Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Freire, Paulo, Adult education Church and education'

The purpose of this research was to create understanding about Freire's critical pedagogy with its compelling emphasis on student-centered learning and social justice. The researcher maintained that Freire's work either has been distorted or has the potential to be distorted because of limited philosophical inquiry. To address this concern, then. This study explores two key elements of Freire's work. First, it identifies various philosophical assumptions shaping Freire's critical pedagogy. Second, it examines how Freire synthesized these philosophical ideas. Ultimately, the researcher discusses how these ideas might find application in adult education.An historical and philosophical approach was used in this study. The philosophies of Aristotle, Karl Marx, and Jean-Paul Sartre are important historical and philosophical components in Freire's narratives. In the Nichomachean Ethics, Aristotle argued that the characteristics distinguishing humans from all other entities or their "excellence", is their ability to reason. Freire adopted and expanded this idea by arguing that denying humans the opportunity to reason is a prima facie violation of their basic humanity. The dialectical social conflict that Freire identifies between the oppressors and the oppressed is directly indebted to Marx's theory of dialectical materialism. Lastly. Jean-Paul Sartre's existentialism is a philosophy concerned with `being' and 'existence' which are recurring concepts in Freire's philosophical synthesis. Furthermore, this work is informed by my personal experiences in Latin America.The research concludes that Freire was particularly concerned about ideological influences on human consciousness and actions. Freire continually addressed ideological influence through a Marxist analysis. He recognized that humans are shaped by social ideas. Freire's observations provide many opportunities for progressive educators to critique their adult education curriculum and practice. The researcher concluded that; 1) Educators should be aware that Freire is not a method. In other words, educators should create their own methods; 2) Critical reflection on practice has the potential to influence one's ontology; 3) Dialogue is a central element to critical reflection on practice; 4) Teaching and learning are enhanced by contextualization and politicizing of experiences and; 5) Problem-posing education engages students through dialogue and experiential learning.
Department of Educational Studies

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CAPEs
A proposta educativa construída por Paulo Freire busca desenvolver um processo de ensino e aprendizagem comprometido com a formação humana dos sujeitos numa visão integral, envolvendo as dimensões afetivas, sociais, políticas, epistemológicas e éticas. Para Souza (2007), essa formação pode ocorrer na prática docente articulada com os demais integrantes da prática pedagógica da instituição formadora. Assim, buscamos neste trabalho compreender os princípios da humanização em Paulo Freire vivenciados na prática pedagógica docente da Educação de Jovens e Adultos da Secretaria de Educação de Olinda. Para entender a concepção de humanização, nos referenciamos em Freire (1979a, b, 2003, 2006a, b, 2009 ) e outros autores que coadunam com as mesmas ideias, como Souza (2007a, b) Saul (2013), Giroux (1997a, b), Santiago (2006a, b). Para o trato do conceito de prática pedagógica e prática docente recorremos a Souza (2009), Cunha (2005), Veiga (1989) e Zabala (1998). Na pesquisa privilegiamos a abordagem qualitativa e como procedimentos para produção e coleta de dados utilizamos a pesquisa documental, a entrevista semiestruturada e a observação. A organização e o tratamento dos dados tomaram por base a Análise de Conteúdo, Bardin (2008), enquanto que a delimitação do campo e dos sujeitos colaboradores partiu de um estudo das propostas curriculares dos municípios de Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Camaragibe e Olinda, os quais mostraram aproximações com os pressupostos da educação humanizadora de Paulo Freire. A análise dos dados revelou que os princípios da educação humanizadora de Paulo Freire na EJA se materializaram através da prática dialógica permeada pela criticidade e amorosidade na relação professor(a)-conhecimento-estudante. Na dimensão da criticidade o ser humano foi compreendido como ser social e histórico, capaz de estabelecer relações com o outro e com o seu contexto, na busca permanente de ser mais. A prática educativa dialógica e amorosa se traduziu no incentivo à fala e à escuta como um processo que se constrói para desenvolver uma postura democrática, no respeito aos diferentes ritmos de aprendizagem e para ajudar a promover o respeito às diferenças‟. Em síntese, os fundamentos da proposta curricular da Secretaria Municipal de Olinda, apoiados nas discussões de Paulo Freire, assim como o trabalho desenvolvido pela Coordenação de Jovens e Adultos, tomam forma com a prática pedagógica docente na perspectiva da humanização desenvolvida pelas professoras no chão da escola, revelando a compreensão de Souza (2007) sobre a prática docente interligada à prática pedagógica institucional.
