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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Front End Engineering Design'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Netshifhire, Vhudilangi Patrick. "The design and implementation of microwave receiver front end components." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50473.

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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Different types of RF and Microwave receiver systems architectures are investigated. The superheterodyne receiver characteristics are studied qualitatively. A three components system (LNA, Mixer and VeO) is selected and the components are first measured individually, and then measured as a single system. A mono filar axial mode helix antenna is designed, simulated using FEKO and constructed. A narrow band interdigital bandpass filter is designed using the capacitance network and its transformation, and it is simulated using two different simulation packages, eST Microwave Studio and AWR Microwave Office. Two filter prototypes are fabricated using cylindrical rods. An open circuited microstrip resonator oscillator is designed and implemented through the negative resistance method. Its performance is verified using the harmonic balance simulator in AWR MWO. A single balanced mixer is designed and implemented using 1800 hybrid junction (rat-race) and it is also fabricated using microstrip transmission line technology. All designed components performed well in comparison to their predicted performance. The LNA and three of the designed components (Filter, Oscillator and a Mixer) are connected together and characterized as a single four block system. The system performed well except for the IF signal which shift to a lower frequency due to oscillator load pulling.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die argitektuur van verskeie RF en Mikrogolf ontvanger stelsels word ondersoek. Die "superheterodyne" ontvanger eienskappe is kwalitatief bestudeer. 'n Stelsel wat uit drie komponente bestaan (LNA, Menger en VeO) is bestudeer. Die individuele komponente is eers gemeet en daarna die stelsel as 'n eenheid. 'n "Mono filar" aksiale modus heliks antenna is ontwerp, gesimuleer met FEKO en gebou. Verder is 'n nouband inter-digitale banddeurlaat filter ontwerp met behulp van die kapasitiewe network metode en sy transformasie. Hierdie ontwerp is gesimuleer deur van twee verskillende sagteware pakette gebruik te maak, naamlik eST Microwave Studio en AWR Microwave Office. Twee filter prototiepes is gebou met silindriese stafies. 'n Oopgeslote mikrostrook ossilator is ontwerp en geimplementeer deur negatiewe weerstand te gebruik. Die stelsel se prestasie is bevestig deur gebruik te maak van 'n harmoniese balans simulator in AWR MWO. Verder is 'n enkelbalans menger ontwerp en geimplimenteer via 'n 1800 hibriede verbinding ("rat-race"). Hierdie menger is gebou met mikrostrook transmisielyn. Al die ontwerpte komponente werk goed in vergelyking met die voorspelde resultate. Die LNA, filter, ossilator en menger word gekoppel en gekarakteriseer as 'n vier blok stelsel. Die stelsel werk goed behalwe vir 'n skuif in die IF-sein by laer frekwensies a.g.v. belasting.
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2

Lökholm, Alvestad Ragnvald. "Life Cycle Assessments as a front-end Systems Engineering tool in ship design." Thesis, KTH, Marina system, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-102049.

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Environmental impact analyses have not been popular in ship design due to the complexity of both the analysis itself and the ship system. This study proposes a framework for life cycle assessments (LCA) for ship design, using a foundation in systems engineering to position the assessment method in the design process. By limiting the analysis to comparing the differences between design alternatives and accepting lower result precision, the effort and level of expertise required is significantly reduced. Reducing the requirement on precision allows for approximate input data as well, enabling the naval architect to use simple methods, e.g. the Holtrop-Mennen method, to provide input data. Despite this imprecision, it is shown that one can observe trends in the result that point toward a design concept with lower impact than its contestors. Further, one must select an evaluation model and database, both determined by experts, that support the analysis well, and a software to present the naval architect with an interface with which he can easily interact. The benefits of such simplified analyses are that little LCA expertise is required, only a few parameters must be modelled and most of the input data is determined, allbeit approximately, through the initial regular ship design process and is readily available. The pitfalls are a low degree of transparency due to the evaluation model and risk for misinterpretation and misuse of the results because of the limit on modelled parameters and assessment precision. Using this framework, with its limitations, lowers the threshold to implementing an LCA as a design review tool in early design stages, a front-end tool, allowing the environmental assessment to affect earlier design decisions in a greater extent than today.
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Sheu, Feikai. "Design and analysis of a 6/4-GHz receiver front end." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37783.

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4

Sachidanandam, Vignesh. "Handling research data at the front end of the design process." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1217515976.

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5

Shaker, Mohamed. "Design of Front End Circuits for a Low Power Ultra Wide Band Receiver." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3714137.

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Wireless devices in both office and home are playing a significant role in today’s communication system. The most known communication gadgets include cellular telephone and wireless local area network (WLAN) peripherals. Wireless connectivity products main target is to provide data access at any time but at the lowest possible data rate. In the last few years, the demand for higher data is increasing because the wireless devices became more popular. The fast development in wireless technology in recent years would initiate a new era of communication networks enabling data access everywhere at higher rates. The most challenging components at UWB PHY level are analog to digital converter and RF front ends since these circuit components need to perform in a broad range of frequency spectrum while consuming very little power and with little area overhead. Traditional design methodology practiced in the era of narrow band can’t meet the challenges of broadband system, thus new circuit topologies and design methodologies are needed. In this dissertation, a new radio frequency chain and low power analog-to-digital converters are proposed. The proposed converters process analog signals in a high range of frequencies with lower power consumption. The experimental results show significant improvement in the timing, throughput, and energy performances with a slight overhead in the circuit area.

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Sahu, Abhishek. "New Approaches to the Design of Next Generation RF Front End Components." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1535367931832843.

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7

Cross, Lee W. "Design of Microwave Front-End Narrowband Filter and Limiter Components." Thesis, The University of Toledo, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3588122.

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This dissertation proposes three novel bandpass filter structures to protect systems exposed to damaging levels of electromagnetic (EM) radiation from intentional and unintentional high-power microwave (HPM) sources. This is of interest because many commercial microwave communications and sensor systems are unprotected from high power levels. Novel technologies to harden front-end components must maintain existing system performance and cost. The proposed concepts all use low-cost printed circuit board (PCB) fabrication to create compact solutions that support high integration.

The first proposed filter achieves size reduction of 46% using a technology that is suitable for low-loss, narrowband filters that can handle high power levels. This is accomplished by reducing a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) loaded evanescent-mode bandpass filter to a half-mode SIW (HMSIW) structure. Demonstrated third-order SIW and HMSIW filters have 1.7 GHz center frequency and 0.2 GHz bandwidth. Simulation and measurements of the filters utilizing combline resonators prove the underlying principles.

The second proposed device combines a traditional microstrip bent hairpin filter with encapsulated gas plasma elements to create a filter-limiter: a novel narrowband filter with integral HPM limiter behavior. An equivalent circuit model is presented for the ac coupled plasma-shell components used in this dissertation, and parameter values were extracted from measured results and EM simulation. The theory of operation of the proposed filter-limiter was experimentally validated and key predictions were demonstrated including two modes of operation in the on state: a constant output power mode and constant attenuation mode at high power. A third-order filter-limiter with center frequency of 870 MHz was demonstrated. It operates passively from incident microwave energy, and can be primed with an external voltage source to reduce both limiter turn-on threshold power and output power variation during limiting. Limiter functionality has minimal impact on filter size, weight, performance, and cost.

The third proposed device demonstrates a large-area, light-weight plasma device that interacts with propagating X-band (8-12 GHz) microwave energy. The structure acts as a switchable EM aperture that can be integrated into a radome structure that shields enclosed antenna(s) from incident energy. Active elements are plasma-shells that are electrically excited by frequency selective surfaces (FSS) that are transparent to the frequency band of interest. The result is equivalent to large-area free-space plasma confined in a discrete layer. A novel structure was designed with the aid of full-wave simulation and was fabricated as a 76.2 mm square array. Transmission performance was tested across different drive voltages and incidence angles. Switchable attenuation of 7 dB was measured across the passband when driven with 1400 Vpp at 1 MHz. Plasma electron density was estimated to be 3.6 × 10 12 cm-3 from theory and full-wave simulation. The proposed structure has potential for use on mobile platforms.

