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Journal articles on the topic 'Fruit and vegetable juice'
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Pop, Anamaria, Sevastita Muste, Crina Muresan, and Simona Jula. "Studies on Juice Quality Obtained from Pomegranate and Various Vegetables Additions." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Food Science and Technology 71, no. 1 (May 20, 2014): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:10117.
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Nowadays, the interest in antioxidants, mainly present in fruits and vegetables, has prompted research in the field of commercial beverages. Taking into account new requirements to improve the quality of feeding behaviour by getting juices without added sugar, the consumer health benefits and high organoleptics properties, it was decided to study the correlation quality of raw pomegranates with other vegetables such as celery, carrot and sharon fruit in order to obtain pomegranate juice with vegetable additions. The vegetable raw materials were chosen in order to improve the quality and organoleptic properties of the pomegranate juice with vegetable additions by optimizing the “in-house” method, to obtaining a stable formulation. The main objectives of the study were characterization of raw and addition materials, studied by psycho-chemical analysis, evaluating of the antioxidant capacity of 4 types of pomegranate juice with additions in different proportions, establish the best type of mixture juice. Consumer preference was established in sensory analysis based on hedonic test with 9 point scale, the type of juice with additions with the following concentrations: pomegranate 50%, Sharon 10%, celery 30%, carrot 10%. Positive correlations were performed between antioxidant capacity and type of juice preferred by consumers.
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Buniowska, Magdalena, Eva Arrigoni, Agata Znamirowska, Jesús Blesa, Ana Frígola, and María J. Esteve. "Liberation and Micellarization of Carotenoids from Different Smoothies after Thermal and Ultrasound Treatments." Foods 8, no. 10 (October 14, 2019): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8100492.
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The consumption of a varied diet rich in fruit and vegetables helps prevent and treat certain chronic diseases. The development of smoothies based on derivatives from fruit and vegetables rich in bioactive compounds can help increase the consumption of these foods, and therefore, contribute to the prevention of various health problems. However, during the processing of the fruit and vegetable smoothies, these properties may change. The elaboration of smoothies is based on fruits and vegetables rich in carotenoids: Carrot juice-papaya-mango (smoothie A) and carrot juice-pumpkin-mango (smoothie B). The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of the application of different thermal technologies (mild and intensive heat treatment) and non-conventional technologies (ultrasound) on carotenoids (α-carotene, β-carotene, lutein and β-cryptoxantin) and determine the physiochemical parameters of derivatives from fruit and vegetable smoothies. In addition, the bioaccessibility of carotenoids is also evaluated through a process of in vitro simulated digestion. With regard to the bioaccessibility of the fruit and vegetable smoothies analyzed, a positive effect of temperature on liberation and micellarization was observed.
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Cullen, Karen Weber, Issa Zakeri, Erin W. Pryor, Tom Baranowski, Janice Baranowski, and Kathy Watson. "Goal Setting is Differentially Related to Change in Fruit, Juice, and Vegetable Consumption Among Fourth-Grade Children." Health Education & Behavior 31, no. 2 (April 2004): 258–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198103260518.
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The impact of goal attainment in a dietary change program to increase fruit, 100% juice, and vegetable consumption was assessed among fourth-grade students. At each session, the students were given goals related to increasing fruit, juice, and vegetable consumption. Baseline consumption and postconsumption were assessed with up to 4 days of computerized dietary recalls. Analyses included regression models predicting postconsumption from the numbers of fruit-juice goals, vegetable goals, or total number of general goals attained, respectively. For students with low baseline fruit-juice preferences, attaining more fruit-juice goals resulted in increased post-fruit-juice consumption. Among those with low baseline vegetable consumption, attaining one vegetable goal was related to higher post-vegetable consumption. For boys and those with high baseline fruit, juice, and vegetable consumption, attaining three general goals was related to increased fruit, juice, and vegetable intake. The results show that goal attainment was somewhat effective in promoting dietary change among children.
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Brantsæter, Anne Lise, Margaretha Haugen, Salka E. Rasmussen, Jan Alexander, Sven Ove Samuelsen, and Helle Margrete Meltzer. "Urine flavonoids and plasma carotenoids in the validation of fruit, vegetable and tea intake during pregnancy in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)." Public Health Nutrition 10, no. 8 (August 2007): 838–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007339037.
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AbstractObjectiveTo validate a new food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for measuring the intake of fruit, vegetables and tea reported by women participating in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa).DesignIntake of fruits, vegetables and tea estimated by the FFQ was compared with urinary flavonoid excretion, plasma carotenoid concentration and intake measured by a 4-day weighed food diary (FD). The triangular method was applied to calculate FFQ validity coefficients using two independent biomarkers.Setting and subjectsOne hundred and nineteen women participating in MoBa.ResultsThe FFQ estimate of fruit intake was significantly correlated with urine phloretin (r = 0.33), citrus fruit/juice with urine hesperetin (r = 0.44), cooked vegetables with plasma α-carotene (r = 0.37), and tea with urine kaempferol (r = 0.41) (P < 0.01 for all). On average, 60% of the participants fell into the same or adjacent quintiles when classified by FFQ and biomarkers. Significant correlations between the FFQ and FD were found for fruit (r = 0.39), vegetables (r = 0.34), juices (r = 0.50) and tea (r = 0.53). The FFQ validity coefficient was 0.65 for citrus fruit/juice and 0.59 for cooked vegetables as calculated by the triangular method.ConclusionsThe validation study shows that the MoBa FFQ can be used to estimate fruit, juice, vegetable and tea intake in pregnant Norwegian women, and to rank individuals within the distribution.
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Yuan, Changzheng, Elinor Fondell, Ambika Bhushan, Alberto Ascherio, Olivia I. Okereke, Francine Grodstein, and Walter C. Willett. "Long-term intake of vegetables and fruits and subjective cognitive function in US men." Neurology 92, no. 1 (November 21, 2018): e63-e75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000006684.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the prospective association of long-term intake of vegetables and fruits with late-life subjective cognitive function (SCF).MethodsAmong 27,842 men with a mean age of 51 years in 1986, we used multinomial logistic regression to examine the relation of vegetable and fruit consumption to future SCF. Average dietary intake was calculated from 5 repeated food frequency questionnaires collected every 4 years until 2002. SCF score was assessed twice (2008 and 2012) using a 6-item questionnaire; validity was supported by strong associations with APO ε4 genotype. We categorized the average of the 2 scores as good, moderate, and poor SCF.ResultsHigher intakes of total vegetables, total fruits, and fruit juice were each significantly associated with lower odds of moderate or poor SCF after controlling for major nondietary factors and total energy intake. The association with total fruit intake was weaker after further adjusting for major dietary factors. In this model, the multivariate odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for vegetable intake (top vs bottom quintile) were 0.83 (0.76–0.92), p trend <0.001 for moderate SCF and 0.66 (0.55–0.80), p trend <0.001 for poor SCF. For orange juice, compared to <1 serving/mo of intake, daily consumption was associated with a substantially lower odds of poor SCF (0.53 [0.43–0.67], p trend <0.001). Higher consumption of vegetables and fruits 18 to 22 years before SCF assessment was associated with lower odds of poor SCF independent of more proximal intake.ConclusionOur findings support a long-term beneficial role of vegetable, fruit, and orange juice consumption on SCF.
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Julius, Jennifer K., Courtney K. Fernandez, Amy C. Grafa, Paige MC Rosa, and Jessica L. Hartos. "Daily fruit and vegetable consumption and diabetes status in middle-aged females in the general US population." SAGE Open Medicine 7 (January 2019): 205031211986511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312119865116.
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Objectives: Fruit and vegetable consumption may impact development of diabetes, but limited research has addressed whether daily consumption of fruits and vegetables differs by those with and without diabetes, especially within high-risk groups. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine whether daily fruit and vegetable consumption differs by diabetes status in middle-aged females in the general US population. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis used 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data for females ages 45–64 years old in Arizona (n = 2609), Florida (n = 3768), Georgia (n = 1018), and Texas (n = 2092). Multiple logistic regression analysis by state assessed the relationship between the daily consumption of fruit (fruit, 100% fruit juice) and vegetables (green leafy or lettuce salad, potatoes, other vegetables) and diabetes status, while controlling for health status, health behaviors, demographic factors, and socioeconomic status. Results: Across states, relatively similar proportions of participants with and without diabetes reported daily fruit consumption (with: 58%–63%; without: 61%–68%) and daily vegetable consumption (with: 58%–63%; without: 61%–68%). The results of adjusted analyses indicated that daily fruit and vegetable consumption did not differ by diabetes status across states. Conclusion: Across states, daily fruit and vegetable consumption did not differ by diabetes status in middle-aged females. In the primary care setting, providers should educate all females ages 45–64 on the importance of eating fresh fruits and vegetables and may consider sharing information about flavonoid-rich fruit and vegetable consumption for diabetes.
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Wang, Fenglei, Yi Wan, Oana Zeleznik, Megu Baden, You Wu, Clary Clish, Walter Willett, Liming Liang, and Heather Eliassen. "Mapping the Metabolic Profiles of Long-Term Vegetable, Fruit, and Fruit Juice Consumption." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa052_056.
