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Journal articles on the topic 'Freedom of the press – Rwanda'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Sobel, Meghan, and Karen McIntyre. "The State of Journalism and Press Freedom in Postgenocide Rwanda." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 96, no. 2 (2018): 558–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077699018782201.

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News media played a prominent role in perpetuating the 1994 Rwandan genocide. Since then, Rwanda has undergone impressive social and economic growth, but the media landscape during this redevelopment remains understudied. Qualitative interviews with Rwandan journalists reveal that reporters censor themselves to promote peace and reunification. Short-term, prioritizing social good over media rights might help unify the country, but ultimately it could limit development and reinforce existing authoritarian power structures. Findings suggest that McQuail’s development media theory and Hachten’s d

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2

Frère, Marie-Soleil. "Covering Post-Conflict Elections: Challenges for the Media in Central Africa." Africa Spectrum 46, no. 1 (2011): 3–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000203971104600101.

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In the past ten years, elections were held in six countries of Central Africa experiencing “post-conflict” situations. The polls that took place in Burundi (2005), the Central African Republic (2005), the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2006), Congo-Brazzaville (2002, 2007), Chad (1996, 2001, 2006) and Rwanda (2003) were crucial for peace-building. In some cases, they were widely supported and supervised by the international community, being considered the last step of a peace process and the first step toward establishing a truly representative “post-conflict” regime. The media were expecte

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3

Mujuzi, Jamil Ddamulira. "The right to freedom from discrimination in Rwanda." International Journal of Discrimination and the Law 20, no. 2-3 (2020): 156–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1358229120956497.

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Discrimination is prohibited in different provisions of the 2003 Constitution of Rwanda (the Constitution), in different pieces of legislation and in international and regional human rights treaties ratified by Rwanda. According to the 2003 Constitution, one of the fundamental principles which have to be upheld by the State is the ‘eradication of discrimination and divisionism based on ethnicity, region or on any other ground as well as promotion of national unity’. Article 15 of the Constitution provides for equality before the law and Article 16 of the Constitution prohibits discrimination a

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4

Barang, Marcel. "Press Freedom." Index on Censorship 14, no. 2 (1985): 36–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064228508533869.

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5

Calcutt QC, Sir David. "Freedom of the Press: Freedom from the Press." Denning Law Journal 9, no. 1 (2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/dlj.v9i1.238.

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6

Jansen Reventlow, Yakaré-Oulé (Nani). "Ingabire v. Rwanda (Afr. Ct. H.P.R.)." International Legal Materials 57, no. 3 (2018): 373–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ilm.2018.23.

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On November 24, 2017, the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights (Court) handed down its decision on the merits in the case of Ingabire Victoire Umuhoza v. Rwanda. The case further elucidates the Court's standards on the right to a fair trial and the right to freedom of expression, in particular the latitude that should be given to political speech.

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7

Mbori, Harrison. "Ingabire Victoire Umuhoza v. The Republic of Rwanda." American Journal of International Law 112, no. 4 (2018): 713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ajil.2018.74.

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In its landmark November 24, 2017 judgment in Ingabire Victoire Umuhoza v. The Republic of Rwanda, the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACtHPR) or Court) held that certain aspects of the right to a fair trial (presumption of innocence and illegal searches) and the right to freedom of expression under the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (Banjul Charter) and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) had been violated by the Republic of Rwanda (Respondent State). In its final orders, however, the Court rejected the applicant's prayer for immediate re

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8

Zaffiro, James J., and Gunilla L. Faringer. "Press Freedom in Africa." International Journal of African Historical Studies 26, no. 2 (1993): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/219576.

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9

Campagna, Joel. "Press Freedom in Jordan." Middle East Report, no. 206 (1998): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3012482.

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10

Fair, Jo Ellen, and Gunilla L. Faringer. "Press Freedom in Africa." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 28, no. 1 (1994): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/485847.

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11

Baker, William F. "Freedom of the Press." European Review 17, no. 1 (2009): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798709000581.

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The US media are undergoing a massive transformation, approaching a crisis in journalism, which may portend similar issues in Europe and the rest of the world. Historically, most professional journalism has been done by the print media, especially newspapers. Today, American newspapers are in a state of collapse with circulation dropping at a rapid rate and profitability going to nil or negative. This business is leading to an information crisis that is already having effects on the society and will likely become even more profound, polarizing and perhaps misinforming an entire nation. Print j

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12

Mizuno, Takeya. "Press Freedom in theEnemy’sLanguage." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 93, no. 1 (2015): 204–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077699015607337.

