Relevant bibliographies by topics / From UNCRC

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'From UNCRC'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "From UNCRC"

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Verdoodt, Valerie. "The Role of Children’s Rights in Regulating Digital Advertising." International Journal of Children’s Rights 27, no. 3 (2019): 455–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718182-02703002.

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An important domain in which children’s rights are reconfigured by internet use, is digital advertising. New advertising formats such as advergames, personalised and integrated advertising have permeated the online environments in which children play, communicate and search for information. The often immersive, interactive and increasingly personalised nature of these advertising formats makes it difficult for children to recognise and make informed and well-balanced commercial decisions. This raises particular issues from a children’s rights perspective, including, inter alia, their rights to development (Article 6, uncrc), privacy (Article 16, uncrc), protection against economic exploitation (Article 32, uncrc), freedom of thought (Article 17, uncrc) and education (Article 28, uncrc). The paper addresses this reconfiguration by translating the general principles and the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child into the specific context of digital advertising. Moreover, it considers the different dimensions of the rights (i.e. protection, participation and provision) and how the commercialisation affects children and how their rights are exercised.
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Shamseldin, Lisa. "Implementation of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989 in the Care and Protection of Unaccompanied Asylum Seeking Children: Findings from Empirical Research in England, Ireland and Sweden." International Journal of Children's Rights 20, no. 1 (2012): 90–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181811x570717.

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This article presents the findings of socio-legal comparative research into the implementation of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989 (UNCRC 1989) in the care and protection of unaccompanied asylum seeking children (UASC) in England, Ireland and Sweden. This article begins by giving the background to the research and explaining the empirical methods used. The findings are reported in relation to one primary research question: what are the key barriers to implementation of the UNCRC 1989 in the care and protection of UASC in England, Ireland and Sweden. Analysis of the empirical data identifies three key barriers to implementation: indeterminacy of the best interest principle, ill-defined and implemented special protection and assistance measures, and lack of defined service objectives. The article concludes with recommendations for the further development of the implementation of the UNCRC 1989 in the care and protection of UASC in the three states and more generally.
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I’Anson, John, Ann Quennerstedt, and Carol Robinson. "The International Economy of Children’s Rights: Issues in Translation." International Journal of Children’s Rights 25, no. 1 (2017): 50–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718182-02501004.

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The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (uncrc) is an international legal text that necessitates multiple translations into national policy contexts if it is to become mobilised within professional practice. The aim of this paper is to foreground this process of translation and to identify some of the limitations inherent within present mobilisations of the uncrc. On the basis of this diagnosis, we then raise a series of ethical considerations that might inform a more critical and open-ended approach. We characterise current approaches to mobilising the uncrc as an international economy of rights and we represent this diagrammatically. This economy, we contend, involves multiple translations of the uncrc text into a series of performative demands to which adults become accountable in situations of professional practice with children and young people. We then critically analyse this economy as presently instituted and point to a number of inherent limitations. We argue that a failure to address the issue of translation from legal text to relational practice has led to a technical resolution. The potential challenge of the uncrc as an authoritative text of critique is further weakened by the promotion of a consensus thinking that privileges agreement over the complexities associated with ethical thinking. In the light of this critique, the paper identifies new lines of questioning to inform debate concerning how a children’s rights agenda might be refracted differently in future.
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Strömpl, Judit, and Anna Markina. "Children’s Rights and the Juvenile Justice System in Estonia." Juridica International 25 (November 5, 2017): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/ji.2017.25.07.

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Approaching from the UN Convention of the Right of the Child (UNCRC) and the principle of best interest of the child is mandatory in all decision-makings in all EU countries. However, we can see notable contradictions between the articles of UNCRC, the best interest principle and the practice of juvenile justice systems almost in every EU member state. International organisations and national states make efforts to cross the contradictions and to guarantee the rights stated in the UNCRC. In this paper, we present some attempts to enhance the juvenile justice systems while focusing on Estonian case. Participation in two international action research projects enables authors to give an overview about the situation how the rights of Estonian children in detention are followed and what are the main tendencies in everyday practice.
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Scullion, Dianne. "Passive victims or empowered actors: Accommodating the needs of child domestic workers." International Journal of Children’s Rights 21, no. 1 (2013): 97–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718182-55680017.

