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Journal articles on the topic 'French to English translation'
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Adeyefa, Damola E. "A Postcolonial Insight into African Onomastics in Europhone Translation: A study of D. O. Fagunwa’s Selected Yoruba Narrative Names." Yoruba Studies Review 7, no. 1 (July 26, 2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/ysr.v7i1.131435.
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Most African names have sociocultural identities, which convey thoughts, traditions, fortunes, conditions, histories, and other features. Translating African indigenous names from Yoruba into French and English transcends Saussure’s postulation of signified–signifier arbitrariness (Saussure,1975). Previous studies in African onomastic translation have concentrated mostly on Europhone translation, with insufficient scholarly attention paid to the Yoruba-French onomastic translation. Therefore, this work explores Yoruba names in a literary onomastic translation with a view to bringing to fore the connotative embodiments of African names. Establishing techniques to employ in translating African names into European languages like French and English. The study adapts Newmark (1988) and Moya (2000) approaches to name translation. The content analysis was employed in the investigation and interpretation of the data that were purposively selected from two D. O. Fagunwa’s Yoruba novels – Ògbójú Ọdẹ nínú Igbó Irúnmalẹ̀ (2005) and Ìrèké-Oníbùdó (2005) –and their French translations – Le preux chasseur dans la forêt infestée de démons (1989) and La fortune sourit aux audacieux(1989) – by Olaoye Abioye respectively; as well as Louis Camara’s, an Ivorian francophone, translation of Soyinka’s translation The Forest of a Thousand Daemons (1982); originally from Fagunwa’s Ogboju into French-- La Forêt aux Mille Demons (2010). The essay concludes that African names are embedded in ethnolinguistic and sociocultural connotations and specific translational techniques are imperative to their translations into European languages such as French and English
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N’Zengou-Tayo, Marie-José, and Elizabeth Wilson. "Translators on a Tight Rope: The Challenges of Translating Edwidge Danticat’s Breath, Eyes, Memory and Patrick Chamoiseau’s Texaco." TTR : traduction, terminologie, rédaction 13, no. 2 (March 19, 2007): 75–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037412ar.
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Abstract Translators on a Tight Rope: The Challenges of Translating Edwidge Danticat's Breath, Eyes, Memory and Patrick Chamoiseau's Texaco — For Caribbean intellectuals and scholars, translation of Caribbean literary texts has a key role to play for breaching the language barriers in the Caribbean and fostering regional integration. However, most publishing houses are located in the industrialized North, i.e. in countries which had colonial interests in the region. The targeted market of these publishers is located in a region which tends to exoticize the Caribbean. Henceforth, translating Caribbean literature can be like walking on a tight rope, since the translator would have to negotiate carefully between exoticism and faithfulness to the Caribbean culture. In addition, at least for the Dutch, French and English-speaking Caribbean, there is also the issue of bilingualism: use of French in relation with use of Haitian / Martinican / Guadeloupian Creole, use of English with Jamaican / Trinidadian Creole or a French-based Creole (Dominica, Grenada, and St Lucia). Against this background, we examined two translations, one from English into French (Edwidge Danticat's Breath, Eyes, Memory, 1994), the other from French into English (Patrick Chamoiseau's Texaco, 1992). We analyzed the translators' strategies in order to convey the Haitian and Martinican cultures. We also discussed their rendering of the bilingual shifts present in both texts. One translator was more successful than the other, which also raised the issue of 'scholar' translation versus 'non scholar' translation. In conclusion, Caribbean academics have to be watchful of the translations of literary works of the region since these translations, which do not aim primarily at the regional audience will nevertheless impact on cultural relationships in the region.
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McIlfatrick-Ksenofontov, Miriam. "Fetching Poems from Elsewhere: Ciaran Carson’s Translations of French Poetry." Interlitteraria 21, no. 1 (July 4, 2016): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/il.2016.21.1.5.
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Ciaran Carson is a renowned Northern Irish poet with a distinguished record of translating poetry from Irish, Italian and French. This article focuses on his translation practice as evidenced in his three volumes of French poetry in translation: sonnets by Baudelaire, Mallarmé and Rimbaud; prose poems by Rimbaud; and poems by Jean Follain. Guided by the music, the matter, and the linguistic and ontological going-beyond of the originals, Carson variously ‘adapts’ prose poems to a rhyming alexandrine format, makes explicit use of derivation, shifts spatio-temporal perspective, and ‘doubles’ his French translations with English originals. Carson’s approach of ‘fetching’ poems from ‘elsewhere’ is assessed in the light of Meschonnic’s poetics of translation, which would define the overarching objective as producing new poems in English which do in English what the originals do in French. The analysis of Carson’s new poems is also informed by conceptualizations of creativity and originality arising from research in cognitive science, literary studies and critical theory. Carson’s practice of working under constraints suggested by the original poems and exploiting possibilities offered by and between the two languages leads to an expressive plurality that unsettles notions of source and target language. His translation artefacts and commentaries are examined for the light they shed on originality and derivation; writing and translating; the subjectivity of the translator; and the relationship between original poem and new poem.
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Elster, Jon. "Tocqueville in English." European Journal of Sociology 40, no. 1 (May 1999): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000397560000730x.
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Tocqueville's two major works, Democracy in America and The Old regime and the revolution, have fared very differently in English translation. The Lawrence translation of Democracy in America is essentially accurate, except for a handful of mistakes. The classical translation by Gilbert of The Old Regime was excessively free and rhetorical, but did not betray lack of understanding of French language or history. A new translation published by University of Chicago Press suffers from the opposite flaws. While trying to follow the original very closely, the translator got many things wrong because of a demonstrable lack of proficiency in French.
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Moyes, Lianne. "From one colonial language to another: Translating Natasha Kanapé Fontaine’s “Mes lames de tannage”." TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 10, no. 1 (September 20, 2018): 64–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/tc29378.
