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Journal articles on the topic 'Friesian horses'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Ploeg, M., A. Gröne, V. Saey, C. M. de Bruijn, W. Back, P. R. van Weeren, W. Scheideman, et al. "Esophageal Dysfunction in Friesian Horses." Veterinary Pathology 52, no. 6 (November 3, 2014): 1142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985814556780.

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2

Saey, V. "Aortic rupture in Friesian horses." Equine Veterinary Education 28, no. 2 (August 1, 2015): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eve.12422.

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3

Vercauteren, G., V. Saey, G. van Loon, M. De Bruijn, C. Delasalle, and K. Chiers. "Aortopulmonary Fistula in Friesian Horses." Journal of Comparative Pathology 143, no. 4 (November 2010): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2010.09.133.

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4

Ploeg, M., A. Gröne, C. H. A. Lest, V. Saey, L. Duchateau, P. Wolsein, K. Chiers, et al. "Differences in extracellular matrix proteins between Friesian horses with aortic rupture, unaffected Friesians and Warmblood horses." Equine Veterinary Journal 49, no. 5 (January 12, 2017): 609–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/evj.12654.

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5

Ploeg, M., A. Gröne, V. Saey, C. M. de Bruijn, W. Back, P. R. van Weeren, and C. Delesalle. "Morphological characterization of megaoesophagus in friesian horses." Journal of Comparative Pathology 152, no. 1 (January 2015): 69–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2014.10.123.

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6

BACK, W., J. J. LUGT, P. G. J. NIKKELS, A. J. M. BELT, J. H. KOLK, and T. A. E. STOUT. "Phenotypic diagnosis of dwarfism in six Friesian horses." Equine Veterinary Journal 40, no. 3 (May 2008): 282–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2746/042516408x278201.

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7

Utter, M. E., and K. L. Wotman. "Distichiasis causing recurrent corneal ulceration in two Friesian horses." Equine Veterinary Education 24, no. 11 (November 29, 2011): 556–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3292.2011.00336.x.

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8

Affolter, Verena K., Brittany Dalley, Philip H. Kass, Emily A. Brown, Claudia Sonder, and Dannika L. Bannasch. "Chronic progressive lymphoedema in Friesian horses: suggestive phenotype of affected horses and genome‐wide association study." Veterinary Dermatology 31, no. 3 (January 6, 2020): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vde.12831.

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9

Saey, V., N. Famaey, M. Smoljkic, G. van Loon, R. Ducatelle, L. Duchateau, M. Ploeg, C. Delesalle, and K. Chiers. "Comparison of Thoracic Aortic Biomechanical Properties in Friesian and Warmblood Horses." Journal of Comparative Pathology 152, no. 1 (January 2015): 58–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2014.10.071.

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10

Voskamp, J. P., M. Van Dierendonck, F. Houterman, I. Hellinga, and W. Back. "The use of objective evaluation of the locomotor performance of friesian horses." Journal of Veterinary Behavior 8, no. 2 (March 2013): e22-e23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2012.12.051.

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11

Komine, M., I. M. Langohr, and M. Kiupel. "Megaesophagus in Friesian Horses Associated With Muscular Hypertrophy of the Caudal Esophagus." Veterinary Pathology 51, no. 5 (November 13, 2013): 979–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985813511126.

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12

Sample, Saundra H., Katherine M. Fox, Denise Wunn, Elizabeth Roth, and Kristen R. Friedrichs. "Hematologic and biochemical reference intervals for adult Friesian horses from North America." Veterinary Clinical Pathology 44, no. 2 (February 26, 2015): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12248.

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13

Saey, V., T. Vandecasteele, P. Cornillie, G. van Loon, R. Ducatelle, and K. Chiers. "Three Dimensional Replication of Aortopulmonary Fistulas in Friesian Horses Using Vascular Casting." Journal of Comparative Pathology 154, no. 1 (January 2016): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.10.006.

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14

Vera, Lisse, Dominique De Clercq, Glenn Van Steenkiste, Annelies Decloedt, Koen Chiers, and Gunther Loon. "Differences in ultrasound‐derived arterial wall stiffness parameters and noninvasive blood pressure between Friesian horses and Warmblood horses." Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 34, no. 2 (March 2020): 893–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15705.

