Journal articles: 'Freshwater red algae'

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Eloranta, Pertti. "Freshwater red algae in Finland." Plant and Fungal Systematics 64, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pfs-2019-0006.

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AbstractThere were only less than sixty records of freshwater red algae in Finland until the 1980s, when the author began sampling the running waters of southern and central Finland; 516 new records were made in 1984–2011. More intensive research began in 2012, with a few field teams working at first in Central Finland Province and then covering the whole country. The project continued until 2018. During these studies approximately 3400 new locations were investigated and 3641 new records of 29 taxa were made. Since 2013, 12 ecological variables have also been measured or estimated. The share of positive records from the studied locations varied from 49% to 86% (avg. 72%), being highest in Lapland (85.5%). The most frequent taxa were Batrachospermum gelatinosum (36.5%), Audouinella hermannii (14.5%), Sheathia arcuata (9.3%), Sirodotia suecica (8.4%), Audouinella chalybea (4.7%), Lemanea fluviatilis (3.8%) and Lemanea fucina (2.8%). Batrachospermum elegans, Kumanoa virgatodecaisneana and Lemanea mamillosa occurred in southwestern Finland in waters with higher conductivity, whereas Batrachospermum turfosum and Virescentia vogesiaca were typical taxa of acidic and soft water. Batrachospermum sporulans and Lemanea condensata occurred only in northern Finland. Some records did not fit the recent morphological keys and should be analysed using molecular methods.

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Entwisle, Timothy J. "Freshwater red algae of the world." Phycologia 42, no. 3 (May 2003): 316–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-42-3-316.1.

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Mišurcová, L., S. Kráčmar, B. Klejdus, and J. Vacek. "Nitrogen content, dietary fiber, and digestibility in algal food products." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 28, No. 1 (February 18, 2010): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/111/2009-cjfs.

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The basic nutritional aspects and parameters of freshwater and marine algal food products are described. Blue-green algae (Spirulina pacifica, S. platensis), green algae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa), red algae (Palmaria palmata, Porphyra tenera), and brown algae (Eisenia bicyclis, Hizikia fusiformis, Laminaria japonica, Undaria pinnatifida) were used for this purpose. The ash content, total nitrogen, dietary fibers, and in vitro digestibility of the above-mentioned algal species were studied. The ash contents amounted to 8–11% (for freshwater) and 9–33% (for marine) of the weights of the algal samples. The total nitrogen contents were analysed using a modified Winkler’s method; in the process, higher nitrogen contents were observed in freshwater algae than in marine ones. For the analysis of dietary fiber contents, the instrument Ankom220 Fibre Analyser was used. The marine brown algae species were generally assigned higher contents of dietary fiber than the freshwater algal products. The results of the dietary fiber analysis differed with the methodologies used. Pepsin, pancreatin, and a combination of both were applied for the study of in vitro digestibility. Generally, brown algae showed the worst digestibility in comparison with other algal food products.

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Chou, Jui-Yu, Shao-Lun Liu, Yu-Der Wen, and Wei-Lung Wang. "Phylogenetic analysis of Bangiadulcis atropurpurea (A. Roth) W.A. Nelson and Bangia fuscopurpurea (Dillwyn) Lyngbye (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) in Taiwan." Archives of Biological Sciences 67, no. 2 (2015): 445–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs140902009c.

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Samples of the freshwater red algae, Bangiadulcis atropurpurea, collected from the mountain waterfalls and its close species, Bangia fuscopurpurea, collected from coasts, were phylogenetically analyzed. The sequences of the rbcL gene and RuBisCO spacer region of the freshwater Bangiadulcis atropurpurea species were identical or similar to those of B. atropurpurea from Japan, North America and Europe. This result indicated that the freshwater Bangiadulcis species from Taiwan shared a common ancestor with the three above-mentioned populations and formed a distinct clade from the marine Bangia species in the phylogenetic trees. It is suggested that all the previous records on marine Bangia species should be revised and the name B. fuscopurpurea be used for the marine species in Taiwan. In this study, the freshwater alga B. atropurpurea presents a new record in the algal flora of Taiwan. This finding is important for the protection of the biodiversity of red algal flora, and provides useful information on the ecological conservation of the species in Taiwan.

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Rajopadhyaya, Ritu, and Shiva Kumar Rai. "Some freshwater algae from Bagh-Jhoda wetland, Morang: new for Nepal." Journal of Natural History Museum 30 (December 1, 2018): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v30i0.27375.

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Present paper describes new and interesting algae reported during the exploration of algal flora of Bagh-Jhoda wetland, Morang. A total of 20 species of freshwater algae, excluding cyanobacteria, have been reported from this wetland as new for Nepal. They were Ankistrodesmus spiralis, Botryococcus braunii, B. protuberans, Glaucocystis duplex, Gonium sociale, Kirchneriella contorta, Nephrocytium hydrophilum, N.obesum, Oocystiseremosphaeria, Sorastrum americanum, Staurastrum pseudosebaldi, S. striolatum var. divergens, S. subpolymorphum, Glenodinium borgei, Peridinium gatunense, Gomphonema lacusrankaloides, G. pseudoaugur, Nitzschia cf. pumila, Pinnularia amabilis and Ulnaria capitata. This wetland area is rich in algal diversity including red algae and it needs further extensive exploration.

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Rai, Dilli Ram, and Shiva Kumar Rai. "Freshwater Algae (Excluding Diatoms and Red Algae) from Hasina Wetland, Sundar Haraicha, Morang, Nepal." Himalayan Journal of Science and Technology 2 (December 1, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hijost.v2i0.25834.

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This paper described 44 freshwater algae (except diatoms and red algae) belonging to classes' cyanophyceae, chlorophyceae, charophyceae and euglenophyceae from Hasina wetland and its surrounding area, Sundar- Haraicha, Morang, Nepal. Samples were collected from Budhi Khola, Khayer Khola and ponds and marshy land in Hasina wetland. In total, the largest family was chlorophyceae represented by 30 taxa and the largest genus was Cosmarium represented by 6 taxa. The study showed that this area is rich in algal diversity.