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Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to explore the metabolic profiles, including both named metabolites and unknown peaks detected in the metabolomics measurement, that are related to long-term vegetable, fruit, and fruit juice consumption. Methods The study population for exploration included 5270 participants and for replication included 4216 participants in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS), NHSII, and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. Plasma metabolic profiling was conducted by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Long-term vegetable, fruit, and fruit juice consumption was estimated from food-frequency questionnaires. We included 332 named metabolites and 2561 unknown peaks in the exploration analysis. Partial Spearman correlation analyses were used to assess the associations of vegetable, fruit, and fruit juice consumption with individual metabolites. We further identified metabolic signatures using machine learning models. Results We observed a panel of named metabolites and unknown peaks that were significantly associated with long-term vegetable, fruit, and fruit juice consumption (P value < 0.05 after adjusting for multiple testing). Several unknown peaks exhibited a comparable correlation (partial Spearman rho > 0.4) with fruit juice, especially orange juice consumption, relative to the named metabolites. Metabolic signatures, comprised of 78, 104, and 41 named metabolites, were robustly correlated with total vegetable, total fruit, and total fruit juice consumption, respectively (Pearson r = 0.27–0.37 between the signature and dietary consumption in exploration samples, and 0.24–0.27 in replication samples). Adding unknown peaks into the metabolic signature strengthened the Pearson r by 17.7% for total vegetable, 9.5% for total fruit, and 5.3% for total fruit juice consumption. Conclusions Using plasma metabolomics platform, we identified metabolic profiles, including named metabolites and unknown peaks, that reflect long-term vegetable, fruit, and fruit juice consumption, respectively. Funding Sources None.
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Anderson, Annie S., David N. Cox, Susan McKellar, Joanna Reynolds, M. E. J. Lean, and David J. Mela. "Take Five, a nutrition education intervention to increase fruit and vegetable intakes: impact on attitudes towards dietary change." British Journal of Nutrition 80, no. 2 (February 1998): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114598001032.
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To assess the response of low consumers of fruit and vegetables to a nutrition education intervention programme, data were collected from 104 adults on attitudinal variables related to ‘eating more fruit, vegetables and vegetable dishes’. Questionnaires (based on the theory of planned behaviour) assessing perceived barriers to increasing fruit and vegetable consumption were administered before an action-orientated intervention programme and at the end of the intervention period (8 weeks). Questionnaire scores for belief-evaluations in the intervention groups pre- and post-study indicated that support of family and friends, food costs, time constraints and shopping practicalities (in order to increase intake of fruit, vegetable and vegetable dishes) were barriers to greater consumption of these foodstuffs. Perceived situational barriers to increasing intakes of fruits and vegetables were: limited availability of vegetables, salads and fruit at work canteens, take-aways, friends' houses and at work generally. Following the intervention the number of visits to the shops was perceived as a greater barrier for increasing intakes of fruit and vegetables. Perceived practical opportunities for increasing intakes highlighted drinking fruit juice, taking fruit as a dessert, having fruit as a between-meal snack and eating two portions of vegetables with a meal. About two-thirds of intervention subjects achieved the recommended fruit and vegetable target, but it is concluded that practical issues and situational barriers need to be addressed for the success of future public health campaigns.
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O’Connor, Laura, Janette Walton, and Albert Flynn. "Fruit and vegetable intakes, sources and contribution to total diet in very young children (1–4 years): the Irish National Pre-School Nutrition Survey." British Journal of Nutrition 115, no. 12 (April 22, 2016): 2196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114516001422.
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AbstractAlthough the importance of fruit and vegetable (F&V) intakes in the prevention of chronic diseases is well established, there are limited data on intakes in very young children. This study estimates F&V intakes and sources and the contribution to the total diet using data from the National Pre-School Nutrition Survey, a nationally representative sample (n500) of Irish children aged 1–4 years. A 4-d weighed food record was used to collect food intake data. Of 1652 food codes consumed, 740 had a fruit/vegetable component. The percentage of edible fruits and/or vegetables in each food code was calculated. Intakes (g/d), sources (g/d) and the contribution of F&V to the weight of the total diet (%) were estimated, split by age. All children consumed F&V. Intakes of total fruits, in particular fruit juice, increased with age. The contribution to total fruit intake was discrete fruits (47–56 % range across age), 100 % fruit juice, smoothies and pureés (32–45 %) as well as fruits in composite dishes (7–13 %). Total vegetable intake comprised of discrete vegetables (48–62 % range across age) and vegetables in composite dishes (38–52 %). F&V contributed on average 20 % (15 % fruit; 5 % vegetables) to the weight of the total diet and was <10 % in sixty-one children (12 %). F&V contributed 50 % of vitamin C, 53 % of carotene, 34 % of dietary fibre and 42 % of non-milk sugar intakes from the total diet. F&V are important components of the diet of Irish pre-school children; however, some aspects of F&V intake patterns could be improved in this age group.
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Bardzik, Alec, Ariun Ishdorj, and Ju Won Jang. "Super-premium Fruit and Vegetable Beverages: A Retail Sales Analysis and Demand Estimation." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 45, no. 3 (November 28, 2016): 563–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/age.2016.24.
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Super-premium fruit and vegetable juices and drinks are a rapidly emerging product subcategory. We use retail-level scanner data to analyze trends in sales of and demand for super-premium and other fruit and vegetable beverages. We find that super-premium beverages represent a small share—about 6 percent in terms of dollar sales in 2012—of the overall fruit and vegetable juice and drink market and are priced considerably higher. Total sales more than doubled between 2007 and 2012 with 16 percent annual growth, and the beverages were more responsive to changes in price than other fruit and vegetable juices and drinks.
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Dijkstra, S. Coosje, Judith E. Neter, Ingeborg A. Brouwer, Martijn Huisman, Marjolein Visser, Frank J. van Lenthe, and Carlijn BM Kamphuis. "Socio-economic differences in the change of fruit and vegetable intakes among Dutch adults between 2004 and 2011: the GLOBE study." Public Health Nutrition 21, no. 9 (February 20, 2018): 1704–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017004219.
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AbstractObjectiveTo investigate socio-economic differences in changes in fruit and vegetable intake between 2004 and 2011 and explore the mediating role of financial barriers in this change.DesignRespondents completed a self-reported questionnaire in 2004 and 2011, including questions on fruit and vegetable intake (frequency per week), indicators of socio-economic position (education, income) and perceived financial barriers (fruits/vegetables are expensive, financial distress). Associations were analysed using ordinal logistic regression. The mediating role of financial barriers in the association between socio-economic position and change in fruit and vegetable intake was studied with the Baron and Kenny approach.SettingLongitudinal GLOBE study.SubjectsA total of 2978 Dutch adults aged 25–75 years.ResultsRespondents with the lowest income in 2004 were more likely to report a decrease in intake of cooked vegetables (P-trend<0·001) and raw vegetables (P-trend<0·001) between 2004 and 2011, compared with those with the highest income level. Respondents with the lowest education level in 2004 were more likely to report a decrease in intake of fruits (P-trend=0·021), cooked vegetables (P-trend=0·033), raw vegetables (P-trend<0·001) and fruit juice (P-trend=0·027) between 2004 and 2011, compared with those with the highest education level. Financial barriers partially mediated the association between income and education and the decrease in fruit and cooked vegetable intake between 2004 and 2011.ConclusionsThese results show a widening of relative income and educational differences in fruit and vegetable intake between 2004 and 2011. Financial barriers explained a small part of this widening.
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GRANDE, MARIA J., ROSARIO LUCAS, EVA VALDIVIA, HIKMATE ABRIOUEL, MERCEDES MAQUEDA, NABIL BEN OMAR, MAGDALENA MARTÍNEZ-CAÑAMERO, and ANTONIO GÁLVEZ. "Stability of Enterocin AS-48 in Fruit and Vegetable Juices." Journal of Food Protection 68, no. 10 (October 1, 2005): 2085–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-68.10.2085.
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Enterocin AS-48 is a candidate bacteriocin for food biopreservation. Before addressing application of AS-48 to vegetable-based foods, the interaction between AS-48 and vegetable food components and the stability of AS-48 were studied. Enterocin AS-48 had variable interactions with fruit and vegetable juices, with complete, partial, or negligible loss of activity. For some juices, loss of activity was ameliorated by increasing the bacteriocin concentration, diluting the juice, or applying a heat pretreatment. In juices obtained from cabbage, cauliflower, lettuce, green beans, celery, and avocado, AS-48 was very stable for the first 24 to 48 h of storage under refrigeration, and decay of activity was markedly influenced by storage temperature. In fresh-made fruit juices (orange, apple, grapefruit, pear, pineapple, and kiwi) and juice mixtures, AS-48 was very stable for at least 15 days at 4°C, and bacteriocin activity was still detectable after 30 days of storage. Gradual and variable loss of activity occurred in juices stored at 15 and 28°C; inactivation was faster at higher temperatures. In commercial fruit juices (orange, apple, peach, and pineapple) stored at 4°C, the bacteriocin was completely stable for up to 120 days, and over 60% of initial activity was still present in juices stored at 15°C for the same period. Commercial fruit juices stored at 28°C for 120 days retained between 31.5% (apple) and 67.71% (peach) of their initial bacteriocin activity. Solutions of AS-48 in sterile distilled water were stable (120 days at 4 to 28°C). Limited loss of activity was observed after mixing AS-48 with some food-grade dyes and thickening agents. Enterocin AS-48 added to lettuce juice incubated at 15°C reduced viable counts of Listeria monocytogenes CECT 4032 and Bacillus cereus LWL1 to below detection limits and markedly reduced viable counts of Staphylococcus aureus CECT 976.
