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Sipuka, Msingathi. "Evolution of the African National Congress Youth League: from "freedom in our lifetime" to "economic freedom in our lifetime"." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020832.
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The 1994 democratic elections heralded a significant change in South Africa‟s political and social landscapes. This historic moment, and the subsequent democratic developmental processes that unfolded aimed at laying the foundations for a democratic state, were the culmination of a long history of struggle by the Black majority, in alliance with other social forces, against colonialism and apartheid. One of the significant social forces that emerged as part of this struggle against racial oppression was the African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL). It is argued that the two most important developments in South African politics during the 1940‟s were the emergence of the African National Congress Youth League and the consolidation of its influence on the ANC leadership. The African National Congress Youth League was formed against the background of very distinct circumstances, the first being the worsening economic conditions for the growing African working class and the declining African peasantry. The second was the inability of the African National Congress to respond to the material challenges confronted by the African majority, because of its leadership and organisational weaknesses. The political programme of the ANCYL was rallied under the ideological auspices of African Nationalism, and its organisational programme under the articulated need to build a mass based and campaigning organisation. With a very strong leadership, the ANCYL was able to, within five years, assert its leadership and authority in the ANC with key elements of its manifesto forming significant parts of the ANC Programme. This culminated into the rise of the generational theme of the ANC Youth League of “Freedom in our Lifetime”. Essentially freedom was conceived as the abolishment of formal apartheid, and the delivery of a democratic South Africa. Formal democracy became a reality in South Africa in 1994 and at the helm of the ANC and the new government was the ANC Youth League generation of the 1940‟s. This generation had over fifty years struggled for freedom and 1994 represented the formal victory over apartheid and the attainment of a generational mission. The ushering in of formal democracy in 1994 heightened the expectations of the black majority in terms of its elevation from a point of view of its existing socio-economic realities. Close to twenty years after the end of formal apartheid the reality has been less than satisfactory in terms of addressing these socio-economic realities. What has been observed on the contrary is an increase in key measures such inequality and unemployment. Subsequent to that has been a less than satisfactory performance in the area of economic transformation which has been seen as a critical limiting factor in addressing the legacies of apartheid, particularly among the black majority. These limits to transformation have resulted in discontentment among the majority, claiming that democracy has not yielded to any significant changes in their material lives. The discontentment has been particularly proliferated among the youth, who bear the brunt of social challenges such as unemployment. The ANC Youth League, has had to confront the reality of being of a youth league of a governing party and balancing that with the social discontentment that has developed among South African, particularly the youth, as a result of perceived lack of social transformation. In balancing these two realities, the ANC Youth League has found itself at the centre of South African politics similarly to the 1940s generation of ANC Youth League leaders of the Youth League who had been mobilised under the theme of “Freedom in our Lifetime”. The contradictions within the ANC, of which the ANC Youth League has found itself at the centre of, and the need to become a socially relevant political force have culminated into the birth of a generational theme led by the ANC Youth League of “Economic Freedom in our Lifetime”.
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Kim, Jeana. "Freedom in Christ understanding legalism, license, and liberty : a study for youth /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p068-0579.
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Lundell, Andreas. "Voices of Sri Lanka's Youth : Aspirations and Perceptions of Freedom and Possibilities." Thesis, Växjö : Växjö University. School of Social Sciences, 2008. http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:205939/FULLTEXT01.
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Pick, Rachel. "Youth, sex, and the permissive society : South Wales, c. 1955 - c. 1975." Thesis, Swansea University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.668344.
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Etienne, Leslie K. "A Historical Narrative of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee's Freedom Schools and their Legacy for Contemporary Youth Leadership Development Programming." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1332873568.
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Greany, Kate. "Education as freedom? : a capability-framed exploration of education conversion among the marginalised : the case of out-migrant Karamojong youth in Kampala." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10020673/.
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'Education' - understood to be 'schooling' by mainstream development literature and policy - is widely considered as positively instrumental for people in developing countries. It is thought to 'convert' into development outcomes, including increased income, gender equality, reduced poverty and social mobility. However, recent and long established work questions this positive conversion, especially for people who are marginalised socially, politically and economically. Little work, however, pays attention to how marginalised people themselves construct the value of education, how they understand and interpret what influences its conversion. This study uses the Capability Approach (CA) and data from four months of qualitative fieldwork to explore this question. It does so in relation to a particularly vulnerable and marginalised group in Uganda: out-migrant Karamojong youth in Kampala's slums. Against the backdrop of a critical analysis of CA, the thesis considers three aspects of education conversion for this group. Firstly, how participants construct the value of education, including how they co-construct and 'perform' these values. This construction is connected to collective aspiration and symbolic values of education in light of current and historic social and political exclusion. Secondly, how individual and group capabilities are articulated by youth in relation to education conversion, especially in the context of marginalisation. The data illuminates how group capabilities are inextricably linked to the issue of education conversion, forming a key part of trade-offs in the process. Finally, how the family emerges as central to education conversion and how this leads to conscious and difficult trade-offs in situations of extreme multidimensional poverty. The study argues that such a socially situated and interpretive aspect of education conversion needs more attention. This would complement work which looks at constraints to conversion in terms of overarching, rigid, public structures and resources. Such work ignores important meaning-making around education by marginalised people which, if explored, would offer a valuable window onto their decision-making around education.
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Emitslöf, Emma. "‘The way we are speechless doesn’t mean our heads are empty’ - an analysis of Rwandan hip-hop and its ambivalences as a youth cultural expression tool in Kigali." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturantropologiska avdelningen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-232741.
