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Journal articles on the topic 'French Colonial Army'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Dean, William T. "The French Colonial Army and the Great War." Historian 76, no. 3 (2014): 479–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hisn.12045.

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2

Whitney, Susan B. "Introduction." Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 46, no. 3 (2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2020.460301.

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World War I has been studied extensively by historians of France and for good reason. Waging the first industrial war required mobilizing all of France’s resources, whether military, political, economic, cultural, or imperial. Politicians from the left and the right joined forces to govern the country, priests and seminarians were drafted into the army, factories were retooled to produce armaments and other war material, and women and children were enlisted to do their part. So too were colonial subjects. More than 500,000 men from France’s empire fought in Europe for the French Army, while an

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3

Boumlik, Habiba. "Teaching French to North African Soldiers in the French Colonial Army: Pedagogy and Ideology." French Review 92, no. 4 (2019): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tfr.2019.0281.

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4

Ginio, Ruth. "Race and war in France: colonial subjects in the French army." First World War Studies 1, no. 2 (2010): 205–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19475020.2010.512702.

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5

Cradock, Christopher, and M. L. R. Smith. "“No Fixed Values”: A Reinterpretation of the Influence of the Theory of Guerre Révolutionnaire and the Battle of Algiers, 1956–1957." Journal of Cold War Studies 9, no. 4 (2007): 68–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws.2007.9.4.68.

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The so-called Battle of Algiers (1956–1957) was a pivotal event in the history of French decolonization and was controversial because it involved brutality and the use of torture. The tactical success of the French Army in the battle has been credited to the theory of guerre révolutionnaire, which evolved in French military thinking after the army's debacle in Indochina. The theory situated anti-colonial insurgencies within the Cold War struggle of Western values against Communism. This article reevaluates earlier claims about the theory's efficacy and shows that ultimately the methods used by

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6

Willis, F. Roy, and Jasmine Aimaq. "For Europe or Empire?: French Colonial Ambitions and the European Army Plan." American Historical Review 103, no. 3 (1998): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2650645.

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7

Hitchcock, William I., and Jasmine Aimaq. "For Europe or Empire? French Colonial Ambitions and the European Army Plan." Journal of American History 84, no. 4 (1998): 1573. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2568216.

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8

Cogneau, Denis, and Alexander Moradi. "Borders That Divide: Education and Religion in Ghana and Togo Since Colonial Times." Journal of Economic History 74, no. 3 (2014): 694–729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050714000576.

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The partition of German Togoland after World War I provides a natural experiment to test the impact of British and French colonization. Using data of recruits to the Ghanaian colonial army 1908–1955, we find that literacy and religious affiliation diverge at the border between the parts of Togoland under British and French control as early as in the 1920s. We partly attribute this to policies towards missionary schools. The divergence is only visible in the South where educational and evangelization efforts were strong. Contemporary survey data show that border effects that began in colonial t

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9

EFFROS, BONNIE. "Berber genealogy and the politics of prehistoric archaeology and craniology in French Algeria (1860s–1880s)." British Journal for the History of Science 50, no. 1 (2017): 61–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087417000024.

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AbstractFollowing the conquest of Algiers and its surrounding territory by the French army in 1830, officers noted an abundance of standing stones in this region of North Africa. Although they attracted considerably less attention among their cohort than more familiar Roman monuments such as triumphal arches and bridges, these prehistoric remains were similar to formations found in Brittany and other parts of France. The first effort to document these remains occurred in 1863, when Laurent-Charles Féraud, a French army interpreter, recorded thousands of dolmens and stone formations south-west

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10

Touati, Samia. "Lalla Fatma N’Soumer (1830–1863): Spirituality, Resistance and Womanly Leadership in Colonial Algeria." Societies 8, no. 4 (2018): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc8040126.

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Lalla Fatma N’Soumer (1830–1863) is one of the major heroines of Algerian resistance to the French colonial enterprise in the region of Kabylia. Her life and personality have been surrounded by myths and mysteries. Although her name is mentioned in colonial chronicles recording the conquest of Algeria, her exact role in leading a movement of local resistance to the French army doesn’t seem to be very clear. This paper aims at shedding light on this exceptional Berber woman through the analysis of French colonial sources describing these military campaigns—despite their obvious bias—and later s

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11

Belmessous, Saliha. "Emancipation within Empire: an Algerian Alternative during the Era of Decolonization." History Workshop Journal 88 (2019): 153–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dbz030.