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Souverein, Olga W., Jeanne H. M. de Vries, Riitta Freese, Bernhard Watzl, Achim Bub, Edgar R. Miller, Jacqueline J. M. Castenmiller, et al. "Prediction of fruit and vegetable intake from biomarkers using individual participant data of diet-controlled intervention studies." British Journal of Nutrition 113, no. 9 (April 8, 2015): 1396–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515000355.
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Fruit and vegetable consumption produces changes in several biomarkers in blood. The present study aimed to examine the dose–response curve between fruit and vegetable consumption and carotenoid (α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein and zeaxanthin), folate and vitamin C concentrations. Furthermore, a prediction model of fruit and vegetable intake based on these biomarkers and subject characteristics (i.e. age, sex, BMI and smoking status) was established. Data from twelve diet-controlled intervention studies were obtained to develop a prediction model for fruit and vegetable intake (including and excluding fruit and vegetable juices). The study population in the present individual participant data meta-analysis consisted of 526 men and women. Carotenoid, folate and vitamin C concentrations showed a positive relationship with fruit and vegetable intake. Measures of performance for the prediction model were calculated using cross-validation. For the prediction model of fruit, vegetable and juice intake, the root mean squared error (RMSE) was 258·0 g, the correlation between observed and predicted intake was 0·78 and the mean difference between observed and predicted intake was − 1·7 g (limits of agreement: − 466·3, 462·8 g). For the prediction of fruit and vegetable intake (excluding juices), the RMSE was 201·1 g, the correlation was 0·65 and the mean bias was 2·4 g (limits of agreement: − 368·2, 373·0 g). The prediction models which include the biomarkers and subject characteristics may be used to estimate average intake at the group level and to investigate the ranking of individuals with regard to their intake of fruit and vegetables when validating questionnaires that measure intake.
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Lindsay, Chester W. "Calculation of Juice Content in a Diluted Fruit Juice Beverage." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 76, no. 2 (March 1, 1993): 424–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/76.2.424.
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Abstract A1990 amendment to the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act states that if a food purports to be a beverage containing vegetable or fruit juice, it shall be deemed to be misbranded unless its label bears a statement of the total percentage of such fruit or vegetable juice content. The intent of the present paper is to assist beverage manufacturers in calculating the juice content of their products for the purpose of a label declaration.
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Kasi, Phanindra Babu, and Márta Kotormán. "Avocado Juice Prevents the Formation of Trypsin Amyloid-Like Fibrils in Aqueous Ethanol." Natural Product Communications 14, no. 5 (May 2019): 1934578X1985141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x19851410.
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In this work fruit and vegetable juices were analyzed for their ability to prevent the aggregation of trypsin using turbidity measurement. Fruit and vegetable juices are capable of inhibiting the aggregation of PMS-trypsin in aqueous ethanol. Among the juices examined, avocado was found to be the most effective. Choline bitartrate was investigated for its ability to inhibit the fibrillation of PMS-trypsin. We have found that avocado juice and choline bitartrate have an inhibitory effect on the formation of trypsin amyloid-like fibrils using Congo red-binding assay.
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Meng, Zhijuan, Qiang Li, Jianhan Cong, Yunxia Huang, Dong Wang, Canping Pan, Sufang Fan, and Yan Zhang. "Rapid Screening of 350 Pesticide Residues in Vegetable and Fruit Juices by Multi-Plug Filtration Cleanup Method Combined with Gas Chromatography-Electrostatic Field Orbitrap High Resolution Mass Spectrometry." Foods 10, no. 7 (July 16, 2021): 1651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10071651.
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A new method for screening pesticide residues in vegetable and fruit juices by the multi-plug filtration cleanup (m-PFC) method combined with gas chromatography-electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry(GC-Orbitrap/MS) was developed. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile, purified with m-PFC and determined by GC-Orbitrap/MS. Qualitative analysis was confirmed by retention time, accurate molecular mass and quantitative analysis were performed with the matrix standard calibration. It could eliminate matrix interference effectively. Eight kinds of typical samples (orange juice, apple juice, grape juice, strawberry juice, celery juice, carrot juice, cucumber juice, tomato juice) were evaluated. The linear ranges of the 350 pesticides were from 5 to 500 μg/kg, with good correlation coefficients greater than 0.990. The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.3–3.0 μg/kg and the limits of quantification (LOQs) were 1.0–10.0 μg/kg. The average recoveries at three spiked levels of 10, 100, 200 μg/kg were in the range of 72.8–122.4%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 2.0–10.8%. The method has effectively improved the determination efficiency of pesticide residue screening by high-resolution mass spectrometry in vegetable and fruit juices.
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Benton, David, and Hayley A. Young. "Role of fruit juice in achieving the 5-a-day recommendation for fruit and vegetable intake." Nutrition Reviews 77, no. 11 (September 4, 2019): 829–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuz031.
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Abstract Although there is strong evidence that consumption of fruit and vegetables is associated with a reduced rate of all-cause mortality, only a minority of the population consumes 5 servings a day, and campaigns to increase intake have had limited success. This review examines whether encouraging the consumption of fruit juice might offer a step toward the 5-a-day target. Reasons given for not consuming whole fruit involve practicalities, inconvenience, and the effort required. Psychologically, what is important is not only basic information about health, but how individuals interpret their ability to implement that information. It has been argued that fruit juice avoids the problems that commonly prevent fruit consumption and thus provides a practical means of increasing intake and benefitting health through an approach with which the population can readily engage. Those arguing against consuming fruit juice emphasize that it is a source of sugar lacking fiber, yet juice provides nutrients such as vitamin C, carotenoids, and polyphenols that offer health-related benefits. Actively encouraging the daily consumption of fruit juice in public health policy could help populations achieve the 5-a-day recommendation for fruit and vegetable intake.
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Matute, Alexis, Jessica Tabart, Jean-Paul Cheramy-Bien, Bernard Pirotte, Claire Kevers, Cyril Auger, Valérie Schini-Kerth, Jacques Dommes, Jean-Olivier Defraigne, and Joël Pincemail. "Compared Phenolic Compound Contents of 22 Commercial Fruit and Vegetable Juices: Relationship to Ex-Vivo Vascular Reactivity and Potential In Vivo Projection." Antioxidants 9, no. 2 (January 22, 2020): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9020092.
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The real impact of polyphenol-rich vegetable and fruit juice intake on cardiovascular health remains a matter of controversy. In the present study, rat aorta segments immersed in an organ bath (OB) were used to explore whether the total polyphenol content and/or individual phenolic compound contents of 22 commercial vegetable (n = 3) and fruit juices [(citrus (n = 5), berries (n = 10), apple (n = 2), pineapple (n = 2)] might be associated with vascular tone. Red juices (particularly blackcurrant) and lemon juice caused the most marked vasorelaxation, its amplitude being endothelium dependent or not according to the volume ratio of juice to initial OB solution Vjuice/VOBS). At volume ratios 5% and 10%, both the juice and OB total polyphenol for all juices and total anthocyanin contents for berry juices significantly correlated with aorta vasorelaxation intensity. This was not the case for total or individual flavonols (except kaempferol) or for total or individual flavanols (except epigallocatechin gallate). If one relates our measured concentrations of individual phenolic compounds in OB to what is known about their physiological concentrations, and given our evidenced correlations between compound concentrations and vasorelaxation intensity, kaempferol, epigallocatechin gallate and peonidin-3-O-glucoside seem to emerge as the interesting phenolic compounds likely to be responsible for the potent vasorelaxation observed with fruit juices, and more particularly blackcurrant ones. Clinical investigation is required, however, to confirm our observations.
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Havas, P., Sz Kun, G. Styevkó, V. Slačanac, J. Hardi, and J. Rezessy-Szabó. "Fruit and vegetable juice fermentation with Bifidobacteria." Acta Alimentaria 43, Supplement 1 (November 2014): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aalim.2014.4444.
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Jones, Louise R., Colin D. Steer, Imogen S. Rogers, and Pauline M. Emmett. "Influences on child fruit and vegetable intake: sociodemographic, parental and child factors in a longitudinal cohort study." Public Health Nutrition 13, no. 7 (March 3, 2010): 1122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980010000133.