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Manny, Bruce A., Thomas A. Edsall, and Daniel E. Wujek. "Compsopogon cf. coeruleus, a benthic red alga (Rhodophyta) new to the Laurentian Great Lakes." Canadian Journal of Botany 69, no. 6 (June 1, 1991): 1237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b91-159.

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We found Compsopogon cf. coeruleus for the first time in the Laurentian Great Lakes, growing on limestone rocks at a depth of 21 m on Six Fathom Bank in central Lake Huron. It is the first freshwater red alga to be found in the Great Lakes and the only red alga ever found on an offshore reef in the Great Lakes. However, because this alga usually inhabits water 10–28 °C and has not survived freezing winter temperatures elsewhere, it may not be a permanent member of the flora. Key words: benthic, Compsopogon, freshwater red algae, Great Lakes, Lake Huron.

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Ganesan, E. K., and John A. West. "Nomenclatural changes for some freshwater red algae from India." ALGAE 28, no. 1 (March 15, 2013): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4490/algae.2013.28.1.045.

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9

Bautista, Anna I. N., and Orlando Necchi Jr. "Photoacclimation in three species of freshwater red algae." Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 19, no. 1 (March 2007): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1677-04202007000100003.

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Three freshwater Rhodophyta species (Audouinella eugenea, A. hermannii and Compsopogon coeruleus) were tested as to their responses (photosynthesis, growth and pigment concentration) to two irradiances (low light, LL, 65 µmol m-2 s-1 and high light, HL, 300 µmol m-2 s-1) and two periods (short time, ST, 4 d, and long time, LT, 28 d). Higher growth rates were consistently observed at LL but significant differences were observed only for A. hermannii. Higher values of photoinhibition at LL were found for the three species, which is consistent with the dynamic photoinhibition as a reversible photoprotective mechanism against high irradiance. Light-induced decreases of effective quantum yield (EQY) were observed in the three species consisting of pronounced decreases from LL to HL. Rapid increases of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were observed mainly at LL, indicating energy dissipation by reaction centers. Results revealed distinct photoacclimation strategies to deal with high irradiances: the two Audouinella species had only characteristics of shade-adapted algae: acclimation by changes of size of photosystem units (PSU) under LT and by PSU number under ST; higher values of the photoinhibition parameter (beta) and NPQ, and lower values of EQY at LL; higher recovery capacity of potential quantum yield (PQY) at LL and under ST; highly significant positive correlation of electron transport rate (ETR) with NPQ. In addition, C. coeruleus mixed some characteristics of sun-adapted algae: acclimation by changes of PSU number under LT and by PSU size under ST; higher recovery capacity of EQY than the other two species; weak or no correlation of ETR with NPQ. Thus, these characteristics indicate that C. coeruleus cope with high irradiances more efficiently than the Audouinella species.

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Raven, John A., Lucy A. Ball, John Beardall, Mario Giordano, and Stephen C. Maberly. "Algae lacking carbon-concentrating mechanisms." Canadian Journal of Botany 83, no. 7 (July 1, 2005): 879–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b05-074.

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Most of the algae and cyanobacteria that have been critically examined express a carbon-concentrating mechanism (CCM) when grown at, or below, the current atmospheric CO2 concentration. This paper considers algae that appear to lack a CCM. Critical examination of the evidence on which the presence or absence of a CCM is decided shows that more information is frequently needed before the criteria can be fully applied. Examples are the pathways of glycolate metabolism in nongreen algae, and the 13C/12C discrimination shown by form ID Rubisco in vitro. The available evidence suggests that the algae lacking CCMs are some terrestrial green microalgae, some florideophyte freshwater red macroalgae, and a number of florideophyte red macroalgae from the supralittoral, littoral, and sublittoral, and almost all of the freshwater chrysophytes and synurophytes examined. Certain environmental, biochemical, and biophysical factors may permit the occurrence of algae lacking CCMs. The absence of CCMs is presumably the plesiomorphic (i.e., ancestral) condition in cyanobacteria (and algae?).Key words: CO2 diffusion, chrysophyte algae, ecology, evolution, green algae, photosynthesis, red algae.

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Ragazzola, Federica, Regina Kolzenburg, Jurgita Zekonyte, Sebastian Teichert, Chulin Jiang, Ante Žuljević, Annalisa Caragnano, and Annalisa Falace. "Structural and Elemental Analysis of the Freshwater, Low-Mg Calcite Coralline Alga Pneophyllum cetinaensis." Plants 9, no. 9 (August 24, 2020): 1089. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9091089.

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Coralline algae are one of the most diversified groups of red algae and represent a major component of marine benthic habitats from the poles to the tropics. This group was believed to be exclusively marine until 2016, when the first freshwater coralline algae Pneophyllum cetinaensis was discovered in the Cetina River, southern Croatia. While several studies investigated the element compositions of marine coralline algal thalli, no information is yet available for the freshwater species. Using XRD, LA-ICP-MS and nano indentation, this study presents the first living low-Mg calcite coralline algae with Mg concentrations ten times lower than is common for the average marine species. Despite the lower Mg concentrations, hardness and elastic modulus (1.71 ± 1.58 GPa and 29.7 ± 18.0 GPa, respectively) are in the same range as other marine coralline algae, possibly due to other biogenic impurities. When compared to marine species, Ba/Ca values were unusually low, even though Ba concentrations are generally higher in rivers than in seawater. These low values might be linked to different physical and chemical characteristics of the Cetina River.

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Kunpeng, FANG, NAN Fangru, FENG Jia, LV Junping, LIU Qi, and XIE Shulian. "Morphology and molecular phylogeny of a freshwater red algae." Journal of Lake Sciences 31, no. 1 (2019): 220–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18307/2019.0121.

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13

Eloranta, Pertti, Anssi Eloranta, and Pasi Peramaki. "Intensive study of freshwater red algae (Rhodophyta) in Finland." Fottea 16, no. 1 (March 30, 2016): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5507/fot.2015.025.

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14

Goodman, Keri M., and Mark E. Hay. "Activated chemical defenses suppress herbivory on freshwater red algae." Oecologia 171, no. 4 (September 26, 2012): 921–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-012-2455-0.

