Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fuel cells. Airplanes Fuel systems

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Fuel cells. Airplanes Fuel systems'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Fuel cells. Airplanes Fuel systems"

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Li, Xiao Gang, Zhou Zhou, Ke Qiang Cao, Chao Xia, and Na Li. "Design of Integrative Testing System for Enclosures in Fuel System of Airplanes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 719-720 (January 2015): 258–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.719-720.258.

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In order to start performance testing and experimental research for enclosure of airplanes’ fuel systems, a type of integrative testing system is designed in this paper. This system can accomplish function and performance tests for enclosures in airplanes’ fuel system, and also can execute troubleshooting experiments.
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Jurecka, Radek, and Karol Bencalik. "AIRPLANES WITH AN ELECTRIC MOTOR." Aviation 16, no. 3 (October 2, 2012): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16487788.2012.732304.

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With the decreasing supply of fossil fuel, we can see more and more attempts to substitute combustion engines with other sources of propulsion. This article deals with the possibility of using alternative sources of energy in aviation. Namely, it describes the possibilities of the advantages and disadvantages of using hydrogen fuel cells in aviation.
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San Martín, J. I., I. Zamora, J. J. San Martín, V. Aperribay, and P. Eguía. "Trigeneration systems with fuel cells." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 1, no. 06 (March 2008): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj06.245.

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Pratt, Joseph W., Leonard E. Klebanoff, Karina Munoz-Ramos, Abbas A. Akhil, Dita B. Curgus, and Benjamin L. Schenkman. "Proton exchange membrane fuel cells for electrical power generation on-board commercial airplanes." Applied Energy 101 (January 2013): 776–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.08.003.

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Geiß, Ingmar, and Rudolf Voit-Nitschmann. "Sizing of fuel-based energy systems for electric aircraft." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 231, no. 12 (August 4, 2017): 2295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410017721254.

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Optimized electric motors are lighter and smaller than conventional piston engines. As a result, new airplane configurations are feasible as motors can be placed in unconventional positions. Through careful aircraft design higher aerodynamic efficiencies of airframe, propeller, and propeller integration can be achieved. The energy density of current batteries, however, still limits strongly the range of purely battery powered aircraft. But if the energy is stored in liquid fuel and converted by a generator into electric energy, then the advantages of electric propelled airplanes and conventional combustion engines can be combined. But which combustion engine is optimal for such a serial-hybrid electric aircraft? In this new propulsion chain, other boundary conditions apply to the combustion engine than in conventional aircraft designs. These boundary conditions interact with the characteristics of combustion engines. An example for an engine characteristic is that different kinds of piston engines exist. It can be observed that technologies, which result in lighter piston engines, are associated with lower efficiencies and vice versa. In this paper it will be shown through considerations on aircraft level, that the optimal combustion engine for an electric-hybrid airplane should be heavier and more efficient than the optimal combustion engine for a conventional aircraft.
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Hernández, S., L. Solarino, G. Orsello, N. Russo, D. Fino, G. Saracco, and V. Specchia. "Desulfurization processes for fuel cells systems." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 33, no. 12 (June 2008): 3209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.01.047.

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Ramos-Paja, C. A., C. Bordons, A. Romero, R. Giral, and L. Martinez-Salamero. "Minimum Fuel Consumption Strategy for PEM Fuel Cells." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 56, no. 3 (March 2009): 685–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2008.2007993.

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Rasmussen, M., R. D. Milton, D. P. Hickey, R. C. Reid, and S. D. Minteer. "(Invited) From PEM Fuel Cell Design to Biological Fuel Cells: The Status of Systems Development for Biological Fuel Cells." ECS Transactions 64, no. 3 (August 18, 2014): 881–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/06403.0881ecst.

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Gauckler, Ludwig J., Daniel Beckel, Brandon E. Buergler, Eva Jud, Ulrich P. Muecke, Michel Prestat, Jennifer L. M. Rupp, and Jörg Richter. "Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Systems and Materials." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 58, no. 12 (December 1, 2004): 837–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/000942904777677047.

