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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fuel cells ; Electrocatalysis

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Academic literature on the topic 'Fuel cells ; Electrocatalysis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Fuel cells ; Electrocatalysis"

1

Shao, Minhua. "Electrocatalysis in Fuel Cells." Catalysts 5, no. 4 (2015): 2115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal5042115.

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Łosiewicz, B., and Magdalena Popczyk. "Aims of Electrocatalysis." Solid State Phenomena 228 (March 2015): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.228.179.

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Electrocatalysis as a catalytic process involving oxidation or reduction through the direct transfer of electrons is of key importance subject in various fields of chemistry and associated sciences. Heterogeneous electrocatalysis is especially important to the development of water oxidation and fuel cells catalysts. This paper presents the brief description of the electrocatalysis and the mechanism of electrochemical reactions. Different factors and their influence on electrocatalytic activity, have been discussed. Role of nanoparticles in electrocatalysis received a particular emphasis. Long-term tasks of electrocatalysis were also definied.

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Zheng, Penglun, Quanyi Liu, Xiaoliang Peng, Laiquan Li, and Jun Yang. "Constructing Ni–Mo2C Nanohybrids Anchoring on Highly Porous Carbon Nanotubes as Efficient Multifunctional Electrocatalysts." Nano 15, no. 10 (2020): 2050135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292020501350.

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It is important for regenerative fuel cells, rechargeable metal–air batteries and water splitting to find reasonable designed nonprecious metal catalysts, which have efficient and durable electrocatalytic activities for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In this work, through a simple hydrothermal method and following annealing process, Mo2C and Ni nanoparticles were encapsulated in a nanoporous hierarchical structure of carbon (Ni/Mo2C/C). The ingenious structure delivers several favorable characteristics including abundant active sites resulting from hollow and mesoporous architecture, boosted reaction kinetics from metallic components, sufficient interfacial effect and synergistic effect from intimate integration of Mo2C, Ni and C. The multifunctional Ni/Mo2C/C hybrid electrocatalyst performs excellently for ORR, OER and HER, better than most of the reported electrocatalysts with three functions. A facile and novel strategy was developed to construct the multifunctional catalysts with excellent electrocatalysis behavior.

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Cepitis, Ritums, Nadezda Kongi, Vitali Grozovski, Vladislav Ivaništšev, and Enn Lust. "Multifunctional Electrocatalysis on Single-Site Metal Catalysts: A Computational Perspective." Catalysts 11, no. 10 (2021): 1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11101165.

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Multifunctional electrocatalysts are vastly sought for their applications in water splitting electrolyzers, metal-air batteries, and regenerative fuel cells because of their ability to catalyze multiple reactions such as hydrogen evolution, oxygen evolution, and oxygen reduction reactions. More specifically, the application of single-atom electrocatalyst in multifunctional catalysis is a promising approach to ensure good atomic efficiency, tunability and additionally benefits simple theoretical treatment. In this review, we provide insights into the variety of single-site metal catalysts and their identification. We also summarize the recent advancements in computational modeling of multifunctional electrocatalysis on single-site catalysts. Furthermore, we explain each modeling step with open-source-based working examples of a standard computational approach.

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White, James H., and Anthony F. Sammells. "Perovskite Anode Electrocatalysis for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 140, no. 8 (1993): 2167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2220791.

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YU, HongMei, and BaoLian YI. "Current status of vehicle fuel cells and electrocatalysis." SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica 42, no. 4 (2012): 480–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/032011-847.

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Mathe, Mkhulu K., Tumaini Mkwizu, and Mmalewane Modibedi. "Electrocatalysis Research for Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Production." Energy Procedia 29 (2012): 401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.09.047.

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Karyakin, A. A., S. V. Morozov, E. E. Karyakina, N. A. Zorin, V. V. Perelygin, and S. Cosnier. "Hydrogenase electrodes for fuel cells." Biochemical Society Transactions 33, no. 1 (2005): 73–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0330073.