The educational proposal developed by Paulo Freire aims to develop a teaching and learning process committed to the human construction of the subject in a full view, involving affective, social, political, epistemological and ethical dimensions. As Souza states (2007), such construction might occur in teaching practice coordinated with other members of the pedagogical practice of the educational institution. Therefore, in this work we aim to comprehend the principles of humanization in Paulo Freire experienced in teaching pedagogical practice of the Youth and Adult Education of Olinda Secretary of Education. In order to understand the concept of humanization we reference to Freire (1979a, b, 2003, 2006a, b) and other authors who comply with the same ideas such as Souza (2007a, b) Saul (2013) Giroux (1997a, b), Santiago (2006a, b). To deal with the concepts of pedagogical practice and teaching practice we address to Souza (2009), Cunha (2005), Veiga (1989) e Zabala (1998). In the research we favor a qualitative approach. The procedures used for data production and data collection were the documentary research, semi-structured interviews and participant observation. The organization and processing of data were based on Content Analysis, Bardin (2008). Besides, the delimitation of the field and collaborating subjects came from a study of the curricular proposals from the cities of Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Olinda and Camaragibe, which showed approaches with the assumptions of humanizing education of Paulo Freire. Data analysis revealed that the principles of humanizing education of Paulo Freire in Youth and Adult education materialized through dialogic practice permeated by criticality and loveliness in the teacher-student-knowledge relationship. Within the aspect of criticality, the human being was understood as a social and historical being, able to establish relationships with each other and with their environment, in permanent search to be more. The dialogical and loving educational practice has resulted in encouraging of speaking and listening as a process that is built to develop a democratic attitude; respect for different rates of learning and to help promote respect for differences. In summary, the fundamentals of the curricular proposal of the Municipal Secretary of Olinda established on Paulo Freire discussions, as well as the work of the Coordination of Youth and Adults take shape with the teaching pedagogical practice from the perspective of humanization developed by teachers in the school ground, revealing an understanding of Souza (2007) on the interconnected teaching practice and institutional pedagogical practice.

Orientador: Fábio Fernandes Villela
Resumo: Este trabalho versa sobre a alfabetização de jovens e adultos na perspectiva pedagógica histórico-crítica. A problemática desta pesquisa reside na busca de propostas pedagógicas aliadas a uma concepção crítica e dialética de alfabetização para jovens e adultos. Neste percurso foi feito o diálogo com o método Paulo Freire de alfabetização de adultos em sua versão original. O objetivo do diálogo foi o de estabelecer os postulados de cada vertente pedagógica em relação a alfabetização, de modo a esclarecer suas aproximações e divergências, buscando incorporar por superação aspectos do método de Paulo Freire que possam contribuir para a construção de uma proposta de alfabetização histórico-crítica. Para contextualizar a modalidade de ensino de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) foi feito um levantamento histórico e dos marcos legais da EJA no Brasil, reconhecendo as especificidades desta modalidade de ensino e o seu espaço dentro das políticas públicas. Sendo a alfabetização também objeto de estudo desta pesquisa, é feita uma análise crítica sobre a chamada “querela dos métodos” buscando a superação dialética dos principais métodos já existentes, identificando o que eles possuem de válido e os rearticulando em uma nova proposta na perspectiva histórico-crítica de alfabetização, onde alguns autores defendem a centralidade da palavra no ensino da escrita. É a partir desta ideia que se faz a aproximação com método Paulo Freire, que também parte da palavra para alfabetizar. A partir ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This work deals with the literacy of youth and adults in the historical-critical pedagogical perspective. The problem of this research lies in the search for pedagogical proposals combined with a critical and dialectical conception of literacy for young people and adults. In this path, a dialogue was made with the Paulo Freire method of adult literacy in its original version. The objective of the dialogue was to establish the postulates of each pedagogical aspect in relation to literacy, in order to clarify their approximations and divergences, seeking to incorporate aspects of Paulo Freire's method that can contribute to the construction of a historical literacy proposal. -critical. To contextualize the Youth and Adult Education (EJA) teaching modality, a historical survey of the legal frameworks of EJA in Brazil is made, recognizing the specificities of this teaching modality and its space within public policies. Since literacy is also the object of study in this work, a critical analysis is made of the so-called “quarrel of methods” seeking to overcome the dialectic of the main existing methods, identifying what is valid and rearticulating them in a new proposed in the historical-critical perspective of literacy, where some authors defend the centrality of the word in the teaching of writing. It is from this idea that the Paulo Freire method is approached, which also starts from the word for literacy. From the conclusion of this research, as a contribution, literacy activi... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre

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PROEX - Programa de Excelência Acadêmica
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo verificar as políticas públicas, bem como as práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas em três escolas municipais de Gravataí, no Rio Grande do Sul. A modalidade escolhida foi a educação de jovens e adultos e o projeto CEREJA (Centro Regional de Educação de Jovens e Adultos) que, durante onze anos, intentou uma diferenciação a partir dos pressupostos freireanos. Nesse exercício também se buscou entender se houve algum tipo de participação popular no processo de implementação dessa modalidade de estudos. Em termos teóricos, junto com Paulo Freire, foram eleitos autores que trabalham com a educação popular, com a educação de jovens e adultos, além de alguns autores cujo trabalho se destaca na área da formação de professores. Metodologicamente foram feitas entrevistas compreensivas, observações participantes e analisaram-se os conteúdos daí advindos. Os resultados apresentam uma densa caracterização do Projeto CEREJA, revelando possibilidades, limites e contradições na implementação de um projeto baseado em pressupostos freireanos.
