Relevant bibliographies by topics / Freoner

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Freoner'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Freoner"

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Sokolov, M. I., and Yu V. Kozhukhov. "Investigation of applicability of Peng–Robinson and GERG-2008 equations of state of real gas for calculating properties of Freons for refrigeration machines and compressors." Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series Aviation-Rocket and Power Engineering 5, no. 1 (2021): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/2588-0373-2021-5-1-34-43.

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A study of real gas state equations Peng–Robinson and GERG-2008 with respect to calculation of Freons R404A, R408A and R410A has been carried out. Four Freon parameters are calculated during the study: saturated vapor pressure at the saturation line at some Freon temperature, Freon density at saturation pressure and some temperature, enthalpy and entropy at the same pressures and temperature. The data obtained from the calculation of Freon by the above equations are compared with the experimental data for each of the above Freons. As a result of this work, data have been obtained to evaluate the accuracy of the Peng–Robinson and GERG-2008 equations of state for each of the three CFCs, to evaluate the effectiveness of these equations, and to provide recommendations for the calculation and application of these equations in the design and mathematical modelling of refrigeration machines
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Kirsanov, Mykhailo, Inna Diakun, Vitalii Ruban, Viktor Skosyriev, and Oleksandr Zhevzhyk. "Estimation of usage efficiency of freon-steam turbines in mine energy complexes." E3S Web of Conferences 168 (2020): 00048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016800048.

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Increase of operating efficiency of mine energy complexes is an actual scientific and technical problem. Systems that utilize energy of low-potential sources and have freon-steam turbines are suggested to be included in mine energy complexes. Principles of selection of freons as working fluids in energy systems are suggested in the paper. Usage of some thermal equations of state for defining thermal and physical properties of freons is analyzed. Equation of isentropic process for the thermal Redlich–Kwong equation of state is obtained. Calculation of energy efficiency of a system with a freon-steam turbine for selected variants of usage of working fluids is performed. A calculation method of thermodynamic parameters that are necessary for energy conversion efficiency estimation of specific freons in a system of useful utilization of energy is developed. Analysis of results indicates that usage of ozone-safe and fire-safe freons in energy utilization systems of low-potential sources with a possibility of utilization of additional waste heat, which was not used in the past, allows increasing the operating efficiency of mine energy complexes.
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Букин, Владимир Григорьевич, Vladimir Grigorievich Bukin, Александр Букин, and Aleksandr Bukin. "Studying heat transfer in freon-oil mixture boiling in evaporator tubes in ship refrigerating units." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2019, no. 4 (November 15, 2019): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2019-4-82-88.

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The paper describes small-capacity irrigation evaporators that improve the performance of a refrigeration unit, as they exclude the release of liquid freon into the compressor suction pipe under sharp increasing of heat load or during ship rolling. The relevance of studying heat transfer at freons boiling in a moving film has been proved. The results and analysis of experimental data on average heat transfer coefficients are presented. The graph shows the dependence of the average heat transfer coefficients on the heat flux density at various irrigation densities. There are presented the results of special experiments determining the effect of irrigation density on heat transfer. It has been stated that the effect of pressure or saturation temperature in the modes of evaporation and developed boiling manifests itself in different ways. With developed boiling, the beam pitch does not have a significant effect on heat transfer. The experiments were carried out on two stands: small-row and multi-row. The pipes were heated with an internal electric heater. It has been inferred that heat transfer in the film is more intense than in volume, therefore, smooth steel pipes can be used in irrigation evaporators instead of finned copper tubes, which are used in flooded devices. The boiling process in a film can be described by equations valid for a large volume, taking into account quantitative differences. The values of a constant coefficient and the criteria exponents are given; the similarity equation for the regime of developed bubble boiling of freons is derived. The calculated dependencies can be applied in evaluating the operation of irrigation evaporators of ship refrigeration units.
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Bhaskar, Hemlata, and Rekha Chaudhary. "Vitamin B12 Deficiency due to Chlorofluorocarbon: A Case Report." Case Reports in Medicine 2010 (2010): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/691563.

