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Journal articles on the topic 'FRP composite'
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1
Wang, Bachtiar, Yan, Kasal, and Fiore. "Flax, Basalt, E-Glass FRP and Their Hybrid FRP Strengthened Wood Beams: An Experimental Study." Polymers 11, no. 8 (July 29, 2019): 1255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11081255.
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In this study, the structural behavior of small-scale wood beams externally strengthened with various fiber strengthened polymer (FRP) composites (i.e., flax FRP (FFRP), basalt FRP (BFRP), E-glass FRP (“E” stands for electrical resistance, GFRP) and their hybrid FRP composites (HFRP) with different fiber configurations) were investigated. FRP strengthened wood specimens were tested under bending and the effects of different fiber materials, thicknesses and the layer arrangements of the FRP on the flexural behavior of strengthened wood beams were discussed. The beams strengthened with flax FRP showed a higher flexural loading capacity in comparison to the beams with basalt FRP. Flax FRP provided a comparable enhancement in the maximum load with beams strengthened with glass FRP at the same number of FRP layers. In addition, all the hybrid FRPs (i.e., a combination of flax, basalt and E-glass FRP) in this study exhibited no significant enhancement in load carrying capacity but larger maximum deflection than the single type of FRP composite. It was also found that the failure modes of FRP strengthened beams changed from tensile failure to FRP debonding as their maximum bending load increased.
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Han, Jie, J. David Frost, and Vicki L. Brown. "Design of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Piles Under Vertical and Lateral Loads." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1849, no. 1 (January 2003): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1849-09.
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Conventional pile materials, such as steel, concrete, and wood, can encounter serious corrosion problems in industrial and marine environments. Deterioration of steel, concrete, and wood piling systems has cost the military and civilian marine and waterfront civil engineering communities billions of dollars to repair and replace. Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have desirable properties for extreme environments because they are noncorrosive, nonconductive, and lightweight. Different types of FRP composite piles are currently under research investigation, and some have been introduced to the marketplace. FRP composites have been used as internal reinforcement in concrete piles; as external shells for steel, concrete, and timber piles; and as structural piles such as FRP pipe piles, reinforced plastic piles, and plastic fender piles. The different ways of constituting FRP composite piles result in different behavioral effects. Because FRP structural piles have anisotropic properties, low section stiffness, and high ratios of elastic to shear modulus, they have different behavior in load-displacement relations under vertical and lateral loads. Current design methods for conventional piles were examined to determine the validity for FRP composite piles, and some new design methods specific to FRP structural piles were developed from research work conducted by the authors.
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Dong, Xiao Lin. "Current Situation and Prospect of the Application of FRP in Material Engineering." Advanced Materials Research 898 (February 2014): 375–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.898.375.
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The FRP composite material can replace the traditional under certain conditions, the wood structure of steel and reinforced materials, with high strength, light weight, resistance to corrosion and fatigue resistance, temperature stability and good special, because by civil engineeringcircles. This paper introduces the characteristics of FRP composites, the application of FRP composites in civil engineering are discussed, finally, the prospect of FRP materials are introduced.
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Shekar, Vimala, Samer H. Petro, and Hota V. S. GangaRao. "Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Bridges in West Virginia." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, no. 1 (January 2003): 378–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819b-48.
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Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have been used more often over the past decade than before in new construction as well as in repair of deteriorated bridges. Many of these bridges are on low-volume roads, where they receive very little attention. It is imperative that new bridge construction or repair be long lasting, nearly maintenance free, and as economical as possible. Relative to those factors, FRP composite bridges have been found to be structurally adequate and feasible because of their reduced maintenance cost and limited environmental impact (i.e., no harmful chemicals leaching into the atmosphere with longer service life). In West Virginia, 23 FRP composite bridges have been constructed, among which 18 are built on low-volume roads that have an average daily traffic (ADT) of less than 1,000, including 7 with ADT less than 400. General FRP composite bridge geometry and preliminary field responses are presented as are some of the preliminary construction specifications and cost data of FRP composite bridges built on low-volume roads in West Virginia
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Pantelides, Chris P., Janos Gergely, and Lawrence D. Reaveley. "In-Situ Verification of Rehabilitation and Repair of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Bents under Simulated Seismic Loads." Earthquake Spectra 17, no. 3 (August 2001): 507–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1586186.
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Three in-situ tests were performed on two bents of a reinforced concrete (RC) bridge under quasi-static cyclic loads. The bridge was built in 1963 and did not possess the necessary reinforcement details for ductile performance. The tests included an as-built bent, a bent rehabilitated with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite jackets, and a damaged bent repaired with epoxy injection and carbon FRP composite jackets. Two new concepts of strengthening bridge bents with FRP composites were implemented in this study. The first involves shear strengthening and confinement of a beam cap-column joint through an FRP composite “ankle-wrap.” The second is an FRP composite “U-strap” to improve the anchorage of column longitudinal steel reinforcement extending into the joint. FRP composite jackets were also implemented in the columns and beam cap. An additional rehabilitation measure was that of anchorage of the piles to the pile cap using epoxied high strength steel bars. The performance of the bent in the as-built condition and that of the rehabilitated and repaired bents is described in terms of strength, stiffness, displacement ductility, and energy dissipation.
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Lu, Jin Ping, Kang Hai Tan, and David Zheng. "Strengthening of Column Stump Using Glass Fiber Composite Strengthening System." Advanced Materials Research 1129 (November 2015): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1129.353.
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The durability of concrete structures has long been a concern of many countries, especially in the island country of Singapore, where many structures are constructed along coastal areas. Currently, the durability of concrete under marine conditions can be enhanced by the addition of admixtures, and using high grade concrete. The FRP system has been proven to be one of the effective method to strengthen the concrete structure. The FRP system, which composed of the epoxy and glass fiber was evaluated according to various standard testing methods to get the basic technical information of the FRP system. Concrete columns of high aspect ratio with the size of 420mm x 115mm x 1500mm, 200mm x 200mm x 700mm and 200mm x 300mm x 700mm were wrapped with the FRP system with 3 horizontal wrapping and tested to verify the effectiveness of FPR wrapping. The theoretical calculation by computer model were also performed to estimate the strength gain for comparison with testing results. The results showed that the FRP wrapping for this type of columns can increase the ultimate strength by an average of 31.8%, with a minimum of 24.4% and a maximum of 37.5%.
