Journal articles: 'Freshwater fish diseases'

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Haenen, O. L. M. "Diseases of freshwater fish." Veterinary Quarterly 18, sup3 (October 1996): 132–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01652176.1996.9694714.

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Patel, Ajay. "Fungal Diseases of Fish: A Review." Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research 3, no. 3 (2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000164.

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Now a day, fishes are used for biomedical researches along with use as a food also. Chemical contaminants of marine environments are of momentous concern. Similar to other flora and fauna, fish can also be ill with various types of diseases. Freshwater fishes are an important protein source for people of many countries. Fish farming in various parts of the world has increased many folds in the last decade. Bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia, lernaeasis, saprolegniasis and anoxia are the most frequently occurring fish diseases in pond fishes. Fungal infections are among the most general diseases seen in temperate fish. Water moulds infections cause losses of freshwater fishes and their eggs in both natural and commercial fish farms. Although, infection as a result of microbial contamination does not frequently result in disease but ecological stress may upset the balance between the probable pathogens and their hosts. Prevention is, as always, the best medicine. Most infe ctions can be successfully treated if caught early.

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Walczak, Natalia, Krzysztof Puk, and Leszek Guz. "Bacterial flora associated with diseased freshwater ornamental fish." Journal of Veterinary Research 61, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jvetres-2017-0070.

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AbstractIntroduction:Ornamental fish can suffer from different bacterial diseases. Among them the most prevalent are infections caused byAeromonas, Shewanella, Citrobacter, Plesiomonas, Edwardsiella, andPseudomonas.But there is a broad spectrum of rarely identified bacteria which may be causative agents of diseases. The aim of the study was to determine the species of bacteria pathogenic for fish which are prevalent in aquariums.Material and Methods:Bacteria were isolated from infected ornamental fish from pet shops and private aquariums in the Lublin region in 2015 and classified to species using MALDI-TOF MS.Results:A total of 182 isolates from ornamental fish were identified. The most frequent bacteria found in diseased fish wereAeromonas veronii(30.8% of total number of strains),A. hydrophila(18.7%),Shewanella putrefaciens(7.1%),Citrobacter freundii(7.1%),Pseudomonas spp. (7.1%),Shewanella baltica(4.9%), andPlesiomonas shigelloides(3.3%).Conclusion:Isolated bacterial species are facultative pathogens for fish and humans and may be isolated from fish without apparent symptoms of the disease.

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Padrós, Francesc, and Maria Constenla. "Diseases Caused by Amoebae in Fish: An Overview." Animals 11, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11040991.

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Parasitic and amphizoic amoebae are ubiquitous and can affect a huge variety of hosts, from invertebrates to humans, and fish are not an exception. Most of the relationships between amoebae and fish are based on four different types: ectocommensals, ectoparasites, endocommensals and endoparasites, although the lines between them are not always clear. As ectocommensals, they are located specially on the gills and particularly the amphizoic Neoparamoeba perurans is the most relevant species, being a real pathogenic parasite in farmed salmon. It causes amoebic gill disease, which causes a progressive hyperplasia of epithelial cells in the gill filaments and lamellae. Nodular gill disease is its analogue in freshwater fish but the causative agent is still not clear, although several amoebae have been identified associated to the lesions. Other species have been described in different fish species, affecting not only gills but also other organs, even internal ones. In some cases, species of the genera Naegleria or Acanthamoeba, which also contain pathogenic species affecting humans, are usually described affecting freshwater fish species. As endocommensals, Entamoebae species have been described in the digestive tract of freshwater and marine fish species, but Endolimax nana can reach other organs and cause systemic infections in farmed Solea senegalensis. Other systemic infections caused by amoebae are usually described in wild fish, although in most cases these are isolated cases without clinical signs or significance.

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Hossain, MK, KT Islam, MD Hossain, and MH Rahman. "Environmental Impact Assessment of Fish Diseases on Fish Production." Journal of Science Foundation 9, no. 1-2 (April 18, 2013): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v9i1-2.14655.

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The present research work was conducted from July 2008 to June 2009 to investigate intensity of infestation of parasites in freshwater fishes and the impact of fish diseases on fish production in northern region of Bangladesh. Possibility of out break of diseases due to deterioration of environmental factors of water bodies was included in this study. The diseases identified were ulcer diseases, EUS (Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome), Ichthyophthiriasis, Trichodiniasis, Chilodoneliasis, Myxoboliasis, Dactylogyrosis, Gyrodactylosis, Argulosis, Pernicious anaemia, Red spot disease, Red Pest of freshwater eel, Mouth fungus, Branchiomysis, Abdominal dropsy and whirling disease. The infestation more occurred in young fishes than in adult fishes. The overall water qualities of water bodies fluctuated from July 2008 to June 2009. Physicochemical parameters have more or less significant combined effect on the deterioration of water quality as well as fish diseases. Gills were the most affected sites and parasites damaged gill filaments by rupturing blood capillaries, causing necrosis, coagulation and hemorrhage. The present study revealed the prevalence of different organisms in fishes, which are potential pathogen for them. Fishes were infested by parasites and other pathogens. From overall study it was observed that the parasites, bacteria and fungus were most important pathogen for outbreak of diseases. It was also observed that there was a direct relation between disease outbreak among fishes and environmental factors. Low alkalinity reduces the buffer capacity of water and badly affects the pond ecosystem, which in turn cause stress to the fish and become more susceptible to diseases. In case of low aquatic environmental temperature fish reduces metabolic activities, which in turn makes the fish more susceptible during the winter period towards parasitic infection. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v9i1-2.14655 J. Sci. Foundation, 9(1&2): 125-131, June-December 2011

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Kanchan, Chutharat, Puttachat Imjai, Nukoon Kanchan, Aonanong Chaiyara, and Kwanprasert Panchai. "Occurrence of parasitic and bacterial diseases in Thai freshwater fish." Journal of Agricultural and Crop Research 8, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33495/jacr_v8i10.20.168.

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The present study was aimed to investigate the occurrence of parasitic and bacterial diseases in some freshwater fish in NongBo reservoir, Maha Sarakham Province. The sampling was randomly collect from three sites by gillnets, bag nets and cast nets from the local fisherman during October 2015 to September 2016. A total of eight freshwater fish species were identified namely Oreochromis niloticus, Hampala dispar, Pristolepis fasciata, Trichopodus pectoralis, Anabas testudineus, Oxyeleotris marmorata, Channa striata and Clarias batrachus. The parasitic diseases found on the sampled fish specied were external parasites such as Trichodina sp., Dactylogyrus sp. and Digenea gen.sp. The bacterial diseases identified were Aeromonas hydrophila, Acinetobacter baumannii, Plesiomonas shigelloides, Serratia odorifera and Staphylococcus epidermis. The dominant species of bacterium was Aeromonas hydrophila. This study revealed that the natural fish stock could be risk from the fish pathogens both parasites and bacteria. Keywords: Reservoir, external parasite, fish pathogens.