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Background. Vitamin B12 is vital for optimal functioning of various organ systems but more importantly the central nervous system and the hematological system. Deficiency of vitamin B12 clinically manifests as excessive daytime fatigue, memory difficulties, encephalopathy, myelopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and optic neuropathy. In occupational medicine, vitamin B12 deficiency has been reported with exposure to nitrous oxide in health care workers. However, not much is known about exposure to Freons in other industries and vitamin B12 deficiency.Aim. We are reporting a case of vitamin B12 deficiency in the setting of exposure to chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gases.Case Report. A 55-year-old male refrigerator mechanic experienced recurrent visual symptoms, which included diplopia and blurring. A complete workup was done and was significant of vitamin B12 deficiency. However, his B12 levels were refractory to supplementation. Appropriate precautions at workplace improved patient's symptoms and were associated with significant improvement in B12 levels.Conclusion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of vitamin B12 deficiency (that remains refractory to supplementation) in the setting of exposure to Freon gases.
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N.N., Dekhkanova, and Marupova M.A. "Freons, Environmental Aspects And Classification In СN FEA." American Journal of Applied sciences 03, no. 04 (April 29, 2021): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajas/volume03issue04-12.

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The article provides data on the history, types, physicochemical properties of freons, applications, ozone-depleting substances, their importance in the economy, their place in the СN FEA as goods and classification problems in the commodity nomenclature.
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Porutchikov, Artem Frolovich, and Dmitriy Pavlovich Trubin. "Low temperature vacuum sublimation refrigerators on carbon dioxide as working fluid." MATEC Web of Conferences 324 (2020): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032402004.

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The paper presents the results of theoretical and experimental analysis of a vacuum-freeze-drying refrigeration machine based on carbon dioxide. Such refrigeration machines can be equipped with refrigerators for the needs of medicine, where low temperatures are widely in demand in the range from minus 80 degrees Celsius to minus 130 degrees Celsius. The problem of developing alternative refrigeration machines is dictated by modern environmental requirements for working substances, which are gradually being tightened and soon the use of familiar freons will become impossible. For the air conditioning and commercial refrigeration industry, new substances are being actively developed, such as hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs), hydrocarbons can also serve as substitutes for hydrofluorocarbons and their mixtures, but it must be considered that they are combustible and explosive. A carbon dioxide vacuum sublimation unit may be an alternative to modern freon vapor compression refrigeration units for the indicated temperature range, but subject to comparable energy costs during its operation. The article examined the three-stage and four-stage cycles of a vacuum-freeze-drying refrigeration machine, conducted their theoretical comparison in terms of COP with a cascade cycle on hydrocarbon working substances. It can be noted that the COP of the considered cycles are close, but the environmental friendliness, safety and non-combustibility of carbon dioxide gives the advantages of a vacuum freeze-drying refrigeration machine.
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Furnas, David W. "FREON 114." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 86, no. 2 (August 1990): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199008000-00048.

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Sinopalnikov, A. I., I. L. Klyachkina, and M. B. Mironov. "Beclason ECO Easy Breathe: new possibilities of known drug in treatment of asthma." PULMONOLOGIYA, no. 1 (February 28, 2005): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2005-0-1-66-72.

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An open comparative trial was designed to compare clinical efficacy of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) via non-freon metered dose inhaler (MDI) Easy Breathe or freon-containing MDI. The trial involved 30 patients not younger than 18 yrs with stable moderate to severe bronchial asthma (BA). The length of the disease exceeded 12 months and duration of previous therapy with inhaled steroids (freon-containing BDP) 1 000 to 1 500 mcg daily was at least 4 months. The trial duration was 6 months. The patients were randomised into 2 groups, 15 patients in each. Clinical signs, peak expiratory flow rate, need in short-acting β2-agonists were monitored. The study group patients were given non-freon BDP (Easy Breathe) instead of freon-containing BDP in the ratio 1 : 1. The control group patients continued treatment with freon-containing BDP. Then BDP daily doses were gradually reduced in both the groups while BA was controlled adequately. The daily dose was reduced by 500 mcg in average in 11 of 15 (73.3 %) non-freon BDP patients and in 6 (40 %) freon-containing BPD patients. So, BDP via MDI ECO Easy Breathe allows moderate to severe BA to be controlled with lower doses of the drug. This reduces a cost of the therapy, rate of potential adverse effects and results in improvement of quality of life of the patients.
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Kemnitz, Erhard, Dieter Hass, and Andreas Kohne. "Gaschromatographische Bestimmung der Adsorptionsisothermen von C1-Freonen an Chromium (III) -oxid." Zeitschrift für Chemie 29, no. 9 (August 31, 2010): 348–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zfch.19890290927.

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Turner, Stephen E., and David R. Dowling. "Acoustic precondensation phenomena in freons." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 97, no. 2 (February 1995): 1014–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.412213.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Freoner"

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Nilsson, Sara. "Miljöpåverkan ur ett företagsperspektiv : En studie över ALSTOM Power Sweden AB och dess påverkan på miljö genom åren." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2626.