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Rajchel, Mateusz, and Tomasz Siwowski. "Hybrid Bridge Structures Made of Frp Composite and Concrete." Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 26, no. 3 (September 26, 2017): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ceer-2017-0043.
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Abstract Despite many advantages over the conventional construction materials, the contemporary development of FRP composites in bridge engineering is limited due to high initial cost, low stiffness (in case of glass fibers) and sudden composite failure mode. In order to reduce the given limitations, mixed (hybrid) solutions connecting the FRP composites and conventional construction materials, including concrete, have been tested in many countries for 20 years. Shaping the hybrid structures based on the attributes of particular materials, aims to increase stiffness and reduce cost without losing the carrying capacity, lightness and easiness of bridges that includes such hybrid girders, and to avoid the sudden dangerous failure mode. In the following article, the authors described examples of hybrid road bridges made of FRP composite and concrete within the time of 20 years and presented the first Polish hybrid FRP-concrete road bridge. Also, the directions of further research, necessary to spread these innovative, advanced and sustainable bridge structures were indicated.
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Kim, Jae Wook, Kwang Yeoul Shin, Dong Min Ok, Dong Jun An, and Soon Jong Yoon. "Structural Characteristics of Pultruded FRP Composite Experienced Freezing and Thawing Cyclic Temperature." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 2475–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.2475.
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Due to the advantages of FRP composite such as corrosion resistance, light weight, high specific strength and stiffness, flexibility, etc., the use of FRP composite in construction sites is increasing steadily. Especially, high corrosion resistance is a very strong point of FRP composite. Although the FRP composite has many advantages, the material properties of FRP composite under various environmental conditions at the construction sites are not well investigated. In this paper, we present the results of experimental investigations of FRP composite experiencing freezing and thawing cyclic temperature. In this investigation, we performed experimental studies to find the stress versus strain characteristics of FRP composite experiencing freezing and thawing cyclic temperature variation. In the experimental program, strength and stiffness of the pultruded FRP composite specimens under uniaxial tension affected by the freezing and thawing temperature change mechanism are evaluated and the results are discussed.
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Fu, Chao Jiang. "Numerical Simulation Procedure of RC Beam Reinforcement with FRP." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 5567–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.5567.
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The use of fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) to reinforce reinforced concrete(RC) structure has become one of the main applications of composites in civil engineering. FRP composite is analyzed using the serial/parallel mixing theory, which deduces the composite behavior from the constitutive equations of its components. Numerical procedure of RC beam reinforceed with FRP is studied based on the finite element method. The numerical results accord with the test results. The validity of the proposed procedure is proved comparing numerical and experimental results.
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Ertuğ, Burcu. "Advanced Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials for Marine Applications." Advanced Materials Research 772 (September 2013): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.772.173.
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Most widely used material in ship hull construction is undoubtedly the steel. Composite materials have become suitable choice for marine construction in 1960s. The usage of the fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) in marine applications offers ability to orient fiber strength, ability to mold complex shapes, low maintenance and flexibility. The most common reinforcement material in marine applications is E-glass fiber. Composite sandwich panels with FRP faces and low density foam cores have become the best choice for small craft applications. The U.S Navy is using honeycomb sandwich bulkheads to reduce the ship weight above the waterline. Composites will play their role in marine applications due to their lightness, strength, durability and ease of production. It is expected that especially FRP composites will endure their life for many years from now on in the construction of boat building.
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Kubo, K. "FRP-RC Composite Slab." Concrete Journal 52, no. 1 (2014): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3151/coj.52.108.
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Zhang, Li Na, Ci De Peng, and Ting Shu. "Study on Performance of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Composite Beam Structure." Key Engineering Materials 723 (December 2016): 720–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.723.720.
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FRP (fiber reinforced polymer material) having a high specific strength and specific modulus, good corrosion resistance and other advantages. FRP materials in civil engineering industry has been more and more popular, and gradually become a hot issue in the world. In order to take full advantage of a variety of materials and overcome the problems in the FRP structure, this paper mainly studies the composite structure of FRP and traditional materials, namely FRP-concrete composite beam structure. The mechanical parameters of FRP (mainly including CFRP and GFRP) were selected. And the stress -strain diagram of FRP materials are drawn. Through tensile tests on FRP (including CFRP and GFRP), FRP was found to belong to brittle materials. As well as the mechanical properties of FRP materials, the ultimate load analysis, the decision to use CFRP as a composite beam structural stiffness of the research materials. When considering concrete shrinkage, creep, temperature difference effect, the stiffness of composite beam meets the requirement. The deflection of FRP- concrete composite beam is verified by mechanical formula. The change of the concrete stiffness will affect the change of the structural stiffness of the FRP- concrete composite beam. As well as through an example, it is found that the concrete shrinkage and temperature can affect the change of the stiffness of the composite structure.
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Altunişik, A. C. "Dynamic response of masonry minarets strengthened with Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 11, no. 7 (July 20, 2011): 2011–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-11-2011-2011.
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Abstract. Engineering structures strengthened with FRP composites are gaining popularity, and there is a growing need to understand and compare the behavior of these structures before/after FRP composite strengthening. In this paper, it is aimed to determine the dynamic response of masonry minarets before/after FRP composite strengthening. An Iskenderpaşa historical masonry minaret dating back to XVI century with a height of 21 m located in Trabzon, Turkey was selected as an application. Firstly, 3-D finite element model of the minaret was constituted using ANSYS software. Then, an analytical model of the minaret was analyzed using the 1992 Erzincan earthquake record, which occurred near the area, to determine the dynamic behavior. After this, the cylindrical body of the minaret was strengthened with FRP composite using different configurations and dynamic analyses were performed. Finally, dynamic responses of the minaret before and after FRP composite strengthening, such as displacements and maximum-minimum principal stresses, were compared. At the end of the study, it is seen that displacements had increased along the height of the minaret, maximum and minimum principal stresses occur at the region of transition segment and cylindrical body for all analyses. Also, it is seen from the earthquake analyses that FRP strengthening is very effective on the dynamic responses of the minaret.