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Signed and posted to the internet on July 6, 2012 in the months following the “Printemps érable” and leading up to Idle No More, “Mes lames de tannage” is one of Natasha Kanapé Fontaine’s most important slams. In analysing my English translation of this slam, published in Canadian Literature in 2016, this essay speaks to the relationship between Indigenous literatures and European languages. It participates in a conversation about what it means to translate French-language Indigenous literature from Quebec into English. Such translation enables Indigenous writers across North America to make links with each other and foster a broader interpretive community for their writing. Given the flow of Indigenous literature and critical thought from English into French over the past decades, thanks to publishing houses in France, the recent wave of translations from French into English and the sharing of French-language work mark a significant shift in the field. At the same time, the gesture of translating into English a writer who works primarily in French but is in the process of relearning her maternal language, Innu-aimun, brings to the fore all the pitfalls of moving from one colonial language to another. The challenge for translation is not to lose sight of Kanapé Fontaine’s relationship to French and especially, the way she lends it her voice. In the slam, French is a language of contestation but also of collaboration. Drawing on what she calls a “poetics of relation to the land,” Kanapé Fontaine works toward a respectful cohabitation of the territory. In this context, my strategies of including the French alongside the English and leaving words un-translated aim to disrupt the English version, expose the mediating work of the settler-translator and turn attention to Kanapé Fontaine’s mobilization of French for a writing of decolonization.
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Margala, Miriam. "The Unbearable Torment of Translation: Milan Kundera, Impersonation, and The Joke." TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 1, no. 3 (March 18, 2011): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/t9c62h.
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Milan Kundera, a Czech émigré writer, living in Paris and now writing in French, is (in)famous for his tight and obsessive authorial control. He has said many times that he did not trust translators to translate his works accurately and faithfully. The various translations of his novel Žert (The Joke) exemplify this point. The novel has been translated into English, French, and many other languages more than once, depending on Kundera’s dissatisfaction with a particular translation (which, at first, he would support). Thus, there followed a cascade of translations (namely in French and English) as Kundera would eventually become dissatisfied even with the latest “definitive” translated version. As he famously says in an interview regarding the 1968 French translation of Žert, “rage seized me”. From then on, Kundera showed displeasure at any translator who, however briefly, would impersonate the author and take some license in translating Kundera’s work. Further, Kundera decided that only his full authorial involvement in the process would ascertain “the same authenticity” of his translations as the original Czech works. Kundera thus becomes the omnipresent, omnipotent author, himself impersonating God controlling his own creation. Finally, Kundera takes extreme measures and translates Žert into French himself. The resulting translation surprised many – editing changes are plentiful but apparent only to those who can compare the original Czech text with Kundera’s own translation. Kundera’s stance is conflicting, as he denies creativity to other translators but as the auto-translator, Kundera freely rewrites, rather than just retranslates, his own works. By exploring the convoluted and complex history of translations of Kundera’s works, I will try to illuminate the reasons behind Kundera’s posture. I will support my discussion by analyzing not only well known Kundera’s statements, but also those less quoted which, as I have discovered, are rather crucial to understanding Kundera’s position.
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Mossop, Brian. "The Missing Style Problem and the Translation of French Erotica into English." Meta 62, no. 2 (September 11, 2017): 333–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1041027ar.
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In most synonym sets, there is a neutral item that does not belong to any particular style (poor is neutral whereas impecunious and broke are not). In writings about sex, French has a neutral style but English does not. The English translations of two French autobiographies detailing the authors’ sex lives are presented and some of the translators’ strategies are discussed. These two cases are seen against the general background of style options available to translators. A translator’s approach to style can be theorized by comparison to the source text (use an equivalent style, use a different existing style, create a new style, use a default ‘translating style’) or by considering how the translator ‘voices’ the translation (use the voice of the source writer, the imagined future readers, the translator, or some other voice).
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Stahl, Aletha. "Does Hortense Have a Hoo-Hoo? Gender, Consensus, and the Translation of Gisèle Pineau’s L’espérance-macadam." TTR : traduction, terminologie, rédaction 13, no. 2 (March 19, 2007): 127–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037414ar.
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Abstract Does Hortense Have a Hoo-Hoo? Gender, Consensus, and the Translation of Gisèle Pineau's L'espérance-macadam — This article uses an experiment in translating Guadeloupean writer Gisèle Pineau's novel L'espérance-macadam via consensus as a point of departure for analyzing the broader context of translating the French Caribbean for an English-speaking public. Previous efforts at translating recent French Caribbean fiction have focused on the challenge of representing the linguistic spectrum specific to the franco- and creolophone Caribbean. Here, it is suggested that Pineau's particular choices in inflecting French with Creole represent women in important ways, and that an awareness of this gendering of language is germane to translation into English. It is also acknowledged that desires on the part of English-speaking translators are not necessarily innocent but that an awareness of gender and local specificities can contribute to the consensus process entailed in publishing translations and should be part of ongoing debates concerning the French Caribbean in general.
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Gordon, W. Terrence. "A Comparative Study of the French & Italian Translations of Anne Michaels’ Fugitive Pieces." TTR : traduction, terminologie, rédaction 15, no. 1 (July 29, 2003): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/006802ar.
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Abstract W. Terrence Gordon examines the notion of translation problems by comparing the French and Italian versions of Michaels’ work. He begins by examining the translation of geological terms which, although they cause no translation problems on a strictly scientific level, are a cause of divergence in the French and Italian versions because they express metaphorically a main theme of the novel: memory and the modifying effect that the past has on the present. Gordon also examines the strategy of each translator with regards to word play, and in particular homonyms, anagrams and palindromes, which are rendered anywhere from a strictly didactic translation to a translation based on various linguistic resources and creative expression. Gordon reminds us that we are invited to study the stylistique interne of English-French and English-Italian through the two translations.
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Beboy, Clotaire Ngaba, and Stephen Ambe Mfortheh. "Recurrent Errors in the French-English Translations of Undergrad Students in the University of Bangui." Global Academic Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 6 (December 16, 2022): 220–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/gajhss.2022.v04i06.004.
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While translation is indispensable in multi-lingual contexts, translation from French to English continues to pose a serious problem to students of translation in the University of Bangui. This study was designed to identify first year students’ errors in their translation from French to English in order to suggest areas where adjustments can be made to improve on their proficiencies and translation skills. From the analysis of 186 learners’ French-English translations, we identified 2250 inter language errors which were mostly in the use of the continuous aspects, tense concords and subject omission. Consequently, we proposed that while focus could be made to help the learners avoid the deviations, it is imperative to get them to understand more acceptable alternatives to enhance their proficiencies and French-English translation skills.
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Gunasekera, Niroshini, and Merilyn Meristo. "L’implicite dans la traduction : une étude de cas portant sur Récifs de Romesh Gunesekera. La traduction de la culture sri lankaise en français." Interlitteraria 27, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/il.2022.27.2.6.
