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Timmers, Heiko, and H. Timmers@adfa edu au. "Expressions of Inner Freedom." The Australian National University. Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, 1996. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20020328.152158.
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This study investigates the fusion and scattering of nuclei at energies spanning the Coulomb barrier. The coupling of the relative motion of the nuclei to internal degrees of freedom can be thought to give rise to a distribution of potential barriers.
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Two new methods to extract representations of these potential barrier distributions are suggested using the eigen-channel model. The new techniques are based on measurements of quasi-elastic and elastic backscattering excitation functions, from which the representations are extracted by differentiation. A third method utilizing transfer excitation functions is introduced using qualitative arguments. The techniques are investigated experimentally for the reactions 16O + 92Zr, 144,154Sm, 186W and 208Pb. The results are compared with barrier distribution representations obtained from fusion data. The methods are further explored using the systems 40Ca + 90,96Zr and 32S + 208Pb, for which scattering and fusion excitation functions have been measured. The new barrier distribution representations are consistent with the one from fusion. They are direct evidence of the effects of the internal degrees of freedom on channels other than the fusion channel.
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The new representations are, however, less sensitive to the barrier distribution compared to their fusion counterpart. This observation is investigated using coupled-channels calculations. They suggest that residual weak reaction channels, which are not included in the coupling matrix, are responsible for the reduction in sensitivity. In the case of quasi-elastic scattering a distortion of the barrier structure above the average barrier is observed. This effect appears to be due to the de-phasing of the scattering amplitudes contributing to each eigen-channel. Using the heaviest system, 32S + 208Pb, it is demonstrated that there is no improvement in sensitivity to the barrier distribution for systems with large Sommerfeld parameters. This suggests that diffraction effects are not likely to be the cause of the sensitivity reduction.
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The new techniques may be employed successfully in systems with pronounced barrier structure below the average barrier. This is the case for the reactions 40Ca + 90,96Zr. It is shown that for these systems the quasi-elastic scattering and the fusion representations of the barrier distribution contain the same information. The extracted barrier distributions for the two reactions are distinctively different. They are compared to assess the relative importance of collective excitations and neutron transfer in fusion. Exact coupled-channels calculations show that the distribution for 40Ca + 90Zr arises from coupling of the relative motion to double phonon excitations of 90Zr. Further calculations suggest that the reaction 40Ca + 96Zr involves additional coupling to sequential neutron transfer, which is proposed to be a precursor of neutron-neck formation.
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Double phonon excitations are also seen to be important in the system 32S + 208Pb, for which the barrier distribution representations show in addition signatures of one and two neutron transfer.
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Bullock, Cathy Ferrand. "How the public thinks about "freedom" and "press freedom" : a cognigraphic analysis /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6149.
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Hersh, Charlie. "Sourcing Freedom: Teaching About the History of Religious Freedom in Public Schools." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/491285.
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History<br>M.A.<br>This thesis explores best practices in teaching religious history in public schools using primary sources. Lesson plans on specific sites and themes within the history of religious freedom in Philadelphia contextualize and celebrate the religious diversity that the city has known since its inception. By understanding how this diversity developed over time and through obstacles, students will be more willing and motivated to do their individual part to maintain and protect religious liberty. This goal is emphasized through the use of primary sources, which bring gravity, accessibility, and engagement to a topic that might otherwise be considered controversial, distant, or unnecessary.<br>Temple University--Theses
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Wesley, Donald C. "Hazardous freedom| A cultural history of student freedom of speech in the public schools." Thesis, State University of New York at Buffalo, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3726022.
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<p> In public schools, student expression commonly calls for the attention of school staff in one form or another. Educators have a practical interest in understanding the boundaries of student freedom of speech rights and are often directed to the four student speech cases decided to date by the Supreme Court (<i>Tinker v Des Moines</i> (1969), <i>Bethel v Fraser </i> (1986), <i>Hazelwood v Kuhlmeier</i> (1988), and <i> Morse v Frederick</i> (2007)). Sources about these cases abound, but most focus on legal reform issues such as the political arguments of opposing preferences for more student freedom or more school district control or the lack of clear guidance for handling violations </p><p> I propose an alternative approach to understanding the Supreme Court’s student speech jurisprudence focusing not on its correctness but on cultural influences which have worked and continue to work on the Court both from without and within. This approach may lead to a new understanding of Court decisions as legally binding on educators and an appreciation of the necessary rhetorical artistry of the Justices who write them. Not intended in any way as an apologetic of the Court’s decisions on student speech, this study is based particularly on the work of Strauber (1987), Kahn (1999) and Mautner (2011). It takes the form of a cultural history going back to the Fourteenth Amendment’s influence on individual rights from its ratification in 1868 to its application in Tinker in 1969 and beyond. </p><p> Seen as cultural process which begins with the Amendment’s initial almost complete ineffectiveness in restricting state abridgment of fundamental rights including speech to its eventual arrival, fully empowered, at the schoolhouse gate, this study attempts to make student speech rights more accessible to educators and others. The tensions between the popular culture which espouses the will of the people and the internal legal culture of the Court itself and its most outspoken and articulate Justices resolve into decisions which become the law of the land, at least for the moment. The study also offers implications for administrators together with suggestions on how to stay current with free speech case law applicable to the schools.</p>
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Sybylla, Roe, and roesybylla@hotmail com. "Making Our Freedom : Feminism and ethics from Beauvoir to Foucault." The Australian National University. Faculty of Arts, 1997. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20040629.142154.
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This thesis examines the possibilities for feminism that arise from the work of Michel Foucault, which I explicate by comparison it with humanist existentialism. I begin with The Second Sex, Simone de Beauvoir's application of existentialism to women. I expose the problems that arise in Beauvoir's project. Woman's body is an obstacle to her transcendence, and further, she must abandon her feminine desires and values, and accommodate herself to masculine patterns if she is to overcome her immanence and subordination. To understand why such problems recur in The Second Sex, I turn to Sartre's Being and Nothingness. After examining the conceptions underlying his thought, I conclude that his philosophy is unable to encompass difference, and is therefore antithetical to the feminist project.
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Foucault's philosophy offers solutions to these problems by eliminating consciousness as universal subject of action, and by making subjectivity a product of time, through showing how subjects are formed though the changing effects of power upon bodies. His thought encompasses difference at a fundamental level, through understanding human beings as particular 'events' in time. I argue that Foucault's philosophy does not depend fundamentally, as does Sartre's, upon woman as Other.
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Foucault shows how our particular historical form of rationality, created within power relations, sets limits on what we can think, be and do. He shows how thought can overcome some of these limits, allowing us to become authors of our own actions. Misunderstandings are common, particularly of his conception of power and its relation to subjectivity. Many commentators demand changes that reinstate the concepts he fundamentally rejects. Others do not see the unity of his philosophy. I show its importance to women's emancipation and to a feminist ethics.
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Finally, I compare Foucault's thought with feminism of difference. With the help of Heidegger, I argue that Foucault offers a superior but complementary way to know who we are, through understanding the history of our making. I show how the masculine and the feminine can be reconciled through a reconceptualisation of the relation of sex to time. All told, Foucault is a philosopher of freedom and for him the practice of freedom is an ethics.