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Bucke, D., Leonid Popov, and Lars E. Holmer. "Monitoring for Diseases in Marine and Freshwater Fish, 1991." Journal of Animal Ecology 64, no. 2 (March 1995): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/5773.

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Rahman, Md Shahinur, Subrata Mondal, and Amir Hossain. "Agrochemicals used in freshwater aquaculture in Jhenaidah district, Bangladesh." Asian-Australasian Journal of Food Safety and Security 3, no. 2 (November 30, 2019): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/aajfss.v3i2.55931.

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The present experiment was conducted in order to investigate the use of agrochemicals in freshwater aquaculture with emphasis on fish health management. The selected area was Mahespur upazila under Jhenaidah district and the study duration was six months. The main group was fifty fish farmers and the data were collected through interview with fish farmers and key informants (chemical seller). Ten categories of chemicals were identified that are used by fish farmers for various purposes such as pond preparation, water quality management, controlling diseases, supplying oxygen, killing fish predators, Ten pharmaceutical companies were found to provide the agrochemicals to fulfill the farmers need. These companies are Novartis Anmal Health Ltd, Fishtech (BD) Ltd, SK+F BD Ltd, Renata Ltd, ACI Animal Health, Opsonin Pharma Ltd, Eon Animal Health Products Ltd, Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Sciencetech Agro Industries Ltd, Rals. In the study area some kinds of diseases were founded such as Epizotic Ulcerative Syndrome (EUS) in Rohu (Labeo rohita), Catla (Catla catla), Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), Black spot in Stinging cat fish, skin diseases, gill damage, tail and fin rot in Yellow tail catfish (Pangasius pangasius). For highest stocking density tilapia and pangus were mostly affected by diseases in winter. Farmers use various chemicals such as for water quality management agriculture lime, Geotox, JV Zeolite, Mega Zeo Bio, Aquakleen and Biomin, as antibiotic they use Novamix 101, Erocot, Captor, Oxysentin 20%, Renamycin, Aquamycin and Oxysentin 20% are antibiotics with different trade names were seen in the market as well as used by the fish farmers in the study area. The fish farmers use a wide variety of disinfectants in freshwater aquaculture. Timsen, Polgard plus, Formalin, Bleaching powder, EDTA are found available in all the shops of Mahespur. Formalin is used to control protozoan diseases. Virex is used to destroy virus and bacteria. Fish farmers use oxygen suppliers to increase the oxygen level in the water body. Oxidizing agent, hydrogen peroxide are major active ingredients of such chemical. The recovery of fish diseases was found 80-90% in the study area. During field observation many problems were identified in case of using agrochemicals which included lack of skill and knowledge of farmers about the application, withdrawal period of agrochemicals and drugs and some adverse effects on fish and human health. Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2019, 3(2), 63-76

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Molnár, Kálmán. "Solving parasite-related problems in cultured freshwater fish." International Journal for Parasitology 17, no. 2 (February 1987): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(87)90106-8.

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Cardoso, Pedro Henrique Magalhães, Andrea Micke Moreno, Luisa Zanolli Moreno, Carolina Helena De Oliveira, Francisco De Assis Baroni, Samara Rita de Lucca Maganha, Ricardo Luis Moro De Souza, and Simone De Carvalho Balian. "Infectious diseases in aquarium ornamental pet fish." Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science 56, no. 2 (August 5, 2019): e151697. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2019.151697.

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Aquarium ornamental pet fish constitute a major segment in the pet industry, with the United States, Europe, and Japan dominating the market. There are approximately 1,500 marine fish species and over 4,500 freshwater fish species commercialized as aquarium ornamental pet fish. Fish are the fourth most common pet present in Brazilian homes. In Brazil, aquarium ornamental pet fish can be marketed and distributed from different parts of the Brazilian territory and the world. Commercialization and circulation of living animals without the use of adequate prophylactic management procedures enables dissemination of a number of agents responsible for infectious diseases. Aquarium pet fish can also carry pathogenic agents, of bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic etiology, that may have a zoonotic feature endangering the persons handling the animals. This review presents the main pathogenic infectious agents of bacterial, viral, andfungal etiology that affect aquarium pet fish, as well as the prevention and control measures to ensure sanitary excellence in this segment.

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Raisa, DONCHEVSKA, and SYDORENKO Olena. "CONSUMER VALUE OF FRESHWATER FISH JELLIES." INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC-PRACTICAL JOURNAL "COMMODITIES AND MARKETS" 36, no. 4 (December 10, 2020): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31617/tr.knute.2020(36)12.

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Background. In order to form a balanced diet that ensures harmonious development of human, prevention of various diseases, especially in conditions of coronavirus infection COVID-19 the recipes for jellied products based on freshwater fish with the addition of plant additives (cranberries, parsley roots, carrots, beets, fresh green and onions, spicy-flavored vegetables (green dill, parsley) and seaweedweredeveloped. The aim of the work is to study the consumer value of jellied fish products with herbal supplements. Materials and methods. The object of research is freshwater fish jellies with the addition of plant additives and seaweed. Jellied fish without vegetable additives was selected as a control sample. The content of moisture, ash, fat, protein, amino acid composition of proteins, fatty acid composition of lipids, mineral composition; the content of vitamins (thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, carotenoids, tocopherols) was studied by conventional methods. Repeatability of experiments –five times, the relative error did not exceed 5 %. Results. Studies of the chemical composition show that the control sample, in contrast to the studied ones, contains more fat and protein, which is explained by the lack of vegetable raw materials according to the recipe. However, the addition of vegetable raw materials to the latter increases the mineral content by 15–31 %. The content of essential amino acids in the control is 45 % of the total content, and in the test samples – 46 %. The dominant amino acid in the samples is lysine, and the limited ones are valine and isoleucine. The utilitarian coefficient of the amino acid composition of the studied samples (0.61–0.63) indicates a high balance of amino acids relative to the standard. The low coefficient of redundancy (0.21–0.23) and the high coefficient of utilitarianism indicate the maximum degree of assimilation of proteins of jellied fish products by the human body. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the filling products was 26 %. The ratio of PUFA: SFA, C18:2: C18:1 and C18:2: C18:3 is established as rational in jellied fish. The value of the absorption coefficient for the studied samples of jellied products with beets, onions and control is 0.80, and carrots and cranberries – 0.79. The content of thiamine in jellied fish with carrots, onions, beets is 2 times higher than in the control, the content of niacin – 1.2 times, vitamin E – 1.7–1.2 times. The highest content of carotenoids is found in jellied fish with carrots and onions. An increase in the level of Potassium, Calcium, Bromine, Iodine, Iron, Selenium in the experimental filling products compared with the control was determined: Potassium by 45 %,Selenium 5.5–8.0 times, Manganese 1.6 times. Conclusion. The enrichment of fish products with plant components contributes to the expansion of the range of products of high nutritional and biological value with a high degree of satisfaction of the physiological needs of the human body with biologically active substances. Accordingly, the consumption of jellied fish products allows to improve the functional state of the most important systems of the human body, prevention of food-dependent diseases, various forms of immunodeficiency, especially in conditions of coronavirus infection COVID-19.