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15

de Meeûs d’Argenteuil, Constance, Berit Boshuizen, Maarten Oosterlinck, Don van de Winkel, Ward De Spiegelaere, Cornelis Marinus de Bruijn, Klara Goethals, Katrien Vanderperren, and Cathérine John Ghislaine Delesalle. "Flexibility of equine bioenergetics and muscle plasticity in response to different types of training: An integrative approach, questioning existing paradigms." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 13, 2021): e0249922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249922.

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Equine bioenergetics have predominantly been studied focusing on glycogen and fatty acids. Combining omics with conventional techniques allows for an integrative approach to broadly explore and identify important biomolecules. Friesian horses were aquatrained (n = 5) or dry treadmill trained (n = 7) (8 weeks) and monitored for: evolution of muscle diameter in response to aquatraining and dry treadmill training, fiber type composition and fiber cross-sectional area of the M. pectoralis, M. vastus lateralis and M. semitendinosus and untargeted metabolomics of the M. pectoralis and M. vastus lateralis in response to dry treadmill training. Aquatraining was superior to dry treadmill training to increase muscle diameter in the hindquarters, with maximum effect after 4 weeks. After dry treadmill training, the M. pectoralis showed increased muscle diameter, more type I fibers, decreased fiber mean cross sectional area, and an upregulated oxidative metabolic profile: increased β-oxidation (key metabolites: decreased long chain fatty acids and increased long chain acylcarnitines), TCA activity (intermediates including succinyl-carnitine and 2-methylcitrate), amino acid metabolism (glutamine, aromatic amino acids, serine, urea cycle metabolites such as proline, arginine and ornithine) and xenobiotic metabolism (especially p-cresol glucuronide). The M. vastus lateralis expanded its fast twitch profile, with decreased muscle diameter, type I fibers and an upregulation of glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathway activity, and increased branched-chain and aromatic amino acid metabolism (cis-urocanate, carnosine, homocarnosine, tyrosine, tryptophan, p-cresol-glucuronide, serine, methionine, cysteine, proline and ornithine). Trained Friesians showed increased collagen and elastin turn-over. Results show that branched-chain amino acids, aromatic amino acids and microbiome-derived xenobiotics need further study in horses. They feed the TCA cycle at steps further downstream from acetyl CoA and most likely, they are oxidized in type IIA fibers, the predominant fiber type of the horse. These study results underline the importance of reviewing existing paradigms on equine bioenergetics.

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16

Schurink, Shrestha, Eriksson, Bosse, Bovenhuis, Back, Johansson, and Ducro. "The Genomic Makeup of Nine Horse Populations Sampled in the Netherlands." Genes 10, no. 6 (June 25, 2019): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10060480.

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The spectrum of modern horse populations encompasses populations with a long history of development in isolation and relatively recently formed types. To increase our understanding of the evolutionary history and provide information on how to optimally conserve or improve these populations with varying development and background for the future, we analyzed genotype data of 184 horses from 9 Dutch or common horse populations in the Netherlands: The Belgian draft horse, Friesian horse, Shetland pony, Icelandic horse, Gelder horse, Groninger horse, harness horse, KWPN sport horse and the Lipizzaner horse population. Various parameters were estimated (e.g., runs of homozygosity and FST values) to gain insight into genetic diversity and relationships within and among these populations. The identified genomic makeup and quantified relationships did mostly conform to the development of these populations as well as past and current breeding practices. In general, populations that allow gene-flow showed less inbreeding and homozygosity. Also, recent bottlenecks (e.g., related to high selective pressure) caused a larger contribution of long ROHs to inbreeding. Maintaining genetic diversity through tailor-made breeding practices is crucial for a healthy continuation of the investigated, mostly inbred and (effectively) small sized horse populations, of which several already experience inbreeding related issues.

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17

Lassaline-Utter, Mary, Anne J. Gemensky-Metzler, Nicole M. Scherrer, Riccardo Stoppini, Claire A. Latimer, Nicole E. MacLaren, and Kathern E. Myrna. "Corneal dystrophy in Friesian horses may represent a variant of pellucid marginal degeneration." Veterinary Ophthalmology 17 (March 6, 2014): 186–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vop.12152.

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18

Beaulieu, Alexandra, Luiza Stachewski Zakia, Latasha Ludwig, Daniel Kenney, Emily Rätsep, and Stephanie Nykamp. "Oesophageal muscular hypertrophy and pulsion diverticulum in a Friesian horse." Veterinary Record Case Reports 8, no. 3 (September 2020): e001093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vetreccr-2020-001093.

