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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Front end loading

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Academic literature on the topic 'Front end loading'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Front end loading"

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Newman, David, Steve Begg, and Matthew Welsh. "Front end loading: misunderstood or misapplied?" APPEA Journal 56, no. 1 (2016): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj15019.

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Historically, oil and gas projects have struggled to achieve promised outcomes. Research has demonstrated that a good predictor of project outcomes is the level of front end loading (FEL) achieved at the final investment decision (FID). Specifically, projects with high levels of FEL have more predictable costs, shorter schedules and better production attainment. Anecdotally, however, the application of FEL within the industry is patchy, with many companies advocating its use but allowing projects to pass decision gates with incomplete levels of FEL. To understand why this occurs, the authors have interviewed more than 30 senior personnel from a range of oil and gas companies, asking them a series of questions about their understanding and acceptance of FEL. Those interviewed had significant experience, averaging more than 25 years in oil and gas, and more than 20 years’ experience on opportunities and projects. Results suggest that, while FEL is highly regarded and the concept is well understood, it is not always applied appropriately. It is used as a final hurdle—checking the level of FEL just prior to the FID—rather than as a guide from the early stages to determine what work needs to be focused on to achieve a good FEL score. Furthermore, lower FEL benchmark scores are often overridden by expert judgment, justified by a project’s unique characteristics, allowing it to proceed. This approach, focusing on the specific attributes of a project and ignoring general effects or predictive models such as FEL benchmarking, is referred to as taking an inside view and is known to produce inferior results, such as cost and time overruns. The authors argue that a stricter application of FEL and benchmarking predictions, integrating it from the early stages of projects and allowing overrides only in truly exceptional cases, will produce superior outcomes.

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Beare, John B. "Uncertainty and front-end loading of labor agreements." Journal of Labor Research 6, no. 1 (March 1985): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02685156.

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Denney, Dennis. "Front-End Loading for Change Management and Capability Delivery." Journal of Petroleum Technology 62, no. 10 (October 1, 2010): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1010-0061-jpt.

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Miao, Chun-He, Liang-Zhu Yuan, Jian-Hua Lu, Peng-Fei Wang, and Song-Lin Xu. "Deformation evolution and diffusion characteristics of PMMA under impact loading." Acta Physica Sinica 71, no. 21 (2022): 216201. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.71.20220740.

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Dynamic compression experiments on cubic polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) specimens and two kinds of trapezoid PMMA specimens are carried by changing the transmission bars into steel bar and aluminum bar on the experimental device of split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). The compression processes of PMMA specimens are recorded by high-speed photography, and the breakage processes of PMMA specimens are analyzed based on the force displacement curves and high-speed images. The evolutions of deformation and diffusion resistances of PMMA specimens under impact loading are discussed. The results show that the failure of the sample is caused mainly by the partial failure front at the contact end, and then the failure front propagates to the inside of the sample, s leading the sample to break. The failure front of cubic sample is generated preferentially at the transmission end under low speed impact and at the incident end under the higher speed impact. After changing the shape of the specimen and the material of the transmission bar, the relaxation phenomenon is prominent, and the failure front occurs only at the incident end. The compressive deformation of the trapezoid sample before breakage is non-uniform, and the stress and strain in the sample gradually decrease with the increase of the cross section, and show a linear diffusion distribution. The strain distribution and shear activation diffusion equation are used to obtain the generalized diffusion resistance distribution of the failure front. The generalized diffusion resistance increases first in front of the failure front and decreases after the failure front, and the amplitude of the generalized diffusion resistance is related to the release of local strain energy.

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Yusuf F, Akhmad, Ilyas Nuryasin, and Zamah Sari. "Optimasi Kecepatan Loading Time Web Template Dengan Implementasi Teknik Front-End." Jurnal Repositor 2, no. 11 (December 4, 2020): 1456. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/repositor.v2i11.746.