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Putri Desi Wulan Sari, Kismiyati,. "Variasi Morfologi Holdfast Lernaea Yang Menyerang Ikan Gurami Di Jawa Timur [Morphological Variation Of Lernaea Holdfast Infest Gouramy In East Java]." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 6, no. 1 (January 19, 2019): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v6i1.11390.

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Abstract Lernaeosis is one of the parasitic diseases in freshwater fish caused by Lernaea cyprinacea. These parasites infest many freshwater fish. Identification of parasites carried by observing the morphology of holdfast as an attachment organ. This study aims to make observations on the variation of morphology of Lernaea holdfast's in East Java and the identification of Lernaea infest gouramy in East Java.

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., M. A. R. Faruk, M. M. R. Sarker ., M. J. Alam ., and M. B. Kabir . "Economic Loss from Fish Diseases on Rural Freshwater Aquaculture of Bangladesh." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 7, no. 12 (November 15, 2004): 2086–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2004.2086.2091.

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Poulin, Robert. "Greater diversification of freshwater than marine parasites of fish." International Journal for Parasitology 46, no. 4 (April 2016): 275–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2015.12.002.

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Rud, Yu, O. Zaloilo, L. Buchatsky, and I. Hrytsyniak. "The impact of climate change on fish infectious diseases (a review)." Ribogospodarsʹka nauka Ukraïni., no. 4(54) (December 28, 2020): 78–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fsu2020.04.078.

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Purpose. As the climate change impacts freshwater and marine ecosystems, and rising ocean temperatures and acidification continue to this moment, our aim was to analyze the literature and summarize information on the development of fish infectious diseases in the light of global warming. Findings. Even a slight increase in temperature affects the life cycle, physiology, behavior, distribution and structure of populations of aquatic bioresources, especially fish. Recent studies show that some infectious diseases of fish spread much faster with increasing temperature. Climate change contributes to pathogens spread in both marine and freshwater areas. In particular, rising water temperatures can expand the range of diseases. Aquatic bioresources have high cumulative mortality from infectious diseases, and pathogens are rapidly progressing, and these phenomena may be powered by climate change, leading to the geographical spread of virulent pathogens to fisheries and aquaculture facilities, threatening much of global production and food security. The article presents data on the impact of climate change and global warming on aquaculture and fisheries. The list of the main pathogens of fish of various etiology in Ukraine, including viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases is presented. The impact of infectious agents on modern aquaculture is described and the main ideas about the possible long-term consequences of climate change for fish farms are given. Practical Value. The review may be useful for specialists in veterinary medicine, epizootology and ichthyopathology. Key words: climate change, infectious diseases of fish, pathogenesis.

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Andersen, K. I., and E. T. Valtonen. "On the infracommunity structure of adult cestodes in freshwater fishes." Parasitology 101, no. 2 (October 1990): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000063319.

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The distribution–co-occurrence and exchange of adult cestode species in two fish communities (the Bothnian Bay and Lake Yli-Kitka both in Finland) was studied. Coexistence of two or more mature cestode species in the same fish host population was zero for all fish species studied (33) except pike in the Bothnian Bay and whitefish in the lake. It was found that 60% of the fish species studied in the Bothnian Bay and 80% of the fish species studied from Lake Yli-Kitka harboured only 1 mature cestode species. Exchange of adult cestode species between the different fish species in these two fish communities was found to be as rare as coexistence. The infra-community structure of adult cestodes in freshwater fish thus turned out to be markedly different from what is known to be the situation in birds. The evolutionary explanation behind the differences is discussed.

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Dai, Fuhong, Sung-Jong Hong, Jhang Ho Pak, Thanh Hoa Le, Seung-Ho Choi, Byoung-Kuk Na, and Woon-Mok Sohn. "High Prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis and Other Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from a Local Market in Yen Bai Province, Northern Vietnam." Korean Journal of Parasitology 58, no. 3 (June 26, 2020): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.3.333.

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A small survey was performed to investigate the recent infection status of Clonorchis sinensis and other zoonotic trematode metacercariae in freshwater fish from a local market of Yen Bai city, Yen Bai province, northern Vietnam. A total of 118 fish in 7 species were examined by the artificial digestion method on March 2016. The metacercariae of 4 species of zoonotic trematodes, i.e., C. sinensis, Haplorchis pumilio, Haplorchis taichui, and Centrocestus formosanus, were detected. The metacercariae of C. sinensis were found in 62 (69.7%) out of 89 fish (5 species), and their intensity of infection was very high, 81.2 per fish infected. Prevalences of 3 intestinal flukes, H. pumilio, H. taichui and C. formosanus, were 75.0%, 47.6%, and 31.7% in positive fish species, respectively, with the metacercarial intensities of 15.5, 10.3, and 2.2 per fish infected. From the above results, it has been confirmed that various species of freshwater fish continue to play the role of the infection source of C. sinensis and other zoonotic trematodes in Yen Bai city, Yen Bai province, northern Vietnam. It is of particular note that the prevalence and intensity of C. sinensis metacercariae are much higher than those reported in previous studies in fish in northern Vietnam.

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GIBSON, W. C., J. LOM, H. PECKOVÁ, V. R. FERRIS, and P. B. HAMILTON. "Phylogenetic analysis of freshwater fish trypanosomes from Europe using ssu rRNA gene sequences and random amplification of polymorphic DNA." Parasitology 130, no. 4 (December 14, 2004): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182004006778.

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The taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of fish trypanosomes are uncertain. A collection of 22 cloned trypanosome isolates from 14 species of European freshwater fish and 1 species of African freshwater fish were examined by molecular phylogenetic analysis. The small subunit ribosomal RNA (ssu rRNA) genes of 8 clones were sequenced and compared with ssu rRNA gene sequences from a wider selection of vertebrate trypanosome isolates by phylogenetic analysis. All trypanosomes from freshwater fish fell in a single clade, subdivided into 3 groups. This clade sits within a larger, robust clade containing trypanosomes from marine fish and various amphibious vertebrates. All 22 trypanosome clones were analysed by random amplification of polymorphic DNA. The resulting dendrogram shows 3 groups, which are congruent with the groups identified in the ssu rRNA gene phylogeny. Two of the groups contain the majority of trypanosome isolates and within-group variation is slight. These groups do not separate purported trypanosome species distinguished by morphology or host origin, and thus these criteria do not appear to be reliable guides to genetic relationships among fish trypanosomes. However, we suggest that the 2 groups themselves may represent different species of fish trypanosomes. The polymorphic DNA markers we have identified will facilitate future comparisons of the biology of these 2 groups of fish trypanosomes.

