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1
Brownrigg, Sandra D. "Freemasonry men's lived experience of their membership of a male-only society /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07032007-091602/.
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Webster, William Mark. "Novikov, freemasonry and the Russian enlightenment." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22358.
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Wallace, Mark Coleman. "Scottish freemasonry 1725-1810 : progress, power, and politics." Thesis, St Andrews, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/324.
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Kahler, Lisa. "Freemasonry in Edinburgh, 1721-1746 : institutions and context." Thesis, St Andrews, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/461.
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Farrar, Jennifer. "The persecution of freemasonry under Vichy : a reappraisal." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.548480.
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Calderwood, Paul. "Freemasonry and the press in twentieth century Britain." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2010. http://research.gold.ac.uk/6394/.
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The following pages contain a study of the British media coverage of freemasonry in the twentieth century. They consider how and why the public image of freemasonry changed from that of a highly-respected elite organisation, at the centre of public life in 1900, to a position on the fringes, regarded by many with suspicion and disapproval in the 1990s. They focus on national newspapers only. This thesis describes how the press projected a positive message of the organisation for almost 40 years, based on a mass of news, which I believe - and show - emanated from the organisation itself (making it an unexpected pioneer in modern public relations practice). It concludes that the change of image and public regards which occurred during the twentieth century was due, mainly, to Masonic withdrawal from the public sphere. It considers - and finds wanting - the suggestion that this withdrawal was a response to Fascist persecution and it offers a number of additional explanations. Freemasonry's reluctance to engage with the media after 1939 powerfully assisted its critics, who grew in strength as a result of developments within the media and the churches. Within the media, greater competition spawned a more challenging form of journalism and accelerated the decline of deference. The rise of secularism and religious pluralism in Britain provided Christianity with increases competition and led some adherents to re-define freemasonry and treat it as a rival. "Conspiracy culture" remained strong throughout the period, rendering the secrecy of freemasonry a major handicap to public understanding. The history of freemasonry in twentieth century Britain is largely an unexplored field and, in examining the fraternity's media profile, this study also illuminates the organisation's collisions with nationalism, communism, and state welfare provision.
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Albo, Frank. "Freemasonry and the nineteenth-century British Gothic Revival." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283920.
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Kebbell, Peter. "The changing face of English freemasonry, 1640-1740." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/165ceaab-6877-4f01-b8e9-5c8dbf382ae0.
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The record of Robert Moray's initiation into freemasonry in Newcastle in 1641 is the first record of freemasonry on English soil. A century later, freemasonry had spread throughout the whole of England, with several thousand initiates partaking in regular meetings in over one hundred lodges. The English form of freemasonry had also spread across the world, with lodges in America, Europe, and Asia, mostly governed by the English Grand Lodge which acted as a governing body for English freemasonry around the world. This thesis tracks the development of English freemasonry during the first century of its recorded existence, charting the changing elements of freemasonic organisation which led to the centralisation of freemasonry under the Grand Lodge system, along with the developments in ritual, and the mythology which underlined that ritual, throughout the period. In charting these developments, the thesis questions the assumptions which have informed the writing of freemasonic history for the past two centuries, and seeks to investigate both the origins and the accuracy of those assumptions. Previous freemasonic history has relied on the significance of the formation of the English Grand Lodge in 1717 and the influence of certain individuals (particularly John Theophilus Desaguliers) to demonstrate a dramatic change in freemasonry during the early 1720s. This thesis will argue that, far from a dramatic change, the developments which took place during the second decade of the eighteenth century were part of a longer trend of development, and can not be fully understood by focussing on the centralisation of freemasonry under the English Grand Lodge which is a symptom, rather than a cause, of the changing face of English freemasonry.
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Berman, Richard Andrew. "The architects of eighteenth century English freemasonry, 1720-1740." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/2999.
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Following the appointment of its first aristocratic Grand Masters in the 1720s and in the wake of its connections to the scientific Enlightenment, ‘Free and Accepted’ Masonry rapidly became part of Britain’s national profile and the largest and arguably the most influential of Britain’s extensive clubs and societies. The new organisation did not evolve naturally from the mediaeval guilds and religious orders that pre-dated it, but was reconfigured radically by a largely self-appointed inner core. Freemasonry became a vehicle for the expression and transmission of the political and religious views of those at its centre, and for the scientific Enlightenment concepts that they championed. The ‘Craft’ also offered a channel through which many sought to realise personal aspirations: social, intellectual and financial. Through an examination of relevant primary and secondary documentary evidence, this thesis seeks to contribute to a broader understanding of contemporary English political and social culture, and to explore the manner in which Freemasonry became a mechanism that promoted the interests of the Hanoverian establishment and connected and bound a number of élite metropolitan and provincial figures. A range of networks centred on the aristocracy, parliament, the magistracy and the learned and professional societies are studied, and key individuals instrumental in spreading and consolidating the Masonic message identified. The thesis also explores the role of Freemasonry in the development of the scientific Enlightenment. The evidence suggests that Freemasonry should be recognised not only as the most prominent of the many eighteenth century fraternal organisations, but also as a significant cultural vector and a compelling component of the social, economic, scientific and political transformation then in progress.
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Lawrence, Snezana. "Geometry of architecture and freemasonry in 19th century England." Thesis, Open University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395263.
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Pink, Andrew George. "The musical culture of freemasonry in early eighteenth-century London." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.515321.
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Stemper, William. "Crafted links : the transformation of Masonic ritual order, 1772-1802; an intellectual history of the Preston-Webb synthesis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367876.
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Dunbar, Paul Lawrence. "Prince Hall Freemasonry: The other invisible institution of the black community." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5325/.
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The black church and Prince Hall Freemasonry both played important roles in the black experience in America. Freemasonry and the black church; one secular, the other spiritual, played equally important, interrelated roles in the way the black community addressed social, political, and economic problems in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
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Hernandez, Miguel. "Fighting fraternities : the Ku Klux Klan and Freemasonry in 1920s America." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/16509.
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Throughout the 1920s, America was marked by a series of fundamental political, social and economic shifts that defined the decade. The rise of the Second Ku Klux Klan was just one of the many results of the underlying tensions produced by the radical changes of the period. This fervently patriotic and nativist organization has captivated onlookers and academics because of its peculiar customs and its mysterious resurgence following the First World War. Historians have thoroughly analysed this groupâs ideology, and have presented detailed case studies of the growth and decline of individual chapters of this vast organization. The 1920s Klan has been studied from practically every possible angle. However, researchers have neglected to study the orderâs fraternal traditions and their relationship with other fraternities. This thesis hopes to address this oversight by offering a critical evaluation of the Ku Klux Klanâs role as a fraternity. This thesis will analyse how this order functioned as a fraternity, and how these traditions helped recruit followers to the movement. This study will also discuss how the Klan interacted with other fraternities, particularly the Freemasons. These two fraternities shared a complex relationship with elements of both cooperation and conflict, and their interactions will help us comprehend how the Ku Klux Klan managed to become the foremost fraternal movement of the 1920s. This thesis will analyse a number of different aspects about the Ku Klux Klan, from their ideology and rituals to their sales methods and public relations campaign. This study hopes to re-evaluate a number of key assumptions about this group by critically assessing the Klan from a different perspective. By investigating the response of fraternities like the Freemasons to an intrusive and aggressive order like the Klan, we can gain a better understanding of how the nation as a whole perceived and reacted to this peculiar organization.
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Daniel, James Wallace. "The 4th Earl of Carnarvon (1831-1890) and freemasonry in the British Empire." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590286.
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Harrison, David. "The Masonic Enlightenment: Symbolism, Transition and Change in English Freemasonry during the Eighteenth Century." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.490655.
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This study investigates the transitional phases of English Freemasonry from the midseventeenth century into what can be described as a Masonic Enlightenment during the eighteenth century. This movement was part of a wider enterprising evolution led by the Newtonian experimental natural philosopher Dr. John Theophilus Desaguliers and James Anderson, both members of the London based Grand Lodge founded in 1717 and both staunch Hanoverians. The ritual, along with the accompanying Masonic symbolism, quickly became adopted into what would become known as 'Modem' Freemasonry, which spread its influence around England. One of the aims of this thesis is to assess why it was embraced by some areas, yet rejected by others, such as York. Scholarship to date has avoided analysis of the Masonic ritual, with Freemasonry being seen as a secret society, and many of the original documentation relating to Masonic lodges being held in private collections. The United Grand Lodge of England has only recently opened its 'archive and library to the public, though this has only revealed how much documentary material has either been lost or destroyed. An example of this is the absence of personal correspondence relating to Desaguliers' Masonic ritual changes, despite the evidence that changes where made by him. An objective of this dissertation is to examine why the development of 'Modem' Freemasonry was so successful, and why Desaguliers, and other members ofthe Royal Society were attracted to the Craft. The study will also assess the fermentation of Freemasonry as it transmuted from the 'operative' society into 'a more 'speculative' one during the seventeenth century. Precious little academic work has been published on this aspect of the society, and this study will analyse the contributions of Christopher Wren and Isaac Newton on the development of the Craft, concentrating on their emphasis upon the search for the divine measurement of Solomon's Temple. The later changes to the Masonic ritual reflected their work, displaying themes for the search of lost ancient knowledge set against the backdrop of the construction of Solomon's Temple. In this Masonic quest the ethos ofFreemasonry became shaped by fashionable and attractive concepts ofthe 'New Science' merging with the 'Old Science' of magic and alchemy. These concepts which became appealing in the light ofthe social and political atmosphere of the Whig Oligarchy of early eighteenth century England, will also be discussed, the study concluding with an examination of the overall contribution of the Masonic Enlightenment on English society.
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Langford, Martha. "Une architecture murmurante : an expression of freemasonry in Claude-Nicolas Ledoux's Propylaea for Paris?" Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60603.