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Abstract This article aims at shedding new light on the salience of empire as a political idea even at the height of decolonization. It discusses why and how colonial subjects – here Muslim Algerians – would continue, when faced with a choice, to look to empires rather than nation-states. The article focuses on six women and men who, during Algeria’s war of independence, rejected the nation-state as their political horizon and imagined a decolonized empire in which they could pursue their emancipation and that of their people. These individuals pursued various political projects that would rec

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12

Alexander Keese. "Race and War in France: Colonial Subjects in the French Army, 1914-1918 (review)." Journal of Military History 73, no. 2 (2009): 668–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jmh.0.0230.

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13

Lorelle D. Semley. "Race and War in France: Colonial Subjects in the French Army, 1914–1918 (review)." Journal of World History 21, no. 2 (2010): 353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jwh.0.0130.

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14

Smith, Leonard V. ":Race and War in France: Colonial Subjects in the French Army, 1914–1918.(War/Society/Culture.)." American Historical Review 114, no. 2 (2009): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.114.2.493.

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15

Gruber, Christiane. "The Missiri of Fréjus as Healing Memorial: Mosque Metaphors and the French Colonial Army (1928–64)." International Journal of Islamic Architecture 1, no. 1 (2012): 25–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijia.1.1.25_1.

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16

Ben Labidi, Imed. "The Vanishing Native." Cultural Politics 16, no. 1 (2020): 24–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/17432197-8017228.

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The thematic foci of the Franco-Algerian war films of decolonization have shifted in the last few decades from evoking triumphalist discourses and redemptive fictional narratives to producing powerful transnational antiwar stories. While being critical of the violent history of colonization, defying earlier French governments’ oppressive forms of censorship, and addressing the history of colonial barbarity in Algeria, many French documentarians and filmmakers have skillfully used moving images to critique and expose colonial transgressions. In their efforts to reimagine the horrors of violent

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17

Parkvall, Mikael. "Français tirailleur." Language Ecology 2, no. 1-2 (2018): 60–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/le.18009.par.

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Abstract Français-Tirailleur is the conventional name for the French-lexicon pidgin used in France’s African army during the 19th and 20th centuries. Tirailleur literally translates as ‘rifleman’ or ‘sharpshooter’, but in time, and in practice, it came to refer specifically to indigenous colonial soldiers. The literature on the variety is anything but vast, but some publications are partly or entirely devoted it, almost invariably drawing on one and the same source (an anonymously authored phrasebook intended for use by French officers commanding African soldiers; Anon. 1916). Another thing mo

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18

Lewis, M. D. "Race and War in France: Colonial Subjects in the French Army, 1914-1918. By Richard S. Fogarty." French History 24, no. 1 (2010): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fh/crp087.

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19

Mourre, Martin. "African colonial soldiers, memories and imagining migration in Senegal in the twenty-first century." Africa 88, no. 3 (2018): 518–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972018000207.

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AbstractThis article is an attempt to reconsider the representations that, in Senegal in the 2000s, linked the social history of thetirailleurs(African colonial soldiers) with the practical and symbolic processes at the heart of a number of migratory projects, especially among young people. The history of this social military body was rooted in almost a century of colonial domination, from 1857 to 1962. Thetirailleursplayed a part in all the battles of the French army and generated different kinds of social imaginaries that were woven between France and Africa. In the late 1950s, another figur

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20

Sharp, Lesley A. "Laboring for the Colony and Nation." Critique of Anthropology 23, no. 1 (2003): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308275x03023001813.

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Throughout the colonial era in Francophone Africa, male youth were prime targets for exploitative labor practices, and Madagascar stands as an especially pertinent example, where young men and boys were regularly forced to serve the French empire as foot soldiers and corvée laborers. Their work efforts – and lives – were essential to the defense of France in wartime; further, it is they who built the complex infrastructure that simultaneously served the needs of the island’s domestic army, foreign-owned plantations and a colonial administrative network. Colonial policies were driven, too, by t

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21

Mokhiber, James. "Race and War in France: Colonial Subjects in the French Army, 1914-1918 by Richard Fogarty.Race and War in France: Colonial Subjects in the French Army, 1914-1918 by Richard Fogarty. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008. ix, 374 pp. $60.00 US (cloth)." Canadian Journal of History 44, no. 3 (2009): 539–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjh.44.3.539.