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Williams, M. C. "Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Fundamentals to Systems." Fuel Cells 7, no. 1 (February 2007): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fuce.200500219.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fuel cells. Airplanes Fuel systems"

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Bradley, Thomas Heenan. "Modeling, design and energy management of fuel cell systems for aircraft." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26592.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Parekh, David; Committee Member: Fuller, Thomas; Committee Member: Joshi, Yogendra; Committee Member: Mavris, Dimitri; Committee Member: Wepfer, William. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Saxe, Maria. "Bringing fuel cells to reality and reality to fuel cells : A systems perspective on the use of fuel cells." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Energiprocesser, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-9192.

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With growing awareness of global warming and fear of political instability caused by oil depletion, the need for a society with a sustainable energy system has been brought to the fore. A promising technology often mentioned as a key component in such a system is the fuel cell technology, i.e. the energy conversion technology in focus in this thesis. The hopes and expectations on fuel cells are high and sometimes unrealistically positive. However, as an emerging technology, much remains to be proven and the proper use of the technology in terms of suitable applications, integration with society and extent of use is still under debate. This thesis is a contribution to the debate, presenting results from two fuel cell demonstration projects, looking into the introduction of fuel cells on the market, discussing the prospects and concerns for the near-term future and commenting on the potential use in a future sustainable energy system. Bringing fuel cells to reality implies finding near-term niche applications and markets where fuel cell systems may be competitive. In a sense fuel cells are already a reality as they have been demonstrated in various applications world-wide. However, in many of the envisioned applications fuel cells are far from being competitive and sometimes also the environmental benefit of using fuel cells in a given application may be questioned. Bringing reality to fuel cells implies emphasising the need for realistic expectations and pointing out that the first markets have to be based on the currently available technology and not the visions of what fuel cells could be in the future. The results from the demonstration projects show that further development and research on especially the durability for fuel cell systems is crucial and a general recommendation is to design the systems for high reliability and durability rather than striving towards higher energy efficiencies. When reliability and durability are achieved fuel cell systems may be introduced in niche markets where the added values presented by the technology compensate for the initial high cost.
QC 20100909
Energy Systems Programme
Clean Urban Transport for Europe
GlashusEtt
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Hedström, Lars. "Fuel Cells and Biogas." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Energiprocesser, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-13219.

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This thesis concerns biogas-operated fuel cells. Fuel cell technology may contribute to more efficient energy use, reduce emissions and also perhaps revolutionize current energy systems. The technology is, however, still immature and has not yet been implemented as dominant in any application or niche market. Research and development is currently being carried out to investigate whether fuel cells can live up to their full potential and to further advance the technology. The research of thesis contributes by exploring the potential of using fuel cells as energy converters of biogas to electricity. The work includes results from four different experimental test facilities and concerns experiments performed at cell, stack and fuel cell system levels. The studies on cell and stack level have focused on the influence of CO, CO2 and air bleed on the current distribution during transient operation. The dynamic response has been evaluated on a single cell, a segmented cell and at stack level. Two fuel cell systems, a 4 kW PEFC system and a 5 kW SOFC system have been operated on upgraded biogas. A significant outcome is that the possibility of operating both PEFCs and SOFCs on biogas has been established. No interruptions or rapid performance loss could be associated with the upgraded biogas during operation. From the studies at cell and stack level, it is clear that CO causes significant changes in the current distribution in a PEFC; air bleed may recover the uneven current distribution and also the drop in cell voltage due to CO and CO2 poisoning. The recovery of cell performance during air bleed occurs evenly over the electrode surface even when the O2 partial pressure is far too low to fully recover the CO poisoning. The O2 supplied to the anode reacts on the anode catalyst and no O2 was measured at the cell outlet for air bleed levels up to 5 %. Reformed biogas and other gases with high CO2 content are thus, from dilution and CO-poisoning perspectives, suitable for PEFC systems. The present work has enhanced our understanding of biogas-operated fuel cells and will serve as basis for future studies.
QC20100708
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Shaffer, Christian Edward. "Flow system modeling with applications to fuel cell systems." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4198.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2005.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 111 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-102).
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Nilsson, Marita. "Hydrogen Generation for Fuel Cells in Auxiliary Power Systems." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Kemiteknik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-10024.