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Anthony Vidler's recent monograph on the eighteenth-century French architect Claude-Nicolas Ledoux (1736-1806) characterizes certain aspects of Ledoux's work as Masonic. Vidler defines Freemasonry primarily as an instrument of sociability. His recognition of Masonic imagery and intent, especially in Ledoux's Ideal City, combines with certain details of Ledoux's life to convince Vidler of Ledoux's adherence to a Masonic or quasi-Masonic lodge.The matter remains open to debate. Vidler's view of Freemasonry does not entirely accord with its factious and ambitious condition in eighteenth-century France. Nor does he sufficiently address the public manifestation of Masonic symbolism which, despite the Order's code of secrecy, was divulged to the profane, emerging architecturally as part of Neoclassicism's stylistic revival of the antique. The weakness of Vidler's analysis becomes apparent when he overlooks Masonic symbolism in a project that does not conform to his positive image of the Order: Ledoux's network of customs houses for Paris, the project he called the Propylaea.
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Carpenter, Audrey T. "Ingenious Philosopher : John Theophilus Desaguliers (1683-1744), Popularizer of Newtonianism and Promoter of Freemasonry." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.525683.
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Pálfi, Ágnes. "The incommunicable secret or the encountered experience: Mystery, ritual, Freemasonry in 18th century French literature." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/298788.
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The philosophers of the Enlightenment base their ideas on reason while attracting public attention on the futility of religion. The concept of the universe inherited from Antiquity is rejuvenated by contemporary sciences and, at first sight, we would think that nature governs the supernatural. A number of philosophical works, which would today be considered anthropological, deal with the customs and manners of different countries of the world, inevitably describing the religious cults and ceremonies practiced throughout the centuries. To what extent are these rituals kept, neglected or transformed in the century of Enlightenment? What is the connection between the ceremonies of Antiquity and the rituals practiced in the confined space of modern secret societies? Speculative Freemasonry, introduced to France at the beginning of the 18 th century, counts among its members a number of well-known philosophers. Do these enlightened minds, most of whom are adversaries of religion, practice the rituals based on sacred and incommunicable mysteries? These are some of the questions which this dissertation tries to answer in analyzing the philosophers' (i.e. Voltaire, Dupuis, Boulanger, Demeunier) anthropological views; the origins of Freemasonry and the ancient sacred tradition; the founding murder and the sacrificial ritual; freemasonic and initiatory symbols in Ramsay's Voyages of Cyrus (1727); Ramsay's quest and the mysteries in his Discourse (1736); Casanova's Icosameron (1788), a freemasonic utopia, hermetic allegory and symbolic fable. This dissertation attempts to demonstrate that the denial of the mystery and the supposed domination of the world by reason are only the well-known and visible aspect of the 18 th century.
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Vanderhaeghen, Léopold. "Des autels de Noé et d'Abraham au temple hiramique: la quête maçonnique du héros civilisateur dans les traditions juive et chrétienne." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210321.
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La franc-maçonnerie spéculative trouve l’origine de sa fondation, en 1717, en Angleterre,dans ce pays et ce siècle riches en créations de diverses associations ou clubs. Nombre d’entre eux, après des débuts encourageants, ont fini par péricliter, puis par disparaître. Alors que la maçonnerie a réussi à perdurer. Pourquoi ce succès ?Quels ont été les fondements sur lesquels la franc-maçonnerie a édifié sa réussite ?
La thèse identifie, sans tenir compte d’un ordre de valeur, une série de bases structurelles :l'investissement symbolique dans le temple ainsi que dans la pierre, la valorisation du secret, l'importance donnée à un système sacrificiel permettant de passer d'un état de nature à un état de culture, la création d’un espace sacré, la mise en place d’une classe « sacerdotale », l’invention d’un héros civilisateur.
Notre hypothèse de départ a été que ces causes de réussite, c’est d’abord dans la Bible qu’il convenait de les rechercher. Néanmoins, il ne fallait pas davantage perdre de vue que cette création est aussi le fruit d’une époque,l’Angleterre s’inscrivant dans le continuum de la Renaissance, le temps des découvertes ou des redécouvertes, le temps aussi d’une acceptation de l’autre dans sa différence. Ce siècle étant évidemment enfant des siècles précédents, s’intéresser aux maçons et donc également au travail, à l’architecture, devait tout naturellement nous amener à ne pas négliger les associations opératives du Moyen Age ou du début des Temps Modernes.
Enfin, ce travail de recherche montre que la pierre d’angle de tout le système maçonnique semble bien être l’invention du mythe d’Hiram avec lequel la franc-maçonnerie peut définitivement rassembler en un tout cohérent des éléments qu’elle avait glanés, épars, dans les récits vétéro et néo-testamentaires.
Doctorat en Philosophie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Moret, Miranda Karina. "Incorporating the Averse: Emulating Freemasonry? Approach to racial and hermeneutical entanglement in the Abakuá religious exercitatio." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668776.
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During the nineteenth century, the secret societies Ekpe (Egbo) of the Cross River and
Cuban Abakuá, were called "a kind of black masonry." Ekpe (Egbo) had a social, political
and economic function that regulated the Calabar society. Its members, heads of the most
powerful families in Calabar, managed the slave trade with the Europeans. Both his
private esoteric exercise and public masquerades were integrated as a mechanism of his
economic dynamics. Finally, its members will be victims of this slave trade that has
helped feed and will end up as enslaved subjects in Cuba giving rise to the Abakuá.
Through comparative history, we will try to approach the inverse dynamics of the
incorporation of whites for Ekpe (Egbo) and Abakuá and black subjects for regular
masonry.Durante el siglo XIX las sociedades secretas Ekpe (Egbo) del Cross River y Abakuá de Cuba, fueron llamados " masonería negra". Ekpe (Egbo) tenía una función social, política y económica que regulaba la sociedad Calabar. Sus miembros, jefes de las familias más poderosas de Calabar, administraban el comercio de esclavos con los europeos. Tanto su ejercicio esotérico privado como sus mascaradas públicas se integraron como mecanismo de su dinámica económica. Finalmente, sus miembros serían víctimas de ese comercio de esclavos que han ayudado a alimentar y terminarán como sujetos esclavizados en Cuba dando origen a lo Abakuá. A través de la historia comparada intentaremos acercarnos a las dinámicas inversas de la incorporación de blancos para Ekpe (Egbo) y Abakuá y de sujetos negros para la masonería regular.
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Walker, Corey D. B. ""The freemasonry of the race": The cultural politics of ritual, race, and place in postemancipation Virginia." W&M ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623392.
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African American cultural and social history has neglected to interrogate fully a crucial facet of African American political, economic, and social life: African American Freemasonry. "The Freemasonry of the Race": The Cultural Politics of Ritual, Race, and Place in Postemancipation Virginia seeks to remedy this neglect. This project broadly situates African American Freemasonry in the complex and evolving relations of power, peoples, and polities of the Atlantic world. The study develops an interpretative framework that not only recognizes the organizational and institutional aspects of African American Freemasonry, but also interprets it as a discursive space in and through which articulations of race, class, gender, and place are theorized and performed.;"The Freemasonry of the Race" presents a critical cartography of African American Freemasons' responses to the social and political exigencies of the postemancipation period. The study connects the developments of African American Freemasonry in the Atlantic world with the every day culture of African American Freemasonry in Charlottesville, Virginia from the conclusion of the Civil War until the turn of the century. Utilizing African American Freemasonry as a critical optic, the major question this study attempts to respond to is: How can we historicize and (re)present African American Freemasonry in order to rethink the cultural and political space of the postemancipation period in the United States?;Borrowing and blending a number of methodologies from social history, literary theory, and cultural studies, "The Freemasonry of the Race": The Cultural Politics of Ritual, Race, and Place in Postemancipation Virginia presents a set of analytic essays on African American Freemasonry, each intimately concerned with deciphering some of the principles that organized and (re)constructed various regimes of power and normality along the fault lines of race, sex, gender, class, and place. By thinking and working through African American Freemasonry in such a manner, this project seeks to open up new interdisciplinary horizons in African American cultural and social history.
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Davies, Pamela Margaret. "An ancient and honourable institution : an examination of the development of Freemasonry in Merthyr Tydfil 1810-1914." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.555935.
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This study explores the contribution of Freemasonry to the wider social, political and civic history of the South Wales town of Merthyr Tydfil during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Merthyr has been chosen for a case of the local importance of Freemasonry because during this period it experienced considerable social, political and cultural changes brought about by intensive industrialisation and urban expansion, the town becoming a magnet for immigration and spawning a flourishing popular culture that had a dramatic impact on both the town itself and the Welsh nation more generally. The history of Merthyr continues to attract many Welsh historians. However, in the main they have concentrated on the development of the working class, emphasising the growth of a distinctive Welsh radical ethos and working class identity. This has been privileged over the equally important development of the town's middle class, which from the earliest stage of industrial development, was essential to sustain the needs ofa swiftly developing community. The growth of Merthyr's nascent middle class was intimately linked to the development of Freemasonry within the town, and the membership records of Masonic lodges are a rich source for reconstructing and investigating historical patterns of social, political and business networking within the community. This study explores the ways in which the membership records of Merthyr's oldest Masonic lodge, the Loyal Cambrian Lodge, can be used to reconstruct social networks and investigate the history of Merthyr' s middle class, thereby illustrating the pivotal role of Freemasonry in Merthyr during this period. Such analysis provides new perspectives on Merthyr's social history and suggests that the civic culture of Merthyr, of which the Masonic lodge was an integral part, was more sophisticated during the nineteenth century than previously supposed.
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Ribeiro, Luaê Carregari Carneiro. "Uma América em São Paulo: a maçonaria e o partido republicano paulista (1868-1889)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-09112012-091354/.