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AbstractObjectiveTo examine the sociodemographic, parental and child factors that predict fruit and vegetable consumption in 7-year-old children.DesignDiet was assessed using three 1d unweighed food diaries. The child’s daily fruit and vegetable consumption was calculated by summing the weight of each type of fruit, fruit juice and vegetable consumed. The various others factors measured were assessed by a questionnaire at different time points.SettingThe Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC).SubjectsA total of 7285 children aged 7 years residing in the south-west of England during 1999–2000.ResultsMedian daily fruit and vegetable consumption (201 g) was below the recommendations for this age group (320 g). Girls ate more fruit and vegetables per unit energy (30·3 g/MJ) than boys (26·7 g/MJ;P=< 0·001). The predictors of fruit and vegetable consumption were mostly similar. Fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with maternal consumption, maternal education status and parental rules about serving fruit/vegetables every day, food expenditure per person and whether the child was choosy about food. Vegetable consumption was also associated with the other characteristics of the child, such as whether the child enjoyed food and whether the child tried a variety of foods.ConclusionsChildren are not eating recommended amounts of fruit and vegetables, particularly boys. Consumption of fruit and vegetables appears to be influenced by parental rules about daily consumption and parental consumption and by the child’s choosiness. Parent’s actions could influence this. These findings may prove useful for those planning healthy eating campaigns for children.
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Ji, Mengmeng, Ruopeng An, Yingjie Qiu, and Chenghua Guan. "The Impact of Natural Disasters on Dietary Intake." American Journal of Health Behavior 44, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.44.1.4.
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Objectives: In this study, we explored the potential impact of disasters on individuals' fruit and vegetable consumption. Methods: Individual-level data (N = 351,229) from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2011 survey were merged with county-level disaster declaration data from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) based on disaster duration, interview month and residential county. Multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear models were conducted to examine the impact of different types of disasters on self-reported daily fruit, 100% pure fruit juice, beans, green vegetables, orange vegetables, other vegetables and overall vegetables consumption frequencies, adjusting for individual covariates. Results: No associations between disasters and daily fruit and overall vegetable consumption frequency were identified at either national or state levels. Only floods were consistently associated with reduced consumption of orange vegetables. Conclusions: This study did not identify an association between natural disasters and daily overall fruit/vegetable consumption frequency at national or state levels, whereas disasters were found to alter the consumption of certain vegetable subgroup (orange vegetables) slightly. Longitudinal studies with validated and detailed measures on diet and disaster are warranted to advance research in this field.
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Sossamon, Michaela, and Derek Miketinas. "Relationships Between Food Security, Fruit and Vegetable Availability, and Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Elementary Children and Their Parents." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa043_136.
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Abstract Objectives The purpose of this cross-sectional analysis is to explore baseline findings on the relationships between food security, fruit and vegetable availability, and fruit and vegetable intake in elementary children and their parents before the start of a school-garden program. Methods Third-grade students (n = 154) and their parents were recruited from a Texas elementary school that participates in a school-garden program. Prior to the start of the program, student participants along with one of their parents completed the National Cancer Institute's All-Day Screener to assess fruit, juice, and vegetable intake. Parent participants also completed other validated questionnaires to assess home availability of fruits and vegetables and food security. Regression and ANOVA were used to examine the relationships between food security, fruit and vegetable availability at home, and fruit and vegetable intake in parent and student participants. Results A total of 64 students provided consent, and 39 students (∼58% female), each with one parent (∼97% female), completed the questionnaires. Parents who reported low food security had significantly greater total fruit and vegetable intake (4.7 servings/day) along with their children (6.0 servings/day) compared with parents (2.8 servings/day) and children (3.3 servings/day) with high food security. Fruit availability at home was positively correlated with fruit intake in parents (β = 0.18; P = .0261; R2 = 0.13; ) but not children (P = .8931). No significant associations were found between vegetable availability and vegetable intake in student or parent participants. Conclusions These baseline findings indicate greater fruit and vegetable intake for children and parents with low food security, which may be due to differences in fruit intake rather than vegetable intake. Although greater fruit intake was associated with fruit availability in the home for parents, this association was not observed for children. Funding Sources None.
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Pearson, Natalie, Stuart JH Biddle, and Trish Gorely. "Family correlates of fruit and vegetable consumption in children and adolescents: a systematic review." Public Health Nutrition 12, no. 2 (February 2009): 267–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980008002589.
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AbstractObjectivesTo review associations between the family environment and young people’s fruit and vegetable consumption.DesignA systematic review. Published English-language (n60) papers were identified using electronic databases and manual searches of personal files and reference lists. Observational research reporting a measure of fruit/vegetable intake for children (aged 6–11 years) and/or adolescents (aged 12–18 years) and at least one potential family correlate of dietary intake was included.ResultsParental modelling and parental intake were consistently and positively associated with children’s fruit and fruit, juice and vegetable (FJV) consumption. There were also positive associations between home availability, family rules and parental encouragement and children’s fruit and vegetable consumption. Parental intake was positively associated with adolescents’ fruit and vegetable consumption. There were also positive associations between parental occupational status and adolescent fruit consumption and between parental education and adolescents’ FJV consumption.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the importance of targeting the family environment for the promotion of healthy eating behaviours among children and adolescents. Future interventions should encourage parents to be positive role models by targeting parental intake and to create a supportive home environment through increased encouragement and availability of fruits and vegetables and employing rules to govern eating behaviours. For adolescents, indicators of family circumstances (e.g. parental education) should be used to identify target groups for interventions aimed at promoting healthy eating.
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Hansen, Louise, Lars O. Dragsted, Anja Olsen, Jane Christensen, Anne Tjønneland, Erik B. Schmidt, and Kim Overvad. "Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of acute coronary syndrome." British Journal of Nutrition 104, no. 2 (February 24, 2010): 248–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114510000462.
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Prospective epidemiological studies have reported that a higher fruit and vegetable intake is associated with a lower risk of CHD. The aim of the present study was to examine associations between fruit and vegetable consumption, in particular the subgroupings citrus fruits, apples and cruciferous vegetables, and the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). During a median follow-up of 7·7 years, 1075 incident ACS cases were identified among 53 383 men and women, aged 50–64 years at recruitment into the Diet, Cancer and Health cohort study in 1993–7. Fruit and vegetable intake was estimated from a validated FFQ, and ACS incidence rate ratios (IRR) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Overall, a tendency towards a lower risk of ACS was observed for both men and women with higher fruit and vegetable consumption. For men, we found an inverse association for apple intake (IRR per 25 g/d: 0·97; 95 % CI 0·94, 0·99). This association was also seen among women, albeit borderline significant. However, a higher risk was seen among women with higher fruit juice intake (IRR per 25 g/d: 1·04; 95 % CI 1·00, 1·08). The present results provide some support for previously observed inverse associations between fresh fruit intake, particularly apples, and ACS risk.
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Rizzello, Carlo G., Pasquale Filannino, Raffaella Di Cagno, Maria Calasso, and Marco Gobbetti. "Quorum-Sensing Regulation of Constitutive Plantaricin by Lactobacillus plantarum Strains under a Model System for Vegetables and Fruits." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 2 (November 15, 2013): 777–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03224-13.
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ABSTRACTThis study aimed at investigating the regulatory system of bacteriocin synthesis byLactobacillus plantarumstrains in vegetables and fruits in a model system. Sterile and neutralized cell-free supernatant (CFS) fromL. plantarumstrains grown in MRS broth showedin vitroantimicrobial activities toward various indicator strains. The highest activity was that ofL. plantarumC2. The antimicrobial activity was further assayed on vegetable and fruit agar plates (solid conditions) and in juices (liquid conditions). A regulatory mechanism of bacteriocin synthesis via quorum sensing was hypothesized. The synthesis of antimicrobial compounds seemed to be constitutive under solid conditions of growth on vegetable and fruit agar plates. In contrast, it depended on the size of the inoculum whenL. plantarumC2 was grown in carrot juice. Only the inoculum of ca. 9.0 log CFU ml−1produced detectable activity. The genesplnA,plnEF,plnG, andplnHwere found in allL. plantarumstrains. The genesplnJKandplnNwere detected in only three or four strains. Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography purification and mass spectrometry analysis revealed the presence of a mixture of eight peptides in the most active fraction of the CFS fromL. plantarumC2. Active peptides were encrypted into bacteriocin precursors, such as plantaricins PlnJ/K and PlnH and PlnG, which are involved in the ABC transport system. A real-time PCR assay showed an increase in the expression ofplnJKandplnGduring growth ofL. plantarumC2 in carrot juice.
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Saxe-Custack, Amy, Jenny LaChance, and Mona Hanna-Attisha. "Child Consumption of Whole Fruit and Fruit Juice Following Six Months of Exposure to a Pediatric Fruit and Vegetable Prescription Program." Nutrients 12, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12010025.
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Public health recommendations suggest limiting child consumption of fruit juice in favor of whole fruit due to juice’s high sugar content, lack of fruit fiber, and potential for excess intake. However, replacing juice with whole fruit may be particularly challenging for low-income and minority children, who report the highest intake of 100% juice. To address access and affordability challenges among low-income children, researchers partnered with pediatricians in an urban food desert community, to introduce a fruit and vegetable prescription program (FVPP) that provided a $15 prescription for fresh produce to every child during each office visit. Participating vendors included a farmers’ market and local mobile market. This study assessed changes in daily consumption of total fruit and whole fruit among 108 pediatric patients following six months of exposure to the FVPP. Child-reported mean daily intake of whole fruit increased significantly from the baseline to the 6-month follow-up (p = 0.03): 44% of children reported an increased intake of at least ¼ cup per day, and 30% reported an increased intake of at least ½ cup per day. Changes in total fruit intake (including fruit juice) were not significant. Results suggest a pediatric FVPP may have meaningful impacts on children’s dietary behaviors, particularly with regard to the intake of whole fruits.