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Legal regulation of child employment takes a particular focus, with concern surrounding children’s right to protection from exploitative work. Using domestic work as a case study, this article demonstrates that there is little or no consideration of the possibility that children discovered in domestic work, are there as a result of their own autonomous decision to enter what they view as an employment arrangement. Instead, there is often an assumption that these children have been trafficked. A child’s right to be heard under Article 12, UNCRC, and their right to protection from exploitative employment under Article 32, UNCRC, are relevant to this discussion, as are the decisions made for the child on the basis of their best interests under Article 3, UNCRC. An alternative approach is suggested which may help to empower children, enabling well-informed employment decisions to be made, rather than only ever treating them as passive victims.
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Kobayashi, Kazuma, Yasunori Emi, Yoshihiro Kakeji, et al. "Phase II study of combination therapy with S-1 and cetuximab in patients with KRAS wild-type unresectable colorectal cancer who had previously received irinotecan, oxaliplatin, and fluoropyrimidines (KSCC0901)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (2012): 3558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.3558.

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3558 Background: Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) antibodies alone or in combination with irinotecan (Iri) can be considered standard third-line therapy for KRAS wild-type (wKRAS) unresectable colorectal cancer (UNCRC). However, some UNCRC patients (pts) cannot tolerate Iri-containing therapy. S-1, an oral fluorouracil (FU) derivative, enhances the anti-tumor effect by inhibiting dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity and reducing digestive toxicity. Combination therapy with cetuximab (C-mab) may restore 5-FU resistance in 5-FU–resistant CCs. Therefore, we examined the efficacy of S-1+C-mab therapy in wKRAS UNCRC pts, who had previously received Iri, oxaliplatin (OX), and FUs. Methods: The study design was multicenter, single-arm, open-label phase II study. The major inclusion criteria were written informed consent; histologically proven CRC and clinically proven UNCRC; presence of measurable lesions; previous therapy with Iri, OX, and 5-FU; documented progressive disease after 5-FU–based chemotherapy; wKRAS tumors; age ≥ 20 years; performance status (PS) 0–1; and adequate organ function. The treatment protocol was as follows: weekly durable intravenous (DIV) C-mab administration at 400 mg/m2 (day 1) and 250 mg/m2/week (except day 1) and oral administration of 80 mg/m2/day S-1 on days 1–28 of each 42-day cycle. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). A sample size of 39 was planned for a threshold PFS of 3.5 months and expected value of 6.0 months, with one-sided alpha of 0.05 and beta of approximately 0.2. Results: One patient was ineligible; 38 pts (PS 0/1, 32/6; 1/2/>3 prior chemotherapy regimens, 4/23/11) were enrolled from 10/2009 to 12/2010. The median PFS (central review) was 5.5 months (90% CI: 4.4 – 5.7); median overall survival (OS), 13.1 months; and the best ORR, 36.8%. The most common grade 3–4 adverse events were neutrophils, hypokalemia, rash, and dry skin. Conclusions: This study showed that S-1+C-mab may be a promising and well-tolerated treatment choice of wKRAS UNCRC, who had previously heavily treated by Iri, OX and FUs.
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Bradwell, Marie. "Voice, views and the UNCRC Articles 12 and 13." Journal of Early Childhood Research 17, no. 4 (2019): 423–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476718x19875780.