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Tan, Chye Lih, Azwan Iskandar Azmi, and Noorhafiza Muhammad. "Performance Evaluations of Carbon/Glass Hybrid Polymer Composites." Advanced Materials Research 980 (June 2014): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.980.8.
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In this work, the influence of hybrid effect on carbon and glass fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) on the mechanical performance for structural application was studied. The hybrid fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites made from woven E-glass and carbon fibers with epoxy resin. The FRP hybrid composites were fabricated using vacuum-assisted resin transfer moulding process, which is capable of producing constant thickness with high volume fractions of composite panels compared to that of traditional wet hand lay-up method. Mechanical performance of the FRP hybrid composites were evaluated against full carbon or glass fiber reinforced polymer composites. Important properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength and volume fraction of reinforcement were determined according to the ASTM standards. It was found that the mechanical properties of carbon-glass hybrid composites exhibited significant improvement in term of strength and strain respectively compared to that of full glass FRP composites and full carbon FRP composites.
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Wei, Yang, Gang Wu, Zhi Shen Wu, and Dong Sheng Gu. "Flexural Behavior of Concrete-Filled FRP-Steel Composite Circular Tubes." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 1316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.1316.
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Three large-scale concrete-filled FRP-steel composite circular tubes and a control steel tube were tested to investigate flexural behavior. The effects of FRP and composite with different types of FRP with various ultimate strains were investigated. The study demonstrated the important effect of FRP, and showed that the load-displacement curves of FRP-steel composite tube beams could be divided into four stages: elastic stage, plastic stage, hardening stage and residual stage. An additional decline stage was gained for multi-fiber with different ultimate strains and steel composite tube concrete beams. FRP could increase the ultimate bearing capacity and bring the hardening stage after steel tube yielding, and a certain degree of stiffness would be achieved to avoid the “zero stiffness”. The composite of a variety of FRP could relax fracture failure for the FRP-steel composite steel concrete beams, realized the successive rupture of fiber in batches and changed the failure modes.
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Sen, Tara, and H. N. Jagannatha Reddy. "Pretreatment of Woven Jute FRP Composite and Its Use in Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams in Flexure." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/128158.
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Environmental awareness motivates researchers worldwide to perform studies of natural fibre reinforced polymer composites, as they come with many advantages and are primarily sustainable. The present study aims at evaluating the mechanical characteristics of natural woven jute fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composite subjected to three different pretreatments, alkali, benzyl chloride, and lastly heat treatment. It was concluded that heat treatment is one of the most suitable treatment methods for enhancing mechanical properties of jute FRP. Durability studies on Jute FRP pertaining to some common environmental conditions were also carried out such as effect of normal water and thermal aging on the tensile strength of jute FRP followed by fire flow test. The heat treated woven jute FRP composites were subsequently used for flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete beams in full and strip wrapping configurations. The study includes the effect of flexural strengthening provided by woven jute FRP, study of different failure modes, load deflection behavior, effect on the first crack load, and ultimate flexural strength of concrete beams strengthened using woven jute FRP subjected to bending loads. The study concludes that woven jute FRP is a suitable material which can be used for flexural upgradation of reinforced concrete beams.
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Wang, Zhe, Shuwei Wu, Kaiwen Weng, Wangjing Yao, Sifa Xu, and Zhouxiang Ding. "Vertical and Lateral Bearing Capacity of FRP Composite Sheet Piles in Soft Soil." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (October 8, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8957893.
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Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite sheet piles are usually favored for slope and river-retaining structures due to their construction and environmental efficiency. Their applications, however, have been hindered by the lack of understanding of the bearing capacity. This paper studies the vertical and lateral bearing capacity of FRP composite sheet piles through three full-scale tests conducted in Haiyan, a soft soil site in the Yangtze River Delta of China. In the three tests, we measured the vertical bearing capacity of the FRP composite sheet piles, the bearing capacity of the composite foundation, and the lateral capacity of the FRP composite sheet piles, respectively. The test results show that the Q-S (load on the top of the pile versus settlement) curve of the FRP composite sheet piles exhibits a steep fall while that of the composite foundation is relatively flat. Moreover, the ultimate bearing capacity of the FRP composite sheet piles is measured to reach 23.8 kN while that of the composite foundation increases by 47.1 %, reaching 35.0 kN. It shows that the FRP composite sheet piles under the composite foundation have a favorable bearing performance. Finally, the final horizontal displacement of the FRP composite sheet pile in the reinforced area with anchoring the sheet pile is smaller than the final horizontal displacement in the nonreinforced area, indicating that the horizontal bearing capacity can be significantly improved by anchoring the sheet pile.
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Gołębiowski, Łukasz, Marcin Siwek, Marcin Ciesielski, Andrzej Zagórski, Sławomir Krauze, and Radosław Majewski. "Modelling and Validation of the Composite Shell of a Train Seat." Problemy Kolejnictwa - Railway Reports 64, no. 189 (December 2020): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.36137/1891e.
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The subject of the modelling work and the conducted experiments is the composite shell of a train seat. The activities carried out involved designing the geometry, planning the material structure, and selecting the materials to be used. The shell was built using polymer matrix fibrous composites (i.e. FRP – Fibre Reinforced Polymer – composites), which are lighter than steel and comply with the relevant standards for strength and safety at the same time. This was followed by creating a computational model for the shell and conducting a strength analysis in accordance with the guidelines of the relevant industry standard and strength hypotheses adopted for FRP composites. The calculations were conducted using ANSYS Composite PrepPost software based on the finite element method. The article offers a strength analysis of an optimised composite shell of a train seat. Based on the guidelines obtained as a result of the conducted modelling work, a physical prototype (validation model) of the seat was created. Hot vacuum lamination technology was applied in the production process. The experimental validation of the model, producing a positive result, was conducted using a test stand owned by S.Z.T.K. TAPS – Maciej Kowalski. Keywords: train seat structure, FRP composite, FEM modelling, experimental validation
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Rahai, Alireza, and Farzad Hatami. "Study of Tension Field Expansion on Composite Steel Plate Due to Fiber Reinforced Polymer Layer Action." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 685–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.685.