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A 13-year-old Friesian stallion was referred for evaluation of acute coughing and bilateral nasal discharge. Thoracic radiographs revealed dilation of the terminal portion of the oesophagus, forming a thin-walled outpouching containing soft tissue opaque material and gas. A diagnosis of oesophageal obstruction with an impacted diverticulum was made. Caudal oesophageal muscularis hypertrophy and an impacted oesophageal diverticulum were found on postmortem examination. Histological abnormalities included a thick caudal oesophageal tunica muscularis and an oesophageal diverticulum composed of mucosa, submucosa and adventitia. Muscular hypertrophy of the oesophagus with diverticulum formation should be considered in Friesian horses presenting with clinical signs of oesophageal obstruction. In this case, thoracic radiographs contributed to a premortem diagnosis, guided medical management and provided information on prognosis. Thoracic radiography can be used as a complementary test in the diagnosis of oesophageal obstruction when endoscopy is available and is a useful diagnostic alternative when endoscopy is not an option.

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19

Putnová, L., R. Štohl, and I. Vrtková. "Using nuclear microsatellite data to trace the gene flow and population structure in Czech horses." Czech Journal of Animal Science 64, No. 2 (February 13, 2019): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2/2018-cjas.

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Based on a data set comprising 2879 animals and 17 nuclear microsatellite DNA markers, we propose the most comprehensive in-depth study mapping the genetic structure and specifying the assignment success rates in horse breeds at the Czech population scale. The STRUCTURE program was used to perform systematic Bayesian clustering via the Markov chain Monte Carlo estimation, enabling us to explain the population stratification and to identify genetic structure patterns within breeds worldwide. In total, 182 different alleles were found over all the populations and markers, with the mean number of 10.7 alleles per locus. The expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.459 (Friesian) to 0.775 (Welsh Part Bred), and the average level reached 0.721. The average observed heterozygosity corresponded to 0.709, with the highest value detected in the Czech Sport Pony (0.775). The largest number of private alleles was found in Equus przewalskii. The population inbreeding coefficient F<sub>IS</sub> ranged from –0.08 in the Merens to 0.14 in the Belgian Warmblood. The total within-population inbreeding coefficient was estimated to be moderate. As expected, very large genetic differentiation and small gene flow were established between the Friesian and Equus przewalskii (F<sub>ST </sub>= 0.37, Nm = 0.43). Zero F<sub>ST</sub> values indicated no differences between the Czech Warmblood–Slovak Warmblood and the Czech Warmblood–Bavarian Warmblood. A high level of breeding and connectivity was revealed between the Slovak Warmblood–Bavarian Warmblood, Dutch Warmblood–Oldenburg Horse, Bavarian Warmblood–Dutch Warmblood, and Bavarian Warmblood–Oldenburg Horse. The breeds’ contribution equalled about 6% of the total genetic variability. The overall proportion of individuals correctly assigned to a population corresponded to 82.4%. The posterior Bayesian approach revealed a hierarchical dynamic genetic structure in four clusters (hot-blooded, warm-blooded, cold-blooded, and pony). While most of the populations were genetically distinct from each other and well-arranged with solid breed structures, some of the entire sets showed signs of admixture and/or fragmentation.

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20

Vernemmen, Ingrid, Lisse Vera, Glenn Van Steenkiste, Gunther van Loon, and Annelies Decloedt. "Reference values for 2‐dimensional and M‐mode echocardiography in Friesian and Warmblood horses." Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 34, no. 6 (October 24, 2020): 2701–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15938.

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21

Orr, N., W. Back, J. Gu, P. Leegwater, P. Govindarajan, J. Conroy, B. Ducro, et al. "Genome-wide SNP association-based localization of a dwarfism gene in Friesian dwarf horses." Animal Genetics 41 (November 10, 2010): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.2010.02091.x.

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22

Vincze, Boglárka, András Gáspárdy, Levente Kovács, Ervin Albert, Luca Kézér, Ferenc Baska, and Ottó Szenci. "Applicability of fetal thoracic aortic diameter measurement in the prediction of birth weight in Holstein-Friesian cows — Short communication." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 65, no. 1 (March 2017): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/004.2017.006.

