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Journal articles on the topic 'French Feminism'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Sekulic, Nada. "Identity, sex and 'women's writing' in French poststructural feminism." Sociologija 52, no. 3 (2010): 237–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc1003237s.

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The paper discusses political implications of the feminist revision of psychoanalysis in the works of major representatives of 1970s French poststructuralism, and their current significance. The influence and modifications of Lacan's interpretation of imaginary structure of the Ego and linguistic structure of the unconscious on explanations of the relations between gender and identity developed by Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray and H?l?ne Cixous are examined. French poststructuralist feminism, developing in the 1970s, was the second major current in French feminism of the times, different from and in a way opposed to Simone de Beauvoir's approach. While de Beauvoir explores 'women's condition' determined by social and historical circumstances, French feminists of poststructuralist persuasion engage with problems of unconscious psychological structuring of feminine identity, women's psychosexuality, theoretical implications of gendered visions of reality, especially in philosophy, semiology and psychology, as well as opening up new discursive possibilities of women's and feminine self-expression through 'women's writing'. Political implications of their approach have remained controversial to this day. These authors have been criticized for dislocating women's activism into the sphere of language and theory, as well as for reasserting the concept of women's nature. Debates over whether we need the concept of women's nature - and if yes, what kind - and over the relation between theory and political activism, have resulted in the split between the so-called 'essentialist' and 'anti-essentialist' approaches in feminist theory, and the subsequent division into American (non-essentialist) and French (partly labeled as essentialist) strands. The division is an oversimplification and overlooks concrete historical circumstances that produced the divergence between 'materialist' and 'linguistic' currents in France.

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2

Eloit, Ilana. "American lesbians are not French women: heterosexual French feminism and the Americanisation of lesbianism in the 1970s." Feminist Theory 20, no. 4 (October 21, 2019): 381–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464700119871852.

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This article examines the ways in which 1970s French feminists who participated in the Women’s Liberation Movement (Mouvement de libération des femmes – MLF) wielded the spectre of lesbianism as an American idiosyncrasy to counteract the politicisation of lesbianism in France. It argues that the erasure of lesbian difference from the domain of French feminism was a necessary condition for making ‘woman’ an amenable subject for incorporation into the abstract unity of the French nation, wherein heterosexuality is conceived as a democratic crucible where men and women harmoniously come together and differences are deemed divisive. Looking at the history of feminism from the standpoint of a lesbian perspective reveals unforeseen continuities between French ‘feminist’ and ‘anti-feminist’ genealogies insofar as they rest on common heterosexual and racial foundations. Finally, the article demonstrates that the alleged un-Frenchness ascribed to the word ‘lesbian’ in the 1970s feminist movement spectrally returned in the 1990s when the word ‘gender’ was, in its turn, deemed radically foreign to the French culture by feminist researchers. Fiercely reactionary constituencies against the legalisation of same-sex marriage have more recently taken up this rhetorical weapon against sexual and racial minorities.

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3

Du Plessis, J. W., and D. H. Steenberg. "Uit die oogpunt van ’n vrou? Perspektief op feministiese literêre kritiek in die kader van die Airikaanse prosa." Literator 12, no. 3 (May 6, 1991): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v12i3.781.

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Feminists feel that in literary criticism not enough consideration is given to feminism as an ideology in the production of texts. According to them, existing literary criticism is strongly man-centred. This is especially true of the practice of South African literary criticism. Although feminism does not have at its disposal a formulated feminist literary criticism, a great deal of research has been done in this direction abroad. This is especially the case in Europe and America. Feminist literary critics apply themselves to the representation of the woman in works by male authors and an analysis of feminine experience in the production of texts by women. This article is an exploration of the Anglo-American and French approaches in feminist literary criticism. An attempt is made to formulate the aims of a possible South African feminist literary criticism in order that not only the general norms, but also the feminist codes in the production of a text, speak towards the final interpretation of a work.

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4

Gambaudo, Sylvie A. "French Feminism vs Anglo-American Feminism." European Journal of Women's Studies 14, no. 2 (May 2007): 93–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350506807075816.