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Birke, Chris. "Attitudes of public school superintendents toward student press freedom in states with and states without student press freedom laws." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1137669.
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This study gauged how superintendents of six states view student press freedom. This study focused on two sets of superintendents. In one set, the superintendents were in states that had passed student freedom laws. The second set of superintendents were in states that had no freedom laws, meaning school administrators had the right to censor school publications. The data strongly suggests that superintendents in states with freedom laws were less likely to favor censorship. However, both sets of superintendents appeared to favor administrative control.<br>Department of Journalism
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Goodell, Zachary Grant. "FACULTY PERCEPTIONS OF ACADEMIC FREEDOM AT A METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY: A CASE STUDY." VCU Scholars Compass, 2005. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4722.
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This research study examines how faculty perceive academic freedom at a metropolitan university. Thirty structured interviews were conducted with social science faculty, who have been tenured for 10 years or more, at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU). These faculty came from the departments of Sociology, Psychology, Anthropology, Political Science, Urban Studies, Criminal Justice, Women’s Studies, and African-American Studies. The following five questions were the central research questions: (a) how do core faculty in the social sciences at VCU define academic freedom; (b) do these same faculty perceive academic freedom to be a significant feature of a career in higher education; (c) do these same faculty perceive any existing threats to their academic freedom; (d) how do these faculty define academic tenure; and (e) how did these faculty learn about academic freedom and tenure. Where previous research has often focused on comparing and contrasting faculty perceptions of academic freedom from different institutions, ranks and disciplines, this research targeted a fairly homogenous population of faculty in order to identify any common socialization experiences, both formal and informal, which may have contributed to common perceptions. The findings suggest that these faculty do not share a common perception of academic freedom. Where most of the respondents did agree that academic freedom protected both research and teaching, approximately half of the respondents did not associate any institutional limitations or professional responsibilities with academic freedom. Most of the respondents considered academic freedom to be a significant feature of an academic career. They perceived the current threats to academic freedom to be largely stemmed from within the institution. In particular, they believed that a top- down business model of leadership coupled with a weak academic culture to be the most significant threats to academic freedom. They defined tenure primarily as a means of protecting their own academic freedom through job security. Lastly, most of them learned about academic freedom very vicariously and informally, which helps explain the varied perceptions of what academic freedom means to them and how it should be exercised.
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Barrows, Paula. "ASSESSING DEPLOYMENT RISK AND RESILIENCY FACTORS AND THE ADJUSTMENT OUTCOMES OF POLICE OFFICERS SERVING IN OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM AND OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2671.
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ASSESSING DEPLOYMENT RISK AND RESILIENCY FACTORS AND THE ADJUSTMENT OUTCOMES OF POLICE OFFICERS SERVING IN OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM AND OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM By Paula Barrows Davenport, MS A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2012 Director: Dr. Janet R. Hutchinson Professor and Chair of the Department of Gender, Sexuality and Women’s Studies The goal of this exploratory study was to evaluate risk and resiliency factors from the Deployment Risk and Resiliency Inventory (DRRI) in predicting post-deployment adjustment outcomes among police officers who served in Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) as part of the National Guard/Reserve (NGR). A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 44 police officers who were OEF/OIF veterans assessing risk and resiliency factors as well as current levels of anxiety, aggression, alcohol use, and PTSD symptoms. Regression analyses revealed concerns over family personal relationships and career matters during deployment along with more exposure to critical incidents involving family members predicted higher levels of alcohol use. Conversely, exposure to critical incidents involving personal safety predicted lower levels of alcohol use while exposure to hostile combat missions predicted lower levels of aggression. Post-deployment social support and military support during deployment predicted lower levels of alcohol usage, anxiety and PTSD/depression while unit peer social support predicted higher levels of alcohol usage. This study highlighted the mistrust among police veteran police officers of mental health professionals. Mistrust of mental health personnel predicted a higher level of aggression and the fear of stigma for receiving mental health assistance predicted higher alcohol usage. This document was created in Microsoft Word 2003.
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Mei-Chuan, Wei. "Public culture and the Taiwan imaginary : freedom, the nation and welfare." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2920/.
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This thesis attempts to develop a fresh perspective on the study of political development. By drawing on the experience of Taiwan's postwar political trajectory while critically appropriating the existing concepts relevant in the field, I employ 'public culture' as a new conceptual tool for understanding and explaining political change. Public culture is defined as the process of public deliberation in which public intellectuals as well as the general public are engaged, public consciousness is formed and contested, and public consensus to various degrees is arrived at. Central to the concept of public culture is the role of political ideology and intellectual articulation and debates in social evolution and transformation. Modernisation theories and 'transitology' remain dominant in the comparative study of political development. The public culture perspective developed in this thesis counters the economic determinism of modernisation theory and the elitism of transition theory while retaining the historical and structural approaches typical of the former and attention to the role of elite actors characteristic of the latter. Public culture is an attempt to provide an angle from which the context and text of ideological discourses and their sociopolitical implications can be analysed for a better explanation of Taiwan's experience. This thesis demonstrates that Taiwan's postwar public culture is featured by a twin development of liberalism and nationalism against the backgrounds of the Second World War, Chinese Civil War and Cold War. In the same context welfarism as social justice emerged as another influential discourse. Postwar Taiwan's institutional change from authoritarianism to liberal democracy reflects this feature.
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Maganyane, Tumelo Arnols. "Promoting learners’ right to freedom of religious expression in public schools." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/80460.
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The dispute over the place, accommodation and tolerance of religion and religious expression in South African public schools, as well as globally, has been vehement. This is, to some extent, because public schools reflect the multicultural and religious societies in which they are found. In addition to their diverse backgrounds, public schools in South Africa and elsewhere are dominated by Christianity, with most people claiming allegiance to it and, sometimes, discriminating against the other minority religions. This has led to governments developing a plethora of legislation, policies and regulations to redress the dominance, unequal treatment and discrimination of the dominant religion. This study was undertaken to answer the question: “How do public schools promote the learners’ right to freedom of religious expression?”
This interpretive multisite case study explored the experiences of the SGB chairpersons, principals, Life Orientation educators and learners at three public secondary schools in the Bohlabela District of the Mpumalanga province of South Africa. The research used interviews, document analysis and observations to elicit the participants’ views and understandings of how their various schools’ religious observance policies promoted the learners’ right to freedom of religious expression. The findings revealed that most schools have not changed the way they conduct religious observances since the promulgation of the National Policy on Religion and Education of 2003. Moreover, learners still experience religious intolerance and religious discrimination because schools promote single-faith religious observances.<br>Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria 2021.<br>pt2021<br>Education Management and Policy Studies<br>MEd<br>Unrestricted
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Fick, Sarah Johanna. "Consenting to objectifying treatment? Human dignity and individual freedom." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20286.