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Anthropologists have frequently used music in general and popular music in particular as a means to gain a perspective into everyday realities of young Africans lives. Attempting to place myself amongst this range of researchers, I use the position of Rwandan hip-hop as a point of departure to examine how young men in Kigali relate to and shape their realities in terms of politics, freedom of expression, and the creation of space and opportunities in the Rwandan society. My study is based on two and a half months of fieldwork in Kigali during the period between August and October of 2013. The empirical material upon which my arguments rely consists of interviews with young hip-hop Rwandans located in Kigali, who were almost exclusively male. It is also drawn from classical anthropological methods of participant observations and daily partaking in the lives of my informants. My analytical understanding of this material is mainly based upon notions of agency and structure, and contextualized within contemporary Africanist scholars’ research on modern music and youth. By looking at the historical context of Rwanda, the current state of youth in Kigali, and the contemporary atmosphere of politics and hip-hop music, I seek to understand the contradictive role of music as an arena for youth to express themselves. Through the stories of young hip-hop men, I describe and communicate their perceptions of constrains related to historical and socio-political sensitivities, feelings of fear connected to outspokenness, and alternative means to voice their opinions. I illustrate how these young men use innovative strategies and metaphorical language as a way to negotiate with some of these constrains as well as to influence each other and embody senses of oppositional opinions and collective empowerment. I also examine how national politics and governmental initiatives have increasingly become intertwined with the music and how it is trying to take advantage of its attractiveness as a youth medium. Ultimately, I discuss how the impact of Rwandan hip-hop can be seen as double-ended, serving the interests of both governmental policies and the youth who in different ways are trying to liberate themselves from political constrains, and how this affect the empowering potential of the music.
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Gradin, Franzén Anna. "Disciplining Freedom : Treatment Dilemmas and Subjectivity at a Detention Home for Young Men." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Psykologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-106936.
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This ethnographic study explores treatment practices and staff-resident interaction at a detention home for young men, drawing on video recorded conversations and interviews. It investigates ideological dilemmas inherent in the institutional setting and how these produce complex subject positions to uptake, negotiate or refuse. Study I explores a core treatment dilemma: coercion vs. freedom, involving the dual institutional goal of coercing residents into norm abiding behavior and of producing individuals who behave "properly" out of their own free will. It focuses on staff members’ talk about token economy, illuminating rhetorical resources deployed to avoid the troubled subject position of a disciplinarian. Study II investigates disciplinary humor, illuminating how humor is used both to impose and disrupt social order. It shows how staff members and youths skillfully deploy humor in negotiating local hierarchies related to authority, generation, and age. Humor was also found to be a useful way of navigating ideological dilemmas. Study III explores behavior modification practices, focusing on how selfassessment practices can be conceptualized as responsibilization that emphasizes self-regulation. It documents the participants’ engagement in strategic deployment of specific subject position relations, “young boy”-caregiver rather than delinquent-disciplinarian. In brief, the thesis shows that subject positions are essentially co-constructed, and how positions related to age are highly relevant in this institutional setting. Paradoxical aspects of subject positions provide discursive resources that can be deployed to navigate ideological dilemmas such as that of coercion vs. freedom, but also to handle issues of authenticity.Denna etnografiska studie undersöker behandlingspraktiker och interaktion mellan personal och ungdomar på ett särskilt ungdomshem för unga män. Materialet består framförallt av videoinspelad interaktion och intervjuer. I studien utforskas ideologiska dilemman samt hur dessa producerar komplexa subjektspositioner att uppta, förhandla om eller neka. Studie I undersöker ett huvuddilemma: tvång vs. frihet, vilket involverar de dubbla institutionella målen att tvinga ungdomarna till önskvärt beteende och att producera individer som beter sig ”korrekt” av egen fri vilja. Fokus ligger på personalens tal om teckenekonomi och studien synliggör retoriska resurser som används för att undvika positionen ”disciplinär personal”. Studie II utforskar disciplinerande humor och synliggör hur humor används både för att skapa och omskapa den sociala ordningen. Studien visar hur personal och ungdomar skickligt använder humor i förhandlingar om lokala hierarkier relaterade till auktoritet, generation och ålder. Humor var också ett sätt att navigera ideologiska dilemman. Studie III undersöker beteendemodifieringspraktiker, med fokus på hur självutvärdering kan förstås som responsibilisering med fokus på själv-reglering. Studien dokumenterar deltagarnas strategiska användning av specifika subjektspositionsrelationer, ”liten pojke”-vårdare snarare än ungdomsbrottsling-disciplinär personal. Sammantaget visar avhandlingen att subjektspositioner i grunden är samkonstruerade och att positioner rörande ålder är ytterst relevanta i denna kontext. Paradoxala aspekter av subjektspositioner bidrar med diskursiva resurser vilka kan användas för att hantera ideologiska dilemman och för att hantera frågor rörande autenticitet.
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Sousa, Wilson Luiz Lino de 1963. "No circuito dançante de São Caetano do Sul : juventude, liberdade e prazer no lazer noturno urbano." [s.n.], 2000. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/275424.
