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Journal articles on the topic 'Freehand Technique'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Rahmma Eka Adi Susanti and Rahmiati Rahmiati. "Studi Perbandingan Hasil Teknik Freehand Nail Art dengan Teknik Stamping Nail Art." Nian Tana Sikka : Jurnal ilmiah Mahasiswa 3, no. 3 (2025): 66–77. https://doi.org/10.59603/niantanasikka.v3i3.864.

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This study aims to determine the differences in nail art results using the freehand technique and the stamping technique on artificial nails, reviewed from four aspects, namely neatness, color evenness, preference, and aesthetics. The research method used is a quantitative experiment involving 80 artificial nails, 40 artificial nails with the freehand technique and 40 artificial nails with the stamping technique. The assessment was carried out by a panel consisting of lecturers, beauty industry practitioners, and students of Makeup and Beauty at Padang State University. Data were obtained thro

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Zhou, Zhenhai, Zhimin Zeng, Honggui Yu, et al. "The three-dimensional printed template guided technique for S2 alar iliac screw placement and a comparison with freehand technique." Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery 28, no. 3 (2020): 230949902096711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2309499020967110.

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Purpose: Sacropelvic fixation continues to present challenges when involved in the adult spinal deformity correction. The S2 alar iliac (S2AI) fixation is commonly used in sacropelvic fixation. Several techniques, including intraoperative navigation and freehand technique, were used for S2AI screws placement. The aim of this study is to analyze the anatomic parameters for S2AI screw trajectory in Asian population and introduce a novel technique described as a three-dimensional printed template guided technique (TGT). Meanwhile, the accuracy and safety of this technique were compared with the c

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O’Neill, Christopher K. J., Janet C. Hill, Christopher C. Patterson, Dennis O. Molloy, Harinderjit S. Gill, and David E. Beverland. "Reducing variability in apparent operative inclination during total hip arthroplasty: findings of a randomised controlled trial." HIP International 28, no. 3 (2018): 234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1120700018777485.

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Aims: To determine which of 3 methods of cup insertion most accurately achieved a target apparent operative inclination (AOI) of 35° ± 2.5°: (1) Freehand; (2) Modified Mechanical Alignment Guide (MAG); or (3) Digital Inclinometer assisted. Methods: Using a cementless cup via a posterior approach in lateral decubitus 270 participants were recruited, with 90 randomised to each method. The primary outcome was the unsigned deviation from target AOI. The digital inclinometer was used to measure AOI in all cases, though the surgeon remained blinded to the reading intraoperatively for both the Freeha

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YOKOSUKA, Kimihiko, Masaaki UNO, Kazuhiro HIRANO, Hiroyuki TOI, Kazuhito MATSUZAKI, and Shunji MATSUBARA. "Freehand Technique for Putaminal Hemorrhage." Neurologia medico-chirurgica 51, no. 7 (2011): 543–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2176/nmc.51.543.

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Wilson, Thomas J., William R. Stetler, Wajd N. Al-Holou, and Stephen E. Sullivan. "Comparison of the accuracy of ventricular catheter placement using freehand placement, ultrasonic guidance, and stereotactic neuronavigation." Journal of Neurosurgery 119, no. 1 (2013): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2012.11.jns111384.

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Object The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of 3 methods of ventricular catheter placement during CSF shunt operations: the freehand technique using surface anatomy, ultrasonic guidance, and stereotactic neuronavigation. Methods This retrospective cohort study included all patients from a single institution who underwent a ventricular CSF shunting procedure in which a new ventricular catheter was placed between January 2005 and March 2010. Data abstracted for each patient included age, sex, diagnosis, method of ventricular catheter placement, site and side of ventricular cat

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Arab, Abdullah, Fahad Alkherayf, Adam Sachs, and Eugene Wai. "Use of 3D Navigation in Subaxial Cervical Spine Lateral Mass Screw Insertion." Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports 79, no. 01 (2018): e1-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1624574.