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Klūga, Alīna, Margarita Terentjeva, Nenad L. Vukovic, and Miroslava Kačániová. "Antimicrobial Activity and Chemical Composition of Essential Oils against Pathogenic Microorganisms of Freshwater Fish." Plants 10, no. 7 (June 22, 2021): 1265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071265.

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Antimicrobials are widely applied in aquaculture for treatment of infectious diseases in fish. The increased antimicrobial resistance of fish pathogens to conventional antimicrobial treatment highlights the need for research on the antibacterial properties of natural products—in this case, essential oils (EOs). The aim of the present study was to detect the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils on pathogenic microorganisms found in freshwater fish. Freshwater fish isolates of Aerococcus spp., Aeromonas spp., Enterococcus spp., Escherichia spp., Pseudomonas spp., Shewanella spp., Yersinia spp., and Vagococcus spp. were tested for antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial activity against 14 commercially available essential oils. Antimicrobial resistance was identified in Pseudomonas spp. isolates against cefepime and ciprofloxacin; while all Aeromonas, Enterococcus, and Yersinia isolates were fully susceptible. All tested EOs revealed antimicrobial activity against the tested freshwater fish isolates at different extents. Cinnamomum camphora exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas spp. (3.12 μL/mL), Enterococcus spp. (0.78–1.56 μL/mL), and Pseudomonas spp. with the MIC method. EOs of Gaultheria procumbens and Litsea cubeba showed strong antibacterial activity against Yersinia spp. and Vacococcus spp. (6.25 μL/mL). The study shows the antimicrobial activity of EOs against the most relevant freshwater fish pathogens and indicates the application opportunities in aquaculture.

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Kristianingrum, Yuli Purwandari, Bambang Sutrisno, Sitarina Widyarini, and Kurniasih Sugiyono. "Disease incidence of freshwater fish in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia." BIO Web of Conferences 33 (2021): 06001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213306001.

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The potential of freshwater farming in the Special Region of Yogyakarta is very high. Infectious and non-infectious diseases can cause significant economic losses. The main problem of infectious disease is caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. This study was conducted to identify diseases that attack freshwater fish using data analysis on fish disease cases in the Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UGM in 2019. A total of 239 cases of fish diseases were examined by the Laboratory Diagnostic Co-assistance students in 2019 from the Special Region of Yogyakarta which includes Sleman district, Kulonprogo district, Yogyakarta City, Bantul district and Gunungkidul district. Based on data analysis, it showed that the highest fish sample was tilapia (52%), came from Sleman Regency (94%). The highest disease infection was caused by bacterial infections (54%) followed by parasite infections (35%). Macroscopic changes were observed in the liver (25%), skin (19%). and gills (26%). These changes included a yellow swollen liver, ulcer in the skin, fragile consistency and nodules in the surface of kidneys, attachment lamella and necrosis of gill lamellas. The parasite identification resulted in following parasite taxa/species Dactylogyrus., Trichodina sp., Gyrodactylus sp. and Ichtyopthirius sp. in the Parasitology Laboratory. The histopathological changes were identified using the the Hematoxillin & Eosin st aining technique, the organs showed dermatitis (18%), hepatitis (27%) and branchitis (23%). It can be concluded that in this research the highest cases of freshwater fish disease in Yogyakarta Special Region were caused by bacterial infections of tilapia from the Sleman district.

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Sohn, Woon-Mok, Byoung-Kuk Na, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Cheon-Hyeon Kim, Min-Ah Hwang, Kyeong-Woo No, and Jai-Dong Kim. "Survey of Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from Water Systems of Geum-gang (River) in Republic of Korea." Korean Journal of Parasitology 59, no. 1 (February 19, 2021): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.1.23.

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The infection status of zoonotic trematode metacercariae (ZTM) was surveyed in freshwater fishes from the water systems of Geum-gang (River) in the Republic of Korea (Korea). A total of 1,161 freshwater fishes from 6 local sites of Geum-gang were examined with the artificial digestion method for 4 years (2012-2015). Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae were detected in 122 (37.2%) out of 328 fishes in the positive fish species from 4 surveyed areas, and their mean intensity was 43 per fish infected. Metagonimus spp. metacercariae were found in 432 (51.7%) out of 835 fishes in the positive fish species from all 6 surveyed areas, and their mean intensity was 30 per fish infected. Centrocestus armatus metacercariae were detected in 285 (75.0%) out of 380 fishes in the positive fish species from 6 surveyed areas, and their mean intensity was 2,100 per fish infected. Echinostoma spp. metacercariae were found in 56 (19.7%) out of 284 fishes in the positive fish species from 5 surveyed areas, and their mean intensity was 10 per fish infected. Clinostomum complanatum metacercariae were detected in 98 (57.3%) out of 171 fishes in the positive fish species from only 2 surveyed areas, and their mean intensity was 11 per fish infected. Conclusively, the endemicity of ZTM is not so high in fishes from water systems of Geum-gang in Korea although it is more or less different by fish species, surveyed areas and ZTM species.

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Aalberg, K., L. Koščová, Ľ. Šmiga, P. Košuth, J. Koščo, M. Oros, D. Barčák, and P. Lazar. "A Study of Fish Lice (Argulus Sp.) Infection in Freshwater Food Fish." Folia Veterinaria 60, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fv-2016-0030.

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Abstract Argulus sp., commonly referred to as fish lice, are crustacean ectoparasites of fishes. The hematophagous parasites attach to and feed off the integument of their hosts. Outbreaks of epizootics have been reported worldwide, causing mass mortalities and having serious economic implications for fish farms and culture efforts. Argulus fish lice may also serve as vectors of infectious diseases and as intermediate hosts of other parasites. Two native European species, A. foliaceus and A. coregoni, as well as the invasive Japanese fish louse A. japonicus, have previously been recorded in Slovakia. This study investigated samples collected at fish farms and culture sites of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), Pike-perch (Sander lucioperca L.) and Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis M.) in Eastern Slovakia, as well as samples collected from live fish imported to the Slovak Republic. A quantitative description of the of Argulus sp. was recorded from each locality. Samples from Common carp were identified as the invasive A. japonicus, and samples from Pike-perch and Brook trout were identified as A. foliaceus. Evidence of a mixed infection of Pike-perch with both A. foliaceus and A. japonicus was found in samples from Zemplínska Šírava, which was substantiated by electron microscopic examination. Morphometric characteristics were measured and averages and ranges produced for each species and sex.