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AbstrakSitus web merupakan sekumpulan dokumen Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) statis yang dibangun untuk memudahkan setiap orang berbagi informasi, selama terhubung ke dalam jaringan internet. Salah satu bagian dari sistem sebuah situs web adalah web template. Web template adalah komponen dasar dari sistem web template berguna untuk memudahkan pengembang web merancang ulang sebuah halaman web. Salah satu yang mempengaruhi kinerja halaman web yaitu loading time, dimana loading time adalah waktu yang dibutuhkan oleh browser agar dapat menampilkan halaman web secara menyeluruh oleh pengguna ketika pengguna melakukan request, selain itu loading time merupakan salah satu bagian penting dari optimasi situs web. Optimasi merupakan suatu proses dimana memodifikasi atau merubah sesuatu yang telah ada agar efektifitasnya meningkat. Dalam sebuah situs web, terdapat beberapa konsep dalam optimasi, yaitu First Paint, Time To Interactivity (TTI), First Meaningful Paint (FMP) dan Long Task. Berdasarkan penelitian-penelitian yang sudah ada, diketahui bahwa optimasi loading time web dapat dilakukan dari sisi front-end. Oleh karena itu pada penelitian ini melakukan teknik optimasi dengan menggunakan critical rendering path, above the fold, priority resource, bundle and minify, gzip, dan splitting code. Hasil dari peforma web berdasarkan metriks first meaningful paint (FMP), first contetful paint (FCP), dan time to interactivity (TTI) mengalami peningkatan rata-rata kecepatan (perosentase) yaitu FMP sebesar 73%, FCP sebesar 60%, TTI sebesar 50%, dan loading time sebesar 29%. Selanjutnya, pada resource file rata-rata ukuran file menurun sebesar 59% dan jumlah request file menurun sebesar 21%.AbstractWebsite is a collection of HTML documents that are built to make it easy for everyone to share information, as long as they are connected to the internet. One part of a website system is a web template. Web templates are the basic components of a web template system useful for making it easy for web developers to redesign a web page. One that affects the performance of web pages is loading time, where loading time is the time needed by the browser to be able to display the web page as a whole by the user when the user makes a request, besides that loading time is one important part of website optimization. Optimization is a process where modifying or changing something that already exists in order to increase its effectiveness. In a website, there are several concepts in optimization, namely First Paint, Time To Interactivity, and First Meaningful Paint Based on existing research, it is known that web loading time optimization can be done from the front-end side. Therefore, in this study, optimization techniques using critical rendering path, above the fold, priority resources, bundle and minify, gzip, and splitting code. The implementation of matrics first meaningful paint (FMP), first contetful paint (FCP), dan time to interactivity (TTI) make increase average of speed FMP as 73%, FCP as 60%, TTI as 50%, and loading time as 29%. And then average of resource file decrease as 59% and total file of request decrease as 21%.

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Allen, Jeanne Maree, and Mark Richard Sinclair. "The Limitations of Front-end Loading in Undergraduate University Programs." Journal of the World Universities Forum 4, no. 2 (2011): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1835-2030/cgp/v04i02/56740.

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Hansen, Seng, Eric Too, and Tiendung Le. "Retrospective look on front-end planning in the construction industry: Aliterature review of 30 years of research." International Journal of Construction Supply Chain Management 8, no. 1 (July 31, 2018): 19–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14424/ijcscm801018-19-42.

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Academics and practitioners have paid close attention to front-end planning research, especially in the construction industry. It is known with many acronyms including pre-project planning and front-end loading. Since 1994, Construction Industry Institute (CII) has set front-end planning as one of themain research topicareas in their knowledge structure. A lot of research related to front-end planning and project scope definition has been conductedsince then. However, there lacks a comprehensive review of the currentstudies on the topic. Thus, the objective of this research was to undertake a comprehensive literature review of papers related to front-end planning. Reviewing 83 selected papers, this research raises several important issues regarding front-end planning such as the position of front-end planning in project life cycle, the differentiation between front-end planning and project planning, the significance of front-end planning, the front-end planning organization management, the front-end planning phases, the challenges in front-end planning implementation, and the identification of research gaps in front-end planning. The findings of this research contribute to furtherunderstanding of front-end planning andwould be useful for practitioners and academics to conduct further empirical studies on the subject matter.