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Transabdominal ultrasonography has been shown to be a useful and reliable method for assessing fetal well-being in horses and cattle. To test the applicability of fetal aortic diameter measurement in cattle, 44 late-term pregnant cows and heifers were examined 21 to 0 days prior to calving. Mean fetal aortic diameter was 2.07 ± 0.14 cm and mean fetal heart rate (FHR) was 109 ± 17 bpm. Three dead calves were dissected and their aortic diameter was measured in a water bath. The mean birth weight (n = 44) was 39.9 ± 5.8 kg. There was a significant negative correlation between FHR and fetal aortic diameter. However, although some studies have shown that fetal aortic diameter strongly correlates with birth weight in near-term horses and cattle, in this study there was no correlation between fetal aortic diameter and birth weight in Holstein-Friesian cows and heifers irrespective of whether the fetus was born alive or dead.

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23

Schurink, Anouk, Sabrina C. Podesta, Bart J. Ducro, Johan A. M. van Arendonk, and Klaas Frankena. "Risk factors for insect bite hypersensitivity in Friesian horses and Shetland ponies in The Netherlands." Veterinary Journal 195, no. 3 (March 2013): 382–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.06.037.

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24

Munsters, Carolien C. B. M., Jan van den Broek, René van Weeren, and Marianne M. Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan. "Young Friesian horses show familial aggregation in fitness response to a 7-week performance test." Veterinary Journal 198, no. 1 (October 2013): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.07.023.

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25

Munsters, C., J. van den Broek, R. van Weeren, and M. Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan. "Young Friesian Horses Show Familial Aggregation in Fitness Response to a 7-Week Performance Test." Equine Veterinary Journal 46 (June 2014): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/evj.12267_23.

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26

de Bruijn, M., G. van Loon, M. Ploeg, A. Gröne, D. De Clercq, A. Decloedt, R. van Weeren, W. Back, and C. Delesalle. "Use of Transoesophageal Ultrasound to Visualise the Aortopulmonary Region in two Normal Friesian Horses and Three Friesians with Aortic Rupture or Aortopulmonary Fistulation." Equine Veterinary Journal 45 (September 2013): 11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/evj.12145_28.

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27

Saey, V., M. Ploeg, C. Delesalle, G. van Loon, A. Gröne, R. Ducatelle, L. Duchateau, and K. Chiers. "Morphometric Properties of the Thoracic Aorta of Warmblood and Friesian Horses with and without Aortic Rupture." Journal of Comparative Pathology 154, no. 2-3 (February 2016): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.02.001.

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28

Barreiro-Vázquez, J. Daniel, Marta Miranda, and Andrés Barreiro-Lois. "Transabdominal Renal Doppler Ultrasound in Healthy Adult Holstein-Friesian Cows: A Pilot Study." Animals 11, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11010063.

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There is a notable lack of reference values for the renal resistive indices in the bovine kidney. Ultrasound (US) Doppler evaluation of these indices is a powerful, non-invasive technique for assessing, monitoring and diagnosing renal diseases in humans and other animals (e.g., small animals and horses). The aims of the present study were to establish a protocol for renal Doppler US in adult healthy Holstein-Friesian cows and to provide reference values for the renal resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI). In cattle, the right kidney is always visible through a right abdominal window. Nevertheless, the left kidney is rarely accessible by transabdominal ultrasound. Doppler evaluation of the kidneys via a transabdominal approach is possible when accessible, but measurements can only be made in the larger vessels at the renal hilum. Normal RI and PI values were respectively 0.49 ± 0.07 and 0.70 ± 0.15 for the right kidney and 0.53 ± 0.05 and 0.79 ± 0.11 for the left kidney. We suggest an upper cut-off value for the RI of 0.63 and for the PI of 1.00 in healthy Holstein-Friesian cows. This is the first report describing normal values for the renal RI and PI in cattle that may be useful in future studies for characterizing different bovine pathologies that affect the renal parenchyma.

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29

Fazio, Esterina, Pietro Medica, Francesca Aveni, and Adriana Ferlazzo. "The Potential Role of Training Sessions on the Temporal and Spatial Physiological Patterns in Young Friesian Horses." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 47 (December 2016): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2016.07.009.

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30

Tóth, Péter, Grace Hinton, Csaba Horváth, Viktória Ferencz, Balázs Tóth, Ottó Szenci, and Gábor Bodó. "Bone mineral density and computer tomographic measurements in correlation with failure strength of equine metacarpal bones." Acta Veterinaria Brno 83, no. 1 (2014): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201483010045.