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A influência da Maçonaria no Brasil, ainda é um tema muito pouco estudado pela historiografia. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar mais a fundo qual seria o papel das lojas maçônicas na difusão do movimento republicano na província de São Paulo, entre o final da década de 1860 e 1889, em meio à expansão cafeeira e a formação de uma nova elite econômica que desejava maior representação política. A partir da queda do gabinete de Zacarias de Góes, em 1868, houve a formação do Partido Republicano Paulista (PRP). Nesse período, era criada a Loja América, importante centro difusor das idéias republicanas na província, dela fizeram parte importantes figuras do movimento republicano, como Américo Brasiliense, Américo de Campos e Rangel Pestana. Analisou-se como a Maçonaria se comportou diante das principais questões do período, como o republicanismo, o debate abolicionista e a Questão Religiosa. E principalmente, como a difusão das lojas maçônicas pelo Oeste Paulista contribuiu para a criação e o fortalecimento das redes clientelares que formavam a base política do PRP em seus anos iniciais.The influence of Freemasonry in Brazil, is still a topic too little studied by historiography. The aim of this study is to analyze more deeply what is the role of the Masonic lodges in the dissemination of the Republican movement in the province of Sao Paulo, between end of the 1860 and 1889, during the coffee economic expansion and the formation of a new economic elite who wished to greater political representation. From the end of the ministry of Zacarias de Goes in 1868 there was formation of the Republican Party of São Paulo (PRP). During this period, was created the Lodge América, an important center for disseminating ideas of republicans in the province, it took part in important figures of the republican movement as Américo Brasiliense, Americo de Campos and Rangel Pestana. Analyzed how Freemasonry has behaved in front of the main issues of the period, such as republicanism, the abolitionist debate and the Religious Question. And especially, how the spread of Masonic lodges across the West Paulista contributed to the creation and strengthening of clientelist networks that formed the political basis of the PRP in its early years.
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Doney, Keith. "Freemasonry in France during the Nazi occupation and its rehabilitation after the end of the Second World War." Thesis, Aston University, 1993. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/14856/.
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This thesis examines the involvement of the French Freemason movement in the Resistance during the Occupation of France by the Germans 1939-1945, its relationship with the Vichy government and the effect the 'Nouvelle Révolution' had on the lives of individual Masons. To set the scene and to put the role of Freemasonry into perspective in the life of France and the French political system, the origins of French Freemasonry are examined and explained. The main French Masonic obediences are discussed and the differences between them emphasised. The particular attributes of a Freemason are described and the ideals and ethos of the Order is discussed. From its earliest days, Freemasonry has often been persecuted by the Roman Catholic Church or by extreme Right-wing movements. The history of this persecution is reviewed and the reasons for its persistence noted, with especial emphasis on the treatment of Freemasons under the fascist regimes of Italy and Germany. The fate of Freemasonry in countries under German control is also briefly examined. With the occupation of France by the Germans, the differences and similarities of the treatment of French and German Freemasons are discussed. The processes and legislation of this ban are closely examined and the part played by the Vichy government in the persecution of French Freemasonry is discussed. The effects of this persecution and the consequences for individuals are examined and the Freemason's role in the emerging Resistance movement is reviewed. The contribution of many lodges to the Resistance movement is examined and the sacrifice of many Freemasons for their ideals is emphasised.
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Sulaymān, Suhayl Zakī. "Athar al-Bannāʻīn al-Aḥrār fī al-adab al-Lubnānī, 1860-1950." Bayrūt : Muʼassasat Nawfal, 1993. http://books.google.com/books?id=6JcyAAAAMAAJ.
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Nefontaine, Luc. "Symboles et symbolisme dans la franc-maçonnerie: approches historique, phénoménologique et herméneutique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212763.
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Laing, Chason Alexander. "Awakening." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2008. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p001--1213.
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Thesis (Th. M.)--Dallas Theological Seminary, 2008."While some of the characters from this screenplay are based upon the life and times of Charles G. Finney; this is a fictional story." Includes bibliographical references (leaves [111-119]).
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Costa, Luiz Mário Ferreira. "Maçonaria e antimaçonaria: uma análise da “História secreta do Brasil” de Gustavo Barroso." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2009. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2931.
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FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
O objetivo geral da dissertação é analisar as narrativas antimaçônicas difundidas no Brasil, sobretudo, na primeira metade do século XX, com destaque para o livro História Secreta do Brasil escrito por Gustavo Barroso em 1937. A partir do estudo das diferentes feições assumidas pelas narrativas antimaçônicas desde o início do século XVIII, sobretudo na Europa, busca-se compreender os elos de continuidade e os novos elementos acrescidos pela obra de Gustavo Barroso, os quais dialogavam com o clima de radicalização política e de crescimento do autoritarismo que caracterizaram, particularmente, o Brasil da década de 1930. Não obstante, os discursos anti-semitas, antimaçônicos e anti-comunistas, proferidos pelo Chefe das Milícias Integralistas, transforma-se no eixo central de uma narrativa que busca explicações para as seqüências de acontecimentos, ditos secretos, que assolavam o pais naquele contexto. Situação esta agravada pelos confrontos diretos entre a Aliança Nacional Libertadora e a Ação Integralista Brasileira, principalmente entre os anos de 1935 a 1938.
The general objective of this thesis is to analyze the narratives Anti-Masonry spread in Brazil, especially in the first half of the twentieth century, especially the book Secret History of Brazil written by Gustavo Barroso in 1937. From the study of different traits displayed by the Anti-Masons narratives from the early eighteenth century, especially in Europe, we seek to understand the links of continuity and new elements added by the work of Gustavo Barroso, who dialogued with the climate of political radicalization and growth of authoritarianism that characterized particularly Brazil from the 1930s. Nevertheless, the speeches anti-Semitic, Anti-Masons and anti-communists, delivered by the Chief of the Militia Integralists, becomes the central axis of a narrative that seeks explanations for the sequences of events, told the secret, which ravaged the country in that context. This situation is aggravated by clashes between the National Liberation Alliance and Brazilian Integralism, especially among the years 1935 to 1938.
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Assis, Manoel Wellington de. "A etnografia dos pedreiros livres da loja cavaleiros de Salomão." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2011. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/4171.
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Previous issue date: 2011-03-28Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Freemasonry is a closed social system, comprised of free men, morality, which are started in order regardless of colour, creed and nationality. The art of Free Masons (Freemasons), relates mystically the construction of the Temple of Jerusalem, where the symbols and rituals relate to the art of building, called real art. The present study objective was to analyze the Masonic symbology and its manifestations of order sociological, philosophical and scientific. Used ethnography as methodology, which consisted in collecting right and thorough of certain symbols and language changes that speaks to him who starts, Objectifying the description of the phenomena observed in "Free Masons" and Masonic Knights of Solomon, situated in the city of João Pessoa-PB, affiliated to the Grand Orient of Paraíba. The questions were formulated with participants and compiled on the basis of a rational reflection of symbols and languages. We found that there is an Operative Masonry in Franco-contemporary Freemasonry, fuelled by symbols originating transcendental, which lay down the secrets of initiation, which in turn are linked to certain objects. Possessing a unique profile, a scientific basis which emerges from a secular thought, love and truth are focal points, followed by good and beauty, and that was created from sedimentations of knowledge that past centuries and relies on the transcendentalidade of creation.
A Maçonaria é um sistema social fechado, composta por homens livres, de bons costumes, que são iniciados na ordem não importando a sua cor, credo e nacionalidade. A arte dos pedreiros livres (maçons), se relaciona misticamente à construção do templo de Jerusalém, onde os símbolos e rituais se referem à arte de construir, chamada arte real. O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar a simbologia maçônica e suas manifestações de ordem sociológica, filosófica e cientifica. Utilizou-se como metodologia a etnografia, que consistiu na coleta direita e minuciosa de determinados símbolos e uma linguagem muda que fala àquele que é iniciado, objetivando a descrição dos fenômenos observados nos Pedreiros Livres e na Loja Maçônica Cavaleiros de Salomão, situada na cidade de João Pessoa-PB, filiada ao Grande oriente da Paraíba. As questões foram formuladas com os participantes e elaboradas com base em uma reflexão racional desses símbolos e linguagens. Concluímos que existe uma Maçonaria Operativa na Franco-Maçonaria contemporânea, alimentada por símbolos, com origem transcendental, que estabelecem os segredos da iniciação, que por sua vez estão ligados a determinados objetos. Possuindo, assim, um perfil exclusivo, uma base cientifica que emerge de um pensamento laico, nela o amor e a verdade são pontos focais, seguidos do bem e da beleza e que foi criada a partir de sedimentações de conhecimentos que ultrapassaram séculos e se apóia na transcendentalidade da criação.
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Egito, Philipe Henrique Teixeira do. "Olhares da maçonaria sobre a educação no Brasil." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2011. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/4638.
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Previous issue date: 2011-10-31Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This dissertation had as its object of study the thematic of the interfaces between Freemasonry history and its actions and precepts on education. The research began with a brief history of the Freemasonry, which revealed its first ever known educational experience: a school for girls in England. Then a profile of the Freemasonry was built mainly from the central ideas about the teaching they conducted, which gained the interest of the eighteenth century media and therefore also gained print. Another factor that contributed to constructing this profile were the propositions made by Rui Barbosa, which were weighed against the Masonic ideal in Brazil at the time. Finally, Padre Azevedo School was analysed. This school was founded in João Pessoa in 1957, marking the presence of the Freemasonry on education in the state of Paraíba. The school founded and maintained partly by the Masonry, partly by public entities and private donations was studied through thorough readings of the Masonic Lodge´s session records that enabled discussions around the school routines yielded within the Lodge to be gathered.
O presente trabalho tem como objeto de estudo a temática das interfaces entre a história da Maçonaria e suas ações e preceitos acerca da educação. Iniciamos com um breve histórico da Maçonaria indicando a primeira experiência educacional que se tem notícia uma escola para meninas na Inglaterra; em seguida traçamos o perfil da Maçonaria no Brasil tendo como foco central as ideias sobre instrução, veiculadas pela imprensa oitocentista, e as propostas educacionais elaboradas por Rui Barbosa com as possíveis articulações com o ideário maçônico no Brasil. Por fim, analisamos a Escola Padre Azevedo, criada em João Pessoa, em 1957, como uma espécie de modelo paraibano de atuação da Maçonaria na educação. A Escola fundada e mantida pela Maçonaria, por entidades públicas e por doações de particulares foi estudada por meio da leitura das atas das sessões da Loja Maçônica que nos permitiram apreender as discussões engendradas dentro da Loja acerca do cotidiano escolar.