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Hariati, Niken Widyastuti, and Rijanti Abdurrachim. "Fruit and vegetable juice formulation for blood pressure control in hypertensive elderly." Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) 8, no. 1 (August 27, 2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/ijnd.2020.8(1).45-53.
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<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Latar belakang: Lansia merupakan kelompok usia yang sangat rentan menderita hipertensi atau tekanan darah tinggi. Selain dengan obat, tekanan darah bisa dikontrol dengan pengelolaan pola makan. Beberapa buah dan sayuran yang dipercaya dapat membantu menurunkan tekanan darah seperti semangka, mentimun, tomat, sawi hijau, papaya dan pisang Ambon. Kandungan yang berperan antara lain kandungan air, serat, kalsium, kalium dan magnesium. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat efektifi tas formulasi jus sayur dan buah terhadap pengendalian tekanan darah pada lansia hipertensi. <br />Metode: Metode penelitian secara Quasi Experiment dengan rancangan penelitian analisis varians satu arah berdasarkan Kruskal-Wallis dengan taraf signifi kan 5% (α = 0.05) dan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Kelompok perlakuan diberikan intervensi berupa pemberian jus sayur dan buah dengan pengendalian standar makanan untuk menghasilkan standarisasi jus sayur dan buah yang efektif dalam pengendalian tekanan darah. Penelitian dilakukan di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Budi Sejahtera. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh lansia hipertensi di Panti Tresna Werdha Budi Sejahtera sebanyak 108 orang dengan sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sebanyak 81 orang dimana terdapat 27 kombinasi formula jus (9 kombinasi formula A, 9 kombinasi formula B, 9 kombinasi formula C). Pemberian tiap kombinasi diberi jeda satu hari dengan melihat perubahan tekanan darah 6 jam sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. <br />Hasil: Hasil penelitian didapatkan formula jus sayur dan buah yang paling efektif dalam pengendalian tekanan darah sistolik lansia yaitu kelompok formula B31 (tomat, sawi dan semangka) dan B32 (tomat, sawi dan pisang ambon) dengan p= 0.046 atau tingkat kepercayaan >95%. <br />Kesimpulan: Perlu dilakukan uji lebih lanjut dengan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar terhadap kedua formula jus sayur dan buah ini untuk melihat seberapa jauh efektifi tas penurunan tekanan darah yang dihasilkan. Hasil penelitian ini bisa menjadi bahan pertimbangan dalam pengaturan menu diet pada lansia dengan hipertensi.</p><p>KATA KUNCI: hipertensi, jus buah, lansia, sayuran</p><p><br />ABSTRACT</p><p>Backgrounds: The elderly is an age group that is very vulnerable to suffer from hypertension. In addition to drugs, blood pressure can also be controlled by managing diet. Some fruits and vegetables that are believed to reduce blood pressure are watermelons, cucumbers, tomatoes, mustard greens, papaya and Ambonese bananas. Ingredients that play a role include mineral potassium, calcium and magnesium. <br />Objectives: This study aims to look at the effectiveness of vegetable and fruit juice formulations on controlling blood pressure in elderly hypertension. <br />Methods: The research method is a Quasi Experiment with a one-way analysis of variance analysis design based on Kruskal-Wallis with a signifi cance level of 5% (α = 0.05) and a confidence level of 95%. The treatment group was given intervention in the form of giving vegetable and fruit juices by controlling food standards to produce an effective standardization of vegetable and fruit juices in controlling blood pressure. The study was conducted at Tresna Werdha Budi Sejahtera Social Home. The study population was all elderly hypertension at Tresna Werdha Budi Sejahtera Orphanage as many as 108 people with the study sample using purposive sampling techniques as many as 81 people where there were 27 juice formula combinations (9 combinations of formula A, 9 combinations of formula B, 9 combinations of formula C). Giving each combination given a pause one day to see changes in blood pressure 6 hours before and after the intervention. <br />Results: The results showed that the most effective formulas of vegetable and fruit juices in controlling systolic blood pressure in the elderly were the formula group B31 (tomatoes, mustard greens and watermelons) and B32 (tomatoes, mustards and ambon bananas) with p = 0.046 or a confi dence level>95% (α=0,05). <br />Conclusion: Further tests need to be carried out with a larger number of samples of these two vegetable and fruit juice formulas to see how far the effectiveness of blood pressure reduction is produced and the results of this study can be taken into consideration in the regulation of diet menus in the elderly with hypertension.</p><p>KEYWORDS: elderly, fruit juices, hypertension, vegetable</p>
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Borgi, Lea, Isao Muraki, Ambika Satija, Walter C. Willett, Eric B. Rimm, and John P. Forman. "Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and the Incidence of Hypertension in Three Prospective Cohort Studies." Hypertension 67, no. 2 (February 2016): 288–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.06497.
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Increased fruit and vegetable intake lowers blood pressure in short-term interventional studies. However, data on the association of long-term intake of fruits and vegetables with hypertension risk are scarce. We prospectively examined the independent association of whole fruit (excluding juices) and vegetable intake, as well as the change in consumption of whole fruits and vegetables, with incident hypertension in 3 large longitudinal cohort studies: Nurses’ Health Study (n=62 175), Nurses’ Health Study II (n=88 475), and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (n=36 803). We calculated hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for fruit and vegetable consumption while controlling for hypertension risk factors. Compared with participants whose consumption was ≤4 servings/week, the pooled hazard ratios among those whose intake was ≥4 servings/day were 0.92(0.87–0.97) for total whole fruit intake and 0.95(0.86–1.04) for total vegetable intake. Similarly, compared with participants who did not increase their fruit or vegetable consumption, the pooled hazard ratios for those whose intake increased by ≥7 servings/week were 0.94(0.90–0.97) for total whole fruit intake and 0.98(0.94–1.01) for total vegetable. Analyses of individual fruits and vegetables yielded different results. Consumption levels of ≥4 servings/week (as opposed to <1 serving/month) of broccoli, carrots, tofu or soybeans, raisins, and apples was associated with lower hypertension risk. In conclusion, our results suggest that greater long-term intake and increased consumption of whole fruits may reduce the risk of developing hypertension.
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Ensman, Robert, Thomas R. Hacker, and R. A. D. Wentwork. "Vegetable voltage and fruit "juice": An electrochemical demonstration." Journal of Chemical Education 65, no. 8 (August 1988): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed065p727.1.
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Ovcharenko, A. S., E. A. Rasulova, O. V. Ivanova, and N. A. Velichko. "Blended fruit and vegetable juices based on small-fruited apples, pumpkin, mountain ash and honey." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 80, no. 3 (December 17, 2018): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2018-3-111-115.
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Health and life expectancy of a person are largely related to the quality of food. Insufficient amount of biologically active substances (BAS) in the diet can lead to the development of alimentary diseases such as diabetes, cancer, diseases of the cardiovascular system. They are based on oxidative stress causing the development of inflammation. Natural antioxidants of plant origin – polyphenols and carotenoids reduce the risk of these diseases. To create blended juices of functional orientation, fruit and vegetable raw materials containing high concentrations of these compounds is suggested to use. Mountain ash and small-fruited Siberian apples are rich in flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids, pumpkin – carotenoids. Honey enriches the taste of the drink. Based on these components, recipes of blended fruit and vegetable juices with honey were created. Methods of research of organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbiological parameters, approved by normative and technical documentation, were used in the work. Four compositions that differ in the ratio of the ingredients were considered. According to the results of the organoleptic evaluation, the juice formulation was chosen, including 450 ml of juice of small-fruited apples, 400 ml of pumpkin juice, 100 ml of mountain ash syrup, 25 ml of honey and 25 ml of water on 1 liter juice. The main physicochemical indicators of the juice are determined: the mass fraction of soluble solids was 16.0%, the mass fraction of pulp was 4.5%, the mass fraction of sugar was 36.3%, the mass fraction of titrated acids in terms of malic acid was 0.45 %, pH was 3.7. Studies of microbiological safety were carried out. The check sample of juice corresponds to the industrial sterility indicators and regulatory and technical documentation.
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An, Ruopeng, and Chung-Yi Chiu. "Dietary Intake Among U.S. Adults With Disability." Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education 29, no. 1 (2015): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2168-6653.29.1.59.