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22

Thuy, Pham Van. "Same Fate, Different Choices: Decolonization in Vietnam and Indonesia, 1945–1960s." Lembaran Sejarah 13, no. 1 (2018): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/lembaran-sejarah.33519.

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The purpose of this study is to sketch out the similarities and differences in the process of decolonization in Indonesia and Vietnam during the period from the 1930s to the early 1960s, with special attention to the political and economic aspects. Both countries shared similarities in that they were the first countries to declare independence in Southeast Asia from the Japanese and that they were highly revolutionized during the occupation. Both countries had the most violent and complete colonial break in comparison to other Southeast Asian countries. Yet, there were some major differences w

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23

Scales, Rebecca P. "Subversive Sound: Transnational Radio, Arabic Recordings, and the Dangers of Listening in French Colonial Algeria, 1934–1939." Comparative Studies in Society and History 52, no. 2 (2010): 384–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417510000083.

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In November of 1934, Algerian Governor General Jules Carde asked the Algiers Police Prefecture to investigate a rumor circulating through the French bureaucracy that “natives” in the Arab cafés (café maures) of the city were tuning in to biweekly Arabic broadcasts transmitted by an unspecified Italian radio station that featured “commentaries unfavorable to France” and “openly attacked France's Muslim policy.” As the governor of three overseas Frenchdépartements, Carde had already received notification that the airwaves over North Africa were becoming dangerous. A few months earlier, Jean Bert

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24

Bowman, Joye L. "Abdul Njai: Ally and Enemy of the Portuguese in Guinea-Bissau, 1895–1919." Journal of African History 27, no. 3 (1986): 463–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700023276.

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The protracted subjugation by the Portuguese of Guinea-Bissau was made possible by Abdul Njai and his army of auxiliary troops. Njai became an ally of the Portuguese in the mid-1890s and continued his support for the Portuguese conquest until about 1915. He provided logistical support, and served both as a commander in the Portuguese army and as a recruiter of African troops. Oral as well as written sources indicate that Njai was directly responsible for the successful campaigns fought against the strongholds of resistance to Portuguese authority. As a reward for his services, the Portuguese g

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25

Frader, Laura Levine. "Race and War in France: Colonial Subjects in the French Army, 1914–1918. By Richard S. Fogarty (Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008) 374 pp. $60.00." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 41, no. 1 (2010): 140–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh.2010.41.1.140.

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26

Khalili, Laleh. "THE LOCATION OF PALESTINE IN GLOBAL COUNTERINSURGENCIES." International Journal of Middle East Studies 42, no. 3 (2010): 413–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743810000425.

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I begin with a pair of narratives:[Jenin] itself showed signs of the Government's wrath. It was in a shocking state, having the appearance of a front-line town in a modern war. Huge gaps were visible between the blocks of buildings and houses, while piles of rubble lay across the streets. . . . Many men had been arrested and detained, while many buildings, including shops and offices, had been demolished as a punitive measure by the military.On the fourth day, they managed to enter [the Jenin camp] because . . . this giant tank could simply run over booby traps, especially since they were very

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27

Marynower, Claire. "Richard S. Fogarty, Race and War in France : Colonial Subjects in the French Army, 1914-1918, Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008, 374 p., ISBN 978-1-4214-0766-1." Revue d’histoire moderne et contemporaine 60-4/4bis, no. 4 (2013): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rhmc.604.0171.

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28

Ward, W. E. F. "The International Institute of African Languages and Cultures: A memory of its Beginnings." Africa 60, no. 1 (1990): 132–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972000051937.