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SCHADE, KRISTIN FRIEDERIKE. "THE MAITRI CENTER: PLACE IDENTITY AND IDENTITY DESIGN." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1132322706.
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Magalhães, Fernando da Silva. "Maçonaria e Educação. Contribuições para o ideário republicano." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2013. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=5598.
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Esta tese tem como objetivo identificar as marcas da Maçonaria no campo educacional brasileiro, no período entre o final do século XIX e início do século XX, até 1930, bem como analisar o conceito maçônico de Ilustração, aplicado ao campo da educação, em contraposição à proposta pedagógica da Igreja Católica. Por meio de estudo da literatura nacional e internacional relativa ao tema, e de manuscritos e fontes impressas da Maçonaria, a saber, leitura das atas das sessões das Lojas Maçônicas e documentos oficiais de divulgação interna emitidos ao longo do período em questão, procedeu-se uma narrativa seqüencial das ações desenvolvidas pelos membros desta instituição, concernentes ao projeto de instaurar uma educação republicana, laica, mista e voltada para o trabalho. Os dados foram compilados e comparados demonstrando a contribuição dada por esta instituição na estruturação da rede escolar republicana do país. A partir da clarificação da trilha das ideias conformadoras do pensamento maçônico pelo mundo, até sua chegada ao Brasil, da análise das biografias de maçons dedicados ao campo educacional nacional, e, fundamentalmente, da descoberta e mapeamento de centenas de escolas criadas e administradas pela maçonaria no período da primeira república, se pode mensurar a atuação da Maçonaria na Educação. Portanto, a tese conclui que estas marcas maçônicas perduram até a contemporaneidade no sistema educacional brasileiro. Assim, espera-se que esta tese tenha contribuído para uma releitura historiográfica das relações entre Educação, Escola, Estado e Sociedade a partir da identificação das possíveis marcas legadas pela Maçonaria no campo da Educação no Brasil.This thesis aims to identify the marks of Freemasonry in the Brazilian educational field, in the period between the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, until 1930, as well as analysing the Masonic concept of Enlightenment, applied to the field of education, as opposed to Catholic Church` pedagogical proposal. Through the study of national and international literature on the subject, and of manuscript and printed sources of Freemasonry, namely readings of the masonic lodges` sessions records and official documents of internal disclosure issued during the period in question, held up a narrative sequence of actions developed by the members of this institution, concerning the project of establishing an education republican, secular, mixed and directed to work. The data were compiled and compared demonstrating the contribution made by this institution in structuring the republican school network in the country. Based on the clarification of track of ideas conformator of masonic thought in the world, until their arrival in Brazil, analysing the biographies of masons dedicated to national educational field, and, fundamentally, the discovery and mapping of hundreds of schools created and managed by Freemasonry during the period of the first republic, the presence of the Freemasonry on education can be marked. Therefore, the thesis concludes that these marks masonic persist until the present educational system in Brazil. Thus, it is expected that this thesis has contributed to a historiographical re-reading of relations between Education, School, State and Society, from the identification of possible marks bequeathed by Freemasonry in the field of Education.
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Gruson, François. "Pratique rituelle et forme de l'espace : le temple maçonnique : forme, type et signification." Thesis, Lille 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL30040/document.
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L’architecture des temples maçonniques constitue un patrimoine vivant, mais peu étudié, notamment dans le cadre de la recherche universitaire. Elle présente pourtant un double intérêt. En tant qu’objet d’étude, tout d’abord, elle offre des caractéristiques formelles, spatiales et stylistiques suffisamment marquantes pour qu’on puisse souhaiter en faire la description, en cherchant à la fois à en définir les limites et les invariants, et aussi à en cerner les différentes variations au travers de tropismes liés à l’histoire, la géographie ou la culture dans laquelle elle se développe. Cette architecture présente également un intérêt en tant que sujet de recherche : elle est strictement dictée par des rituels précis qui en définissent à la fois la forme, l’organisation et l’usage. De ce point de vue, cette étude permet tout d’abord de revisiter les notions de type et de modèle, telles qu’elles avaient été définies dans le cadre de l’analyse typo-morphologique développée par la critique italienne dans les années 1970. Elle permet ensuite d’établir un lien entre l’usage, ici codifié par le rituel, et la forme architecturale, et de proposer l’esquisse d’une théorie de la concrétion, dans laquelle la forme de l’espace architectural serait comprise comme le résultat d’une pratique ritualisée de l’espace. La thèse se développe en trois parties. La première partie, qui s’ouvre sur un état de l’art, est consacrée à l’approche méthodologique et aux développements de la recherche, grâce notamment aux moyens liés aux technologies numériques et à l’informatique, qui ont permis l’élaboration du corpus de la recherche. La seconde partie est consacrée à l’analyse de ce corpus, qui s’appuie sur la dimension sociale, symbolique et architecturale du temple maçonnique. Enfin, la troisième partie propose un extrait du catalogue raisonné du corpus. Cet extrait recouvre l’Europe et l’Amérique du NordThe architecture of the Masonic temples is a living heritage, but little studied, particularly in the context of academic research. Yet it has two advantages. As an object of study, first of all, it offers formal, spatial and sufficiently significant stylistic characteristics that we may wish to describe, seeking both to define the limits and invariants and also to identify different variations across tropisms related to history, geography or the culture in which it develops. This architecture offers also an interest as a subject of research: it is strictlydictated by specific rituals that define both form, organization and use. From this perspective, this study provides first revisit the concepts of type and model, as they were defined within the framework of the typo-morphological analysis developed by the Italian criticism in the 1970s. It establishes also a link between the use, here codifiedrituals, and architectural form, and suggest the outlines of a theory of concretion, within the form of architectural spaces would be understood as the result of ritualized practices of space. The thesis is developed in three parts. The first part, which opens a state ofknowledge, is devoted to the methodological approach and research developments, thanks to the means of digital technology and computers, which enabled the developmentof the corpus of research. The second part is devoted to the analysis of this corpus, based on the social, architectural and symbolic aspects of the Masonic Temple. The third part provides an extract of the of the corpus. This excerpt covers Europe and North America
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Voss, Christina L. "The universal language of Freemasonry a socio-linguistic study of an in-group's means of communication compared with ritualistic diction and symbolism of "profane" fraternities, and a survey of its general applicability /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969267843.
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Schuck, Maria Emilia Martins Pinto. "O anticlericalismo brasileiro: A Lanterna revisitada (1901-1935)." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21542.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The objective of this Dissertation is to analyze Brazilian anticlericalism in the newspaper A Lanterna (1901-1935). We understand that this newspaper was the main representative of the anti-clerical movement and it was widely publicized throughout Brazil in the 20th century. This only occurred mainly due to anticlerical leagues, Masonic strongholds, Kardecist spiritists and anarchists. Brazilian anticlericalism presented specific characteristics differentiated, for example, from French anticlericalism. We started with the hypothesis that Brazilian anticlericalism in the newspaper A Lanterna was much more religious than political, because through the analysis of the discourse contained in the newspaper we were able to identify elements of attack on clerics of a moral and dogmatic order. In addition, the social space was a field of contention for other religions in the context of the transition from monarchy to the Brazilian Republic. The process of laicization that began in the Constitution of 1891 and boosted the anticlerical Brazilian movement. We can observe that until the mid-1930s the religious clash was intense, characterized by various forms of contestation of the influence of the Catholic Church in the Brazilian public space
O objetivo desta Dissertação é analisar o anticlericalismo brasileiro no jornal A Lanterna (1901-1935). Entendemos que este jornal foi o principal representante do movimento anticlerical e teve larga divulgação por todo o Brasil no século XX. Isto somente ocorreu devido principalmente às ligas anticlericais, redutos de maçons, espiritas kardecistas e anarquistas. O anticlericalismo brasileiro apresentou características especificas diferenciado, por exemplo, do anticlericalismo francês. Partimos da hipótese de que o anticlericalismo Brasileiro no jornal A Lanterna, foi muito mais de cunho religioso do que político, pois através da análise do discurso contido no jornal conseguimos identificar elementos de ataque aos clérigos de ordem moral e dogmática. Além disso, o espaço social foi campo de disputa por outras religiões no contexto de transição da monarquia para a Republica Brasileira. O processo de laicização que se iniciou na Constituição de 1891 e impulsionou o movimento anticlerical Brasileiro. Podemos observar que até meados da década de 30 o embate religioso era intenso, caracterizado por diversas formas de contestação da influência da Igreja Católica no espaço público brasileiro
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Melnikova, Oxana. "La représentation de l’Orient musulman dans la littérature russe du XVIIIe et du XIXe siècle." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLP042.
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Depuis des siècles, le destin de la Russie est étroitement lié aux voisins et terres musulmanes, identifiés par les Russes comme l’Orient musulman. La littérature russe en témoigne. Pour voir la représentation de cet Orient musulman, de la figure du musulman et de divers types d’islam dans les ouvrages des hommes de lettres russes, nous avons donc dans la première partie de notre recherche vu la naissance, au début du XVIIIe siècle, de la littérature russe et la construction de l’image de l’Orient musulman. Nous avons ensuite, dans la deuxième partie de notre travail, tenté de suivre le développement de l’image du personnage du musulman au XIXe siècle qui se distingue par l’avancement de l’Empire russe au Caucase et en Asie centraleGeographically, Russia borders on the Muslim lands. These regions, with the various Muslim populations, were identified by the Russians, as the Muslim Orient and played an important role for Russia. The Russian literature is the witness. In order to analyze the representation of this Muslim Orient, the image of the Muslim and the various types of Islam in the works of Russian writers, we examined, in the first part of our study, at the beginning of the eighteenth century, the birth of Russian literature and the construction of the image of the Muslim Orient. In the second part of our study, we have tried to follow the development of the image of the Muslim Orient in the nineteenth century which is marked by the conquest of Russian Empire of the Caucasus and Central Asia
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Poulet, Célia. "L'apprentissage d'une pratique démocratique : l'exemple de la prise de parole en franc-maçonnerie." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10159.