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Orientador: Heloisa Turini BruhnsDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Fisica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T12:21:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sousa_WilsonLuizLinode_M.pdf: 2983404 bytes, checksum: 90cdd4ad813320da2e549ceb32a81e12 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000
Resumo: Este estudo aborda, por meio de uma análise sociocultural, o lazer dançante noturno em São Caetano do Sul. O enfoque recaiu sobre os espaços das discotecas, Twist's, Duboiê e Atlanta, seus freqüentadores, funcionários e proprietários buscando compreender como estes percebem, experimentam e relacionam-se em suas instalações e nos arredores, identificando, ainda, as principais motivações e interesses. A análise dos dados coletados permitiu identificar a manifestação dos mitos da juventude, da liberdade e do prazer e suas influências quanto à inclusão/exclusão de participantes neste tipo de atividade, bem como, sua importância na construção/manutenção daqueles espaços. As observações e entrevistas tiveram como referência vozes e ações dos sujeitos da pesquisa, agentes dinâmicos na composição do estudo, indicando que nesta manifestação apresentam-se vínculos estabelecidos entre as pessoas, os espaços, e a cidade resignificando-os contínua e mutuamente, permeados de elementos da cultura metropolitana e influenciados pelo momento histórico atual
Abstract: The present study contemplates, by means of a social and cultural analysis, the night time dancing leisure in the City of São Caetano do Sul, in the State of São Paulo. It focuses on the spaces of the night clubs, such as Twist's, Duboiê and Atlanta, their customers, employees and owners, with a view to understanding their the way they realize, experience and relate in their totality, and also concentrates on their main motivations and interests. Through the analysis of the collected data, the manifestation of the myths of youth, freedom and pleasure and their influence as to inclusion/exclusion, in this kind of activity, have become evident, as has their importance in the development and maintenance of such spaces. The remarks and interviews referred to voices and behaviors of the subjects of the research, who have been dynamic agents throughout the composition of this study, indicating herein the presence of bonds set between people, spaces and the city, continuously and mutually granting each other with new meanings, bonds which are permeated with elements of the metropolitan culture and influenced by the current historical moment
Mestrado
Estudos do Lazer
Mestre em Educação Física
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Delgado, Larissa Nóbrega. "Os sentidos atribuídos à juventude, à violência e à justiça por jovens em liberdade assistida em São Paulo/SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47134/tde-01082013-102556/.
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Esse trabalho buscou questionar o nível de percepção de jovens em Medida Socioeducativa de Liberdade Assistida quanto às relações sociais que implicam em sua condição. Também procurou saber se as relações de não reconhecimento e não redistribuição de bens materiais perpassam essa percepção. O objetivo da pesquisa foi compreender os sentidos atribuídos à juventude, à violência e à justiça por jovens nessa condição. A metodologia utilizada foi entrevistas semiestruturadas, grupos de produção de fanzines e observações. Participaram 14 jovens, de 15 à 18 anos, moradores de distritos da periferia de São Paulo/SP. A partir das categorias de análise (juventude, violência e justiça), se identificou que as falas sobre a própria juventude estiveram relacionadas a estereótipos e a percepção de outras pessoas. O desejo de consumo foi referência para a vivência da juventude. Interpretou-se esse desejo como uma busca por respeito e estima. Os sentidos sobre violência e justiça/injustiça foram diversificados, mas alguns se sobressaíram nas falas dos jovens. A violência policial foi interpretada como a mais marcante; os jovens mostraram saber da violação de seus direitos, mas as falas apresentam um sentimento de impotência. Não houve referência à percepção do motivo pelo qual os direitos são violados. Quanto à justiça e a injustiça, não há menção à percepção em termos cognitivos de condições de injustiça, mas se fez presente o sentimento de indignação. Considera-se que as relações de não reconhecimento estiveram mais presentes nas falas do que as de não redistribuiçãoThis work aims to question about the level of perception of youth in supervised freedom about the social relations that imply their condition. It also questioned about if the relations of no recognition and no redistribution pervades this perception. The objective of the research was to understand the meanings attributed by youth in this condition to youth, violence and justice. The methodology includes semi-structured interview, fanzine groups and observations. 14 youths participated. They are 15 to 18 years old and they live in outskirts of São Paulo. Through the categories of analysis (youth, violence and justice) we identified that the speeches about their own youth were related to stereotypes and with peoples perception. The consume desire was a reference to youth experience. We interpreted this desire as they are looking for respect and esteem. The meanings about violence and justice/injustice were diversified, but some of them stood out. Police violence was understood as the most outstanding; youths showed to know about the violation of their rights, but their speeches presented a feeling of impotence. There was no reference to the perception of the reason of their violated rights. About justice and injustice, there was no mention to the perception in cognitive terms about injustice conditions, but there was a feeling of indignation. It is considered that the no recognition relations were more present in the speeches than no redistribution relations
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Nerva, Pedro Craidy. "Em busca de práticas de liberdade na política pública : trabalho educativo." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/104365.