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Objective Cervical spine can be stabilized by different techniques. One of the common techniques used is the lateral mass screws (LMSs), which can be inserted either by freehand techniques or three-dimensional (3D) navigation system. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the difference between the 3D navigation system and the freehand technique for cervical spine LMS placement in terms of complications. Including intraoperative complications (vertebral artery injury [VAI], nerve root injury [NRI], spinal cord injury [SCI], lateral mass fracture [LMF]) and postoperative complications (screw

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Shi, Rongkai, Yushi Wei, Xuning Hu, et al. "Experimental Analysis of Freehand Multi-object Selection Techniques in Virtual Reality Head-Mounted Displays." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 8, ISS (2024): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3698129.

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Object selection is essential in virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays (HMDs). Prior work mainly focuses on enhancing and evaluating techniques for selecting a single object in VR, leaving a gap in the techniques for multi-object selection, a more complex but common selection scenario. To enable multi-object selection, the interaction technique should support group selection in addition to the default pointing selection mode for acquiring a single target. This composite interaction could be particularly challenging when using freehand gestural input. In this work, we present an empirical

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Faldini, C., G. Viroli, M. Fiore, et al. "Power-assisted pedicle screws placement: Is it as safe and as effective as manual technique? Narrative review of the literature and our technique." MUSCULOSKELETAL SURGERY 105, no. 2 (2021): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12306-021-00714-x.

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AbstractPedicle screws are the gold standard in spine surgery, allowing a solid tricolumnar fixation which is unmatched by hooks and wires. The freehand technique is the most widely adopted for pedicle screws placing. While freehand technique has been classically performed with manual tools, there has been a recent trend toward the use of power tools. The aim of this review is to summarize and expose potential risks and advantages of power pedicle screws placing. The literature showed that the use of power tools offers an acceptable safety profile, comparable to manual technique. With an adequ

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Razavi, Christopher R., Paul R. Wilkening, Rui Yin, et al. "Applied Force during Piston Prosthesis Placement in a 3D-Printed Model: Freehand vs Robot-Assisted Techniques." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 160, no. 2 (2018): 320–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599818815144.

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Objectives To describe a 3D-printed middle ear model that quantifies the force applied to the modeled incus. To compare the forces applied during placement and crimping of a stapes prosthesis between the Robotic ENT Microsurgery System ( REMS) and the freehand technique in this model. Study Design Prospective feasibility study. Setting Robotics laboratory. Subjects and Methods A middle ear model was designed and 3D printed to facilitate placement and crimping of a piston prosthesis. The modeled incus was mounted to a 6–degree of freedom force sensor to measure forces/torques applied on the inc

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Herrera Palacios, Cristóbal, Armando Fabio Ramos Guerrero, Gustavo Casas Martínez, Alfredo Javier Moheno Gallardo, and Silvestre Fuentes Figueroa. "LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IN THE PLACEMENT OF TRANSPEDICULAR SCREWS IN SUBAXIAL CERVICAL SPINE." Coluna/Columna 15, no. 2 (2016): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1808-185120161502155441.

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ABSTRACT The high-energy trauma mainly involves vertebral lesions and 6% occur in the cervical region. This poses a challenge to spine surgeons in surgical decision-making, both in terms of approach as the instrumentation. International recommendations establish that the procedures performed are reproducible, safe, and effective. The techniques for placement of pedicle screws are complicated and have been based on intraoperative navigation (limited by cost) and fluoroscopy (greater exposure of health care professionals and patients to radiation). Therefore, the freehand technique is an option.

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Bishbish Zeino, Omran, Yoon Jeong Kim, Joseph Kan, and Jaime Lozada. "The Use of Dynamic Navigation for the Placement of Zygoma Implants: A Cadaver Study to Compare Accuracy." Journal of Oral Implantology 50, no. 6 (2024): 644–52. https://doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-24-00026.