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Thesis (LLM)-- Stellenbosch University, 2012.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to determine whether an individual can and/or should be allowed to consent to objectifying treatment. This necessitated the determination of the meaning of dignity, the meaning of freedom and the relationship between dignity and freedom. It was found that both the right not to be objectified and the right to consent to objectification could be found within human dignity. This is due to the broad definition of dignity in terms of which dignity has two, sometimes contradicting, components. One component safeguards autonomy and the right to choose, which supports consent to objectification, whereas the other promotes individual self-worth by prohibiting objectifying treatment.
By investigating the meaning of freedom it was found that freedom as a constitutional value, and possibly also a free-standing constitutional right, could incorporate the right to consent to objectifying treatment.
Three possible solutions to this tension between human dignity and freedom were identified and critically analysed. The first was that an individual cannot and should not be allowed to consent to objectification. This solution is primarily based on the notion that dignity is supreme to freedom and that freedom should yield to communitarian dignity. Furthermore, it is contended that consent to objectification is often invalid due to economic coercion and undue influence.
The second possible solution was that, although an individual might not be able to validly consent to objectifying treatment, such consent should still be allowed under certain circumstances. The example of invalid consent due to economic coercion introduced in the previous solution was examined in relation to prostitution. The contention regarding this approach is that, since our government is unable to fulfil the socio-economic needs of those who consent due to economic coercion, such consent should be allowed and strictly regulated.
The third possible approach was that circumstances do exist in which individuals can give valid consent to objectification and that in these circumstances they should be allowed to do so. In this solution the grounds of the first approach is criticised by contending, for example, that dignity is not supreme to freedom, that a plural society should allow these type of choices and that consent to objectification is already allowed in some instances.
The results of this study were that, although there are situations in which genuine consent is not possible, it can be given under certain circumstances. An individual who cannot give genuine consent to objectification should not be allowed to do so, unless transitional measures dictate otherwise. However, an individual who is capable of giving valid consent to objectification should be allowed to do so. Finally, regardless of whether such consent is genuine or not, strict regulation thereof is required.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie was om vas te stel of 'n individu kan toestem en/of toegelaat behoort te word om toe te stem tot objektiverende behandeling. Dit genoodsaak dat die betekenis van menswaardigheid en vryheid, asook verhouding tussen hierdie twee begrippe vasgestel word. Daar is bevind dat beide die reg om nie te geobjektifeer te word nie en die reg om toe te stem tot objektivering gevind kan word binne die begrip van menswaardigheid. Hierdie is te danke aan die breë definisie van menswaardigheid in terme waarvan menswaardigheid uit twee, soms weersprekende, komponente bestaan. Een komponent beskerm outonomie en die reg om te kies, wat toestemming tot objektivering ondersteun, terwyl die ander komponent individuele waarde bevorder deurdat dit objektiverende behandeling verbied.
Tydens die ondersoek aangaande die betekenis van vryheid is bevind dat vryheid as 'n grondwetlike waarde, en moontlik ook 'n vrystaande grondwetlike reg, die reg om toe te stem tot objektiverende behandeling kan inkorporeer.
Drie moontlike oplossings vir hierdie spanning tussen menswaardigheid en vryheid is geïdentifiseer en krities ontleed. Die eerste is dat 'n individu nie kan toestem en ook nie toegelaat behoort te word om toe te stem tot objektivering nie. Hierdie oplossing is hoofsaaklik gebaseer op die veronderstelling dat vryheid onderworpe is aan menswaardigheid en dat individuele vryheid moet toegee tot die menswaardigheid van die gemeenskap. Verder word dit beweer dat toestemming tot objektivering dikwels ongeldig is as gevolg van die ekonomiese dwang en onbehoorlike beïnvloeding.
Die tweede moontlike oplossing was dat, alhoewel 'n individu nie noodwendig instaat is om geldige toestemming tot objektiverende behandeling te verskaf nie, sodanige toestemming onder sekere omstandighede steeds toegelaat behoort te word. Die voorbeeld van ongeldig toestemming as gevolg van ekonomiese dwang wat in die vorige oplossing bekendgestel is, is ondersoek aan die hand van prostitusie. Die bewering ingevolge hierdie benadering is dat, aangesien ons regering is nie in staat is om die sosio-ekonomiese behoeftes van diegene wat toestem tot objektivering as gevolg van ekonomiese dwang te vervul nie, sodanige toestemming toegelaat en streng gereguleer behoort te word.
Die derde moontlike benadering is dat daar wel omstandighede bestaan waar individue geldige toestemming kan gee tot objektivering en dat hulle in hierdie omstandighede toegelaat behoort te word om dit te gee. In terme van hierdie oplossing word die gronde waarop die eerste benadering gebaseer is gekritiseer, deur byvoorbeeld te argumenteer dat menswaardigheid nie verhewe is bo vryheid nie, dat in ons huidige diverse samelewing sulke soort keuses aanvaar behoort te word en dat toestemming tot objektivering reeds in sommige geval toegelaat word.
Die resultate van hierdie studie was dat, alhoewel daar omstandighede bestaan waaronder geldige toestemming nie moontlik is nie, dit wel onder sekere omstandighede gegee kan word. 'n Individu wat nie daartoe instaat is om geldige toestemming tot objektivering te gee nie, behoort nie toegelaat word om dit te doen nie, tensy oorgangsmaatreëls anders bepaal. Waar 'n individu egter in staat is om geldige toestemming tot die objektivering te gee, behoort dit toegelaat word. Ten slotte is streng regulering van toestemming tot objektiverende behandeling nodig ongeag of sodanige toestemming geldig is of nie.
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Stevens-Uninsky, Maya. "Engagement and understanding: pregnant adolescents and health information in Freedom Park." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20962.
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Adolescent and young adult pregnancy is a major sexual health issue for vulnerable young women in South Africa. Beginning by examining the origins of adolescent pregnancy in South Africa, this paper then proceeds to examine the various sources of health information accessible to adolescent women, and how said information is used. Finally, it examines the disconnect between know ledge and use of health information, and the role this plays in high levels of adolescent pregnancy. This independent research examines how adolescent women in the South African township of Mitchells Plain, Cape Town (specifically the neighbourhood of Freedom Park) understand and engage with the limited health information at their disposal. Through a qualitative research process resulting in interview analysis, this article explores how vulnerable young women internalize, believe, and use health information, in order to better understand the causes of adolescent pregnancy and risky sexual behaviour. Participants were adolescent (18 -¬‐ 20) women, who were residents of Freedom Park, (a neighbourhood in Mitchells Plain) and were either pregnant or had a child. Demographic screening tools (n=31) were used to select participants for semi -¬‐ structured interviews (n=30). Interviews were later transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using NVIVO. In this Freedom Park sample, the ability of young women to internalize and act upon information about sexuality and health varied depending on who proffered that information and how those individuals were perceived by the recipient. In the research, three key factors emerged as impacting the internalization and later use of reproductive health information. First, for both sources of health information and for recipients, life experience s played a critical role in making information more relatable and therefore easier to internalize, believe and use. Second, the perceived trustworthiness of the source of information made the knowledge more believable and relevant to the recipient. Finally, high levels of comfort in discussing sexual health with the source of information made information more easily internalized, while fear of negative judgment from sources reduced comfort and discussions of sexual health. The research suggests that efforts to reduce instances of adolescent pregnancy in South Africa should pay close attention to who delivers information about health and sexuality. To be effective, young women should feel they share experiences with, trust in, and are comfort able with sources of information. Future research should pursue how improving adolescent's engagement with health information through feelings of belonging, self ‐ efficacy, and empowerment can improve understanding, trust, and utilization of health information.