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The Implicit in Translation: A Case Study of Récifs by Romesh Gunesekera. Translating Sri Lankan Culture to French. This article aims to shed light on how the translator of Reef, a novel written by the Sri Lankan author Romesh Gunesekera, has dealt with culture-specific lexis originating from the Sri Lankan context. We chose this novel because it contains many references to Sri Lankan culture. The terms referring to Sri Lankan realities appear in names of Sinhala or sometimes Tamil origin. First, we will assess whether the French translation utilised a source-oriented or target-oriented translation approach. Secondly, we will work on the strategy of literal translation, focusing on translating the implicit. Thirdly, we will see the use of the Sri Lankan English language as it appears in the original novel. The author of the novel voluntarily chose the ‘Sri Lankan English’ register to remain in the local context. Are there traces of these linguistic nuances in the French translation or did the translator decide to choose the register of contemporary standard French? Our findings suggest that the translation of Reef follows a source oriented approach and succeeds in referring to local realities of Sri Lanka, maintaining specific Sri Lankan terms, which in most cases become comprehensible in the context.
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Cummins, Sarah, and Geneviève Parent. "Translating maman and papa: A corpus-based survey." Translation and Interpreting Studies 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 3–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.2.1.01cum.
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This study examines the translation of the French terms maman and papa by English-language translators from the nineteenth century to the present. Following a comparative analysis of the semantics of the French terms and of their most typical English translations, the authors of the study isolate trends in the translation of these terms through analysis of corpora of French and Quebecois literary texts and their translations.
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Laachiri, Soufiane. "Translating The Disaster of Mourice Blanchot Between Ann Smock and Azzedine Chentouf." International Journal of Translation and Interpretation Studies 1, no. 1 (August 31, 2021): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijtis.2021.1.1.3.
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The present article attempts to present a succinct and circumspect comparison between two different translations for Mourice Blanchot’s book « L’écriture du désastre ».The first translation was performed by Ann Smock in 1995 and was from French into English, while the other translation was skillfully produced by Azzedine Chentouf from French into Arabic in 2018. The contrast in attitudes and translational fertilization has provided us with ample opportunities to study, reflect on, and rethink the nexus of Blanchot’s philosophy from different linguistic perspectives. However, in our attempt to formulate our judgments on the English and Arabic versions of the book, we can judge by an escapable logic and with analytical evidence that the English translation entitled « The writing of the disaster » has intensified the hold of a literal translation that makes the chances of being close to the original meaning of the source text depressingly small. Chentouf’s translation, on the other hand, remains profoundly meaningful; it is capable of going down into the marrow of Blanchot’s thought to assert understanding of his intellectual complexities. In brief, despite the triviality of the advanced examples, we are certain that Azzedine Chentouf, through his Arabic translation, knows the hard philosophical portrait of Mourice Blanchot in its inclusiveness. Therefore, it is no surprise that every choice he makes in this translation explains his tremendous efforts as a philosopher first before being ranked as a translator.
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Namukwaya, Harriett. "Beyond Translating French into English: Experiences of a Non-Native Translator." TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 5, no. 1-2 (March 23, 2014): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/t9r906.
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This paper documents a non-native translator’s experience in an academic setting, focusing on the challenges of translating different kinds of texts from French into English at the Institute of Languages, Makerere University. Makerere Institute of Languages (MIL) is composed of four clusters: Foreign Languages, African Languages, Communication Skills and Secretarial Studies, Service Courses and Soft Skills (Wagaba 97). The services offered include teaching language skills and culture to university students and the general public; communication skills to people who want to improve in English, French, German, Arabic, Swahili and local languages; and translation and interpretation in the languages mentioned above. These services are offered at this institute because there is no other well-recognised institution in Uganda that engages in translation or interpretation, yet there is always a big demand for them. The emphasis in this study is on teachers of French who also render translation services to a wide range of clients at the Institute of Languages. The main focus is on the experiences and opinions of non-native translators. The aim is to highlight the challenges a non-native translator encounters in the process of translating different categories of documents from French into English for purposes of validation of francophone students’ academic documents and their placement in Uganda universities, verification of academic qualification of teachers from francophone countries who come to Uganda in search of teaching jobs, and mutual understanding at international conferences held in Uganda whose delegates come from francophone countries. Selected texts will be critically examined to illustrate the specific challenges a non-native speaker encounters while translating from and into a language or languages which are not his/her first language or mother tongue. The paper deals with the following questions: What does the process of translating involve? What are the challenges encountered? Does every fluent French language teacher qualify to be a competent translator? What factors determine ‘competence’ in translation? What are the limitations faced in an academic setting? The discussion is based on the premise that competence in translation requires linguistic and intercultural competence, among other competencies. The outcome contributes to the understanding that translation in any setting is ultimately a human activity, which enables human beings to exchange information and enhance knowledge transfer regardless of cultural and linguistic differences.
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Warmuzińska-Rogóż, Joanna. "Od przekładu do twórczości, czyli o quebeckich feministkach, anglokanadyjskich tłumaczkach i przekładowym continuum." Między Oryginałem a Przekładem 24, no. 40 (June 30, 2018): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/moap.24.2018.40.04.
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From Translation to the Writing: On the Quebec Feminists, Anglo-Canadian Women Translators and the Translation ContinuumThe article presents the unique relationship between French- and English- -speaking translators in Canada, which has resulted in a great number of interesting translation phenomena. The author makes reference to the distinction between feminist translation and translation in the feminine, derived from literature in the feminine, both widely practiced in Quebec. One of the representatives of this trend was Suzanne de Lotbiniere-Harwood, mostly French-English translator, known for her translations of Nicole Brossard’s works. Her activity, as well as that of other translators, contributed to the spread of the idea of translation in the feminine among Canadian writers and theoreticians. What is more, their cooperation has resulted in the creation of the magazine Tessera and in the emergence of a range of phenomena on the borderline between translation and literature. This relationship is also a rare example of the impact of “minor literature”, which is the literature of Quebec, on the English-language Canadian literature.
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Remchukova, Elena N., and Ekaterina M. Nedopekina. "Difficulties in translating Russian classics: Pushkin’s novel “Eugene Onegin” in English and French." Russian Journal of Linguistics 24, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 945–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-2020-24-4-945-968.