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This study aimed to compare the angular, platform, and apical deviation of zygoma implants placed with the aid of a dynamic navigation (DN) device compared with the implants placed freehand. Eight cadaver heads were used for the study. Preoperative cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) scans were made for the heads, and an implant-planning software was used to plan zygoma implants bilaterally in each scanned head. A total of 16 zygoma implants were placed using each surgical technique. Postimplant CBCT scans were merged with the preoperative plan to evaluate and compare the accuracy of the

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Zhao, Shaolu. "CONTEMPORARY FREEHAND PAINTING: PHILOSOPHICAL AND CULTURAL ANALYSIS." International Journal of Advanced Studies in Language and Communication 7, no. 2 (2024): 44–51. https://doi.org/10.12731/ijaslc253.

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The purpose of this paper is to explore the philosophical and cultural connotations of Chinese freehand painting, and to analyze its status and role in contemporary art. Chinese freehand painting is not only a painting technique, but also a cultural attitude and spiritual pursuit, which is deeply influenced by Taoist thought, emphasizing the natural expression of emotions and far-reaching artistic conception in the style of painting. This paper traces the historical background of freehand painting, analyzes the influence of its cultural factors on contemporary art, and discusses the main philo

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Xu, Yongqiang, Zhuoqun Li, Zhao Zhang, Haitao Zhang, and Pengfei Liu. "Neuroendoscopy-Assisted Entire-Process Visualization Technique of Ventricular Puncture for External Ventricular Drainage." Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 35, no. 4 (2024): 1201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000010146.

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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the neuroendoscopy-assisted entire-process visualization technique (NEAEVT) of ventricular puncture for external ventricular drainage. Methods: Eighty-eight patients with cerebral hemorrhage who underwent unilateral ventricular puncture for external ventricular drainage in our hospital from June 2021 to June 2023 were analyzed. Patients were grouped according to puncture technique: NEAEVT (30 patients), freehand (30 patients), and laser-navigation-assisted (28 patients). Operation time, drainage tube placement,

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Irianto, Komang Agung, and Marquee Kenny Tumbelaka. "A case series of eight scoliosis patients undergone pedicle screw placement with freehand technique: study for safety and accuracy." Medical Journal of Indonesia 29, no. 2 (2020): 222–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.13181/mji.cr.191978.

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BACKGROUND Pedicle screws and rods are routinely inserted in the vertebrae thoracic to lumbar in scoliosis reconstruction surgery to gain deformity correction and fusion. Intraoperative imaging is often needed to ensure accuracy, but surgical time will be longer and there will be more radiation exposure. Meanwhile, freehand technique is accepted as safe. This study was aimed to evaluate the accuracy of screw insertion in the freehand technique used in adolescent scoliosis surgery. METHODS This case series evaluated a total of 127 pedicle screws inserted using the freehand technique in 8

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Giovannini Riso, Giovanni, Javier Flores-Fraile, Gianmarco Perrone, et al. "Evaluation of Computer-Aided Navigation and Augmented Reality for Bicortical Mini-Implant Placement in Maxillary Expansion: An In Vitro Study." Bioengineering 12, no. 7 (2025): 703. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12070703.

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The objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare the accuracy of the computer-aided static navigation technique (NAV), augmented reality (AR) and freehand placement technique (FHT) for the bicortical orthodontic self-drilling mini-implants for maxillary skeletal expansion (MSE) appliances placed in palate. Material and Methods: A total of 120 bicortical orthodontic self-drilling mini-implants were placed in the palate of ten 3D printed anatomically based polyurethane models of a completely edentulous upper maxilla. The orthodontic mini-implants were randomly assigned to the follo

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Van Gestel, Frederick, Taylor Frantz, Cédric Vannerom, et al. "The effect of augmented reality on the accuracy and learning curve of external ventricular drain placement." Neurosurgical Focus 51, no. 2 (2021): E8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2021.5.focus21215.

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OBJECTIVE The traditional freehand technique for external ventricular drain (EVD) placement is most frequently used, but remains the primary risk factor for inaccurate drain placement. As this procedure could benefit from image guidance, the authors set forth to demonstrate the impact of augmented-reality (AR) assistance on the accuracy and learning curve of EVD placement compared with the freehand technique. METHODS Sixteen medical students performed a total of 128 EVD placements on a custom-made phantom head, both before and after receiving a standardized training session. They were guided b

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Onogi, Shinya, Kohji Masuda, and Makoto Hashizume. "Freehand 3D Ultrasound Technique for Ultrasound Navigation." Journal of Japan Society of Computer Aided Surgery 21, no. 2 (2019): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5759/jscas.21.75.