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Realizamos, neste trabalho, um percurso inspirado na genealogia de Michel Foucault, por alguns aspectos que atuam na formulação e execução das políticas públicas para a juventude no Brasil, em geral, e no programa municipal Trabalho Educativo, em específico. Nossa questão foi como podem se dar práticas de liberdade em relação à governamentalidade da política pública voltada para jovens? Buscamos na Abolição da escravatura no país a ocorrência de um discurso de valorização do trabalho e de sua centralidade na organização da sociedade. Encontramos em três decretos federais, em 1891, 1923 e 1927, elementos tanto do surgimento da categoria de “menor” no país quanto de políticas voltadas a esta população. Posteriormente, mapeamos, a partir da elaboração do ECA e da LOAS, a instituição destas leis no Município de Porto Alegre. Fazemos o traçado da criação do programa Trabalho Educativo através da cooperação entre o Conselho Municipal dos Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente e o Núcleo de Pedagogia Popular da UFRGS, em 1994, o subsequente processo de realização do programa e sua incorporação, a partir de 1998, pelo Conselho Municipal de Assistência Social e pela Fundação de Assistência Social e Cidadania. Por fim, realizamos um esboço a respeito do lugar ocupado pelas noções de cidadania, risco e vulnerabilidade nas políticas públicas para a juventude, e problematizamos como atuar junto aos jovens participantes do programa no sentido da busca por práticas de liberdade, fazendo algumas reflexões acerca de como este conceito de Foucault pode auxiliar na relação educativa.We conduct this study, a course inspired by the genealogy of Michel Foucault, through some aspects that operate in the formulation and implementation of public policies for youth in Brazil, in general, and the municipal Educational Work program, in particular. Our question was how can practices of freedom occur in relation to the governamentality of youth public policies? We seek in the abolition of slavery in the country the occurrence of a discourse of valorization of work and its centrality in the organization of society. We look at three federal decrees, made in 1891, 1923 and 1927, both as elements of the emergence of the category of "minor" in the country and as policies aimed at this population. Later, we map, from the institution of ECA and LOAS, the juridical implementation of these laws in the city of Porto Alegre. We track the creation of the Educational Work program through the cooperation between the Municipal Council for the Rights of the Child and the Adolescent and the UFRGS Center of Popular Pedagogy and Popular in 1994, the subsequent process of implementing the program and its incorporation, since 1998, by the City Council of Social Welfare and the Foundation for Social Welfare and Citizenship. Finally, we perform a sketch about the place occupied by the notions of citizenship, risk and vulnerability in public policies for youth, and discuss how to work with the young participants of the program towards the search for practices of freedom, doing some thinking about how Foucault's concept can assist in educational relationship.
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Korpe, Tilia. "Artivism in Tunis - Music and Art as tools of creative resistance & the cultural re: mixing of a revolution." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21621.
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This Thesis explores artistic activism or artivism in the context of youth in post- revolution Tunisia. During and after the Arab Uprisings, the MENA region has experienced a tendency, wherein resistance is undertaken by artivists through in situ art interventions, music, and performances that create ‘new cultural spaces’, in which cultural hybridism through the mix of urban youth subculture, communication and traditional culture, creates new contexts of authenticity. It further investigates how art and activism is used in Tunis as a tool to mirror, provoke or communicate messages that directly or indirectly deal with post-revolution themes, and which mechanisms exist in limitations of artistic freedom of expression.It utilizes concepts of cultural resistance through theorists Stephen Duncombe and discusses the concept artivism as a hybrid term, through Aldo Milohnic. It then delineates subculture, authenticity and hybridization through various theorists and examines Artistic Freedom of Expression through the standpoint of international conventions and reports. The Thesis also analyzes artistic activism, commodification and globalization through a re-contextualization of Theodor Adorno and Walter Benjamin.Guiding this analysis are interrelated points of redefining Arab youth subcultures, through interviews conducted with five young Tunisian artists who combine artistic expression with political commentary and activism. I argue that a new dynamic discourse is shaped in the MENA region through the re-mixing of a cultural narrative which becomes re-contextualized locally, and therefore becomes authentic in a ‘glocal’ context. The Thesis offers analytical contribution to the field of cultural production in a Tunisian political context and adds to the research field of artistic activism.
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Rådelius, Elias. "“Shout to the people the reality, and they dance it!” : A case study on the synergies and challenges between music, youth empowerment, sustainable development and social change in the Gambia." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för konst, kommunikation och lärande, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-36820.
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This case study examines the role of music and music-making for the youth in Brikama, the Gambia in terms of freedom of expression, sustainable development and social change. The study is situated within a project where young musicians with different backgrounds wrote and recorded their own songs during workshops with established musicians. The data was collected via interviews with the participants and instructors, observations and song analysis. The study uses Small’s (1998) theory of musicking to analyze the meaning of the musical events in the social context. Furthermore, it uses theories on the relationship between music and sustainability to analyze the role of music for the youth on an individual-, group- and societal level, but also on an organizational level. The study finds that on all four levels music and music-making holds many of the characteristics required for sustainable development and that it can foster resilience through creativity. However, it also shows that this requires the creation of inclusive spaces with an awareness of the cultural narrative and forces (such as limiting traditional values and gender issues) that might limit the capabilities of individuals, and the society, to reap these benefits. The study also shows how music, with its artistic characteristics, can offer pockets of freedom of expression to a certain but limited extent. Finally, the study shows how music can and should be incorporated more extensively by organizations working for sustainable development and social change, both as a tool to achieve other sustainability agendas, but also for the inherent characteristics of resilience and creativity that is found in music-making itself.Denna fallstudie undersöker musik och musikskapandets roll för ungdomar i Brikama, Gambia, och dess relation till yttrandefrihet, hållbar utveckling och social förändring. Studien är genomförd inom ramen för ett projekt där unga musiker med olika bakgrund komponerade och spelade in sina egna låtar under workshops tillsammans med etablerade musiker. Materialet samlades in genom intervjuer med deltagarna och instruktörer, observationer och textanalys av låtarna. Studien använder sig av Smalls (1998) koncept musicking för att analysera den musikaliska situationens mening i sin sociala kontext. Dessutom används teorier om relationen mellan musik och hållbarhet för att analysera musikens roll för ungdomarna på en individuell-, grupp- och samhällsnivå, men även på en organisationsnivå. Studien visar på alla fyra nivåer att musik och musikskapande innehar många av de karaktärsdrag som krävs för hållbar utveckling och att det kan främja resiliens genom kreativitet. Dock visar studien att inkluderande sammanhang behöver skapas med medvetenhet om den kulturella kontexten. Detta för att kunna navigera de krafter (såsom negativa traditionella värderingar kring genus) som kan begränsa individers deltagande och i slutändan samhällets möjlighet att ta del av fördelarna. Studien visar också hur musik, med sina konstärliga karaktärsdrag, kan erbjuda ett visst utrymme för yttrandefrihet. Slutligen visar studien hur musik kan och bör inkorporeras till större grad av organisationer som arbetar för hållbar utveckling och social förändring, både som ett verktyg för att uppnå hållbarhetsagendor, men även för de inneboende karaktärsdragen resiliens och kreativitet som finns att hitta i själva musikskapandet.