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Chankaew, W., A. Sakset, S. Chankaew, E. K. Ganesan, Orlando Necchi Jr, and John A. West. "Diversity of freshwater red algae at Khao Luang National Park, southern Thailand." ALGAE 34, no. 1 (March 15, 2019): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4490/algae.2019.34.11.30.

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Barinova, S. "Diversity, Ecology and Survivor of Freshwater Red Algae in Israel." Natural Resources and Conservation 1, no. 2 (September 2013): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/nrc.2013.010201.

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Ganesan, E. K., J. A. West, G. C. Zuccarello, S. Loiseaux de Goer, and J. Rout. "Lemanea manipurensis sp. nov. (Batrachospermales), a freshwater red algal species from North-East India." ALGAE 30, no. 1 (March 15, 2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4490/algae.2015.30.1.001.

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J, Krishnaveni, Alarmal Mangai S, and Mary Jency I. "IN VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF BLUE-GREEN ALGAE-GEITLERINEMA SPLENDIDUM COLLECTED FROM WESTERN GHATS, SOUTH INDIA." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 5 (May 1, 2018): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i5.25301.

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Objective: Geitlerinema splendidum is non-edible blue-green algae available in freshwater systems. It belongs to the family Pseudanabaenacae genera. In exploring the medical properties of algae, our present work aimed to analyze the anti-inflammatory effect of the algae G. Splendidum.Methods: Anti-inflammatory activity was done by human red blood cell membrane stabilization assay for ethyl acetate and ethanol crude extracts of alga and found that the ethyl acetate extract has better inhibitory property than ethanol crude extract. Diclofenac was used as the standard drug.Results: The experimental results obtained are comparable to the reference drug and are found to be dose-dependent. Even at a minimum concentration of 12.5 μg/ml, the percentage inhibition was in the range of 56.6±0.12–58.5±0.03 %, which indicated that the alga G. splendidum has a satisfactory anti-inflammatory activity.Conclusion: Our present work is supposed to be the first report in exploring the anti-inflammatory effect of the algae G. splendidum.

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Carlile, Amy L., and Alison R. Sherwood. "Phylogenetic affinities and distribution of the Hawaiian freshwater red algae (Rhodophyta)." Phycologia 52, no. 3 (May 2013): 309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2216/12-097.1.

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Żelazna-Wieczorek, Joanna, and Maciej Ziułkiewicz. "Hildenbrandia rivularis (Rhodophyta) in central Poland." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 77, no. 1 (2011): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2008.006.

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Freshwater red algae Hildenbrandia rivularis has been noted for the first time in central Poland near the Lodz agglomeration. Until now, this alga was recorded only in mountain and Polish Lowland areas. The wide range of habitat conditions influencing the occurrence for this protected species has been determined in the spring niche. The possible threat to habitat where H. rivularis occurs, is connected with construction and exploitation of the A2 highway.

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Patova, Elena, Irina Sterlyagova, and Yuliya Shabalina. "Rare Macroscopic Algae Species In The Pechora And Vychegda River Basins (North-Eastern Part Of European Russia)." Botanica Lithuanica 20, no. 2 (February 2, 2015): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/botlit-2014-0011.

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AbstractTen rare species of macroscopic algae were found in freshwater ecosystems of the Pechora and Vychegda River basins, belonging to four divisions: Cyanoprokaryota - 1 species, Rhodophyta - 3, Chrysophyta - 1, Charophy-ta - 5. Some of these were included in the regional Red Data Books of Nenets Autonomous District and Komi Republic, others were recommended to be included. Areas of distribution were marked; algae development conditions and limiting factors were described.

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Lee, Jung-Joon, Sung-Hyun Jang, Joo-Heon Lee, and Jung-Ho Lee. "Morphology and Ecology of Peridinium bipes var. occultatum Lindem.(Dinophyceae) Forming Freshwater Red Tides in Korean Dam Reservoirs." ALGAE 21, no. 4 (December 31, 2006): 433–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4490/algae.2006.21.4.433.

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Evans, Joshua R., Iara S. Chapuis, and Morgan L. Vis. "Adding to the freshwater red algal diversity in North America: Lympha mucosa gen. et sp. nov. (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta)." ALGAE 32, no. 3 (September 15, 2017): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4490/algae.2017.32.9.8.

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Redmond, Alexis M., Emily K. Hollingsworth, and Morgan L. Vis. "Survey of Freshwater Red Algae from the Batrachospermales (Rhodophyta) in South Carolina." Southeastern Naturalist 18, no. 3 (August 26, 2019): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1656/058.018.0311.

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Yeo, Regina Shu Wen, Lawrence Manzano Liao, and Boon-Chuan Ho. "Visia cylindrocellularis: A new record of freshwater red algae (Rhodophyta) in Singapore and extension of its geographical distribution range." Nova Hedwigia 112, no. 3-4 (May 27, 2021): 323–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2021/0620.

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Eloranta, Pertti, and Janina Kwandrans. "Distribution and ecology of freshwater red algae (Rhodophyta) in some central Finnish rivers." Nordic Journal of Botany 16, no. 1 (March 1996): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.1996.tb00220.x.

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Chapuis, Iara S., Pedro Sánchez M. Castillo, and Marina Aboal Sanjurjo. "Checklist of freshwater red algae in the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands." Nova Hedwigia 98, no. 1 (February 1, 2014): 213–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2014/0153.

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GANESAN, E. K., JOHN A. WEST, and ORLANDO NECCHI JR. "A catalogue and bibliography of non-marine (freshwater and estuarine) Rhodophyta (red algae) of India." Phytotaxa 364, no. 1 (August 7, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.364.1.1.