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13

Karikari, Kwame. "Press freedom in Africa." New Economy 11, no. 3 (2004): 184–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0041.2004.00362.x.

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14

Logue, Susan. "Freedom of the Press." Technical Services Quarterly 14, no. 2 (1996): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j124v14n02_03.

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15

DeMott, John Edward. "Press Freedom in Africa." American Journalism 10, no. 1-2 (1993): 130–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08821127.1993.10731513.

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16

Pocock, Lesley. "Freedom of the Press." Middle East Journal of Business 14, no. 2 (2019): 2–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5742/mejb.2019.93646.

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17

Nordenstreng, Kaarle. "Myths About Press Freedom." Brazilian Journalism Research 3, no. 1 (2007): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.25200/bjr.v3n1.2007.97.

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18

Anyadike, Nnamdi. "What Price Press Freedom?" Index on Censorship 14, no. 2 (1985): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064228508533871.

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‘Decree Four’ makes it an offence for any person to report or publish information that is false in any material particular, or that brings the government or officials into ridicule or disrepute. The onus of proof rests on the person accused.

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19

Miller, Seumas. "Freedom of the press." Politikon 22, no. 1 (1995): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589349508705013.

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20

Suran, Melissa, and Danielle K. Kilgo. "Freedom from the Press?" Journalism Studies 18, no. 8 (2015): 1035–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1461670x.2015.1111160.

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21

Lee, Jae-kyoung. "Press Freedom and Democratization." Gazette (Leiden, Netherlands) 59, no. 2 (1997): 135–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0016549297059002004.

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22

Gunaratne, Shelton A. "Freedom of the Press." Gazette (Leiden, Netherlands) 64, no. 4 (2002): 343–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/174804850206400403.

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23

Feinstein, Adam. "Fighting for Press Freedom." Journal of Democracy 6, no. 1 (1995): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jod.1995.0006.

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24

Maliakan, Joseph, and Lek Hor Tan. "Victory for press freedom." Index on Censorship 17, no. 9 (1988): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064228808534528.

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Last month, following nationwide protests from journalists, editors and publishers, the Indian government withdrew its controversial Defamation Bill and announced that a national debate on the defamation issue would be intiated. The government's decision, announced by Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi at the end of September, was greeted with jubilation by members of the press and public. The Bill, which would have considerably weakened the position of defendants in defamation cases, had been introduced into the Lok Sabha (the lower house of Parliament) on 29 August without any prior consultation wi

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25

Connolly-Ahern, Colleen, and Guy J. Golan. "Press Freedom and Religion: Measuring the Association Between Press Freedom and Religious Composition." Journal of Media and Religion 6, no. 1 (2007): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15348420701338526.

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26

Lipman, Maria. "Russia’s Media: Freedom of expression, but no press freedom." Datenschutz und Datensicherheit - DuD 34, no. 8 (2010): 529–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11623-010-0184-2.

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27

Robie, David. "REVIEW: Noted: Press Freedom tribute." Pacific Journalism Review 18, no. 1 (2012): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v18i1.307.

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Review of: Magnum Photos - 101 Photos for Press Freedom. Paris: Reporters Sans Frontières. 2010, 144pp. ISBN 978-2-915536-89-8.The Magnum Photos 101 volume marking RSF's 25th year presents many of contemporary history's best known photographs. Many of them iconic and have featured in the world's newspapers and magazines.

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28

Shafer, Richard. "Press Freedom in the Philippines." Media Asia 18, no. 1 (1991): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01296612.1991.11726348.

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29

Patten, Christopher. "Standing Up for Press Freedom." Media Asia 21, no. 1 (1994): 43–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01296612.1994.11726434.

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30

Oloyede, I. Bayo. "Press Freedom: A Conceptual Analysis." Journal of Social Sciences 11, no. 2 (2005): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09718923.2005.11892501.

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31

Kitch, Carolyn. "Press Freedom and Development, Bibliography." American Journalism 16, no. 4 (1999): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08821127.1999.10739212.

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32

Meldrum, Andrew. "Zimbabwes Battle for Press Freedom." World Literature Today 80, no. 5 (2006): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40159183.

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33

SAMUEL, GEOFFREY. "Civil disobedience and press freedom." Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 5, no. 2 (1985): 300–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ojls/5.2.300.

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34

Putnis, Peter. "Press Freedom in Southeast Asia." Media Information Australia 57, no. 1 (1990): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9005700108.