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Perera, Sandrine. "Le principe de liberté en droit public français." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01D051.
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Cette recherche sur le principe de liberté tend à interroger la liberté en tant qu'elle est un principe, pour tenter de déterminer son sens, sa valeur et sa portée. La première partie («Un principe positivement mal assuré») repose sur une observation du droit positif, spécialement sur la façon dont celui-ci pose la liberté comme principe, afin de saisir le ou les sens qu'il lui donne, tout en observant ses évolutions réelles ou possibles. D'une part, le principe est appréhendé en tant que fondement de l'ordre juridique. D'autre part, il est considéré en tant que norme qui prévaut par principe. Mais tout au long de cette première partie, l'observation et la réflexion s'attachent à déceler les raisons de l'absence de reconnaissance explicite du principe de liberté comme tel. Ces raisons tiennent certainement à certains contextes doctrinaux ou théoriques, à des craintes pratiques, et à une évolution du sens commun de la liberté, qui s'éloigne de son sens initial, celui donnée par la Déclaration des droits de l'Homme et du Citoyen de 1789. La seconde partie (« Le principe de liberté : un principe juridiquement nécessaire») entend d'abord démontrer la nécessité de pleinement reconnaître le principe de liberté comme principe de droit, c'est-à-dire comme norme de droit positif. Cette reconnaissance permettrait en effet une meilleure saisie du fonctionnement de l'ordre juridique, du fondement des normes, et de l'engendrement de nouvelles normes, notions ou mécanismes procéduraux. Cette reconnaissance assurerait également une reconsidération de l'encadrement du principe de liberté. Ensuite, et plus fondamentalement, cette seconde partie vise aussi à attester que la liberté est un principe du droit, c'est-à-dire qu'elle est, plus généralement, nécessaire à l'existence du droit en tant que tel et à la reconnaissance totale d'un principe positif de liberté. Le principe de liberté est alors considéré d'un point de vue ontologique<br>This research on the principle of freedom explores freedom as a principle, and endeavors to determine its meaning, value and scope. The first part ("A positively uncertain principle") draws on an observation of substantive law, particularly the way in which it lays down freedom as a principle, in order to grasp the meaning(s) this gives it, while observing its actual or possible developments. First, the principle is explored as a basis of the legal system. Second, it is considered as a standard that prevails on principle. But a series of observations and thoughts throughout the first part aim to explain why there is no explicit recognition of the freedom principle as such. The reasons for this certainly stem from various doctrinal or theoretical contexts, practical fears, and changes in the commonly-perceived meaning of freedom, which has moved away from the original sense given to it by the1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizens. The second part ("The principle of freedom : a legally necessary principle") sets out initially to demonstrate the need to acknowledge the freedom principle fully as a principle of law as it is laid down, i.e. as a standard of substantive law. This recognition would enable a better grasp of the way the legal system works, the rationale for standards, and the generation of new procedural standards, concepts and mechanisms. This recognition would also ensure a reappraisal of the framework of the freedom principle. Following this, the second part aims to show that, more fundamentally, freedom is also a principle of ontological Law, i.e. that it is necessary as a whole to the existence of law itself, and to the total recognition of a positive principle of freedom. The freedom principle is then examined from an ontological standpoint
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Roberts, John Michael. "Speakers' Corner : the conceptualisation and regulation of a public sphere." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274648.
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Weereratne, Anura R., and n/a. "The Australian Freedom of Information Legislation and its applicability to Sri Lanka: an empirical study." University of Canberra. Law, 2001. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061108.115444.
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The Dissertation sets out the results of an evaluation of certain aspects of the
Commonwealth of Australia's Freedom of Information Legislation and proposals to
introduce a Freedom of Information Law in Sri Lanka. The major purpose of the study
was:
(i) to evaluate whether the Commonwealth FOI Act has
achieved the objects of Parliament - whether members of
the public could have a free access to government
information subject to important exemptions.
(ii) whether a FOI regime should be introduced to Sri Lanka
In conducting my research, I devoted three chapters to FOI in Australia including the
development of the legislation. I analysed key components of the legislation and
researched to what extent the FOI Act has achieved its objects. I devoted two chapters
towards the concept of transparency of government in Sri Lanka, the attitude of the
Courts towards the concept of the right to information and whether Sri Lanka needs a
Freedom of Information Act. In the last two chapters, I have devoted a chapter each to
the concept of translocation of laws and about an ideal FOI Act for Sri Lanka, which is an
adaptation of the Australian Act.
The individual components of the methodology incorporated:
(i) a literature survey of the Commonwealth FOI Act, Freedom of Information
in the United Nations and in the USA; and Sweden, Canada and New Zealand;
(ii) a literature survey concerning the transparency of government in Sri Lanka
(ii) interviews with a cross section Commonwealth FOI administrators and key
politicians, lawyers and a cross section of members of the press and public in
Sri Lanka; and
(iv) research of the Australian FOI legislation
The empirical data present an analysis of key features of the Commonwealth FOI Act
with particular attention to exemption clauses.
I have recommended some amendments to the FOI Act in view of the Commonwealth
Government's policy of outsourcing some of its activities and the creation of a position of
FOI Commissioner.
Finally my research indicates that Sri Lanka needs Freedom of Information legislation to
meet the challenges facing a developing country that is endeavoring to reach 'newly
developed status' early in the new millennium. Furthermore, international lenders and
donors are now requiring that developing countries like Sri Lanka seeking aid, should
show more transparency in its activities. I have drafted a Freedom of Jiformation Bill for
Sri Lanka. I have based the draft on the Australian law adapted to suit the local
conditions in Sri Lanka, which is in Appendix "G".
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Al-Zyoud, Mohammad Saye. "Academic freedom, university autonomy and admission policy in the Jordanian public universities." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2001. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13360/.
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This study examines the extent of academic freedom for academics and students, university autonomy and equality of admission in the Jordanian public universities. It examines academic freedom in terms of freedom to express views and ideas, freedom to select course content, freedom to select research subjects, freedom to participate in social and political activities, freedom to participate in decision making and freedom to be promoted from one academic rank to another. Also, it considers university autonomy in terms of admission of students, appointment of academics, establishing new programmes of study and research, administration of students' affairs and university autonomy from the pressure of society. Finally, it examines the admission policy in terms of the equality of the admission criteria; these are the Tawjihi scores and the quota components. The main subjects of the study comprised a sample of higher education academics, policy makers and postgraduate students from the six public universities. The study employed qualitative and quantitative research methods; questionnaires were used to obtain the views of the postgraduate students regarding academic freedom for students and equality of admission policy. Interviews were used to obtain academics and policy makers' views regarding academic freedom, university autonomy and equality of the admission policy. There was also analysis of related documentary material. From this study, it appears that academic freedom for academics and students is controlled and limited by social, security and legal constraints. These limitations affect freedom of expression, freedom of publishing, freedom to select course content, freedom to select research subjects, freedom to participate in social and political activities, freedom to participate in decision making and freedom to be promoted from one academic rank to another. Also, university autonomy is restricted by social and governmental regulations and security restrictions, while university autonomy to admit students is restricted by the HEC (Higher Education Council) criteria of admission. Furthermore, the admission policy is flawed by the inequality of the criteria which have not achieved equality among students. In the light of the findings of this study, recommendations have been made for the development of academic freedom for academics and students, university autonomy and equality of the admission policy and an indication given of possible future research studies.