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An annotated bibliographic catalogue of Indian red algae (Rhodophyta) occurring in freshwater and estuarine habitats (moist terrestrial soils, ponds, streams, rivers, lakes, large inland brackish water lagoons and coastal estuaries), based on more than a century (1846 to 2017) of publications is presented in a single coherent work for the first time. There have been 81 taxonomic entities (species, varieties and doubtful records), distributed among 21 genera recorded for the vast Indian sub-continent. Species distribution among the 21 genera are as follows: Audouinella—12; Balliopsis—1; Batrachospermum—11; Bostrychia—7; Caloglossa—8; Catenella—3; Chroodactylon (including Asterocytis)—2; Chroothece—1; Compsopogon—8, Compsopogonopsis—1; Hildenbrandia—1; Kumanoa—7; Kyliniella—1; Lemanea—6; Nothocladus—1; Polysiphonia—1; Porphyridium—1; Sheathia—1; Sirodotia—4; Thorea—2; and Tuomeya—2. Of the seven currently recognized classes of Rhodophyta, no members of Bangiophyceae, Cyaniodiophyceae, or Rhodellophyceae are recorded from India. For each taxon, the following information is provided: (i) valid and currently accepted binomial (ii) synonyms as applicable to Indian records (iii) references with distribution in India and (iv) brief notes. Descriptions of new species based on Indian collections (holotypes) are indicated and some new combinations were made, when necessary. Several generic records (e.g., Balliopsis, Hildenbrandia, Kyliniella, Nothocladus and Tuomeya) and some species records (e.g. Batrachospermum longiarticulatum, Lemanea australis, L. catenata, L. fluviatilis, L. mamillosa, L. torulosa and Thorea hispida) warrant detailed confirmatory data based on reinvestigation of fresh collections for morphology, reproduction and particularly molecular data to confirm the presence in the country. Future collections, especially in the Indian Biodiversity Hotspots (Indo-Burma, Western and Eastern Ghats and Andaman & Nicobar Islands), may uncover the occurrence of genera such as Bangia, Cyanidium and Nemalionopsis known to be present in neighbouring countries of Pakistan, Nepal and Thailand. Geothermal (acidic) hot water springs in India may reveal the presence of extremophilic unicellular red algal genera like Cyanidium, Cyanidioschyzon and Galdieria of the Cyanidiophyceae. Two maps showing the political and biogeographic zones of India are included. The need to preserve holotype and duplicate/voucher specimens with GPS data of future collections of red algal groups in a centralized national facility is also highlighted.

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Necchi Júnior, Orlando, and Abner H. S. Alves. "Photosynthetic characteristics of the freshwater red alga Batrachospermum delicatulum (Skuja) Necchi & Entwisle." Acta Botanica Brasilica 19, no. 1 (March 2005): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-33062005000100012.

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Six populations of the freshwater red alga Batrachospermum delicatulum (Skuja) Necchi & Entwisle, including gametophyte and 'Chantransia' stage, were analysed in culture and natural conditions applying chlorophyll fluorescence and oxygen evolution. Parameters derived from the photosynthesis-irradiance curves indicated adaptation to low irradiance for all populations, which was characterized by photoinhibition, low values of Ik and Ic and high values of a. Data from both techniques revealed significant differences among populations and phases for most photosynthetic parameters. Similarly, photosynthesis responded differently to variations in temperature in each population with similar rates under a wide range of temperature. No consistent pattern was found when the same population or phase was tested, suggesting high capacity to adjust the photosynthetic apparatus to distinct conditions of irradiance and temperature. pH experiments showed a decreasing trend towards higher pH or higher rates at pH 6.5, suggesting, respectively, higher affinity to inorganic carbon as CO2 or indistinct use of bicarbonate and CO2. The diurnal pattern of photosynthesis essentially agree with that for seaweeds and freshwater red algae, consisting of two peaks: a first (generally higher) during the morning and a second (typically lower) in the afternoon. Photosynthetic characteristics of B. delicatulum (Skuja) Necchi & Entwisleexhibited a wide range of responses to irradiance, temperature and pH/inorganic carbon, reflecting its wide tolerance to these variables, which probably contributes to its wide spatial and temporal distribution.

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Chiasson, Wayne B., Eric D. Salomaki &, and Morgan L. Vis. "New Collections of Freshwater Red Algae (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) from Historically Important Areas in France." Cryptogamie, Algologie 35, no. 3 (August 2014): 303–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.7872/crya.v35.iss3.2014.303.

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Johnston, Emily T., Phaik-Eem Lim, Nurliah Buhari, Emily J. Keil, M. Iqbal Djawad, and Morgan L. Vis. "Diversity of freshwater red algae (Rhodophyta) in Malaysia and Indonesia from morphological and molecular data." Phycologia 53, no. 4 (June 1, 2014): 329–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2216/13-223.1.

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Simic, Snezana, and Nevena Djordjevic. "Morphology, distribution and ecology of the freshwater red algae Paralemanea (Batrachospermaceae, Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) in Serbia." Archives of Biological Sciences 69, no. 1 (2017): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs160211093s.

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This paper describes the morphology, distribution and ecology of 15 populations of Paralemanea collected from 2004 to 2011 in 12 rivers in Serbia. On the basis of morphological and reproductive characteristics, two species were identified: P. annulata (12 populations) and P. catenata (3 populations). Morphological (presence of a stalk, thalli length, nodal diameter (ND), internodal diameter (ID), node and internode diameter ratio (ND:ID) and reproductive (arrangement of spermatangial sori, length and diameter of carpospores, presence of Chantransia stage) features described in the literature are generally confirmed in the populations from Serbia. True branching was observed in six populations of P. annulata in the gametophyte stage. False branching (whorled branching) occurred in five populations of both species observed. In the Pcinja (P2), Ibar (IB5) and Crnovrska rivers (CR10), the number of whorled branching was 6-11 (P. annulata). For P. catenata the number of such branching was 3-5 in the Nisava River (N8) and Sokobanjska Moravica River (SM12). False branching appears at damaged thalli, somewhat repairing it. Algae belonging to the Paralemanea genus were found at altitudes from 160 to 780 m (P. annulata), and from 240 to 400 m (P. catenata), at water temperatures ranging from 11.5 to 29?C (P. annulata) and from 12.6 to 17.4?C (P. catenata), in neutral and weakly alkaline waters, with a high level of oxygen concentration, with conductivity ranging from 70 to 433 ?S/cm for P. annulata, and 260 to 440 ?S /cm for P. catenata. It was also observed that P. annulata and P. catenata often grow in oligotrophic conditions and rarely in eutrophic conditions.