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Li, Xiaopeng. "System and circuit design techniques for CMOS soft-ware radio receiver front-end /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148639852855606.

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9

Sastry, Vishwas Kudur. "Design of a CMOS RF front end receiver in 0.18μm technology." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1220469397.

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10

Shah, Julin Mukeshkumar. "Compressive Sensing Analog Front End Design in 180 nm CMOS Technology." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1440381988.

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11

Gouveia, Dominique. "Design and implementation of L and X-band filters for the NeXtRAD front end." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24880.

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Microwave filters are required at the RF front end of a research radar called NeXtRAD to suppress out of band transmitted and received signals. NeXtRAD is a multistatic pulse-Doppler radar system, developed at the University of Cape Town (UCT) in collaboration with the University College London (UCL). It has been designed to operate in two frequency bands, designated as L and X-bands. NeXtRAD will be used as a research tool, for the purposes of measuring sea targets and detecting sea clutter. The measured data will be stored in a database, and it will be made freely available to the public for research purposes. A coaxial comb-line filter was designed, manufactured and measured at L-band. The narrow band measurement results showed that the filter was centred at 1300 MHz, with an equal ripple bandwidth of 210 MHz. The filter has a spurious-free window of 2050 MHz at -60 dB, with the first spurious approximately at 2.86 times the operating frequency. The return loss of the filter was 19.52 dB, and the insertion loss at mid-band was 0.14 dB. The measured filter agreed extremely well with the L-band specifications. The X-band iris coupled filter was also designed, manufactured and measured. The narrow band measurement results showed that the filter was centred at 8.5 GHz, with an equal ripple bandwidth of 121 MHz. The spurious-free window of the measured filter at -60 dB was 6.571 GHz, with the first spurious at 1.82 times the operating frequency. The insertion loss of the filter was measured to be 2 dB at mid-band and the return loss of the filter was measured to be 18.58 dB at mid-band. The filters are currently being used at the RF front end of the NeXtRAD system.
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Stevens, Adrian Dale. "Design and Implementation of an RF front end for the NeXtRAD radar system." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27361.

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This dissertation presents the design of the RF front end for use on the NeXtRAD radar system. The system is intended for research purposes to investigate potential target detection benefits to be derived from a multistatic, dual-band (X- and L-band), polarimetric radar architecture, particularly within dense clutter environments such as the maritime environment. By examining the high-level system requirements and objectives, requirement specifications for the RF front end were derived and a suitable architecture, making use of commercial off-the-shelf components, proposed. This architecture was modified in order to meet cost constraints - subsequently offering reduced levels of functionality but suitable for an initial build. Using this modified RF front end architecture, design verification and system analysis was conducted, both analytically and with the aid of SystemVue, in order to predict both the front end and overall radar detection performance. Once the front end design was found to be satisfactory, it was built and tested in a laboratory environment. Test results revealed a general improvement in performance when compared with the design predictions, yielding peak transmitter power levels in excess of 61dBm at L-band, and 54dBm at X-band. Some non-conformances were also identified, but these were as a result of component problems and not system design. Since the front end could not yet be integrated into the radar, performance modelling was repeated using the final lab test results. This indicated a negligible improvement in receiver single-pulse signal-to-noise ratio, but confirmed that the system performed as predicted. Based on the lab test results, it was concluded that the 'as-built' front end design closely matched the design goals and would be suitable for eventual integration into the first revision of the NeXtRAD system. It was, however, recommended that a concerted effort be made to secure funding to implement the original front end architecture in order to achieve the full system functionality originally desired.
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13

Ali, Elif. "Improving Communication between Front-end developer and Client at Company X." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20214.

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This bachelor thesis work at MAU (Malmoe University) was carried out in Sweden at Company X. Company X is a Swedish IT company that provide SaaS (Software as a Service) as e-commerce solutions for small- to medium-sized businesses. The purpose of this project is to analyse the current design process of Company X with the aim of improving the communication between front-end developer and client by providing them with a tangible tool in order to align the front-end developer with the expectations of the clients. The two methods that was used to collect data was individual semi-structured interviews and an online co-creation session which were analysed through grounded theory. The analyzations of the results of this thesis clarified that miscommunication occurs depending on several factors which causes different issues. The conclusions of this thesis are that data that is highly abstract is understood differently by different social worlds, resulting in issues within the communication between front-end developer and client as well as limiting the front-end developments contribution to appearance which causes the organisation to exclude the opportunity of business success. Due to data getting altered when going through several actors before reaching the front-end developer, it was argued that miscommunication occur throughout the design process of Company X. The issues within the occurring communication affects the design projects outcome negatively. Subsequently, it was argued that the current design process of Company X is in need of a portfolio containing visual explanations since a portfolio is a simple tool to use in order to make a viewer understand which would potentially decrease the levels of miscommunication as well as aligning the front-end developers with the expectations of the client.
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Kalvér, Henrik. "Quai-Passive 5.8 GHz Front-End Design and Implementation for Vital Signs Detection." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fysik och elektroteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-146270.

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This thesis investigates the possibility to measure vital signs, such as heartbeat and respiratory rate, by developing a RF-front end for wireless detection. The RF-front has been developed and manufactured as a continuous wave Doppler radar receiver, which utilizes quadrature demodulation by means of a multi-port correlator together with power detectors for down conversion. This thesis has been part of an ongoing research project at Link¨opings University, to develop a sensor platform for wireless vital signs detection. This sensor platform has been broken down into two major parts, a radar RF front-end system and a back-end digital signal processing system. The back-end system consist of data acquisition- and a processing-part. It was shown that very low-frequency signals emulating vital signs can be detected, when direct frequency conversion and demodulation are performed with the multi-port detector. Due to the limitations of the instruments, 10-Hz signals were demonstrated.
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15

Liu, Xiaoqun. "Design of multi-channel radio-frequency front-end for 200mhz parallel magnetic resonance imaging." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3159.

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16

Almalkawi, Mohammad J. "Computer Aided Design of Microwave Front-End Components and Antennas for Ultrawideband Systems." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1321653715.

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17

Gagnon, André. "Design and realization of a 24 GHz receiver front-end in integrated quasi-planar technique." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5641.

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This thesis describes the design, realization and testing of an integrated millimeter wave receiver front-end in E-plane configuration. In particular, the combination and integration of a balanced mixer, two filters, and a local oscillator stabilized by a dielectric restorator are described. The following is a brief description of those three major components that constitute the receiver front-end. The heart of the mixer is a classical 180 degrees hybrid junction formed by the juxtaposition of unilateral fin-line and coplanar waveguide. Matching of the RF signal to the diodes is critical for good conversion loss. The receiver contains two filters. In order to ensure compatability with the mixer, the 24 GHz local oscillator was realized in such a way that the FET was also situated in the E-plane. The components have been realized on 10 mils thick RT-Duroid 5880 (dielectric constant $\in\sb{\rm r}$ = 2.22) suspended in the E-plane of a WR-42 waveguide. The receiver incorporates a 24.0 GHz oscillator (LO) and accepts an input radio frequency signal (RF) at 24.4 GHz with a bandwidth of 500 MHz. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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18

Alaca, Fatih. "Design And Implementation Of A Vhf/uhf Front-end Using Tunable Dual Band Filters." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614421/index.pdf.