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Till att börja med var miljömedvetandet inte särskilt utbrett, varken i Sverige eller i andra delar av världen. Kunskapen om att människans aktiviteter kan ha en negativ påverkan på naturen och att naturen har gränser för hur mycket den tål är något som har växt fram under årens lopp. En hel del började hända på det här området inte minst under 1960- och 70-talen. I takt med att hänsynen till miljön fått en allt större roll i vårt samhälle har det gett ringar på vattnet även hos de svenska företagen och deras produktion.

I den här studien studeras hur ALSTOM Power Sweden AB har utvecklats inom sex olika ämnesområden, med början kring 1950-talet. Områdena är asbest, buller, trikloretylen, kemikaliehantering, freoner och oljor i avloppsvattnet. Studien har genomförts med hjälp av intervjuer med personer som tidigare arbetat på företaget samt olika dokument kopplade till detsamma. Studien visar hur hänsynstagande ur flera olika aspekter blivit allt viktigare i takt med att negativa konsekvenser i samband med användningen av olika ämnen upptäckts, både i Sverige i stort och på företaget.

Studien visar att en del av de studerade områdena har uppmärksammats som problem sedan långt tillbaka i företagets historia, medan andra till att börja med inte hanterades som något problematiskt över huvud taget. Anledningen till detta är att många av de negativa konsekvenserna tidigare inte var uppenbara. Företagets hantering av, i stort sett, vart och ett av de studerade områdena har i stor omfattning påverkats av de krav som kommit från myndigheter och lagar kopplade till miljöpåverkan. Det är dessa krav och lagar som drivit på de förbättringsåtgärder som vidtagits. Studien visar också att företaget har påverkat miljön på många sätt i olika omfattning under årens lopp, åtminstone med utgångspunkt i de sex aktuella områdena.

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Frydrych, Tomáš. "Zneškodňování odpadních plynů znečištěných freony." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227868.

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This thesis inquire into experimental decomposition of freon R-22 (CHClF2 - chlorodifluorometan) for different process conditions, by the help of pilot experimental unit in heavy laboratories DEPARTMENT of process and enviromental engineering Brno. This unit can decomposition waste gas, as the case may be combustion gas by the thermic oxidation or catalytic oxidation. Ground was in theoretical research, in which had been executed decomposition of freon R-22 in laboratory. In terms of experimental work were to be execution states for decomposition of freon R-22, next will be decomposition of freon R-22 by catalytic oxidation on catalyst Pt/Al2O3 and consequently this experiment will be analyse. Part of this thesis is exploration of facts basic way to decomposition of freon R-22, accounting of experimental unit and discussion of results.
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Knight, Christopher J. K. "Freonts in non-linear wave equations with spatial inhomogeneity." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.549460.

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Young, David Larry. "Noise transmission path identification in a reciprocating freon compressor." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40628.

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Ijumba, N. M. L. "Non-uniform field breakdown in mixtures of SF6̲ and freon 113." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382321.

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Peko, Brian Lynn. "Low energy collisions of molecular ions with hydrogen, methane, and freon." W&M ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539720307.

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Measurements of total cross sections for collision induced dissociation (CID), proton abstraction, and charge transfer have been made for the reactants H+3+H 2, He, and Ar CH+4+CD 4,H2 , and Ar, and CF+3 F++CF4,H2 and Ar for laboratory collision energies ranging from a few to 400 eV. Isotopic substitutions of the target and projectile have been made where possible to investigate any isotope effects, and in some cases to more clearly identify product ions. The purpose of this investigation is to expand the limited database of collisional processes pertinent to hydrogen, methane, and Freon discharges and their numerical modeling.;Cross sections for CID are observed to be relatively constant and CID is an important process over the energy range studied for the methane and Freon experiments. Cross sections for proton abstraction are, for the most part small ( ≤ 10 A2), and this process is important only at the lowest collision energies. The newly formed ion produced from proton abstraction for all reactants studied often has sufficient internal energy such that it may autodissociate. Charge transfer is observed for higher impact energies and cross sections for this reaction do not exceed 15 A 2. In general, production of secondary ions is observed at or near the energetic thresholds required for ground state reactants. The role of internal energy contained in the primary ion beam and its effects on the measured cross sections presented here will be addressed.;In addition to total cross sections, kinetic energy distributions have been measured for H+, H2+, and H 3+ ions present in a low pressure hydrogen discharge. These measured ion energy distributions are compared to predicted values made by a recently developed Monte Carlo simulation which necessarily incorporates the cross section measurements presented here for the H3 + + H2 system, among others. Complete agreement between theory and experiment is achieved only if measured cross sections for select CID reaction channels are arbitrarily increased by a factor of 2--3. Possible justifications for this modification, in addition to other inadequacies and further improvements that should be made to this numerical model are elaborated on. The importance and implications of all the measurements presented in this work to hydrogen, methane, and Freon discharge modeling and the yet to be realized goal of complete characterization of a molecular discharge will also be discussed.
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Rose, John A. "The experimental characterization of the dynamics of a reciprocating freon compressor system." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12302008-063244/.