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A translator of classical literature is faced with the task of identifying the goal and methods of conveying the national originality of a generally recognized literary masterpiece. The article considers this problem in the context of translations of the novel in verse Eugene Onegin by Alexander Pushkin into English and French. At the same time, it raises the questions of the translators attitude to their own work, the depth of interpretation of the original, the degree of adaptation of the original text for a foreign reader. In addition, a matter of great importance is the translators assessment of the result of their own work, which is reflected in their comments and preface to the translated text. The goal of this research is to substantiate the importance of the linguistic and cultural function of comments and prefaces, which also made it possible to identify the features of the translations themselves and emphasize their continuity. When translating works of classical literature, translators do not limit their task to the translation itself. In this regard, the preface-commentary complex is viewed in the article as an important part of the translators work. The research material includes about 40 English and over 10 French translations made in the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries and presented in chronological order. Mainly those that are accompanied by prefaces and comments were selected for the analysis. The research helps to present the translations of the novel not only in terms of continuity, but also in terms of their authors critical attitude to each other, thus bringing these components of translation into the focus of a professional discussion. As a result of comparing various translations, it is possible to identify the difficulties of literary translation of the novel Eugene Onegin , which include the preservation of its poetic form, the panoramic nature of its composition, including scenes of life of the 19th century Russian nobility, and the national spirit associated with the translation of national and cultural vocabulary. The research confirms that the very fact of numerous translations of this novel, which is paradigmatic for the Russian culture, can be viewed as a form of its worldwide recognition, regardless of the professional and reader's assessment of these translations. This enables us to speak of the existence of a strong tradition that has developed in European translation studies around this particular work.
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Panofsky, Ruth. "“French-English Translation in Canada” by Maynard Gertler." Papers of The Bibliographical Society of Canada 58 (February 27, 2021): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/pbsc.v58i0.34918.
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“French-English Translation in Canada” is the transcript of a talk given by Montreal publisher Maynard Gertler to an unidentified audience in 1976. When Gertler founded Harvest House in 1959, his aim was to issue the first English-language translations of the works of Québécois writers in inexpensive, accessible editions. The talk is a document of enduring value that provides incisive analysis of contemporary Canadian publishing and presents the challenges facing a domestic publisher who was committed to issuing French works in English translation.
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Henry-Tierney, Pauline. "Simone de Beauvoir, Brigitte Bardot, and Back-Translation: The Trajectory of Beauvoir's Discourse on the ‘Eternal Feminine’." Translation and Literature 29, no. 3 (November 2020): 338–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/tal.2020.0435.
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This article traces the translation trajectory of Simone de Beauvoir's essay ‘Brigitte Bardot and the Lolita Syndrome’. First published in Esquire in 1959, Beauvoir's text was subsequently back-translated into French in 1979, and, most recently, an edited version of the English translation appeared in 2015. Exploring how Beauvoir's philosophical discourse is restored via back-translation, how both her English and French translators play a pivotal role in assimilating her voice for their respective target audiences, and how presumptions about Beauvoir's lost original French text influenced changes made in the edited English version, this article seeks to probe the dynamics of literary back-translations, to consider how they disrupt traditional hierarchies subjugating a translation to its original, and threaten the viability of such a model.
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Cosme, Christelle. "Clause combining across languages." Languages in Contrast 6, no. 1 (June 23, 2006): 71–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.6.1.04cos.
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This study explores clause combining in English and French, with special emphasis on the relationship between and/et-coordination and subordination. More precisely, the claim that English shows a strong preference for coordination while French makes more intensive use of subordination is tested against bilingual corpus data, viz. a comparable corpus of original texts and a bidirectional translation corpus. The study shows that the number of shifts from coordination to subordination is higher in translations from English into French than in translations from French into English. This finding lends strong support to the initial hypothesis.
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Sebuyungo, Enoch. "Translating official documents from French to English in Uganda." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 67, no. 6 (November 10, 2021): 730–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.00243.seb.
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Abstract Although underexplored in Africa, the translation of official documents presents a revelatory context for examining translation practice and theory. Through a sociolinguistic and pragmatic lens, this study explores how translating official documents by focusing on linguistic equivalences without taking into account national institutional systems can be misleading. The argument is made that sociolinguistic variables and Grice’s pragmatic maxims are essential in enhancing translation effectiveness. A sample of 151 pairs of source and target documents dating from 2011–2017 was purposively selected. This corpus from nineteen Francophone countries covers three broad categories: Education, Legal, and General Administrative Correspondence. Nineteen translators and fourteen end-users were also interviewed regarding the translation effectiveness of corpus examples. Data is analyzed using sociolinguistic and pragmatic criteria. Finally, the analysis is positioned within the broader scholarship on translation studies to demonstrate how this approach expands our knowledge regarding effective translation.
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Ibikunle, Tolulope. "Pamela J. Olubunmi Smith’s Translation Style in The Freedom Fight and Treasury of Childhood Memories." Yoruba Studies Review 7, no. 1 (July 26, 2022): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/ysr.v7i1.131454.
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The steady but relentless globalization of the world makes translation highly pertinent to the understanding of different endeavors and spheres, from education and the economy to politics and religion. Thus, translation as a conduit for the transmission of knowledge protects and promotes tradition, culture and literature in our contemporary world. Consequently, translators are of utmost importance to the world at large and their immediate society in particular. Literary works exhibit diverse linguistic components, coupled with social, religious and cultural aspects of human existence, hence translation of literary works could be regarded as one of the main communicative approaches across cultures. Translating literary works, thus, constitutes many problems for the translator who is expected to be both bilingual/multilingual and bicultural/multicultural. Therefore, this essay will examine the roles and challenges of cultural and textual translation in the context of African society through the contribution and dexterity of Pamela J. Olúbùnmi Smith. Since the translation of literary work is also a form of adaptation and not pure language translation, attention will be placed on Smith's artistic prowess and translation techniques by analyzing two of her translated works. While reflecting on salient challenges of translation and the impacts of translating literary works from Pamela J. Olubunmi Smith's perspective, the essay aims to address some of the ways she gets to grips with the challenges to promote the Yorùbá language, culture, religion and tradition, as a translator. The essay concludes by advocating for better circulation, promotion and expansion of the cultural, philosophical, religious, political and social ideas of Africans through translations of literary works written in English, French and other languages into African languages and those written in African languages into English, French and other languages.