This thesis aims to determine public policy and pedagogical practices developed in three public schools in Gravataí, Rio Grande do Sul. The chosen modality was youth and adult education and the CEREJA (Regional Center of Youth and Adult Education) Project which, for eleven years, intended a differentiation based on Freire's assumptions. It is also sought to be understood if there was some kind of popular participation in the implementation process of this type of studies. In theoretical terms, besides Paulo Freire, authors were elected who work with popular education, the education of youth and adults, and some authors whose work stands out in the area of teacher education. Methodologically, interviews (named comprehensive) were made, participant observations were also made, and a content analysis was performed. The results show a dense characterization of the CEREJA Project, revealing the possibilities, limits and contradictions of a project based on Freirean assumptions.

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This dissertation aims to study the relationship between youth and adult education (EJA) and the process of building autonomy of women who attend this educational modality. Of qualitative character, the research universe was assigned to a group of 15 adult women attending a public school in the city of Teresina (PI), the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Piauí - Campus Teresina Zona Sul The theoretical framework comes from two perspectives; one, in order to base the analysis on the perceptions of the protagonists investigated; another, directed to the reflections around a critical vision on the sense and the foundations of the education of youths and adults. The first focuses on the considerations around a Theory of Social Representations, developed particularly by the social psychologist Serge Moscovici; the second, in the fundamentals and interpretative categories on education developed by Paulo Freire. The dissertation is developed in a panoramic way, in order to place the education of young people and adults in the more general context, and, in the second moment, it examines the representations of a group of women about their trajectories during and after the process of return or beginning to school life in adulthood. The hypothesis of this study is that, even considering the difficult conditions to which the female students of EJA are subjected, among them the family resistance and difficulties and the limited conditions of the courses, the educational process of this modality in the context studied is configured as an important tool to initiate and / or expand the processes of autonomy and social empowerment of these women. The results indicate that the participants understand that discussing gender in the EJA can be an incentive for them to reconcile study, work and family, instigating attitudes that denature in them the inferiorization of the feminine. The results also suggest that the social representations about women and the EJA would be related to a permanence of practices still little problematizing in the school of the participants of the research.
Esta disertación tiene como objeto de estudio las relaciones entre la educación de jóvenes y adultos (EJA) y el proceso de construcción de la autonomía de las mujeres que frecuentan esta modalidad educativa. De carácter cualitativo, se delimitó, metodológicamente, el universo de investigación a un grupo de 15 mujeres adultas frecuentadoras de una escuela pública de la ciudad de Teresina (PI), el Instituto Federal de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología de Piauí - Campus Teresina Zona Sur El referencial teórico se aporta en dos perspectivas; una, con el propósito de fundamentar el análisis sobre las percepciones de las protagonistas investigadas; otra, dirigida a las reflexiones en torno a una visión crítica sobre el sentido y los fundamentos de la educación de jóvenes y adultos. La primera se centra en las consideraciones en torno a una Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales, desarrollada particularmente por el psicólogo social Serge Moscovici; la segunda, en los fundamentos y categorías interpretativas sobre la educación desarrolladas por Paulo Freire. La disertación se desarrolla, en primer lugar, en un recorte panorámico, para situar la educación de jóvenes y adultos en el contexto más general y, en el segundo momento, se centra en el análisis de las representaciones de un grupo de mujeres acerca de sus trayectorias durante y después del proceso de retorno o de inicio a la vida escolar en la fase adulta. La hipótesis de este estudio es que, aun considerando las difíciles condiciones a que están sometidas las mujeres alumnas de EJA, entre las cuales las resistencias y dificultades familiares y las limitadas condiciones de los cursos, el proceso educativo de esta modalidad en el contexto estudiado se configura como importante herramienta de iniciación y / o ampliación de los procesos de autonomía y empoderamiento social de esas mujeres. Los resultados indican que las participantes entienden que discutir género en la EJA puede ser un incentivo para que ellas concilien estudio, trabajo y familia, instigando actitudes que desnaturalizen en ellas la inferiorización de lo femenino. Los resultados sugieren, además, que las representaciones sociales sobre las mujeres y la EJA estarían relacionadas a una permanencia de prácticas todavía poco problemáticas presentes en la escuela de los participantes de la investigación.