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The voice of children aged 4 to 8 years is seldom heard in research circles, within the constraints of high-pressure academic model which is the current education system in England. Children are rarely listened to but expected to listen in the current normative societal cycle. This deficiency of active listening as an everyday occurrence impacts on children’s Mental Health. This article will give reference to an original empirical study, Hear Me and Listen. This study carried out in 2018 highlights the minimalistic practice of listening to children aged 4 to 8 years in the everyday. The research method used consisted of the Mosaic Approach. This approach provides various avenues for communication aside from the verbal. Data collected were analysed through a thematic approach. Themes which came from analysis included ‘This Is Me’, ‘Relationships’, ‘Environment’, ‘Curriculum’ and ‘Practitioners’. This article draws on this analysis and concludes that a change in the normative discourse of ‘hearing’ and not acting to one of ‘active listening’ and supporting is a path worth mapping.
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Minson, Shona. "Direct harms and social consequences: An analysis of the impact of maternal imprisonment on dependent children in England and Wales." Criminology & Criminal Justice 19, no. 5 (2018): 519–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895818794790.

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This article draws upon research with children whose mothers were imprisoned in England and Wales, to investigate the impacts of maternal imprisonment on dependent children. The research directly engaged with children, in accordance with Article 12 of the UNCRC 1989, and is set within an examination of the differentiated treatment in the family and criminal courts of England and Wales of children facing state initiated separation from a parent. The article explores children’s ‘confounding grief’ and contends that this grief originates from social processes, experienced as a consequence of maternal imprisonment. ‘Secondary prisonization’ is characterized by changes in home and caregiver and the regulation of the mother and child relationship. ‘Secondary stigmatization’ occurs when children are stigmatized by virtue of their relationship with their mother. These harms to children call into question the state’s fulfilment of its duty to protect children under Article 2 of the UNCRC 1989.
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Lewis, Alyson, Sian Sarwar, Jacky Tyrie, Jane Waters, and Swansea University. "Exploring the Extent of Enactment of Young Children's Rights in the Education System in Wales." Cylchgrawn Addysg Cymru / Wales Journal of Education 19, no. 2 (2017): 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.16922/wje.19.2.3.

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The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) (UNCRC) is the most widely ratified of all the human rights treaties. In contrast to recent UK-wide developments, the UNCRC has been vigorously taken up in post-devolution policy and law in Wales. The Assembly's stance on children's rights distinguishes Welsh policy from the rest of the UK and children's rights have been described as 'emblematic' of Welsh devolution. This paper presents the findings of a review of readily available empirically based literature that evidences the extent to which young children in Wales (aged three to seven) routinely access their rights in education settings. The findings are presented under eight themes and provide a picture of inconsistency as well as some positive indicators. Reasons for a limited, patchy and variable evidence base for the enactment of young children's right in education settings in Wales are considered, alongside recommendations for action that would seek to address such shortfalls.
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Abdullah, Alhassan, Ebenezer Cudjoe, and Margarita Frederico. "Barriers to Children's Participation in Child Protection Practice: The Views and Experiences of Practitioners in Ghana." Children Australia 43, no. 4 (2018): 267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2018.41.

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The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) includes provisions to ensure that children and young people have a say in decisions affecting their lives. Although a signatory to the UNCRC, Ghana is a nation where little empirical evidence has been gathered regarding the barriers that prevent children from participating in child protection. Thus, in this article, we report on findings from a qualitative study into the barriers to children's participation in child protection practice in Ghana. The study was based on qualitative interviews with 15 child protection practitioners, and a constructivist grounded theory approach was used to analyse data from the interviews. Intimidation, parental influence, communication problems, and confidentiality were identified as barriers to promoting participatory practices for children in the child protection process. The study findings suggest that engaging with children in separate rooms or spaces, away from the presence of parents and other adults, could help practitioners promote children's participation. It is recommended that practitioners should upgrade their skills for working with children by taking part in in-service training, workshops, and seminars to help address issues with communication. Practical actions suggested in this study may also be useful for other practitioners addressing similar issues.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "From UNCRC"

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Bashatah, Lina. "Saudi researchers' perspectives on the ethics of children's participation in research : an exploration using Q-methodology." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/saudi-researchers-perspectives-on-the-ethics-of-childrens-participation-in-research-an-exploration-using-qmethodology(e25ecbec-1d73-45a2-b7ca-8a772b43da32).html.