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Hazrati, Ezatollah. "A freehand technique for harvesting dermal grafts." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 88, no. 2 (1991): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199108000-00086.

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Cardon, Maj O. P., and Col V. W. Farhood. "A freehand technique for harvesting dermal grafts." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 48, no. 9 (1990): 1009–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-2391(90)90023-u.

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Snow, S. N. "Freehand skin grafts using the shave technique." Archives of Dermatology 127, no. 5 (1991): 633–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archderm.127.5.633.

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Snow, Stephen N. "Freehand Skin Grafts Using the Shave Technique." Archives of Dermatology 127, no. 5 (1991): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archderm.1991.01680040041003.

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Barth, Johannes, Achilleas Boutsiadis, Lionel Neyton, Laurent Lafosse, and Gilles Walch. "Can a Drill Guide Improve the Coracoid Graft Placement During the Latarjet Procedure? A Prospective Comparative Study With the Freehand Technique." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 5, no. 10 (2017): 232596711773421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967117734218.

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Background: One of the factors that can affect the success of the Latarjet procedure is accurate coracoid graft (CG) placement. Hypothesis: The use of a guide can improve placement of the CG and screw positioning in the sagittal and axial planes as compared with the classic open (“freehand”) technique. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 49 patients who underwent a Latarjet procedure for the treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder instability were prospectively included; the procedure was performed with the freehand technique in 22 patients (group 1) and with

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Kim, Woojoo, and Shuping Xiong. "TouchView: Mid-Air Touch on Zoomable 2D View for Distant Freehand Selection on a Virtual Reality User Interface." Sensors 24, no. 22 (2024): 7202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24227202.

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Selection is a fundamental interaction element in virtual reality (VR) and 3D user interfaces (UIs). Raycasting, one of the most common object selection techniques, is known to have difficulties in selecting small or distant objects. Meanwhile, recent advancements in computer vision technology have enabled seamless vision-based hand tracking in consumer VR headsets, enhancing accessibility to freehand mid-air interaction and highlighting the need for further research in this area. This study proposes a new technique called TouchView, which utilizes a virtual panel with a modern adaptation of t

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Laohavichitra, Kannikar, Jerasak Wannaprasert, and Thawee Ratanachu-ek. "Outcomes of Endoscopic Ultrasound-guided Gastroenterostomy Using Lumen-apposing Metal Stent in the Treatment of Malignant and Benign Gastric Outlet Obstruction: A Case Series." Siriraj Medical Journal 76, no. 4 (2024): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33192/smj.v76i4.267242.

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Objective: To study the outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) using lumenapposing metal stent (LAMS) in patients with benign and malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). Materials and Methods: This single-center study retrospectively reviewed the medical records of benign and malignant GOO patients who underwent EUS-GE between May 2019 and September 2023. We evaluated the technical success, adverse events related to the techniques used, clinical success, and recurrence and reintervention rates. Results: A total of twelve patients who underwent three different E

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Leu, Severina, Maria Kamenova, Luigi Mariani, and Jehuda Soleman. "Ultrasound-Guided Insertion of the Ventricular Catheter in Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Surgery: Evaluation of Accuracy and Feasibility in a Prospective Cohort." Journal of Neurological Surgery Part A: Central European Neurosurgery 82, no. 01 (2020): 009–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1714388.

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Abstract Objective Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) placement is one of the most frequent neurosurgical procedures. The position of the proximal catheter is important for shunt survival. Shunt placement is done either without image guidance (“freehand”) according to anatomical landmarks or by use of various image-guided techniques. Studies evaluating ultrasound-guided (US-G) VPS placement are sparse. We evaluate the accuracy and feasibility of US-G VPS placement, and compare it to freehand VPS placement. Methods We prospectively collected data of consecutive patients undergoing US-G VPS placem

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Baba, Satoshi, Kenichi Kawaguchi, Kazuhito Itamoto, et al. "Use of an inertial measurement unit sensor in pedicle screw placement improves trajectory accuracy." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (2020): e0242512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242512.