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Hirao, Silvia Eri. "Ser jovem na Cidade Tiradentes: um estudo exploratório." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-16062008-135316/.
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Esta dissertação busca conhecer as formas de vivência da juventude na Cidade Tiradentes a partir de olhares que perpassam as variadas dimensões de constituição do sujeito juvenil, sem localizar seu foco central nas instituições, que têm, em um novo cenário da condição juvenil, compartilhado sua exclusividade de esferas socializadoras e de referência identitária com outras formas de socialização e de construção de identidades. A metodologia utilizada valeu-se da aplicação de questionários e da realização de grupos focais com jovens residentes em Cidade Tiradentes, totalizando o levantamento das opiniões de 80 jovens. As falas discorreram sobre juventude, bairro, cotidiano, lazer, cultura, família, escola, amizade, trabalho, tráfico de drogas e projetos de futuro. A partir desses temas, foram identificadas questões que qualificam a construção de moratórias sociais muito específicas e que acompanham a pluralidade do conceito de juventude. A qualificação dessas moratórias mostra-se vinculada em grande medida às formas de percepção e de reação a julgamentos e a estigmas difundidos pela sociedade e freqüentemente absorvidos pelos jovens. Também se revelam como fatores condicionantes o usufruto do tempo livre; a ligação afetiva dos jovens com o distrito, sendo que aqueles que cresceram no local são muitas vezes aqueles que desejam permanecer; a questão do gênero, como propiciador ou limitador de práticas sociais e ocupação do espaço diferenciada; e a dimensão da moderação, caracterizando a possibilidade de liberdade que pode ser vivida e usufruída e que qualifica a condição juvenil na Cidade Tiradentes.This work aims to understand the living conditions and the experiences of youth in Cidade Tiradentes, a poor district in the periphery of Sao Paulo, Brazil. It will provide a general overview on the theme by analyzing speeches of young people who took part in discussion groups organized especially for this work. This paper\'s approach considered a wide range of aspects that contribute to the constitution of a young person. It thus avoided focusing only on institutions (which used to be the main socializing space and the main provider of identity references for youth, but has recently been sharing this role with other actors). The methodology of this work included questionnaires and discussion groups, gathering the opinion of 80 young Cidade Tiradentes dwellers. The speeches comprised a variety of themes, such as youth, neighborhood, daily activities, leisure, culture, family, school, friendship, work, drugs and projects for the future. Through the analisys of youth speeches, it was possible to identify several aspects that build social moratoriums for these audiences. These moratoriums are strongly related to perceptions and reactions about judgments and stigma disseminated by the media and society. In addition, other components guiding youth development were identified: the use of free time; the affectionate relationship with the district (those who grew up there were also those who did not intend to move out of the district); gender, which plays an important role in defining social practices and the use of space; and the dimension of moderation, which refers to ways of free living in this district that characterize youth condition in Cidade Tiradentes.
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Haverig, Anika. ""Should I stay or should I go?" - The pushes and pulls around the OE in New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Sociology and Anthropology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/963.
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The OE is a working holiday phenomenon in New Zealand that shapes the life experiences of many young adults. "Should I stay or should I go?" critically engages with this social phenomenon by approaching it as simultaneously an opportunity for freedom and choice and a field of rules, regulations, and constraints. The analysis of the OE offered in this thesis draws on Foucauldian understandings of power and discourse and, more particularly, Nikolas Rose's approach to governance through freedom and the constitution of subjects in advanced liberal democracies. By using these theoretical resources, it investigates how the OE is discursively constructed as a life course experience through which power operates via the promises of freedom and choice. A combination of substantive resources, including existing academic literature, print and virtual media, questionnaires, web-based discussions, and conversations with young New Zealanders planning to pursue an OE are used to illustrate how many of them are governed as they embrace the freedoms associated with the OE. The use of Foucault facilitates an understanding of the discourses through which young New Zealanders are constituted and constitute themselves as OE travellers. Attention is also paid to the ways in which the actions of authorities - governments, non-state organisations, and commercial travel operators - contribute to the regulatory environments and social imaginaries that shape young adults' experiences of the OE.