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Heavy-duty trucks are in idle operation during long periods of time, providing the vehicles with electricity via the alternator at standstill. Idling trucks contribute to large amounts of emissions and high fuel consumption as a result of the low efficiency from fuel to electricity. Auxiliary power units, which operate independently of the main engine, are promising alternatives for supplying trucks with electricity. Fuel cell-based auxiliary power units could offer high efficiencies and low noise. The hydrogen required for the fuel cell could be generated in an onboard fuel reformer using the existing truck fuel. The work presented in this thesis concerns hydrogen generation from transportation fuels by autothermal reforming focusing on the application of fuel cell auxiliary power units. Diesel and dimethyl ether have been the fuels of main focus. The work includes reactor design aspects, preparation and testing of reforming catalysts including characterization studies and evaluation of operating conditions. The thesis is a summary of five scientific papers. Major issues for succeeding with diesel reforming are fuel injection, reactant mixing and achieving fuel cell quality reformate. The results obtained in this work contribute to the continued research and development of diesel reforming catalysts and processes. A diesel reformer, designed to generate hydrogen to feed a 5 kWe polymer electrolyte fuel cell has been evaluated for autothermal reforming of commercial diesel fuel. The operational results show the feasibility of the design to generate hydrogen-rich gases from complex diesel fuel mixtures and have, together with CFD calculations, been supportive in the development of a new improved reformer design. In addition to diesel, the reforming reactor design was shown to run satisfactorily with other hydrocarbon mixtures, such as gasoline and E85. Rh-based catalysts were used in the studies and exhibit high performance during diesel reforming without coke formation on the catalyst surface. An interesting finding is that the addition of Mn to Rh catalysts appears to improve activity during diesel reforming. Therefore, Mn could be considered to be used to decrease the noble metal loading, and thereby the cost, of diesel reforming catalysts. Dimethyl ether is a potential diesel fuel alternative and has lately been considered as hydrogen carrier for fuel cells in truck auxiliary power units. The studies related to dimethyl ether have been focused on the evaluation of Pd-based catalysts and the influence of operating parameters for autothermal reforming. PdZn-based catalysts were found to be very promising for DME reforming, generating product gases with high selectivity to hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The high product selectivity is correlated to PdZn interactions, leading to decreased activity of decomposition reactions. Auxiliary power systems fueled with DME could, therefore, make possible fuel processors with very low complexity compared to diesel-fueled systems. The work presented in this thesis has enhanced our understanding of diesel and DME reforming and will serve as basis for future studies.
QC 20100804
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McCahey, Sharon. "The integration of fuel cells into power generation systems." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284835.

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Moore, Christopher Wayne. "Microfabricated Fuel Cells To Power Integrated Circuits." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7106.

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Microfabricated fuel cells have been designed and constructed on silicon integrated circuit wafers using many processes common in integrated circuit fabrication, including sputtering, polymer spin coating, reactive ion etching, and photolithography. Fuel delivery microchannels were made through the use of sacrificial polymers. The characteristics of different sacrificial polymers were studied to find the most suitable for this work. A polypropylene carbonate solution containing a photo-acid generator could be directly patterned with ultraviolet exposure and thermal decomposition. The material that would serve as the fuel cells proton exchange membrane (PEM) encapsulated the microchannels. Silicon dioxide deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) at relatively low temperatures exhibited material properties that made it suitable as a thin-film PEM in these devices. By adding phosphorous to the silicon dioxide recipe during deposition, a phosphosilicate glass was formed that had an increased ionic conductivity. Various polymers were tested for use as the PEM or in combination with oxide to form a composite PEM. While it did not work well alone, using Nafion on top of the glass layer to form a dual-layer PEM greatly enhanced the fuel cell performance, including yield and long-term reliability. Platinum and platinum/ruthenium catalyst layers were sputter deposited. Experiments were performed to find a range of thicknesses that resulted in porous layers allowing contact between reactants, catalyst, and the PEM. When using the deposited glasses, multiple layers of catalyst could be deposited between thin layers of the electrolyte, resulting in higher catalyst loading while maintaining porosity. The current and power output were greatly improved with these additional catalyst layers.
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Jones, James D. "A study of active control techniques for noise reduction in an aircraft fuselage model." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77809.