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Ascertaining the accuracy of the pedicle screw (PS) trajectories is important as PS malpositioning can cause critical complications. We aimed to determine the angle range over which estimation is unreliable; build a low-cost PS placement support system that uses an inertial measurement unit (IMU) to enable the monitoring of surgical tools and PS trajectories, and determine the situations where IMU support would be most beneficial. In PS insertion experiments, we used cadaver samples that included lumbar porcine spines. Computed tomography images obtained before and after PS insertion were view

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Kassah, Johnson Kofi, Mawutor Wovenu, Patience Aku Glauh-Jeh, and Fortune Ama Amegah. "Pattern Making Skills Training and Technical Universities Graduates’ Performance in Freehand Cutting in the Indigenous Ghanaian Fashion Industry." Journal of Education and Practice 7, no. 4 (2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jep.1369.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish pattern making skills training and technical university graduates’ performance in freehand cutting in the indigenous Ghanaian fashion industry. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey design was employed to carry out this study. The target population for this study was lecturers teaching pattern making and garment technology in technical universities in Ghana and B-Tech and HND self-employed graduates of the fashion design programme respectively. Purposive sampling and snowball sampling techniques were used to select the study participant

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Jack, Peace. "Freehand Cutting Technique in Dressmaking as an Entrepreneurial Skill among Secondary School Students in Port Harcourt Metropolis." International Journal of Home Economics, Hospitality and Allied Research 2, no. 2 (2023): 229–37. https://doi.org/10.57012/ijhhr.v2n2.018.

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<strong>Abstract: </strong>The present study investigated freehand cutting technique in dressmaking as an entrepreneurial skill among secondary school students for sustainable development in Port Harcourt Metropolis. The researcher employed a descriptive survey research design. The study was conducted in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The population for the study included all students in eight government secondary schools in Rivers State. A sample of 25 students was randomly selected from each of the schools, resulting in a total of 200 respondents. The researcher created a self-made questi

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Hwang, Myun Joong. "Calibration Technique for Freehand 3-D Ultrasound System." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 14, no. 12 (2013): 6066–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2013.14.12.6066.

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Belvedere, P. C. "Freehand Resin Bonding: Clinical Technique for Diastema Closure." Yearbook of Dentistry 2007 (January 2007): 29–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0084-3717(08)70317-9.

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Fennell, Vernard S., Sheri Palejwala, Jesse Skoch, David A. Stidd, and Ali A. Baaj. "Freehand thoracic pedicle screw technique using a uniform entry point and sagittal trajectory for all levels: preliminary clinical experience." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 21, no. 5 (2014): 778–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.7.spine1489.

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Object Experience with freehand thoracic pedicle screw placement is well described in the literature. Published techniques rely on various starting points and trajectories for each level or segment of the thoracic spine. Furthermore, few studies provide specific guidance on sagittal and axial trajectories. The goal of this study was to propose a uniform entry point and sagittal trajectory for all thoracic levels during freehand pedicle screw placement and determine the accuracy of this technique. Methods The authors retrospectively reviewed postoperative CT scans of 33 consecutive patients who

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Rakesh, Sharma C., Kumar. K. Vinay, Ramadoss Thanuja, Crisa Aranha Alisha, and Kumar H. R. Hemanth. "In Vitro Comparison of Guided Versus Freehand Implant Placement: use of A CBCT." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 2 (2024): 1462–64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11081924.

