Journal articles: 'FSRU (Floating Storage Regasification Unit)'

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Morimoto, Yuta. "FSRU (Floating Storage & Regasification Unit) - MOL FSRU CHALLENGER." Marine Engineering 56, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.56.92.

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Baskoro, D. H., K. B. Artana, and A. A. B. Dinariyana. "Fire risk assessment on Floating Storage Regasification Unit (FSRU)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 649, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 012067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/649/1/012067.

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Papaleonidas, Christos, Emmanouil Androulakis, and Dimitrios V. Lyridis. "A Simulation-Based Planning Tool for Floating Storage and Regasification Units." Logistics 4, no. 4 (November 30, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/logistics4040031.

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The objective of this paper was to propose a functional simulation model for the operation of floating storage and regasification units (FSRUs) used for the import of liquefied natural gas (LNG). The physical operation of an FSRU is decomposed for each critical component of the LNG carrier (LNGC) and the FSRU, in order to construct a realistic model in Simulink. LNG mass balance equations are used to perform flow calculations from the tanks of an LNG carrier to the tanks of the FSRU and from there to shore. The simulation model produces results for cases, when multiple LNG carriers discharge cargoes during a monthly time horizon. This produces an accurate operational profile for the FSRU with information about the volume of LNG inside each of the cargo tanks of the FSRU, LNG cargo discharging and gas send-out rate. Potential practitioners may exploit the proposed planning tool to explore the feasibility of alternative operation scenarios for an FSRU terminal. The simulations can check the system sensitivity to different parameters and support schedule regarding: (i) slots for LNG carrier calls, (ii) LNG inventory fluctuation, and (iii) impact of gas demand and send-out rate changes.

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Bao, Zhen Hua. "The Application and Trend of the FSRU for LNG Import in China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 843–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.843.

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The liquefied natural gas (LNG) floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) is a kind of LNG receiving terminal forms on the sea. Nowadays, it is the most widely used sea receiving terminal form in the engineering project as it has many advantages. In this paper, the characteristics of the FSRU were discussed based on comparing of the several LNG offshore receiving terminal. The application and trend of the FSRU in China was analyzed. It was found that FSRU is recommended for LNG import in East and South coast of China.

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Yan, L., and Y. Zhou. "Construction and Analysis of LNG Cold Energy Utilization System." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 5 (May 15, 2020): 267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/54/33.

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The theme of this research is the intermediate fluid vaporizer (IFV) gasification system for an offshore liquefied natural gas floating storage regasification unit (LNG-FSRU). Based on reducing the loss of heat exchange and improve the cold energy utilization, an LNG cold energy utilization system combined with Rankine cycle power generation and desalination is proposed. On this basis, six different schemes of working medium combination are simulated and analyzed, and the optimal scheme of working medium combination is found. The results show that the net output power of the system is 5591 kw, and the system exergy efficiency is 30.38%. The annual economic benefit is CNY 39.4 million.

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Jovanović, Filip, Igor Rudan, Srđan Žuškin, and Matthew Sumner. "Comparative analysis of natural gas imports by pipelines and FSRU terminals." Pomorstvo 33, no. 1 (June 28, 2019): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31217/p.33.1.12.

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Natural gas is one of the most sought-after trade commodities in the energy market, mainly due to exploitation of cleaner and sustainable energy sources. The most common transportation method for natural gas imports is either through designated pipelines in its gaseous state or carried in its liquefied state as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) by specialized tankers. The analysis and comparison of natural gas import by pipelines and FSRU (Floating Storage and Regasification Unit) terminals is presented in this paper. Pipeline import is currently the cheapest and most feasible option, but it requires significant infrastructural investments, which can affect imports in countries where production is far from the delivery, so alternatively vessels and import terminals are necessary to ensure natural gas imports and energy supply stability. This paper analyses the technology and current market outlook of both natural gas import methods.

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Amano, Masahiro, and Kenta Takamoto. "High Efficiency and Low NOx type Regas Boiler for Floating Storage & Regasification Unite (FSRU)." Marine Engineering 53, no. 2 (2018): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.53.205.

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Martins, M. R., M. A. Pestana, G. F. M. Souza, and A. M. Schleder. "Quantitative risk analysis of loading and offloading liquefied natural gas (LNG) on a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU)." Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 43 (September 2016): 629–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2016.08.001.

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Susilowati, Endang. "Social Engineering Approach To Manage Social Environmental Dispute Impacted By Development Plan (Case Study Of Floating Storage Regasification Unit/Fsru Development Plan)." Jurnal Sosial Humaniora 12, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.12962/j24433527.v12i2.5349.