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Purpose: Physical, mental, and financial barriers among individuals with disability may limit their access to fruit and vegetable. In this study, we examined the relationship between disability status and vegetable, fruit, and fruit juice intake among U.S. adults aged 18 years and older using a large nationally representative sample.Methods: Participants came from Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2011 wave, a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults. Outcomes included self-report daily vegetable, fruit, and pure fruit juice consumption frequency. Disability status was classified into 7 categories: limited in activities caused by physical, mental, or emotional problems (AL); health problem requiring use of special equipment (HP); either AL or HP; both AL and HP; unable to work because of disability or other reasons (UN); AL and HP and UN; and no disability (no AL or HP or UN). The associations between consumption and disability were estimated in multivariate regressions controlling for sociodemographics, body weight, and survey month/state and accounting for survey design.Results: U.S. adults with disability consumed vegetable and fruit significantly less frequently than those without disability. Across disability categories, daily vegetable consumption frequency among people with disability was 4%–15%, and daily fruit consumption frequency 7%–18% lower than people without disability. Fruit juice consumption frequency appeared slightly higher among people with disability, indicating some substitution effect. Part of the disparities in diet tends to be explained by the differences in education, marital status, and income between people with and without disability.Conclusions: Using recent data from a large nationally representative health survey, we found American adults with disability to consume fruit and vegetable significantly less frequently than those without disability. Policy interventions are warranted to increase fruit and vegetable consumption among people with disability and reduce disparities.
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Gabrovská, D., J. Ouhrabková, J. Rysová, M. Holasová, V. Fiedlerová, I. Laknerová, R. Winterová, et al. "Mixed vegetable juices acidified with sauerkraut juice and preserved using high pressure or heat pasteurisation treatments – nutritional and sensory evaluation." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 32, No. 2 (April 22, 2014): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/172/2013-cjfs.
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The goal of this work was to design mixed vegetable (vegetable-fruit) juices which are preserved by high pressure, have an increased content of bioactive substances, are made from locally available produce, and offer excellent nutrition and appealing taste. The new products were prepared on laboratory scale units and underwent nutritional, microbiological, and sensory evaluations. The basic composition, total polyphenol content, ascorbic acid content, and total antioxidant activity were determined.
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Pavlenko, Svitlana, Yakov Verkhivker, and Оlena Myroshnichenko. "Development of technology for production of functional fruit drinks." Technology audit and production reserves 4, no. 3(60) (July 31, 2021): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.237867.
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The object of research is the technology of functional fruit and vegetable juice products enriched with collagen. The subject of research is various types of collagen, formulations and parameters of technological operations for the production of functional juice drinks. The research is aimed at the develop technology, recipes for a new assortment of fruit and vegetable drinks enriched with collagen. Also it is aimed at the preserve the functional properties of collagen in canned juice products after high-temperature processing and create food products for everyday consumption to solve age-related and other problems associated with human health. In the course of the study, standard methods were used to determine the organoleptic indicators of various types of collagen, juice products, as well as to determine the mass fraction of moisture, carbohydrates, fats, proteins in the developed fruit and vegetable drinks enriched with collagen. Also, to confirm the presence and preservation of collagen in finished products, the electrophoresis method was used to determine the atomic mass unit of the constituent substances after complete drying of the samples. The proposed methods make it possible to assess the quality of the developed collagen-enriched drinks, prove the presence and preservation of a biologically active additive in the finished product after using the sterilization mode parameters – temperature and time, when receiving canned products. The developed formulations and technology make it possible to consider functional fruit and vegetable juice-containing products enriched with a biologically active additive collagen as effective and useful. An easily digestible food product for everyday consumption is proposed for solving age-related and other problems related to human health, with regulation of the pH value for effective use of the beneficial properties of this additive. In contrast to existing functional juice products, the proposed formulations and technology make it possible to obtain juice-containing fruit and vegetable blended products with a biologically active additive collagen. The technology minimizes the impact of collagen on the organoleptic characteristics of the developed recipe compositions of finished products and preserves its beneficial biologically active properties in the finished canned product after heat sterilization.
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Lynch, Christel, Asa Gudrun Kristjansdottir, Saskia J. te Velde, Nanna Lien, Eva Roos, Inga Thorsdottir, Michael Krawinkel, et al. "Fruit and vegetable consumption in a sample of 11-year-old children in ten European countries – the PRO GREENS cross-sectional survey." Public Health Nutrition 17, no. 11 (July 15, 2014): 2436–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980014001347.
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AbstractObjectiveTo describe fruit and vegetable intake of 11-year-old children in ten European countries and compare it with current dietary guidelines.DesignCross-sectional survey. Intake was assessed using a previously validated questionnaire containing a pre-coded 24 h recall and an FFQ which were completed in the classroom. Portion sizes were calculated using a standardized protocol.SettingSurveys were performed in schools regionally selected in eight countries and nationally representative in two countries.SubjectsA total of 8158 children from 236 schools across Europe participating in the PRO GREENS project.ResultsThe total mean consumption of fruit and vegetables was between 220 and 345 g/d in the ten participating countries. Mean intakes did not reach the WHO population goal of ≥400 g/d in any of the participating countries. Girls had a significantly higher intake of total fruit and vegetables than boys in five of the countries (Sweden, Finland, Iceland, Bulgaria and Slovenia). Mean total fruit intake ranged between 114 and 240 g/d and vegetable intake between 73 and 141 g/d. When using the level ≥400 g/d as a cut-off, only 23·5 % (13·8–37·0 %) of the studied children, depending on country and gender, met the WHO recommendation (fruit juice excluded).ConclusionsFruit and vegetable consumption was below recommended levels among the schoolchildren in all countries and vegetable intake was lower than fruit intake. The survey shows that there is a need for promotional activities to improve fruit and vegetable consumption in this age group.
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Li, Zeng Xin, Xu Yi Zhou, Zhong He Tian, Hong Li, and Sa Sa Wang. "Application of Modified Chitosan in Fruit Juice Clarification." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.211.
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The clarify fruit juice has the characteristics of clear bright and current commercially available in the beverage industry and international trade market. Chitosan clarification method has the compatibility, complete degradation and degradation metabolites of low toxicity and good biological and is widely used in juice production in the fruit and vegetable clarification. Some research shows that factors affecting the results of juice clarification are chitosan dosage, temperature, time, solution of pH, the molecular weight of chitosan solution viscosity size.Chitosan used in fruit juice processing could clarify fruit juice, but also had the characteristics of gel in the juice stored, and could maintain the original freshness of fruit juice. Bentonite, zeolite, maifan stone,such as the load with chitosan applied to fruit juice clarification, the amount of random factors difficulty to control can be avoided. Caroxymethyl chitosan used in blackberry juice processing the content of protein, polyphenol in juice reduced more than the chitosan treatment.It was good to prevent turbidity during storage or secondary precipitation.
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Enns, Cecilia Wilkinson. "FRUIT AND VEGETABLE INTAKES BY INDIVIDUALS IN THE 1987-88 NATIONWIDE FOOD CONSUMPTION SURVEY." HortScience 25, no. 9 (September 1990): 1110b—1110. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1110b.
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Using data from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Nationwide, Food Consumption Survey (NFCS) conducted from April 1987 through Summer 1988, 1-day intakes of fruits and vegetables by 10, 138 individuals are described. Mean intakes and percentages of individuals using total fruits, citrus fruits and juices, apples, bananas, other fruits and mixtures mainly fruit, noncitrus juices and nectars, total vegetables, white potatoes, tomatoes, dark-green and deep-yellow vegetables, and other vegetables are presented. Fruit and vegetable consumption patterns by age and sex (18 groups), by race (black and white), by region (Northeast, Midwest, South, and West), and by income level as a percentage of poverty (under 131%, 131-300%, and over 300%) are illustrated.
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Marsh, Tara, Karen Weber Cullen, and Tom Baranowski. "Validation of a Fruit, Juice, and Vegetable Availability Questionnaire." Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 35, no. 2 (March 2003): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1499-4046(06)60045-6.
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Serra-Majem, Lluís, Lourdes Ribas, Joy Ngo, Javier Aranceta, Marta Garaulet, Emilia Carazo, José Mataix, et al. "Risk of Inadequate Intakes of Vitamins A, B1, B6, C, E, Folate, Iron and Calcium in the Spanish Population Aged 4 to 18." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 71, no. 6 (November 1, 2001): 325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831.71.6.325.
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A meta-analysis of the most representative Spanish nutrition studies was carried out to identify inadequate intakes of vitamins A, B1, B6, C, E, folate, iron, and calcium in children aged 4 to 18. Information on vegetable, fruit and fruit juice/beverage intake was also solicited. Data drawn from the selected studies yielded a total of 6540 children and adolescents in eight geographical areas. The sample was stratified by age (children: 4 to 14 years old and adolescents: 13–18 years old) and sex. Inadequate intakes (below two-thirds of the recommended values) were notable in children for vitamin E, vitamin C, and vitamin A and in girls, iron. In adolescents, low intakes were especially marked for vitamin E and vitamin A, and in girls, calcium, folate, and iron. Adolescents consumed more vegetables, fruit juice, and fruit drinks whereas children had higher fruit intakes. Regional differences in consumption were also detected. Strategies for improving nutrient intake in these vulnerable populations are discussed.
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Sato, Yoshiko, Masamitsu Miyanaga, and Da-Hong Wang. "Psychosocial Determinants of Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Japanese Adolescents: A School-Based Study in Japan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (July 31, 2020): 5550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155550.