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<strong>Background: </strong>Implant dentistry has evolved significantly, with guided implant placement emerging as a promising technique. This study aims to compare the accuracy and efficacy of guided implant placement against freehand techniques using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) imaging. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> Twenty patients from SIMS Department of Dentistry, requiring single-tooth implants were randomly assigned to either the guided implant placement group or the freehand placement group. CBCT scans were utilized for treatment planning and assessmen

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Dietz, Nicholas, and Alexander Spiessberger. "Consistent anatomical relationships of pedicle, lamina, and superior articulating process in severe idiopathic scoliosis allow for safe freehand pedicle screw placement: A proof-of-concept technical study." Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine 15, no. 2 (2024): 224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcvjs.jcvjs_16_24.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Transpedicular screw placement has superior pullout strength compared to alternative forms of spinal fusion and is often performed in deformity correction surgery with navigation for optimal accuracy and reliability. Freehand technique for pedicle screws minimizes operation time and radiation exposure without fluoroscopy but is not widely adopted given the challenge of difficult anatomical corridors and accurate placement, especially in idiopathic scoliosis and advanced deformity. We used a computer-generated model to assess a proof-of-concept and anatomical feasibility

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Vaccaro, Alexander R., Jonathan A. Harris, Mir M. Hussain, et al. "Assessment of Surgical Procedural Time, Pedicle Screw Accuracy, and Clinician Radiation Exposure of a Novel Robotic Navigation System Compared With Conventional Open and Percutaneous Freehand Techniques: A Cadaveric Investigation." Global Spine Journal 10, no. 7 (2019): 814–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568219879083.

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Study Design: Cadaveric study. Objective: To evaluate accuracy, radiation exposure, and surgical time of a new robotic-assisted navigation (RAN) platform compared with freehand techniques in conventional open and percutaneous procedures. Methods: Ten board-certified surgeons inserted 16 pedicle screws at T10–L5 (n = 40 per technique) in 10 human cadaveric torsos. Pedicle screws were inserted with (1) conventional MIS technique (L2–L5, patient left pedicles), (2) MIS RAN (L2–L5, patient right pedicles), (3) conventional open technique (T10–L1, patient left pedicles), and (4) open RAN (T10–L1, p

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Marcano-Fernández, Francesc A., Alexandre Berenguer, Ferran Fillat-Gomà, Sergi Corderch-Navarro, Jaume Cámara-Cabrera, and Ricard Sánchez-Flò. "A customized percutaneous three-dimensional-printed guide for scaphoid fixation versus a freehand technique: a comparative study." Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) 46, no. 10 (2021): 1081–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17531934211049132.

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The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy and reliability of percutaneous fixation of minimally displaced scaphoid fractures using a customized three-dimensional (3-D)-printed guide with a conventional freehand method. A prospective cohort of ten patients underwent scaphoid fixation with the aid of a customized 3-D-printed guide. The final screw position, total surgery time (minutes) and fluoroscopy time (seconds) was compared with a retrospective cohort of ten patients who underwent fixation with a conventional technique. There were no differences in final screw position between both

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Wang, Xiao Yu, Dong Mei Wu, and Zhi Jiang Du. "Freehand 3D Ultrasound Calibration Based on Two-Layer Z-Fiducial Phantom." Advanced Materials Research 317-319 (August 2011): 638–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.317-319.638.

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Spatial calibration is a key technique in Freehand 3D Ultrasound. In this article, a two-layer Z-fiducial phantom with one “Z” shaped fiducial in each layer is used to perform spatial calibration. After freehand scanning above the phantom, the intersections of the scan plane and Z-fiducial plane in B-scans are segmented, and the calibration transformation matrix between the coordinate system of the position sensor receiver and B-scan is calculated using the least-squares fitting algorithm. At last, the calibration result is evaluated on two criteria: precision and accuracy. The result shows th

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Sasapardhi, Sudhir Bisan, Pawan Kumar Verma, Arun Kumar Srivastava, et al. "An institutional study on accuracy of freehand cervical C1 C2 screws placement by knock and drill technique in craniovertebral anomalous bony anatomy: An evaluation of more than 600 screws based on SGPGI screw accuracy criteria." Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine 15, no. 1 (2024): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcvjs.jcvjs_116_23.

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ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess the accuracy of freehand cervical C1 C2 screws placement by knock and drill (K and D) technique in craniovertebral anomalous bony anatomy. Materials and Methods: From January 2017 to December 2022, 682 consecutive C1 C2 screws in 215 patients with craniovertebral junction (CVJ) anomalies were enrolled. All patients underwent posterior fixation with K and D technique without any fluoroscopic guidance. The patient’s demographic details, clinical details, radiological details, major intraoperative events, and postoperative complications were noted. The screws malpositi

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Naftel, Robert P., R. Shane Tubbs, Gavin T. Reed, and John C. Wellons. "Small ventricular access prior to rigid neuroendoscopy." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 6, no. 4 (2010): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2010.7.peds10165.