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Jergeas, George. "Analysis of the Front-End Loading of Alberta Mega Oil Sands Projects." Project Management Journal 39, no. 4 (December 2008): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmj.20080.

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Malon, H., A. Ayuda, F. J. Garcia-Ramos, M. Vidal, and J. Cuartero. "Application of Low-Cost Sensors for the Development of a Methodology to Design Front-End Loaders for Tractors." Journal of Sensors 2020 (February 28, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3504389.

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Tractor front-end loaders are an essential part of the equipment used on farms. At present, there are an important number of small- and medium-sized companies involved in the manufacturing of this equipment. These companies rely heavily on experience for innovative designs, as in the vast majority of cases they lack access to adequate methodology for the optimal design of new front-end loaders. The study conducted has developed a methodology to design tractor front-end loaders with a view of obtaining their accurate design during the bucket loading process. The methodology comprises two phases: the first phase involves a numerical analysis of the structural behaviour of the front-end loader components by means of the Finite Element Method; the second phase, the experimental phase, makes use of low-cost sensors, in particular, strain gauges, to analyse existing strains at selected points in the front-end loader structure. The experimental results obtained by means of low-cost sensors fitted onto the front-end loader allow analysing the existing strains at the points measured, as well as validate the numerical model developed. This methodology is validated by applying it to a commercial front-end loader, more specifically to model 430E2 of the company Maquinaria Agrícola El León S.A (Spain).

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Madau, Riccardo, Daniele Colombara, Addison Alexander, Andrea Vacca, and Luigi Mazza. "An online estimation algorithm to predict external forces acting on a front-end loader." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 235, no. 9 (March 27, 2021): 1678–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09596518211005583.

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One of the most significant goals of earthmoving equipment is to maximize productivity during loading cycles. A real-time knowledge of the forces exchanged between the machine implement and the surrounding, that is, while digging, can be used in different ways to increase productivity. It can be used to determine the amount of material moved by the machine; or to find the optimal bucket trajectory; moreover, as input to traction control systems. This article presents an online force estimation algorithm able to predict vertical and horizontal forces exchanged between the front-loader and the surrounding environment, as well as the reaction forces through the implement itself. Taking the case of a 14-ton wheel loader as reference, this article illustrates the development of a simulation model for the analysis of the machine digging system, along with the instrumentation and testing of the proposed estimation algorithm. The model is divided into two sections describing, respectively, system kinematic and system dynamics. The kinematic model of the front-loader is compared against measurements, and results show an average error lower than 1%. The dynamic model predicts both hydraulic and dynamic features of the machine implement, achieving an accuracy on the payload mass within 2%–3%, even during dynamic conditions. The estimated pushing force reflects the expected behavior when tested for various pushing efforts and in different ground conditions. Eventually, the algorithm was tested on a complete loading cycle and the results show good consistency considering the measured front-loader trajectory and vehicle speed. The proposed model overcomes some drawbacks of the currently used technologies. For example, it allows for an online estimation of the bucket forces for any position of the implement. Although the results discussed in this article pertain to a specific reference machine, the proposed method can be extended to most wheel loaders equipped with standard digging equipment.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Front end loading"

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Houlahan, Christina Jampoler. "Reduction of front-end loading of inventory : making the airframe industry lean through better inventory management." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10795.

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Al-Saffar, Ali. "An investigation into the project scope of work role and characteristics, and its development process enablers and barriers in the Oil and Gas Sector : a comparative case study, Saudi Arabia." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-investigation-into-the-project-scope-of-work-role-and-characteristics-and-its-development-process-enablers-and-barriers-in-the-oil-and-gas-sector-a-comparative-case-study-saudi-arabia(4bf3c4d8-cfc8-4061-b9e5-f95fb45b5ee3).html.