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Information regarding bone mineral density and fracture characteristics of the equine metacarpus are lacking. The aim of this study was to characterize the relationship between mechanical properties of the equine metacarpal bone and its biomechanical and morphometric properties. Third metacarpal bones were extracted from horses euthanized unrelated to musculoskeletal conditions. In total, bone specimens from 26 front limbs of 13 horses (7.8 ± 5.8 years old) including Lipizzaner (n = 5), Hungarian Warmblood (n = 2), Holsteiner (n = 2), Thoroughbred (n = 1), Hungarian Sporthorse (n = 1), Friesian (n = 1), and Shagya Arabian (n = 1) were collected. The horses included 7 mares, 4 stallions and 2 geldings. Assessment of the bone mineral density of the whole bone across four specific regions of interest was performed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The bones were scanned using a computer tomographic scanner to measure cross-sectional morphometric properties such as bone mineral density and cross-sectional dimensions including cortical area and cortical width. Mechanical properties (breaking force, bending strength, elastic modulus) were determined by a 3-point bending test. Significant positive linear correlations were found between the breaking force and bone mineral density of the entire third metacarpal bones (P < 0.001, r = 0.72), the medial cortex region of interest (P < 0.001, r = 0.68) and the transverse region of interest (P < 0.001, r = 0.61). The correlation between the breaking force and bone mineral density of the equine third metacarpal bone found in this study warrants in vivo investigations.

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31

DARADICS, Zsofia, Mirela Alexandra RUS, Antonia POPA, Cristian M. CRECAN, Cosmin P. PEȘTEAN, Mircea MIRCEAN, Cornel CĂTOI, and Iancu MORAR. "Acute Renal Failure and Laminitis Following Cesarean Section in a Friesian Mare. A Case Report." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine 78, no. 1 (May 14, 2021): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2020.0033.

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The term dystocia refers to an abnormal birth and the most common cause is an abnormal alignment of the head or forelimbs in the birth canal. Usually in adult horses, acute renal failure occurs as a complication of another disease process that causes hypovolemia . Diarrhea and severe laminitis may develop in more serious cases. The aim of this case report was to present a cesarean section in the mare that evolved with renal failure and subsequent with laminitis. A nine year old Friesian mare was referred to the Veterinary teaching hospital FMV Cluj-Napoca, after a dystocia that could not be resolved conservatively.During surgery, profuse hemorrhage was noticed during the incision and suture of the uterine wall. Hypovolemia was corrected and recovery was uneventful. Two days after surgery, the mare developed acute hyposthenuric renal failure. After 3 days of intensive therapy, kidney function started to improve but the mare developed laminitis. The mare improved over a few weeks and was discharged after orthopedic shoeing. According to the author’s knowledge, this is the first case report of a cesarean section in the mare that evolved into this cascade of sequelae.

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32

Alberi, Coral, Erin Hisey, Mary Lassaline, Alyssa Atilano, Theodore Kalbfleisch, Riccardo Stoppini, Hanneke Hermans, Willem Back, Michael J. Mienaltowski, and Rebecca R. Bellone. "Ruling out BGN variants as simple X-linked causative mutations for bilateral corneal stromal loss in Friesian horses." Animal Genetics 49, no. 6 (September 23, 2018): 656–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/age.12726.

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33

Ayala-Valdovinos, Miguel Angel, Jorge Galindo-García, David Sánchez-Chiprés, and Theodor Duifhuis-Rivera. "Genotyping of friesian horses to detect a hydrocephalus-associated c.1423C>T mutation in B3GALNT2 using PCR-RFLP and PCR-PIRA methods: Frequency in stallion horses in México." Molecular and Cellular Probes 32 (April 2017): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mcp.2016.12.005.

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34

GREVENHOF, E. M., B. DUCRO, H. C. M. HEUVEN, and P. BIJMA. "Identification of environmental factors affecting the prevalence of insect bite hypersensitivity in Shetland ponies and Friesian horses in the Netherlands." Equine Veterinary Journal 39, no. 1 (January 2007): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2746/042516407x153020.

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35

Popadiuk, B., and S. Holopura. "Validation of a portable ECG monitor for the diagnosis of arrhythmias in horses compared to a standard electrocardiograph." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 22, no. 97 (May 7, 2020): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet9704.