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Isaksson, Ida. "Ungdomars egna upplevelser om relationerna till sina föräldrar : ”Det finns inget härligare än att jag står så nära mina föräldrar” Sandra, 14 år." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Barn- och ungdomsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-102063.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med detta examensarbete har varit att undersöka hur ungdomar upplever betydelsen av sina föräldrars engagemang för ungdomarnas eget välbefinnande. Hur tillgängliga upplever ungdomarna att deras föräldrar är; hur upplever ungdomarna deras samspel med föräldrarna och hur upplever ungdomarna det sociala stöd de får från sina föräldrar? I studien har åtta ungdomar intervjuats om hur de upplever sina föräldrars engagemang och samspel. Av intervjuerna har det bland annat framkommit att samtliga ungdomar ville spendera mer tid med sina föräldrar, att de ville ha möjligheten att prata med sina föräldrar om allt och att de gärna gjorde saker tillsammans. I diskussionen dras slutsatser att ungdomarna i denna studie upplevde att de mådde bättre om de hade möjligheten att pratar med sina föräldrar. Ungdomarna upplevde att bland annat gemensamma intressen, föräldrarnas involvering i ungdomarnas vardag och mängden tid de spenderade tillsammans byggde upp en trygg grund i deras relation och ungdomarna upplevde då att de kunde prata med sina föräldrar.The aim of the study was to exam how youth experience the importance of their parent’s engagement on their own wellbeing. How available do the children experience that their parents are; how do the children experience their interaction with their parents and how do the children experience the social support they get from their parents? The youth in this study consisted of eight girls and boys that talked about how they experience their parent’s engagement and interaction. From the interviews it emerged that all of the adolescents wanted to spend more time together with their parents, that they wanted to have the chance to talk to their parents about everything and to do things together. The conclusion is that the youth in this study experienced that they felt better if they had the chance to talk to their parents. The youth experienced that inter alia common interests, the parent’s involvement in everyday life and the amount of time they spend together, established a safe base in their relationship and in which the youth perceived that they could talk to their parents.
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Moreira, Fábio Aparecido. "A política de educação de jovens e adultos em regimes de privação da liberdade no estado de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-16062008-103043/.
Full textAbstract:
Esta pesquisa é realizada por profissional que há quatorze anos vem trabalhando em programas de educação nos presídios do Estado de São Paulo e consiste em uma análise crítica acerca das práticas de Educação de adultos presos no Estado de São Paulo, especialmente as práticas desenvolvidas a partir da década de 80 do Século XX pela Funap. Historiamos o processo de constituição do quadro de educadores que atuam no sistema penitenciário do Estado, problematizamos a condição de precariedade em que desenvolvem este trabalho e apontamos os obstáculos para que esta experiência seja transformada em uma política pública de Educação de Adultos Presos. O trabalho é também uma tentativa de aprofundar a investigação sobre as políticas para a Educação de Jovens e Adultos em Regimes de Privação da Liberdade, praticamente inexistente, tanto na Secretaria da Administração Penitenciária quanto na Secretaria Estadual de Educação. O texto apresenta uma breve reflexão sobre as funções atribuídas à pena e à prisão, aproximações entre a Educação de Jovens e Adultos e a Educação de Adultos Presos e subsidia a reflexão sobre a especificidade desse trabalho para esta área no Estado de São Paulo, com o levantamento do quadro de educadores hoje existente no Estado, selecionando-se uma amostra para a pesquisa qualitativa. Finalmente, a pesquisa aponta os caminhos para que a Educação de Adultos Presos no Estado de São Paulo possa ser efetivada como uma política pública que garanta às pessoas privadas da liberdade o direito à Educação pública, gratuita e de qualidade, previsto tanto na Constituição Federal e na Lei de Execução Penal quanto na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação.This research is made by a professional who is working about fourteen years in education programs in the prisons in the São Paulo State and consists in a critical analysis about the practices of education of adult inmates, specially the actions made since the 80\'s by Funap. We have studied the history of the constitution process of this staff of teachers who works in the prison system of São Paulo State, we have made an analysis about the precarity of conditions in which they teach and we have pointed the obstacles for that experience would be transformed in a public policy of Education of Inmate Adults. This work is too an attempt to go deeper into the investigation about Education of Adults in Freedom Deprive Regimes, nearly nonexistent, as much in the State Secretary of Prison Administration as in the State Secretary of Education. The text presents a brief reflection about the functions which the society hopes from the sentence and the prison, the approaches between the Younkers and Adults Education and the Inmate Adults Education and improve the reflection about the specificity of this work and training for the teachers for the Inmate Adults Education in the São Paulo State, with the survey of the teachers staff who exists currently in this state, selecting a sample for the qualitative research. Finally, the research points the ways for the Inmate Adults Education in the São Paulo state could be stated how a public policy which could assure for the inmate people the right to a public Education, free and with high quality. This right is predicted as in the sentence execution Law as in the Brazilian Constitution and the educational laws.