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Salgado-Maldonado, Guillermo, Juan Manuel Caspeta-Mandujano, František Moravec, Eduardo Soto-Galera, Rocío Rodiles-Hernández, Guillermina Cabañas-Carranza, and Jesús Montoya-Mendoza. "Helminth parasites of freshwater fish in Chiapas, Mexico." Parasitology Research 108, no. 1 (October 28, 2010): 31–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-010-2035-3.

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Kadlec, Dušan, Andrea Šimková, Jiří Jarkovský, and Milan Gelnar. "Parasite communities of freshwater fish under flood conditions." Parasitology Research 89, no. 4 (March 2003): 272–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-002-0740-2.

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25

OGAWA, K. "Diseases of cultured marine fishes caused by Platyhelminthes (Monogenea, Digenea, Cestoda)." Parasitology 142, no. 1 (July 7, 2014): 178–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182014000808.

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SUMMARYMariculture is a rapidly developing industrial sector. Generally, fish are maintained in net cages with high density. Cage culture systems allow uncontrolled flow of sea water containing potentially infectious stages of fish parasites. In such culture conditions, prevention of such parasitic infections is difficult for parasites with life cycles that complete within culture sites, among which monogeneans and blood flukes are the most important platyhelminthes. Intense monogenean infections induce respiratory and osmo-regulatory dysfunctions. A variety of control measures have been developed, including freshwater bath treatment and chemotherapy. The potential to control monogenean infections through selective breeding, modified culture techniques to avoid infection, and general fish health management are discussed. It should be noted that mariculture conditions have provided some host-specific monogeneans with a chance to expand their host ranges. Blood flukes sometimes induce mass mortality among farmed fish. In-feed administration of praziquantel is the best solution to treat infected fish. Some cases are described that show how international trade in marine fish has resulted in the spread of hitherto unknown parasites into indigenous farmed and wild fish.

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JOBLING, S., and C. R. TYLER. "Endocrine disruption, parasites and pollutants in wild freshwater fish." Parasitology 126, no. 7 (March 2003): S103—S107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182003003652.

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Disruption of the endocrine system has been shown to occur in wild freshwater fish populations across the globe. Effects range from subtle changes in the physiology and sexual behaviour of fish to permanently altered sexual differentiation, impairment of gonad development and/or altered fertility. A wide variety of adverse environmental conditions may induce endocrine disruption, including sub-optimal temperatures, restricted food supply, low pH, environmental pollutants, and/or parasites. Furthermore, it is conceivable that any/all of these factors could act simultaneously to cause a range of disparate or inter-related effects. Some of the strongest evidence for a link between an adverse health effect, as a consequence of endocrine disruption, and a causative agent(s) is between the condition of intersex in wild roach (Rutlius rutilus) in UK rivers and exposure to effluents from sewage treatment works. The evidence to indicate that intersex in roach (and other cyprinid fish living in these rivers) is caused by chemicals that mimic and/or disrupt hormone function/balance in treated sewage effluent is substantial. There are a few parasites that affect the endocrine system directly in fish, including the tape worm Ligula intestinalis and a few parasites from the micropsora phylum. L. intestinalis acts at the level of the hypothalamus restricting GnRH secretion (resulting in poorly developed gonads) and is one of the very few examples where an endocrine disrupting event has been shown to result in a population-level effect (reducing it). It is well established that many parasites affect the immune system and thus the most common effect of parasites on the endocrine system in fish is likely to be an indirect one.

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Aftabuddin, Sheikh, M. Nurul Islam, Mohammad Abdul Baten Bhuyain, M. Abdul Mannan, and M. Mahbub Alam. "Fish diseases and strategies taken by the farmers in freshwater aquaculture at southwestern Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 44, no. 1 (November 16, 2016): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v44i1.30181.

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To understand the present status of fish diseases and their remedial measures taken by the fish farmers, a questionnaire survey and Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools including Focus Group Discussion (FGD) were conducted in seven districts of Bangladesh. In total 196 farmers were interviewed and nine FGD sessions were conducted. Disease occurs immediately after stocking (24%) and during the rainy season (21%) followed by cold season (19%). Mortality, abnormal swimming and feeding behavior, unusual appearance, some localized lesions and reduced growth are the main clue to recognize the fish disease. The most frequently observed diseases were epizootic ulcerative syndromes (18.72%) followed by tail and fin rot (13.19%), red spot (11.49%), gill rot (9.36%), parasitic disease (8.93%), broken prawn antennae (7.23%), and other environmental and nutritional diseases. To cure these diseases, farmers applied the following treatments: lime and potash, liming, lime and salt, lime alone, salt and potash, antibiotics, various chemicals, high doses of vitamin C, complete water exchange, and transport to another pond. This study showed that diseases can play important roles in freshwater aquaculture, but this role is often not recognized due to a lack of knowledge and veterinary backstopping services.Bangladesh J. Zool. 44(1): 111-122, 2016

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Leme, Fabio Caetano Oliveira, Marcos Mendes de Barros Negreiros, Fernando Akira Koga, Sandra de Moraes Gimenes Bosco, Eduardo Bagagli, and Vidal Haddad Junior. "Evaluation of pathogenic fungi occurrence in traumatogenic structures of freshwater fish." Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 44, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86822011005000007.

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INTRODUCTION: Fungal infections in human skin, such as sporotrichosis, can occur after fish induced trauma. This work aimed to identify fungi in freshwater fish that are pathogenic to humans. METHODS: Extraction of dental arches from Serrassalmus maculatus (piranha) and Hoplias malabaricus (wolf fish), stings from Pimelodus maculatus (mandis catfish), dorsal fin rays from Plagioscion spp. (corvina) and Tilapia spp., for culture in Mycosel agar. Some cultures were submitted to DNA extraction for molecular identification by sequencing ITS-5.8S rDNA. RESULTS: Cultures identified most yeast as Candida spp., while sequencing also permitted the identification of Phoma spp. and Yarrowia lipolytica. CONCLUSIONS: While the search for S. schenckii was negative, the presence of fungus of the genera Phoma and Candida revealed the pathogenic potential of this infection route. The genus Phoma is involved in certain forms of phaeohyphomycosis, a subcutaneous mycosis caused by dematiaceous fungi, with reports of infections in human organs and systems. Traumatizing structures of some freshwater fish present pathogenic fungi and this may be an important infection route that must be considered in some regions of Brazil, since there are a large number of a fisherman in constant contact with traumatogenic fish.

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29

Eiras, J. C., G. C. Pavanelli, R. M. Takemoto, and Y. Nawa. "Fish-borne nematodiases in South America: neglected emerging diseases." Journal of Helminthology 92, no. 6 (October 25, 2017): 649–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x17001006.