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Choukroun, Marie-Luce. "A propos d'une méthode non invasive de mesure du débit cardiaque par réinhalation d'un gaz inerte : le fréon 22." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR25195.

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Shi, Ji Quan. "Numerical modelling and experimental study of rollover in cryogenic liquids and liquid freon." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292431.

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Holland, Paul Edward. "Chemical interrogation of low level radioactivity." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391330.

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Books on the topic "Freoner"

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Altunin, V. V., V. Z. Geller, E. K. Petrov, D. C. Rasskazov, and G. A. Spiridonov. Thermophysical Properties of Freons. Edited by Theodore B. Selover. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-30483-9.

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Dickman, B. A. The freon fiasco. Montgomery, AL: Gracelaine Publications, 1995.

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National Swedish Environment Protection Board. CFCs, Freons: Proposals to protect the ozone layer. Solna: National Swedish Environmental Protection Board, 1987.

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Massachusetts. Dept. of Environmental Protection. Office of Technical Assistance. VOC and freon reduction at Galileo Electro-Optics Corporation. Boston, Mass.]: Office of Technical Assistance, Executive Office of Environmental Affairs, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 1991.

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Massachusetts. Dept. of Environmental Protection. Office of Technical Assistance. Gentex Optics eliminates freon use in cleaning and priming operations. [Boston, Mass.]: Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Executive Office of Environmental Affairs, Office of Technical Assistance, 1996.

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Jong, Jae Ho. Fluidelastic instability of a parallel triangular tube bundle in two-phase Freon-22 cross-flow. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1993.

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D, Beritić-Stahuljak, Valic F, World Health Organization, and United Nations Environment Programme, eds. Partially halogenated chlorofluorocarbons (methane derivatives). Geneva: World Health Organization, 1991.

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Klochkov, Sergey. Freon. Astrel, AST, 2011.

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Thermophysical Properties of Freons. Springer, 2014.

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V, Altunin V., Selover Theodore B. 1931-, and Ghojel J. I, eds. Thermophysical properties of freons: Methane series. Washington: Hemisphere Pub. Corp., 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Freoner"

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Altunin, V. V., V. Z. Geller, E. K. Petrov, D. C. Rasskazov, and G. A. Spiridonov. "Thermophysical Properties of Freon-20." In Thermophysical Properties of Freons, 1–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-30483-9_1.

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Altunin, V. V., V. Z. Geller, E. K. Petrov, D. C. Rasskazov, and G. A. Spiridonov. "Thermophysical Properties of Freon-21." In Thermophysical Properties of Freons, 17–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-30483-9_2.

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Altunin, V. V., V. Z. Geller, E. K. Petrov, D. C. Rasskazov, and G. A. Spiridonov. "Thermophysical Properties of Freon-22." In Thermophysical Properties of Freons, 65–135. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-30483-9_3.

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Altunin, V. V., V. Z. Geller, E. K. Petrov, D. C. Rasskazov, and G. A. Spiridonov. "Thermophysical Properties of Freon-23." In Thermophysical Properties of Freons, 137–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-30483-9_4.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Freon®." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 326. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_5304.

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Patnaik, Pradyot. "Freon 113." In Handbook of Environmental Analysis, 453–54. Third edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315151946-103.

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Kirszensztejn, P., L. Wachowski, B. Czajka, R. Łopatka, and T. N. Bell. "Catalytic Hydrodehalogenation of CFC’s (Freons)." In Chemistry for the Protection of the Environment 2, 93–97. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0405-0_10.

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Caupin, Frédéric, and Vincent Fourmond. "Ultrasonic Cavitation in Freon at Room Temperature." In Liquids Under Negative Pressure, 307–13. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0498-5_26.