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Molés-Cases, Teresa. "Manner salience and translation: A case study based on a multilingual corpus of graphic novels." Lebende Sprachen 49, no. 5 (October 8, 2020): 346–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/les-2020-0020.
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AbstractThis paper examines the salience of Manner-of-motion and its translation in a multilingual corpus of graphic novels, with the dual aim of further investigating the role of visual language in Slobin’s Thinking-for-translating hypothesis and identifying the relevant translation techniques. Many studies that draw on the hypothesis have shown, for instance, that, in the translation process from a satellite-framed language (e. g. German, English) into a verb-framed language (e. g. Spanish, French), Manner-of-motion is usually omitted, whereas in the translation process between languages belonging to the same typological group, it is generally transferred, although some intratypological variation has also been identified in the literature. The corpus studied allows both inter- and intratypological analyses: it is composed of two graphic novels by the Austrian cartoonist Ulli Lust and their corresponding translations into Spanish, French and English. The resulting data were compared with previous research in the field. The paper concludes that, although visual language minimizes the consequences of Thinking-for-translating, the conventions and restrictions of graphic novels deserve greater attention within this framework.
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L, Card. "Thinking French Translation: A Course in Translation Method: French to English (review)." Language 82, no. 1 (2006): 199–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lan.2006.0014.
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Karen Steffen, Chung. "Thinking French Translation: A Course in Translation Method: French to English (review)." Language 82, no. 1 (2006): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lan.2006.0016.
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Dubois, Jacques F., and B. J. Adab. "Annotated Texts for Translation, French-English." Modern Language Journal 78, no. 4 (1994): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/328604.
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B. "Delphi poll backs English-French translation." Nature 374, no. 6523 (April 1995): 586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/374586b0.
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Brisset, Annie, and Lynda Davey. "In Search of a Target Language." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 1, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 9–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.1.1.03bri.
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Abstract In nationalist Quebec, French is rejected as the bearer of a foreign culture in the same way that the Québécois' native land, despoiled by the English, has become the country of the Other. Theatre, more than anything else, lent itself to the task of differentiation allotted to language. As of 1968 the vernacular has become the language of the stage as well as of theatre translation such as the exchange value of both foreign works and French translations from France increasingly erodes. Translating "into Québécois" consists in marking out the difference which opposes French in Quebec and so-called French from France. Since, however, the special quality of Québécois French is truly noticeable only among the working classes, Québécois theatre translations are almost always marked by proletarization of language and lowering the social status of the protagonists, thereby increasing the translation possibilities first and foremost of American sociolects.
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Bour, Isabelle. "What Happened to the ‘Truth Universally Acknowledged’? Translation as Reception of Jane Austen in France." Humanities 11, no. 4 (June 23, 2022): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h11040077.
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There are now, in 2022, sixteen French translations of Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice. The incipit includes one of the most famous statements in the English language, as well as a modal auxiliary, the rendering of which constitutes a minor challenge for any translator. This essay will analyse all translations of the incipit, relating translation choices to historical circumstances, the contemporary status of British literature and attitudes to the translation of fiction as well as to the state of the book market.
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Reichl, К. "TRANSLATING TURKIC ORAL EPICS INTO ENGLISH AND GERMAN: PROBLEMS AND INSIGHTS." Эпосоведение, no. 1(1) (November 29, 2017): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.25587/svfu.2017.1.8093.
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It is a well-known fact that the Turkic-speaking peoples of Eurasia and Siberia possess a rich heritage of oral epic poetry. Much has been written down, and in some areas the oral tradition of epic poetry is still flourishing today. While a few of the early texts, written down in the 19th century, are available in older German translations (A. Schiefner, W. Radloff), the majority of these epics can only be accessed either in their original language or (in some cases) in Russian translation. Translations of Turkic oral epics into European languages such as English, German or French are urgently needed in order to familiarize epic scholars outside the Turkic- or Russianspeaking world with this important corpus. Translating Turkic epics into European languages poses, however, a number of problems. In the following some of these problems are identified and discussed with reference to my translations of the Uzbek oral epics Ravshan and Alpamysh into German, the Karakalpak epic Edige and the Kirghiz epic Manas both into English. ´The latter translation is still ongoing; two volumes have so far been completed. The translation problems concern basic methodological questions such as the choice between a literary and a literal translation and the strategies available to overcome differences in linguistic structure between the source languages and the target languages. An important element in translation is not only the linguistic, but also the stylistic level of the text. In addition, a translation has to pay attention to paralinguistic aspects (e.g., music and performance modes) and to the cultural world of the original. The translator is not only a mediator between languages, but also between cultures.
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Fernández Rodríguez, Carmen. "An Analysis of Octave Ségur’s Translation of Maria Edgeworth’s Belinda (1801) into French." Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses, no. 29 (November 15, 2016): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/raei.2016.29.05.
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The Anglo-Irish author Maria Edgeworth (1768-1849) became very famous in Britain at the turn of the nineteenth century thanks to her pedagogical works, regionalist and feminocentric novels, whose translations were eagerly awaited on the Continent. This paper analyses a hitherto totally unexplored field of research within Edgeworth studies: the French translation of Edgeworth’s most important English society novel, Belinda (1801), from the point of view of gender and translation studies. For this purpose, we will take into account the particular context of the work, its main features in English and French, and the particular procedures adopted by the French translator to transform Edgeworth’s tale into moral fiction for women. Octave-Henri Gabriel, comte de Ségur, adapts Belinda to the taste of French readers by sacrificing both the macrostructural and microstructural features of the source text. Despite the success of the book in France, Bélinde (1802) is not comparable to the author’s original idea, as the textual history of Belinda reveals. Edgeworth’s book deals with controversial issues at that time and features her most memorable female character, which is distorted in the French text. Ultimately, this paper confirms that the publication of Ségur’s translation has consequences on the transmission of Edgeworth’s oeuvre in other European literatures and on her image as a feminist writer.
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Chefor, Vincent Mbahawa. "Interpersonal Function in Paul Biya’s 2018 French Inaugural Speech and its English Translation." International Journal of Systemic Functional Linguistics 2, no. 2 (December 23, 2019): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.55637/ijsfl.2.2.1371.47-54.