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AbstractFish-borne zoonotic nematodes may infect humans when fish or squid are ingested raw or inadequately cooked. Human infections may have serious consequences, including the unexpected deaths of infected people. This kind of disease is poorly known in general, and the characteristics of such infections in South American countries as a whole have never been assessed. In this paper the present status of fish-borne nematodiases in humans in South American countries is characterized. Potentially zoonotic nematode species are very common in both freshwater and marine fish in South America. Reports of human infections have only been found in some countries, and their incidence (especially with anisakids andGnathostomaspp.) varies from country to country. Apparently they are more abundant in countries with strong traditions of eating raw fish, and are more frequent on the western coast of South America. So far fish-borne nematodes have been reported in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. In recent years, cases of human infection have appeared in probably underestimated numbers. People need to be clearly informed about risky feeding habits, and physicians need to learn more about zoonotic diseases.

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Rim, H. J., K. H. Kim, and K. H. Joo. "Classification and host specificity of Metagonimus spp. from Korean freshwater fish." Korean Journal of Parasitology 34, no. 1 (1996): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1996.34.1.7.

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31

Matvienko, N., A. Vashchenko, I. Tsiganok, and L. Buchatsky. "Results of Surveillance Studies of Infectious Fish Diseases in Freshwater Aquaculture of Ukraine." Agricultural Science and Practice 2, no. 2 (July 15, 2015): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/agrisp2.02.032.

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Aim. To investigate the epizootic state of fi sheries in Ukraine; to study the biological specifi cities of viral and bacterial isolates of fi sh in freshwater aquaculture. Methods. The epizootic state of fi sheries was defi ned ac- cording to the surveillance plan for fi sheries, virological (biosampling of sensitive fi sh species, virus isolation on sensitive passaged cell cultures), serological (enzyme immunoassay, virus neutralization test using sensitive passaged cell cultures) and molecular-biological (reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction − RTPCR) methods of investigation were used. The pathogenicity of the isolated bacteria was studied in the biosample. The identifi cation was performed using Bergey’s Manual. The express-identifi cation of bacteria was performed using the standardized test-system API 20E Bio Merieux (France). Results. The IPNV isolates of rainbow trout were fi rst isolated in the fi sheries of different forms of ownership in the western regions of Ukraine (Volyn, L’viv, Transcarpathian, Chernivtsi regions). It was demonstrated that different age groups of carp are infested with the virus in the fi sheries of L’viv, Donetsk, Chernihiv, Kyiv, and Odesa regions which testifi es to a wide spread of the virus in Ukraine. Out of fi sh infectious diseases the red spot-like disease and the swim bladder infl ammation of carp, the diseases of young trout and sturgeon were detected in the investigated fi sheries of Ukraine. Conclusions. The epizootic data were used to estimate the condition of the fi sheries in Ukraine in terms of fi sh infectious diseases. An infectious pancreatic necrosis virus, new for Ukraine, was revealed. It was found to affect rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss , Walbaum, 1792) and the spread of SVCV in carp fi sheries was demonstrated. As for bacterial fi sh diseases, the decrease in the epizootic situation was described along with considerable extension of the range of species of bacterial pathogens of fi sh. Annual systematic monitoring and measures of preventing the introduction of the agents of infectious diseases are the guarantee of protection of the specialized fi sheries of Ukraine.

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32

Gado, Mohamed S. M., Nadia B. Mahfouz, Mohamed T. Shehab El-Din, and Hend A. M. El-Saftawy. "PREVALENCE OF ECTOCILIATE DISEASES IN CULTURED FRESHWATER FISH AT KAFR EL-SHEIKH GOVERNORATE." Kafrelsheikh Veterinary Medical Journal 13, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 103–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/kvmj.2015.109767.

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33

Ueda, Bruno H., Letícia C. Karling, Ricardo M. Takemoto, and Gilberto C. Pavanelli. "Parasites of the freshwater fish trade in Brazil: science metric study." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33, no. 7 (July 2013): 851–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2013000700004.

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This paper presents a science metric study of parasites of fish farming in Brazil, including a significant review of the literature. The methodology used was based on researching articles in three different databases, carried out on May 2012: ISI (Institute for Scientific Information), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), and Google Academic. The number of articles on fish parasites is mounting (currently over 110), having much increased since 1995. However, the quantity is still low compared with the amount of papers on parasites of fish from natural environments. In Brazil, the farmed fish that have been studied the most are pacu, tilapia and tambaqui. Monogeneans represent the most prevalent group, followed by protozoa and crustaceans. The regions most researched were the southeast and south, making up 84% of the total literature. The main issue addressed in articles was pathology, followed by treatment and record. In conclusion, the treatment of parasitic diseases of farmed fish in Brazil is still incipient, highlighting the importance and usefulness of management practices to prevent the occurrence of health problems.

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34

Kim, Eun-Min, Jae-Lip Kim, Sung Yil Choi, Jae-Whan Kim, Siwon Kim, Min-Ho Choi, Young Mee Bae, Soon-Hyung Lee, and Sung-Tae Hong. "Infection Status of Freshwater Fish with Metacercariae of Clonorchis sinensis in Korea." Korean Journal of Parasitology 46, no. 4 (2008): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2008.46.4.247.

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35

VIDAL-MARTÍNEZ, V. M., and R. POULIN. "Spatial and temporal repeatability in parasite community structure of tropical fish hosts." Parasitology 127, no. 4 (October 2003): 387–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182003003792.

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An assessment is made of the repeatability of parasite community structure in space for a marine fish, and in space and time for a freshwater fish from south-eastern Mexico. The marine fish species was the red grouper,Epinephelus morio(collected from 9 localities), and the freshwater species was the cichlid,Cichlasoma urophthalmus(collected from 6 localities: including monthly at 2 localities for 1 year, and bimonthly at 1 locality in 1990 and 1999). Pairwise interspecific associations and analyses of nested patterns in the distributions of parasite species among hosts were used in both fish species, with comparisons over time made only with the cichlid. Positive interspecific associations, and nested patterns were noted in some localities for both fish species, and/or at some sampling times for the cichlid fish. However, non-random patterns in the structure of parasite communities in these 2 host species only were observed sporadically. When present, nestedness in both fish species was apparently linked with a positive association between total infection intensities and fish size. Additionally, adjacent localities were more likely to display similar parasite community structure than distant ones. This preliminary result suggests that distance between localities is an important determinant of predictability in parasite community structure.

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36

SMALES, L. R., R. D. ADLARD, A. ELLIOT, E. KELLY, A. J. LYMBERY, T. L. MILLER, and S. SHAMSI. "A review of the Acanthocephala parasitising freshwater fishes in Australia." Parasitology 145, no. 3 (September 25, 2017): 249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182017001627.