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5

Feral, Anne-Lise. "Gender in audiovisual translation: Naturalizing feminine voices in the French Sex and the City." European Journal of Women's Studies 18, no. 4 (November 2011): 391–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350506811415199.

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This article explores how certain feminine voices are adapted or ‘naturalized’ in audiovisual translation in order to conform to the intended audience’s assumed gender beliefs and values. Using purposefully selected examples from the American series Sex and the City, the author analyses elements pertaining to American feminism and how they are rendered in the French dubbing and subtitles. While the subtitles retain most references, the dubbing reveals a marked tendency to delete, weaken and transform allusions to American feminist culture as well as female achievements in the public sphere and feminist ideology. These findings are discussed in relation to the history, place and representation of women and feminism in France. The case study suggests that integrating a feminist approach in audiovisual translation research could help women’s studies detect the unspoken gender values of the cultures for which audiovisual translation is produced.

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6

Cuthbert Brandt, Gail, and Naomi Black. "“Il en faut un peu”: Farm Women and Feminism in Québec and France Since 1945." Victoria 1990 1, no. 1 (February 9, 2006): 73–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/031011ar.

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Abstract Certain farm women's organizations continue to represent the social feminist tradition of Canadian suffragism and the broader social Catholic feminism still influential elsewhere. Canadian historians have often criticized such groups in contrast with a more aggressive, equal-rights feminism found among urban and rural women in both waves of feminism. We argue that, far from being conservative, groups identified as social feminist serve to integrate farm women into public debates and political action, including feminism. We outline the history of the Cercles de fermières of Québec, founded in 1915, and the French Groupements de vulgarisation-développement agricoles féminins, founded since 1959. A comparison of members with nonmembers in each country and across the group, based on survey data collected in 1989 for 389 cases, suggests that club involvement has counteracted demographic characteristics expected to produce antifeminism. In general, we find less hostility to second-wave feminism than might be expected. Relying mainly on responses to open-ended questions, we argue that, for our subjects, feminism is tempered by distaste for confrontation. Issues supported by the movement for women's liberation are favoured by farm women, but the liberationist style and tactics are eschewed. Those of our respondents identified as feminists express preference for a complementarity modelled on the idealized family.

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7

Stuart, Robert. "“Calm, with a Grave and Serious Temperament, rather Male”: French Marxism, Gender and Feminism, 1882–1905." International Review of Social History 41, no. 1 (April 1996): 57–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859000113690.

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SummaryThis article argues that historians have underestimated the importance and complexity of Marxists' engagement with feminism during the introduction of their doctrine into the French socialist movement before the First World War. It examines the ideological discourse of the Parti Ouvrier Français, the embodiment of Marxism in France from 1882 to 1905, in order to reveal the ambiguities and contradictions of the French Marxists' approach to the “woman question” – seeking to explicate the puzzling coincidence in the movement's rhetoric of a firmly feminist commitment to women's rights with an equally intransigent hostility to organized feminism.

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8

James, Stanlie. "Remarks for a Roundtable on Transnational Feminism." Meridians 18, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 471–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15366936-7775630.

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Abstract In 1977 a collective of Black Lesbian Feminists published the Combahee River Collective Statement, a manifesto that defined and described the interlocking oppressions that they and other women of color were experiencing and the deleterious impact of these oppressions upon their lives. They committed themselves to a lifelong collective process and nonhierarchical distribution of power as they struggle(d) to envision and create a just society. Twenty-nine years after the appearance of the Combahee River Collective Statement, over one hundred African Feminists met in Accra, Ghana to formulate their own manifesto and ultimately adopt the Charter of Feminist Principles for African Feminists, which was first published in 2007 simultaneously in English and French. This paper reviews both statements and acknowledges their critical contributions to the evolution of Transnational Feminisms.

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9

Offen, Karen. "On the French origin of the words feminism and feminist." Feminist Issues 8, no. 2 (June 1988): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02685596.