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In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), little is known about Saudi educational researchers' perspectives concerning the issue of ethics when recruiting children to participate in research. It has come to light that researchers use children to collect their data from but do not give them the opportunity to express their wishes regarding participation in that research, and no ethical consent form is specifically required for children's use unless the topic of research is sensitive. Accordingly, in the context of KSA, this research aims at identifying and exploring educational researchers' perspectives about children's rights when conducting research with children. This research used two methods: Q-methodology and interview. Q-methodology was used to determine the viewpoints of educational researchers working in education departments at two universities in Riyadh city in the KSA (King Saud University and Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University). Fifty-two (52) female educational researchers sorted 54 Q-methodology statements, according to personal opinion, ranging from (+5) most agree to (-5) most disagree, while the interviews were conducted with three policymakers from the National Commission for Childhood and the Ministry of Education. Following analysis of the data, a number of findings were identified from the Q analysis, five factors, and the interview analysis: the need for more childhood and children's rights studies; the challenges facing researchers when including children as research participants; the weak belief pertaining to children's capabilities; the low level of awareness of children's participation rights and how the ethics process is in the KSA. These findings illustrate the acceptance of ethics as a process in research. Finally, the effectiveness of using Q-methodology as an approach was confirmed. This research is in a position to inform the Saudi research community and policymakers about current understandings and practices in terms of children's participation in research. The viewpoints that emerged strongly indicate agreement with the concept of ethics when children participate in research. Educational researchers call for ethics guidelines and for them to be compulsory in the KSA and, more significantly, policymakers support their demand.
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Books on the topic "From UNCRC"

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Nagoya), Joint Expert Group Workshop on Environmental Planning and Management for Local and Regional Development: Focus on Training Aspects Derived from Studies of Inland Water Management (1986 Otsu and. Training in environmental planning and management: Focus on inland waters : report and summary of proceedings of the UNCRD/ILEC/UNEP Joint Expert Group Workshop on Environmental Planning and Management for Local and Regional Development: Focus on Training Aspects Derived from Studies of Inland Water Management, Otsu and Nagoya, Japan, 10-21 November 1986. United Nations Centre for RegionalDevelopment, 1987.

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Minson, Shona. ‘The sins and traumas of fathers and mothers should not be visited on their children’. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810087.003.0009.

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This chapter focuses on the rights of dependent children when their parents are sentenced for criminal offences. It provides an introduction to the harms which children suffer as a consequence of the imprisonment of their parents. The chapter considers whether sentencers take into account the impacts of a custodial sentence on those children. It examines the application of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989 (UNCRC) to children whose parents are facing imprisonment due to criminal convictions. The way in which the rights of a child as specified in the UNCRC are given consideration in adult sentencing proceedings is examined and is contrasted with the treatment of children separated from their parents by the state. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the implications of disregarding the rights of children rather than adopting an approach which upholds their rights.
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Miles, Joanna, Rob George, and Sonia Harris-Short. Family Law. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198811848.001.0001.

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All books in this flagship series contain carefully selected substantial extracts from key cases, legislation, and academic debate, providing able students with a stand-alone resource. Drawing on extensive experience, the authors offer a detailed and authoritative exposition of family law illustrated by materials carefully selected from a wide range of sources. The book’s principal aims are to provide readers with a thorough understanding of family law, in a way that stimulates critical reflection. Readers are encouraged to consider how and why the law has developed as it has, what policies it is seeking to pursue, whether it achieves the right balance between the rights and interests of individual family members and the wider public interest, and how it operates in practice. This edition provides updates and revised discussion on: civil partnership after R (Steinfeld and Keidan) (2018); divorce law following Owens v Owens (2018) and the government’s consultation on reform; domestic abuse, including consultation ahead of the draft Domestic Abuse Bill and forced marriage; rights under the ECHR and UNCRC in children proceedings; surrogacy following Re Z (A Child) (No 2) (2016); child arrangements orders; specific issue and prohibited steps orders, including relocation law; local authority voluntary accommodation following Williams v London Borough of Hackney (2018). There is a new chapter dedicated to property and financial issues after the breakdown of relationships other than marriage and civil partnership. The introductory chapter, supported by materials on the Online Resources, considers some of the contemporary challenges faced by the family justice system.
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Michael, Kubiciel, and Rink Anna Cornelia. Part II UN Core Conventions on Transnational Organised Crime, 11 The United Nations Convention against Corruption and its Criminal Law Provisions. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198733737.003.0011.