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Buaya, A. T., B. Scholz, and M. Thines. "Sirolpidium bryopsidis, a parasite of green algae, is probably conspecific with Pontisma lagenidioides, a parasite of red algae." Fungal Systematics and Evolution 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2021.07.11.

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The genus Sirolpidium (Sirolpidiaceae) of the Oomycota includes several species of holocarpic obligate aquatic parasites. These organisms are widely occurring in marine and freshwater habitats, mostly infecting filamentous green algae. Presently, all species are only known from their morphology and descriptive life cycle traits. None of the seven species classified in Sirolpidium, including the type species, S. bryopsidis, has been rediscovered and studied for their molecular phylogeny, so far. Originally, the genus was established to accommodate all parasites of filamentous marine green algae. In the past few decades, however, Sirolpidium has undergone multiple taxonomic revisions and several species parasitic in other host groups were added to the genus. While the phylogeny of the marine rhodophyte-and phaeophyteinfecting genera Pontisma and Eurychasma, respectively, has only been resolved recently, the taxonomic placement of the chlorophyte-infecting genus Sirolpidium remained unresolved. In the present study, we report the phylogenetic placement of Sirolpidium bryopsidis infecting the filamentous marine green algae Capsosiphon fulvescens sampled from Skagaströnd in Northwest Iceland. Phylogenetic reconstructions revealed that S. bryopsidis is either conspecific or at least very closely related to the type species of Pontisma, Po. lagenidioides. Consequently, the type species of genus Sirolpidium, S. bryopsidis, is reclassified to Pontisma. Further infection trials are needed to determine if Po. bryopsidis and Po. lagenidioides are conspecific or closely related. In either case, the apparently recent host jump from red to green algae is remarkable, as it opens the possibility for radiation in a largely divergent eukaryotic lineage.

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Imai, Ichiro, Nobuharu Inaba, and Keigo Yamamoto. "Harmful algal blooms and environmentally friendly control strategies in Japan." Fisheries Science 87, no. 4 (June 30, 2021): 437–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12562-021-01524-7.

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AbstractThe presence and status of harmful algal blooms (HABs) in Japan are reviewed, revealing a decrease in red tides; however, toxic blooms are found to be increasing in western Japan. Environmentally friendly control strategies against HABs are also compared with integrated agricultural pest management. Very high densities (105–108 CFU/g) of algicidal and growth-inhibiting bacteria were found in biofilm on seagrass and seaweed surfaces and in surrounding coastal seawater. The situation in freshwater ecosystems is similar to coastal seas for toxic cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa, and aquatic plants. These findings offer new insights into the ecology of influential bacteria and harmful algae, suggesting that protection and restoration of native seagrasses and seaweeds in coastal marine environments should be implemented to suppress HABs. Diatom blooms were successfully induced with bottom sediment perturbation to prevent the occurrence of harmful flagellates such as Chattonella spp. and Alexandrium catenella in the Seto Inland Sea; however, this method requires robust and reproducible verification. “Sato-Umi” is a helpful concept for HAB control in the sea and freshwater ecosystems when adequately managed by people (e.g., appropriate bottom perturbation; protection and restoration of seaweeds, seagrasses, and aquatic plants; application of polycultures of fish, seaweeds, etc.).

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T-Krasznai, Enikő, and Viktória B-Béres. "Rarely mentioned species in Hungary: Can we step into the same lake?" Biologia 76, no. 6 (April 19, 2021): 1661–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11756-021-00750-9.

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AbstractInternational and national protection strategies and directives focus mainly on macroscopic organism and attempt to maintain their endangered habitats. However, microscopic communities are also threatened by decreasing biodiversity and many species including freshwater algae can disappear without even knowing they were present in the habitat. Defining rarity of microscopic taxa is not easy. The species’ rarity is based on detailed knowledge of distribution and abundance of species. But only limited information is available about rare algal species especially in a given ecoregion. Reducing the data gaps, here, we present altogether 20 phytoplankton taxa rare in Hungary: three species of Chlorophyceae, eight species of Trebouxiophyceae, two taxa of Euglenophyceae, one-one species of Cyanobacteria, Bacillariophyceae and Mediophyceae and three species of Xanthophyceae. One of them, the Cylindrotheca gracilis is on the Hungarian Red List. Physical and ecological characteristics of standing waters where these species were found as well as their former occurrence all over the world are also reviewed.

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HAN, JIN-FEN, FANG-RU NAN, JIA FENG, JUN-PING LV, QI LIU, JOHN P. KOCIOLEK, and SHU-LIAN XIE. "Sheathia jinchengensis (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta), a new freshwater red algal species described from North China." Phytotaxa 367, no. 1 (August 30, 2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.367.1.7.

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A new species of freshwater red algae, Sheathia jinchengensis, is described based on material collected from rocks in a clean and cold-water stream from the Jincheng region of Shanxi province in North China. Molecular sequences of rbcL and psbA genes were used to evaluate the phylogenetic relationship among samples of S. jinchengensis and other Sheathia species from several regions of the world. The results showed that S. jinchengensis formed an independent branch and separated from the previously published sequence data of other Sheathia taxa. From a morphological point of view, this new species differs also from other species of the genus by the smaller diameter of whorls (167.0–312.5 μm) and larger carpogonium diameter (17.0–29.0 μm). Comparison of sequence variation and thallus morphology with other Sheathia taxa resulted in the proposal of the new species—S. jinchengensis. Additionally, two endemic Batrachospermum species described earlier from China i.e., B. hongdongense and B. longipedicellata are now transferred to the genus Sheathia based on the present study as S. hongdongensis (S.L.Xie & J.Feng) Han, Nan, Feng, Lv, Liu, Kociolek et Xie comb. nov. and S. longipedicellata (Hua & Shi) Han, Nan, Feng, Lv, Liu, Kociolek et Xie comb. nov.

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Wilkins, Keiko W., Erin Overholt, and Craig Williamson. "The effects of dissolved organic matter from a native and an invasive plant species on juvenile Daphnia survival and growth." Journal of Plankton Research 42, no. 4 (June 9, 2020): 453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbaa027.