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Au carrefour entre sociologies de la connaissance, de l’éducation et politique, cette thèse étudie certaines pratiques sociales de travail collectif par la prise de parole, que l’ on qualifie de démocratiques, et dont la Franc-maçonnerie est un terrain pris à titre d’exemple. Historiquement élitiste dans son recrutement, celle-ci a connu lors du siècle dernier une forte démocratisation. Il en résulte aujourd’hui une population socialement très hétérogène. Abordant la maçonnerie en tant que dispositif pédagogique tacite, ce travail se propose d’étudier les processus sociologiques en œuvre dans l’appropriation sociale d’un travail basé sur l’abstraction et la tranférabilité de relations symboliques. L’analyse de matériaux (entretiens, productions écrites réalisées par les Franc-maçons, textes officiels) permet de mettre en lumière certaines caractéristiques de cet apprentissage : élection, déprofanation et amélioration, construites à travers la cumulativité du travail collectif et la possibilité de sa révision. L’enjeu de ce sujet dépasse de ce fait la question des loges maçonniques. A travers une approche de cette pédagogie tacite, on cherche à éclairer les enjeux de l’apprentissage en termes de production et reproduction des savoirs, autour de la question fondamentale du droit à l’amélioration dans les structures pédagogiques et de l’élaboration d’une normativité collectiveAt the crossroad between sociology of knowledge, sociology of education and political sociology, this thesis examines certain social practices of collective work by public speaking of members, described as democratic. In this study, Freemasonry constitutes a revealing field of research. Historically characterised by a very elitist recruitment mode, Freemasonry has gone through a process of democratisation during the last century. As a result, Freemasonry shows much more social heterogeneity then before.. Considering Freemasonry as tacit pedagogic device, this research examines the sociological processes at work in the social appropriation of a practice based on abstraction and transferability of symbolic relations. The data analysis (interviews, written productions of masons, official texts) allows highlighting some specificities of this apprenticeship: election, déprofanation and improvement, which are built through the cumulativity of collective work and the possibility of revision. As a matter of fact, the interest of this study goes far beyond the Masonic lodges themselves. Using the concept of a tacit pedagogy, what is at stake is apprenticeship as production and reproduction of knowledge, including the fundamental issues of the right to improve within pedagogic structures and the elaboration of a collective normativity
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Veiga, Alexandre Trigo. "A identificação de termos de Maçonaria simbólica usando corpora comparáveis." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13692.
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Previous issue date: 2014-09-16The present research was developed in order to present an alternative methodology for gathering and identifying terms from a specific area of studies in comparable corpora in Portuguese and English using computer tools designed for linguistic analysis. The selected specific area is Symbolic Freemasonry and the compiled corpora for this study are manuals and rituals used by freemasons during their works that are available in the Internet. The computer tools used for this research are the WordSmith Tools 6.0, the zExtractor and the SketchEngine. The terms identified as a result of this research will provide relevant data for developing a bilingual glossary of Symbolic Freemasonry to aid translators and proof-readers who specialize in masonic works
Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida com o objetivo de apresentar uma metodologia alternativa para reunir e identificar termos de uma área específica em corpora comparáveis em português e inglês usando ferramentas computacionais de análise linguística. A área escolhida é a de Maçonaria Simbólica e os corpora compilados para este estudo são manuais e rituais utilizados pelos maçons em seus trabalhos disponíveis na Internet. As ferramentas computacionais usadas nesta pesquisa são o WordSmith Tools 6.0, o zExtractor e o SketchEngine. Os termos identificados como resultado desta pesquisa fornecerão dados relevantes para a elaboração de um glossário bilíngue para auxiliar tradutores e revisores que se especializam em obras maçônicas
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Tavares, Marcelo dos Reis [UNESP]. "Entre a cruz e o esquadro: o debate entre a Igreja Católica e a Maçonaria na imprensa francana (1882-1901)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93291.
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tavares_mr_me_fran.pdf: 439725 bytes, checksum: 55055e91c46bc7f4636bd725fea13587 (MD5)Nos pontificados dos papas Pio IX (1846-1878) e Leão XIII (1878-1903), a Igreja Católica intensificou seu combate aos erros modernos, como o racionalismo, o liberalismo, a Maçonaria e as demais filosofias presentes no processo de secularização da sociedade ocidental. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é analisar o debate ocorrido entre representantes da Igreja Católica e maçons nos jornais de Franca, entre os anos de 1882 e 1901, considerando as origens, características, especificidades e desdobramentos desse debate.
During the papacies of Pope Pio IX (1846 - 1878) and Leo XIII (1878 - 1903), the Catholic Church has intensified its pursue against the so-called modern errors, such as rationalism, liberalism, freemasonry and other philosophies which were part of the process of secularization in the western society. The aim of this research is to analyze the debate which took place between representatives of the Catholic Church and members of freemasonry in the press media of Franca from 1882 to 1901, considering its origins, chacarteristics, specific details and how it unfolded through this period.
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Tavares, Marcelo dos Reis. "Entre a cruz e o esquadro : o debate entre a Igreja Católica e a Maçonaria na imprensa francana (1882-1901) /." Franca : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93291.
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Orientador: Ivan Aparecido ManoelBanca: Júlio César Bentivoglio
Banca: Agnaldo de Sousa Barbosa
Resumo: Nos pontificados dos papas Pio IX (1846-1878) e Leão XIII (1878-1903), a Igreja Católica intensificou seu combate aos "erros modernos", como o racionalismo, o liberalismo, a Maçonaria e as demais filosofias presentes no processo de secularização da sociedade ocidental. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é analisar o debate ocorrido entre representantes da Igreja Católica e maçons nos jornais de Franca, entre os anos de 1882 e 1901, considerando as origens, características, especificidades e desdobramentos desse debate.
Abstract: During the papacies of Pope Pio IX (1846 - 1878) and Leo XIII (1878 - 1903), the Catholic Church has intensified its pursue against the so-called "modern errors", such as rationalism, liberalism, freemasonry and other philosophies which were part of the process of secularization in the western society. The aim of this research is to analyze the debate which took place between representatives of the Catholic Church and members of freemasonry in the press media of Franca from 1882 to 1901, considering its origins, chacarteristics, specific details and how it unfolded through this period.
Mestre
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Leroyer, Dominique. "D'un secret qui n'en serait pas un... : paradoxes communicationnels du "secret maçonnique"." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UBFCH022.
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Apparue en 1717 en Angleterre, propagée en France dans les années suivantes, la maçonnerie n’a toujours pas, trois siècles après sa naissance, une image stabilisée, tant elle est parcourue par des paradigmes de représentation contradictoires.Le « secret » dans cette médiation va constituer un élément clivant de représentation, qui fédère les imaginaires sombres de la maçonnerie, celui sur lequel se greffent les argumentaires les plus hostiles et les moins rationnels.Pourtant jamais en France la maçonnerie régulière, telle qu’elle s’exprima au XVIIIème siècle, d’abord par la Grande Loge de France, puis par le Grand Orient de France, enrichie ultérieurement par d’autres Obédiences, ne fut une société secrète.Dès l’origine, à l’instar de la maçonnerie anglaise, la maçonnerie française, fut connue et connaissable, dans sa structure, dans son fonctionnement, dans ses écrits, dans ses buts. Ses détracteurs, n’ont d’ailleurs eu qu’à puiser dans l’imposante littérature à disposition pour la combattre politiquement et socialement, médiatisant pour ce faire une image fausse de ce qu’elle est, construisant de toutes pièces l’assertion d’un secret inhérent à la maçonnerie.L’ambiguïté du mot « secret » a autorisé cet amalgame, dans la mesure où la franc-maçonnerie,a revendiqué le secret et l’ésotérisme qui en constituent une autre face, sur un plan spirituel et maïeutique. Fort de cette ambivalence, le secret maçonnique a enraciné une représentation de la maçonnerie ambiguë dont il constitue l’arrière-plan signifiant, car c’est toujours par lui, et par rapport à lui, que les différents discours portés sur la maçonnerie se positionnent.Ce discours sur le secret maçonnique, depuis le XVIIIème siècle jusqu’à aujourd’hui, s’organise autour d’un double paradoxe communicationnel.Le premier paradoxe communicationnel est constitué par l’oxymore suivant : énoncer comme secret quelque chose qui est publique. Oxymore de la proposition, car ce qui est public, par nature, n’est pas secret ; paradoxe en conséquence de la proposition qui affirme l’existence d’un secret maçonnique malgré l’évidence factuelle de son inexistence.Installé par la littérature de divulgation maçonnique (1738-1789), nous analyserons les ressorts discursifs de ce premier paradoxe communicationnel qui infuse le discours sur la maçonnerie en l’associant au secret alors qu’elle est factuellement totalement accessible et connaissable.Le second paradoxe, qui s’appuie sur le premier dont il est un développement, vise à essentialiser la maçonnerie à ce secret inexistant. Il prend sa naissance avec les Bulles Papales de CLÉMENT XII et BENOÎT XIV, et surtout, en 1798, avec les écrits d’Augustin BARRUEL suite au choc de la Révolution française. Cette essentialisation construit de la maçonnerie une image éloignée de sa réalité, organisationnelle, idéologique, humaine, sur laquelle il sera loisible à ses adversaires d’agréger des attributs négatifs pour mieux la combattre.Le discours du secret maçonnique, en réfutant à la maçonnerie sa réalité objective, devient ainsi le discours d’un environnement, social et politique, profondément ancré dans l’histoire, hostile à celle-ci, autant pour ce qu’elle est, que pour ce qu’elle représente. Le discours sur le secret maçonnique devient le lieu qui cristallise les interdiscours réactionnaires. Car depuis 1789, à travers l’antimaçonnisme du secret d’autres discours circulent, contrerévolutionnaire d’abord, puis antirépublicain, antisémite et aujourd’hui complotiste. Paradoxalement, les dictionnaires, en premier celui de l’Académie française, garants de l’épistémè dans le corps social furent un lieu de propagation de cette doxa.Présent depuis plusieurs siècles dans de nombreux discours et canaux