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The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) from 2003 marks the peak of a broad international development in the fight against corruption, which started in the early 1990s. In recent years, it has been signed and ratified by an overwhelming majority of states. Although the UNCAC is not just a criminal law convention, but encompasses a multitude of rules on prevention, asset recovery, and international cooperation, it also includes a comprehensive arsenal of criminal law provisions. This chapter explores the origin of the UNCAC as a whole and the background and scope of all its criminal law provisions, both mandatory and discretionary.
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Payne, Cymie R. Developments in the Law of Environmental Reparations. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198784630.003.0015.

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The United Nations Compensation Commission (‘UNCC’) is a unique model for liability and compensation of environmental damage in an international context, influencing both jus in bello and jus post bellum. The UNCC provided a legal process that catalogued, assessed, and awarded money to pay to clean and repair the damaged soil, water, coastal ecosystems, and other harms resulting from the 1990–1 Gulf War. Its contributions include integration of environmental law principles into the reparations process; use of advanced techniques for assessment of environmental damage; and use of a multilateral process in a way that balanced confidentiality and transparency. The UNCC environmental programme, viewed as an innovative approach to justice after war, highlights the contribution that the environmental integrity norm can make.
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Dame Rosalyn, DBE, QC, Higgins, Webb Philippa, Akande Dapo, Sivakumaran Sandesh, and Sloan James. Part 4 Adjudication Within the United Nations System, 30 United Nations Compensation Commission. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198808312.003.0030.

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The United Nations Compensation Commission (UNCC), along with the United Nations Compensation Fund, was established by Security Council Resolution 692 (1991), acting under Chapter VII of the UN Charter. The UNCC is a very particular institution, one designed specifically to meet the realities of the situation arising out of Iraq’s invasion and occupation of Kuwait. As the Security Council had already determined Iraq’s liability, the role of the Commission related primarily to the verification of claims and making assessments as to compensation. This chapter discusses the UNCC’s establishment; its structure; categories of claims, all resulting from Iraq’s invasion and occupation of Kuwait from 2 August 1990 to 2 March 1991; payment to the Fund; and payment of claims.
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United Nations. Centre for Regional Development., ed. Expert Group Meeting on shelter and services for the poor in metropolitan regions: Report of the UNCRD international meeting held at Nagoya,Japan from 12-16 January 1987. United Nations Centre for Regional Development, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "From UNCRC"

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Holzscheiter, Anna. "Governing Children’s Rights in Global Social Policy—International Organizations and the Thin Line Between Child Protection and Empowerment." In International Organizations in Global Social Governance. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65439-9_6.

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AbstractThis chapter locates children’s rights in the context of global social governance. Social policy literature has hitherto neglected the centrality of child protection and children’s rights to many key areas of social governance such as education and healthcare. The chapter traces the history of children’s rights as a distinct sphere in international law from the first recognition of the special status of children, to the adoption of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), to the growth of the contemporary complex International Organization (IO) landscape. Children’s rights enjoy growing visibility and relevance and continue to be a cross-cutting issue in international organizations of all kinds, making them a central dimension of global social governance. Nonetheless, the chapter highlights that the growth of the children’s rights agenda has not been without conflict. International norms and measures surrounding children’s rights continue to be challenged and questioned by scholars and practitioners alike. Furthermore, the analysis of children’s rights provides opportunities to reconsider traditional approaches to global social policy.
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Krüger, Viggo. "Music as a structuring resource in identity formation processes by adolescents engaging in music therapy—a case study from a Norwegian child welfare setting." In Handbook of Music, Adolescents, and Wellbeing. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808992.003.0012.