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Zelinger, Z., P. Engst, Z. Papoušková, and M. Jakoubková. "Trace Analysis of Freons by Optoacoustic CO2 Laser Detection." In Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena, 131–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-48181-2_32.

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Sanchez, Felipe G., and Gregory A. Ruark. "Fractionation of Soil Organic Matter with Supercritical Freon." In Carbon Forms and Functions in Forest Soils, 33–41. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/1995.carbonforms.c3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Freoner"

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Heath, Taliver, Ana Paula Centeno, Pradeep George, Luiz Ramos, and Yogesh Jaluria. "Mercury and freon." In the 12th international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1168857.1168872.

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Konieczko, K., and S. Czerczak. "309. Occupational Exposure Limits for Freons in Poland." In AIHce 2001. AIHA, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2765841.

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Dupont, Pierre, O. Gorieu, Hassan Peerhossaini, and M. Kestoras. "DOUBLE-DIFFUSIVE CONVECTION IN LIQUID FREON." In International Heat Transfer Conference 11. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihtc11.3290.

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Frik, Anton, and Vytautas Martinaitis. "EKSPERIMENTINIO ŠILUMOS SIURBLIO CIKLO VALDYMO BANDYMAI." In 22-toji Lietuvos jaunųjų mokslininkų konferencijos „Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis” teminė konferencija "Pastatų energetika". Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.20334/pinzs.2019.02.

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Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas eksperimentinis oras-oras šilumos siurblys, pritaikytas vėdinimo sistemos šilumogrąžai. Siekiant įvertinti šilumos siurblio valdymo galimybes naudojant tradicinius šilumos siurblių valdymo būdus, buvo atliktas eksperimentas, kurio metu šilumos siurblys buvo valdomas keičiant droselio atidarymo padėtį bei kompresoriui tiekiamą įtampą. Nustatytos šilumos siurblio freono (R410A) parametrų keitimo priklausomybės nuo skirtingų droselio padėties ir kompresoriui tiekiamos įtampos derinių rodo, kad mažinant droselio pralaidumą freono slėgis visoje sistemoje mažėja, izotermos p-h diagramoje juda žemyn, mažėja temperatūros; didėjant kompresoriui tiekiamai įtampai, freono slėgio skirtumas tarp žemo ir aukšto slėgio pusių didėja, kompresoriaus atliekamas darbas auga. Gautos kitimo tendencijos apibrėžia galimybes efektyvaus šilumos siurblio ciklo valdymo algoritmo paieškai, kai tam naudojami droselio ir kompresoriaus veikimo deriniai.
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Kakinoki, Shumpei, Keizo Matsuura, Kenichi Kitagawa, and Isao Kataoka. "The Applicability of NFI-1 DNB Correlation and Fluid-to-Fluid Similarities to Freon DNB Test." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48348.

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Freon thermal hydraulic test is expected to be one of the workable methods to develop high thermal hydraulic performance PWR fuel. That is, high pressure water and high heat flux condition in PWR core can be substituted with lower pressure Freon and lower heat flux by applying appropriate fluid-to-fluid similarity and modeling parameters. Freon DNB tests and mixing tests were carried out against a 4×4 rod bundle configuration where R-134A flowed vertically upwardly. The tests were carried out at Freon thermal hydraulic test loop in Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI). The spacer grid used in these tests was modeled on that of conventional PWR fuel, that is, square lattice grid with split type mixing vanes. Diameter of heater rod simulating PWR fuel rod is about 10.7mm and heating length is about 2000 mm. Freon mixing tests were carried out to estimate Turbulence Diffusivity Coefficient (TDC), which was normally used in conventional thermal hydraulic design of nuclear reactor. Freon CHF test results showed that parametric trends agreed with those of existing CHF data. To predict CHF of 4×4 rod bundle, subchannel analysis code Modified COBRA-3C and NFI-1 DNB correlation were applied. TDC value used in subchannel analysis was determined by fitting Freon mixing test data. NFI-1 DNB correlation was developed for predicting DNB heat flux in rod bundle configuration by using water CHF test results at HTRF test loop at Columbia University. The design of spacer grids used in KAERI Freon DNB test was similar to that used in water CHF test at HTRF. Water equivalent flow condition of this R-134A test was estimated using fluid-to-fluid similarities. NFI-1 DNB correlation was applied to this water equivalent condition to estimate water equivalent DNB heat flux. Then R-134A equivalent DNB heat flux was estimated reversely, and compared to Freon DNB test result. The test results were predicted well and applicability of NFI-1 DNB correlation and fluid-to-fluid similarities in 4×4 rod bundle is discussed.
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Caminati, Walther, Emilio Cocinero, Alberto Lesarri, Montserrat Vallejo-López, Lorenzo Spada, Gang Feng, Luca Evangelisti, and Qian Gou. "NON COVALENT INTERACTIONS AND INTERNAL DYNAMICS IN ADDUCTS OF FREONS." In 69th International Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15278/isms.2014.rj16.