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A critical issue that faces the Saudi Arabia Oil and Gas Sector (OGS)'s projects is the high level of uncertainty in the successful delivery of those projects. That high level of uncertainty makes it vital to monitor and control project performance for limiting financial losses, avoiding cost overruns, and improving predictability. One of the fundamental tools that sets the framework for project performance is the project Scope of Work (SOW). Having an effective project SOW at the front end the project is challenging for project practitioners and is an issue that needs to be addressed; as its development process and output can significantly affect the later stages of the project life cycle. The aim of this study was to develop a clearer understanding of the project SOW role in a project development and to make practical recommendations for its improvement by investigating project team members' perceptions of the SOW development process in two Saudi Arabian Oil and Gas companies. This research adopts a qualitative approach, a case study strategy and focus group discussions to collect primary data. The results suggested that the project SOW development process is the foundation for another twelve key project management processes that need to be considered in order to successfully complete a project On Scope, On Time, On Cost and On Strategy. To be considered effective, the project SOW should have the following four characteristics of: formality, usefulness, effective content elements and effective language quality. In addition, the project SOW should support effective decision making, risk management, project planning and project monitoring and control. The results show that the project SOW in Saudi Arabia OGS is developed in several phases as part of Front-End Loading (FEL) development and final project SOW is developed and approved at the end of the 2nd phase of FEL (FEL-2). It was found that there are eleven key enablers, such as clear vision, targets, and objectives; effective stakeholders' engagement; and effective assurance review process, for producing an effective project SOW. While eleven key barriers for producing an effective SOW were identified such as: absence of reward system; insufficient training programs; and insufficient budget. Therefore, enhancing the key enablers and overcoming the barriers may facilitated improvements in the project SOW development process. This study recommends that companies need to pay closer attention to the design of the temporary organisation and accordingly set their strategy, structure, process, rewards and people. The researcher details some implications, acknowledges some limitations and provides recommendations for future research in this area.

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Vorster, Francois. "Critical factors for project success in an engineering environment / Francois Vorster." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2341.

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Not every project deserving of success achieves it. Conversely, not every project heading for the scrap heap arrives. The journey to project success is long and hard and does not happen overnight. To understand the journey to project success we need to understand what makes a project successful. A successful project can be classified as a Project of which the costs did not exceed 25% of the agreed capital approved with a less than 25% schedule slip and with all the operational problems being sorted out in less than a year. Project success potential, can be increased by focusing on the critical factors listed in this study, namely: Project Front End Loading (FEL), high calibre project teams, and people skills/soft skills of project management. The success of a project can be increased when the project has high calibre project teams starting the project with very effective Front End Loading (FEL) and keep project team members continuity based on the fact that the project is managed by a project manager understanding people who have the soft skill to lead and influence the project team, rather than managing the team. The research was conducted by means of a literature and empirical study. The literature study documents the critical factors for project success. Knowledge gained from the literature study formed the basis for the empirical study to test critical factors for project success in practice and the recommendations can be read in chapter four.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2009.

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Wilson, Welma. "Document management system in owner companies during project execution / W. Wilson." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4146.