de communication, le secret maçonnique, en tant que paradoxes communicationnels, est un mythe, au sens ou Roland BARTHES l’entend, qui structure durablement et profondément la représentation de la franc-maçonnerie dans la SociétéMasonry first appeared in England in 1717, and spread to France in the following years. Three centuries after its birth, it still does not have a stabilised image, so much so that it is traversed by contradictory paradigms of representation.In this mediation, "secrecy" was to become a divisive element of representation, federating the darker imaginations of masonry, the one on which the most hostile and least rational arguments were grafted.However, regular masonry in France, as it was expressed in the eighteenth century, first by the Grande Loge de France, then by the Grand Orient de France, later enriched by other Obediences, was never a secret society.From the outset, like English masonry, French masonry was known and recognisable in its structure, its workings, its writings and its aims. Its detractors have had no choice but to draw on the vast literature available to them to combat it politically and socially, using the media to create a false image of what it is and fabricating the assertion that masonry is inherently secretive.The ambiguity of the word "secret" has allowed this amalgam to take place, insofar as Freemasonry, on another dimension, has claimed the secrecy and esotericism that constitute another facet of it, on a spiritual and maieutic level. Thanks to this ambivalence, masonic secrecy has given rise to an ambiguous representation of masonry, of which it forms the signifying background, because it is always through it, and in relation to it, that the various discourses on masonry are positioned.This discourse on masonic secrecy, from the eighteenth century to the present day, is organised around a double communicational paradox.The first communicational paradox is constituted by the following oxymoron: to state as secret something that is public. This is an oxymoron of the proposition, because what is public, by nature, is not secret; a paradox as a result of the proposition that affirms the existence of a masonic secret despite the factual evidence of its non-existence.Established by the literature of masonic disclosure (1738-1789), we will analyse the discursive mechanisms of this first communicational paradox, which infuses the discourse on Masonry by associating it with secrecy even though it is factually totally accessible and knowable.The second paradox, which builds on the first and develops it further, aims to make masonry essential to this non-existent secret. It originated with the Papal Bulls of CLÉMENT XII and BENOÎT XIV, and above all, in 1798, with the writings of Augustin BARRUEL following the shock of the French Revolution. This essentialisation creates an image of masonry that is far removed from its organisational, ideological and human reality, and on which its opponents are free to attach negative attributes in order to combat it more effectively.The discourse of masonic secrecy, by denying masonry its objective reality, thus becomes the discourse of an environment, social and political, deeply rooted in history, hostile to it, as much for what it is as for what it represents. The discourse on masonic secrecy becomes the place where reactionary interdiscourses crystallise. Since 1789, other discourses have circulated through the anti-masonicism of secrecy, first counter-revolutionary, then anti-republican, anti-semitic and now conspiracy. Paradoxically, dictionaries, first and foremost that of the Académie française, guarantors of the episteme in the social body, were a place where this doxa was propagated.Present for several centuries in many discourses and channels of communication, the masonic secret, as a communicational paradox, is a myth, in the sense that Roland BARTHES understands it, which durably and profoundly structures the representation of freemasonry in Society
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Tancons, Gauthier. ""Moi mangrove" de "l'amor mundis" comme écosophie pour un enseignement actionnable et enseignable du patrimoine immatériel culturel en Guadeloupe. : Une épistémologie du vivre ensemble laïc en aire créolophone. L'esclavage, l'éducation, la franc-maçonnerie." Thesis, Perpignan, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PERP0009.
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Les stéréotypes historiques attribués aux Noirs peuvent-ils déterminer l’infériorité du Guadeloupéen?J’expose comment à l’aune du régime diurne et nocturne de l’Imaginaire, en actionnant les connaissances de type mécaniste et organique en état potentiel dans mon enseignement et mes thèses soutenues, j’ai eu l’opportunité de négocier ma part d’ombre, de « fendre la gueule » du Maître paranoïaque, d’absoudre le temps par des armes non prométhéennes et proposé une éducation de compagnonnage pour une épistémologie de vivre ensemble laïc sans sentiment victimaire.Par des prolégomènes portant les fondamentaux de ma thèse je rends attentif aux connaissances endormies dans les structures de l’Imaginaire, la métaphore Moi-Mangrove agissant par éthique/esthétique, je rends attentif à des paradoxes dont l’Imaginaire permet de déceler les images archétypales d’émancipation cognitive rendues actionnables dans le traitement des jeux, jouets et traditions populaires et dans le traitement de l’environnement, comme jeux pédagogiques selon les classifications et catégories de Roger Caillois traduisant concrétisation, individuation, dialogie et le comprendre pour faire et faire pour comprendre.Une éducation surplombante pouvait suggérer une forme aliénante d’émancipation par des armes prométhéennes, nous proposons comme alternative une enseignabilité de connaissances actionnables et enseignables qui n’est pas une encapsulation de savoir mais un suivi dynamique d’un corpus de connaissances en expansion qui ne s’arrête pas à des connaissances spéculatives, avoir un toit et une possibilité de manger mais à une émancipation cognitive dont les armes sont savoir, réflexion et connaissancesAre Guadeloupeans determined by stereotypes attributed to blacks resulting in an inferiority complex ?I expose how, in light of the diurnal and nocturnal imaginary regimes by actualizing the potential of mecanist and organic knowledges in my teaching and past theses, I have been able to negotiate my share of shadow, to wreak havoc on the paranoid Master, to absolve time with non-Promethean weapons and to propose an education of compagnonnage for an epistemology of secular living together devoid of victimizing feelings.Through prolegomena that carry the fundamentals of my current thesis, I awake sleeping knowledges from the structures of the Imaginary, the metaphore of Me-Mangrove acting through an ethics aesthetics. I further bring attention to paradoxes from which the Imaginary can extricate archetypal images of cognitive emancipation made actionnable through an analysis of play, games, and popular traditions as pedagogical instruments according to the classifications of Roger Caillois concretization, individuation, and dialogy—and the notion of understanding both as understanding to create and creating to understand. Finally, I also carry out this analysis of the structure of the Guadeloupe an Imaginary through her relationship to the natural and man-made environment and risks.An over reaching, top down education could suggest an alienating form of liberation through promethean weapons. I suggest instead, as an alternative, the teaching of actionable knowledges that does not encapsulate knowledge but is a dynamic following of a corpus of expanding knowledges that go beyond the speculative and amount to a cognitive emancipation whose weapons are knowledge and reflection
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Rossi, Robert. "Léo Taxil : [1854-1917] : du journalisme anticlérical à la mystification transcendante." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3063.
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Dans le contexte politique national si paradoxal de République monarchiste [1871-1879], la presse satirique radicale marseillaise est essentiellement animée par une poignée de jeunes journalistes à l'humour corrosif qui s'assignent pour mission de s'attaquer aux moeurs et aux vices de leur temps. De cette équipe, une personnalité controversée se détache : Léo Taxil, personnage à la conscience « accommodante », pris dès l'adolescence dans une sorte de fuite en avant et une volonté d'indépendance, dues à la nécessité de très tôt devoir gagner sa vie et qui côtoie les grands courants de pensée de son époque, se rangeant tour à tour dans les deux camps profondément antagonistes de la période. Sa conversion au catholicisme et la mystification dont il s'est rendu coupable à travers l'affaire Diana Vaughan ont fait couler beaucoup d'encre et focalisé l'attention de ses contemporains, puis des chercheurs. Pourtant, si de nombreux ouvrages évoquent le parcours atypique de Léo Taxil pour tenter d'expliquer son formidable canular, ils passent de façon succincte sur des épisodes marquants de son existence. Or, qu'en a-t-il été de la vie même de Taxil ? De ses premiers combats exaltés, feints ou réels, de son anticléricalisme militant, associé à des activités lucratives, éléments qui préfigurent son invraisemblable conversion au catholicisme et ses révélations sur la « franc-maçonnerie luciférienne » auxquelles une partie non négligeable du clergé s'est ralliée ? En quoi ce polémiste marseillais est-il révélateur des problèmes de son temps, complètement investi dans les luttes féroces que se livrent républicains laïcs et catholiques conservateurs ?In such a paradoxical national political context of a monarchist Republic [1871-1879], the radical satirical press of Marseille is essentially run by a handful of young journalists with a sharp sense of humour who set themselves the task of tackling the custom and vices of their time. Out of this team, a controversial figure stood out : Léo Taxil. Manipulator, with an "accommodating" conscience, desperate to achieve his aims, caught as early as a teenager in a kind of headlong rush with a desire of independence due to the very early need to earn a living, he met the great currents of thought of his time, and unscrupulously and seemingly without a second thought, alternately sided with two strongly antagonistic camps. His conversion to Catholicism and his hoax in the Diana Vaughan case were much written about, and were the focus of attention for his contemporaries and later for researchers. Yet, if these works evoke the atypical path of Leo Taxil in order to try and explain his tremendous hoax, they succinctly go over significant events in his life. But beyond the very much narrated and commented hoax, what about Taxil's very life? What about his early enthusiastic battles, whether feigned or real, what about his militant anticlericalism, coupled with lucrative activities, elements that prefigure his improbable conversion to catholicism and his revelations about the "Luciferian Freemasonry" eventually joined by a significant part of the clergy? In what way is this Marseille polemicist indicative of the problems of his time, fully invested in the fierce battles between non religious Republicans and conservative Catholics ?
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Brown-Peroy, Amanda. "La franc-maçonnerie et la notion de secret dans l'Angleterre du XXe siècle : de la Seconde Guerre mondiale aux années 2000." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30039/document.