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For the new generation wireless communication systems, there is an increasing demand for devices that covers more than one frequency band. This results in a need for wide-band tunable front-ends. The main objective of this study is to use dual band filters in the design of a multi-band front-end. A wide-band low noise amplifier is also required. To accomplish this project, a fixed frequency bandstop filter, a tunable dual-band filter and a wide-band LNA are designed and implemented successfully. The predefined specifications of this front-end include gain, gain flatness, spurious signal rejection, frequency tuning range, noise figure and linearity. Total power dissipation and number of elements are also taken into consideration. Test results of the manufactured front-end are compared with the results of existing single band front-ends. In order to design a good tunable wide-band filter, just tuning its center frequency will not be enough. The noise figure of this dual-band filter will be proportional to its insertion loss if it will be used as a pre-selection filter in front of a LNA. Hence its insertion loss will affect the overall noise figure of the system. If it will be used after the LNA, its linearity will be more important. When a bandpass filter is tuned over wide range of frequencies, its bandwidth varies significantly which leads to a degradation in rejection of the spurious signals. Therefore, there must be a simultaneous control of center frequency, bandwidth and insertion loss while providing enough linearity. In order to accomplish this mission, a filter that has two passbands is designed and implemented. The first passband is tunable between 136MHz and 174MHz while the second one is tunable between 380MHz and 470MHz. Also, the low noise amplifier works properly between 136MHz and 470MHz. As a result, a front-end that covers two bands is obtained.
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Amin, Farooq ul. "On the Design of an Analog Front-End for an X-Ray Detector." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-21395.

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Rapid development in CMOS technology has resulted in its suitability for the implementation of readout front-end systems in terms of high integration density, and low power consumption yet at the same time posing many challenges for analog circuits design like readout front-end. One of the significant challenges is the low noise design for high speed front-end systems, while at the same time minimizing the power consumption as much as possible.

A high speed, low noise, low power, and programmable readout front-end system is designed and implemented for an X-ray detector in CMOS 0.18 m technology in this thesis work. The front-end system has a peaking time of 10 ns, which is the highest speed ever reported in the published work. The front-end system is designed to achieve low noise in terms of ENC, and a low power consumption of 2.9 mW. The detector capacitance is the most dominating parameter to low noise, which in turn is directly related to the power consumption. In this thesis work an ENC of 435 electrons is achieved for a detector capacitance of 5 pF and an ENC of 320 electrons for a detector capacitance of 3 pF. Based on the comparison to related published work, a performance improvement of at least two times is achieved taking peaking time, power, ENC, and detector capacitance all into consideration. The output pulse after amplification has peak amplitude of 300 mV for a maximum injected charge of 40000 electrons from the detector.

The readout front-end system noise performance is strongly dependent on the input MOSFET type, size, and biasing. In this work a PMOS has been selected and optimized as the input device due to its smaller 1/f noise and high gain as compare to NMOS when biased at same currents. The architecture designed in this work consists of a folded cascode CSA with extra cascode in first stage, a pole-zero cancellation circuit to eliminate undershoot, a shaper amplifier, and integrators using Gm-C filter technique. All of these components are optimized for low power while meeting the noise requirements. The whole front-end system is programmed for peaking times of 10, 20, and 40 ns. The programmability is achieved by switching different capacitors and resistors values for all the poles and zeros in the front-end, and by switching parallel transconductance in the Gm-C filters. Finally fine tuning of all the capacitance, resistance, and transconductance values is done to achieve required performance.

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Viswanatha, Raghunath. "Design and Simulation of Multi-Frequency Global Navigation Satellite System Receiver Radio Frequency Front-End." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1227298677.

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21

Mweene, Loveday Haachitaba. "The design of front-end DC-DC converters of distributed power supply systems with improved efficiency and stability." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12860.

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Thesis (Sc. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1992.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 181-184).
by Loveday Haachitaba Mweene.
Sc.D.
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22

Salin, Fredrik. "Front-end design and implementation of a Web-based Streaming Platform : A User Centered Approach." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-123351.

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This master thesis investigates how an Agile User Centered approach can be used when designing and implementing the frontend for a web-based on-demand video streaming platform. Agile and User Experience (UX) are currently two very popular concepts that are frequently discussed in the software development community. Recently there have been a lot of discussions about how to combine Agile development methodologies and UX activities, and it has proven to be a difficult task in practice. This Master Thesis aims at solving this issue by researching methodologies that take both the Agile aspect as well as UX in consideration. Dual-track Scrum, an Agile/User Centered methodology considering UX, was used as development methodology and throughout the development process it was investigated how this methodology, as well as adding UX activities, affected the UX of the streaming platform. The conclusion from this thesis is that even though the combination of Agile and User Centered processes is difficult, it can be achieved with good results. The thesis presents guidelines for how to successfully combine the two processes as well as what the most important UX activities are and how they can be used in an Agile development project. The thesis also concludes that using a frontend framework, development tools and HTML5 video is very useful for developing the frontend for the streaming platform.
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Rao, Arun J. "Analog Front-End Design Using the gm/ID Method for a Pulse-Based Plasma Impedance Probe System." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/675.

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The Plasma Impedance Probe (PIP) is an electronic instrument that measures the impedance of a dipole antenna immersed in a plasma environment. Measurements made by the PIP provide valuable information regarding the plasma environment. Knowledge of ionospheric plasma density and density disturbances is required to understand radio frequency communication with satellites. The impedance curve provides us with significant plasma characteristics such as the electron-neutral collision frequency and plasma electron density. The work proposed here is a transistor-level implementation of the analog front-end, the non-inverting amplifier that is used to drive the antenna. The antenna immersed in plasma is excited with a sinusoidal/pulse stimulus and the output from the non-inverting configuration is fed into the difference amplifier. In the difference amplifier the output signal from the non- inverting amplifier is subtracted from the original stimulus and then fed into a high-speed pipeline data converter. The entire analog and mixed signal components are integrated on a single chip. The obvious advantages with this design are that it eliminates several sources of analog signal processing errors, thereby improving stability. A Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is then applied on the sampled input stimulus as well as the processed signal. The input voltage FFT is then divided by the current FFT to obtain the antenna impedance. The FFT method helps in reducing transient errors and improves noise immunity of the system. The antenna impedance span curves over the frequency range from 100 kHz to 20MHz. The approach for the tranistor-level design is implementing short-channel design tech- niques using the gm/ID method. This is the primary focus of the thesis where the emphasis has been on using a simple and intuitive method to design the front-end amplifier in the TSMC .35 um technology. The design specifications for this amplifier are derived from the system-level simulations. The transition from a Printed Circuit Board (PCB)-based design to System on Chip (SOC) implementation is explored. This makes the design components highly specific to the application. The following are the design approaches used for the analog front-end design. * A detailed study of the various factors affecting the PIP instrument measurement capabilities from the previous works. * System-level simulation of the the entire PIP system to completely characterize the analog front-end. * Exploration of the possible design topologies for the transistor-level implementation. * A novel method of analog amplifier design using the gm/ID methodology. Miniaturization of the instrument and using a pulse-based measurement scheme also offer an immediate benefit to sounding rocket missions. The reduction of power, mass, and volume will enable the instrument to be flown on many more sounding rockets than at present. The faster measurement is especially valuable since the ionospheric plasma changes in character most rapidly with altitude.
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Gong, Fei. "Front End Circuit Module Designs for A Digitally Controlled Channelized SDR Receiver Architecture." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1322606039.

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25

Lee, Michael N. "Information capture during early front end analysis in the Joint Capabilities Integration and Development System (JCIDS) : a formative study of the capabilities of the Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DoDAF)." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107609.