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This chapter presents a case narrative to illustrate various aspects of working with children and adolescents in a Norwegian child welfare context. The sociocultural concept structuring resource is used to discuss the following research question: How can music function as a structuring resource in identity formation processes by adolescents using music therapy in a child welfare context? I present three different strategies that can be seen in relation to preparation of a United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child-oriented practice (UNCRC). First, I describe music therapy as a person-oriented strategy. Second, I propose a strategy of music therapy as a community-oriented strategy. The third strategy described is music therapy as citizen participation.
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Ardıç Çobaner, Aslıhan. "Representation of Syrian Children in Turkish Media From a Child-Oriented Rights Journalism Perspective." In Handbook of Research on Policies, Protocols, and Practices for Social Work in the Digital World. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7772-1.ch020.

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The starting point of this study is to reveal how Syrian children, who are still experiencing a vexed problem in Turkey and are thought to affect our immediate future, are represented in the newspapers. The most frequently used themes were identified in the news through qualitative content analysis, and by means of discourse analysis method, it was aimed to reveal the representations produced through discourses. The subject has been discussed from an interdisciplinary and critical perspective. It was an important finding in the news about these children that there is a lack of emphasis concerning children's rights and the perspective of children's rights which was stated in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), to which Turkey is a party. Although the lack of a rights-based perspective in the news in the study is notable, journalism guidelines respecting children's rights should be the basic principle in preparing news about children in general and Syrian children in particular.
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Miloon, Kothari. "Part V Institutions and Actors, Ch.25 From Commission to the Council: Evolution of UN Charter Bodies." In The Oxford Handbook of International Human Rights Law. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199640133.003.0026.

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This article examines the evolution of the United Nations� (UN) human rights agency from the UN Commission on Human Rights (UNCHR) into the UN Human Rights Council (UNHRC). It explains that UNHRC was created in March 2006 to replace the UNCHR and become the world�s premier human rights body. It evaluates the effectiveness of the UNHRC�s peer-review human rights mechanism called the Universal Periodic Review. This article also offers some suggestions on how to improve the performance of the UNHRC including changes in size and distribution of membership, membership criteria, voting patterns and participation of non-state actors.
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Ali, Arif H., and Marguerite C. Walter. "Principles of Valuation Taken from the Uncc Perspective." In War Reparations and the UN Compensation Commission. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199389735.003.0004.

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Candano, Catherine. "Democratic Potentials of UN Climate Change Conference Host Government Websites." In Web Design and Development. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8619-9.ch070.

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E-government discourse implicates state-produced Websites to enable opportunities and citizen spaces on policy issues, subject to demands to be inclusive, engaging, and free from commercial interests. Policy-making for a global issue like climate change takes place at the inter-governmental United Nations Climate Change Conference (UNCCC). It becomes critical to examine if and how the governments hosting this restrictive global policy-making space may engage citizens through their online presence—host country conference outreach Websites. The chapter explores relational underpinnings between states and citizens in such Websites by examining the values privileged by designers using mixed methods. Among UNCCC Websites from 2007 to 2009, the Danish government Website's enhanced features may have contributed to potential inclusivity for the inter-governmental process online compared to previous government's efforts. However, findings have shown such interactive Website's inherent design aspects may potentially shape the manner that climate conversations are limited in an assumed democratized space online.
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Conference papers on the topic "From UNCRC"

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Biffi, Elisabetta, and Daniela Bianchi. "TEACHER TRAINING FOR THE PREVENTION, REPORTING AND ADDRESSING OF VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021end015.