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Abstract Shifts in the composition of terrestrial plant communities could have significant effects on freshwater zooplankton due to changes in the quality of inputs of terrestrially derived dissolved organic matter (DOM). Leachate from native red maple (RM) and invasive Amur honeysuckle (AH) were used to explore the effects of DOM source on survival and growth of juvenile Daphnia ambigua. Prior research with both terrestrial and aquatic organisms indicates that AH-derived DOM has negative effects. Comparing bioassays in the presence and absence of algae with no additional DOM, RM- or AH-derived DOM, RM had stronger negative effects on both Daphnia survival and growth while AH only decreased growth. The negative effects seen in the presence and absence of algae provided evidence for both indirect and direct effects due to phytotoxicity and plant secondary compounds, respectively. DOM source may play a key role in regulating consumers in aquatic ecosystems.

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Zucchi, Marcelo Ribeiro, and Orlando Necchi. "Effects of temperature, irradiance and photoperiod on growth and pigment content in some freshwater red algae in culture." Phycological Research 49, no. 2 (June 2001): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1835.2001.tb00240.x.

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Millar, AJK, and GT Kraft. "Catalogue of marine and freshwater red algae (Rhodophyta) of New South Wales, including Lord Howe Island, south-western Pacific." Australian Systematic Botany 6, no. 1 (1993): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb9930001.

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All published, and many unpublished, records of marine and freshwater red algae from the New South Wales mainland and Lord Howe Island are brought together for the first time. Of the 381 species listed (in 14 orders, 41 families and 174 genera), some 22% have New South Wales type localities (58 from the mainland and 24 from Lord Howe Island) and the remainder are either typically southern Australian, Queensland, or much more widely distributed. Twenty-five percent (100) of the species and 20% (35) of the genera are newly recorded for the New South Wales coast, one genus (Callithamniella) is new to the Pacific Ocean, and two (Ditria and Titanophora) are newly recorded for Australia. The new combination Gloiocladia minutula is also proposed. All nomenclature is updated and relevant synonyms and misapplied names are included.

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FANG, KUN-PENG, FANG-RU NAN, JIA FENG, JUN-PING LV, QI LIU, XU-DONG LIU, and SHU-LIAN XIE. "Batrachospermum qujingense (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta), a new freshwater red algal species from Southwest China." Phytotaxa 461, no. 1 (September 30, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.461.1.1.

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Batrachospermum is a widely distributed genus in China. Nonetheless, many taxa recorded previously have no molecular data. In this study, a new species of Batrachospermum called Batrachospermum qujingense is described and illustrated from Qujing, Yunnan, Southwest China, based on morphological observations and a phylogenetic analysis. This species is distinguished morphologically from other species by dioecious thalli, straight carpogonial branches with 7–9 cells and stalked angled obovoid or inflated-clavate trichogynes. In addition, a phylogenetic analysis of the molecular data from the rbcL, COI-5P, and psbA genes indicated separation between the new species proposed in this study and other species in the genus Batrachospermum (4.0–5.3% for rbcL, 7.7%–10.6% for COI-5P, and 2.2–3.2% for psbA ). This is the first species of Batrachospermum reported in Yunnan and the third species of Batrachospermum with molecular data in China. The description of the new species and geographical distribution expands the diversity of freshwater red algae in China.

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Jiang, Li Whu, G. Cao, Xu Hui Mao, and Fu Xing Gan. "Effect of Microbes on the Early Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel in Eutrophic Lake." Key Engineering Materials 373-374 (March 2008): 456–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.373-374.456.

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In China’s freshwater environment, the eutrophication phenomenon has become more and more serious in recent years. The changes of water quality may induce the variation of metal’s corrosion behavior. In this paper, carbon steel as common material of hydraulic structure was the investigated object, and its early corrosion behavior affected by microbes (algae and microbe) in eutrophic lakes was studied using immersion test, electrochemical measurements and infra-red spectrometry techniques. The experimental waters were natural eutrophic water and microbescleaned water. The former was fetched from eutrophic East Lake in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China, and the preparation of later was making natural eutrophic water sterilized and algae removed by UV radiation. In order to present the changes of carbon steel’s corrosion behavior in natural eutrophic freshwater with and without microbes, comparative experiments were conducted in lab. Both weight loss method and electrochemical techniques showed that, the corrosion rates of carbon steel decreased in early stage for the influence of microbe existence. The analysis of infrared spectra indicated that, corrosion product on the surface of coupons taken from natural eutrophic water, mainly were δ hydroxyl ferric oxide, magnetic iron ore, γ hydroxyl ferric oxide, α hydroxyl ferric oxide and β hydroxyl ferric oxide, with relative concentration ratio of 1:0.314:1.003:0.634: 0.654. While corrosion product on the surface of carbon steel taken from the microbes-cleaned water, mainly were α hydroxyl ferric oxide and γ hydroxyl ferric oxide, with relative concentration ratio of 1:1.215.

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Tkachenko, F. P. "New find of rare freshwater brown algae Pleurocladia lacustris А.Braun (Phaeophyсеае) from Dnieper Estuary of the Black Sea (Ukraine)." Algologia 31, no. 1 (March 2021): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/alg31.01.074.

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In article reports a new find of Pleurocladia lacustris in Ukraine. The species grew in the brackish-water Dnieper Estuary (depth 0.2 m, salinity of estuary water was 4.68‰, temperature – 23 °С, pH – 7.9) P. lacustris is a filamentous benthic species, the cells of which are not calcified here, as in freshwater conditions, but are covered with a slimy sheath. It was found in fouling of bushes of green algae Cladophora glomerata (Linnaeus) Kützing and Ulva flexuosa Wulfen, as well as blue-green (Calothrix C.Agardh ex Bornet & Flahault and Oscillatoria sp.) on a concrete slab in July 2020. The thickets of Potamogeton perfoliatus L., Ruppia maritima L., and Stuckenia pectinata (L.) Börner predominated in the coastal area of the estuary. Color illustrations of the vegetative and generative organs of P. lacustris are presented, its diagnostic macroscopic and microscopic characteristics are shown, which turned out to be somewhat larger than the data of the determinants. The ecological characteristics of the algae habitat meet the known requirements. This rare species is known in about 50 localities in Europe, North America, Australia and Africa. In many countries P. lacustris is considered an endangered species and is included in the protected red lists.