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Owner companies should consider all elements of Document Management during a project’s life cycle, identify shortcomings and address them successfully to ensure successful completion of projects and ultimately to also ensure legal compliance as stipulated by contractual agreements. Proper governance during the execution of projects involves, amongst others, the establishment of structures and processes, with appropriate checks and balances built into these structures and processes, to enable all stakeholders to be in a position to have access to relevant documentation. Executing projects makes a huge demand on the flow and management of project related documentation through the different phases of these projects. The research, as documented in this dissertation, investigates and evaluates whether Sasol Technology, as the project execution agent for the Sasol Business Units, has efficient governing Document Management processes and procedures in place to support the successful execution of capital projects. Sasol Technology uses a stage gate model, associated with project life cycles, as a systematic approach for the execution of capital projects. Document Management is a new business function that was established in 2008. Not all the functions involved in the life cycle of project execution are fully aligned with the central function managing documentation. There is thus a need for a fully integrated Document Management System, involving all the functions of Sasol which are involved during the different phases of project execution. The literature study analyses existing world best document management and records management practices and procedures and points out that meticulous and strict document and records management practices form the backbone of organisational authentic evidence compliance. The research design method that was chosen to authenticate the research question is an Exploratory Qualitative Approach, combined with a Descriptive Approach. Results are obtained from a combination of three methods. Published and available existing data of how documents are managed in Sasol was gathered and secondary findings are established. Focused and structured interviews were then conducted with experienced team members from the different functions involved in project execution and lastly, e-mail administrated questionnaires were developed and distributed to relevant project team members within Sasol Technology to assess the current system and to determine additional requirements for an enhanced Document Management System, specifically applicable to owner companies in the project execution environment. Whereas the scrutiny of the secondary sources provides a background and the progress iii made with regard to setting requirements for a standardised Document Management System for the execution of projects in the Sasol Technology and some of the other Sasol Business Units, the primary data findings indicate how the project team members perceive the existing Sasol Technology Document Management System to be. Key findings include, that documentation life cycle management is not fully developed and needs to be addressed in the Sasol Technology project execution environment. Furthermore, integration of the documentation management of the various departments, functions and structures in Sasol will enable better and improved management of project documentation. The specific output of this dissertation is the recommendation of an improved Document Management System to allow the different functions within Sasol Technology and some other Sasol Business Units to have access to an integrated system, included in it all relevant documentation requirements during the life cycle of projects. An added deliverable is a framework of requirements to be included in a document management philosophy, not only for Sasol, but also for other owner companies during project execution.
Thesis (M.Ing. (Development and Management Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

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Newman, David John. "Decision-Making for Oil and Gas Projects: Using Front End Loading and Decision Analysis More Effectively." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/121701.

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The oil & gas industry has a history of projects not achieving the outcomes promised at sanction. It is well-known that good Front End Loading (FEL) will increase the likelihood of project success. However, despite this, a significant number of projects proceed with insufficient FEL. This research aims to find out why this is, and to develop ways of influencing decision makers so that FEL will be used more effectively in future. Making high quality decisions is the best way of maximising the likelihood of achieving desirable outcomes. Decision Analysis (DA) is a pragmatic methodology for making high quality decisions that has been around for many decades. However, it is not always used when making key decisions on oil and gas projects. This research aims to determine why this is, and to find ways to influence decision makers to use DA more effectively. Interviews and a survey were carried out with senior personnel from oil and gas companies to determine their knowledge and understanding of FEL and DA, how they think they should be used and how they are used in practice. These studies demonstrated a strong belief that FEL must be carried out if a project is to be successful, and that DA needs to be applied for major decisions - but these only happen in practice around half of the time. A follow up survey was carried out to clarify issues outstanding from the interviews and the initial survey, and to determine the likely uptake of proposals to encourage better use to be made of FEL and DA. There was strong support for the proposals which included developing a simple tool to give a pragmatic assessment of FEL, having performance incentives based on achieving good FEL and high Decision Quality, and undertaking training on project decision making. An experiment was set up to investigate how training, and the way a decision is framed, influence the approach taken for project decision making. Half of the participants received training by watching three short online videos, the other half received no training. They all then answered questions on three decision making scenarios for projects. The results showed that training influenced decisionmakers to take a more structured and process-based approach, and that the way a decision is framed by an authority figure has a strong influence on the approach taken for project decision making. An alternative way of assessing FEL has been developed to encourage FEL to be used more effectively and increase the likelihood of delivering better project outcomes. It is a simple, decision-based approach to assessing FEL which can be carried out in-house. It is proposed that it is used in conjunction with FEL benchmarking to gain the benefits of both approaches, provide a better understanding of FEL, and have a stronger basis for decision-making.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Australian School of Petroleum, 2019

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Books on the topic "Front end loading"

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Patty, Robert M. Lean operations for front-end-loading, engineering, procurement, and construction: Lead innovation, shorten cycle time, eliminate error, improve quality, reduce costs. Boca Raton: Universal Publishers, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Front end loading"

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Bereś, Wiesław. "Dynamical Loadings of Booms in Front-End Wheel Loaders." In Mining Machines and Earth-Moving Equipment, 133–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25478-0_6.