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A few studies in Japan have demonstrated positive attitudes, self-efficacy, social support, and perceived barrier were associated with fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake in adults; however, limited evidence addresses the association of psychosocial factors with F&V intake in adolescents. A cross-sectional study through a questionnaire survey was conducted at junior and senior high schools, and 933 students completed the questionnaire. Data were analyzed by X2 test and Student t-test. The findings demonstrated 2.7% of participants were aware of the current recommendations for vegetable and 2.0% for fruit. Only 4% and 8.1% of participants reported they consumed recommended amount of vegetables and fruits. In comparison with males, females showed higher scores of attitude (p < 0.01), responsibility (p < 0.01), and social support (p < 0.01). The barriers to vegetable intake were “I’m eating enough now”, “not always available when eating away from home”; the barriers to fruit intake were “don’t have a habit of having 100% juice or fruit in the morning”, and “cost too much”. The findings suggest the change of adolescents’ knowledge about what they should eat is needed in boosting F&V consumption. The development of an intervention program for adolescents needs to target socio-environmental factors such as family support, and nutritional education for early healthy habit formation.
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Wellard, Lyndal, Clare Hughes, Yee Wun Tsang, Wendy Watson, and Kathy Chapman. "Investigating fruit and vegetable claims on Australian food packages." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 15 (November 14, 2014): 2729–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980014002511.
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AbstractObjectivesFruit and vegetable claims on food packages are not regulated under Australian food standards. The present study aimed to: (i) investigate the number and healthiness of products carrying fruit and vegetable claims in Australia; and (ii) compare the nutrition composition of these products with fresh fruit and/or vegetables.DesignContent analysis of fruit and vegetable claims on food packages. The Australian food standards nutrient profiling model was used to determine the proportion of products not meeting nutrient profiling criteria. The nutrient composition of products carrying claims referencing the servings of fruit and vegetables in the product were compared with that of the dominant fruit and/or vegetables in each product.SettingThe five largest supermarket chains in Australia.SubjectsAll available products in the fruit snacks, soups and fruit and vegetable juices/fruit drinks categories (n 762) were surveyed. Nutrition composition, ingredients and claims were recorded for each product.ResultsOf the products surveyed, 48 % (n 366) carried at least one claim, of which 34 % (n 124) did not meet nutrient profiling. Products carrying claims referencing the number of servings of fruit and vegetables had more energy, sodium, saturated fat and sugar, and less fibre, than fresh fruit and/or vegetables (all P<0·001).ConclusionsMany products carried fruit and vegetable claims and were significantly higher in energy, saturated fat, sugars and sodium than fresh fruit and vegetables. Marketing these products as a way of meeting fruit and vegetable intake is inaccurate and potentially misleading. Fruit and vegetable claims should be regulated using nutrient profiling.
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Murphy, Mary M., Leila M. Barraj, Tristin D. Brisbois, and Alison M. Duncan. "Frequency of fruit juice consumption and association with nutrient intakes among Canadians." Nutrition and Health 26, no. 4 (August 12, 2020): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0260106020944299.
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Background: In Canada, studies on consumption of 100% fruit juice and nutrient intakes are limited. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate nutrient intakes and adequacy of intake by frequency of fruit juice consumption. Methods: Individuals ≥1 year ( n = 34,351) participating in the Canadian Community Health Survey, 2004 with a 24-hour dietary recall and reported usual frequency of fruit juice consumption (assumed to be 100% juice) were categorized by frequency of consumption as <0.5, ≥0.5 to <1.5, or ≥1.5 times/day. Results: More frequent consumption of fruit juice (≥0.5 times/day) was associated with higher intakes of total fruits and vegetables, whole fruits, energy, total sugars, vitamin C and potassium. More frequent consumption of fruit juice was associated with improved intake adequacy of vitamin C for adults. Conclusions: Fruit juice consumption contributes to increased intakes of vitamin C and potassium as well as energy and total sugars, thus presenting a trade-off for consumers to balance.
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Tsiountsioura, Melina, Gerhard Cvirn, Lisa Götz, and Manfred Lamprecht. "Effects of Two Plant-Based Dietary Supplements on Cardiovascular Health and Low-Grade Inflammation in the Elderly: Study Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab033_060.
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Abstract Objectives To assess whether the long-term separate ingestions of an encapsulated juice powder concentrate and a plant-based omega fatty acid supplement, or a combined ingestion of the two, can affect biomarkers of cardiovascular health, low-grade inflammation and indicators of aging in the elderly. Methods This is a randomised, controlled, open-labelled, parallel-grouped clinical trial, consisting of 4 arms. One hundred and twelve, overweight and obese (BMI 25–35 kg/m2) subjects, aged 60 to 80 years will be recruited and randomly allocated to: i) control group; ii) Fruit, Vegetable and Berry (FVB) group, where participants have to ingest a fruit, vegetable and berry supplement (Juice Plus+® capsules); iii) Omega group, where participants have to ingest a plant-based fatty acid supplement (Juice Plus+® Omega Blend); and iv) Fruit, Vegetable, Berry and Omega (FVBO) group, where participants have to ingest the fruit, vegetable and berry supplement, together with the plant-based fatty acid supplement. Participants in all groups will continue their habitual diet and lifestyle. Those allocated to one of the three intervention groups, will be asked to ingest the supplements for a total duration of two years. Participants will be assessed at baseline and at follow-up visits at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Primary outcomes include markers of cardiovascular health and low-grade inflammation. Secondary outcomes include selected indicators of aging, cognitive function, immunity and quality of life. Finally, plasma levels of vitamins, carotenoids and fatty acids will also be assessed. Results N/A Conclusions This study will provide evidence whether long-term, plant-based dietary supplementation can support cardiovascular health, anti-inflammatory processes, immunity and nutritional status in aging. Funding Sources The Juice Plus + Science Institute received funding by The Juice Plus+® Company for this project.
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Birkett, Nicholas J. "Intake of fruits and vegetables in smokers." Public Health Nutrition 2, no. 2 (February 1999): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980099000270.
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AbstractObjectivesTo examine intake of fruits and vegetables in smokers and non-smokers.DesignSecondary analysis using general linear modelling approaches. Food intake measured using a food frequency questionnaire approach.SettingThe community (the population of the province of Ontario, Canada).SubjectsMembers of the general public (n=38,000).ResultsSmokers ate substantially less fruit and fruit juice then non-smokers with heavy smokers eating the least. Heavy smokers were between four and six times more likely to be eating less fruit than recommended. Similar but less marked differences were noted for vegetable intake. Smokers also obtained a larger part of their total caloric intake from fats.ConclusionsWhile smoking cessation remains the primary target for lung cancer prevention, attention should also be given to dietary interventions in smokers in order to improve their nutrition. Such interventions might also be expected to reduce the risk of other cancers (e.g. colon cancer).
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van der Merwe, Marie, Damien Moore, Jessica Hill, Faith Keating, Richard Bloomer, Randall Buddington, Dale Bowman, and Anyou Wang. "Intestinal Bacteroides Levels are Reduced by a Fruit and Vegetable Juice Concentrate." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 1596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa062_053.
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Abstract Objectives Phytochemicals from fruits and vegetables have the potential to reduce inflammation and improve overall health. This study evaluated the effect of an encapsulated fruit and vegetable juice concentrate (FVC) on the composition and abundances of intestinal microbiota in an overweight/obese, female population and the association with indicators of metabolic health and inflammatory status. Methods The study was performed as a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial with 57 asymptomatic, pre-menopausal, overweight/obese (BMI between 25 and 40 kg/m2) females between 25–50 years of age and working in the healthcare field. Blood and fecal samples were collected before and after eight and sixteen weeks of daily supplementation with FVC. Metabolic and immune parameters were measured, and the gut microbiome was analyzed by sequencing of the V4 region of the 16SrRNA gene. Results The FVC supplementation did not change serum cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides and fasting glucose, or fasting cytokine levels for MCP1, MIP-1β, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-6, and Leptin. Sequencing analysis revealed the most abundant phyla detected at baseline in this population were Firmicutes (75.75 ± 10.59%), Bacteroidetes (15.23 ± 12.5%), with Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia also present. The following genera was most abundant in the study population: Blautia (22 ± 12.86%), Roseburia (8.03 ± 7.34%), Coprococus (5.44 ± 4.0%), Faecalibatcerium (11.12 ± 8.12%) and Bacteroides (10.89 ± 9.56%). FCV supplementation did not result in significant taxonomic changes at the level of phyla, or alter alpha (Shannon Index) or beta diversity (Bray Curtis analysis). However, there was a consistent reduction in overall bacterial abundance in the FVC supplemented group. This reduction was primarily attributed to the decrease in the gram-negative, anaerobic genus, Bacteroides (P = 0.08). Conclusions An encapsulated fruit and vegetable juice concentrate did not alter metabolic or inflammatory indicators in a healthy, overweight/obese female population, but resulted in a reduced abundance of the intestinal bacterial population, Bacteroides. Funding Sources NSA LLC/The Juice Plus+® Company.
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Wang, Dong D., Yanping Li, Shilpa N. Bhupathiraju, Bernard A. Rosner, Qi Sun, Edward L. Giovannucci, Eric B. Rimm, et al. "Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Mortality." Circulation 143, no. 17 (April 27, 2021): 1642–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.120.048996.