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10

Hirsch, Pam. "Feminism, Socialism, and French Romanticism." Women’s Philosophy Review, no. 13 (1995): 21–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/wpr19951316.

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11

Gordon, Felicia. "Feminism, Socialism and French Romanticism." French History 9, no. 1 (March 1, 1995): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fh/9.1.105.

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12

Vincent, K. Steven. "Feminism, socialism, and French romanticism." History of European Ideas 21, no. 4 (July 1995): 576–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-6599(95)90203-1.

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13

Kuykendall, Eléanor H. "Subverting Essentialisms." Hypatia 6, no. 3 (1991): 208–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1991.tb00264.x.

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14

Penrod, Lynn K. "Translating Hélène Cixous: French Feminism(s) and Anglo-American Feminist Theory." TTR : traduction, terminologie, rédaction 6, no. 2 (March 16, 2007): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037150ar.

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Abstract Translating Hélène Cixous: French Feminism(s) and Anglo-American Feminist Theory — The works of H. Cixous in English translation represent an interesting case study to examine the relevant choice factors which enter into the project of translation. Cixous, as a representative of what the Anglo-American feminist community has described as "French Feminism" remains best known for two works, both written nearly twenty years ago, "Le Rire de la Méduse" (1975) and La Jeune Née (1976). Although the former text was translated almost immediately, the latter waited a decade before reaching an English reading audience. Compared to Luce Irigaray and Julia Kristeva, Cixous remains the least available in translation to an English audience despite a prolific output over the course of her career. The politics of choice, the décalage factor, the problems of academic translators and the "difficulty factor" are discussed as they relate to Cixous's translated works.

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15

Nye, Andrea. "French Feminism and Philosophy of Language." Noûs 20, no. 1 (March 1986): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2215279.

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16

Sowerwine, C., and Clarie Goldberg Moses. "French Feminism in the Nineteenth Century." American Historical Review 91, no. 1 (February 1986): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1867291.

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17

Winter, Bronwyn. "(Mis)representations: What French feminism isn't." Women's Studies International Forum 20, no. 2 (March 1997): 211–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-5395(97)00010-1.

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18

Rose, R. B. "Feminism, Women and the French Revolution." Australian Journal of Politics & History 40 (April 7, 2008): 173–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8497.1994.tb00879.x.

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19

Allwood, Gill, and Khursheed Wadia. "French feminism: National and international perspectives." Modern & Contemporary France 10, no. 2 (May 2002): 211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09639480220126143.

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20

Schaal, Michèle. "From actions to words: FEMEN’s fourth-wave manifestos." French Cultural Studies 31, no. 4 (October 22, 2020): 329–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957155820961650.

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Since its creation in 2008 in Ukraine, FEMEN has fascinated mainstream audiences and scholars alike. Yet few studies have dealt with FEMEN’s writings in French. While the lack of translations may partially explain this critical gap, the overall dismissal of FEMEN and its impact on contemporary feminisms participates in the historic marginalisation of women’s contributions to the arts, the sciences, or society at large. Recognising the organisation’s problematic standpoints, this article demonstrates how, going from action to words, FEMEN’s collective book publications, Manifeste FEMEN and Rébellion, contribute to, and complicate, contemporary feminist thought and debates. Inscribing themselves in the feminist manifesto tradition, both books articulate a fourth-wave feminist standpoint, and through FEMEN’s assessment of their actions, the organisation unveils Western democracies’ tartufferies regarding secularism and equal rights. FEMEN’s manifestos also generate a reflection on the (im)possibility of a universal, global approach to feminism, namely, due to their Islamophobic stances.

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21

Ghodsee, Kristen, Hülya Adak, Elsa Stéphan, Chiara Bonfiglioli, Ivan Stankov, Rumiana Stoilova, Rochelle Goldberg Ruthchild, et al. "Book Reviews." Aspasia 15, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 165–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/asp.2021.150111.