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7

Kuznetsov, V. V., and A. S. Shamirzaev. "Boiling Heat Transfer for Freon R21 in Rectangular Minichannel." In ASME 4th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2006-96096.

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In this paper we study the boiling heat transfer of upward flow of R21 in a vertical mini-channel with size 1.6×6.3 mm. The heat transfer coefficient was measured as a function of heat flux for a wide range of vapor quality and for two levels of mass flow rate, G = 215 kg/m2s and G = 50 kg/m2s. The temperature dispersions over channel perimeter and in time were calculated. Different heat transfer mechanisms were revealed for different flow patterns. We distinguish the dominant nucleation boiling and the joint mode of nucleation boiling and convective evaporation. We also found the modes when the evaporation of thin liquid films makes the main contribution to heat transfer. The modified model of Liu and Winterton describes the experimental data for the flow patterns when the nucleation boiling and convective transfer make the most contribution to the heat transfer.
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Joh, S., S. H. Schwartz, and G. O'Shaughnessy. "POOL BOILING FROM A ROTATING SPHERE IN FREON 113." In International Heat Transfer Conference 9. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihtc9.60.

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Zhilyakova, Elena, Oleg Novikov, Dmitriy Pisarev, Nikolay Boyko, and Konstantin Nikitin. "Prospects of Using Freons as Extractants of Curcuma Longa L. Root Essential Oil." In Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium Innovations in Life Sciences (ISILS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/isils-19.2019.89.

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10

Benguigui, William, Enrico Deri, Jerome Lavieville, Stephane Mimouni, and Elisabeth Longatte. "Numerical Experiment on Two-Phase Flow Behaviors in Tube Bundle Geometry for Different Mixtures." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65349.

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Since steam generators are used, many experiments have been performed to understand the different phenomena appearing in them. One of the main issues to reproduce a similar flow on a reduced-scale experiment is the choice of the two-phase mixture. Air/water and boiling freon are among the most used two-phase flow mixtures. In the present document, a finite-volume CFD code dedicated to multi-phase flows based on a two-fluid approach (extended to n) is used to compare two mixtures numerically. Thanks to two experiments, an air/water horizontal channel and a freon/freon inclined tube bundle, a first part highlights the validity of the two-phase flow modeling. Then, based on inlet superficial velocities from both experiments, a numerical experiment is performed by using each mixture on the other experiment. Void fraction profiles and two-phase flow regimes are compared in order to exhibit the behaviors of both mixtures in a steam generator like tube bundle. Results turn out to provide useful information (void fraction profiles mainly) about mixture properties, and near-wall loads in the vicinity of cylinders are investigated.
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Reports on the topic "Freoner"

1

Bucsh, Robert O. Freon Recovery from Nitrogen Tetroxide and Freon Solutions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada268972.

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2

Salaymeh, S. R. HEU Holdup Measurements in 321-M Freon Cart. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/766283.

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Salaymeh, S. R. HEU Holdup Measurements in 321-M Freon Cart. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1029969.

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Ekechukwu, A. A., and S. F. Peterson. Reclamation and reuse of freon in total petroleum hydrocarbon analyses. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/385349.

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5

Monroe, Deirdre Christina. 1E30 Cup Cleaning: PETN Compatibility and Freon Substitution by Brulin 815GD. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1095219.

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6

Holcomb, H. P. Dried plutonium nitrate decontamination using HNO{sub 3} or Freon 113. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/665990.

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Symolon, P. D., W. E. Moore, and D. F. Wolf. Critical heat flux experiments in a heated rod bundle with upward crossflow of Freon 114. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/319773.

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Kamboj, Sunita, and Charley Yu. Independent Review of Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant Freon Release Authorized Limits and Evaluation of Corresponding Radiological Doses. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1635380.

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9

Isakson, K., and A. L. Vessell. An assessment of alternatives for replacing Freon 113 in bench type electrical circuit board cleaning at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10170238.

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10

Worker dies while cleaning freon 113 degreasing tank in Virginia, November 21, 1986. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, December 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshface8717.

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