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Guy, Robert L. Holsinger M. Paul. "Religious expression in public education." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p3006619.
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Thesis (D.A.)--Illinois State University, 2001.<br>Title from title page screen, viewed April 25, 2006. Dissertation Committee: M. Paul Holsinger (chair), Moody Simms, John Freed. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 161-167) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Larsen, Irene. "Public access to information : reaching the right balance between public and private." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78219.
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This thesis examines the change towards a property-based view of information in the fields of copyright, database protection and data privacy. Focus will be placed on the United States and the European Union, as those territories together are responsible for more than half of the world's Internet population. The thesis will attempt to show that a view of information as personal property is not actually benefiting society in general and is dangerous for future progress: economic, scientific and social. The thesis suggests balancing the restrictions on access to information as a whole, meaning viewing the restrictions in copyright, database protection and privacy laws to see how they together affect access to information. It argues that these fields of law should supplement each other in maximizing social welfare through a baseline of public access as opposed to a baseline of monopoly.
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Wendel, Philipp. "State responsibility for interferences with the freedom of navigation in public international law /." Berlin [u.a.] : Springer, 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2991082&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Lenaghan, Patricia Michelle. "The right to freedom of religion in the public domain in South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9062_1363775015.
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<p>Within the context of South Africa&lsquo<br>s diverging religious, cultural and social backgrounds, new questions on the nature of a multicultural society are raised from the perspective of human rights. <br>The universality and indivisibility of human rights are challenged by this diversity and consequently implies that standards, concepts and structures for implementation have to be reconsidered. <br>International and national standards are being (re)interpreted and attention is not only focused on the contents of the norms but on the limitations imposed thereupon. The debate on whether limits should be set in permitting or accommodating cultural or religious pluralism is becoming extremely relevant. The manner in which these questions are responded to <br>is even more prominent in the light of our history of apartheid which has disregarded respect for religious and cultural diversity. In the scope of this research emphasis will be placed on the <br>right to freedom of religion and in particular the limitation of the right to religion in an attempt to balance conflicting rights and accommodates religious diversity. The right to freedom of religion <br>albeit constitutionally entrenched is subject to reasonable and justifiable limitations. However, no clear guidelines have been formulated on the criteria for limiting the right to freedom of <br>religion. The main aim of this research is to find guiding criteria to facilitate the imposition of limitations on the right to freedom of religion. The limitations of the right to freedom of religion are <br>interrelated with the following research questions: Firstly, the definition afforded to the right to freedom of religion in accordance with national and international standards<br>secondly, the relationship between culture and religion and any interconnection that exists between these rights. This is followed by the influence of the particular value framework or normative commitments <br>f the judiciary on the interpretation of the right to religion, as well as the relationship between the state and religion. The above issues will be researched both on a national and <br>an international level. The aim is to conduct research that will build on an appreciation of the guidelines that should be employed in ensuring the protection of the right to freedom of religion. To this end comparisons will be drawn with other legal <br>systems, which on the one hand acknowledge the protection of the right to freedom of religion and on the other hand have to find ways in which the right can be balanced in the event of conflict. It is envisaged that the research of the criteria imposed on the limitation of the right to religion both on a national and an international level will assist in suggesting criteria that will influence <br>scholarly debate on the topic. In addition that this debate will allow for the formulation of a transformative approach within the South African context that sanctions the celebration of diversity in all <br>its aspects and in particular the right to freedom of religion.<br />
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Harwood, Philip. "Civil marriage commissioners in the province of Saskatchewan: religious freedom and public service." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66948.
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This thesis attempts to address the issue of religious freedom and public service by specifically examining the policy implemented by the Government of Saskatchewan towards its civil marriage commissioners in 2004. This work takes a critical look at four key aspects: first, reasonable accommodation – its history, its application in the Canadian context and the academic debates pertaining to religious accommodation; second, the policymaking process employed by the Province of Saskatchewan; third, Canadian jurisprudence on freedom of religion cases; and finally, contemporary academic approaches to the role of religion in the public sphere. Taken together, these issues suggest that the contemporary shift in understanding and applying norms of reasonable accommodation, in conjunction with the current judicial trend to assign religious belief to the private sphere, reinforces the notion that the religious rights of private citizens are limited when they assume a public role.<br>Cette thèse examine la question de la liberté de religion et la fonction publique, en analysant spécifiquement la politique mise en place par le Gouvernement de la Saskatchewan vis-à-vis les commissaires aux mariages civils en 2004. Cet ouvrage jette un regard critique sur quatre aspects principaux: le premier, l'accommodement raisonnable - son histoire, son application dans le contexte canadien et les débats académiques liés à l'accommodement religieux; le deuxième, le processus d'élaboration des politiques utilisé par la province de la Saskatchewan; le troisième, la jurisprudence canadienne sur la liberté de religion; et finalement, les approches académiques contemporaines vis-à-vis le rôle de la religion dans la sphère publique. Ensemble, ces enjeux suggèrent que le changement contemporain dans la compréhension et l'application des normes d'accommodement raisonnable, en conjonction avec la tendance judiciaire actuelle d'assigner des croyances religieuses à la sphère publique, renforcent la notion que les droits religieux des citoyens privés sont limités lorsqu'ils adoptent un rôle public.
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JUNIOR, HUMBERTO LUIZ SALUSTIANO COSTA. "RELIGIOUS FREEDOM IN BRAZIL AND THE USE OF RELIGIOUS SYMBOLS IN PUBLIC SPACE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=29233@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>O escopo do presente trabalho é discutir a dimensão da liberdade religiosa no Brasil, com enfoque no uso de símbolos religiosos no espaço público. A Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988 traz em seu texto, como direito fundamental, as prerrogativas de crença e de culto. Partindo do pressuposto de que essa liberdade é externa, ou seja, é o direito de se exprimir uma crença ou uma não crença, o estudo abordará essa conduta religiosa no espaço público como pressuposto de autoafirmação e reconhecimento do ser religioso mediante o exercício público de sua crença. De forma a contribuir para análise da realidade
brasileira acerca do tema proposto, precedentes dos Estados Unidos da América, Alemanha e França serão trabalhados no corpo do texto. Por fim, o estudo contemplará uma análise da realidade brasileira a partir de sua legislação, doutrina constitucional bem como através de análises de casos conflituosos havidos no seio
da sociedade motivados pelo exercício de crença religiosa, e ainda, analisar se é permitido ao agente público ostentar, em serviço, símbolos que remetam à sua crença religiosa, sem que com isso se agrida a ordem constitucional vigente no Brasil.<br>The scope of work is to discuss the extent of the right to religious freedom in Brazil, focusing on the use of religious symbols in public space. The Constitution of the Republic 1988 brings in its text, as a fundamental right, the prerogatives of belief and worship. Assuming that such freedom is external, that there is a right to express a belief or non- belief, the study will address the religious conduct in public space as a requirement of self-affirmation and recognition of the religious citizen through the public exercise of its beliefs. In order to contribute to the analysis of brazilian reality about the proposed theme, precedents of the United States of America, Germany and France will be adressed. Finally, the study will include an analysis of Brazilian reality from its legislation and constitutional doctrine as well as through analysis of conflicting cases wich happened in the society and which were motivated by the exercise of religious beliefs, and will also examine whether a public official can use symbols referring to its religious beliefs while working without thereby to violate the brazilian constitution.