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Considering crucial problems that limit use of platinum-based fuel cells, i.e. cost and availability, poisoning by fuel impurities and low selectivity, we propose electrocatalysis by enzymes as a valuable alternative to noble metals. Hydrogenase electrodes in neutral media achieve hydrogen equilibrium potential (providing 100% energy conversion), and display high activity in H2 electrooxidation, which is similar to that of Pt-based electrodes in sulphuric acid. In contrast with platinum, enzyme electrodes are highly selective for their substrates, and are not poisoned by fuel impurities. Hydrogenase electrodes are capable of consuming hydrogen directly from microbial media, which ensures their use as fuel electrodes in treatment of organic wastes.

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Kagkoura, Antonia, and Nikos Tagmatarchis. "Carbon Nanohorn-Based Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion." Nanomaterials 10, no. 7 (2020): 1407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10071407.

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In the context of even more growing energy demands, the investigation of alternative environmentally friendly solutions, like fuel cells, is essential. Given their outstanding properties, carbon nanohorns (CNHs) have come forth as promising electrocatalysts within the nanocarbon family. Carbon nanohorns are conical nanostructures made of sp2 carbon sheets that form aggregated superstructures during their synthesis. They require no metal catalyst during their preparation and they are inexpensively produced in industrial quantities, affording a favorable candidate for electrocatalytic reactions. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview regarding CNHs in the field of electrocatalysis and especially, in oxygen reduction, methanol oxidation, and hydrogen evolution, as well as oxygen evolution from water splitting, underlining the progress made so far, and pointing out the areas where significant improvement can be achieved.

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Pharkya, Pallavi, Akram Alfantazi, and Zoheir Farhat. "Fabrication Using High-Energy Ball-Milling Technique and Characterization of Pt-Co Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells." Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 2, no. 3 (2005): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1895985.

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This work discusses the fabrication and characterization of Pt-Co electrocatalysts for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) and electrocatalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction. Two sets of carbon supported catalysts with Pt:Co in the atomic ratio of 0.25:0.75 and 0.75:0.25 were prepared using a high-energy ball-milling technique. One of the Pt-Co electrocatalysts was subjected to lixiviation to examine the change in surface area. Microstructural characterization of the electrocatalysts was done using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffractometry, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Electrochemical characterization of the electrocatalysts was done in acidic and alkaline media using cyclic voltammetry and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. These tests were performed at room and higher temperature (50°C). Performances of the electrocatalysts were also compared with the commercial E-TEK Pt:Co alloy electrocatalysts of the compositions 10% Pt-Co alloy (1:1 a/o) and 40% Pt-Co alloy (1:1 a/o) on Vulcan XC-72.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fuel cells ; Electrocatalysis"

1

Lively, Treise. "Ethanol fuel cell electrocatalysis : novel catalyst preparation, characterization and performance towards ethanol electrooxidation." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.602560.

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Williams, Mario. "Characterization of platinum-group metal nanophase electrocatalysts employed in the direct methanol fuel cell and solid-polymer electrolyte electrolyser." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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Ying, Qiling. "Preparation and characterization of highly active nano pt/c electrocatalyst for proton exchange membrane fuel cell." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_3791_1188474883.