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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, System Design and Management Program, Engineering and Management Program, 2016.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 102-107).
The United States has achieved defense superiority in air, land, and sea while using some of the most advanced defense systems in the world. However, underlying this success is a troubled procurement system. Enterprise-wide problems such as poor integration between the three components (JCIDS, DAS, PPBE) of DoD acquisition and inadequate management of procurement personnel have undermined the potential of the Department of Defense. One particular area for improvement is the need for understanding the overlaps, gaps, and interdependencies of the capability portfolio. Information is a precondition to attaining that knowledge. Information is embodied in capability documents and architecture frameworks and drives the critical process of determining the right capability requirements upfront, a vital task in saving costs. (Wirthlin, 1994) The stakeholders need a comprehensive understanding of the capability portfolio during this validation process but information can be trapped in functional stovepipes. DoD Architecture Framework (DoDAF) holds much promise in enhancing the visibility and traceability of information in the capability portfolio to the stakeholders. It is a more structured way to capture and analyze information than free-text documents. The most recent JCIDS manual published in February 2015 added a new requirement to submit seven DoDAF viewpoints during the ICD submission. This indicates the potential of DoDAF viewpoints to be able to provide a full representation of a capability requirement so it can be validated in light of a holistic understanding of the portfolio. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze whether DoDAF alone can provide a holistic understanding of a capability requirement during this early front-end validation. The analysis examines the information captured by the viewpoints by comparing it to ICD information requirements. The results of the analysis reveal the benefits of DoDAF in its ability to capture more detailed information such as resource flows in structured form. A second finding revealed that the seven DoDAF viewpoints were missing key information elements about the capability requirement such as related missions and strategy documents that limit holistic visibility of the capability portfolio. Lastly, there were additional limitations such as the challenge of determining the level of specificity in the viewpoints. Recommendations include changing particular optional data fields to mandatory and adding the CV-1 and OV-3 viewpoints to provide more information about the capability requirement.
by Michael N. Lee.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
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26

Hermann, Jonas. "Design and Facilitation of Event-Based Open Innovation : A study about regular company arrangements for enhanced innovativeness." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-245079.

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Den tidiga fasen av företags innovationsprocess har fått stor uppmärksamhet i modern akademisk forskning. Det diskuteras hur man strukturerar denna fas kallad “fuzzy front end” kopplat till innovation och även ett koncept som allmänt kallas “öppen innovation” har introducerats - involvering av tredje parts individer i utvecklingsprocessen. Detta examensarbete fokuserar huvudsakligen på öppen innovation genom olika event för att främja innovationsarbete såsom: workshops, hackathons, idea jams och andra typer av sammanhang som inkluderar både externa deltagare och experter samt anställda och partners inom organisationer. Genom att designa, vara värd för, övervaka samt utvärdera ett hackathon för innovation som heter LiveHacks, samlar detta examensarbete relevant information för att förstå motiven för företag såväl som individer att delta i ett sådant sammanhang. Slutligen bedöms i detta examensarbete hur man kan organisera framgångsrika öppen innovations-eventsåsom hackathons. Dessutom har en generaliserad mall som tredje part skall kunna ta efter utvecklats.
The front end of a corporate’s innovation process has caught much attention in contemporary academic research. Efforts discuss how to structure the “fuzzy frontend of innovation” and introduce a concept widely known as “open source” – the involvement of third party individuals to the development process. This Masters thesis specifically focuses on open innovation through the medium of event-based innovation facilitation; e.g through workshops, hackathons, idea jams and other events that include both external users and experts as well as employees or partners within organizations. By designing, hosting, monitoring and evaluating an innovation event called “LiveHacks”, this thesis collects relevant data to understand both, the motives of corporations as well as of individuals to participate in open innovation events. Finally, this thesis assesses how to host successful open innovation events and develops a generalized template for third party adoption.
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Aban, Vahap Volkan. "The Design, Control, And Performance Analysis Of Ac Motor Drives With Front End Diode Rectifier Utilizing Low Capacitance Dc Bus Capacitor And Comparison With Conventional Drives." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615099/index.pdf.

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In this thesis the design, control, stability, input power quality, and motor drive performance of ac motor drives with front end three phase diode rectifiers utilizing low capacitance dc bus capacitor are investigated. Detailed computer simulations of conventional motor drives with diode rectifier front end utilizing high capacitance dc bus capacitor and the drives with low capacitance dc bus capacitor are conducted and the performances are compared. Performance evaluation of various active control methods found in previous studies aiming to provide the dc bus stability of drives with low capacitance dc bus capacitor are done at various load levels and types. Design recommendations are provided for the drives utilizing low capacitance dc bus capacitor.
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28

Kraemer, Michael. "Design of a low-power 60 GHz transceiver front-end and behavioral modeling and implementation of its key building blocks in 65 nm CMOS." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00554674.

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Worldwide regulations for short range communication devices allow the unlicensed use of several Gigahertz of bandwidth in the frequency band around 60 GHz. This 60GHz band is ideally suited for applications like very high data rate, energy-autonomous wireless sensor networks or Gbit/s multimedia links with low power constraints. Not long ago, radio interfaces that operate in the millimeter-wave frequency range could only be realized using expensive compound semiconductor technologies. Today, the latest sub-micron CMOS technologies can be used to design 60GHz radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs) at very low cost in mass production. This thesis is part of an effort to realize a low power System in Package (SiP) including both the radio interface (with baseband and RF circuitry) and an antenna array to directly transmit and receive a 60GHz signal. The first part of this thesis deals with the design of the low power RF transceiver front-end for the radio interface. The key building blocks of this RF front-end (amplifiers, mixers and a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO)) are designed, realized and measured using the 65nm CMOS technology of ST Microelectronics. Full custom active and passive devices are developed and characterized for the use within these building blocks. An important step towards the full integration of the RF transceiver front-end is the assembly of these building blocks to form a basic receiver chip. Circuits with small chip size and low power consumption compared to the state of the art have been accomplished. The second part of this thesis concerns the development of behavioral models for the designed building blocks. These system level models are necessary to simulate the behavior of the entire SiP, which becomes too complex when using detailed circuit level models. In particular, a novel technique to model the transient, steady state and phase noise behavior of the VCO in the hardware description language VHDL-AMS is proposed and implemente d. The model uses a state space description to describe the dynamic behavior of the VCO. Its nonlinearity is approximated by artificial neural networks. A drastic reduction of simulation time with respect to the circuit level model has been achieved, while at the same time maintaining a very high level of accuracy.
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Pärsson, David. "Guidelines for Web Application Usability." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-56996.

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More people are connecting to the Internet, by using computers and other devices. At the same time web applications are replacing locally installed applications. This makes web application usability an interesting and important subject.

The aim of this thesis was to find a set of usability recommendations and guidelines specifically suited for web-based applications. The guidelines were derived both from studies on how web applications and regular web sites should be designed, usability studies for locally installed applications as well as more general usability and interaction design guidelines.

A prototype was created based on the list of guidelines. The prototype was then evaluated from a usability perspective, using heuristic evaluation with Nielsen’s 10 usability heuristics, to test the validity of the guidelines.

The results of the evaluation says that while the list of guidelines can be used to help creating usable web applications, following the guidelines is not alone a mean of getting rid of all usability problems.

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Onabajo, Marvin Olufemi. "Design methodologies for built-in testing of integrated RF transceivers with the on-chip loopback technique." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2501.

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31

Kässi, Jonna. "Undersökning av det systematiska arbetsmiljöarbetet hos företag som arbetar med AFS 2001:1 : Hur ser behovet av IT-stöd ut?" Thesis, KTH, Ergonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-232013.