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"Front End Loading 1." In Guidelines for Integrating Process Safety into Engineering Projects, 46–55. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118795125.ch3.

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"Front End Loading 2." In Guidelines for Integrating Process Safety into Engineering Projects, 56–79. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118795125.ch4.

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"Front End Loading 3." In Guidelines for Integrating Process Safety into Engineering Projects, 80–120. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118795125.ch5.

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Farrelly, John. "Preparing for Uncertainty: Why Front End Loading Matters in Predicting Reservoir Behavior." In Answering the Challenges of Production from Deep-Water Reservoirs: Analogues and Case Histories to aid a New Generation: 28th Annual, 1–4. SOCIETY OF ECONOMIC PALEONTOLOGISTS AND MINERALOGISTS, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5724/gcs.08.28.0001.

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Hohn, Michael Edward. "Principal Component Analysis Of Three -Way Data." In Computers in Geology - 25 Years of Progress. Oxford University Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195085938.003.0020.

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Extension of conventional eigenvector analysis to three-way sets of data is possible through three-mode principal component analysis. First introduced in the 1960's, this method gives three sets of loadings corresponding to the three ways in the data, e.g., variable, location, and time. A core matrix relates loadings across modes. Data must be centered and scaled before analysis, and as in conventional two-way analysis, preprocessing options affect the reduction in dimensionality and the appearance of the results. An example using water quality data illustrates the method and preprocessing effects. Although three-way tables can be studied through conventional analysis of a two-way table created by combining two modes of the data, three-mode analysis treats each mode separately and with the same weight. In addition, a restricted three-mode principal component model avoids problems in rotational indeterminacy, and results in a particularly simple model. Factor analysis or principal component analysis begins with a two-way table with samples along one margin and variables along the other. For instance, samples may be arranged as rows and variables as columns. R-mode analysis of the columns displays interdependencies among variables and Q-mode analysis displays similarities among samples. The analysis increases in complexity if a set of variables is repeatedly observed on the same samples; each set of measurements might represent a different experimental condition, chemical or sedimentological fraction, or simply geologic time. The resulting table of data can be visualized as a three-dimensional block: horizontal slices represent samples, vertical slices parallel with the front represent variables, and vertical slices parallel with the ends represent different conditions, times, or fractions. For example, Oudin (1970) performed elemental analyses of organic extracts from Jurassic shales in the Paris basin. Samples represented very different depths of maximum burial. Each was fractionated into several extracts according to solubility in organic solvents. Data published by Oudin (1970) have the three ways: locality, fraction, and element. Multivariate analysis of these data was presented by Hohn (1979). Hohn and Friberg (1979) applied principal component analysis to petrographic data in which the three modes were sample, mineral phase, and chemical component.

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Conference papers on the topic "Front end loading"

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Batavia, Rajen. "Front-End Loading for Life Cycle Success." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/12980-ms.

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Muhammad Yasin, Muhammad Yazuwan Sallij, Widiyanto Wisono, and Prabagar Murukesavan. "Adaption of Front End Loading in Crisis Management." In Offshore Technology Conference Asia. Offshore Technology Conference, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/30099-ms.

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Popham, Michael Charles. "Front End Loading for Change Management and Capability Delivery." In SPE Intelligent Energy Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/128227-ms.

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Newman, David, Steve Begg, and Matthew Welsh. "Simplified Front End Loading: A Route to Better Project Outcomes." In SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/202220-ms.

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Ferrario, Giorgio, and Salvatore Grimaldi. "Asset Integrity Management - Implementation Plan During Front End Loading Phases." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207756-ms.