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Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) strengthening of structures has been gaining increasing interest, traditionally in application with concrete structures, and more recently in application with steel structures. Because of their unique blend of properties, composites reinforced with high performance fibers find use in many structural applications. This paper defines the effect of FRP layers on behaviour of steel plate. In this regard, some models are selected and tested by rigid frame and actuator. The experimental model is connected to a rigid frame. The FRP layer acts similar to a lateral support for the steel plate, and possesses the intelligent behavior (specified control for establishing of flexural line and further leaning towards post buckling condition), meaning that the FRP layer can lead the local flexural deflection towards the total flexure of the steel plate and effectively contributes more in resisting the shear stresses and extension of post flexure lines in steel plate and formation of composite plate. This is due to involvement of more area of steel plate to resisting of the imposed stresses. Result shows, the FRP layers would increase the stiffness, energy absorption, shear capacity and will be decreasing the ductility of steel plate as compared with composited steel plate with other materials as reinforcement concrete.
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Wang, Fan. "Applications of Composite Spatial Structure." Advanced Materials Research 317-319 (August 2011): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.317-319.116.
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The application of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) rebar to large Span Spatial Structure is one of the topics in forward position nationwide and internationally. The properties of FRP rebar, such as high tensile strength, light weight, strong resistance to corrosion and fatigue, material design ability and weight reduction and so on, pave the way to its application to Large Span Spatial Structure. Based on the summary of relevant studies at home and abroad, the applications and research of FRP, such as CFRP poles, Composite Laminated Plate and FRP light roof, rebar to Large Span Spatial Structure are introduced in the paper. Finally, the prospects and some problems needed to further researched are put forward.
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Park, Joon Seok, Seong Sik Lee, Jeong Hun Nam, In Kyu Kang, Dong Jun An, and Soon Jong Yoon. "Load Carrying Capacity of Hybrid FRP-Concrete Composite Pile." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 1165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.1165.
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In the study, in order to enhance the durability and constructability of the pile foundation, hybrid FRP-concrete composite pile is developed and its applicability considering construction is discussed. Existing FRP-concrete composite pile is consisted of concrete pile and filament winding FRP wound outside of the pile. To improve the axial and transverse load carrying capacities longitudinal reinforcement is also needed additionally, and hence a new type hybrid FRP-concrete composite pile (HCFFT) is suggested. A new type HCFFT which is composed of pultruded FRP, filament winding FRP, and concrete filled inside of the FRP tube is proposed to improve compressive strength as well as flexural strength of the HCFFT pile. The load carrying capacity of proposed HCFFT pile is evaluated and discussed based on the result of experimental and theoretical investigations.
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Ma, Chen Chi M. "Taiwan’s Composites and FRP Industries: Current Status and Future Developments." Key Engineering Materials 334-335 (March 2007): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.334-335.129.
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This presentation will illustrate the history, current status and future development of composite and FRP industry in Taiwan. This paper will present the characteristics of composites industry in Taiwan. The statistic survey of market and products of composite will be shown in details. Trend and development of FRP and Composites will be discussed. Unique products made in Taiwan will be described by several categories. The challenge and prospective aspects of Composite Industry will be discussed. Research and Development of Composite in Taiwan are critical to our industry which will be emphasized. International cooperation has been conducted which will be presented. Emphasis will be placed on the R&D of composites in Taiwan including: Basic research. Processing. Nanocomposites. “Green composites” and High-tech applications. Academia-industry cooperation will be discussed. International cooperation among academic institute, society/association and foreign industry will also be illustrated.
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Xue, Weichen, Shiqian Zhang, and Chang Ge. "Composite Performance of FRP—Concrete Composite Slabs." Journal of Residuals Science and Technology 13, no. 4 (2016): S153—S161. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/issn.1544-8053/13/4/s20.
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Xue, Weichen, Shiqian Zhang, and Chang Ge. "Composite Performance of FRP—Concrete Composite Slabs." Journal of Residuals Science and Technology 13, S2 (2016): S153—S161. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/issn.1544-8053/13/s2/20.
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Nam, Jeong Hun, Soon Jong Yoon, Dong Min Ok, and Sun Kyu Cho. "Perforated FRP Shear Connector for the FRP-Concrete Composite Bridge Deck." Key Engineering Materials 334-335 (March 2007): 381–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.334-335.381.
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In recent years, the FRP-concrete composite bridge deck system has been introduced because of its light-weight and durability. The FRP-concrete composite bridge deck is composed of FRP module and concrete, and they are connected with shear connectors. In order to insure the composite action between FRP module and concrete, appropriate types of shear connector need to be installed. In this study, new type of FRP shear connector was suggested and the experimental investigations are conducted based on the studies of Perfobond. In the experimental study, the push-out test was conducted and the load carrying mechanism was analyzed including the friction effect of sand coating. Considering the load carrying mechanism of perforated shear connector under shear force, the empirical equation for the prediction of shear strength of perforated FRP shear connector was suggested.
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Vemuganti, Shreya, Eslam Soliman, and Mahmoud Reda Taha. "3D-Printed Pseudo Ductile Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composite Using Discrete Fiber Orientations." Fibers 8, no. 9 (August 20, 2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib8090053.
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The use of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite materials are continuously growing in civil infrastructure due to their high strength, low weight, and manufacturing flexibility. However, FRP is characterized by sudden failure and lacks ductility. When used in construction, gradual failure of FRP components is desired to avoid catastrophic structural collapse. Due to its mechanical orthotropy, the behavior of FRP relies significantly on fiber orientation and stacking sequence. In this paper, a novel multi-angled glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite laminate showing pseudo ductile behavior is produced using 3D-printing. This is accomplished by varying fiber orientation angles, stacking sequence, and thickness of lamina. Single-angled GFRP composite specimens were 3D-printed with different fiber orientation angles of 0°, 12°, 24°, 30°, 45°, and 90° using continuous and fused filament techniques. The tension test results of the single-angled specimens were then used to aid the design of multi-angled laminate for potential progressive failure behavior. A 3D finite element (FE) model was developed to predict the response of the experimental results and to provide insight into the failure mechanism of the multi-angled laminate. The experimental observations and the FE simulations show the possibility of producing pseudo ductile FRP-by-design composite using 3D-printing technology, which leads the way to fabricate next-generation composites for civil infrastructure.
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Ning, Xinguo, and Michael R. Lovell. "On the Sliding Friction Characteristics of Unidirectional Continuous FRP Composites." Journal of Tribology 124, no. 1 (May 22, 2001): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1398295.