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In this paper, Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar theory (1985) is used to analyze the interpersonal metafunction of language, with focus on the mood system, across two linguistics mediums. The corpus analyzed is a political speech namely, Cameroonian President Paul Biya’s 2018 inaugural speech in French and its English translation. Specifically, the paper seeks to know if the mood system of the political speech in the French language is preserved in its English translation. The paper leads to the conclusion that, with regard to mood choices in the French and English texts respectively, declaratives account for 96.42% and 97.79%, imperatives account for 3.58% and 2.21% while there is no representation of the interrogative in both texts. Therefore the mood system in a vast majority of the clauses in the French Source Text is preserved in the English Target Text. This is proof that in the English Translation of Paul Biya’s 2018 inaugural speech, the translator tried as much as possible to keep the original style of the political speech.
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Esqueda, Marileide Dias. "Interview with Professor Donald C. Kiraly." Letras & Letras 35, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/ll63-v35n2-2019-13.
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This interview was carried out in September 2019, via e-mail, with Donald C. Kiraly, Professor at the Johannes Gutenberg-Universität School of Translation, Linguistics and Cultural Studies, located in Mainz, Germany. Donald C. Kiraly studied Political Science at Cleveland State University in Ohio, obtained his M.A. in International Relations at Florida State University, and a Ph.D. at the University of Illinois, in the United States. He was a visiting professor at the Monterey Institute of International Studies in Monterey, California, and from September 2008 to August 2012, he held a visiting professor's position at the Ecole Supérieure d'Interprètes et Traducteurs of the University of Paris III, in France, where he taught French-English, Spanish-English and German-English translation. Among his main works dedicated to translator education are Pathways to translation (1995), Social Constructivist Approach to Translator Education (2000) and Towards Authentic Experiential Learning in Translator Education (2016). Professor Don Kiraly provides several important contributions in the following interview on the topic "evaluation of translations".
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Mason, Ian. "Translator behaviour and language usage: some constraints on contrastive studies." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 14, no. 26 (February 27, 2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v14i26.25639.
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This article concerns the phenomenon of junction, a cohesive device for signalling inter-clausal or inter-sentential relations, and its translation. The predominant finding of recent French-English contrastive studies on the topic of junction has been that, whereas there is a trend to junction-less juxtaposition in French, explicit co-ordination is preferred in English. Doubts concerning the universal validity of such a norm constitute the motivation for this study, which aims to consider:(1) the status of translator behaviour as evidence of norms of language behaviour;(2) the status of contrastive linguistics within translation studies.Examples of translations of writings by Albert Camus are then discussed in an attempt to show that translators’ decisions are sensitive to a number of contextual factors including genre, discourse and text type. My conclusions lead me to suggest some limitations on the use of quantitative studies within translation studies, including those based on analysis of machine-readable corpora.
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Dennis, Krysta. "Translating the Inauthentic: Martin McDonagh’s Hiberno-English in French Translation." Contemporary Theatre Review 29, no. 2 (April 3, 2019): 138–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10486801.2019.1591384.
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Marczak, Marek. "Polskie adaptacje łacińskich i francuskich nazw miejscowych w Nowym wielkim dykcjonarzu Pierre’a Daneta i Dymitra Franciszka Koli." Linguodidactica 24 (2020): 159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/lingdid.2020.24.12.
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The considerable number of toponyms is one of the many unexplored but interesting characteristics of the Danet-Kola French-Latin-Polish dictionary. The translator – Kola – alters toponyms in different ways. This article analyses the substantial corpus of lexicographical units, mainly place names of French and English cities. The results of the research illustrate the two most noticeable tendencies of Kola’s translations. Firstly, he adapts Latin toponyms if the term denotes a place with a diocese. Secondly, Kola refers to his knowledge of French in translation, even if place names are derived from other languages.
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Hébert, Réjean, Gina Bravo, and Louis Voyer. "La traduction d'instruments de mesure pour la recherche gérontologique en langue française: critères métrologiques et inventaire." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 13, no. 3 (1994): 392–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980800006206.
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ABSTRACTThe French language imposes an additional difficulty for gerontological research: the lack of research on valid and reliable instruments of measurement in the French language. The translation into French of instruments already developed and validated in English is an interesting solution to this problem, since it offers the opportunity of profiting from previous research and allows for international comparisons. However, translation must follow strict rules to ensure that psychometric properties of the instrument have not been altered. A consensus workshop concluded that the following steps were needed in translating from English an instrument for gerontological research: (1) selection of the most valid and reliable instrument in English; (2) translation into French and back again into English; (3) review of the translated versions by a committee; (4) pretest; (5) test-retest (and if indicated inter-rater) reliability study. An inventory of all translated instruments showed that very few instruments fulfil these basic rules. This inventory is a useful tool for researchers and will stimulate research on measurement instruments and encourage publication of its results.
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Frank, Helen. "Discovering Australia Through Fiction: French Translators as Aventuriers." Meta 51, no. 3 (September 21, 2006): 482–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/013554ar.
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Abstract The translation into French of referents of Australia and Australianness in fiction necessitates a considerable variety of translational tendencies and interpretive choices. This study focuses on French translations of selected passages and blurbs from Australian fiction set in regional Australia to determine how referents of Australian flora, fauna, landscape and people are translated and interpreted in a non-English speaking cultural system. Guided by concerns for the target readers’ understanding of the text, French translators employ normative strategies and adaptive procedures common to translation to enhance reader orientation. There is, nonetheless, evidence of culture-specific appropriation of the text and systematic manipulation of Australian referents that goes beyond normative solutions. Such appropriation and manipulation stem from a desire to create and foster culture-specific suppositions about Australia consistent with French preoccupations with colonialism, the exotic, exploration and adventure.
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Brownlie, Siobhan. "Investigating explanations of translational phenomena." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 15, no. 1 (November 20, 2003): 111–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.15.1.06bro.
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The article investigates the issue of providing explanations for translational phenomena through discussion of data provided by a case study of the English translations of works by French philosopher Jean-François Lyotard. In the study four major sources of explanation are proposed: individual situations (the context of production of a particular translation and different translators’ attitudes); textuality (the conditions governing textuality implied in translation); translators’ norms; and intersecting fields (academic translation is envisaged as being situated at the intersection of three fields: academia, publishing, and professional translation). The paper makes a case for multiple causality in translation, and also considers the issue of relations between the different sources of explanation.
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Winsnes, Selena Axelrod. "P. E. Isert in German, French, and English: A Comparison of Translations." History in Africa 19 (1992): 401–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172009.