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I went out to the Gold Coast as a teacher on the staff of the newly established Achimota College in October 1924, and a few weeks before I came back for my first leave, in April 1926, there came to the college a distinguished visitor, Major Hanns Vischer (later Sir Harms), the educational adviser to the Colonial Office in London. It was Major Vischer who told me about the project to establish an International African Institute.Vischer was a remarkable and delightful character. I was told that he was of Swedish descent, which was why he spelt his name Harms instead of in the German form Hans. H

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29

Rosenberg, Clifford. "Race and War in France: Colonial Subjects in the French Army, 1914–1918. By Richard S. Fogarty. War/Society/Culture. Edited by, Michael Fellman. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008. Pp. xiv+374. $60.00." Journal of Modern History 82, no. 4 (2010): 959–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/656159.

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30

van Rouveroy van Nieuwaal, Emile A. B. "Esquisse du Parlementarisme et du Monopartisme en Afrique: Le cas du Togo." Afrika Focus 5, no. 3-4 (1989): 107–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-0050304002.

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An Outline of the Parliamentarism and the One Party System in AfriKa: The Case of Togo. Witnessed the last hundred years profound political and constitutional changes. In this respect there are many differences between African States depending on which kind of colonial overlord has been the ruling power. The African State was a juridical entity in international law, but was it also, at the time of independence, an empirical entity in national fact? In almost all cases the empirical reality as a functioning government was still primarily the presence of European bureaucrats who has embodied the

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31

Lunn, Joe. "Book Review: Race and War in France: Colonial Subjects in the French Army, 1914—1918. By Richard S. Fogarty. Johns Hopkins University Press. 2008. viii + 374 pp. US$60.00. ISBN 978 0 8018 8824 3." War in History 16, no. 4 (2009): 527–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09683445090160041201.

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32

Grosso, Adriana Ferreira. "Cannabis: from plant condemned by prejudice to one of the greatest therapeutic options of the century." Journal of Human Growth and Development 30, no. 1 (2020): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.v30.9977.

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Cannabis sativa has a fascinating history and has been used by mankind for millennia. Many societies such as Greek, Roman, Chinese, African, Indian and Arabic take advantage of the plant's qualities, which are consumed as food, medicine, fuel, fibers or tobacco. The first reference found related to the therapeutic use of the plant data from 2700 B.C. and is present in the pharmacopoeia of the Chinese Emperor Shen-Nung, where this plant was recommended in the treatment of malaria, rheumatic pain, in irregular and painful menstrual cycles. The book “De Matéria Médica”, written by the doctor Pedâ

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33

Knopek, Jacek. "Społeczności polskie i polonijne w Afryce Zachodniej." Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny 47, no. 1 (179) (2021): 83–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.21.004.13316.

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Polish communities and Polish diaspora in West Africa The article points to the stay and activity of Poles in West Africa since the first links were forged until the present day. Initially they were present there as sailors serving under foreign flags. Later they were joined by the military and sailors who found themselves abroad. In the 19th c. and the interwar period, Polish civilian emigrants arrived there, although only as individuals. Another group were military emigrants who were present in the German colonial army and served in the French Foreign Legion. A larger group consisted of sold

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34

Salivon, Elisha. "What Does Jewish Praying Book from the World War Tell: after the Publication by Rabbi Dr. Sali Levy." Tirosh. Jewish, Slavic & Oriental Studies 18 (2018): 110–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2658-3380.2018.18.3.2.

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This paper presents an article by Rabbi Dr. S. Levi published in 1921 in Monatsschrift für Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judentums about French Jewish army rabbis and Jewish praying books from World War One distributed among Jewish soldiers in French Army. Levi served himself as an Army Rabbi in German army. He used his own experience to highlight the most interesting and significant features of French approach toward Jewish military service in time of war. This article of Rabbi Levi serves as an example of continuation of the pre-war GermanJewish self-identification as both culturally Germa

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35

Eichelsheim, John. "Regionaal Particularisme en Staatsvorming in Afrika: De Diola van Zuid Senegal in hun Relatie Met Dakar." Afrika Focus 7, no. 3 (1991): 193–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-00703002.

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Regional Particularism and State Formation in Africa: The Diola in Southern Senegal and Their Relationship with Dakar In the French daily newspaper “Libération” of 819 september 1990 I read : “Reveil de la guerilla en Casamance. Two clashes occurred between the Senegalese army and MFDC guerillas on the 22th of august and the 4th of september; 16 soldiers and 24 guerillas were killed”. A morbid déjà vu. At the end of 1983, as I did my practical training in the town of Ziguinchor, in the south of Senegal, I witnessed some fierce clashes between the same participants, causing the death of some 20

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36

Marihandono, Djoko. "When and Why Java was Deliberated from the Slavery?" Journal of Maritime Studies and National Integration 1, no. 1 (2017): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmsni.v1i1.1372.