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Background: The optimal intake levels of fruit and vegetables for maintaining long-term health are uncertain. Methods: We followed 66 719 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (1984–2014) and 42 016 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986–2014) who were free from cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and diabetes at baseline. Diet was assessed using a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline and updated every 2 to 4 years. We also conducted a dose-response meta-analysis, including results from our 2 cohorts and 24 other prospective cohort studies. Results: We documented 33 898 deaths during the follow-up. After adjustment for known and suspected confounding variables and risk factors, we observed nonlinear inverse associations of fruit and vegetable intake with total mortality and cause-specific mortality attributable to cancer, CVD, and respiratory disease (all P nonlinear <0.001). Intake of ≈5 servings per day of fruit and vegetables, or 2 servings of fruit and 3 servings of vegetables, was associated with the lowest mortality, and above that level, higher intake was not associated with additional risk reduction. In comparison with the reference level (2 servings/d), daily intake of 5 servings of fruit and vegetables was associated with hazard ratios (95% CI) of 0.87 (0.85–0.90) for total mortality, 0.88 (0.83–0.94) for CVD mortality, 0.90 (0.86–0.95) for cancer mortality, and 0.65 (0.59–0.72) for respiratory disease mortality. The dose-response meta-analysis that included 145 015 deaths accrued in 1 892 885 participants yielded similar results (summary risk ratio of mortality for 5 servings/d=0.87 [95% CI, 0.85–0.88]; P nonlinear <0.001). Higher intakes of most subgroups of fruits and vegetables were associated with lower mortality, with the exception of starchy vegetables such as peas and corn. Intakes of fruit juices and potatoes were not associated with total and cause-specific mortality. Conclusions: Higher intakes of fruit and vegetables were associated with lower mortality; the risk reduction plateaued at ≈5 servings of fruit and vegetables per day. These findings support current dietary recommendations to increase intake of fruits and vegetables, but not fruit juices and potatoes.
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Fastring, Danielle, Danielle Nadorff, and Hilary DeShong. "The Influence of Rurality on Fruit and Vegetable Intake and BMI: Findings in Mississippi Are Not Consistent with Those at the National Level." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (May 10, 2021): 5021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18095021.
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Sixty percent of Americans have at least one chronic disease that is both diet-related and preventable. Those living in rural areas often experience a greater burden of disease than those who live near a city center. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of rurality on fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption and BMI. Additionally, the study compares national results to those in Mississippi, a state with an aging population, and high rates of poverty, rurality, poor diet, and obesity. Data utilized were from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. One-way analyses of covariance were performed to determine impact of rurality on nutritional intake and BMI, while controlling for age, income, education, race, and the presence of children in the home. At the national level, rurality had a significant impact on BMI, and the daily intake of fruit juice, fruits, dark green vegetables, French fries, potatoes, other vegetables, and total daily vegetable intake. BMI and nutritional intake of those living in Mississippi was significantly poorer than those living in other states. More research is needed to determine how to best facilitate access to healthy FVs for those living in rural communities.
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Zhu, Wenjie, Fengzhi Lyu, Nenad Naumovski, Said Ajlouni, and Chaminda Senaka Ranadheera. "Functional Efficacy of Probiotic Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis in Apple, Orange and Tomato Juices with Special Reference to Storage Stability and In Vitro Gastrointestinal Survival." Beverages 6, no. 1 (February 25, 2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/beverages6010013.
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There is an increasing demand for non-dairy probiotic carriers such as fruit and vegetable juices. Probiotic Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis is predominantly used in the bakery industry, and its efficacy in fruit juices has not been studied sufficiently. Additionally, support from the carrier matrices for maintaining probiotic viability and gastrointestinal tolerance is important in selecting suitable vehicles for probiotic delivery. Three different non-dairy carrier juices (apple, orange and tomato) were tested for their ability to maintain L. sanfranciscensis viable during four weeks of refrigerated storage (4 °C). Their potential protection of L. sanfranciscensis against in vitro gastrointestinal digestion was also evaluated. Results indicated that the probiotics viability in all three juice samples met the recommended level for probiotic food (>106–107 cfu/mL) at the end of storage. However, all three juice samples showed a comparatively lower protective effect (p < 0.05) on the viability of L. sanfranciscensis when exposed to simulated gastric juice (pH = 2) at the end of 60 min and simulated intestinal juice with 0.3% (w/v) bile salt (pH = 8) at the end of 240 min exposure. In general, the three tested juices can be regarded as the potential non-dairy based carriers for L. sanfranciscensis. The future research is needed to improve the modification of the probiotic carriers in order to prolong the viability of L. sanfranciscensis during the gastrointestinal digestion.
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Krogholm, Kirstine S., Anette Bysted, Anne Lise Brantsæter, Jette Jakobsen, Salka E. Rasmussen, Lis Kristoffersen, and Ulla Toft. "Evaluation of flavonoids and enterolactone in overnight urine as intake biomarkers of fruits, vegetables and beverages in the Inter99 cohort study using the method of triads." British Journal of Nutrition 108, no. 10 (March 27, 2012): 1904–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114512000104.
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Since collection of 24 h urine samples is very time consuming and difficult to obtain, epidemiological studies typically only obtain spot urine samples. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether flavonoids and enterolactone in overnight urine could substitute flavonoids and enterolactone in 24 h urine as an alternative and more feasible biomarker of fruit, vegetable and beverage intake. A total of 191 individuals in the Inter99 cohort in Denmark completed the validation study. Concentrations of nine urinary flavonoid aglycones (quercetin, isorhamnetin, tamarixetin, kaempferol, hesperetin, naringenin, eriodictyol, phloretin and apigenin) and enterolactone were determined in overnight and 24 h urine samples, and their validity as biomarkers of fruit, vegetable and beverage intake was evaluated in relation to two independent reference methods (Inter99 FFQ data and plasma carotenoids) by using the method of triads. The intakes of fruit, juice, vegetables and tea reported in the FFQ were reflected by the flavonoid biomarker both in overnight and 24 h urine samples. Validity coefficients for the flavonoid biomarker in overnight urine ranged from 0·39 to 0·49, while the corresponding validity coefficients for the biomarker in 24 h urine ranged from 0·43 to 0·66. Although the validity coefficients were lower for overnight urine than for the 24 h urine flavonoid biomarker, they were still of acceptable magnitude. In conclusion, the results indicate that flavonoids and enterolactone in overnight urine samples may be used as a more feasible biomarker than 24 h urine for the assessment and validation of fruit, juice, vegetable and tea intakes in epidemiological studies.
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Slavov, A., V. Karagyozov, P. Denev, M. Kratchanova, and C. Kratchanov. "Antioxidant activity of red beet juices obtained after microwave and thermal pretreatments." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 31, No. 2 (April 18, 2013): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/61/2012-cjfs.
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Pressed juices and water extracts from untreated, microwave pretreated, and thermally treated red beet were obtained. The highest total betalain content – 606.34 mg/100 g dry matter (DM) was found in pressed juice obtained after microwave pretreatment. The individual betalains in the pressed juice from untreated red beet were tentatively determined by HPLC. The most abundant betalain pigments were betanin (312.47 mg/100 g DM), vulgaxanthin I (104.08 mg/100 g DM), and isobetanin (71.28 mg/100 g DM). The antioxidant activity of the pressed juices and extracts was determined. The highest antioxidant activity – 10832.4 µmol ТЕ/l was found in the pressed juice obtained from microwave pretreated red beet. The possibility of obtaining mixed fruit-vegetable juices on the basis of red beet juice was investigated. Different variants of mixed beverages using chokeberry, blackberry, blueberry, and black currant were obtained in which the concentration of the red beet pressed juice was 25, 50, and 75%. Their polyphenol contents and antioxidant activity were determined. The highest antioxidant activity revealed mixed pressed juice from red beet and chokeberry.
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Garcia, Cyrielle, Marie Guerin, Kaies Souidi, and Fabienne Remize. "Lactic Fermented Fruit or Vegetable Juices: Past, Present and Future." Beverages 6, no. 1 (February 11, 2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/beverages6010008.
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Numerous traditional low-alcohol fermented beverages produced from fruit or vegetables are described around the world. Fruit and vegetables and lactic fermented products both present nutritional benefits, which give reasons for the recent expansion of non-dairy lactic fermented juices on the market. In addition, fruit and vegetable juices are new carriers for probiotic bacteria. Specific phenotypic traits of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are required so that LAB can effectively grow in fruit or vegetable juices, increase their safety and improve their sensory and nutritional quality. From the diversity of microbiota of spontaneous fermentations, autochthonous starters can be selected, and their higher performance than allochthonous LAB was demonstrated. Achieving long-term storage and constant high quality of these beverages requires additional processing steps, such as heat treatment. Alternatives to conventional treatments are investigated as they can better preserve nutritional properties, extract bioactive compounds and promote the growth and metabolism of LAB. Specific processing approaches were shown to increase probiotic viability of fruit and vegetable juices. More knowledge on the metabolic activity of lactic acid bacterium consortium in fruit or vegetable juices has become a bottleneck for the understanding and the prediction of changes in bioactive compounds for functional beverages development. Hopefully, the recent developments of metabolomics and methods to describe enzymatic machinery can result in the reconstruction of fermentative pathways.