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Khan, Muhammad Imran, Moon Geon Lee, Hyo Jin Seo, Jin Hyuk Shin, Tai Sun Shin, Yang Ho Yoon, Min Yong Kim, Jong Il Choi, and Jong Deog Kim. "Enhancing the Feasibility ofMicrocystis aeruginosaas a Feedstock for Bioethanol Production under the Influence of Various Factors." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4540826.

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Microcystis aeruginosa, a freshwater microalga, is capable of producing and accumulating different types of sugars in its biomass which make it a good feedstock for bioethanol production. Present study aims to investigate the effect of different factors increasing growth rate and carbohydrates productivity ofM. aeruginosa. MF media (modified BG11 media) and additional ingredients such as aminolevulinic acid (2 mM), lysine (2.28 mM), alanine (1 mM), and Naphthalene acetic acid (1 mM) as cytokine promotedM. aeruginosagrowth and sugar contents.Salmonellashowed growth-assisting effect onM. aeruginosa. Enhanced growth rate and carbohydrates contents were observed inM. aeruginosaculture grown at 25°C under red LED light of 90 μmolm−2s−1intensity. More greenish and carbohydrates richM. aeruginosabiomass was prepared (final OD660 nm= 2.21 and sugar contents 10.39 mM/mL) as compared to control (maximum OD660 nm= 1.4 and sugar contents 3 mM/mL). The final algae biomass was converted to algae juice through a specific pretreatment method. The resulted algae Juice was used as a substrate in fermentation process. Highest yield of bioethanol (50 mM/mL) was detected whenBrettanomyces custersainus,Saccharomyces cerevisiae, andPichia stipitiswere used in combinations for fermentation process as compared to their individual fermentation. The results indicated the influence of different factors on the growth rate and carbohydrates productivity ofM. aeruginosaand its feasibility as a feedstock for fermentative ethanol production.

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Raven, John A. "Implications of inorganic carbon utilization: ecology, evolution, and geochemistry." Canadian Journal of Botany 69, no. 5 (May 1, 1991): 908–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b91-118.

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CO2-concentrating mechanisms based on active inorganic C influx across a membrane (or membranes) are widespread in aquatic phototrophs. They are apparently absent from, or poorly developed in, taxa such as bryophytes and freshwater red algae, but are retained in some terrestrial phototrophs, i.e., some lichens and free-living algae and cyanobacteria related to the lichen photobionts. The natural occurrence of CO2-concentrating mechanisms is negatively correlated with CO2 enrichment of aquatic habitats from respiration of organic C produced elsewhere and, less clearly, with low temperatures during the growing season, with low external pH, and with rapid water movement over the plant surface. Predictions based on laboratory data and on theoretical considerations as to the influence of light, nitrogen, and iron availability on the occurrence of CO2-concentrating mechanisms have yet to be rigorously tested in the field. The evolution of CO2-concentrating mechanisms is not well understood, but clearly the location of inorganic C pumps must have been influenced by successive symbiotic events. Increasing atmospheric CO2 levels, and other anthropogenic effects (acidification, eutrophication), may influence the selective advantage (or disadvantage) associated with possession of CO2-concentrating mechanisms in particular environments. Key words: bicarbonate, CO2-concentrating mechanisms, iron, light, nitrogen, unstirred layers.

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Kozono, Jumpei, Gregory N. Nishihara, Hikaru Endo, and Ryuta Terada. "The temperature and light responses on the photosynthesis of two freshwater red algae, Virescentia helminthosa and Sheathia arcuata (Batrachospermaceae), from Japan." Journal of Applied Phycology 32, no. 2 (January 7, 2020): 1341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10811-019-01967-7.

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Xie, Shulian, Mingyu Qiu, Fangru Nan, Kunpeng Fang, and Jinfen Han. "Batrachospermales (Rhodophyta) of China: a catalogue and bibliography." Nova Hedwigia 110, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 37–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/nova_hedwigia/2020/0565.

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A catalogue and bibliography of Batrachospermales (Rhodophyta) in China is presented. There are 33 species belonged to 10 genera and 2 families. Species distribution among the 10 gen- era are as follows: Batrachospermum, 6; Kumanoa, 10; Montagnia, 1; Nothocladus, 1; Sheathia, 3; Sirodotia, 4; Torularia, 1; Virescentia, 1; Lemanea, 4; and Paralemanea, 2. According to geo- graphical distribution, the members of Batrachospermales in China are composed of 3 types: cos- mopolitan (distributed on at least 5 continents or 10 countries of the world), 6 taxa; regionally dis- tributed (distributed in no more than 4 continents or 10 countries), 15 taxa; and endemic to China (collected, described and reported only from China), 12 taxa. Most species were distributed in East and Southwest China, up to or more than 20 species. Eight species were recorded in North and Central China, respectively. Only 1 or 2 species were found in Northeast and South China, respec- tively. However, no one has been found in the northwest China so far. Thirteen species of Batra- chospermales in China have been confirmed by morphological characteristics combining with mo- lecular data. But unfortunately, the other species are unable to obtain molecular data because fresh collections are not available, which need to be confirmed or rejected in future studies. Kylin, H. (1912): Studien über die schwedischen Arten der Gattung Batrachospermum Roth und Sirodotia nov. gen. – Nova Acta Reg. Soc. Sci. Upsal., Series 4, 3 (3): 1–40. Li, L. C. (1939): Freshwater algae of Yunnan expedition 1935–1937. – Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. Series 9: 31–57. Li, L. C. (1940): Additions to the freshwater algae of Yunnan. – Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot. Series 10: 47–67. Li, Q. & Xie, S. L. (2009): Studies on intraspecific variation of Batrachospermum gelatinosum (Rhodophyta). – J. Shanx. Univ. (Nat. Sci. Ed.) 32 (S1): 113–115. Li, Q., Ji, L. & Xie, S. L. (2010): Phylogenetic analysis of Batrachospemales (Florideophyceae, Rhodophyta) based on chloroplast rbc L sequences. – Acta Hydrobiol. Sin. 34 (1): 20–28. Liao, L. M. (2010): Nomenclatural notes on some Philippine species of freshwater red algae (Rhodophyta). – Phil. J. Syst. Biol. 4: 89–94. Linnaeus, C. (1753): Species Plantarum, Vol. 2. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae. Luo, A. G., Hu, B. F. & Xie, S. L. (2009): A preliminary study on the alage in Jinci Park, Shanxi Province. – J. Jinzh. Univ. 26 (3): 51–54, 85. Lyons, T. W., Reinhard, C. T. & Planavsky, N. J. (2014): The rise of oxygen in Earth's early ocean and atmosphere. – Nature 506 (7488): 307–315. McNeey, J. A. (1994): Protected areas for the 21st century: working to provide benefits to society. – Biodivers. Conserv. 3 (5): 390–405. Montagne, C. (1850): Cryptogamia Guyanensis, seu plantarum cellularium in Guyana gallica annis 1835–1849 a Cl. Leprieur collectarum enumeratio universalis. – Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Trois. Série 14: 83–309. Nan, F. R., Feng, J. & Xie, S. L. (2014a): Phylogenetic relationship of genus Kumanoa (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta) based on chloroplast UPA genes. – Bull. Bot. Res. 34 (5): 584–591. Nan, F. R., Feng, J. & Xie, S. L. (2014b): Advances on systematics of Kumanoa (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta). – World Sci.-Tech. Res. Devel. 36 (3): 33–39. Nan, F. R., Feng, J. & Xie, S. L. (2015): Phylogenetic analysis of genus Kumanoa based on chloroplast psa A and psb A genes. – Acta Hydrobiol. Sin. 39 (1): 155–163.