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<p>Catalysts play an essential role in nearly every chemical production process. Platinum supported on high surface area carbon substrates (Pt/C) is one of the promising candidates as an electrocatalyst in low temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Developing the activity of the Pt/C catalyst with narrow Pt particle size distribution and good dispersion has been a main concern in current research.</p> <p><br /> In this study, the main objective was the development and characterization of inexpensive and effective nanophase Pt/C electrocatalysts. A set of modified Pt/C electrocatalysts with high electrochemical activity and low loading of noble metal was prepared by the impregnation-reduction method in this research. The four home-made catalysts synthesized by different treatments conditions were characterized by several techniques such as EDS, TEM, XRD, AAS, TGA, BET and CV.</p> <p><br /> Pt electrocatalysts supported on acid treatment Vulcan XC-72 electrocatalysts were produced successfully. The results showed that Pt particle sizes of Pt/C (PrOH)x catalysts between 2.45 and 2.81nm were obtained with homogeneous dispersion, which were more uniform than the commercial Pt/C (JM) catalyst. In the electrochemical activity tests, ORR was confirmed as a structure-sensitive reaction. The Pt/C (PrOH/pH2.5) showed promising results during chemically-active surface area investigation, which compared well with that of the commercial standard Johnson Matthey Pt/C catalyst. The active surface area of Pt/C (PrOH/pH2.5) at 17.98m2/g, was higher than that of the commercial catalyst (17.22 m2/g ) under the conditions applied. In a CV electrochemical activity test of Pt/C catalysts using a Fe2+/Fe3+ mediator system study, Pt/C (PrOH/pH2.5) (67mA/cm2) also showed promise as a catalyst as the current density is comparable to that of the commercial Pt/C (JM) (62mA/cm2).</p> <p><br /> A remarkable achievement was attained in this study: the electrocatalyst Pt supported on CNTs was synthesized effectively. This method resulted in the smallest Pt particle size 2.15nm. In the electrochemically-active surface area study, the Pt/CNT exhibited a significantly greater active surface area (27.03 m2/g) and higher current density (100 mA/cm2) in the Fe2+/Fe3+ electrochemical mediator system than the other home-made Pt/C catalysts, as well as being significantly higher than the commercial Pt/C (JM) catalysts. Pt/CNT catalyst produced the best electrochemical activities in both H2SO4 and K4[Fe(CN)6] electrolytes. As a result of the characteristics of Pt/CNTï¼it can be deduced that the Pt/CNT is the best electrocatalyst prepared in this study and has great potential for use in fuel cell applications.</p>

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Hui, Chiu Lam. "Surfactant stabilized nanoscale electrocatalysts for fuel cell applications /." View abstract or full-text, 2005. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?EVNG%202005%20HUI.

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Haslam, Gareth Eric. "Ni-C and WC materials as fuel cell electrocatalysts." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610113.

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Fahy, Kieran. "Base-material electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction in low temperature fuel cells." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.707964.

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Rees, Eric John. "The role of synthesis conditions for metal-carbide electrocatalysts in fuel cells." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609023.

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Kavanagh, R. J. "A computational study of anode electrocatalysis in direct ethanol fuel cells." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678702.

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Density Functional Theory calculations are employed in the investigation of the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) at the anode of Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells (DEFC), with a view to mechanistic understanding of the reaction pathways, determination of the factors governing the onset potential of activity and selectivity towards C02, and ultimately the design of an optimal electrocatalyst in these regards. The lowest energy pathway of ethanol decomposition on platinum is identified and it is found that the reaction kinetics do not significantly vary with catalyst morphology. The aqueous medium is found to somewhat facilitate all reaction pathways. Surface hydroxyl is found to oxidise ethanol to acetaldehyde. Surface atomic oxygen is found to selectively oxidise adsorbed carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. The onset potentials of surface hydroxyl and atomic oxygen on platinum are calculated to be in good agreement with experimental data. It is determined that onset potentials of < 0.1 V vs. SHE will result in inactive hydroxyls, while an onset potential of < 0.2 V results in inactive surface atomic oxygen, providing a target for catalyst optimisation. Onset of EOR is found to occur at potentials between 0.4 V and 0.5 V earlier on a range of platinum tin catalysts than on platinum, and Pt3Sn is found to be kinetically the best example of such a catalyst These findings are in good agreement with experimental observations. The addition of rhodium to platinum is found to result in a hydroxyl onset potential below the 0.1 V threshold for activity, and the near-optimal onset potential of surface atomic oxygen, resulting in excellent selectivity towards C02. However, the stability of the hydroxyl species delays the formation of atomic oxygen and so delays the onset of ethanol oxidation activity to an unacceptably high degree. This effect is believed to be general to metallic systems.