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Jackson, Troy Martin, and Troy Martin Jackson. "Freedom of Speech on Public College Campuses: Legally Uncertain and Legally Contested Space." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625012.
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The purpose of this paper is to discuss the First Amendment; more specifically, how freedom of speech is regulated or not regulated on public college campuses. Analyzing cases spanning half a century, this paper will look at the broad and somewhat narrow definitions and standards of speech. The Supreme Court has decided multiple cases relating directly and indirectly to speech on public college campuses, however, a finite answer as to what speech is accepted and not accepted is a debate still being argued today. This paper will help shed light on the subject, while also providing personal thought and contribution as to how speech cases and regulations should be viewed and analyzed. The conclusion, free speech has no definition, nor a narrow answer as to how public colleges should handle speech or how speech will be argued before the court. Free speech is still legally uncertain and legally contested space. This paper helps readers understand what free speech is and the standards and uncertainties that go along with it while providing insight along the way.
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Hamilton, Michael James. "Rights, relationships and the struggle for recognition : parade disputes and public order law in Northern Ireland." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288819.
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Lukman, Joshua R. "Right to publicity and privacy versus first amendment freedom of speech." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2003. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/323.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.<br>Bachelors<br>Health and Public Affairs<br>Legal Studies
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Choy, Emmett. "Hong Kong's Economic Freedom and Income Inequality." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/718.
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Hong Kong is considered to be the most economically free country in the world, but also has the highest amount of income inequality of any developed country. The Hong Kong government is able to sustain laissez faire policies due to its monopoly on land supply. Maintaining high property values allows the government to maximize revenue from property tax, which acts as a hidden tax. A major contributor to income inequality is the formation of oligopolies in Hong Kong that creates an anticompetitive environment. The interests of the government and oligarchs are aligned as both obtain significant portions of revenue from the property sector. As globalization makes Hong Kong even more vulnerable to external shocks, the government faces the challenges of increasing competition, diversifying its revenue streams, and closing the income gap while standing by its principles in order maintain regional competitiveness as an international business hub.
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Stewart, Daxton R. Davis Charles N. "Constructively managing conflict about open government use of ombuds and other dispute resolution systems in state and federal sunshine laws /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6131.
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Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 16, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Dissertation advisor: Dr. Charles N. Davis. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Stewart, Daxton R. "The Missouri Sunshine Law : toward a model of enforcement /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1422966.
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Tivig, Andrea. "Moving Beyond Borders: Freedom of Movement in and between States." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13064992.
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Freedom of movement is a matter of individual freedom rather than only a tool for addressing global distributive injustice. Freedom of movement has normative value whether or not it concerns interstate borders. Migration, in the sense of interstate relocation, is a subcategory of movement, which can involve travel, temporary relocation or permanent relocation--a brief walk, or a move halfway around the world.
My argument about freedom of movement has two essential elements: first, that freedom of movement has noninstrumental value, not only instrumental value, and that it deserves more weight and attention than liberals usually give it; and second, I justify this and its implications by emphasizing the cross-scalar connections between local and global movement and showing that the difference between internal and interstate movement is not as significant as is usually assumed to be. Freedom of movement is proposed as a unit of concern and a matter of degree, with principles and restrictions functioning in parallel at both levels. The cohesive account of liberal freedom of movement offers the chance to think about people moving and staying as one overarching category. This challenges the characterization of migration as anomalous and captures the chance to treat like cases alike.
Chapter Two makes an argument for freedom of movement as a noninstrumental liberal value to which the normative weight of the instrumental value of freedom of movement is added. Chapter Three explores small-scale movement in the countryside and the city and proposes a stronger valuation of freedom of movement particularly vis-à-vis private property rights. Chapter Four considers theoretical and legal arguments involving intrafederal movement in the United States and Germany and compares intrafederal exit to exit from the state. Chapter Five considers several free movement regimes in Europe to draw out the similarities between interstate, intrafederal, and local movement. Throughout these chapters I show that there are many legitimate ways in which freedom of movement can and should be restricted at the internal level, but this is not sufficient to conclude that interstate movement can be arbitrarily restricted.<br>Government
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De, Silva Hannelore, Christoph Hauert, Arne Traulsen, and Karl Sigmund. "Freedom, enforcement, and the social dilemma of strong altruism." Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00191-009-0162-8.
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Cooperation in joint enterprises poses a social dilemma. How can altruistic behavior be sustained if selfish alternatives provide a higher payoff? This social dilemma can be overcome by the threat of sanctions. But a sanctioning system is itself a public good and poses a second-order social dilemma. In this paper, we show by means of deterministic and stochastic evolutionary game theory that imitation-driven evolution can lead to the emergence of cooperation based on punishment, provided the participation in the joint enterprise is not compulsory. This surprising result - cooperation can be enforced if participation is voluntary - holds even in the case of 'strong altruism', when the benefits of a player's contribution are reaped by the other participants only. (authors' abstract)
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St, John Jeffrey E. "Matters of public concern : reconceptualizing the supreme court's threshold test for federal employee free speech /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8236.
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Odendaal, Rehana Thembeka. "Wits imagined: an investigation into Wits University's public roles and responsibilities, 1922 - 1994." Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32899.
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This thesis examines the public roles and responsibilities of the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg in the period 1922-1994. It does this through a close investigation of four moments in the history of the University, namely the foundation of Wits (1910s and 1920s); early debates about the entry of Black staff and students (1930s and 1940s); the Academic Freedom protests (starting in the mid-1950s) and the formation of the Wits History Workshop (from 1977 to the early 1990s). In each of these moments, social roles and perceptions of public responsibility were actively asserted or challenged through engagements between internal-university constituencies and external communities. The thesis identifies three core roles for Wits University over this period: providing technical and professional training; generating and authenticating expert knowledge and shaping people's ideas of citizenship. The practical and conceptual understandings of these three roles, however, have shifted over time as the University's conceptualisation of the communities it serves has changed. These shifts have happened in conversation with different civic and state actors. The thesis has found that ideas of the public roles of Wits are informed by an institutional sense of self-referential authority accumulated through various moments and practices in the University's history. This self-referential authority depends on a selective recalling of particular events and the ability of multiple narratives about the University's identity to circulate simultaneously. This self-referential authority draws on Wits' origins as an institution of late-Imperial modernity and its legacy as a so-called ‘open' university. Understanding the practices and legacies that have created these narratives through an examination of the University's history, is particularly important in the present moment when the future public responsibilities of South African universities are being vigorously questions and debated.