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A simplified cylindrical model is used to investigate the elementary mechanisms of control of sound transmission into aircraft cabins by two active control techniques: propeller synchrophasing and active vibration control. Propeller synchrophasing involves controlling the relative rotational phase of the engines to achieve maximum cabin noise reduction. Active vibration control involves structurally controlling the vibrational response of the cabin wall to reduce the important modes which transmit their energy into the cabin. Noise reductions for harmonic excitation at acoustic cavity resonance are shown to be in excess of 20 dB throughout most of the cavity whether synchrophasing or active vibration control is used. Off-resonance reductions are substantially less due to increased modal density requiring a larger number of actuators for effective control of the complex sound field. Additional studies were performed using synchrophasing in conjunction with active vibration control to study their joint capabilities in controlling complex sound fields. The dual control system displayed improved control performance with noise reductions on the order of 25-35 dB and a more uniform sound field. Also, the complementary control characteristics of the system clearly demonstrated effective control of orthogonal acoustic modes of the cavity. However, the improved effectiveness of the control system was dependent upon judiciously positioning the actuators for optimal control of the sound field. An independent study was performed to identify the effects of a complex geometry on sound transmission into an aircraft fuselage model interior. For this study, a geometrically scaled cabin floor was installed in the unstiffened test cylinder to investigate the structural and acoustic influence of the simulated cabin floor. Results indicated that the stiffening of the cylindrical model associated with insertion of the floor strongly influenced the structural response of the cylinder but generally had little effect on the coupled pressure response. Conversely, the modification of the interior acoustic cavity tended to have little influence on the cylinder response but substantially reduced the coupled pressure response. Thus, this investigation identified the fundamental mechanisms of control of sound transmission into simplified models of aircraft fuselages by active control techniques.
Ph. D.
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Kroll, Douglas M. (Douglas Michael). "Using polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells in a hybrid surface ship propulsion plant to increase fuel efficiency." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61909.

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Thesis (Nav. E.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; and, (S.M. in Engineering and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 59).
An increasingly mobile US Navy surface fleet and oil price uncertainty contrast with the Navy's desire to lower the amount of money spent purchasing fuel. Operational restrictions limiting fuel use are temporary and cannot be dependably relied upon. Long term technical research toward improving fuel efficiency is ongoing and includes advanced gas turbines and integrated electric propulsion plants, but these will not be implemented fleet wide in the near future. The focus of this research is to determine if a hybrid fuel cell and gas turbine propulsion plant outweigh the potential ship design disadvantages of physically implementing the system. Based on the potential fuel savings available, the impact on surface ship architecture will be determined by modeling the hybrid fuel cell powered ship and conducting a side by side comparison to one traditionally powered. Another concern that this solution addresses is the trend in the commercial shipping industry of designing more cleanly running propulsion plants.
Douglas M. Kroll.
S.M.in Engineering and Management
Nav.E.
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Blanchard, Tina-Louise. "A Systems Engineering Reference Model for Fuel Cell Power Systems Development." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1322713336.

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Books on the topic "Fuel cells. Airplanes Fuel systems"

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Andrew, Dicks, ed. Fuel cell systems explained. 2nd ed. Chichester, West Sussex: J. Wiley, 2003.

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Andrew, Dicks, ed. Fuel cell systems explained. 2nd ed. Chichester: John Wiley, 2003.

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Methanol fuel cell systems: Advancing towards commercialization. Singapore: Pan Stanford, 2011.

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Stolten, Detlef, and Bernd Emonts. Fuel cells science and engineering: Materials, processes, systems and technology. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH, 2012.

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Basualdo, Marta S., Diego Feroldi, and Rachid Outbib, eds. PEM Fuel Cells with Bio-Ethanol Processor Systems. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-184-4.

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Ferrari, Mario L., Usman M. Damo, Ali Turan, and David Sánchez. Hybrid Systems Based on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119039044.

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Morey, Bruce. Future automotive fuels and energy. Warrendale, Pennsylvania: SAE International, 2013.

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Ziaka, Zoe D. Membrane reactors for fuel cells and environmental energy systems. Indianapolis, USA: Xlibris Corp, 2010.

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FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION. Protection of airplane fuel systems against fuel vapor ignition due to lightning. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, 1985.

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McCahey, Sharon. The integration of fuel cells into power generation systems. [S.l: The Author], 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fuel cells. Airplanes Fuel systems"

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Elter, John F. "Polymer Electrolyte (PE) Fuel Cell Systems." In Fuel Cells, 433–72. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5785-5_14.

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Larminie, James, and Andrew Dicks. "Fuelling Fuel Cells." In Fuel Cell Systems Explained, 229–308. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118878330.ch8.