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Les motivations de cette organisation ont toujours intrigué, voire dérangé, de nombreux observateurs extérieurs, pour des raisons qui allaient de pair avec l’époque : les questions religieuses ont toujours occupé une place prépondérante, au XVIIIe siècle comme de nos jours, bien que le débat se soit déplacé quelque peu. Une certaine incompréhension demeure toujours, alimentée par les francs-maçons eux-mêmes et la nature même de la fraternité, à savoir son aspect secret, ou du moins discret. Une constante qui est partagée à travers les siècles et les pays, et que les francs-maçons de toutes les grandes loges tentent de contrer, niant l’accusation selon laquelle la Franc-maçonnerie serait une « société secrète », admettant seulement le fait qu’elle est une société « avec des secrets ». La distinction étant ténue, elle est souvent perdue aux yeux des « profanes », c'est-à-dire des non-initiés, qui bien souvent portent un regard si ce n’est négatif, du moins prudent, sur cette association qui tait volontairement une partie de ses rites au public. On ne peut discuter de la nature secrète de la Franc-maçonnerie sans évoquer la contrepartie négative qu’elle soulève, à savoir « l’anti-maçonnisme » et la théorie du complot, apparu dès la fin du XVIIIe siècle, et régulièrement « ressuscité ». Nous étudierons plusieurs affaires soulignant ces accusations conspirationnistes, dont les médias, notamment durant la deuxième moitié du XXe siècle, se sont fait le relai. Cette étude abordera plusieurs grandes thématiques liées au secret : la place des femmes, la religion, la presse et les médias, la police et la justice, les enjeux de la Seconde Guerre Mondiale etcThe goals of this fraternity have always intrigued, nay disturbed, many outsiders, for reasons which were linked to the historical context of the time : religious questions have always been in the forefront of the debate on freemasonry, from the XVIIIth century until the present day, although the debate has somehow slightly shifted. However, a feeling of uncertainty remains, fuelled by the masons themselves and the very nature of the fraternity, that is to say its secret aspect, or if not secret, at least very discreet. This trend is shared between all countries and across the centuries, but is a notion the masons of every Grand Lodge try to refute, arguing that, contrary to common belief, freemasonry is not a “secret society” but a “society with secrets”. The distinction is quite slim and is often lost on the profanes, those who are not initiated, who therefore often have a negative view, or are, to say the least, wary of this organization which keeps its secrets well hidden. One cannot discuss the secret nature of freemasonry without broaching on the corollary aspect it inevitably raises, that is to say anti-masonry and conspiracy theory, which appeared as early as the XVIIIth century, and regularly rise up to the surface. We shall study different cases underlining this conspiracy theory, related by the media, especially in the second half of the XXth century. This thesis will broach several themes related to the notion of secrecy : the position of women, religion, the press and the media in general, the stakes of World War II etc
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Tase, Nozomu. "Construire l'espace maçonnique : Les loges bordelaises des Lumières au Premier Empire." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR2023.
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Apparues au XVIIe siècle dans les îles Britanniques, les loges maçonniques se diffusent rapidement dans les villes européennes et coloniales au cours du siècle des Lumières avec un projet cosmopolite d’établir un espace de commerce libre et fraternel par-delà les frontières politiques, religieuses, nationales et géographiques. Dans le royaume de France où il n’y a que des associations légales reconnues par le roi ou l’Église et intégrées dans la société des ordres et des corps, le succès de la sociabilité maçonnique est exceptionnel au sein de la sociabilité d’Ancien Régime par son implantation rapide et durable, ses réseaux internationaux, et son ouverture sociale. Cette thèse a pour objectif d’analyser comment et pourquoi les contemporains s’engagent à construire, organiser, contrôler, délimiter et reconfigurer les espaces et réseaux de sociabilité maçonnique au fil du temps, des Lumières à la fin du Premier Empire à partir d’une métropole maçonnique de premier plan, tant au niveau régional, que national et européen : Bordeaux. Pour faire une micro-histoire des loges bordelaises en temps de « transition révolutionnaire », nous avons eu recours à l’exploitation systématique de nouvelles sources maçonniques provenant de Moscou et de Minsk, sans oublier la relecture minutieuse des documents maçonniques conservés à la Bibliothèque nationale de France, la Bibliothèque municipale et les Archives municipales de Bordeaux, les Archives départementales de la Gironde et de l’Hérault. Au terme de cette recherche, on parvient à trois constats majeurs. En analysant notamment les fonctions de l’instance locale de régulation maçonnique –de la Loge Générale fondée au milieu des années 1740 à la Grande Loge Provinciale sous le Premier Empire en passant par la fédération de loges sous la Révolution–, nous avons mis en évidence la part de l’initiative locale dans l’organisation, le maintien et la survie de l’espace maçonnique, ainsi que les relations complexes et contradictoires des loges bordelaises avec l’obédience dite nationale et située à la capitale. Notre thèse a également mis en relief les différentes formes de solidarité et de bienfaisance maçonnique en cours de passage de la charité chrétienne à la philanthropie laïque, non seulement comme une dynamique structurante de l’espace maçonnique tant locale que nationale, mais aussi comme un moyen privilégié de dialogue avec le monde extérieur pour une forme de sociabilité non patentée et marginalisée. Enfin, cette recherche contribue à l’approfondissement des connaissances sur l’histoire révolutionnaire de la franc-maçonnerie française, en mesurant les emprises des événements révolutionnaires sur l’espace maçonnique de Bordeaux à travers la mise en éclairage des réactions et adaptations des loges aux nouvelles donnes politiques et sociales, pour insister sur la survie voire la vitalité exceptionnelle de la sociabilité maçonnique sous la Révolution, y compris la Terreur, avec le « réveil » rapide sous la Convention thermidorienne et le DirectoireAppeared in the 17th century in the British Isles, Masonic lodges spread rapidly in European and colonial cities during the 18th century with a cosmopolitan project to establish a free and fraternal space of sociability beyond the political, religious, national and geographical boundaries. In the French kingdom, where there were only legal associations recognized by the King or the Church and integrated into the society of orders and corporations, the success of Freemasonry was exceptional within the sociability of Old Regime by its fast and durable implantation, its international networks, and its social openness. This thesis aims to analyze how and why contemporaries commit themselves to construct, organize, control, delimit and reconfigure the spaces and networks of Masonic sociability from the Enlightenment to the end of the First Empire in Bordeaux, a major Masonic center at the regional, national and European level. To make a micro-history of Bordeaux lodges in times of "revolutionary transition", the author resorted to the systematic exploitation of new Masonic sources from Moscow and Minsk, without forgetting the careful re-reading of Masonic documents preserved at the National Library of France, the Municipal Library and the Municipal Archives of Bordeaux, the Departmental Archives of Gironde and Herault. At the end of this research, the author achieved three main findings. By analyzing the functions of the local authority of Masonic regulation from the Loge Générale founded in the mid-1740s to the federation of lodges during the Revolution and the Provincial Grand Lodge under the First Empire, this thesis has highlighted the importance of local initiative in the organization, maintenance and survival of the Masonic space, and the complex and contradictory relations of the Bordeaux lodges with the national obedience located in the capital. This thesis has also described the different forms of Masonic solidarity and beneficence in the process of passing from Christian charity to secular philanthropy, not only as a dynamic of the Masonic fraternity, but also as a means of dialogue with the outside world for a form of sociability without official patents. Finally, this thesis has clarified the continuity and vitality of Masonic sociability under the Revolution with its rapid reprise of activity under the Thermidorian Convention and the Directory by analyzing the reactions and adaptations of the lodges to the change of political and social conditions in order to expand the knowledge on the Revolutionary history of French Freemasonry
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Blanchard, Stéphane. "Une lecture sociologique et anthropologique du fait éducatif dans l'institution maçonnique." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR129.
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Cette thèse porte sur les « Une lecture sociologique et anthropologique du fait éducatif dans l’institution maçonnique » et plus particulièrement sur les obédiences françaises en activité. Elle s’attache à montrer que la méthode maçonnique est bien une méthode éducative, hébergeant des contenus pédagogiques et didactiques. Pour étudier les invariants éducatifs (principes, démarches, techniques, outils), il a été privilégié une analyse comparative entre de contenus provenant du « socle commun de connaissances, de compétences et de culture » établi par le ministère de l’éducation nationale et de la jeunesse et celui défini lors de la cérémonie d’initiation et ses corollaires à travers la mise à disposition de sa boite à outils symboliques. Nous en expliciterons le contenu en nous appuyant sur l’analyse des résultats provenant de matériaux (questionnaires, entretiens semis-directifs, observations participantes) mais aussi au regard des valeurs dont se réclame la franc-maçonnerie que sont l’éducabilité, la perfectibilité et l’universalité. Il s’agit également de constater si la méthode maçonnique relève d'un cadre explicatif de l'apprentissage avec l’analyse de la typologie des contenus et les stratégies biographiques mises en œuvre par l’homo masonicus. La cérémonie d’initiation est, ici, définie préalablement comme une activité de socialisation primaire permanente dont l’homo masonicus utilise les ressources pour actualiser régulièrement son capital biographique et renouveler son expérience biographique. Il est question de recontextualiser les unités biographiques du capital dans la biographie collective de la loge. Nous avons analysé les biographies individualisées, les processus d’apprentissage observés en loge mais aussi les stratégies métacognitives mises en place et nous les avons comparé à la grille de lecture de la taxonomie de Bloom. La thèse porte sur l’analyse thématique de transmission des savoirs et des identités plurielles à travers une lecture pluridisciplinaire principalement articulée autour de quatre axes : sociologique, anthropologique, biographique et le dernier inscrit dans les sciences de l’éducation en général. Dans cette perspective, ces quatre axes s’attachent à montrer les étapes successives de l'analyse de contenu via la grille d’analyse conçue pour cette recherche. Il s’agit d’analyser et de porter un regard critique des processus d’une intériorisation de la pratique éducative en loge et de ses transpositions réciproques à l’extérieur dans un principe dialogique. Enfin, pour éclairer cela, nous avons dû préciser le contexte socio-historique dont se réclament les obédiences françaises et en quoi un nombre d’invariants sont largement inspirés du système traditionnel de transmission de connaissances et de formation à un métier, qui s'ancre principalement dans des communautés de guildes, des gens de métiers et plus largement des corporations comme celles des bâtisseurs de cathédralesThis thesis focuses on "a sociological and anthropological reading of the educational fact in the Masonic institution" and more particularly on the French obedience in activity. It strives to demonstrate that the Masonic method is indeed an educational method, hosting educational and didactic contents. To study educational invariants (principles, approaches, techniques, tools), a comparative analysis of content from the "common base of knowledge, skills and culture" established by the Ministry of Education was performed. The initiation ceremony and its corollaries through the provision of its symbolic toolbox. We explain the content based on the analysis of the results from materials (questionnaires, semi-directive interviews, participating observations) and with regard to the values claimed by Freemasonry: educability, perfectibility and universality. Furthermore, we explain whether the Masonic method falls within an explanatory framework of learning with the analysis of the typology of contents and the biographical strategies implemented by Homo masonicus. The initiation ceremony is defined beforehand as a permanent primary socialization activity in which Homo masonicus uses resources to regularly update his biographical capital and renew his biographical experience. Thus, it recontextualizes the biographical units of capital in the collective biography of the Lodge. We analyzed individualized biographies, the learning processes observed in the lodge and the established metacognitive strategies and we compared them to the reading grid of Bloom's taxonomy. The thesis focuses on the thematic analysis of the transmission of knowledge and plural identities through a pluri-disciplinary reading, mainly articulated around four axes: sociological, anthropological, biographical and educational, in general. From this perspective, these four axes focus on demonstrating the successive stages of content analysis through the analysis grid designed for this research. The axes critically analyze the processes of an internalization of the educational practice in the lodge and of its reciprocal transposition to the outside in a dialogic principle.To illuminate this topic, we had to clarify the socio-historical context of the French obedience and explain how several invariants are largely inspired by the traditional system of transmission of knowledge and training to a profession, which is anchored mainly in guild communities, craft-people and, more broadly, corporations like cathedral builders
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Plaza, Benimeli Natalia. "La depuración del magisterio como forma de control social." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/289982.