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Anna Artwinska and Agnieszka Mrozik, eds., Gender, Generations, and Communism in Central and Eastern Europe and Beyond, New York: Routledge, 2020, 352 pp., £120.00 (hardback), ISBN: 978-0-36742-323-0.Clio: Femmes, Genre, Histoire, 48, no. 2 (2018)Lisa Greenwald, Daughters of 1968: Redefining French Feminism and the Women’s Liberation MovementGal Kirn, The Partisan Counter-Archive: Retracing the Ruptures of Art and Memory in the Yugoslav People’s Liberation StruggleMilena Kirova, Performing Masculinity in the Hebrew BibleAndrea Krizsan and Conny Roggeband, eds., Gendering Democratic Backsliding in Central and Eastern Europe: A Comparative AgendaLudmila Miklashevskaya, Gender and Survival in Soviet Russia: A Life in the Shadow of Stalin’s TerrorBarbara Molony and Jennifer Nelson, eds., Women’s Activism and “Second Wave” Feminism: Transnational HistoriesN. K. Petrova, Zhenskie sud’by voiny (Women’s war fates)Feryal Saygılıgil and Nacide Berber, eds. Feminizm: Modern Türkiye’de Siyasi Düşünce, Cilt 10 (Feminism: Thought in modern Turkey, vol. 10)Marsha Siefert, ed., Labor in State-Socialist Europe, 1945–1989: Contributions to a History of WorkZilka Šiljak Spahić, Sociologija roda: Feministička kritika (Sociology of gender: Feminist critique)Věra Sokolová and Ľubica Kobová, eds., Odvaha nesouhlasit: Feministické myšlení Hany Havelkové a jeho reflexe (The courage to disagree: Hana Havelková’s feminist thought and its reflections)Katarzyna Stańczak-Wiślicz, Piotr Perkowski, Małgorzata Fidelis, Barbara Klich-Kluczewska, Kobiety w Polsce, 1945–1989: Nowoczesność – równouprawnienie – komunizmp (Women in Poland, 1945–1989: Modernity, equality, communism)Vassiliki Theodorou and Despina Karakatsani, Strengthening Young Bodies, Building the Nation: A Social History of Children’s Health and Welfare in Greece (1890–1940) Maria Todorova, The Lost World of Socialists at Europe’s Margins: Imagining Utopia, 1870s–1920s Jessica Zychowicz, Superfluous Women: Art, Feminism and Revolution in Twenty-First-Century Ukraine

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22

Jones, Colin. "FRENCH CROSSINGS IV: VAGARIES OF PASSION AND POWER IN ENLIGHTENMENT PARIS." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 23 (November 19, 2013): 3–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0080440113000029.

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ABSTRACTThis paper examines female libertinism in eighteenth-century France, highlighting the hybrid identity of actress, courtesan and prostitute of female performers at the Paris Opéra. The main focus is on the celebrated singer, Sophie Arnould. She and others like her achieved celebrity by moving seamlessly between these three facets of their identity. Their celebrity also allowed them to circulate within the highest social circles. Feminists of the 1790s such as Olympe de Gouges and Théroigne de Méricourt had pre-Revolutionary careers that were very similar to those of Arnould. It is suggested that understanding this kind of individual in Ancien Régime France can help us to identify a neglected libertine strand within Enlightenment culture, that merged into proto-feminism in the French Revolution. The paper offers a new approach to some of the origins of modern French feminism.

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23

Mansoor, Asma. "A Defense of the French Feminists: Countering Spivak’s Arguments in “French Feminism in an International Frame”." Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction 60, no. 2 (October 9, 2018): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00111619.2018.1526774.

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24

Kang, Cho Rong. "The reality of contemporary french feminist (1)-Around birth and diffusion of french feminism invented in US." Comparative Korean Studies 23, no. 3 (December 31, 2015): 311–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.19115/cks.23.3.10.

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25

Moses, Claire Goldberg. "Made in America: "French Feminism" in Academia." Feminist Studies 24, no. 2 (1998): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3178697.

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26

Gallop, Jane. "French theory and the seduction of feminism." Paragraph 8, no. 1 (October 1986): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/para.1986.0007.