Esta dissertação tem como objeto de estudo as relações entre a educação de jovens e adultos (EJA) e o processo de construção da autonomia das mulheres que frequentam esta modalidade educacional. De caráter qualitativo, delimitou-se, metodologicamente, o universo de investigação a um grupo de 15 mulheres adultas frequentadoras de uma escola pública da cidade de Teresina (PI), o Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Piauí – Campus Teresina Zona Sul. O referencial teórico aporta-se em duas perspectivas; uma, com o propósito de fundamentar a análise sobre as percepções das protagonistas investigadas; outra, direcionada às reflexões em torno de uma visão crítica sobre o sentido e os fundamentos da educação de jovens e adultos. A primeira centra-se nas considerações em torno de uma Teoria das Representações Sociais, desenvolvida particularmente pelo psicólogo social Serge Moscovici; a segunda, nos fundamentos e categorias interpretativas sobre a educação desenvolvidas por Paulo Freire. A dissertação desenvolve-se, primeiramente, num recorte panorâmico, para situar a educação de jovens e adultos no contexto mais geral e, no segundo momento, debruça-se sobre a análise das representações de um grupo de mulheres a respeito de suas trajetórias durante e após o processo de retorno ou de início à vida escolar na fase adulta. A hipótese deste estudo é a de que, mesmo considerando as difíceis condições a que estão submetidas as mulheres alunas de EJA, dentre as quais as resistências e dificuldades familiares e as limitadas condições dos cursos, o processo educativo desta modalidade no contexto estudado configura-se como importante ferramenta de iniciação e/ou ampliação dos processos de autonomia e empoderamento social dessas mulheres. Os resultados indicam que as participantes entendem que discutir gênero na EJA possa ser um incentivo para que elas conciliem estudo, trabalho e família, instigando atitudes que desnaturalizem nelas a inferiorização do feminino. Os resultados sugerem, ainda, que as representações sociais sobre as mulheres e a EJA estariam relacionadas a uma permanência de práticas ainda pouco problematizadoras presentes na escola dos participantes da pesquisa.

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When we look at the records of Sunday School in Brazil, with exception of the material produced and brought by North American missionaries, until very recently, only one Baptist Brazilian, Lécio Dornas, had produced literature which aided pastors, leaders and teachers in the tough task of Christian teaching. In his trilogy: Help I m a Sunday School Teacher from 1997, Defeating the Sunday School Enemies from 1998 and The New Sunday School, The Usual Sunday School from 2001, Dornas introduces teachers to new possibilities on Sunday School. Nonetheless, in its pedagogical and theological tenets, Dornas proposal shows certain limitations in building a dialogical-liberating educational praxis which responds to contemporary challenges and needs. The proposal of this dissertation is to offer a critical reading of the pedagogical and theological tenets of Lécio Dornas proposal to the Sunday School of the Baptist Church, from the perspective of Paulo Freire and Juan Luis Segundo. Both will unveil a new approach to the Sunday School which intends to establish itself as praxis.
Quando olhamos o histórico da Escola Bíblica Dominical (EBD) no Brasil, com exceção do material produzido e trazido por missionários estadunidenses, até muito recentemente, apenas um brasileiro batista, Lécio Dornas, produziu literatura que auxiliasse pastores, líderes e professores nesta difícil tarefa da docência cristã. Em sua trilogia: Socorro sou Professor da Escola Dominical de 1997, Vencendo os Inimigos da Escola Dominical de 1998 e A Nova EBD, A EBD de Sempre de 2001, Dornas introduz o docente a novas possibilidades na EBD. Todavia, em seus pressupostos pedagógicos e teológicos, a proposta de Dornas evidencia algumas limitações para a construção de uma práxis educacional dialógico-libertadora que responda às necessidades e desafios contemporâneos. O objetivo desta dissertação é oferecer uma leitura crítica dos pressupostos pedagógicos e teológicos da proposta de Lécio Dornas para a EBD da Igreja Batista a partir de Paulo Freire e Juan Luis Segundo. Ambos revelarão uma nova abordagem para a EBD que pretende constituir-se como práxis.