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Para trazar nuestra tesis hemos intentado dos caminos: el general y el particular.
En el marco general nos hemos remontado al año 1812, luz primera del liberalismo político en la historia constitucional, para desde entonces dibujar una introducción histórica que señale los hitos del siglo XIX en lo relacionado con la enseñanza pública y con la forma autoritaria o tolerante, contenida o magnánima, de su regulación y organización desde el poder estatal.
Resultan especialmente vivas en tal camino las llamadas cuestiones universitarias de las décadas de 1860 y 1870, en las cuales la tensión entre el conservadurismo gubernamental y la libertad de cátedra defendida desde la Universidad estallaron en sendos frutos posteriores, en la primera cuestión, en la Gloriosa revolución y la Primera República, y en la segunda, en la fundación de la Institución Libre de Enseñanza. El ideario institucionista está particularmente presente en nuestro trabajo, pues no hay forma de narrar los logros educativos de la Segunda República sin mencionar una y otra vez la abundancia de ideas progresistas que en las aulas de la Institución cobraron pulso y llama para alcanzar desde allí los despachos del Ministerio de Instrucción Pública.
Uno de los capítulos de este trabajo se dedica a la masonería y a su relación con la educación en tiempos de la Segunda República, ligando con los progresos que en 1931-1933 se consiguieron en dotación material y laicismo en la escuela, con los problemas que la cuestión religiosa planteó en la aprobación de la Constitución de 1931 y con dos casos concretos de políticos masones que además fueron maestros y en algún momento ocuparon un alto cargo en el Ministerio de Instrucción Pública: José Ballester Gozalvo y Pedro Armasa Briales.
Esto nos lleva al otro enfoque que en nuestra tesis se ha intentado: el camino persona a persona. Hemos buscado ya desde el XIX y en pleno siglo XX personalidades relacionadas estrechamente con el mundo de la educación a través de cuya vida y obra pudiéramos respirar el ansia que la libertad de enseñanza inspiró a varias generaciones.
Hemos tomado como punto de partida de una genealogía que en varias ramas toparía con la represión franquista y en escalones anteriores con otros ámbitos del mundo educativo la figura de Agustín Sardá Llabería, maestro, escritor, político, profesor de la Institución, y raíz junto con su hermana Juliana de la que parten los casos que después en este trabajo estudiamos: la rama de Mercedes, hija de Agustín, nos lleva a las Misiones Pedagógicas y al estudio de la obra de Alejandro Casona Nuestra Natacha, inspirada en una nieta de Agustín Sardá. La rama de Sara, la otra hija de Agustín, nos lleva a la familia Ontañón Sardá, con la que también emparenta otra pedagoga insigne de aquellos tiempos, María Sánchez Arbós.
Siguiendo la rama de los hijos de Juliana Sardá Llabería encontramos también múltiples casos de profesionales de la pedagogía y entre ellos muchos que sufrieron la depuración franquista: es señalado el caso del maestro rural Antonio Benaiges Nogués, fusilado en julio de 1936 por defender y practicar una educación laica y progresista, y también lo son los de los maestros María Nogués Vidiella y Juan Benimeli Navarro, encargados durante la guerra de la Escuela Freinet de Barcelona y sancionados ambos tras la victoria franquista.
Los manuscritos de Juan Benimeli nos dan una aproximación espontánea a la vida de un maestro en la Barcelona de los años 30 y 40, y además nos traen otras noticias: las de maestros reconocidos entonces por su disciplina y progresismo, maestros como Félix Martí Alpera, Rosa Sensat o Virgilio Hueso, de los cuales también hemos detallado su situación y proceso.
Por estar en el círculo de amistades de la familia Sardá Nogués en el entorno tarraconense de Montroig del Camp, por estar además vinculada a las Misiones Pedagógicas y constituir un ejemplo claro de una carrera funcionarial brillante frustrada por las circunstancias políticas, hemos traído a la tesis a la bibliotecaria depurada María Moliner Ruiz, conocida sobre todo por su Diccionario publicado en 1966, y casada con un catedrático de Universidad también depurado y a quien también estudiamos: Fernando Ramón Ferrando.
En todos los casos en que ha sido posible analizamos detalladamente los expedientes de depuración de las personalidades estudiadas y las consecuencias que tuvieron en sus vidas.
Como culminación de nuestro estudio hemos querido ver uno a uno los aproximadamente 52.000 expedientes de depuración de maestros de enseñanza primaria y 1.200 de docentes de segunda enseñanza que constan en el Archivo General de la Administración de Alcalá de Henares. Hemos tomado nota del nombre de cada uno de los sancionados y de la signatura de su expediente, y hemos registrado también la cantidad de docentes confirmados en su cargo en cada provincia, elaborando así un extenso cuadro que se puede consultar en el capítulo 19 de esta tesis. Al comienzo del mismo exponemos la metodología concreta seguida para tal recuento.
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Ayers, Hannah R. "Founding Freemasons "Ancient" and "Modern" Masons in the founding era of America with particular emphasis on Masons Benjamin Franklin and George Washington /." Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 2008. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.
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Venkaya-Reichert, Sandra Danielle Brinda. "La franc-maçonnerie à l'Ile Maurice de 1778 à 1915 : entre influences françaises et britanniques, la construction d'une identité mauricienne." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BOR30012/document.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse étudiera la franc-maçonnerie de traditions européennes qui se transforma au cœur des périodes colonisatrices française et britannique de 1778 à 1915. Les loges du Grand Orient de France qui s’implantèrent, sous la colonisation française de l’Isle de France, à la fin du XVIIIe siècle furent des pionnières de la maçonnerie dans un pays qui vécut, simultanément, une nouvelle période de colonisation britannique, à partir de 1810, et des changements drastiques aux niveaux démographique, socio-économique, ethnique et politique. Le fait maçonnique ne put que changer intrinsèquement dans le contexte insulaire multiculturel alors que la colonie, n’ayant pas de peuples autochtones, devint le terreau d’une multitude de traditions européennes, africaines et asiatiques. La maçonnerie locale acquit, grâce aux échanges entre les loges françaises et les nouvelles obédiences qui s’implantèrent (la Grande Loge Unie d’Angleterre, la Grande Loge d’Ecosse, la Grande Loge d’Irlande et le Suprême Conseil de France), une identité insulaire et mauricienne. Cette thèse montrera comment l’institution maçonnique mit en exergue la possibilité de construire une cohésion et un espace de partage à certains moments-clés de l’histoire du pays. Cependant, les loges françaises et britanniques eurent à faire face aux grands défis socio-politiques, économiques et religieux du XIXe siècle et du début du XXe siècle. En effet, les maçons furent aussi en proie aux divisions et conflits liés au multiculturalisme et à la pluriethnicité de la société coloniale. Cette thèse démontrera, en l’occurrence, comment la franc-maçonnerie de plusieurs obédiences développa des fonctionnements et des traditions influencés par le contexte et put maintenir un œcuménisme malgré les difficultés. Pourtant, la fin du XXe siècle entraîna les loges dans des divergences religieuses, idéologiques et institutionnelles et certains éléments, qui firent du laboratoire maçonnique mauricien un exemple des valeurs universelles et de la fraternité internationale, devinrent les sources mêmes de divisionsThis thesis will study freemasonry coming from European cultures which was transformed in the midst of French and British colonising periods from 1778 to 1915. The Grand Orient de France lodges, which settled under the French colonising regime of Isle de France at the end of the 18th century, introduced freemasonry in a country which underwent, simultaneously, a new British colonising era, as from 1810, and deep changes on the demographic, socio-economic, ethnic and political levels. Freemasonry could not but profoundly change in this insular multicultural context as the colony, which did not have any indigenous population, became the melting pot of various European, African and Asian traditions. Local freemasonry acquired, owing to the relations of the French lodges with the different lodges which were created (of the United Grand Lodge of England, the Grand Lodge of Scotland, the Grand Lodge of Ireland and the Suprême Conseil de France), an insular and Mauritian identity. This thesis will show how the Craft enabled cohesion and provided a place for sharing at some milestones in the history of the country. However, the French and British lodges had to face the grand socio-political, economic and religious challenges of the 19th century. In fact, the freemasons had also to experience the divisions and conflicts induced by the multicultural and multi-ethnic colonial society. Therefore, this thesis will to show how freemasonry from different grand lodges developed practices and traditions influenced by the context and were able to uphold ecumenism in spite of the obstacles. However, the lodges got caught into religious, ideological and institutional conflicts at the end of the 19th century and some components, which made of the Mauritian masonic laboratory an example of universal values and international fraternalism, eroded