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Företag idag är pressade och måste prioritera sina primära arbetsuppgifter, vilket ofta leder till att arbetsmiljöarbetet blir svårt att upprätthålla eller kan ses som en omotiverad kostnad. För att bespara tid och inte störa den dagliga verksamheten förekommer det att representanter väljs ut som får agera länk mellan slutanvändare och systemutvecklare vid framtagandet av nya system. Det leder till att viktiga kunskaper och behov inte kommer fram under utvecklingsfasen. Bristande utformning av datorsystem kan leda till att de inte nyttjas eller att arbetsmiljöarbetet blir lidande. Vid utformning av datorsystem är det viktigt att ta hänsyn till användbarhet. Ett datorsystem som är byggt med användaren i fokus verkar ha en större acceptans hos företag.   Syftet med undersökningen var att identifiera behov av datorstöd till systematiskt arbetsmiljöarbete (SAM) hos företag som sedan tidigare arbetar med AFS 2001:1. Metoden för denna uppsats bestod huvudsakligen av litteraturundersökningar och intervjuer med chefer samt medarbetare (alternativt skyddsombud). Insamlad data jämfördes mellan chef och medarbetare och skillnader mellan företagen analyserades.     Resultat visade att det inte fanns skillnader av den insamlade data mellan chef och medarbetare (alternativt skyddsombud) inom samma företag. Detta betyder att deltagarna från samma företag har samma bild över deras arbetsmiljöarbete. Mellan företagen råder det dock olikheter då kunskapsnivån spelar roll och vilken slags kunskapsöverföring som finns idag.   Det som var en gemensam bristande faktor för samtliga företag var det sista steget i det systematiska arbetsmiljöarbetet ”Undersöka-Bedömning-Åtgärda-Kontroll”. Samtliga företag var duktiga på att åtgärda arbetsmiljöbrister som var av den akuta karaktären. Akuta ärenden är något som upptäcks direkt exempelvis personskada på grund av snubbling. Medan långsiktiga brister ses som större processer med längre implementeringsperioder exempelvis kartläggning av fallande produktivitet på grund av arbetsmiljöbrister.   Slutsats av resultaten visade på att det finns behov av ett ledningssystem med IT-stöd som är användaranpassat. Det bör ge stöd istället för att belasta arbetsgivaren med mängder av dokumentation och administration. Inför designfasen av ett ledningssystem är syfte och mål viktiga delar att definiera tillsammans med utvecklaren för att kunna skapa ett användarvänligare system.   Något som genomsyrade resultaten av undersökningen var att samtliga deltagare inte genomförde någon form av uppföljning. Därför blir det viktigt att i framtida utvecklingsprojekt ta hänsyn till den delen av systematiskt arbetsmiljöarbete för att säkerställa att det inte glöms bort. Detta steg är en viktig del av systematiskt arbetsmiljöarbete och måluppfyllning samt utveckling. Bättre uppföljning ger bättre beslut.
Companies today are pressed and need to prioritize their primary work tasks which often means that work environment management is hard to maintain or can be seen as an unmotivated cost. To save money and avoid disturbing the daily operations representatives are sometimes chosen to be the link between the end-user and the system developer during the development of a new system. That means that important knowledge and needs aren’t included in the development phase. Poorly designed computer systems can lead to it not being used or the fact that the work environment management becomes suffering. During the development of a computer system it’s important to consider the usability. A system that is built focused on the end-user seems to have a higher level of acceptance at companies.   The purpose of this essay was to identify the needs of computer aid for the systematic work environment management at companies that have previously worked with AFS 2001:1 (Swedish law for systematic work environment management).  The method for this essay mainly consisted of literature studies and interviews with managers and co-workers (alternatively safety representative). Collected data from managers and co-workers were compared and the differences between the companies were analyzed.   Results show that there wasn’t any difference between the data collected from the managers and the co-workers in the same company. This means that participants from the same company had the same view on their work environment management. When the companies were compared to each other there were differences related to the level of knowledge and the ability to pass the knowledge along.   A common factor that was lacking for all companies was that the final step in the systematic work environment management which is control. All companies were good at addressing occupational safety deficiencies that were of the acute nature. Acute cases are something that is detected directly, for example, injuries due to tripping. While long-term deficiencies are seen as major processes with longer implementation periods, such as mapping of declining productivity due to workplace shortcomings.   Conclusion of the results showed that there is a need for a management system with IT support that is user-adapted. It should provide support rather than burden the employer with a load of documentation and administration. Before the design phase of a management system, the purpose and goal are key elements to define with the developer in order to create a user-friendly system.   Something that permeated the results of the survey was that all participants didn’t do any kind of follow-up. Therefore, in future development projects, it is important to take into account that part of the systematic work environment management to ensure that it is not forgotten. This step is an important part of systematic work environment management and goal fulfillment as well as development. Better follow up leads to better decisions.
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32

Madishetty, Suresh. "Design of Multi-Beam Hybrid Digital Beamforming Receivers." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1545178805415923.

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33

Mahendra, Kumar Jain Ronak Kumar Jain, and Lincoln Fernandes. "Idea Management in the Swedish Energy Sector : -A case study to design an idea management process for continious innovation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414646.

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The main key to any innovation is the idea management process which is also known as the front-end phase of the innovation. An idea management is a systematic process of searching, collecting, developing and implementing of ideas. This study focuses on idea management process within the energy sector of Sweden, as there is no well-defined process within the area that captures the voice of the employee. The solution is present in the form of newly designed process that takes into consideration the voice of the employees, technology for supporting and delivering the shared responsibilities. The main purpose of this study is that the energy sector of Sweden is being less explored that leaves out the sector from adapting to the idea management process. This sector lacks in considering the different tools, techniques and methods to be used that will help in searching, capturing, evaluating and selecting ideas. In order to explore the energy sector within Sweden a single case study on business unit Vattenfall heat, Uppsala, a Swedish multinational national energy company has been selected. To reach the bottom line of exploration ten semi-structured interviews were used to collect data and were grounded using “Gioia methodology”. The grounded theory model designed can be used by energy sector to design an idea management process for idea capturing, idea screening, idea selecting an idea implementing. The outcomes were recorded to be four main aggregate dimensions in designing the idea management process for the energy sector of Sweden. It was discovered that the four-aggregate dimension “people”, “process” and “workspace culture” are interconnected and to manage the overall process there is a requirement of strong “policy”. Considering these outcomes as main important drivers a new design is created which streamlines for searching, capturing, evaluation and implementing of ideas for the energy sector of Sweden. This study can further be elaborated and can be an important source of information for an organization willing to have a digital platform for the idea management process. The study can also be used in creating a central platform involving the different actors into an idea management process.
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34

Ravichandran, Balachandar, and Harshavardhan Ramanujam. "Implementing Design Thinking principles for increasing customer centricity in a B2B company : A case study at Mycronic." Thesis, KTH, Produktinnovationsteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281244.

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Design Thinking (designtänkande) är ett kundfokuserat förhållningssätt som används för att stödja innovation. Sedan starten har designtänkandet utvecklats från ett rättframt sätt att lösa tekniska designproblem till en komplex paraplykonstruktion för innovation och förhållningssättet har genom åren blivit ett allmänt accepterat och målinriktat tillvägagångssätt för effektiv produktutveckling. Flera av de praktiska användningsfallen som finns tillgängliga om designtänkande i forskning hänvisar till ett enskilt fall för att lösa specifika problem eller dess tillämpning i business-tocustomer företag. Syftet med detta examensarbete var att kritiskt undersöka hur designtänkande kunde implementeras i ett business-to-business (B2B)-företag med välutvecklade produktutvecklingsprocesser för att balansera kundfokus med produkt strategi. För att förstå effekterna av designtänkande i sådana företag undersöktes hinder som förhindrar designtänkandets implementering och möjligheterna med att införa det med hjälp av en fallstudie på Mycronic AB-kontoret i Täby, Sverige. Materialet i studien samlades in genom interna och externa kvalitativa intervjuer. Resultaten från intervjuerna användes för att föreslå ett ramverk och ett pilotprogram för att stödja Mycronic att införa principer för designtänkande i sin befintliga PDP. Målet med ramverket är att skapa förutsättningar för ett B2B-företag att anpassa sin produktutvecklingsprocess till designprinciper för att bättre förstå slutkundernas explicita och outtalade behov och behoven hos interna intressenter samt för att öka förmågan att identifiera rätt initiativ i ett tidigt skede av ett projekt.
Design Thinking (DT) is a customer centric approach for managing innovation. Since its inception, design thinking has evolved from a straight forward approach to solve engineering design problems into a complex umbrella construct for innovation and has over the years been widely accepted as a goal-oriented approach for effective product development. Several of the practical use cases available in the existing design thinking discourse refer to oneoff case for solving specific problems or its application in a business-to-customer set-up. Thepurpose of this master thesis was to critically examine how design thinking could be implementedin a business to business (B2B) company with well-developed product development processes(PDP) to balance customer centricity with product strategy. To understand the impact of design thinking in such companies, barriers preventing design thinking's implementation and the opportunities enabling its implementation were explored using a single case study approach at Mycronic AB office at Täby, Sweden. The material for the case study was gathered through internal and external qualitative interviews. The results from these interviews were used to propose a framework and pilot programs that would facilitate Mycronic to introduce design thinking principles to its existing product development process. The goal of the framework is to empowera business-to-business company with well-developed product development processes to adapt design thinking principles so as to increase their understanding of end customers' spoken and unspoken needs, recognize the needs of internal stakeholders, and improve their ability to secure the right initiatives in the early phase of a project.
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35

Li, Lin. "RF transceiver front-end design for testability." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2256.