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Boshego, Ngwanathaba Angelinah. "Balancing the right to freedom of expression with the right to privacy for public figures." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/62559.
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Lidberg, Johan. "'Keeping the bastards honest': the promise and practice of freedom of information legislation." Thesis, Lidberg, Johan (2006) 'Keeping the bastards honest': the promise and practice of freedom of information legislation. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2006. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/157/.
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In the last decade the number of countries that have enacted Freedom of Information (FOI) laws have increased dramatically. In many respects FOI laws have become a democratic 'right of passage'. No FOI, no 'proper' democracy.
The promises of FOI regimes are far-reaching: access to personal information and increased transparency in the form of third-party independent access to government-held information will prevent corruption and maladministration and encourage the public to participate more fully in the political process. But are the promises borne out by the practice of FOI?
To answer this question this thesis will track a number of real-life FOI requests in five countries. Based on this and other data this project will lay the foundation for the first International Freedom of Information Index, ranking five countries on how their FOI regimes deliver on the promises made. Included in the ranking will also be an evaluation of the legal situation for media whistleblowers and shield laws for journalists.
The thesis will show that it is easier to promise information access than to implement it. It will demonstrate that for most of the countries of study FOI laws serve more as a PR tool projecting an illusion of an informed public, rather than granting real independent access to quality information.
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Lidberg, Johan. "'Keeping the bastards honest' : the promise and practice of freedom of information legislation /." Lidberg, Johan (2006) 'Keeping the bastards honest': the promise and practice of freedom of information legislation. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2006. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/157/.
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In the last decade the number of countries that have enacted Freedom of Information (FOI) laws have increased dramatically. In many respects FOI laws have become a democratic 'right of passage'. No FOI, no 'proper' democracy.
The promises of FOI regimes are far-reaching: access to personal information and increased transparency in the form of third-party independent access to government-held information will prevent corruption and maladministration and encourage the public to participate more fully in the political process. But are the promises borne out by the practice of FOI?
To answer this question this thesis will track a number of real-life FOI requests in five countries. Based on this and other data this project will lay the foundation for the first International Freedom of Information Index, ranking five countries on how their FOI regimes deliver on the promises made. Included in the ranking will also be an evaluation of the legal situation for media whistleblowers and shield laws for journalists.
The thesis will show that it is easier to promise information access than to implement it. It will demonstrate that for most of the countries of study FOI laws serve more as a PR tool projecting an illusion of an informed public, rather than granting real independent access to quality information.
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Antonini, David Robert. "HANNAH ARENDT AND POLITICAL MODERNITY: THE CONCEPT OF THE PUBLIC SPACE." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1547.
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This dissertation takes as its founding premise that modern subjects interpret and experience the political as somehow alienating or other—as a form of experience that is not fundamental but is only significant as a means to some further end. It is common in late modern societies to think of the political as subservient to economic and social ends, and to make it so. In light of this, my dissertation addresses two major problems: the erosion of distinctly political experience in modernity and the attempt to show how such experience can be recovered. By erosion I mean both the deterioration of the “public space,” a political concept that comes from Hannah Arendt, and the general impoverishment of political discourse. I argue, with Arendt, that political experience is recoverable through articulating a concept of the public space in which the need of creating and maintaining it for the sake of political experience as an experience in which freedom can arise. The dissertation is therefore an interpretation and extension of Arendt’s political thought, with a major objective being to seek a path forward in combating the alienation and instrumentality that, I argue, characterizes contemporary citizens’ experience of the political.
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Mason, Kimberly. "Speech on the Web the public forum doctrine and its applicability to the Internet /." Click here for download, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1273107811&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=3260&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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McGravey, Kevin. "Democracy and the divine re-examining the role of religion in the American public /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1328.
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Weaver, Aaron Douglas Hankins Barry. "James M. Dunn and soul freedom a paradigm for Baptist political engagement in the public arena /." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5213.
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Waitekus, Crystal Nicole. "Bridges and barriers promoting U.S. international religious freedom policy in the Middle East through public diplomacy /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/501168553/viewonline.
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Cuillier, David. "Access attitudes : measuring and conceptualizing support for press access to government records." Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2006/d%5Fcuillier%5F041906.pdf.
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Howell, Abigail S. "Media diplomacy the negotiator's dilemma /." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA246739.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 1990.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Brown, R. Mitchell. Second Reader: Teti, Frank M. "December 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on March 29, 2010. DTIC Identifier(s): Media Diplomacy, Negotiation Processes, Media Elite, Freedom Of The Press, Military Elite. Author(s) subject terms: Media Diplomacy, Media Elite, Freedom of the Press, Public Relations, Negotiation Process, Military Elite, Official and Unofficial Practitioners, Methods of Media Diplomacy. Includes bibliographical references (p. 205-226). Also available in print.
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Pearson, Megan Rebecca. "Religious objections to equality laws : reconciling religious freedom with gay rights." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/949/.
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This thesis considers how the law should manage conflicts between religious freedom and the prohibition of sexual orientation discrimination. It starts from the basis that both these rights are valuable and worthy of protection, but that such disputes are often characterised by animosity. It contends that a proportionality analysis provides the best method for resolving these conflicts. In particular, it argues that proportionality is a conciliatory method of reasoning because it provides context-dependent and nuanced answers to these issues, providing scope for re-assessment in future cases, and because it accepts losing claims as in principle as worthy of protection. It is also argued that proportionality is advantageous because it inherently demands justification where rights are infringed. The thesis takes a comparative approach, examining the law in England and Wales, Canada and the USA to demonstrate the clash of rights and to compare how these issues have been dealt with by courts and legislatures. It considers these issues with reference to four areas of law. The first assesses how far employees with discriminatory religious beliefs should be accommodated in the workplace, including whether they should have a right not to perform aspects of their work that are contrary to their beliefs and whether they should be permitted to share their discriminatory views at work. The second considers whether and when religious organisations should be permitted to discriminate in their employment decisions. The third examines how far religious organisations should be permitted to discriminate in providing services, such as charitable services or when hiring out premises, and the fourth whether religious individuals should be allowed to discriminate in the secular marketplace.
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Kiviorg, Merilin. "Freedom of religion or belief : the quest for religious autonomy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6c5916d8-d69d-4f2d-91e5-a5586f8abd4b.