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Java islands as one of the colonies on the European nations in Asia, had several changes since the Dutch Government liquidated the operation. This condition was caused by the change of the political constellation in Europe since the end of this century. As we knew that since 1795 till 1813, the Netherland was dominated by the French. From the year 1795, in January, the Bataafsche Republic was established in Netherland, supported by French after the governor (Staathouder) escaped by leaving his country to London. The result of this fact, the changes were happened in all provinces in Netherland

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37

Friedel, Jacques, and Pierre Averbuch. "Louis Eugène Félix Néel. 22 November 1904 – 17 November 2000." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 49 (January 2003): 367–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2003.0021.

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Louis Néel was from Norman stock by his father and from Lyon by his mother. He could trace his ancestors to the middle of the eighteenth century. They were leading citizens of small boroughs, his great grandfather a secondary school teacher. His grandfather, a chemist, showed him how to make pills by pressing powders in moulds; he had many coloured jars in his shop windows, one with a colony of leeches! Two of the chemist's sons worked in the colonies, one as administrator and the other as an army physician. Louis's father, a civil servant in the Ministry of Finances, also applied after a whil

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38

Matallah, Siham. "Sino-Algerian Strategic Cooperation:Towards a New Stage of Development." China and the World 01, no. 03 (2018): 1850017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2591729318500177.

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Algeria strongly welcomed cooperation with China along with its search for an economic and political partner that respects Algeria’s sovereignty, ethnicity, religious, and cultural peculiarities, especially as Algeria suffered a bitter experience under the French colonial rule that deprived it of a window into global markets even after the achievement of independence, and China’s partnership seemed like an auspicious beginning for the Algerian economy. Indeed, China opened its arms to Algeria and became its largest trading partner, surpassing France that has traditionally been Algeria’s number

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39

Harmon, Stephen A. "The Malian National Archives at Kuluba: Access and Applicability." History in Africa 19 (1992): 441–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172012.

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The Malian National Archives are located at Kuluba, an administrative suburb of Bamako. The collection is remarkable because of its vast scope. While for the post-independence period only materials from the Republic of Mali are included, for the colonial period the collection includes documents from what was then called the French Sudan, of which Bamako was the capital. At various times the French Sudan comprised, besides all of modern Mali, portions of Mauritania, all of Burkina Faso, and for brief periods portions of Senegal, Guinea, Ivory Coast, and Benin. In addition, documents from the mi

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Osipov, Evgeny Aleksandrovich. "French “Mirages” in Libya in 1970 as a symbol of “new Arab” policy of France." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 12 (December 2020): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2020.12.34569.

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The relations with Arab countries have always been an intrinsic component of French foreign policy, predominately in the de Gaulle's Fifth Republic. Namely in the 1960s the General de Gaulle laid the groundwork for the so-called &ldquo;new Arab&rdquo; policy of France, intended for consolidation of the country's role in the Middle East and the Mediterranean, as well as for overcoming issues in the relationship with Arab countries caused the colonial past of France. Leaning on the wide range of scientific literature and sources, including the documents from the Archive of the Ministry o

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Konkin, Denis V. "Crimea in the Era of Napoleon: the ‘French trace’ in regional politics." RUDN Journal of Russian History 18, no. 3 (2019): 540–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8674-2019-18-3-540-559.

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When the Crimea acquired the status of Russian territory in 1783, it became an imperial ‘borderland’ a long way from Saint Petersburg. However, in the geopolitical aspirations of European powers, and, also, from the viewpoint of the Russian Empire, the Crimea was not a remote periphery. The Russian government consistently sought to attract colonists from abroad to the thinly-populated Black Sea region. Several attempts to do so ended in failure; one of these was the organization of farming colonies at the Sea of Azov for French royalist emigrants and military men from Condé’s army. In the era

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42

Kalman, Samuel. "Unlawful Acts or Strategies of Resistance?" French Historical Studies 43, no. 1 (2020): 85–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00161071-7920478.