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The authors describe a new technique that may be used in conjunction with neuronavigation or freehand techniques for obtaining small ventricular access. Using this modification, the introducer sheath and trocar can be guided down a ventriculostomy tract with endoscopic visual control. With increasing focus on endoscopic therapies in patients without hydrocephalus, this adjunct, based on the authors' experience, may provide an additional technique for safely treating patients.

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Kato, Go, Satoshi Baba, Kenichi Kawaguchi, Takeshi Watanabe, Takao Mae, and Shinji Tomari. "Perpendicular probing and screwing technique: A simple method for accurate pedicle screw placement based on the human internal reference frame for angle estimation." PLOS ONE 17, no. 11 (2022): e0277229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277229.

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The pedicle screw (PS) is widely used for spinal fixation surgery. However, PS malpositioning can cause critical complications; thus, the accuracy of ascertaining PS trajectory is paramount. This study aimed to demonstrate the accuracy and safety of a simple and cost-effective PS placement technique using a human internal reference frame for angle estimation. Ex vivo lumbar porcine spine samples were fixed to a wooden board with rostrocaudal and mediolateral rotational angles adjusted by two angle vises. PS entry points (EPs) were identified using clear anatomical vertebral landmarks. PS place

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Araujo-Corchado, Elena, and Beatriz Pardal-Peláez. "Computer-Guided Surgery for Dental Implant Placement: A Systematic Review." Prosthesis 4, no. 4 (2022): 540–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis4040044.

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Implant therapy is currently the treatment of choice for the replacement of missing teeth. Correct implant positioning is of vital importance. To this end, radiographic techniques providing 3D information and guided surgery techniques, both static and dynamic, have been developed. The primary objective of this work is to study whether placing dental implants in partially edentulous patients with guided surgery techniques results in less, equal or greater precision than placing them freehand. The secondary objectives are to gain an understanding of the advantages and disadvantages, indications,

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Akgun, Mehmet Yigit, Mete Manici, Ozkan Ates, et al. "Unlocking Precision in Spinal Surgery: Evaluating the Impact of Neuronavigation Systems." Diagnostics 14, no. 16 (2024): 1712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14161712.

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Objective: In spine surgery, ensuring the safety of vital structures is crucial, and various instruments contribute to the surgeon’s confidence. This study aims to present outcomes from spinal cases operated on using the freehand technique and neuronavigation with an O-arm in our clinic. Additionally, we investigate the impact of surgical experience on outcomes by comparing early and late cases operated on with neuronavigation. Method: We conducted a retrospective analysis of spinal patients operated on with the freehand technique and neuronavigation in our clinic between 2019 and 2020, with a

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Helgeson, Melvin D., Ronald A. Lehman, Anton E. Dmitriev, et al. "Accuracy of the freehand technique for 3 fixation methods in the C-2 vertebrae." Neurosurgical Focus 31, no. 4 (2011): E11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2011.6.focus1167.

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Object Intraoperative imaging often does not provide adequate visualization to ensure safe placement of screws. Therefore, the authors investigated the accuracy of a freehand technique for placement of pars, pedicle, and intralaminar screws in C-2. Methods Sixteen cadaveric specimens were instrumented freehand by 2 experienced cervical spine surgeons with either a pars or pedicle screw, and bilateral intralaminar screws. The technique was based on anatomical starting points and published screw trajectories. A pedicle finder was used to establish the trajectory, followed by tapping, palpation,

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Ostrum, Robert F. "Perceptions and Realities for Distal Freehand Interlocking of Intramedullary Nails." Advances in Orthopedics 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/834582.