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27

Nye, Robert. "Sexuality and the 'Singularity' of French Feminism." Australian Feminist Studies 15, no. 33 (December 2000): 325–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713611974.

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28

Rodgers, Catherine. "Contemporary French Feminism and Le Deuxième Sexe." Simone de Beauvoir Studies 13, no. 1 (November 25, 1996): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25897616-01301009.

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29

Woodward, Kathleen M. "French Late-Style Femininity and American Feminism." Journal of Women's History 12, no. 4 (2001): 208–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jowh.2001.0019.

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30

Bolla, Luisina, and María Luisa Femenías. "Invisible Narratives: Situated readings from a French material feminism." La Aljaba 23 (December 1, 2019): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.19137/aljaba-2019-230105.

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31

Vergès, Françoise. "On Women and their Wombs: Capitalism, Racialization, Feminism." Critical Times 1, no. 1 (April 1, 2018): 263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/26410478-1.1.263.

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Abstract This article draws from Françoise Vergès's book, Le ventre des femmes: Capitalisme, racialisation, féminisme,* which traces the history of the colonization of the wombs of Black women by the French state in the 1960s and 1970s through forced abortions and the forced sterilization of women in French foreign territories. Vergès retraces the long history of colonial state intervention in Black women's wombs during the slave trade and post-slavery imperialism, and after World War II, when international institutions and Western states blamed the poverty and underdevelopment of the Third World on women of color. Vergès looks at the feminist and Women's Liberation movements in France in the 1960s and 1970s and asks why, at a time of French consciousness about colonialism brought about by Algerian independence and the social transformations of 1968, these movements chose to ignore the history of the racialization of women's wombs in state politics. In making the liberalization of contraception and abortion their primary aim, she argues, French feminists inevitably ended up defending the rights of white women at the expense of women of color, in a shift from women's liberation to women's rights.

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32

Delphy, Christine. "The Invention of French Feminism: An Essential Move." Yale French Studies, no. 87 (1995): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2930332.

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33

Delphy, Christine. "The Invention of French Feminism: An Essential Move." Yale French Studies, no. 97 (2000): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2903219.

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34

Dallery, Arleen B. "Sexual embodiment: Beauvoir and French feminism (écriture féminine)." Women's Studies International Forum 8, no. 3 (January 1985): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-5395(85)90042-1.

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35

Hayward, Susan. "To desire differently: Feminism and the French cinema." Women's Studies International Forum 16, no. 1 (January 1993): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-5395(93)90091-m.

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36

Moorjani, Angela, Luce Irigaray, Karin Montin, and Mary Lydon. "Translating Theory and Feminism(s) from the French." Contemporary Literature 37, no. 4 (1996): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1208776.

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37

Disch, Lisa. "Christine Delphy's Constructivist Materialism: An Overlooked “French Feminism”." South Atlantic Quarterly 114, no. 4 (October 2015): 827–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00382876-3157155.

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38

Zouggari, Najate. "Hybridised materialisms: The ‘twists and turns’ of materialities in feminist theory." Feminist Theory 20, no. 3 (October 23, 2018): 269–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464700118804447.

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This article examines the conceptualisation of materialities in feminist theory through two paradigmatic examples: (French) materialist feminism and new materialisms. What can be interpreted as an opposition between different paradigms can also be disrupted as long as we define what matters as a relation or a process rather than a substance or a lost paradise to which we should return. New materialisms indeed help to investigate aspects such as corporeality, human/non-human interaction and textures, but the role of feminist materialism is invaluable in highlighting the social structures of power relations; more than ever, it makes a decisive contribution to the understanding of domination, such as the social relations and hierarchies implied in femosecularism conceptualised in this article. Ultimately, the tool of hybridised materialisms aims to articulate the theoretical perspective of materialist feminism with that of the new materialisms – in order to avoid the binarism between materiality and culture.

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39

Zalloua, Zahi. "Žižek with French Feminism: Enjoyment and the Feminine Logic of the “Not-All”." Intertexts 18, no. 2 (2014): 109–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/itx.2014.0010.