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Abstract Capitalization of lessons learned on Asset Integrity Management during Front End Loading phases of a green field Project Development, by defining plan for implementation of a diagnostic digital tool for reducing downtime and introduce predictive maintenance during Operation. Eni developed a platform of Digital applications for enhanced Operations management by implementing an Integrated Asset Management (IAM) system. Advanced Analytics tool is part of it and is designed for monitoring, foreseeing and preventing production upsets and anomalies; the tool is set up by verification of areas of interest and criticalities, with identification of main equipment data sets and by the implementation and validation of predictive models. Starting from historical data, data scientists supported by experts develop algorithms capable of finding interdependencies between a set of input variables and an output variable (phenomenon to be predicted/monitored), thus detecting anomalies and criticalities. Main areas of benefit are envisaged on Production continuity, capable of predicting problems on static and rotating equipment and giving information on the most impacting variables on the incipient problems. The tool will support technicians to help them preventing failures and out-of-specs events which may cause loss of production or asset integrity issues, with the activation of predictive maintenance and the aim to strive a continuous monitoring and improvement of plant operational performances. An Energy Efficiency predictive model will also be set up, capable of forecasting the future energy performances of the asset through the prediction of the Stationary Combustion of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emission index (t CO2/kbbl) and providing the list of the main influencing equipment and variables. The plan for implementation of the tool from the Early phases of development help the organization on prioritizing the implementation of Digital tools as part of the execution and realization of the Asset to be delivered to the Operational personnel, by easing the transition and avoiding subsequent retrofitting carrying brownfield works and additional costs. The implementation of Advanced Analytics tool has been embedded in a new green field initiative of a Development Project since Front End Loading phases, thus fostering digital implementation and minimizing deployment costs by including those as part of the Investment Proposal presented to Joint Venture Partners and Authorities.

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Saputelli, Luigi Alfonso, Alan Black, Herminio Passalacua, and Kevin Barry. "Front-End-Loading (FEL) Process Supporting Optimum Field Development Decision Making." In SPE Kuwait Oil and Gas Show and Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/167655-ms.

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Manokaran, Padmanaban, Fahad Al Rumaithi, Mohamad Bara Adi, and Saeed Khalfan Al Suwaidi. "Effective Front-End Loading Management - Most Occurred Flaws in FEL Execution." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210881-ms.

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Abstract:

Abstract Project Management team aims to strive for 100% success all the time. it's no secret that sometimes projects fail due to various reasons. But a project failure doesn't have to be the end of the story. Project failures can often offer valuable lessons for future project planning. Given the magnitude of investment observed in an Upstream Projects, it is necessary to adopt appropriate methods and processes to ensure the economic viability of the projects, as well as to effectively control the fulfilment of scope, schedule, quality and risk mitigation. The oil and gas industry has consistently used the combination of both methodologies of the PMI and IPA in the development of major projects, with particular attention on the front-end loading methodology (FEL), which combines an approach of so-called "rolling wave planning", with a vision of technical and cost integration in the light of other Project execution techniques. Certainly, most of Capital projects had fulfilled all the mandatory Front-End Loading (FEL) requirements set by an organization. However, at sanction gate only very few projects are allowed to proceed for execution, and rest are directed to redo or retrofit the FEL's. This Paper aims to capture the most occurred flaws in FEL execution of Upstream Oil & Gas Projects as below: Over Design & Gold PlatingIncomplete Technology SelectionPoor definition of Brownfield Works & Lack of Interface ManagementUnderstating Infrastructure RequirementsLow Stakeholder EngagementUnresolved Risks & UncertaintiesEstimating ErrorsOverly Optimistic Economics In addition, it also presents recommendations to improve the FEL execution and minimize the potential design changes during Project execution. It can be seen clearly all the above issues are often occurring in most of the Capital projects during FEL execution. These findings can be viewed as a lesson learned approach for all Oil & Gas Upstream capital Projects. This will guide Owners Project Management team better understanding of FEL issues at upfront while developing new projects or executing the FEL phase within budget, on schedule with desired quality.

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Mishar, Syahrilyan Novizar. "Improving Major Project Development Trough A Front End Loading Management System: Medco." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/162254-ms.

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Smith, G. L., R. N. Williamson, and P. C. Seals. "Front End Loading Pays Dividends On A Deep Exploration Well in North Texas." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/38602-ms.

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Al-Dousari, Fahad. "Process Safety in Front-End Loading for Delivery of Mega Sour Gas Projects." In SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/182474-ms.

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