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Savickis, J., L. Zemite, L. Jansons, N. Zeltins, I. Bode, A. Ansone, A. Selickis, A. Broks, and A. Koposovs. "Liquefied Natural Gas Infrastructure and Prospects for the Use of LNG in the Baltic States and Finland." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 58, no. 2 (March 30, 2021): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2021-0011.

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Abstract In the early 2010s, only 23 countries had access to the liquefied natural gas (hereinafter – LNG). Import terminals, despite attractive short-term economics, took long time to build, and rigid supply contracts made truly global use of LNG rather complicated. Concerns about geo-political risks also stunted demand growth from existing supply sources, even when new LNG export routes and sources became available. Current natural gas market is very different, both in terms of market participants and accessibility and diversity of services. In 2019, the number of LNG importing countries reached 43. Rising competition among suppliers and increasing liquidity of markets themselves created favourable conditions to diversify contract duration, size, and flexibility. In addition, development of floating storage and regasification unit (hereinafter – FSRU) technology provided LNG suppliers with a quick response option to sudden demand fluctuations in regional and local natural gas markets [1]. Moreover, LNG is one of the major options not only for bringing the natural gas to regions where its pipeline supply infrastructure is historically absent, limited or underdeveloped, but also for diversification of the natural gas supply routes and sources in regions with sufficient state of pipeline delivery possibilities. And it concerns smaller natural gas markets, like the Baltic States and Finland as well. Accordingly, prospects for use of LNG there in both mid and long-term perspective must be carefully evaluated, especially in regards to emerging bunkering business in the Baltic Sea aquatory and energy transition in Finland, replacing coal base-load generation with other, more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives.

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Feder, Judy. "JIP Drives New Ways of Managing Integrity of Floating Oil and Gas Assets." Journal of Petroleum Technology 73, no. 04 (April 1, 2021): 37–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0421-0037-jpt.

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Judy Feder, contains highlights of paper OTC 30425, “Innovative Asset-Integrity Management To Drive Operational Effectiveness,” by Danny Constantinis and Peter Davies, EM&I, prepared for the 2020 Offshore Technology Conference Asia, originally scheduled to be held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 17–19 August. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2020 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission. While the focus on the growing floating gas industry is firmly on output, the industry needs to ensure safety, compliance, and profitability of high-value, complex, floating gas assets, some of which operate close to high population densities. Effective asset-integrity programs are a key part of such an effort, and it is widely agreed that better use of data and robotics will help reduce unnecessary work and human risk. The complete paper describes a joint industry approach for addressing asset-integrity management challenges that has proved successful for floating production, storage, and offloading vessels (FPSOs). Introduction Managing the integrity of offshore, near-shore, and berthed floating oil and gas assets faces numerous challenges, including the following: - Long service lives - The need to cut operating costs - Varying asset-integrity requirements of marine and process equipment - Growing global demand for gas - Increasing requirement to drive down carbon emissions - The need for enhanced sustainability Traditional cost-reduction strategies of prior lean market periods are no longer accepted by the industry, which the authors say needs to implement permanent cost reductions, increased sustainability and efficiency, and improved safety. These can be achieved only by new ways of managing asset integrity, targeted at consistent low price and efficiencies and developed, supported, and accepted by all sectors of the industry. Role of the Joint Industry Project (JIP) The Hull Inspection Techniques and Strategy (HITS) JIP has encouraged such innovations. The complete paper describes new methods facilitated by HITS that include diverless inspections of hulls and mooring systems and remote, unmanned methods of inspecting confined spaces such as cargo and water ballast tanks. Organizations such as the HITS JIP, whose membership includes oil majors, service providers, classification societies, and regulators, and the FPSO Research Forum, of which HITS is a part, have helped define the direction for improvements in inspecting, maintaining, and repairing floating production assets. These organizations have encouraged the development of new technologies that have improved safety and reduced operational costs. According to the paper’s authors, this direction has also shaped the drilling sector, can do the same for floating liquified natural gas (FLNG) and floating storage and regasification units (FSRU), and could potentially expand into floating renewable-energy-production assets. These and similar concepts are now being taken forward in a floating gas (FloGas) JIP.

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Sagau, Mihai, Mariana Panaitescu, Fanel-Viorel Panaitescu, and Scupi Alexandru-Andrei. "A New Consideration About Floating Storage and Regasification Unit for Liquid Natural Gas." International Journal of Energy and Environment 15 (March 24, 2021): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/91012.2021.15.8.

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In this paper we want to present the details of new project about floating liquid natural gas (LNG) regasification terminal based on conversion of an existing LNG carrier . LNG is sent from the tanks to the regasification skid fwd. The regasification skid essentially comprises booster pumps and vaporizers This project can boost both transport and economy sector of Central European countries by introducing a less expensive fuel, more environmental friendly and with a good perspective in the future. The project consists in building a LNG import terminal in Constanta, harbor from where the merchandise (LNG in this situation) can easily be delivered on Danube’s basin and reach central European countries.