This thesis considers a theoretical tradition which is concerned with how adult literacies education might not always serve to socialise students into existing society, instead encouraging possibilities for desirable alternatives to it. Without this possibility, adult literacies education might only be understood as a socialising machine that slots students into society as it stands and where the role of research is to describe its operation. My research describes a long-standing refusal by educators, researchers and students to accept this possibility and my thesis continues this tradition. Through the analysis and interplay of the work of Pierre Bourdieu, James Paul Gee, Paulo Freire, Jacques Rancière, I distinguish between empowerment and emancipation in the context of literacies education. I set out the assumptions that Bourdieu and Gee make, how they understand power, identity, discourse and oppression, and what this means for the practice of an empowering adult literacies education. I also present assumptions made by Freire and Rancière, how they understand equality and oppression, and how an emancipatory literacies education might be understood and practiced. In particular, I describe how education for ‘empowerment’ encourages practices underpinned by the assumption that ideological processes prevent students from understanding how oppression is manifested. In contrast, I describe how an emancipatory education implies enacting educational relationships that are not reliant on this assumption, whilst exerting a social response to societal oppression. I make three claims. Firstly, that the idea of an emancipatory literacies education has come to be neglected or conflated with the idea that literacies education might empower, which has come to hold great sway. In so doing, I critique Freire’s work whilst reclaiming it as an emancipatory project. Secondly, that the educational practices associated with adult literacies for empowerment can be understood to encourage the socialisation of students into society as it stands. This emphasises the importance of distinguishing between empowerment and emancipation in the context of adult literacies education. Finally, that emancipation is a notion that must continue to be questioned and explored if educators, students and academics are to take responsibility for the practice of adult literacies education and its consequences. An emancipatory literacies education cannot be reliant upon the assumption that discourse is inherently ideological. Instead, it is predicated upon teachers and students assuming that emancipation is possible and acting on that assumption.

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The present study aimed at analysing the Continuous Professional Development for Pedagogical Coordinators in the Programme for Youth and Adult Education (EJA) in the Municipal Education System in São Luís do Maranhão, with a view to improve the formative practices inspired by Paulo Freire’s references. The theoretical grounding for the research was based on Freire’s work (1986,1988, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,2005) and on other authors whose thoughts are aligned with Freire’s, such as Apple (1997,1998); Nóvoa (1998); Saul, A.M. (2000, 2010,2016); André (2006); Feldmann (2008,2009); Santiago e Batista Neto (2011); Sacristán (1999); Mizukami et al. (2002); Gatti (2010,2011), amongst others. This study took into consideration, initially, for the purpose of analysis, documents from the federal realm, as well as propositions from the Municipal Education System in São Luís do Maranhão and, based on a qualitative approach to data analysis, aimed at capturing the perceptions from the subjects - pedagogical coordinators (CPs) and teachers (PROFs) - in reference to the continuous professional development offered by the Municipal Secretary of São Luís do Maranhão (SEMED) and the school units researched, between the years 2014 and 2015. The tools used for data collection in the field were: a questionnaire (given to pedagogical coordinators and teachers from 3 urban schools in São Luís, MA) and a semi-structured interview carried out with professionals from SEMED. The results emerged from data analysis and were systematized based on categories of analysis that surfaced from the theoretical reference, expressed through a conceptual tapestry based on the conception of permanent formation addressed in the work of Paulo Freire. Through the analysis of the data collected, it became clear that, although Freire’s references were stated in SEMED’s documents and proposals, there was a significant disparity between the prescribed practices and the reality, as perceived by EJA’s CPs and PROFs. Research data also point to a diverse and contradictory understanding regarding Freire’s concepts, which is the reason why proposals for the development of formative practices, inspired by the thought of Paulo Freire are put forward in this study
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o processo de Formação Continuada de Coordenadores Pedagógicos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), da Rede Municipal de Educação de São Luís, Maranhão, tendo em vista a melhoria das práticas formativas inspiradas em referenciais freireanos. O marco teórico da investigação teve como fundamento obras de Freire (1986,1988, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,2005) e de autores que se alinham com o pensamento desse educador, como: Apple (1997,1998); Nóvoa (1998); Saul, A.M. (2000, 2010, 2016); André (2006); Feldmann (2008,2009); Santiago e Batista Neto (2011); Sacristán (1999), Mizukami et al. (2002); Gatti (2010,2011), entre outros. Este estudo considerou inicialmente, para efeito de análise, documentos da esfera federal e proposições da Rede Municipal de Educação de São Luís, MA e, com base na