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Paul Erdmann Isert's Reise nach Guinea und den Caribäischen Inseln in Columbien (Copenhagen 1788) seems to have enjoyed a lively reception, considering the number of translations, both complete and abridged, which appeared shortly after the original. Written in German, in Gothic script, it was quickly ‘lifted over’ into the Roman alphabet in the translations (into Scandinavian languages, Dutch, and French), thus making it available to an even greater public than a purely German-reading one. In the course of my research for the first English translation, I have found that the greatest number of references to Reise in modern bibliographies have been to the French translation, Voyages en Guinée (Paris, 1793). This indicates a greater availability of the translation, a greater degree of competence/ease in reading French than the German in its original form, or both. The 1793 translation has recently been issued in a modern reprint, with the orthography modernized and with an introduction and notes by Nicoué Gayibor. Having recently completed my own translation, I have now had the opportunity to examine the 1793 edition more closely, and have noticed a number of variations and divergencies from the original. I would like to examine these here, largely as an illustration of problems in translation, using both a copy of the 1793 edition and the new reprint. The latter, barring a few orthographical errors—confusion of f's and s's—is true to its predecessor.
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Dukes, Gerry. "THE SECOND ENGLISIllNG OF ELEUTHERIA." Samuel Beckett Today / Aujourd'hui 7, no. 1 (December 8, 1998): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757405-90000086.
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A review of Barbara Wright's translation of Eleuthéria, Samuel Beckett's first full-length play in French, written in 1947. The posthumous publication history of Beckett's original text by Les Editions de Minuit (Paris), the first translation by Michael Brodsky into English, published by Foxrock Inc. (New York) and Wright's translation is briefly sketched. The two English translations are compared and Wright's is found not only superior but also eminently actable.
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Abdou Moindjie, Mohamed. "The Cohesiveness of Personal Reference in Translation: A Case Study of French and English." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 8, no. 4 (July 31, 2019): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.8n.4p.130.
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Personal reference is a co-hyponym of textual cohesion; it deals with the first, second and third persons singular or plural; it can occur exophorically, or endophorically as anaphora or cataphora. The present paper is a descriptive study on the cohesiveness and translatability of personal reference; it describes its occurrence and cohesiveness in translating from French into English. In doing so, the analyses are done on literary texts, Madame Bovary and Strait is the Gate. The data related to personal reference are identified and collected throughout reading the whole texts under study; then the data are analyzed. The findings indicate that English language uses more cohesive personal reference than French language due to language peculiarities like abstractness, prolixity in French language; concreteness and conciseness in English language. The research reveals that some shifts which occur in translating personal reference from French into English are obligatory in that they are required by language peculiarities, whereas some shifts which are required by language norms are found to be under the translator’s latitude. The cohesiveness of personal reference, therefore, depends on language peculiarities and language norms of both French and English, which are the determinants of the translation methods of personal reference in translating from French into English.
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Bagge, Christine, and Alan Manning. "Grammar and Translation: The Noun + Noun Conundrum." Meta 52, no. 3 (November 21, 2007): 556–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/016739ar.
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Abstract This article deals with the vexed question regarding the translation into French of English NOUN1 + NOUN2 sequences. Using the 15 meaning categories presented by Biber et al. (1999: 589-591), with some modifications and corrections, the authors expand each category into 20 representative items and translate them into French; they then show, by means of case study based on the translation into French of several noun sequences, that students whose first language is English seem to have difficulty rendering certain of these structures; by contrast, students participating in the study whose first language is French tend to commit errors not made by their English counterparts. The pedagogical implications of this pilot project are pointed up, and new linguistic developments concerning the use NOUN1 + NOUN2 in French are identified.
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KANE, Hafissatou. "Teaching Translation Techniques to Second Language Learners." Studies in English Language Teaching 8, no. 3 (July 10, 2020): p26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/selt.v8n3p26.
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Translation is recognized to be one of the most challenging subjects for learners in second language departments. Knowing that these difficulties can be either dependent to the individual or the translation training, this study presents reasons why a translation teacher should introduce learners to translation techniques for better skills. In this regard, the paper aims at proposing the most frequently used translation techniques to second language learners, more specifically, to French-speaking students in English departments. The research draws on findings present in the existing literature. The translation techniques or procedures collected from previous studies can be presented into two types: direct translation procedures (borrowing, calque and literal translation), and indirect or oblique translation procedures (transposition, modulation, equivalence and adaptation). Three other techniques (compensation, amplification and omission) are also added to these seven basic procedures. Since languages can have internal characteristics that distinguish one from another, the study ends up inviting learners to pay attention to some particular features that distinguish French and English while translating.
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Guénette, Marie-France. "Agency, Patronage and Power in Early Modern English Translation and Print Cultures: The Case of Thomas Hawkins." TTR 29, no. 2 (August 27, 2018): 155–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1051017ar.
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At the English court of Queen consort Henrietta Maria (1625-1642), translation was used as a political tool, partly to impose the queen’s linguistic, cultural and Catholic heritage on Calvinist England. The queen played a pivotal role as a patron of the arts and an agent of Anglo-French cultural relations, and many translators dedicated texts to her in the hopes of winning her favour. This article focuses on “translating agents” (Buzelin, 2005), i.e. translators, printers and patrons, operating in the political, religious and literary networks in and around the Queen’s court. My research draws on scholarship on the cultural and ideological aspects of translation in Stuart Court culture and builds on recent studies on the intersection between translation and print in early modern Europe. I study patterns of patronage, literary production, and text circulation; and I probe the political, social, religious, and print networks involved in the production of translations associated with the Queen’s court, and extending well beyond its social or geographical boundaries. I examine translations using digital catalogues (Early English Books Online,Renaissance Cultural Crossroads,Cultural Crosscurrents in Stuart and Commonwealth Britain), and conduct paratextual analyses of translations dedicated to Henrietta Maria. In this article, I study translator Thomas Hawkins by using data fromSix Degrees of Francis Baconand theOxford Dictionary of National Biography. Hawkins was a key translating agent who operated in transnational Catholic print networks and whose translations of Jesuit Nicolas Caussin’sLa Cour Saintefound their way into social and literary networks around the Queen’s court. I situate Hawkins in the political and ideological contexts of the time and show how he promoted Catholic devotional literature in his capacity as agent of translation, culture and ideology. Hawkins’s case illustrates how agency, patronage and power come together in early modern England’s culture of printed translations.