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Wood, David A., and Maksym Kulitsa. "A review: Optimizing performance of Floating Storage and Regasification Units (FSRU) by applying advanced LNG tank pressure management strategies." International Journal of Energy Research 42, no. 4 (September 15, 2017): 1391–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.3883.

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Koska-Legiec, Aleksandra. "What is the Real Issue with Floating Storage and Regasification Units? Regulations Related to the FSRU Implementation Process in the Baltic Sea." TransNav, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation 12, no. 3 (2018): 499–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.12716/1001.12.03.08.

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Zhang, Gang, Boyang Li, Xiaorong Zhang, and Qingguo Wang. "Design and Simulation Analysis of Cold Energy Utilization System of LNG Floating Storage Regasification Unit." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 300 (August 9, 2019): 022117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/300/2/022117.

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Rosa, Paloma Amorim da Cruz. "The feasibility of performing the importation of floating storage regasification units: fsru through the application of the special temporary admission regime and customs warehouse regime." Rio Oil and Gas Expo and Conference 20, no. 2020 (December 1, 2020): 320–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.48072/2525-7579.rog.2020.320.

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Xu, Likang, and Guihua Lin. "Simulation and optimization of liquefied natural gas cold energy power generation system on floating storage and regasification unit." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2020): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci200404205x.

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In this paper, based on the idea of reducing heat exchanger exergy destruction and increasing turbine work, a new three-stage cascade Rankine system and a new four-stage cascade Rankine system is proposed to improve the cold energy utilization rate during liquefied natural gas(LNG) gasification on liquefied natural gas-floating storage and regasification unit. Then compare them with the original cascade Rankine cycle established under the same conditions. The results show that under the condition of 175 t/h LNG flow, the maximum net output power of the new three-stage cascade Rankine cycle system is 4593.31 kW, the exergy efficiency is 20.644%. The maximum net output power of the new four-stage cascade Rankine cycle system is 5013.93 kW, and the exergy efficiency is 22.509%. Compared with the original cascade Rankine cycle system, the maximum net output power of the new three-stage cascade Rankine cycle system and the new four-stage cascade Rankine cycle system is increased by 9.41% and 11.45%, respectively, and the system exergy efficiency is increased by 9.29% and 11.28%, respectively.

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Martins, Marcelo Ramos, Adriana Miralles Schleder, and Enrique López Droguett. "A Methodology for Risk Analysis Based on Hybrid Bayesian Networks: Application to the Regasification System of Liquefied Natural Gas Onboard a Floating Storage and Regasification Unit." Risk Analysis 34, no. 12 (July 14, 2014): 2098–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/risa.12245.

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Lin, Yan, Chao Ye, Yan-yun Yu, and Shi-wei Bi. "An approach to estimating the boil-off rate of LNG in type C independent tank for floating storage and regasification unit under different filling ratio." Applied Thermal Engineering 135 (May 2018): 463–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.02.066.

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Yao, Shouguang, Likang Xu, and Liang Tang. "New cold-level utilization scheme for cascade three-level rankine cycle using the cold energy of liquefied natural gas." Thermal Science 23, no. 6 Part B (2019): 3865–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci171012239y.

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The topic of this study is the intermediate fluid vaporizer gasification system for a liquefied natural gas floating storage regasification unit. To reduce the loss of heat exchange, the primary distributary cascade three-level Rankine cycle is optimised based on the cascade three-level Rankine cycle that uses the cold energy of liquefied natural gas to generate power. The optimized primary distributary cascade three-level Rankine cycle is then compared with the original cascade three Rankine cycle established under the same conditions. Then, a secondary distributary cascade three-level Rankine cycle is proposed. Results show that under a liquefied natural gas flow of 175 t/h, the primary distributary cascade three-level Rankine cycle system exhibits a maximum net output power of 4130.72 kW and an exergy efficiency of 23.78%, which is higher than that of the typical cascade three-level Rankine cycle. Moreover, the net output power and exergy efficiency of the primary distributary cascade three-level Rankine cycle system increased by 3.71% and by 3.84%, respectively. The secondary distributary cascade three-level Rankine cycle system exhibits a maximum net output power of 4143.75 kW and an exergy efficiency of 23.85%.

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Wood, David A., and Maksym Kulitsa. "Weathering/Ageing of Liquefied Natural Gas Cargoes During Marine Transport and Processing on Floating Storage Units and FSRU." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 140, no. 10 (May 8, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4039981.