abordagem qualitativa buscou captar as percepções dos coordenadores pedagógicos (CPs) e dos professores (PROFs) (sujeitos de pesquisa) referentes à formação continuada realizada pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Luís - SEMED e nas unidades escolares investigadas, no período de 2014 e 2015. Os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados em campo foram: o questionário (aplicado aos coordenadores pedagógicos e professores de três escolas da zona urbana de São Luís, MA) e a entrevista semiestruturada realizada com os profissionais da SEMED. Os resultados emergiram da análise dos dados, sistematizada a partir de categorias de análise que se evidenciaram no referencial teórico, expresso em uma trama conceitual, tendo como parâmetro a concepção de formação permanente abordada na obra de Paulo Freire. Mediante os dados coletados constatou-se que os referenciais freireanos encontravam-se anunciados nos documentos e proposições da SEMED, porém foi identificada significativa distância entre o formalmente prescrito e a realidade percebida pelos CPs e PROFs da EJA. Os dados da pesquisa também revelaram entendimento diverso e contraditório no que diz respeito às concepções freireanas, razão pela qual são apresentadas proposições para a construção de práticas formativas inspiradas no pensamento de Paulo Freire

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
In view of the difficulties presented by teachers, managers and researchers regarding how to work with young people, adults and the elderly, with very different profiles that compose the classrooms of the Youth and Adult Education (called EJA), this research proposed to investigate possibilities for the construction of a curriculum, based on Freirean references, that can respond to the intergenerational context. The theoretical reference used to understand and analyze the data produced was based mainly on Freirean categories and on authors who research the profiles of the Youth and Adult Education. The field study had a qualitative approach and was developed through a case study in a school unit that specifically offers the Youth and Adult Education. The procedures used were semi-structured interviews with teachers, students, management team and pedagogical guides. The elements identified, from the answers of the different subjects and in the light of the Freirean categories, were analyzed and compared with the documents produced by the Municipal Department of Education of São Bernardo do Campo. We highlight the factors that colaborate for a school that engages itself to work with a critical-liberating proposal in order to meet the circumstances of the EJA’s intergenerational classrooms. It is therefore proposed to indicate ways that contribute to the education of teachers in this modality of education
Em face às dificuldades apresentadas por professores, gestores e pesquisadores no tocante a como trabalhar com jovens, adultos e idosos, com perfis muito diferentes que compõem as salas de aula da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), a presente pesquisa propôs-se a investigar possibilidades de construção de um currículo, apoiado em referenciais freireanos, que possa atender ao contexto intergeracional. O referencial teórico utilizado para compreender e analisar os dados produzidos apoiou-se, principalmente, em categorias freireanas e em autores que pesquisam os perfis da Educação de Jovens e Adultos. O estudo de campo teve abordagem qualitativa e foi desenvolvido por meio de um estudo de caso em uma unidade escolar que atende especificamente a Educação de Jovens e Adultos. Os procedimentos utilizados foram entrevistas semiestruturadas com professores, educandos, equipe gestora e orientadoras pedagógicas. Os elementos identificados, a partir das respostas dos diferentes sujeitos e à luz das categorias freireanas, foram analisados e confrontados com os documentos produzidos pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Bernardo do Campo. Destacam-se os fatores que colaboram para uma escola que se propõe a trabalhar com uma proposta crítico-libertadora para atender às circunstâncias das salas intergeracionais da EJA. Propõe-se, assim, indicar caminhos que contribuam para a formação de educadores nessa modalidade de educação

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Much has been researched and discussed about the factors that are present in the education of youth and adults. Generally, we have access to the point of view of schools, teachers, and family; but less often, we hear the student as a subject in the school context. Therefore, we chose to understand the student's view, more specifically a student on her alphabetizing process, i.e., we decided to give voice, in this work, to a pupil about her career, using a systematic monitoring of a class of "Youth and Adult Education" (EJA) in a public school in the West Zone of São Paulo. To do so, we conducted a survey, which method is based on textual analysis using a qualitative approach, inspired by a reflective interview. Data analysis was based on the ideas of Paulo Freire (1921-1997), who considered school education as a possibility of reading and transforming the world and itself. The information that expressed the thoughts of the participant about her own alphabetizing process show that she was, as well as others, seeking this type of education, deprived of the possibility of education in childhood and adolescence because of the need to work. We can also say that she is part of a plunderer capitalist system and sustainer of social differences that segregates, excludes and marginalizes the masses, depriving them of access to adequate public school and devaluing the profession of educator. In this context, this type of education beckons to the population the possibility of liberation from its fears of dependence on others, which can be observed in the speech of our participant. We conclude that governmental actions are necessary in order to implement public policies to value the specificities of youth and adults as sociocultural protagonists with its own identity, class, gender, ethnicity and race, as well as the training of teachers that purport to act in the EJA