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By applying a closed-form analytical solution Hwu and Fan (1998) for an anisotropic half-plane, the contact characteristics of unidirectional continuous fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) composites are investigated. The particular condition of a rigid parabolic cylinder in normal sliding contact with the composite is evaluated. The influence of FRP composite matrix material, friction coefficient, fiber material, fiber orientation, and fiber volume fraction on the surface contact pressure are determined and evaluated by comparison to published experimental data and results from the finite element method. From the analytical results, several important trends for the contact characteristics of fiber-reinforced plastics are ascertained and discussed with respect to the wear and design-ability of FRP materials.
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Li, Fan, Rong Xia Wang, Shun Wei Chen, and Jian Bin Zhou. "Structural Characteristics of FRP-Concrete Bridge Deck System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 2369–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.2369.
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This paper describes the structural forms for hybrid FRP-concrete highway bridge deck. This bridge deck is applid in a project, which involved the implement of FRP-concrete deck over prestress concrete girders. In this project three forms of FRP reinforcing were combined to reinforce the concrete deck. This paper introduced another stiffened FRP deck panels connecte with the FRP composite girders in the steel-free FRP-composite modular bridge system. It is shown that the combination of FRP meterial and concrete for bridge deck is recommended in the design of highway bridge.
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Shan, Lu Yang, and Pi Zhong Qiao. "Finite Element Modeling and Analysis of FRP Composite Trough." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 1233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.1233.
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A composite FRP trough is analyzed by finite element (FE) method. A modeling of FRP composite trough, which meets the performance requirements, is build in the commercial finite element software ANSYS. The deflection and stresses contours of the FRP trough for the intended application are obtained and discussed.
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Tan, Chye Lih, Azwan Iskandar Azmi, and Noorhafiza Muhammad. "Critical Thrust Force for On-Set Delamination of Hybrid FRP Composite during Drilling Process." Key Engineering Materials 740 (June 2017): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.740.111.
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Hole quality is one of the important criteria for hybrid composite components when assessing drilling behaviour because it influences the strength of composite parts post assembly. Nonetheless, some unique characteristics of hybrid Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites make them difficult to obtain the required quality and strict final dimensional accuracy. Based on previous studies, delamination has been recognized as one of the critical failure mechanisms in the drilling operation of FRP composites. It can often be the limiting factor for the final composite materials applications. Thus, in order to achieve a delamination-free in the drilling of hybrid FRP composites, an analytical model and a series of thrust force experiments are endeavoured in this study. The main purpose of the model is to compute the critical thrust force at the on-set of delamination during the drilling process. Results of this analytical study indicated that the delamination damage can be alleviated if the applied thrust force is lower than the critical thrust force value. Importantly, a good agreement was evident between the estimated critical thrust force and the measured thrust force in this particular study.
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Sweedan, Amr M. I., Hothifa N. Rojob, and Khaled M. El-Sawy. "Analytical and numerical study of the serviceability performance of partial composite steel-FRP beams." International Journal of Structural Integrity 9, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 625–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsi-12-2017-0069.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce a closed-form analytical solution to evaluate the nominal moment capacity and associated deflections of steel-FRP beam systems. The proposed solution takes into consideration the partial composite behavior resulting from the interfacial contact and slip between the subcomponents of the system. Design/methodology/approach The partial composite action theory was used to develop an elastic analytical solution for the deflection of simply supported composite steel-FRP beams subjected to a mid-span point load. The solution takes into consideration the partial composite behavior of the system that arises from the interlayer slip at the steel-FRP interface. Findings The developed analytical model is used to predict the nominal moment capacity of the composite beam and the load value at the onset of yielding in the steel subcomponent of the section. The distribution of shear forces induced in the steel fasteners due to the interfacial slip is also obtained analytically. A comparative study is conducted by comparing the analytical results to their counterparts resulting from finite element modeling of the composite steel-FRP system. The agreement between analytical results and finite element predictions validates the accuracy of the derived analytical solution for partial composite steel-FRP beams. Research limitations/implications The proposed solution applies only to the FRP strips and 6 mm steel bolts used in the study. Originality/value Recent studies revealed a promising efficiency of using mechanically fastened hybrid FRP sheets in strengthening steel beams. A major advantage of this technique is the ductile behavior of the steel-FRP system. The current paper introduces a closed-form analytical solution to evaluate the nominal moment capacity and associated deflections of steel-FRP beam systems. Forces developed at the steel-FRP interface due to the relative slip between both components are considered in the proposed analytical solution.
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Szelka, Janusz, and Zbigniew Kamyk. "The application of composites (FRP) in military bridges." Budownictwo i Architektura 12, no. 2 (June 11, 2013): 063–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2074.
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The needs of expeditionary forces involve the use of light-weight, short-span bridges so that their transport by air would be possible. A project which is currently developed in USA aims at the elaboration of a Composite Army Bridge (CAB) assault bridge and a Modular Composite Bridge – MCB logistic bridge. In 2004 CAB successfully underwent fatigue tests. A 14 m-long, all-composite treadway bridge span was loaded by using an MLC 100 vehicle and it withstood 20 000 load cycles. The MCB will be constructed by7 m of box modules and a 6.5 m access ramp. A 26 m-long and 4 m-wide bridge span is to provide the traffic ability of MLC 65. Furthermore, works on a 10 m-long, MLC 30 composite bridge are also developed in Canada too. The paper also presents the American concept of employing a deployable bridge system by utilising a composite structure. In order to formwork and reinforce the plate, fibre reinforced polyester composites (FRP) were used. The girder construction is made of aluminium pipes forming diamond truss with curved bottom chord. After they are integrated in the structure, the top chord nodes are connected through deck plate cast in-situ. The tests indicated that there exists the possibility of using polymer composites in military bridge construction and mobile structures of composite bridges.
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Iskander, Magued G., Sherif Hanna, and Anna Stachula. "Driveability of FRP Composite Piling." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 127, no. 2 (February 2001): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2001)127:2(169).
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Haghani, Reza, Jincheng Yang, Marte Gutierrez, Christopher D. Eamon, and Jeffery Volz. "Fiber Reinforced Polymer Culvert Bridges—A Feasibility Study from Structural and LCC Points of View." Infrastructures 6, no. 9 (September 7, 2021): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures6090128.