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In this thesis it is argued that while the concept of freedom of religion or belief itself is opaque and difficult to define, the right to religious freedom must contain certain basic factors – most importantly the right to individual (religious) autonomy. The individual autonomy approach is seen here as providing the necessary rationale for the protection of freedom of religion or belief. This rationale is not cemented in stone in the practice of the Convention and this has caused the Court to lose its focus on individual freedom. It is a dangerous tendency. It allows the focus to be placed on the role of the State and leaves freedom of religion or belief to be heavily affected by politics and fluctuating social attitudes. In this regard, this thesis looks for the meaning and scope of individual and collective religious autonomy and how it is and ought to be represented in the practice of the European Court of Human Rights. It is the aim of the author to contribute to a clearer and more principled understanding of Article 9 of the ECHR. The right to individual autonomy is thought to be able to provide the necessary focus for the European Court of Human Rights in creating a more robust framework for the protection of freedom of religion or belief different from current Court practice which shows inconsistency in its reasoning and theoretical chaos. This lack of clarity has also contributed to freedom of religion or belief being a relatively weak right. It is explored here as to how the principle of autonomy (as developed in this thesis) relates to other principles provided by the Court, namely the principle of State neutrality, pluralism and the effective protection of rights, but also the margin of appreciation and the autonomy of religious communities. The individual autonomy centred theoretical framework in the first part of the thesis will be engaged to analyse the conflict in the triangle of state-individual-community explored in the second part.
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Mansfield, Stephen Lee. "Government in a "post-Christian age" religion in American public life /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1988. http://www.tren.com.
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Kartal, Umit. "Public Space Must be Defended: Hannah Arendt's Conception of Politics and The Public Space: Its Promises and Limits." OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/745.
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AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF UMIT KARTAL, for the Master of Arts degree in PHILOSOPHY, presented on September 29, 2011, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: PUBLIC SPACE MUST BE DEFENDED. HANNAH ARENDT'S CONCEPTION OF POLITICS AND THE PUBLIC SPACE: ITS PROMISES AND LIMITS MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Kenneth Stikkers This thesis is an examination of Hannah Arendt's reconsideration of the meaning of politics and her systematic search for the recovery of the public spaces. Her scrutiny of the meaning of politics is determined by the disastrous outcomes of totalitarian experiences from both ends of the political spectrum, namely, Nazism and Stalinism. For Arendt, the phenomenon of totalitarianism deserted the human world and brought new issues forth, such as statelessness, rightlessness, homelessness, and worldlessness. These phenomena, Arendt holds, run parallel to the collapse of the essential articulations of the human condition, which can be distinguished in sheer thoughtlessness, speechlessness, and lack of judgment. It is due to these unprecedented and unanticipated issues, which cannot be addressed by traditional political categories, Arendt invites us to grapple with the meaning of politics anew. The basic definition of politics, for Arendt, is human plurality, namely, our coexistence in a common world which enables differences and diversities of perspectives to appear. The question what politics means, for Arendt, is inextricably tied to what its distinctive locus is, namely, the public space or space of appearances. The emergence of the social resulted in blurring the distinctive line between the public realm and the private realm. Then, the recovery of the public space is of a central place in Arendt's political theory. Through Arendt's reconsideration of the meaning of politics and the recovery of the public space we are provided a comprehensive framework to think about a more inclusive and democratic politics. Nevertheless, we are challenged by a set of problems: a very sharp distinction between the public realm and the private realm, a contrast between the social and political, and a lack of systematic interest in democracy. First, I concentrate on Arendt's insightful analysis of politics and the public space in turn. Then I focus on the problematic aspects of her political theory. Finally, I argue that these problematic aspects can be complemented by a comparative reading of Arendt with John Dewey. I conclude that Dewey offers us a more dynamic criterion to decide the line between the private realm and the public realm. Instead of opposing the social to political, Dewey extends the scope of politics by taking every aspects of social life into consideration. The recovery of the public, for him, depends essentially on democracy, which is identified to the experience of local community.
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Tavares, Inês Ferreira Dias. "Razões religiosas na esfera pública: uma análise teórica e empírica da atuação pentecostal no Poder Legislativo brasileiro." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7722.
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Os marcos da modernidade a secularização e a laicidade tem sido hoje postos em xeque por crescentes movimentos religiosos. As fronteiras entre Estado e religião estão sendo desafiadas e redefinidas. Dentro dessa renovação, coloca-se a questão da possibilidade ou não do uso de razões religiosas na esfera pública. O debate ganha importância no Brasil na medida em que o Pentecostalismo, ramo de Protestantismo em rápida expansão, fez afluir aos quadros do Congresso Nacional um número sem precedentes de candidatos eleitos graças à filiação religiosa. A análise teórica e empírica do uso de razões religiosas e da política pentecostal pretende jogar luz à questão, tendo sempre como paradigma, limite e orientação o fundamento último da liberdade religiosa: a dignidade da pessoa humana.<br>The hallmarks of modernity secularism and laicitë have now been called into question by growing religious movements. The boundaries between state and religion are being challenged and redefined. Within this renewal, the question about using or not religious reasons in the public sphere arises. The debate has great importance in Brazil insofar as Pentecostalism, a rapidly expanding branch of Protestantism, has flocking to the tables of the National Congress an unprecedented number of candidates elected because of their religious affiliation. The theoretical and empirical analyzes of the use of religious reasons and of the Pentecostal politics intends to shed light to the issue, using always as a paradigm, limits and guidance, the ultimate foundation of religious freedom: the dignity of the human person.
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Abusabeib, Hassan Ali Hassan. "Reconciliation of Islamic law with constitutionalism : public freedoms in the 1998 Sudanese Constitution." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433851.
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Feiser, Craig D. "Privatization and freedom of information an analysis of public access to private entities in the United States /." : State University System of Florida, 1998. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/amd0038.
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Fawcett, Eleanor 1978. "At the margins of ordered freedom : the problem of the sidewalk as public space in New York." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65996.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2003.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-105).<br>This thesis is a study of the historical planning discourse concerning New York City's sidewalks. It focuses on the forces within the city that have shaped the sidewalk and attitudes towards it, and the translation of theory and ideals regarding this key public space into planning policy. The sidewalk is defined morphologically by its existence in the marginal space between buildings and road, representing powerful private and public interests respectively. It is demonstrated that key moments in the history of New York's planning affecting the sidewalk were defined by negotiations between these two forces - and conditioned by their agreement over the vision for a lei sured pedestrian experience. These measures, including the invention of new typologies of cleansed public space away from the sidewalk, represent the embodiment of what is termed a 'scientific' form of planning - which seeks to provide rational solutions - such as efficient circulation and increased light and air - to the problem of the city as a system. The work of Jane Jacobs and William Whyte in the 1960s is studied since it represents a critical engagement with the sidewalk, and a reaction against the 'scientific' planning orthodoxy exemplified by the public housing projects of Robert Moses. Jacobs' reappraisal of the social qualities of the existing sidewalks contributed to a reversal of attitudes towards public space within the city; Whyte then aided their translation into planning policy by retroactively applying these criteria to the city's invented typologies of public space. The study then charts the subsequent development of ideas and planning policies, culminating in the contemporary revitalization of the sidewalk through the Business Improvement District. It demonstrates that through the contesting of its legacy, the work of Jacobs and Whyte has suffered a distortion through its assimilation into the older trends which have shaped New York City's sidewalks - the public interest in efficient circulation and the private concern for profitability through attracting customers, both of which ultimately aspire to cleanse and smooth the experience of the city.<br>by Eleanor Fawcett.<br>S.M.