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35

Milne, John. "Different Views of Press Freedom." Media Information Australia 57, no. 1 (1990): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9005700110.

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Cultural differences between Indonesia and Australia have tended to affect media relations between the two neighbours. The article analyses some specific differences in attitudes to the role of the media and freedom of speech. A better mutual understanding of these differing attitudes would go some way to bridging the gulf and the article suggests some practical ways in which this could be achieved.

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36

Lloyd, John. "The culture of press freedom." Index on Censorship 17, no. 8 (1988): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064228808534504.

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It was from out the rind of one apple tasted, that the knowledge of good and evil as two twins cleaving together leapt forth into the world. And perhaps this is that doom in which Adam fell of knowing good and evil, that is to say of knowing good by evil. As therefore the state of man now is, what wisdom can there be to choose, what continence to forbear, without the knowledge of evil?… since therefore the knowledge and survey of vice is in this world so necessary to the constituting of human virtue, and the scanning of error to the confirmation of truth, how can we more safely and with less d

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37

Schoenhals, Michael. "Sun's fight for press freedom." Index on Censorship 18, no. 8 (1989): 12–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064228908534696.

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38

Hyman, Anthony. "Iran's press — freedom within limits." Index on Censorship 19, no. 2 (1990): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064229008534794.

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39

Bogen, Don. "The Freedom of the Press." Missouri Review 10, no. 2 (1987): 166–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.1987.0083.

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40

Bindman, Geoffrey. "A Shadow Across Press Freedom." British Journalism Review 2, no. 1 (1990): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095647489000200105.

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41

Crawley, William. "Press Freedom in Contemporary Asia." Asian Affairs 52, no. 1 (2021): 200–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03068374.2021.1874729.

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42

Newbury, Catharine. "Background To Genocide: Rwanda." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 23, no. 2 (1995): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1548450500004741.

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Readers of Issue know better than to accept the images of tribalism and ancient hatreds propagated in much of the American press during the early days and weeks of the genocide in Rwanda. And the media (or at least some journalists) came around eventually to a recognition that far from mindless tribal violence, this was planned and calculated genocide. Still, in North America it is the deaths and brutality that have most mesmerized public attention; there has been too little discussion of the political, social, and economic context in which the genocide occurred.

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43

Newbury, Catharine. "Background To Genocide: Rwanda." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 23, no. 2 (1995): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700501966.

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Readers of Issue know better than to accept the images of tribalism and ancient hatreds propagated in much of the American press during the early days and weeks of the genocide in Rwanda. And the media (or at least some journalists) came around eventually to a recognition that far from mindless tribal violence, this was planned and calculated genocide. Still, in North America it is the deaths and brutality that have most mesmerized public attention; there has been too little discussion of the political, social, and economic context in which the genocide occurred.

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44

Kim, Myoung-su. "Freedom of the press - freedom of reporting and editorial right." Journal of Public Society 8, no. 4 (2018): 138–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21286/jps.2018.11.8.4.138.

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45

Hardt, Hanno. "Communication is Freedom: Karl Marx on Press Freedom and Censorship." Javnost - The Public 7, no. 4 (2000): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13183222.2000.11008760.

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46

Nel, Louis. "The freedom of the press and the freedom of television." Ecquid Novi: African Journalism Studies 8, no. 1 (1987): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02560054.1987.9652983.

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47

LEMARCHAND, RENÉ. "A HISTORY OF GENOCIDE IN RWANDA." Journal of African History 43, no. 2 (2002): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853702008198.

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48

Bartlett, Larry. "Press Law and Press Freedom for High School Publications." NASSP Bulletin 71, no. 496 (1987): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019263658707149619.

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49

BJØRNSKOV, CHRISTIAN. "The Hayek–Friedman hypothesis on the press: is there an association between economic freedom and press freedom?" Journal of Institutional Economics 14, no. 4 (2017): 617–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744137417000364.

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AbstractThe Hayek–Friedman hypothesis states that economic freedom is causally associated with stable democracy. I test a particular element of the hypothesis focusing on press freedom, which is arguably a necessary component of any democratic polity. Combining the Freedom House index of press freedom and the Heritage Foundation Index of Economic Freedom yields a large annual panel dataset between 1993 and 2011. Estimates show that improvements in economic freedom are associated with subsequent improvements of press freedom. The overall association is mainly driven by changes in market opennes

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50

Brar, Gurpreet Kaur. "Freedom of Press and its Implications." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-3 (2018): 936–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd11223.

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