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Dantas, Newton José de Oliveira. "Marketing de alimentos e obesidade infantil: diretrizes para regulamentação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6138/tde-01122015-115050/.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução - A obesidade infantil está pautada como assunto de saúde pública e exige a análise, implementação e avaliação de novas intervenções. O marketing é apontado como um dos fatores que interferem no aumento do índice de sobrepeso e de obesidade da população. As estratégias de comunicação publicitária se utilizam de processos cognitivos para determinar, através de elementos emocionais do receptor, a escolha e o consumo de alimentos não saudáveis, já que os publicitários respondem à demanda das empresas que buscam lucrar com seus produtos. Já se afirma que a regulamentação legal do marketing dos alimentos infantis não saudáveis deve ser adotada como instrumento de política pública na prevenção da obesidade. Assim, justifica-se a investigação de quais seriam as formas mais apropriadas para regular esse tipo de marketing no Brasil, de forma a garantir o direito à saúde e à alimentação adequada e saudável. Objetivo - Analisar o papel do marketing como um dos determinantes da obesidade infantil, buscando apontar, no campo jurídico, estratégias para a sua regulamentação no Brasil. Métodos - Revisão de literatura, análise de textos legislativos e de programas adotados para controle da obesidade infantil, além de entrevistas com representantes de entidades e profissionais diretamente ligados à implementação de políticas públicas, nacionais e internacionais, de controle da nutrição e saúde infantil, bem como de proteção dos direitos do consumidor infanto-juvenil. A interpretação dos dados levantados deu-se através do método científico dedutivo. Resultados - O crescente índice de obesidade no Brasil está demonstrado através de pesquisa nacional. A presença de alimentos no mercado com excesso de sal, gordura e açúcar precisa ser controlada. As teorias de comunicação explicam a influência do marketing na decisão emocional do consumidor. Os direitos à saúde e à alimentação adequada e saudável estão previstos na Constituição Federal. Conclusão - A regulamentação legal do marketing de alimentos não saudáveis é juridicamente possível e suas diretrizes devem focar os alimentos processados e ultraprocessados, além dos fatores que facilitam a persuasão da criança, impedindo o uso de elementos emocionais.Introduction - Childhood obesity is considered a public health issue and requires the analysis, implementation and evaluation of new interventions. Marketing is considered as one of the factors that play a role in the increase of overweight and obesity rates in the population. Advertisement strategies use cognitive processes to determine, by means of emotional elements of the receptor, the choice and consumption of unhealthy foods, since advertisement professionals respond to the demand of companies willing to make a profit by selling their their products. The regulation of the marketing of unhealthy foods for children must be adopted as a public policy instrument for the prevention of obesity. Thus, we should investigate what are the most appropriate ways to regulate this kind of marketing in Brazil to guarantee the right to health and to adequate and healthy foods. Objective - Analyze the role of marketing as one of the determinants of childhood obesity, and try to identify legal strategies for its regulation in Brazil. Methods - Literature review, analysis of legal texts and programs implemented for the control of childhood obesity and interviews with representatives of institutions and professionals directly related to the implementation of public national and international policies for the control of childhood nutrition and health, as well as the protection of children and youth consumer rights. Deductive scientific method was used to interpret data. Results - Increasing obesity rates have been demonstrated by national surveys. The presence of foods with excessive salt, fat and sugar in market must be controlled. Communication theories explain the influence of marketing in the emotional decision of consumers. The right to health and to adequate and healthy foods is determined by the Federal Constitution. Conclusion - It is possible to regulate the marketing of unhealthy foods according to the law. The guidelines for regulation must focus on processed and ultra processed foods and the factors that facilitate persuasion of children, by prohibiting the use of emotional elements.
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Marsh, Charity. "Raving cyborgs, queering practices, and discourses of freedom : the search for meaning in Toronto's rave culture /." 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNR11596.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in Musicology and Ethnomusicology.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 255-268). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNR11596
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Jenkins, Christine. "The strength of the inconspicuous youth services librarians, the American Library Association, and intellectual freedom for the young, 1939-1955 /." 1995. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/34827306.html.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1995.Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 672-719).
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Carvalho, Ana Isabel Tomé de. "Protecção de crianças e jovens em Portugal." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/16764.
Full textAbstract:
The causes of children rights and youth rights have been the focus of our attention. The ideals of freedom and justice accompany us in our daily lives and, as such, this thesis aims to study the questions of major importance in the field of children and youth protection in Portugal which deserve deep and serious reflection. We shall start with a brief theoretical framework of the evolution of the rights of children and youth in Portugal, defining some concepts. This will be followed by an analysis of all relevant Portuguese legislation, which will set out its fields of application, measures, objectives and underlying principles. There are multiple reasons to raise awareness to the importance of the topics that will be treated and to the necessity and urgency of thinking about an effective promotion and protection of children and youth in Portugal.
Keywords: children,As causas dos direitos das crianças e dos jovens têm concentrado as nossas atenções. Os ideais de liberdade e de justiça acompanham-nos no nosso quotidiano e, como tal, a elaboração desta dissertação visa o estudo de matérias da maior importância no domínio da protecção das crianças e jovens em Portugal e que merecem reflexão profunda e séria. Será, primeiramente, realizado um breve enquadramento teórico da evolução dos direitos das crianças e dos jovens em Portugal, definindo alguns conceitos, analisando-se de seguida toda a legislação portuguesa relevante, enunciando-se os respectivos campos de aplicação, as medidas, os objectivos e os princípios subjacentes. Existem múltiplas razões para alertarmos as consciências para a importância dos temas que iremos tratar e da necessidade e da urgência de pensarmos numa eficaz promoção e protecção das crianças e jovens em Portugal.
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Floersch, Danielle Nevada. "Rural gendered youth perceptions : food-security, capabilities, rights and freedoms : a case study of northern KwaZulu-Natal." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/6806.
Full textAbstract:
This case study is a documentation of localised gendered and youth perspectives
regarding food-(in)security, capabilities, rights and freedom. This dissertation explores localised
youth and gendered perceptions of food-security by applying Amartya Sen‟s capabilities
approach. The research is situated within the village of Mboza, the peri-urban locale of Ndumo,
and the town of Jozini, oriented within the Makhathini region of the Pongola floodplain of
Northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. In this context, perceptions of capabilities, rights, and
food-security are seemingly based on normative views of rights aligning with South Africa‟s
constitutional first and second generations rights. Additionally, it is noted that perceptions and
aspirations are impacted by socio-historical and economic dynamics that have resulted in
segregated places and constrained opportunities. Practically and ideologically speaking, the state
historically played a role in shaping these dynamics. Perceptions are further influenced by
normalised capitalist ideals relating to consumption, socio-economic mobility, and success.