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Electrocardiography (ECG) is a main diagnostic tool for diagnostics of rhythm disturbances. Since most pathological arrhythmias are only visible during movement and exercises the registration of exercising ECG becomes a mandatory diagnostic tool for monitoring of high-performance horses. Portable ECG monitor, developed together with specialists of National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” is an electrocardiograph with telemetric data transmission system and four electrodes providing six-lead real-time ECG recordings at rest and during exercise. The objective of current study was validation of portable ECG monitor for diagnostics of arrhythmias in horses compared to a standard electrocardiograph. With this aim the ECG was performed by both devices simultaneously on animals with normal rhythm and rhythm disturbances. The ECG traces were therefore analyzed and compared. 14 horses of Ukrainian riding, Friesian, and Arabian breeds were divided in two groups: experimental one with arrhythmias, and control one with normal rhythm. ECG was performed by both devices simultaneously during rest, exercise, and post-exercise period. Electrocardiographic parameters were measured manually using on-screen calipers. Obtained data was analyzed using GraphPad Prism software by linear regression method for continuous parameters (HR, duration of QRS complex, PR, and QT intervals, and amplitude of P and S waves). For nominal parameters (rhythm, excitability, and conduction disorders) the analysis of sensitivity and specificity was performed. A total of 196 ECG records were analysed. Electrocardiographic intervals had high correlation: for HR and PR interval the correlation coefficient amounted to 0.98, for QRS complex and QT interval – to 0.97, for P and S waves – to 0.96. Among detected rhythm disturbances were physiological (second degree AV block first Mobitz type and SA block) and pathological arrhythmias (SVT and SVPCs). The sensitivity and specificity for rhythm, excitability, and conduction disorders of the portable ECG monitor compared to a standard electrocardiograph was 100 %. The portable ECG monitor allows to easily perform ECG registration during rest and exercises and to detect arrhythmias and other ECG abnormalities with accuracy, compared to a standard electrocardiograph.

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36

Compagnie, Ellen, Frerik ter Braake, Natascha de Heer, and Willem Back. "Arthroscopic Removal of Large Extensor Process Fragments in 18 Friesian Horses: Long-Term Clinical Outcome and Radiological Follow-Up of the Distal Interphalangeal Joint." Veterinary Surgery 45, no. 4 (April 27, 2016): 536–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vsu.12478.

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37

Saey, V., K. D'Herde, M. Ploeg, K. Chiers, C. J. G. Delesalle, A. Gröne, W. Back, C. M. de Bruijn, G. van Loon, and R. Ducatelle. "Aortic Media Ultrastructure in a Healthy Friesian Horse and in a Friesian Horse with Aortopulmonary Fistula." Journal of Comparative Pathology 150, no. 1 (January 2014): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2013.11.056.

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38

Viljoen, A., M. N. Saulez, and J. Steyl. "Right subclavian artery anomaly in an adult Friesian horse." Equine Veterinary Education 24, no. 2 (August 4, 2011): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3292.2011.00263.x.

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39

Ploeg, M., V. Saey, C. Delesalle, A. Gröne, R. Ducatelle, M. de Bruijn, W. Back, P. R. van Weeren, G. van Loon, and K. Chiers. "Thoracic Aortic Rupture and Aortopulmonary Fistulation in the Friesian Horse." Veterinary Pathology 52, no. 1 (April 16, 2014): 152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985814528219.

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Dietze, K., C. Kampmann, H. Kuiper, and M. Kuhn. "Sex reversal syndrome in a five year old Friesian horse." Pferdeheilkunde Equine Medicine 27, no. 1 (2011): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21836/pem20110106.

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Boerma, S., W. Back, and M. M. Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan. "The Friesian horse breed: A clinical challenge to the equine veterinarian?" Equine Veterinary Education 24, no. 2 (August 30, 2011): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3292.2011.00302.x.

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Sevinga, M., T. Vrijenhoek, J. W. Hesselink, H. W. Barkema, and A. F. Groen. "Effect of inbreeding on the incidence of retained placenta in Friesian horses1." Journal of Animal Science 82, no. 4 (April 1, 2004): 982–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ansci/82.4.982.

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Sevinga, M., T. Vrijenhoek, J. W. Hesselink, H. W. Barkema, and A. F. Groen. "Effect of inbreeding on the incidence of retained placenta in Friesian horses1." Journal of Animal Science 82, no. 4 (April 1, 2004): 982–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/2004.824982x.

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Ribonnet, C., V. Saey, R. Ducatelle, and K. Palmers. "Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia associated with chronic fibrosing mediastinitis in an Arabo-Friesian horse." Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 88, no. 5 (October 31, 2019): 278–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/vdt.v88i5.16000.