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Barendrecht, Embrecht. "Electrochemistry of Fuel Cells." In Fuel Cell Systems, 73–119. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2424-7_4.

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Larminie, James, and Andrew Dicks. "Alkaline Electrolyte Fuel Cells." In Fuel Cell Systems Explained, 121–39. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118878330.ch5.

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Larminie, James, and Andrew Dicks. "Direct Methanol Fuel Cells." In Fuel Cell Systems Explained, 141–61. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118878330.ch6.

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Zini, Gabriele, and Paolo Tartarini. "Electrolysis and Fuel Cells." In Solar Hydrogen Energy Systems, 29–52. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1998-0_3.

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Peters, Ralf. "Fuel Processing for Utilization in Fuel Cells." In Hydrogen Science and Engineering : Materials, Processes, Systems and Technology, 173–216. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527674268.ch09.

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Tong, Colin. "Hydrogen and Fuel Cells." In Introduction to Materials for Advanced Energy Systems, 587–653. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98002-7_9.

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Pilatowsky, I., R. J. Romero, C. A. Isaza, S. A. Gamboa, P. J. Sebastian, and W. Rivera. "Thermodynamics of Fuel Cells." In Cogeneration Fuel Cell-Sorption Air Conditioning Systems, 25–36. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-028-1_2.

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Müller, Martin. "Fuel Cell Forklift Systems." In Fuel Cells : Data, Facts and Figures, 321–33. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527693924.ch32.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fuel cells. Airplanes Fuel systems"

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Novillo, Eva, Mo´nica Pardo, and Alberto Garci´a-Luis. "Novel Approaches for the Integration of High Temperature PEM Fuel Cells Into Aircrafts." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33090.

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Reduced greenhouse gas emissions via improved energy efficiency represents the ultimate challenge for the energy economy of the future. In this context, fuel cells for power generation aboard aircrafts have a promising potential to effectively contribute to the greening of air transportation. They can simplify today’s aircraft comprising electric, pneumatic and hydraulic systems towards a more electric airplane. Although they are not considered in the short term as an alternative propulsion system for commercial aviation, many efforts are being devoted to their use as auxiliary power units and even aiming to build a distributed power network that might alleviate duties of the engine driven generators. In addition they allow new functions as zero emission during taxiing on ground and /or increase safety by replacing the emergency ram air turbine (RAT) by a fuel cell based emergency power generator. The present paper focuses on the effort that Compan˜i´a Espan˜ola de Sistemas Aerona´uticos (CESA) is putting into the development of an aeronautical fuel cell system based on a high temperature PEMFC covering all aspects from fundamental research in materials & processes to final integration concepts as a function of different architectures. A great deal of time and effort has been invested to overcome the challenges of PEM fuel cell operation at high temperatures. Among the advantages of these systems are the enhancement of electrochemical kinetics, simplification of water management and cooling, recovery of wasted heat and the possibility of utilizing reformed hydrogen thanks to higher tolerance to impurities. However, new problems arise with the high temperature concept that must be addressed like structural and chemical degradation of materials at elevated temperatures. One of the aeronautical applications where a fuel cell has an important role to play in the short term is the emergency power unit. Weight and mechanical complexity of traditional ram air turbines could be drastically reduced by the introduction of a hydrogen fueled system. In addition, the output of the fuel cell is aircraft’s speed independent. This means additional power supply in case of emergency allowing a safer landing of the aircraft. However, a RAT replacement must overcome the specific difficulties concerning the very short start-up times allowed and the heating/cooling strategies to quickly raise the temperature to elevated levels and accurately maintaining the optimum operating range once in service.
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Gallagher, Tanya M., Constantin Ciocanel, and Cindy Browder. "Structural Load Bearing Supercapacitors Using a PEGDGE Based Solid Polymer Electrolyte Matrix." In ASME 2011 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2011-5113.