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Soil–steel composite bridges (SSCB) have become increasingly popular for short-span bridges as an alternative to concrete slab bridges mainly due to their low initial cost, rapid manufacture, simplified construction, and geometrical adaptability. SSCBs have a variety of applications and can be used over waterways or roadways. While conventional bridges tend to lose their load-carrying capacity due to degradation, SSCBs gain strength because of backfill soil consolidation. However, the load carrying capacity and integrity of such structures highly depends on the condition and load-carrying capacity of the steel arch element. A major drawback of SSCBs, especially those located on waterways or with poor drainage, is corrosion and subsequent loss of cross-sectional capacity. Unfortunately, the inspection of such bridges is not straightforward and any damage/collapse will be very costly to repair/replace. Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites offer an attractive alternative to replace the steel in these types of bridges. FRP composites have significantly improved durability characteristics compared to steel, which will reduce maintenance costs and improve life-cycle costs (LLCs). This paper presents a new concept to use glass FRP as a construction material to construct soil–FRP composite bridges (SFCB). Various aspects of design and manufacturing are presented along with results and conclusions from a case study involving alternative bridge designs in steel and FRP composites.
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Gordon, S., and M. T. Hillery. "A review of the cutting of composite materials." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 217, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146442070321700105.
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The increased use of composite materials has led to an increase in demand for facilities to machine them. There are significant differences between the machining of metals and alloys and that of composite materials, because composites are anisotropic, inhomogeneous and are mostly prepared in laminate form before undergoing the machining process. In most cases, traditional metal cutting tools and techniques are still being used. While the process of metal cutting has been well researched over the years, relatively little research has been carried out on the cutting of composite materials. This paper presents a brief review of research on the cutting of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites and medium-density fibreboard (MDF). Most of the research published is concentrated on the chip formation process and cutting force prediction with unidirectional FRP materials. A review of some recent research on the prediction of cutting forces for MDF is also presented.
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Liu, Qiang, and Zheng Ming Huang. "Investigation on Nonlinear Constitutive Relationship for a Honeycomb Sandwich Composite." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 1025–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.1025.
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This paper investigates nonlinear responses of honeycomb sandwich composite under externally applied loads theoretically and experimentally. In the experimental work, honeycomb sandwich composites made of an aluminum honeycomb core and glass fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) laminate surfaces were loaded under in-plane tension and out-of plane bending up to failure. Stress-strain curves or load deflection plot together with elastic moduli and ultimate strengths were obtained. An energy approach was used to establish a nonlinear constitutive relationship for the honeycomb sandwich composites. Making use of the superimposition ability of the strain energies of all of the walls of the RVE, a nonlinear constitutive relationship for the honeycomb core was obtained. The thus obtained relationship was incorporated with a laminate theory and the bridging model to analyze nonlinear responses of the honeycomb core and FRP surface sandwich composites up to failure. The composite failure was detected micromechanically, i.e., based on the failure status of its constituent aluminum core, reinforcing fiber, polymer matrix, and adhesion layer. Stiffness discount was applied respectively to the failed composing element. The predicted nonlinear stress-strain curves under tension and load-deflection relationship under three-point bending were compared with the experimental measurements. Favorable correlations have been obtained.
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Lei, Zheng, Wei Min Zuo, Bao Fu Feng, and Jun Tan Yuan. "A Technical Study of Hole Drilling in Ceramics/FRP Laminate Composite Components." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 1965–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.1965.
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Drilling process of the ceramic composite component (ceramics/FRP/aluminum alloy), as an example of similar ceramics/FRP laminate composite components, was studied intensively. According to the diverse machining properties of the composing materials of ceramic composite components, the special thinwall diamond core bit was developed, with copper based matrix of complex alloy and hot pressing process. Through machining competitive experiments, the feeding mode with constant pressure was determined. After analyzing the diverse hole defects, the process equipment with compressive pre stress was introduced to improve the hole drilling quality, with good validity proved theoretically by the finite element analysis and on this condition, water can be used as the coolant. The process technology presented in this paper can be used for hole drilling in similar composite components made of the same composing materials.
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Mudhukrishnan, M., P. Hariharan, and S. K. Malhotra. "Characterization of Glass Fibre/Carbon Fibre Hybrid Thermoplastics Composite Laminates Fabricated by Film Stacking Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 787 (August 2015): 518–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.518.
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The Fibre Reinforced Plastic (FRP) composites are extensively used for a wide variety of applications in automobile, aerospace, chemical, biomedical and civil engineering fields due to their excellent properties. Composite materials offer significant advantages in strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance over metallic materials. Initially FRP composites were based mainly on thermoset polymers because of the ease of manufacturing. But, recently FRP composites using thermoplastics matrices are gaining importance because of their advantages over thermoset composites. In the present work, FRP laminates were fabricated using glass fabric and carbon fabric as reinforcements and thermoplastic polymer (polypropylene) as matrix. Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics (FRTP) laminates of glass fibre /polypropylene (GF/PP), carbon fibre/ polypropylene (CF/PP) and glass-carbon fibre /polypropylene (GF/CF/PP) hybrid composite laminates were fabricated by film stacking method using hot compression molding press under optimum process parameters (pressure, temperature and dwell time). The fabricated FRTP laminates were tested for various mechanical and physical properties viz., tensile strength/modulus, flexural strength/modulus, izod impact strength, moisture absorption, barcol hardness and density as per relevant ASTM standards. The results of the tests carried out on three materials were compared. It was observed that hybrid laminate (GF/CF/PP) is superior in flexural strength/modulus as compared to GF/PP but the little lower mechanical properties compared to CF/PP laminates. But use of hybrid laminates has great cost advantage compared to CF/PP.
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Qin, Yan, Yan Hai Wang, Long Hai, Yu Feng Li, and Yao Feng. "Study on 110kV Composite Material Transmission Poles and Towers." Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (July 2014): 967–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.967.
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Traditional transmission line poles and towers have many problems, such as higher corrosion, heavy weight, poor durability and maintenance cost is high. Use of fiber reinforced polymer composites (FRP), based on the theory of poles and towers design, 110 kV FRP pole structure size parameters are calculated, designed the 110 kV FRP pole structure, cross section form and wire grounding scheme. Design results show that compared with traditional pole, 110 kV FRP pole has the characteristics of compact structure, small occupied line corridors.