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In this thesis, we analyze the performance of a loop-back built-in-self-test for a RF transceiver front-end. The tests aim at spot defects in a transceiver front-end and they make use of RF specifications such as NF (Noise Figure), G (power gain) and IIP3 (third order Intercept point). To enhance fault detectability, RF signal path sensitization is introduced. We use a functional RF transceiver model that is implemented in MatLab™ to verify this analysis.

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36

Krugh, Lisa S. "Report on a MTSC Internship at Golder Associates Inc." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1258382636.

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37

Camacho, Pedro Alexandre Armas. "Front-end design for visible light communications systems." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/23477.

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Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e Telecomunicações
Communications are vital in the world today. Everything is connected and this means that communication technologies are constantly being pushed to their limits. Any kind of development and improvement that can be done to increase networks capabilities, will find use in some specific application, or even in more common technologies if such is justified. One such case is VLC, it can be used to improve other communication methods capabilities, or as standalone solution, providing advantage in certain scenarios where regular wirelesscommunicationsmethodswouldnotperformaswell,orwouldnotsuit theapplication. VLCalsooffersthegreatadvantageofutilisinganewmedium of transmission for telecomunication systems, which is the visible light spectrum, and is not yet overused and overregulated as other typical mediums. This work was done in partnership with the integrated circuit systems groupd ofInstitutodeTelecomunicaçõesAveiroandaimstostudyanddevelopoptical front end systems for VLC to be used in future projects by this group.
As Telecomunicações são fundamentais nos nossos dias em que tudo está interligado, levando as tecnologias de telecomunicações constantemente ao seu limite. Todo o tipo de melhoria que possa ser feito para melhorar o desempenho de uma rede, encontrará aplicação em alguma área, mais específica, ou caso se justifique, até mesmo em tecnologias de telecomunicação mais comuns. Um exemplo é o VLC (Visible Light Communication), que pode ser utilizado para melhorar as capacidades de outros tipos de redes de telecomunicações, ou em alternativa a outros tipos de redes, oferecendo vantagens em certos cenários onde métodos tradicionais de telecomunicações sem fios não teriam tão bom desempenho, ou não serviriam a aplicação desejada. O VLC também tem como grande vantagem a hipótese de utilização de um novo meio de transmissão para sistemas de telecomunicações, que é o espectro da luz vísivel, que não se encontra ainda sobrelotado e tem regulamentos mais relaxados que outros meios de comunicação tradicionais. Este trabalho foi feito em colaboração com o grupo de sistemas e circuitos integrados do Instituto de Telecomunicações Aveiro, e visa o estudo de desenvolvimento de ‘frontends’óticosparaVLC,parautilizaçãofuturaemprojetosporpartedeste grupo.
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38

Gu, Yuqing. "Home Wi-Fi Optimization Application Front-end Design." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215691.

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In this information society, wireless network is an indispensable technology supporting the daily information communication and various interaction services. With the motivation to improve the user experience of Wi-Fi service, this thesis presents the front-end development process of a visualization application for home Wi-Fi testing and optimization. To provide the desired service to the users, it is important to understand what they need. With prompt feedback, the development process can have much more customized schedule and specific aim. In this thesis, different methods are adopted to get the valuable feedbacks from potential users. Brainstorming and originality interview support the basic designing of application, which is presented by the wireframe prototype. The prototype were used for a test-run and get feedbacks in order to develop a web application front-end assimilating the ideas and suggestions from real users. As more detailed functionality are designed, the feasibility and practicability should be investigated. Questionnaires are used to do larger scale ranges of user investigation. The front-end is designed using HTML, CSS and JavaScript with Bootstrap framework. The elements within all the pages could be able to interact with each other to give the customers a visualized experienced of service. The web application provides the users with the functions to test the real-time Wi-Fi performance, check the performance trend of data history from a specific time period and get useful optimization solutions. The designing is aiming to synthesize enough accessible information and provide the users with self-helpful testing and optimization of home Wi-Fi, which can increase the efficiency of technical support and reduce the workload of customer service.
I detta informationssamhälle är trådlöst nätverk en oumbärlig teknik som stöder den dagliga informationskommunikationen och olika interaktionstjänster. Med motivationen att förbättra användarupplevelsen av Wi-Fi tjänsten presenterar denna avhandling utvecklingsprocessen för fronten av en visualiseringsapplikation för Wi-Fi-test och optimering av hemmet. För att tillhandahålla önskad service till användarna är det viktigt att förstå vad de behöver. Med snabb feedback kan utvecklingsprocessen ha mycket mer anpassat schema och specifikt syfte. I denna avhandling antas olika metoder för att få de värdefulla feedback från potentiella användare. Brainstorming och originalitet intervju stöder den grundläggande utformningen av applikationen, som presenteras av wireframe prototypen. Prototypen användes för en testkörning och fick feedback för att utveckla ett webbapplikationsfrontend assimilera id´eer och förslag från riktiga användare. Eftersom mer detaljerad funktionalitet är utformad bör genomförbarheten och genomförbarheten undersökas. Frågeformulär används för att göra större omfattning av användarutredningen. Fronten är utformad med hjälp av HTML, CSS och JavaScript med Bootstrap-ramverket. Elementen inom alla sidor skulle kunna interagera med varandra för att ge kunderna en visualiserad erfarenhet av service. Webapplikationen ger användarna funktionerna för att testa Wi-Fi-prestanda i realtid, kontrollera prestandatrenden i dataloggen från en viss tidsperiod och få användbara optimeringslösningar. Designen syftar till att syntetisera tillräckligt tillgång till information och ge användarna självhjälpt testning och optimering av Wi-Fi i hemmet, vilket kan öka effektiviteten av tekniskt stöd och minska arbetsbelastningen hos kundtjänst.
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39

Figueroa, Leonard J. "Aerospace Intrapreneurship: Systems Engineering an Aerospace Front End." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2017. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/394.

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40

Rabén, Hans. "Receiver Front-End Design for WiMAX/LTE in 90 nm CMOS : Receiver Front-End Design for WiMAX/LTE in 90 nm CMOS." Thesis, University of Gävle, Ämnesavdelningen för elektronik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-5425.

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41

Taghavi, Babak. "Design of Multiplexed LO Single Mixer Receiver Front-End." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-90238.