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The interest in developing multifunctional materials has greatly increased in the last decade. Power storage composites are just one class of multifunctional materials that has the potential to lead to significant size and weight reduction. Many electronic devices (i.e. laptops, cellphones, iPods, etc.) and mechanical systems that require or generate electrical power during operation (i.e., hybrid or fully electric cars, wind turbines, airplanes, etc.) could benefit substantially from these materials. While several types of power storage structural composites have been developed to date, i.e. composite batteries and fuel cells, structural load bearing super- and ultra-capacitors appear to be the most promising ones. To date, two classes of structural capacitors have been explored: dielectric and solid electrolyte capacitors; the former are suitable for applications where very high voltage bursts of electrical energy are needed, while the latter are suitable for applications where lower voltage levels are required (i.e. more general power storage/delivery applications). This paper describes the efforts made to develop and characterize electro-mechanically structural supercapacitors. The load-bearing supercapacitors discussed here have been made with carbon fiber weave electrodes and separators of various materials, glued together with a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) matrix. Electrochemical characterization reported specific capacitances as high as 2.9μF/mm3 and energy densities as high as 4.9 kJ/g.
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Breit, Joe, and Joanna Szydlo-Moore. "Fuel Cells for Commercial Transport Airplanes - Needs and Opportunities." In 45th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2007-1390.

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Uhlár, Erik, and Jozef Čerňan. "System optimization demonstrator for aircraft propulsion technology using fuel cells." In Práce a štúdie. University of Žilina, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/pas.z.2021.1.29.

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In order to help accelerate transition to sustainable and eco-friendly personal transportation in a single engine piston aircraft category we’ve developed a simulation software platform of hydrogen powered aircraft for further research and development. Measurements were carried out on a real reference airplane Cessna 172 R and were crosschecked with an airplane flight manual as well as a computer flight simulation. We also focused on a software-based safety and economy optimization by components usage ratio improvement and inflight energy production and transfer limitations.
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Ghotkar, Rhushikesh, and Ryan J. Milcarek. "Integration of Flame-Assisted Fuel Cells With a Gas Turbine Running Jet-A As Fuel." In ASME 2019 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2019-1852.

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Abstract In recent years, the aircraft industry is heading towards the concept of the More Electric Airplane (MEA). Previous research has investigated the possibility of integrating Dual Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (DC-SOFC) with the auxiliary power unit (APU) of the aircraft. This paper evaluates the merits of integrating the recently proposed Flame-assisted Fuel Cells (FFCs) with the APU gas turbine system. The syngas composition for fuel-rich combustion is studied using chemical equilibrium analysis of Jet-A/air at 8 Bar and 1073 K. The results show the potential for reforming Jet-A fuel to 22% Carbon Monoxide and 18% Hydrogen in the exhaust at an equivalence ratio of 2.4. The paper also reports how the efficiency of power generation changes when FFCs are placed in the combustor of a turbine in the APU. The maximum theoretical electrical efficiency of the FFC/combustor and the area and weight of the fuel cell required to generate the design power is calculated. The FFC offers a viable substitute for the DC-SOFC to be integrated with the APU.
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Jain, Samarth, Soumya Roy, Abhishek Aggarwal, Dhruv Gupta, Vasu Kumar, and Naveen Kumar. "Study on the Parameters Influencing Efficiency of Micro-Gas Turbines: A Review." In ASME 2015 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2015-49417.

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The art and science of gas turbine has traditionally seen a gradual and continuous change over the past few decades. Gas turbines are classified into impulse and reaction types and further into turbojet, turbofan, turboprop, after burning turbojet and micro gas turbine. These turbines find applications in airplanes, large scale industries etc. but these are less suitable for the small scale power generation units due to several factors. Micro gas turbines are set to play a significant role particularly in small-scale power generation using combined heat and power generation among all these types of turbines as the future of power generation lies in decentralised and distributed power generation systems. In the light of making use of the high temperature exhaust of a gas turbine, combined heat and power generation systems are being used to increase the power output and overall efficiency. Micro gas turbines are essentially single-stage, single-shaft and low pressure gas turbines whose capacity ranges from 30–150 KW. In comparison to the conventional turbines, micro gas turbines are compact and have low lubricating oil consumption leading to a simpler lube and sump oil system and because they have fewer rotating parts, this leads to lesser balancing problems. The analysis of micro gas turbines has shown that they are capable of meeting current emission standards of NOx and other pollutants. Even though the installation costs of micro gas turbines are high due to the complexity in adjusting to electrical grid frequency, still these distributed energy systems may prove to be more attractive in a competitive market to those seeking increased reliability as they empower these entities with the capacity of self-generation. The following text reviews the developments in the micro gas turbines with a special focus on the efficiency of its components such as the recuperator, the combustion chamber design and also explores the future prospects of the technology in terms of viability of its application in the automobile sector.
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Pratt, Joseph W., Lennie Klebanoff, Karina Munoz-Ramos, Abbas A. Akhil, Dita B. Curgus, and Benjamin L. Schenkman. "Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Systems for Airplane Auxiliary Power." In 49th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2013-3679.