Muito se tem investigado e discutido a respeito dos fatores que estão presentes na escolarização de jovens e adultos. Geralmente, temos acesso ao ponto de vista da escola, dos professores, da família e equipe gestora das instituições de ensino, mas, menos frequentemente, ouve-se o alfabetizando como sujeito no contexto escolar. Diante disso, optamos por compreender a visão do aluno, mais especificamente de uma aluna, sobre seu processo de alfabetização, ou seja, decidimos favorecer a possibilidade de reflexão e expressão da educanda acerca de sua trajetória, a partir de um acompanhamento sistemático de uma classe de “Educação de Jovens e Adultos” (EJA) em uma escola pública na Zona Oeste de São Paulo. Para tal, realizamos uma pesquisa cujo método se baseia na análise textual de abordagem qualitativa, inspirada no procedimento da entrevista reflexiva. A análise dos dados se fundamentou nas ideias e lutas de Paulo Freire (1921-1997) pela educação escolar como possibilidade de leitura e transformação do mundo e de si mesmo. As informações que expressaram o pensamento da participante a respeito do seu próprio processo de alfabetização mostram que ela foi, assim como outras pessoas que procuram esta modalidade de ensino, privada da possibilidade de escolarização na infância e adolescência, em virtude, basicamente da necessidade de trabalhar. Trata-se da engrenagem de um sistema capitalista espoliador e mantenedor das diferenças sociais que segrega, exclui e marginaliza as massas populares, privando-as do acesso à escola pública adequada e desvalorizando a profissão da educadora. Nesse contexto, essa modalidade de ensino acena para a população a possibilidade de libertação dos seus medos da dependência do outro, que é o que aparece na fala da nossa participante. Concluímos que se faz necessária a tomada de atitudes por parte do poder público no sentido de implementar políticas públicas voltadas para a valorização das especificidades dos jovens e adultos como protagonistas socioculturais com identidade própria, de classe, gênero, etnia e raça, bem como a formação de educadores que se propõem a atuar na EJA

This thesis seeks to define liberation theology, its evolution and its relevance in economically advanced and poor or emerging societies The focus is on Paulo Freire, the lay theologian, whose Pedagogy of the Oppressed, outlines the quest for conscienticao or critical consciousness through transformational education Freire, once considered a radical, developed a rapid method of teaching both literary and critical thinking skills to the poor and oppressed people of his native Brazil. His dialogical method, called co-intentional education, provides the skills needed for participation in destiny and in the democratic process unlike banking education that indoctrinates to continue the 'culture of silence' thus avoiding change, power sharing or threats to the prevailing cultural elite Also discussed are the anti-dialogic actions Freire warns about that prevent conscientization or transformation and are prevalent in developed and modern societies as well as poor and emerging ones
acase@tulane.edu

This study set out to provide an understanding of the Certificate in Education programme, CE (PD), in terms of various stakeholder perspectives and its historical development. Through the use of case study method the study investigates the relationship between the first three semesters of the Certificate in Education (Participatory Development) CE (PD) offered largely on-campus at the University of KwaZulu-Natal with the final semester module of the programme offered as a service-learning off-campus called Development in Practice (DIP). The objective of DIP is to produce reflective learners in an authentic development context. Within the CE (PD) programme this is understood as praxis. The purpose of the study therefore is to investigate processes within the programme that facilitated or hindered the attainment of praxis. The case study method served this research goal well as it allowed for the social, ideological and historical reality of the CE (PD) to be viewed within a context of its development and the broader contexts of the university and South Africa. As such, this study looked at how one could ensure that theory, abstract knowledge and practice are combined for the purpose of improving community development practice. The study focussed on the aspect of praxis within the CE (PD) with the intention of contribution to the improvement of praxis in training for community development practitioners. Based on Freire's understanding of praxis, the situated cognition and transformative learning theories this study found that certain processes impacted positively or negatively to the CE (PD) programme in facilitating praxis. These processes were varied and included amongst others curriculum conceptualisation and planning, and the most important one being ideology and power related issues. The detailed description of the CE (PD) process would be useful to future curriculum development initiatives. This study argued that community development training is a contested area and cannot only focus skills training but must include consciousness raising located within an emancipatory tradition. Based on this argument an interactive programme development model located within praxis is offered as a contribution towards community development practitioner training in the South African context.
Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2006.