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Each year an estimated one billion children (one out of two children worldwide) suffer some form of physical, sexual or psychological violence or neglect (Hillis, Mercy, Amobi, & Kress, 2016). Being a victim of violence in childhood has lifelong impacts on education, health, and well-being. Exposure to violence can lead to poor academic performance due to cognitive, emotional, and social problems (WHO, 2019). The right of the child to freedom from all forms of violence is affirmed by the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child, in its General Comment No. 13 (UNCRC, 2011). Moreover, the Sustainable Development Goals contain a clear call to eliminate violence against children, most explicitly in Target 16.2 (UN, 2015). Many efforts have been made globally to achieve these goals. Schools have been identified as one of the crucial contexts for conducting violence prevention efforts. They offer an important space where children, teachers and educators can learn and adopt pro-social behaviors that can contribute to preventing violence (WHO, et al., 2016). Teachers can play a key role, helping to build a “violence-free world” (UNESCO, WHO, UNICEF, End Violence Against Children, 2020), both by promoting positive relationships and by identifying signs of violence early. In fact, while international strategies provide a necessary framework for the promotion and protection of children's rights, it is the people who can make a difference in the prevention and detection of violence against children (Biffi, 2018). Based on these premises, the paper will focus on how teacher training can help prevent, report and address violence against children. Teachers are often not trained on this: some of them know the contents, but have doubts about how to deal with certain situations. Teachers should learn what to do with students who have gone through a traumatic experience because children choose someone who can see and recognize them (Miller, 1979, En. transl. 1995; Miller, 1980, En. transl. 1983). To be able to really recognize the child, a training course with teachers is necessary, to raise awareness and help them see the signals that children send (The Alliance for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action, End Violence Against Children, UNICEF, WHO, 2020). This paper, through literature and presentation of a training course with teachers in Italy, will offer a pedagogical reflection on teacher training in the prevention, reporting and addressing of violence against children, in order to start building a common shared strategy.
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Blasioli, Giuseppe, and Furio Marchesani. "Fluid Dynamics Numerical Assessment to Evaluate the Ice Formation Around the Pipeline." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95528.

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Abstract In response to the UNCCC held in Paris in 2015 the need to reduce the global warming, due to CO2 release in atmosphere, led to a new business for the capture and storage of CO2 in dedicated deep water reservoir. In this sense the transport of the CO2 at low temperature, necessary to condensate the gas, through offshore pipeline is a commercial and technical valid strategy. One of the issues related to the transport of a condensate gas is the thermal exchange between the transport system, in this case offshore pipelines, and the environment. The gas is usually carried by ships in a liquid phase at very low temperatures, for example −30 °C in case of CO2. The fluid is introduced into the pipeline at the same temperature to not further consume energy for warming up. The design of the offshore pipeline subject to these operating conditions, very cold fluid internally and a water temperature slightly over 0°C at external side, can be affected by the ice formation around the pipe. The ice thickness formation is primarily governed by the external convection coefficient. For the offshore pipelines located in deep waters where the sea currents are negligible, only the natural convection phenomena can occur on the external surface of the pipeline. Considering steady state scenario the heat transfer from the internal fluid to the external environmental is governed by the thermal resistance of each component of the system like fluid, steel, anticorrosion coating, thermal insulation if any and external convection due to the seawater. The low temperatures of both seawater and ice formation, approximately at −2°C, allow to be close to the maximum value of the seawater density: usually this occurs at a slightly colder temperatures depending on salinity and water depth (for the fresh water the maximum is at 4°C). The natural convection is driven by the buoyancy effect due to fluid density variation with temperature: the scenario described above lead to minimizes these effects and consequently the heat transfer due to the natural convection (increasing the thermal resistance). Most of the correlations in literature are related to different temperature ranges, far away from this particular situation: a numerical investigation using computational fluid dynamics technique has been performed. The analysis is executed by means of commercial CFD software FLUENT: the model is based on a two dimensional grid of a pipe submerged in water. In this paper: • The state-of-the-art about the natural convection coefficient estimate for submerged cylinders proposed by different authors through Nusselt number assessment; • A description of the proposed numerical approach is given highlighting the different approaches based on the boundary layer behavior; • A typical application is shown.
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