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There is a perception that distal freehand interlocking (DFHI) of intramedullary nails can be difficult and time consuming. This study consists of a survey of surgeons’ practices for DFHI screws and their reasons for not using this technique. A survey was sent to 1400 orthopaedic surgeons who were asked to agree or disagree with statements regarding the difficulty and indications for the usage of distal freehand interlocking screws. The results were analyzed by practice demographics, resident availability, and completion of an orthopaedic trauma fellowship. Overall, 316 surgeons (22.6%) respon

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Toria, Vakhtang G., Sergei V. Vissarionov, and Ramil R. Kubanov. "Patient-specific 3D template with radiopaque markers for pediatric pedicle screw fixation: comparison with freehand technique." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 13, no. 1 (2025): 62–69. https://doi.org/10.17816/ptors646353.

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BACKGROUND: Accuracy and precision are crucial in pedicle screw implantation in children with congenital spinal deformities combined with thoracic cage anomalies. The use of patient-specific navigation templates supplemented with radiopaque markers significantly improves screw positioning accuracy and reduces the risk of complications. AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of a novel patient-specific surgical template with radiopaque markers and accuracy of pedicle screw placement in children with congenital spinal deformities combined with thoracic cage anomalies, compared with the freehand tech

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HAUSMAN, M. R., and J. E. MASTERS. "Percutaneous Freehand™ System Intramuscular Electrode Placement." Journal of Hand Surgery 27, no. 5 (2002): 465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/jhsb.2002.0775.

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The FreeHand™ (NeuroControl Corporation, USA) system is an implantable electronic neuroprosthesis designed to stimulate muscles of tetraplegic upper limbs to achieve lateral pinch and simple grasp. When first introduced, the system required insertion through multiple large incisions, but recently introduced intramuscular electrodes have allowed the development of a percutaneous electrode placement technique. The technique minimizes incisions, decreases overall operative time and patient morbidity and improves the outcome by minimizing tendon adhesions.

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Uribe Rivera, Ana K., Barbara Seeliger, Laurent Goffin, Alain García-Vázquez, Didier Mutter, and Mariano E. Giménez. "Robotic Assistance in Percutaneous Liver Ablation Therapies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Annals of Surgery Open 5, no. 2 (2024): e406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/as9.0000000000000406.

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Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to identify current robotic assistance systems for percutaneous liver ablations, compare approaches, and determine how to achieve standardization of procedural concepts for optimized ablation outcomes. Background: Image-guided surgical approaches are increasingly common. Assistance by navigation and robotic systems allows to optimize procedural accuracy, with the aim to consistently obtain adequate ablation volumes. Methods: Several databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, ProQuest, Science Direct, Research Rabbit, and IEEE Xplore) were syste

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Tan, Zachary, Stewart McLachlin, Cari Whyne, and Joel Finkelstein. "Validation of a freehand technique for cortical bone trajectory screws in the lumbar spine." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 31, no. 2 (2019): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2019.1.spine181402.

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OBJECTIVEThe cortical bone trajectory (CBT) technique for pedicle screw placement has gained popularity among spinal surgeons. It has been shown biomechanically to provide better fixation and improved pullout strength compared to a traditional pedicle screw trajectory. The CBT technique also allows for a less invasive approach for fusion and may have lower incidence of adjacent-level disease. A limitation of the current CBT technique is a lack of readily identifiable and reproducible visual landmarks to guide freehand CBT screw placement in comparison to the well-defined identifiable landmarks

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Selvaraj, M. Karthik, Tapan Kumar Das, Nikhil Joseph Martin, M. Shyam Sundar, and David V. Rajan. "Open Classic Latarjet Procedure Performed Using Freehand Technique—Surgical Technique and Outcome." Indian Journal of Orthopaedics 55, no. 3 (2021): 723–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43465-021-00385-7.

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Romanowski, Marcus R., and John A. Repicci. "Minimally Invasive Unicondylar Arthroplasty Using a Freehand Inlay Technique." Techniques in Knee Surgery 3, no. 1 (2004): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132588-200403000-00007.

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Brambati, B., A. Oldrini, and A. Lanzani. "Transabdominal chorionic villus sampling: A freehand ultrasound- guided technique." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 157, no. 1 (1987): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9378(87)80363-0.

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