Die Brasiliaanse opvoedkundige Paulo Freire word as een van die belangrikste opvoeders van die twintigste eeu beskou. Sy benadering tot volwasse onderrig is op verskeie terreine toegepas maar nooit direk as teenvoeter vir geweld teen vroue en kinders aangewend nie. Die doel van hierdie studie was om vas te stel op welke wyse Paulo Freire se benadering tot leer en onderrig in volwasse basiese onderrig as teenvoeter kan dien vir die kultuur van geweld teen vroue en kinders in Suid-Afrika. Die studie bestaan uit ’n analitiese literatuurstudie en ’n kwalitatiewe studie met elf deelnemers. Ten einde die navorsingsvraag te beantwoord neem die studie ‘n aanvang met ’n literatuurstudie oor die redes vir geweld teen vroue en kinders. Daarna val die fokus op volwasse basiese onderrig [VBO], volwasse leer en die knelpunte in VBO in Suid-Afrika. In die volgende hoofstuk word die literatuur ten opsigte van Freire se werk en sy benadering tot volwasse onderrig bespreek. Kernelemente van sy benadering word getabuleer waarna kritiek op en die belang van sy benadering, sowel as die toepassing daarvan, in Afrika en Suid-Afrika bespreek word. In die kwalitatiewe empiriese studie word die resultate van die vrae in die onderhoudsgids met betrekking tot geweld en VBO bespreek waarna die resultatate in die laaste hoofstuk in die lig van die literatuurstudie geanaliseer word. Nadat die data beoordeel is, word aanbeveel dat, hoewel kennis geneem moet word van die uitdagings in VBO en Freire se benadering, die benadering steeds as ’n middel in basiese volwasse onderrig gebruik kan word om geweld die hoof te bied. ’n Praktiese voorstel vir teengeweldonderrig word gemaak met behulp van ’n teengeweldlesplan vir VBO. Die navorsing sluit af met beperkings van die studie en voorstelle vir optrede.
The Brazilian educator Paulo Freire is considered to be one of the most important educators of the twentieth century. His approach to adult education has been applied to various fields, but never directly to prevent violence against women and children. The purpose of this study was to ascertain how Freire’s approach to learning and teaching can be used as an antidote against violence against women and children in South Africa. The study consists of an analytical literature review and qualitative study with eleven participants. To answer the research question, the study commences with a literature study on the reasons for violence against women and children. Therafter the focus shifts to the adult basic education, adult learning and the restraints in adult basic education in South Africa. In the next chapter Freire’s work and his approach to adult education is dis-cussed. Key elements to his approach is tabled whereafter critique on and the im-portance of his approach, as well as its application in South Africa, is discussed. In the qualitative empirical study the results of the questions in the interview guide with regard to violence and adult basic education is discussed, whereafter the results are analised in the final chapter in view of the literature study. After the consideration of the data, it is recommended that cognisance must be taken of the challenges to adult basic education and Freire’s approachwhich can still be utilised as a medium in adult basic education to combat violence. A practical proposal for antiviolence education is made through a antiviolence lesson plan for ABE. The research concludes with limitations and recommendations.
ABET and Youth Development
M. Ed. (Adult Education)

This case study examined women’s identity development in the workplace through the application of storytelling as a learning technique. Study participants included twenty-two women graduates and 2nd year students of diverse backgrounds ranging in ages 25 to 71 from a master’s degree applied theatre program in a Northeastern university. This study describes identity development through ways in which women make meaning of their lived experience and perceived interactions in the workplace. Data collection derived from 22 semi-structured interviews. Deeper data analysis surfaced through dramaturgical coding. Three analytical categories emerged: 1) Generations, 2) Race and 3) Sexual Orientation. The findings exposed power and positionality barriers as obstacles and challenges that undermine women’s careers. Three conclusions emerged: 1) Women continue to struggle with barriers that pose as obstacles and challenges to their learning and identity development in the workplace, 2) Women of color experience the double bind barriers of racism and sexism and 3) Women learn through storytelling and sharing workplace stories. This study privileges storytelling, a form of presentational knowing, as a legitimate way of knowing and has been shown to be conducive to learning and identity development. Women’s perspectives changed through theatre techniques using critical reflection and action; they engaged in communities of practice that offered supportive structures. Also, there continues to be resistance to hard conversations around race and inequality. Diversity programs that build upon Paulo Freire’s praxis of reflection and action hold leaders who espouse diversity initiatives to account. To avoid the paradox of diversity, human resources diversity training, organizational learning, professional development and community based social programs can leverage the power of storytelling. Affective empathy as an embodied component of storytelling establishes empathic connections between dominant culture and the marginalized. Critical and constructive development theories need to be embedded into curriculum to address systemic racism. Presentational knowing is an effective tool for social action and social justice by broadening learning beyond adult education to encourage empathy between people whose views are different. This qualitative study is grounded in critical theory, John Heron’s (1992) Presentational knowing, theories of identity and constructive development.