The research explores whether post-apartheid South Africa‟s incorporation of a rightsbased
approach to development has influenced expectations and thus affected perspectives on the
roles of: the state, communities, and individuals; in securing the right to food. In this manner,
perceptions of food, a primary need necessary for a quality of life with dignity, may be extended
to assess the degree of politicisation of basic needs by people in this context.
South Africa has undergone a liberal democratic transition and embraces the ideology of
human rights. However, the right to food, and the “expansion of the „capabilities‟ of persons to
lead the kind of lives they value—and have reason to value”1 lays enmeshed within the rural
development dilemma, the language of human rights and freedoms, and the developmental
objectives of the South African State.Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2012.
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Müllerová, Kateřina. "Žákovská samospráva Obchodní akademie, vyšší odborné školy cestovního ruchu a jazykové, Karlovy Vary." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-351383.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis deals with student participation in the life of the school and more specifically with the work of student self-administration. The goal of the theoretical part is to define the concept of student participation and all its accessible forms. To outline the life of students self-administrations and present a current picture of the issue of student participation in the Czech Republic. To compare international experience with the work of student self-administration, as mainly in the course of the last couple of years there have been changes in thinking about student participation. The theoretical context serves as a basis for the empirical part of the paper. The main goal of the investigation is to analyze and describe the work of student self-administration at a chosen high school. The research also describes what possibilities and limits students as well as the management and teachers feel there are in relation to successful operation of student self-administration. The research was realized using a mixed qualitative/quantitative model (QUAN - QVAL scheme). The sample comprises of students, members of the student self-administration, teachers and management of a chosen high school.
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Santos, Maira Renata Chaves dos. "Proteção de crianças e jovens em perigo." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/85188.
Full textAbstract:
The topics on the laws of children and youngster’s rights are frequent in our daily lives. As such, this dissertation will focus on the issue regarding the revision of the main measures of promotion and protection of children and youngsters in danger. After a brief and essential discussion on the child's legal and historical treatment, as well as on the evolution of children's and youngsters’ rights in the International, European and national context, and after an analysis of some concepts, we will study the Law on Protection of Children and Young Persons in Danger. Its scope and its guiding principles will be analyzed, as well as the legal regime of the promotion and protection measures and the norms regulating the possibility of their revision. The topics we are discussing are of paramount importance to those who aspire and seek a more effective justice system regarding children's issues. In the 21st century, children are still deprived of their most basic rights, such as education, health, safety, housing and leisure. Cases of violence, delinquency, poverty, neglect, discrimination, sexual abuse and child labor are frequent, and reveal the precariousness of the public policy for children which does not exclusively concern developing countries. The prosperity of a child’s world is put in jeopardy when, from young age, children must face social inequality which partly deprives them of their rights and freedoms. Such social asymmetries allow us to question: Which world do we have to offer to our children?As temáticas do Direito das Crianças e dos Jovens são frequentes no nosso quotidiano e, como tal, a presente dissertação que agora é apresentada tem como tema a Revisão das Medidas de promoção de direitos e proteção de crianças e jovens em perigo. Após breves e indispensáveis considerações sobre o estatuto histórico-jurídico da criança, bem como a evolução do Direito da Criança e do jovem no contexto internacional, europeu e nacional, definindo-se alguns conceitos, passaremos à análise da Lei de Proteção de Crianças e Jovens em perigo, enunciando-se o respetivo campo de aplicação, os princípios norteadores da intervenção, bem como as medidas de promoção e proteção e o seu regime de revisão. Os temas que nos propomos tratar revestem-se de especial importância para aqueles que aspiram e almejam uma justiça eficiente para as questões da infância. Tem-se negado às crianças, em pleno século XXI, os seus direitos mais elementares como educação, saúde, segurança, habitação e lazer. Casos de violência, delinquência, pobreza, negligência, discriminação, abusos sexuais, trabalho e exploração infantil são frequentes e gritantes, e revelam a precariedade das políticas públicas para a infância, que não correspondem a uma realidade exclusiva de países em desenvolvimento. A riqueza do mundo infantil fica comprometida quando desde tenra idade as crianças têm de enfrentar desigualdades sociais que lhes retiram em parte os seus direitos e liberdades inerentes à dignidade da pessoa humana. Tais assimetrias sociais permitem-nos questionar: Qual será o mundo que temos a oferecer às nossas crianças?
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PAREISOVÁ, Lenka. "Mládež a její morálka ve vztahu k současné společnosti." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-110429.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis deals with the moral thinking of youth in its adolescent age. The first part deals with the basic ethic terms and with historical development of ethic thinking. The thesis deals further with determinants, which influence the moral development of thinking of a man including primary and secondary socialisation and the influence of a state. The theoretical part ends with a chapter dealing with the psychological aspects of development of moral judgement, where are described the particular stages of moral development according to Lawrence Kohlberg. The practical part deals with the research in a given group according to Kohlberg. The research is made with regard to family background of an individual. Except for reactions to Heinz´s dilemma, there are researched the differences between moral attitudes of men and women and the differences between individuals coming from villages or cities. The aim of this thesis is to judge, if it is possible from the stage of a moral judgement of the researched adoloscents, judge a relation according to the context of their experience in the family. The research showed some influences to moral thinking of a man, but it is not possible to determine the convincing conclusions. The man is to complicated human being, whose moral quality shows the concrete and practical situation only.