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Deng, Langni, Lizhen Lei, Shijin Lai, Ling Liao, and Zheng Zhou. "Experimental Study on the Axial Tensile Properties of FRP Grid-Reinforced ECC Composites." Materials 14, no. 14 (July 14, 2021): 3936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143936.
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The axial tensile properties of FRP mesh-reinforced ECC composites (TRE) were investigated experimentally under the consideration of four influencing factors: grid type, number of reinforcement layers, ECC matrix thickness, and sticky sand treatment on the grid surface. The test results showed that the axial stiffness and tensile strength of the composite were significantly increased, and the tensile properties were significantly improved under the effect of FRP grid reinforcement. Increasing the thickness of the ECC matrix can obviously improve the crack resistance of composites. The ultimate tensile strength of FRP lattice-reinforced ECC composites increased significantly with the increase in the number of lattice layers, but had no significant effect on the crack resistance. The tensile properties of CFRP grid-reinforced ECC composites were slightly better compared to BFRP grid-reinforced ECC composites. The crack resistance and ultimate tensile strength of the composites were slightly improved by impregnating the surface of the FRP grid with adhesive-bonded sand treatment. Based on the experimental data, the tensile stress–strain constitutive model of FRP grid-reinforced ECC composites is established. The calculation results show that the theoretical values of the model agree well with the experimental values. Therefore, it can be used to reflect the stress–strain change state of FRP lattice-reinforced ECC composites during axial tension.
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Jiang, Xu, Chengwei Luo, Xuhong Qiang, Henk Kolstein, and Frans Bijlaard. "Effects of Adhesive Connection on Composite Action between FRP Bridge Deck and Steel Girder." Journal of Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6218949.
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The FRP-steel girder composite bridge system is increasingly used in new constructions of bridges as well as rehabilitation of old bridges. However, the understanding of composite action between FRP decks and steel girders is limited and needs to be systematically investigated. In this paper, depending on the experimental investigations of FRP to steel girder system, the Finite Element (FE) models on experiments were developed and analyzed. Comparison between experiments and FE results indicated that the FE models were much stiffer for in-plane shear stiffness of the FRP deck panel. To modify the FE models, rotational spring elements were added between webs and flanges of FRP decks, to simulate the semirigid connections. Numerical analyses were also conducted on four-point bending experiments of FRP-steel composite girders. Good agreement between experimental results and FE analysis was achieved by comparing the load-deflection curves at midspan and contribution of composite action from FRP decks. With the validated FE models, the parametric studies were conducted on adhesively bonded connection between FRP decks and steel girders, which indicated that the loading transfer capacity of adhesive connection was not simply dependent on the shear modulus or thickness of adhesive layer but dominated by the in-plane shear stiffness K.
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Yang, Jia. "Nonlinear Analysis of Steel and Concrete Composite Beams Strengthened with Prestressed FRP Bars." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 775–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.775.
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Steel and concrete composite beam is a kind of composite beam which the steel and the concrete are connected by shear connectors. Now, many experts and scholars have carried out many experimental research and theoretical analysis about it. But, steel and concrete composite beams strengthened with prestressed FRP bars have not been studied. Based on the structure, the nonlinear analysis mode of steel and concrete composite beams strengthened with prestressed FRP bars is proposed, the calculating program is researched. The relationships between moment and curvature, also between load and deformation of steel and concrete composite beams strengthened with prestressed FRP bars are obtained. The results show that the moment-curvature curve and load-deformation curve of steel and concrete composite beams strengthened with prestressed FRP bars can be separated to elastic stage, elastic-plastic stage and plastic stage.
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Al-Fatlawi, Alaa, Károly Jármai, and György Kovács. "Optimization of a Totally Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Composite Sandwich Construction of Helicopter Floor for Weight Saving, Fuel Saving and Higher Safety." Polymers 13, no. 16 (August 15, 2021): 2735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13162735.
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The application of fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) composites as structural elements of air vehicles provides weight saving, which results in a reduction in fuel consumption, fuel cost, and air pollution, and a higher speed. The goal of this research was to elaborate a new optimization method for a totally FRP composite construction for helicopter floors. During the optimization, 46 different layer combinations of 4 different FRP layers (woven glass fibers with phenolic resin; woven glass fibers with epoxy resin; woven carbon fibers with epoxy resin; hybrid composite) and FRP honeycomb core structural elements were investigated. The face sheets were composed of a different number of layers with cross-ply, angle-ply, and multidirectional fiber orientations. During the optimization, nine design constraints were considered: deflection; face sheet stress (bending load, end loading); stiffness; buckling; core shear stress; skin wrinkling; intracell buckling; and shear crimping. The single-objective weight optimization was solved by applying the Interior Point Algorithm of the Matlab software, the Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) Nonlinear Algorithm of the Excel Solver software, and the Laminator software. The Digimat-HC software solved the numerical models for the optimum sandwich plates of helicopter floors. The main contribution is developing a new method for optimizing a totally FRP composite sandwich structure—due to its material constituents and construction—that is more advantageous than traditional helicopter floors. A case study validated this fact.
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Joo, Hyung Joong, Seung Sik Lee, Soon Jong Yoon, Ju Kyung Park, and Kwang Yeoul Shin. "Development of Hybrid FRP-Concrete Composite Compression Members." Advanced Materials Research 26-28 (October 2007): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.26-28.329.
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The concrete-filled steel tubes have been widely used in buildings and civil structures. However the corrosion of the steel tubes results in the loss of load carrying capacities of the members and, therefore, there is a need for regular maintenance. To mitigate such maintenance issues and prevent the loss of load carrying capacity, FRP composite were suggested as the candidate material. A number of research works has shown that the use of FRP tubes produced by filament winding technique was very effective on the improvement of compressive strength of the concrete-filled FRP tubes (CFFT). However the filament wound FRP tubes did mot contribute to the increase of the flexural strength of a CFFT. In this paper, a new type of FRP tube which consists of several pultruded open sections assembled by filament winding technique is proposed to improve compressive strength as well as flexural strength of a CFFT. The load carrying capacity of proposed CFFT is discussed through the analytical investigation.