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In this report, a ten-year-old gelding with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia associated with chronic fibrosing mediastinitis of unknown origin is described. The patient suffered from chronic weight loss and intermittent diarrhea for already several months. He was presented with severe anemia, anorexia and fever of a 24-hour onset. A direct Coombs test was highly positive for IgG auto-agglutination. No evidence of an underlying process was found on clinical examination. Post-mortem examination revealed green liquid material containing food particles in the cranial mediastinum and histology suggested chronic fibrosing mediastinitis. Even though perforation of the esophagus is a plausible cause, no signs of esophageal rupture were noted on macroscopic examination. This case shows that non-responsive, immune-mediated hemolytic anemia can be due to an undetected underlying disease, such as chronic mediastinitis.

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Saey, V., K. Vanschandevijl, J. Dauvillier, A. Decloedt, K. Chiers, and G. van Loon. "Patent Ductus Arteriosus in an Adult Friesian Horse Complicated by Pulmonary Thromboarteritis and Lung Emboli." Journal of Comparative Pathology 154, no. 1 (January 2016): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.10.076.

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Casola, Christina, Simon A. Pot, Arnold Lavaud, and Katrin Voelter. "Corneal cross‐linking as a treatment for corneal dystrophy with secondary bacterial infection in a Friesian horse." Clinical Case Reports 8, no. 4 (April 2020): 709–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ccr3.2725.

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Hermans, H., and J. M. Ensink. "Treatment and long-term follow-up of distichiasis, with special reference to the Friesian horse: A case series." Equine Veterinary Journal 46, no. 4 (November 6, 2013): 458–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/evj.12157.

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Öktener, Ahmet, Murat Şirin, and Emrah Yurdigül. "Micropredator Behaviour of Rocinela dumerilii (Isopoda, Aegidae) on Trachurus trachurus in the Sea of Marmara (Turkey)." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 22, no. 2 (August 1, 2020): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/trser-2020-0011.

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Abstract Rocinela dumerilii (Lucas, 1849) is obtained on the horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Sea of Marmara, in Turkey. This species is a free-living organism from the Aegean Sea of Turkey, the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic. Its micropredator behaviour is discovered for the first time in this study. Elthusa sinuata (Koelbel, 1879) is also collected on the gill cavity of Fries’s goby, Lesueurigobius friesii (Malm, 1874) in this study. This host is a new record for Elthusa sinuata. The morphological characters of Rocinela dumerilii species are given by drawings.

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PLOEG, M., V. SAEY, C. M. de BRUIJN, A. GRÖNE, K. CHIERS, G. van LOON, R. DUCATELLE, P. R. van WEEREN, W. BACK, and C. DELESALLE. "Aortic rupture and aorto-pulmonary fistulation in the Friesian horse: Characterisation of the clinical and grosspost mortemfindings in 24 cases." Equine Veterinary Journal 45, no. 1 (May 20, 2012): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2012.00580.x.

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Bezdekova, B., M. Faldyna, O. Zapletal, and P. Jahn. "Acute B-lymphoid leukemia in a mare: a case report." Veterinární Medicína 54, No. 5 (June 1, 2009): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2924-vetmed.

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An 8-year-old Friesen mare was admitted to the Equine Clinic, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic with ventral edema and weight loss which had proceeded over the course of a few weeks. Clinical examination revealed poor body condition, depression, weakness, pale mucous membranes, enlarged mandibular lymph nodes and ventral edema. Thoracic percussion revealed fluid level reaching the shoulder on both sides. CBC revealed a severe disproportion of red and white cells. The horse was anemic and there was leucocytosis with the majority being blast cells (leucocyte concentration was 450.4 × 10<sup>9</sup>/l) which included mitotic figures. The serum chemistry profile revealed hypoalbuminemia and increased alkaline phosphatase bone isoenzyme (BALP was 784.3 μkat/l). Based on the number of precursors in the peripheral blood acute leukemia was diagnosed. The peripheral blood was examined by flow cytometry and cytochemistry. The final diagnosis was determined as acute B cell lymphoid leukemia. The mare was treated with corticosteroids. On the second day of treatment the white blood cell count and alkaline phosphatase level decreased. The improvement continued until the fifth day, when the mare’s status deteriorated and the horse was euthanized. Gross examination was carried out but no neoplastic mass was discovered. Final differentiation between primary and secondary lymphoid leukemia was not possible in this case.

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