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Hagan, Mark, Will Northrop, Brian Bowers, Jennifer Rumsey, and S. Prabhu. "Automotive Fuel Processing Systems for PEM Fuel Cells." In SAE 2000 World Congress. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-0007.

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Freeh, Joshua E., Christopher J. Steffen, and Louis M. Larosiliere. "Off-Design Performance Analysis of a Solid-Oxide Fuel Cell/Gas Turbine Hybrid for Auxiliary Aerospace Power." In ASME 2005 3rd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2005-74099.

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A solid-oxide fuel cell/gas turbine hybrid system for auxiliary aerospace power is analyzed using 0-D and 1-D system-level models. The system is designed to produce 440kW of net electrical power, sized for a typical long-range 300-passenger civil airplane, at both sea level and cruise flight level (12,500m). In addition, a part power level of 250kW is analyzed at the cruise condition, a requirement of the operating power profile. The challenge of creating a balanced system for the three distinct conditions is presented, along with the compromises necessary for each case. A parametric analysis is described for the cruise part power operating point, in which the system efficiency is maximized by varying the air flow rate. The system is compared to an earlier version that was designed solely for cruise operation. The results show that it is necessary to size the turbomachinery, fuel cell, and heat exchangers at sea level full power rather than cruise full power. The resulting estimated mass of the system is 1912 kg, which is significantly higher than the original cruise design point mass, 1396 kg. The net thermal efficiencies with respect to the fuel LHV are calculated to be 42.4% at sea level full power, 72.6% at cruise full power, and 72.8% at cruise part power. The cruise conditions take advantage of pre-compressed air from the on-board Environmental Control System, which accounts for a portion of the unusually high thermal efficiency at those conditions. These results show that it is necessary to include several operating points in the overall assessment of an aircraft power system due to the variations throughout the operating profile.
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Borup, Rodney L., Michael A. Inbody, José I. Tafoya, William J. Vigil, and Troy A. Semelsberger. "Fuels Testing in Fuel Reformers for Transportation Fuel Cells." In SAE Powertrain & Fluid Systems Conference & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2003-01-3271.

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Reports on the topic "Fuel cells. Airplanes Fuel systems"

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Pratt, Joesph W., Leonard E. Klebanoff, Karina Munoz-Ramos, Abbas A. Akhil, Dita B. Curgus, and Benjamin L. Schenkman. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells for Electrical Power Generation On-Board Commercial Airplanes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1219354.

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Curgus, Dita Brigitte, Karina Munoz-Ramos, Joseph William Pratt, Abbas Ali Akhil, Leonard E. Klebanoff, and Benjamin L. Schenkman. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells for electrical power generation on-board commercial airplanes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1018476.

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Thomas Tao. Novel Fuel Cells for Coal Based Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1055217.

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Steinfeld, G., S. J. Meyers, and W. B. Hauserman. Integration of carbonate fuel cells with advanced coal gasification systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10104097.

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Gerdes, Kirk, and George Richards. Annual Report: Advanced Energy Systems Fuel Cells (30 September 2013). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1128563.

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Wolk, R. Direct Carbon Fuel Cells: Assessment of their Potential as Solid Carbon Fuel Based Power Generation Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15020085.

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Osteryoung, Robert A. Electrochemical Studies of Lewis Acid-Base Systems for Use in Thermally Regenerable Fuel Cells. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada246457.

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Cotrell, J., and W. Pratt. Modeling the Feasibility of Using Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engines in Remote Renewable Energy Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15004825.

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Adzic, Radoslav, and Michael Furey. Nanostructured Catalyst Systems for Fuel Cells: Synthesis and Characterization of Low Platinum Content electrocatalysts for O2 Reduction. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/973578.

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Sofie, Stephen W., Steven R. Shaw, Peter A. Lindahl, and Lee H. Spangler. PROPULSION AND POWER RAPID RESPONSE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (R&D) SUPPORT. Deliver Order 0002: Power-Dense, Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Systems: High-Performance, High-Power-Density Solid Oxide Fuel Cells - Materials and Load Control. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada526583.

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