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Irina, M. M. W., Azwan Iskandar Azmi, and Chang Chuan Lee. "Machinability Study of Hybrid FRP Composite Using Abrasive Waterjet Trimming Technology." Key Engineering Materials 740 (June 2017): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.740.118.
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Machining of fiber reinforcement polymer (FRP) composite without any defect is extremely challenging when using conventional processes. This mainly due to its inherent anisotropic, heterogeneous, thermal sensitivity, and highly abrasive of nature of fiber reinforcement. Therefore, a kind of non-conventional machining process namely abrasive waterjet machining (AWJM) was endeavoured as it has been reported to be able to machine or cut almost any material included composites. In fact, previous research only provides partially desired parameters on machining these materials and mainly focuses on plain FRP composite. Therefore, this research attempted to evaluate the significant AWJM process parameters comprehensively on the main machinability output on the hybrid FRP composite. 2k factorial design and statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied to determine the performance of trimming process regarding surface roughness and delamination (entrance and exit). Experimental results revealed that the surface roughness was affected by the stand-off distance, abrasive flow rate, traverse rate rather than hydraulic pressure. Similar findings as to that of surface roughness were also observed for the top and bottom delamination damage.
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Akbalık, Hasan Hüseyin, and Ali Sarıbıyık. "Improving the Adhesion of BFRP Strips to the Concrete Surface." Academic Perspective Procedia 2, no. 2 (October 27, 2019): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33793/acperpro.02.02.29.
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Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites are widely used in repair and strengthening of reinforced concrete structural elements. The FRP composite adhered to the concrete surface may be separated from the concrete surface in the form of debonding before reaching the ultimate strength. Epoxy resin, concrete strength, fiber properties and application method have an important role in bonding of FRP composites to concrete surfaces. In this study, concrete beam specimens were produced in order to investigate the adhesion of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) composites to the concrete surface using conventional concretes. Stress distribution between concrete and BFRP was investigated by opening a gap in the bottom center of the samples. Unidirectional basalt fiber fabric was used in the production of the test specimens. The effects of concrete surface properties and U winding method on the end of fiber adhesion ability were investigated by bonding BFRP composite to the lower surfaces of the Specimens. Specimens were tested by four point bending experiment. According to the results obtained, the grinding of the concrete surface and the U-winding method significantly improve the adhesion.”
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Cao, Vui Van, and Son Quang Pham. "Damage-Based Seismic Retrofitting Approach for Nonductile Reinforced Concrete Structures Using FRP Composite Wraps." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (May 30, 2020): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7564684.
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Applying similar amount of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) for all plastic hinge locations in a structure is not an ideal approach as damage occurring at these critical locations may vary considerably. Building owners also always want to keep FRP retrofitting cost and associated interruption to a minimum. In this context, the current paper proposes an FRP retrofitting approach, in which FRP is selectively distributed based on the distribution of seismic damage in structures. The proposed approach, characterized by both quantitative and qualitative criteria, is simple but very effective in simultaneously reducing the seismic damage, amount of FRP to be used, and time of installation. For the considered cases of low- and mid-rise nonductile building structures, the FRP amount reduced approximately by 31% compared to the cases in which FRP was evenly distributed, leading to lower installation cost and less interruption time. Interestingly, although 31% FRP was saved, the damage indices of the FRP retrofitted frames were significantly lower than those in cases of even FRP distribution because FRP effectively served for critical locations. Due to its simplicity and technical/economical effectiveness, the proposed FRP retrofitting approach can be useful for engineering practice.
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Jung, Woo Tai, Jong Sup Park, and Seung Han Kim. "A Study on the Behavior Characteristics of Curved FRP-Concrete Composite Panel." Advanced Materials Research 557-559 (July 2012): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.557-559.375.
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Following the recent growing interest on long-lasting structures, various researches attempt to exploit Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) to constructions owing to the remarkable reduction of maintenance costs brought by its outstanding resistance to corrosion. However, research dedicated to curved FRP construction material applicable to tunnel or arch bridge is still absent. This study conducts loading tests and finite element analysis in order to examine the behavior of curved FRP-concrete panel produced by pultrusion. The test results reveal that FRP and concrete exhibit linear elastic behavior until the maximum load. The parametric analysis with various FRP sections shows that the behavior of the curved FRP-concrete composite panel depends on the web height of FRP, the spacing of the webs, the length of the flange and the radius of curvature.
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Shettar, Manjunath, U. Achutha Kini, Sathya Shankar Sharma, and Pavan Hiremath. "FRP-Nanoclay Hybrid Composites: A Review." Materials Science Forum 904 (August 2017): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.904.146.
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The review is on aimed an insight source for FRP-Nanoclay hybrid composite (nanocomposite) research, which includes basic structure/property, preparation & characterization techniques, mechanical properties and applications of hybrid composites. Key factors are discussed, which are influencing the mechanical properties of nanocomposite with nanoclay addition. Conclusions are also drawn based on the research of nanocomposites and improvement in mechanical properties.
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Bazli, Milad, and Milad Abolfazli. "Mechanical Properties of Fibre Reinforced Polymers under Elevated Temperatures: An Overview." Polymers 12, no. 11 (November 5, 2020): 2600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112600.
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Fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite is one of the most applicable materials used in civil infrastructures, as it has been proven advantageous in terms of high strength and stiffness to weight ratio and anti-corrosion. The performance of FRP under elevated temperatures has gained significant attention among academia and industry. A comprehensive review on experimental and numerical studies investigating the mechanical performance of FRP composites subjected to elevated temperatures, ranging from ambient to fire condition, is presented in this paper. Over 100 research papers on the mechanical properties of FRP materials including tensile, compressive, flexural and shear strengths and moduli are reviewed. Although they report dispersed data, several interesting conclusions can be drawn from these studies. In general, exposure to elevated temperatures near and above the resin glass transition temperature, Tg, has detrimental effects on the mechanical characteristics of FRP materials. On the other hand, elevated temperatures below Tg can cause low levels of degradation. Discussions are made on degradation mechanisms of different FRP members. This review outlines recommendations for future works. The behaviour of FRP composites under elevated temperatures provides a comprehensive understanding based on the database presented. In addition, a foundation for determining predictive models for FRP materials exposed to elevated temperatures could be laid using the finding that this review presents.