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40

Plott, Michèle. "Feminism, Socialism, and French RomanticismMoses, Claire Goldberg and Leslie Wahl Rabine. Feminism, Socialism, and French Romanticism. Indiana University Press, 1993." Contemporary French Civilization 18, no. 2 (October 1994): 251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/cfc.1994.18.2.016.

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41

Walton, Whitney. "Frondeuses and Feminists in the Work of Arvède Barine (1840–1908)." French Politics, Culture & Society 38, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 91–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fpcs.2020.380105.

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This article examines Arvède Barine’s extensive and popular published output from the 1880s to 1908, along with an extraordinary cache of letters addressed to Barine and held in the Manuscript Department of the National Library of France. It asserts that in the process of criticizing contemporary feminist activists and celebrating the achievements of women, especially French women, in history, she constructed the historical and cultural distinctiveness of French women as an ideal blend of femininity, accomplishment, and independence. This notion of the French singularity, indeed the superiority of French women, resolved the contradiction between her condemnation of feminism as a transformation of gender relations and her support for causes and reforms that enabled women to lead intellectually and emotionally fulfilling lives. Barine’s work offers another example of the varied ways that women in Third Republic France engaged with public debates about women and gender.

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42

Winnubst, Shannon. "Exceeding Hegel and Lacan: Different Fields of Pleasure within Foucault and Irigaray." Hypatia 14, no. 1 (1999): 13–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1999.tb01037.x.

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Anglo-American embodiments of poststructuralist and French feminism often align themselves with the texts of either Michel Foucault or Luce Irigaray. lnterrogating this alleged distance between Foucault and Irigaray, I show how it reinscrihes the phallic field of concepts and categories within feminist discourses. Framing both Foucault and Irigaray as exceeding]acques Lacan's metamorphosis of G.W.F. Hegel's Concept, I suggest that engaging their styles might yield richer tools for articulating the differences within our different lives.

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43

Cano, Marina. "A Woman's Novel: Olive Schreiner, Mona Caird, and Hélène Cixous's Écriture Féminine." Victoriographies 9, no. 1 (March 2019): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/vic.2019.0323.

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In the 1880s and 1890s, New Woman writers changed the face of British society and British fiction through their sexually open works, which critiqued old notions of marriage, and through their stylistic experimentation, which announced the modernist novel. New Woman scholarship has often studied their work in connection with that of French feminists of the late twentieth century, such as Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, and Hélène Cixous. This article reconsiders the nature of this connection through a close examination of novels by two of the most popular New Woman authors, Mona Caird (1854–1932) and Olive Schreiner (1855–1920). I read Caird's The Wing of Azrael (1889) and Schreiner's The Story of an African Farm (1883) through the lens of Hélène Cixous's theories of écriture féminine, or feminine writing, to question the accusation of biological determinism which is frequently directed at both groups of writers. By applying Cixous's notions of feminine aesthetics, bisexuality, and alterity to Caird and Schreiner, my study provides the basis for a new understanding of their novels. More generally, it complements and qualifies the connection between the New Woman and so-called French feminism, thereby helping produce a more complex framework to study the fin de siècle.

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López Sáenz, María Del Carmen. "Razones del feminismo frente a la arrogancia de la razón dominante." Investigaciones Fenomenológicas, no. 16 (February 8, 2021): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/rif.16.2019.29684.