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Lu, Xudan, Fangru Nan, Jia Feng, Junping Lv, Qi Liu, Xudong Liu, and Shulian Xie. "Effects of Different Environmental Factors on the Growth and Bioactive Substance Accumulation of Porphyridium purpureum." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (March 26, 2020): 2221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072221.

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Genus Porphyridium is a primitive single-celled red algae widely distributed in seawater, freshwater, and moist soil. It can synthesize bioactive substances such as phycoerythrin, extracellular polysaccharides and polyunsaturated fatty acids during the growth process. In this paper, the culture and bioactive substance yield of Porphyridium purpureum were studied by setting salinity, nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio, and pH at different gradient levels. The results showed that the optimal conditions for the growth of P. purpureum were salinity 34 ppt, nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio 169:1, and pH 8; the optimal conditions for obtaining the polysaccharides were salinity 17 ppt, nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio 14:1, and pH 8; the optimal conditions for obtaining phycoerythrin were salinity 17 ppt, nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio 68:1, and pH 8; the optimal conditions for obtaining the lipids were salinity 34 ppt, nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio 1:1, and pH 8. In actual production applications, culture conditions should be set according to different product accumulation purposes in order to achieve the optimal production efficiency.

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HAN, JIN-FEN, FANG-RU NAN, JIA FENG, JUN-PING LV, QI LIU, XU-DONG LIU, and SHU-LIAN XIE. "Affinities of four freshwater putative “Chantransia” stages (Rhodophyta) in Southern China from molecular and morphological data." Phytotaxa 441, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.441.1.4.

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Four putative “Chantransia” isolates were collected from four locations in Hubei and Yunnan Provinces, China. Morphological analyses were conducted on all isolates. Two specimens (HB26 and YN2) fit the morphological description of A. pygmaea, while the other two isolates (YN1 and YN3) varied in morphology, but were within the circumscription of Audouinella hermannii. Due to the fact that the morphological characters of the “Chantransia” stages of order Batrachospermales and the species of genus Audouinella are too similar to be distinguished, a molecular analysis was performed to clarify the phylogenetic position of these four isolates based on rbcL and psbA sequences. Two “pygmaea” specimens collected from Jiugong Mountain, Hubei Province (HB26) and Shimen Gorge, Yunnan Province (YN2), such as S. jiugongshanensis and S. shimenxiaensis, are proposed primarily based on the DNA sequence data generated in this study. The description of these two new species provides more molecular data for phylogenetic analysis of the genus Sheathia. In addition to these newly described species, the results strongly support that those “hermannii” isolates (YN1 and YN3) collected from Yunnan Province were the “Chantransia” of S. arcuata. However, their gametophyte stages have not been found, meaning that critical diagnostic morphological features were unavailable and molecular methods were the only means for ascertaining their phylogenetic position. Considering the extensive application of the rbcL and psbA genes in phylogenetic analyses of freshwater red algae, we recommend using these two genes to identify species when no morphological characteristics are available.

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Kwandrans, Janina, and Pertti Eloranta. "Tuomeya americana - a freshwater red alga new to Europe." Algological Studies/Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Supplement Volumes 74 (September 30, 1994): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/algol_stud/74/1994/27.

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Kirkwood, Andrea E., Troina Shea, Leland J. Jackson, and Edward McCauley. "Didymosphenia geminata in two Alberta headwater rivers: an emerging invasive species that challenges conventional views on algal bloom development." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 64, no. 12 (December 1, 2007): 1703–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f07-152.

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The diatom Didymosphenia geminata (Bacillariophyceae) has garnered increased attention as a nuisance and invasive species in freshwater systems. Historically described as rare yet cosmopolitan, a suspected new variant of D. geminata has the capacity to inundate kilometres of river bottom during a bloom. Unlike most other bloom-forming algae, D. geminata proliferates under high water quality (i.e., low turbidity and low nutrient) conditions. To inform management strategies, the environmental factors and conditions that promote bloom events must be ascertained. Our study of the Bow and Red Deer rivers in southern Alberta, Canada, provides supporting evidence that the mean flow regime is associated with bloom development, based on a significant negative relationship detected between D. geminata biomass and mean discharge (r2 = 0.30). While flow regulation by dams can create the stable flow environment preferred by D. geminata, our results indicate that flow regime (rather than just proximity to dam outflows) is the likely mechanism, in addition to other environmental factors, such as water clarity, temperature, pH, conductivity, and total phosphorus. We discuss the formidable challenges to D. geminata management, particularly along unregulated river reaches, yet also recognize the unique research opportunities that this organism poses for the growing field of invasion biology.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Freshwater red algae'

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