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Abstract This article examines anticolonial crime in interwar French Algeria. Faced with European attempts at political, economic, and cultural hegemony, and battered by poverty, legal discrimination, and official/police intransigence, Algerians often used criminal acts in an effort to destabilize and undermine French authority. This article examines the case study of the Department of Constantine, where Arab/Kabyle inhabitants regularly engaged in anticolonial crime and violence, including the robbery of arms and explosives from government buildings and mines, train derailments, and football

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43

"Race and war in France: colonial subjects in the French Army, 1914-1918." Choice Reviews Online 46, no. 06 (2009): 46–3478. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.46-3478.

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44

Kelly Duke Bryant. "Race and War in France: Colonial Subjects in the French Army, 1914-1918 (review)." Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History 10, no. 2 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cch.0.0067.

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45

Ben-Hamouche, Mustapha. "Mapping Mosques of Old Algiers Before the French Colonial Demolitions: Through Albert Devoulx Manuscript (1870)." Journal of Urban History, December 31, 2020, 009614422097612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144220976123.

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This article presents the precolonial map of religious buildings in old Algiers (Casbah) that is based on an unedited manuscript that goes back to 1870. It helps to reconstitute the original urban fabric, locate the disappeared buildings, and identify the impacts of the demotion actions on the town. Among the 167 buildings that existed at the arrival of the French army, only forty-seven buildings remained at the time of the author. The approach combines the literature sources with old maps and the detailed sketches that were undertaken by the Genie Militaire. The overlapping of the historical

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46

GASPARYAN, ARAM. "THE FRENCH INVASION OF ALGERIA IN 1830: THE RESULTS AND THE EFFECTS." COUNTRIES AND PEOPLES OF THE NEAR AND MIDDLE EAST, 2018, 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.52837/18291422-2018.31-88.

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At the beginning of the 19th century Algeria was a weak and divided country, so it became the first target of the French colonial acquisition in North Africa. On June 4, 1830. The French army under general de Bourmont conquested Algeria. The ruler of the Ottoman Regency of Algiers Hüseyin Dey left for Naples while most of his troops, the janissaries, moved to Turkey and Syria. The French managed to take control of the coastal communities in a short period but the other regions of Algeria were not submitted to the French authorities. The Arab tribes, considering the moment suitable, rebelled no

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Walker, Andrew. "The Myngoon plot: Seditious state-making and the 1902 Shan rebellion in northern Siam." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, September 7, 2021, 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463421000576.

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In August 1902, the Siamese army occupied the northern township of Phrae after a rebellion by Shan timber workers, miners and traders. The Siamese general who investigated the rebellion claimed that the Shan attack on Phrae was part of a wider plot to restore Prince Myngoon to the Burmese throne. Myngoon was exiled from Burma in 1868 and had been living in Indochina since 1889. Most observers have regarded the so-called ‘Myngoon plot’ as implausible. This article provides the first detailed history of the plot. It argues that the plot was a product of ‘seditious state-making’ in the borderland

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Klute, Georg. "POST-GADDAFI REPERCUSSIONS IN NORTHERN MALI." Strategic Review for Southern Africa 35, no. 2 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.35293/srsa.v35i2.137.

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While utopias of (political) autonomy or an independent (Tuareg) state have for long been part and parcel of internal debates among Tuareg, it was only recently that the claim for independence was formulated to the outside world. A Tuareg state, Azawad, was even put into practice, albeit for some months only. A second characteristic is that there has never been a serious attempt at integrating all Tuareg, regardless of the country they are living in, into a unique nation-state. Is the 'national identity' of the respective post-colonial states so strong that it supplants the 'claim for independ

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"Jasmine Aimaq. For Europe or Empire?: French Colonial Ambitions and the European Army Plan. (Lund Studies in International History, number 33.) Lund: Lund University Press. 1996. Pp. 311." American Historical Review, June 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr/103.3.911.

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"Richard S. Fogarty, Race and War in France: Colonial Subjects in the French Army, 1914–1918, The Johns Hopkins University Press: Baltimore, MD, 2008; 374 pp., 10 illus.; 9780801888243, £40.00 (hbk)." European History Quarterly 41, no. 4 (2011): 690–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265691411417598l.

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