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A new quadrature receiver architecture is studied and designed in this thesis. In conventional quadrature receivers each of I and Q channels are downconverted separately using a mixer and a local oscillator (LO) in each path. On the other hand, the proposed architecture is based on multiplexed LO signals. As a result of multiplexing, just one LO buffer and one mixer are needed. A top-down approach is used in the design of this receiver front-end. In the first design phase, a theoretical proof for the multiplexed LO down-conversion is provided. After that, the ideal and non-ideal system level design is performed using Agilent’s ADS. At system level, the bit error rate, sensitivity, and selectivity of the receiver are carried out using for example, a Gaussian MSK modulation/demodulation. The next phase is the circuit level design. The LNA, mixer, frequency divider, LO multiplexer-buffer, demultiplexer, and baseband amplifier circuits are designed in Cadence using a 65nm CMOS technology. Different simulation setups and analyses, such as DC, AC, transient, HB, S-parameters, PSS, PAC, and NF are used in designing the sub-circuits of the receiver. The last phase of the design consists of floorplaning and layout of the chip. The completed receiver front-end circuit is simulated in transient mode for RF signals at 1GHz with data bandwidth of 1MHz. The receiver circuit consumes 38 mW power using a 1.2 V supply voltage.
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Eliassen, Thomas. "Design of a high IIP2 2.4GHz RF Front-end." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-9482.

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This master thesis presents the design of a high IIP2 direct-conversion receiver front-end, consisting of a LNA and I- and Q-channel mixers. The front-end is implemented in a 0.18 μm technology with 1.8V supply voltage. Problems that are especially severe for direct-conversion receivers are presented; 1/f-noise, DC offset, and second-order nonlinearity, with particular attention to the latter. Methods to improve the IIP2 are presented and explored in the design of the front-end. The complete front-end has -19.7 dBm IIP3, 4 dB noise figure, and consume 7.4mA of current from a 1.8V supply. Through mixer load tuning an IIP2 of more than +48 dBm is achieved for the front-end.

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43

Norrman, Christian. "Building a front-end framework with Web Components : A study about the next generation of front-end frameworks." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-19674.

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Context: As most modern browsers fully support the new set of APIs called Web Components, it is crucial to investigate how developers could use them to enhance the performance and developer experience of web development. When considering this, it is fitting to investigate both the technical and practical differences between modern libraries powered by the APIs, versus traditional libraries which do not. Objectives: In this study, traditional libraries using Virtual DOM got investigated to find out which differences exist when compared to modern ones using Web Components. To find out how this next generation of front-end libraries could utilize these new APIs to improve the build process of websites. If the APIs offer alternative ways for developers to achieve better performance and developer experience. Realization:  In order to fulfill the objectives, an empirical study and a literature review were conducted. In the literature review, we investigated how a set of well-known front-end libraries technically compares to new and aspiring Web Components based libraries. In the empirical study, a new Web Components library was built from the ground up with inspiration from Vuejs. With the help of modern code styles to achieve a fresh developer experience. Results: The results of the study show that Web Components based libraries tend to be quite powerful and offer excellent all-around performance. The created library, Kirei, reflected this as it became a powerful all-around library that offers a great developer experience. It also performed equally well or even better than Vue on most benchmarks. However, Vue was better at creating new elements while Kirei excelled at updating elements. In a way, the libraries excitingly contrasted with each other. Conclusions: While Vue and React are fundamentally different from Lit-Element, Heresy, and Kirei, they are alike in some sense. Most of the differences come from how the libraries apply updates to the DOM. While Web Components based libraries patch only the dynamic parts, Virtual DOM has to diff both the dynamic and static parts. Moreover, Kirei proved to be a robust framework that could compete with Vue and React. In some benchmarks, it proved to have an upper edge in performance.
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44

Tavakoli, Dastjerdi Maziar 1976. "An analog VLSI front end for pulse oximetry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36184.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 210-216).
Pulse oximetry is a fast, noninvasive, easy-to-use, and continuous method for monitoring the oxygen saturation of a patient's blood. In modem medical practice, blood oxygen level is considered one of the important vital signs of the body. The pulse oximeter system consists of an optoelectronic sensor that is normally placed on the subject's finger and a signal processing unit that computes the oxygen saturation. It uses red and infrared LEDs to illuminate the subject's finger. We present an advanced logarithmic photoreceptor which takes advantage of techniques such as distributed (cascaded) amplification, automatic loop gain control, and parasitic capacitance unilateralization to improve the performance and ameliorate certain shortcomings of existing logarithmic photoreceptors. These improvements allow us to reduce LED power significantly because of a more sensitive photoreceptor. Furthermore, the exploitation of the logarithmic nonlinearity inherent in transistors eliminates the need of performing some of the mathematical operations which are traditionally done in digital domain to calculate oxygen saturation and allows for a very area-efficient all-analog implementation. The need for an ADC and a DSP is thus completely eliminated.
(cont.) We show that our analog pulse oximeter constructed with red and infrared LEDs and our novel photoreceptor at its front end consumes 4.8mW of power whereas a custom-designed ASIC digital implementation (employing a conventional linear photoreceptor) and the best commercial pulse oximeter are estimated to dissipate 15.7mW and 55mW, respectively. The direct result of such power efficiency is that while the batteries in this commercial oximeter need replacement every 5 days (assuming four "AAA" 1.5V batteries are used), our analog pulse oximeter allows 2 months of operation. Therefore, our oximeter is well suited for portable medical applications such as continuous home-care monitoring for elderly or chronic patients, emergency patient transport, remote soldier monitoring, and wireless medical sensing.
by Maziar Tavakoli Dastjerdi.
Ph.D.
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Wikström, Anders. "Storyboarding : Framing and Reframing Opportunities in the Front-Front end of Innovation." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Innovation och produktrealisering, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-20882.

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This research proposes that design and visual thinking in combination with narrative theory contribute to enhance knowledge of innovation processes and support managers in their work. In particular, the focus is on the use of Storyboarding to support a better definition of a project’s brief. Innovation studies have shown that the initial phases of innovation processes (typically called the “front end of innovation”) are crucial for success. A proper definition of a brief, that occurs at the front of the front end, is therefore one of the most relevant events in innovation. This study investigates the early phases of innovation by developing and evaluating a new method for developing a brief. First, an explorative approach has been used in order to develop knowledge of challenges in the front end of innovation and how design thinking, visual thinking and narratives can bring new insights in teamwork. In this explorative search the use of case studies has been employed. Then, the explorative search has focused onthe use of Storyboarding as a tool for reflection, and in particular for igniting dynamics of framing and reframing of innovation problems. Finally, in order to create a deeper knowledge in the use of storyboarding three hypotheses has been evaluated, four experiments has been conducted with the involvement of more than 60 people defining innovation briefs. In these experiments, storyboarding (visual and narrative) has been used to support “thinking” that leads to the brief. In other words, storyboarding has been seen as a process to enable innovation teams to think differently or more precisely, rather than just a tool to represent or to communicate the brief. The experiments show that using storyboarding has effects that can support innovation management. First, storyboarding is useful if management wants to “stimulate” a reflection on meaning when developing a brief, i.e. when they want an innovation team to consider both utilitarian and emotional/symbolic factors in an innovation process. Second, Storyboarding brings a narrower focus, compared to traditional written briefs, within the “area of interest” brought up by management, which sometimes may be asked for when the organization is in search for reframing the direction of innovation.
Denna avhandling föreslår att design och visuellt tänkande i kombination med narrativ teori kan bidra till en bättre förståelse och ledning av innovationsprocesser. Framför allt med fokus på användningen av storyboarding för att stödja en bättre definition av ett projekts uppdragsbeskrivning, eller som det kallas en ”brief”. Tidigare innovationsforskning har visat att de inledande faserna av innovationsprocesser (vanligen kallad “the front end of innovation”) är av avgörande betydelse för att innovationer skall nå framgång. En ordentligt utformad ”brief”, formulerad tidigt, i de inledande faserna av innovationsprocessen är således en av de mest relevanta händelserna för framgångsrikt innovationsarbete. Denna forskning bidrar till kunskap i de tidiga faserna av innovationsprocessen genom att utveckla och utvärdera en ny metod för att utveckla en ”brief”, storyboarding. Först så har en explorativ metodik använts för att skapa förståelse för de tidiga faserna av innovation och hur metoder och teorier från design, visuellt tänkande och narrativ kan ge nya insikter i teamarbete. I denna explorativa del så har fallstudier använts som forskningsstrategi. Därefter så har mitt sökande efter förståelse fokuserats på användningen av storyboarding som ett verktyg för reflektion, och i synnerhet att formulera och omformulera inramningen av möjligheter för innovation. Slutligen, för att skapa en djupare förståelse av storyboarding, så har tre hypoteser utvärderats med hjälp av ett antal experiment med mer än 60 personers deltagande där team utvecklar en ”brief”. I dessa experiment så har Storyboarding använts för att stödja teamens “tänkande” för att utveckla en ”brief”. Med andra ord så har Storyboarding setts som en process för att möjliggöra för team att tänka annorlunda eller mer exakt, snarare än bara ett verktyg för att representera eller för att kommunicera en ”brief”. Experimenten visar att användningen av Storyboarding har ett antal effekter som kan stödja ledning av innovation. För det första kan vi se att Storyboarding kan vara användbart om man vill “stimulera” reflektion kopplat till innebörd (meaning) när man utvecklar en ”brief”, dvs. när man vill att ett team ska överväga både funktionella så väl som känslomässiga/symboliska faktorer i en innovationsprocess. För det andra så skapar storyboarding en ”smalare” definition, jämfört med traditionella skriftliga ”briefs”, inom det av ledningen valda fokusområde. Detta kan vara önskvärt när ledningen söker efter nya möjligheter för innovation.
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"Assessing the Maturity and Accuracy of Front End Engineering Design (FEED) for Large, Complex Industrial Projects." Doctoral diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53480.