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Partiendo de la obra de Vicent Martínez en la que explicita qué entiende por “racionalidad práctica” en el marco de sus estudios fi-losóficos para la paz —también para la paz entre los géneros—, repensamos aquí nuestras propias contribuciones a la interacción entre la fenomenología y el feminismo, particularmente la vinculación de la crítica fenomenológica del objetivismo con el desenmascaramiento de la razón patriarcal, para demostrar que el reconocimiento no indiferente de la pluralidad no está reñido con la autonomía y la universalidad de la razón, sino exclusivamente con la razón instrumental dominante hasta el siglo XXI. Consideramos esta última desde el diagnóstico husserliano de la crisis de las ciencias, y desde la crítica a la Modernidad emprendida por la Escuela de Frankfurt. Con la mirada puesta en la tercera generación de la misma y en el fenomenólogo francés Maurice Merleau-Ponty, reivindicamos una razón ampliada (élargie), que no solo tiene implicaciones epistemológicas, sino existenciales, y que puede ayudar a superar incluso los dualismos surgidos en el feminismo, una tradición de pensamiento que, en diálogo con la fenomenología, gana radicalización filosófica a la vez que la fenomenología arraiga en el movimiento feminista y, con él, en la autoresponsabilidad de la humanidad.Starting from the work of Vicent Martínez in which he explains what he understands by "practical rationality" in the framework of his philosophical studies for peace–also for peace between genders–, I rethink my own contributions to the interaction between phenomenology and feminism, particularly the link of the phenomenological critique of objectivism and the unmasking of patriarchal reason in order to demonstrate that the non-indifferent recognition of plurality is not at odds with the autonomy and universality of reason, but exclusively with the instrumental reason which dominates until the 21st century. I consider this dominating reason from Husserl's diagnosis of the crisis of the sciences as well as from the criticism to Modernity undertaken by the Frankfurt School. I will pay attention on the third generation of this School as well as on the French phenomenologist Maurice Merleau-Ponty in order to reclaim an enlarged reason which not only has epistemological implications, but existential. This reason can even help overcome the dualisms that have arisen within feminism. Feminism is a tradition of thought that, in dialogue with phenomenology, can attain a philosophical radicalization while phenomenology can take root in the feminist movement and with it, in the self-responsibility of humanity.

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Lloyd, Caryl L. "THE POLITICS OF DIFFERENCE: FRENCH FEMINISM IN THE NINETIES." Contemporary French Civilization 16, no. 2 (October 1992): 174–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/cfc.1992.16.2.003.

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Fassin, Eric. "The Purloined Gender: American Feminism in a French Mirror." French Historical Studies 22, no. 1 (1999): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/286704.

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Sarde, Michèle. "French Feminism in the XIXth CenturyMoses, Claire Goldberg. French Feminism in the XIXth Century. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1984." Contemporary French Civilization 11, no. 1 (October 1987): 118–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/cfc.1987.11.1.015.

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Levine Frader, Laura, Ian Merkel, Jessica Lynne Pearson, and Caroline Séquin. "Book Reviews." French Politics, Culture & Society 39, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fpcs.2021.390107.

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Lisa Greenwald, Daughters of 1968: Redefining French Feminism and the Women's Liberation Movement (Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 2018). Eric T. Jennings, Escape from Vichy: The Refugee Exodus to the French Caribbean (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018). Kathleen Keller, Colonial Suspects: Suspicion, Imperial Rule, and Colonial Society in Interwar French West Africa (Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 2018).

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Mishra, Indira Acharya. "Voice of Protest in Nepali Poetry by Women." Molung Educational Frontier 10 (December 31, 2020): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mef.v10i0.34057.

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This article explores feminist voice in selected poems of four Nepali female poets. They are: "Ma Eutā Chyātieko Poshtar" ["I, a Frayed Poster"] by Banira Giri, "Pothī Bāsnu Hudaina" ["A Hen Must not Crow"] by Kunta Sharma,"Ma Strī Arthāt Āimai"["I am a Female or a Woman"] by Seema Aavas and "Tuhāu Tyo Garvalai" ["Abort the Female Foetus"] by Pranika Koyu. In the selected poems they protest patriarchy and subvert patriarchal norms and values that trivialize women. The tone of their poems is sarcastic towards male chauvinism that treats women as a second-class citizen. The poets question and ridicule the restrictive feminine gender roles that limit women's opportunity. To examine the voice of protest against patriarchy in the selected poems, the article takes theoretical support from French feminism, though not limited to it. The finding of the article suggests that Nepali women have used the genre to the political end, as a medium to advocate women's rights.

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Moses, Claire. "Made in America: ‘French Feminism’ in United States Academic Discourse." Australian Feminist Studies 11, no. 23 (April 1996): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08164649.1996.9994801.

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