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SUMMARYThe acanthocephalan fauna of Australian freshwater fishes was documented from field surveys, a literature survey and examination of specimens registered in Australian museums. From the 4030 fishes, representing 78 of the 354 Australian freshwater fish species (22%), examined for infection seven species of acanthocephalan were recovered. These species comprised five endemic species, three in endemic genera, two species in cosmopolitan genera, one species not fully identified and 1 putative exotic species recovered from eight species of fish. Of theseEdmonsacanthus blairifromMelanotaenia splendida,was the only acanthocephalan found at a relatively high prevalence of 38·6%. These findings are indicative of a highly endemic and possibly depauperate acanthocephalan fauna. Species richness was higher in the tropical regions than the temperate regions of the country. Exotic acanthocephalan species have either not been introduced with their exotic hosts or have been unable to establish their life cycles in Australian conditions. Consequently, acanthocephalans have not yet invaded endemic Australian fish hosts.

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37

Nurhasnawati, Henny, Siti Jubaidah, and Novita Elfia. "PENENTUAN KADAR RESIDU TETRASIKLIN HCl PADA IKAN AIR TAWAR YANG BEREDAR DI PASAR SEGIRI MENGGUNAKAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI ULTRA VIOLET." Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung 2, no. 2 (January 27, 2017): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.51352/jim.v2i2.64.

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Tetracycline HCl is one of the most commonly used antibiotics in fish farming that aims to control diseases caused by bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence and the level of tetracycline HCl antibiotic residue in freshwater fishes sold at the Segiri traditional market. The method used in this research was a standard addition ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The results showed that residue level of tetracycline HCl in freshwater fish is 192,067 μg/g – 257,409 μg/g. These result was far exceeded the maximum residue level of tetracycline class antibiotics in meat and dairy based on SNI 01-6366-2000 that limit the residue not higher than 0.1 μg/g

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38

Řehulka, J., J. Kaustová, and E. Řehulková. "Causal Agents of Mycobacterial Diseases in Freshwater Ornamental Fish and their Importance for Human Health in the Czech Republic." Acta Veterinaria Brno 75, no. 2 (2006): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200675020251.

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In the period from 1995 to 2004, the following mycobacterial species were isolated during the examination of the state of health of aquarium fish from the Moravian-Silesian region of the Czech Republic: Mycobacterium fortuitum (Paracheirodon axelrodi, Poecilia sphenops, Hemigrammus rhodostomus, Hyphessobrycon flammeus), M. chelonae (P. axelrodi, Betta splendens, Xiphophorus helleri, Puntius tetrazona), M. kansasii (P. axelrodi, B. splendens), M. simiae (Hyphessobrycon ecuadoriensis), and M. gordonae (P. axelrodi, Colisa lalia, B. splendens, Symphysodon discus). The first isolation from aquarium fish was recorded in the case of M. kansasii and the second isolation in the case of M. simiae; both should also be taken into account as aetiological agents of mycobacterial infections in humans. The measures to reduce mycobacterial infections in both fish and humans should include monitoring water mains as possible sources of M. kansasii infections, compliance with the sanitation principles in handling fish suspected of being infected and the content of tanks (molluscs, water, plants), and the introduction of strict veterinary inspection of imported fish, fish from aquarist shops and from large-scale distributors.

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39

Phan, Van Thi, Annette Kjær Ersbøll, Thanh Thi Nguyen, Khue Viet Nguyen, Ha Thi Nguyen, Darwin Murrell, and Anders Dalsgaard. "Freshwater Aquaculture Nurseries and Infection of Fish with Zoonotic Trematodes, Vietnam." Emerging Infectious Diseases 16, no. 12 (December 2010): 1905–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1612.100422.

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40

Shetty, Mahesh, Biswajit Maiti, Kogaluru Shivakumar Santhosh, Moleyur Nagarajappa Venugopal, and Indrani Karunasagar. "Betanodavirus of Marine and Freshwater Fish: Distribution, Genomic Organization, Diagnosis and Control Measures." Indian Journal of Virology 23, no. 2 (August 19, 2012): 114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13337-012-0088-x.

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41

Andersen, K. I., and E. T. Valtonen. "Segregation and co-occurrence of larval cestodes in freshwater fishes in the Bothnian Bay, Finland." Parasitology 104, no. 1 (February 1992): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003118200006090x.

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SUMMARYTwo autogenic (Triaenophorus crassus and T. nodulosus) and four allogenic (Diphyllobothrium latum, D. dendriticum, D. ditremum and Schistocephalus solidus) larval cestode species were found in 13 out of 31 fish species studied from the Bothnian Bay, NE Baltic. Gasterosteus aculeatus was the most heavily infected fish with 4 larval cestode species; for two of them (D. ditremum and S. solidus) the three-spined stickleback was found to be the required fish intermediate host. Among allogenic cestode species, those restricted to different definitive host species segregated their larval population in relation to the fish host, while, for example, D. ditremum and S. solidus, both maturing in fish-eating birds, had the highest percentage of co-occurrences. D. dendriticum, which had the widest range of definitive hosts, was found in the greatest number (8) of fish species and co-occurred with all other species found except T. crassus. The two autogenic species totally segregated their larval population from each other although they both require pike as definitive host. The ecological and evolutionary relationships behind the patterns found for larval cestodes are discussed.

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42

Rina, Indahsari Dewi, and Dina Komar Lia. "SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK MENDIAGNOSA PENYAKIT PADA IKAN HIAS AIR TAWAR DENGAN FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM." Joutica 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.30736/jti.v4i1.284.

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One of the main causes of failure in aquaculture activities is due to disease factors. The emergence of disease disorders in fish farming is a biological risk that must always be anticipated. The emergence of diseases in fish is generally the result of complex / unbalanced interactions between the three components in the aquatic ecosystem, namely weak hosts (fish), malignant pathogens and deteriorating environmental quality. Fish cultivators must obtain fast information related to diseases that infect their fish, and how to deal with them. In this study an expert system was created to diagnose ornamental fish disease using the media website, so that it can be used at any time without having to see a doctor / expert. Knowledge base involves 23 symptoms and 5 diseases that are common in freshwater ornamental fish, using a decision table producing 20 Rule. The inference process uses the Tsukamoto fuzzy, the modeling has 23 input variables and 1 output variable. Each input variable has 3 sets and the output variable has 5 sets. The implementation results indicate that the system built can provide diagnostic results with an 85% accuracy rate.

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43

Beregi, A., Cs Székely, L. Békési, Judit Szabó, V. Molnár, and K. Molnár. "Radiodiagnostic examination of the swimbladder of some fish species." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 49, no. 1 (January 2001): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/004.49.2001.1.11.