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The phenomenon of liquefied natural gas (LNG) cargo weathering is considered in terms of the conditions influencing boil-off gas (BOG) rates during the offshore movements and handling of LNG on marine LNG carriers (LNGC), floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU), and floating storage units (FSU). The range of compositions (grades) of commercially traded LNG is significantly broader than the range of compositional changes caused by typical storage times for offshore LNG cargoes. The different nitrogen and natural gas–liquid concentrations of LNG cargoes (i.e., ethane and heavier C2+ components) significantly influence the impacts of weathering and ultimately determine whether the LNG delivered to customers is within sales specifications or not. The BOG from LNG in storage is richer in methane and nitrogen; if nitrogen is present in the LNG, otherwise just richer in methane, than the LNG from which it is derived. This leads to the LNG becoming richer in the C2+ components as ageing progresses. LNG weathering is shown not to play a significant role in the rollover phenomenon of LNG moved and stored offshore, because nitrogen contents are low (typically < 1.0%) and auto-stratification is rarely an issue. LNG stored for long periods on FSU (greater than 8 weeks, or so) experiences significant weathering effects, but most LNG processed by FSRU (and most FSU) has a residence time of less than 30 days or so, in which case weathering has only minor operational impacts. Weathering rates and LNG compositional changes on FSRU for different LNG grades are provided.

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Amjad, Dr Shahid, and Moinuddin Ali Khan. "Marine Ecological Assessment for LNG Terminal at Port Qasim." Pakistan Journal of Engineering, Technology & Science 1, no. 2 (September 14, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.22555/pjets.v1i2.165.

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Multinational companies intend to develop a Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) terminal with floating storage and regasification arrangement (FSRA) in the jurisdiction of Port Qasim. Approximately 500 MMSCFD or 3.5 million tons per annum of LNG would be transferred through a mooring arrangement, which would require marine works/structures such as a berth for docking and mooring of LNG Carriers and Floating Ship Regasification Arrangement (FSRA) i.e., unloading, storage and vapor recovery and return unit and pipelines to the delivery point for transport to off-takers. The FSRA will deliver the re-gasified liquefied natural gas (RLNG) via jetty and onshore associated facilities to the gas network operated by the in-country transmission pipeline providers SSGCL and SNGPL. The approach channel of Port Qasim is associated with Gharo Phitti Creek System consists of three creeks: Gharo Creek, Kadiro Creek and Phitti Creek has tidal creeks and are with associated mangrove and mudflats ecosystems that are linked with a network of creeks in the Indus Delta. Dredging will be required to create the berthing and the turning basin of diameter 400 to 700 m with a depth of -13.5 m below chart datum (CD). Approximate dredged material would be upto 5.5 Million cubic meters. The dredged material will be utilized for the reclamation and to construct shore protection structure. Land Area of 75-100 acres with water front of 1000 m has been allocated in the PQA for this project. This would be the first time that LNG terminals are being set up in PQA.

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Kim, Young Woo, Dong Jin Oh, Jae Myung Lee, Byeong Jae Noh, Hee Joon Sung, Ryuichi Ando, Toshiyuki Matsumoto, and Myung Hyun Kim. "An Experimental Study for Fatigue Performance of 7% Nickel Steels for Type B Liquefied Natural Gas Carriers." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 138, no. 3 (April 1, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4032706.

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Structural safety is one of the most important issues associated with liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage systems, such as LNG carriers, LNG Floating Production Storage Offloading (FPSO), and Floating Storage Regasification Unit (FSRU). One of the most common materials for the LNG storage systems has been 9% nickel steel over the last 50 years as it has excellent mechanical properties under cryogenic temperature. Recently, there have been efforts for lowering the nickel content due to the increased nickel price as well as the high price of nickel based welding consumables. In this respect, 7% nickel steels are recently developed for reducing the associated costs mainly for cryogenic applications. The newly developed 7% nickel steels are known to have improved toughness comparable to that of 9% nickel steels by thermomechanical control process (TMCP) and micro-alloying technology. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the fatigue performance of 7% nickel steels with a special attention to type B LNG carrier applications. Cyclic fatigue and fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) tests for 7% nickel steels were conducted at room and cryogenic temperatures. Fatigue tests were carried out with three different types of specimens such as base metal, butt weld, and fillet weld to characterize the fatigue properties at various locations. In addition, FCGR tests were carried out using compact tension (C(T)) specimens. The difference of FCGR characteristics among base, weld, and heat affected zone (HAZ) is investigated. The fatigue and FCGR test results of 7% nickel steels are evaluated and compared with reference data of 9% nickel steel. Based on this study, it is observed that the 7% nickel steel exhibits similar fatigue performance in comparison with that of 9% nickel steel.

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Journal articles on the topic 'FSRU (Floating Storage Regasification Unit)'

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