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Bruffaerts, Natalia S., Valeria A. Labko, and Liudmila S. Sorokina. "Functions and properties of translation notes: comparative analysis: based on translations of Soboryane (the cathedral cleargy/Gens D`Eglise) by N. S. Leskov into French and English." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 59 (2021): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2021-59-185-198.
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The paper deals with a comparative analysis of notes to the French and English translations of The Cathedral Clergy by N. S. Leskov. It involves analyzing the language of the notes which determines their function. The neutral lexical and grammatical composition of the notes to the English text ensures their referential function while the use of deictic elements in the French notes, namely first-person pronouns, informs the latter ones a phatic function. The paper examines the objects of the notes, most of which relate to the religious discourse sphere. The study reveals the specifics of commenting which is more detailed in the English text. Special attention is paid to the notes related to fiction. A wide range of works is covered by the notes in the French translation, including those indirectly related to the text of the novel. The author also dwells on the notes concerning names and historical events, which turn out to be more informative in English translation and more affective in the French one.
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Akpaca, Servais Martial. "Explanatory Notes on the Problems of Equivalence in the Translation of Academic Certificates and Diplomas." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 3, no. 11 (November 30, 2020): 124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2020.3.11.12.
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The aim of this paper is to discuss the impact of the multicultural dimension of English on the translation of academic diplomas issued at secondary school level in French-speaking countries. Translators have difficulty in finding the equivalents of the diplomas in English (the target language). The methodology of the paper is both descriptive and comparative. On the one hand, the polycentric nature of the English language is described and its implications for translation are underlined. On the other hand, a comparative approach is used in comparing the diplomas from both linguistic communities. The findings of the paper revealed that translating from the source language (French) into English is both a linguistic and, particularly, a cultural transaction. There are three circles of English in the world, making the search for equivalents particularly complex. Translation under these conditions needs to adopt a functional approach by taking into account the realities of the target language and culture.
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Shread, Carolyn. "Translating Fatima Gallaire's Les co-épouses as House of wives: Lessons from a francophone text." Translation and Interpreting Studies 2, no. 2 (January 1, 2007): 127–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.2.2.05shr.
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This retrospective account of the process of translating Algerian playwright Fatima Gallaire’s Les co-épouses (1990) from French into English problematizes the recent assimilation of Francophone literature into the French canon. Pointing to the ways in which translating revealed cultural lacuna in a French reading, I also explain how it challenged many assumptions about traditional approaches to translation. For instance, although we began translating with a predilection for the resistant translation advocated by Lawrence Venuti, we became progressively aware of areas of resistance in Gallaire’s text, that is, in the source text, even prior to translation. This resistance was the result of the Arab cultural fabric woven into the French text, as well as a layer of Arabic that modulated and disrupted the French in which the play is written. Ultimately, the experience of translating a text by a Francophone author led me to review assumptions regarding the accessibility or transparency of Francophone texts as they are increasingly adopted by a French literary canon in search of revitalization.
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Madueke, Sylvia Ijeoma. "On Translating Postcolonial African Writing: French Translation of Chimamanda Adichie’s Half of a Yellow Sun." TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 11, no. 1 (August 6, 2019): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/tc29446.
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Like many postcolonial African novels written in English, Half of a Yellow Sun (2006) written by Nigerian writer Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie presents many instances of literary hybridity. This paper focuses on these occurrences of hybridity and examines their translation from English into French. The paper considers various manifestations of hybridity in the novel and compares them with the novel’s French translation to illuminate translation strategies while analyzing the implications of key translation choices. This paper emphasizes that the translator made a significant effort to employ ethnocentric strategies to preserve the resonances of the author’s culture, especially instances of vernacular language inherent in the original text. The paper also notes seemingly arbitrary choices that exoticize and homogenize the translated text. Despite these instances, this paper concludes that the translation managed to maintain a balance between the source text and the target language.
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Uchman, Jadwiga. "Crossing the Borders of Language and Culture: Samuel Beckett’s "Waiting for Godot"." Text Matters, no. 2 (December 4, 2012): 46–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10231-012-0054-7.
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The aim of the paper is to compare four versions of the text of Waiting for Godot: the French original, Beckett’s own translation into English and two Polish renderings done by Julian Rogoziński and Antoni Libera. The article starts with a short discussion concerning rules governing the translation process and then its evaluation. While working on the transposition of the French original into English, Beckett introduced numerous changes, this being due to his sensitivity to the very quality of each of the languages and specific references characteristic of the two cultures. Antoni Libera, an expert in Beckett’s oeuvre, argues that Beckett’s translations should be more adequately described as second language versions and that the artist recommended further translations based on his two language versions. Libera himself followed this recommendation while translating Beckett’s works into Polish. Upon publication, he provided illuminating notes, shedding light on the differences in Beckett’s versions and providing critical insight into the texts. Julian Rogoziński, on the other hand, based his translation of Waiting for Godot only on the French original. This accounts for the fact that, at times, his rendering of the text lacks precision and may not even be quite understandable. Rogoziński’s version is less satisfactory than that of Libera due to the fact that it was written earlier and by an older man, which at times results in the use of old-fashioned, outdated Polish diction and structures.
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Rottet, Kevin J. "Translation and contact languages." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 63, no. 4 (November 20, 2017): 523–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.63.4.04rot.
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In this study we use a translation corpus of English novels translated into two closely related Celtic languages, Welsh and Breton, as one way of shedding light on the extent to which languages can influence each other over time: Welsh has a long history of contact with English, and Breton with French. Ever since the work of Leonard Talmy (1991, 2000 etc.), linguists have recognized that languages fall into a small number of types with respect to how they prefer to talk about motion events. English is a good exemplar of the satellite-framed type, whereas French exemplifies the verb-framed type. Translation scholars have observed that translating between languages of two different types raises interesting questions (Slobin 2005; Cappelle 2012), and the topic is also of interest from the perspective of language contact: is it possible for a language of one type, in a situation of prolonged and intense bilingualism with a language of another type, to be influenced or perhaps even to change its own rhetorical preferences? The translation corpus provides a body of data which holds constant the starting point – the cue in each case was an English motion event in the source text. We do indeed find that Welsh and Breton have diverged in important ways in terms of their preferences for encoding motion events: Breton is revealed to have moved significantly in the direction of French with respect to these preferences.