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Radiodiagnostic methods have not been used previously for studying the anatomy and diseases of the swimbladder of freshwater fish species. In this study, the radiographic anatomy of the swimbladder and species-related differences in swimbladder structure were studied on plain radiographs taken of 12 Hungarian fish species of major economic importance. Changes observed by radiography were also studied by conventional parasitological methods. The radiodiagnostic method reported here appears to be a useful complement to diagnostic examinations that have been based merely on dissection so far. It enables evaluation of the pathological lesions in live condition, without causing damage to the fish.

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44

Mhaisen, Furhan T., and Abdul-Razzak L. Al-Rubaie. "Checklists of Parasites of Farm Fishes of Babylon Province, Iraq." Journal of Parasitology Research 2016 (2016): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7170534.

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Literature reviews of all references concerning the parasitic fauna of fishes in fish farms of Babylon province, middle of Iraq, showed that a total of 92 valid parasite species are so far known from the common carp (Cyprinus carpio), the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), and the silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) as well as from three freshwater fish species (Carassius auratus,Liza abu, andHeteropneustes fossilis) which were found in some fish farms of the same province. The parasitic fauna included one mastigophoran, three apicomplexans, 13 ciliophorans, five myxozoans, five trematodes, 45 monogeneans, five cestodes, three nematodes, two acanthocephalans, nine arthropods, and one mollusc. The common carp was found to harbour 81 species of parasites, the grass carp 30 species, the silver carp 28 species,L. abu13 species,C. auratusone species, andH. fossilisone species. A host-parasite list for each fish species was also provided.

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45

LUQUE, J. L., and R. POULIN. "Metazoan parasite species richness in Neotropical fishes: hotspots and the geography of biodiversity." Parasitology 134, no. 6 (February 12, 2007): 865–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182007002272.

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SUMMARYAlthough research on parasite biodiversity has intensified recently, there are signs that parasites remain an underestimated component of total biodiversity in many regions of the planet. To identify geographical hotspots of parasite diversity, we performed qualitative and quantitative analyses of the parasite-host associations in fishes from Latin America and the Caribbean, a region that includes known hotspots of plant and animal biodiversity. The database included 10 904 metazoan parasite-host associations involving 1660 fish species. The number of host species with at least 1 parasite record was less than 10% of the total known fish species in the majority of countries. Associations involving adult endoparasites in actinopterygian fish hosts dominated the database. Across the whole region, no significant difference in parasite species richness was detected between marine and freshwater fishes. As a rule, host body size and study effort (number of studies per fish species) were good predictors of parasite species richness. Some interesting patterns emerged when we included only the regions with highest fish species biodiversity and study effort (Brasil, Mexico and the Caribbean Islands). Independently of differences in study effort or host body sizes, Mexico stands out as a hotspot of parasite diversity for freshwater fishes, as does Brasil for marine fishes. However, among 57 marine fish species common to all 3 regions, populations from the Caribbean consistently harboured more parasite species. These differences may reflect true biological patterns, or regional discrepancies in study effort and local priorities for fish parasitology research.

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46

Zezekalo, V. K., S. B. Peredera, T. V. Buslyk, K. F. Pochernyaev, and N. S. Shcherbakova. "PCR test systems for the Clavichlamydia salmonicola and Piscichlamydia salmonis detection in fish." Journal for Veterinary Medicine, Biotechnology and Biosafety 5, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36016/jvmbbs-2019-5-1-5.

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The aim of our work was to develop PCR test systems for the identification and differentiation of the Piscichlamydia salmonis and Clavochlamydia salmonicola, species, that are known epitheliocystis infection agents of gill and fish skin diseases, characterized by the presence of specific ‘inclusions’ in the epithelial cells of the gills. To date, the diseases of fish associated with chlamydial infections have been detected in more than 90 species of freshwater and marine fish worldwide. For now, there is no available information on the prevalence of Piscichlamydia salmonis and Clavochlamydia salmonicola, which can cause epitheliocystis of commercially important aquaculture species in Ukraine. Identification of these pathogens is possible only using molecular genetic methods. As a result of our research, we got PCR tests for the identification and species differentiation of Piscichlamydia salmonis and Clavochlamydia salmonicola. The use of diagnostics for the identification of Piscichlamydia salmonis and Clavochlamydia salmonicola makes chlamydial infections monitoring among various fish species possible and it will increase the economic efficiency of fish farms.

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47

Acharya, Madushmita, N. K. Maiti, S. Mohanty, Pushpita Mishra, and M. Samanta. "Genotyping of Edwardsiella tarda isolated from freshwater fish culture system." Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 30, no. 1 (January 2007): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2006.10.003.

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48

Llaguno, Mauricio M., Juan Cortez-Escalante, Jitra Waikagul, Ana Carolina Guimarães Faleiros, Francisco das Chagas, and Cleudson Castro. "Diphyllobothrium latum infection in a non-endemic country: case report." Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 41, no. 3 (June 2008): 301–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86822008000300015.

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Diphyllobothriasis, which is rarely described in Brazil, was reported initially as a travelers’ disease and as an accidental infection in individuals who ate raw freshwater fish. This report aims to present the case of a 20-year-old patient with confirmed Diphyllobothrium latum infection.

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49

Kennedy, C. R., and J. F. Guégan. "Regional versus local helminth parasite richness in British freshwater fish: saturated or unsaturated parasite communities?" Parasitology 109, no. 2 (August 1994): 175–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000076289.

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SUMMARYThe relationships between regional species richness and local species richness were examined in respect of helminth parasite communities in 32 species of freshwater fish in the British Isles. Fish were divided into 5 categories, for each of which the goodness of fit of the relationship to linear, exponential and power function models was tested. For all categories of fish combined, there was a significant, positive curvilinear relationship. Nested within this were two other patterns. For introduced fish, a linear model provided the best fit; for euryhaline and relict species it was impossible to determine the best model, but for the other categories the relationship was curvilinear and was best fitted by a power function model. The linear relationship found for introduced fish was interpreted as a temporary situation, reflecting the shortage of time for the communities to become saturated. It corresponded to the linear part of the curvilinear relationship of the other categories, which is believed to represent the fundamental form of the relationship for parasite communities. The communities reached a saturation level of richness, corresponding to the asymptote of the curve, which fell well below regional species richness. Explanations for local saturation are discussed, but neither community structure nor supply-side ecology can yet be preferred. It is concluded that local patterns in helminth community richness, in contrast to those in fish assemblages, are not significantly influenced by patterns on a larger, regional spatial scale and so regional species richness is not a key determinant of local species richness, nor does a knowledge of regional patterns improve predictability of local patterns.

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Im, Kyung-il, and Ho-Joon Shin. "Acanthamoeba sohi, n. sp., a pathogenic Korean isolate YM-4 from a freshwater fish." Korean Journal of Parasitology 41, no. 4 (2003): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2003.41.4.181.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Freshwater fish diseases'

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