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abstract: Planning efforts conducted during the early stages of a construction project, known as front end planning (FEP), have a large impact on project success and significant influence on the configuration of the final project. As a key component of FEP, front end engineering design (FEED) plays an essential role in the overall success of large industrial projects. The primary objective of this dissertation focuses on FEED maturity and accuracy and its impact on project performance. The author was a member of the Construction Industry Institute (CII) Research Team (RT) 331, which was tasked to develop the FEED Maturity and Accuracy Total Rating System (FEED MATRS), pronounced “feed matters.” This dissertation provides the motivation, methodology, data analysis, research findings (which include significant correlations between the maturity and accuracy of FEED and project performance), applicability and contributions to academia and industry. A scientific research methodology was employed in this dissertation that included a literature review, focus groups, an industry survey, data collection workshops, in-progress projects testing, and statistical analysis of project performance. The results presented in this dissertation are based on input from 128 experts in 57 organizations and a data sample of 33 completed and 11 on-going large industrial projects representing over $13.9 billion of total installed cost. The contributions of this work include: (1) developing a tested FEED definition for the large industrial projects sector, (2) determining the industry’s state of practice for measuring FEED deliverables, (3) developing an objective and scalable two-dimensional method to measure FEED maturity and accuracy, and (4) quantifying that projects with high FEED maturity and accuracy outperformed projects with low FEED maturity and accuracy by 24 percent in terms of cost growth, in relation to the approved budget.
Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Construction Management 2019
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47

Pereira, Ariane Rodrigues. "Shaping an Integrative Front End of Innovation (FEI) in a Design Science Approach." Tese, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/108085.

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Pereira, Ariane Rodrigues. "Shaping an Integrative Front End of Innovation (FEI) in a Design Science Approach." Doctoral thesis, 2017. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/108085.

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49

Bautista-Delgado, Alfredo Farid. "Design of an ultra low voltage analog front end for an electroencephalography system." Phd thesis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00418802.

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Ce travail de thèse présente la conception et le développement d' un circuit intégré frontal analogique (AFE) pour un système d' électroencéphalographie portable. L' AFE est constitué d'un un amplificateur ultra-basse tension et d'un Convertisseur Analogique Numérique (ADC) Sigma Delta en Temps Continu (CT). Ce système AFE a été conçu dans une technologie CMOS 0,35 mm. Ce circuit de très basse consommation est alimenté avec une tension de seulement 0,5V.

Afin de permettre un véritable fonctionnement en très basse tension, tous les transistors fonctionnent dans la région de faible inversion. Le pré-amplificateur se compose d'un étage d'entrée basé sur une architecture de type cascode replié (OTA-FC) et un d'un étage de sortie basé sur un amplificateur de type “Current Source”.

Pour le convertisseur analogique numérique, une architecture de type Sigma-Delta, composée d'un modulateur à temps continu (CT-Sigma Delta), a été choisi afin d'avoir une consommation de puissance très faible. Le filtre de décimation du convertisseur est basé sur une architecture de filtre à réponse impulsionnelle finie (FIR). Le Modulateur est alimenté avec une tension de seulement 0,5V alors que le filtre numérique nécessite une tension de 1V.

Les résultats de test montrent que l'OTA a un gain de boucle ouverte de 38,8dB pour le premier étage et de 18,6dB pour l'étage de sortie. Cet OTA a une largeurs de bande pour le premier étage et le second étage de 10,23KHz et 6,45KHz, respectivement. Les autres caractéristiques obtenues pour l'OTA sont: bruit de sortie de 1,4mVrms@100Hz et consommation de 1,89mW. L' ADC quant à affiche les caractéristiques suivantes : un SNR de 94,2dB, un ENOB de 15,35bits, une INL de +0,34/-2,3 LSB, et une DNL +0,783/-0,62LSB avec aucun code manquant. Le Modulateur a une consommation de puissance de 7mW. L' AFE proposé proposé dans ce travail possède des caractéristiques qui le place parmi les plus performants comparé aux autres réalisation décrites dans la littérature. Les caractéristiques obtenues pour le circuit permettent d'envisager sont utilisation pour des applications biomédicales de très basse consommation telles que les dispositifs portatifs d'électro-encéphalographie (EEG)

En plus du modulateur de CT-Σ∆ développé en technologies CMOS 0,35um, un autre modulateur a été conçu utilisant des technologies CMOS 0,13µm, basées sur le temps discret. La simulation affiche un SNR de 92dB et un ENOB de 14.99dB pour une fréquence de sur-échantillonnage (OSR) de 150.
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50

Roopram, Kelesh D. "Design considerations and implementation of a RF front-end for CDMA adaptive array system." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5389.

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Recent studies have shown that considerable system capacity gains in mobile communication systems can be obtained by exploiting the use of antenna arrays at the base station. Unfortunately, these studies make little mention of practical issues concerning implementation. It is thus one of the objectives of the Centre of Excellence (CoE) in Radio Access Technologies at the University of Natal to investigate the development of a widehand CDMA adaptive array transceiver using Alcatel software radios as the transceiver platforms. Such a transceiver system can be subdivided into three major sections: RF front-end, signal digitization and baseband processing stages. Due to the enormity of such an undertaking, the research outlined in this thesis is focused on (but not isolated to) some aspects of the RF front-end implementation for the proposed system. The work in this thesis can be catergorized into two sections. The first section focuses on the theoretical and practical (or implementation) aspects of antenna arrays and beamforming. In particular, it is evident that digital (rather than analogue) beamforming in a multi user environment, is a more viable option from both a cost and implementation standpoint. The second section evaluates the impact of RF component noise and local oscillator generated phase noise in a DS-CDMA system. The implementation of a RP front-end for a BPSK transceiver also forms part of the work in this section. LO phase noise and Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) measurements are performed on this system to support relevant theory. By use of the HP89410A phase noise measurement utility and the phase noise theory developed in this thesis, a quantitative phase noise comparison between two frequency sources used in the system were made. EVM measurement results conclusively verified the importance of an LNA in the system. It has also been shown that the DS-CDMA simulated system exhibits superior performance to the implemented BPSK system. Furthermore, an EVM troubleshooting methodology is introduced to identify possible impairments within the BPSK receiver RF front-end. However, this thesis was written with the intention of bridging the gap between the theoretical and practical implementation aspects of RP wireless communication systems. It is the author's opinion that this has been achieved to a certain extent.
Thesis (M.Sc.Eng.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2000.
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