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Barron, Olivia. "Catalyst Coated Membranes (CCMs) for polymerelectrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cells." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_4757_1307336145.

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<p>The main objective of this work it to produce membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) that have improved performance over MEAs produced by the conventional manner, by producing highly efficient, electroactive, uniform catalyst layers with lower quantities of platinum electrocatalyst. The catalyst coated membrane (CCM) method was used to prepare the MEAs for the PEM fuel cell as it has been reported that this method of MEA fabrication can improve the performance of PEM fuel cells. The MEAs performances were evaluated using polarisation studies on a single cell. A comparison of polarisation curves between CCM MEAs and MEAs produced in the conventional manner illustrated that CCM MEAs have improved performance at high current densities (&gt<br>800 mA/cm2).</p>

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Feng, Chunhua. "Microfabrication-compatible synthesis strategies for nanoscale electrocatalysts in microfabricated fuel cell applications /." View abstract or full-text, 2007. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CENG%202007%20FENG.

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Books on the topic "Fuel cells ; Electrocatalysis"

1

Shao, Minhua, ed. Electrocatalysis in Fuel Cells. Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4911-8.

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Liu, Hansan, and Jiujun Zhang. Electrocatalysis of direct methanol fuel cells: From fundamentals to applications. Wiley-VCH, 2009.

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Vayenas, C. G. Interfacial phenomena in electrocatalysis. Springer, 2011.

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Shao, Minhua. Electrocatalysis in Fuel Cells: A Non- and Low- Platinum Approach. Springer London, 2013.

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Maiyalagan, Thandavarayan, and Viswanathan S. Saji, eds. Electrocatalysts for Low Temperature Fuel Cells. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527803873.

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Rodríguez-Varela, Francisco Javier, and Teko W. Napporn, eds. Advanced Electrocatalysts for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99019-4.

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Zhang, Jiujun, ed. PEM Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts and Catalyst Layers. Springer London, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-936-3.

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Santos, Elizabeth, and Wolfgang Schmickler. Catalysis in electrochemistry: From fundamental aspects to strategies for fuel cell development. Wiley, 2011.

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9

Electrocatalysis in Fuel Cells. MDPI, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03842-219-8.

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Liu, Hansan, and Jiujun Zhang, eds. Electrocatalysis of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells. Wiley, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527627707.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fuel cells ; Electrocatalysis"

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Goddard, William A. "Fuel Cells Electrocatalysis with QM and FF." In Computational Materials, Chemistry, and Biochemistry: From Bold Initiatives to the Last Mile. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18778-1_64.

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Mukherjee, Ayan, Harikrishnan Narayanan, and Suddhasatwa Basu. "Electrocatalysis of Alternative Liquid Fuels for PEM Direct Oxidation Fuel Cells." In Advanced Electrocatalysts for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99019-4_3.

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Liu, Xiaojun, Wenyue Li, and Shouzhong Zou. "Electrocatalysis of Facet-controlled Noble Metal Nanomaterials for Low-temperature Fuel Cells." In Electrocatalysts for Low Temperature Fuel Cells. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527803873.ch12.

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Wang, Hongsen, and Héctor D. Abruña. "Electrocatalysis of Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells: Quantitative DEMS Studies." In Structure and Bonding. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/430_2011_40.

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Zhang, Ruizhong, and Wei Chen. "Synthesis and Electrocatalysis of Pt-Pd Bimetallic Nanocrystals for Fuel Cells." In Nanostructure Science and Technology. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29930-3_4.

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Koper, Marc T. M. "Molecular-Level Modeling of Anode and Cathode Electrocatalysis for PEM Fuel Cells." In Topics in Applied Physics. Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78691-9_18.

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Daletou, Maria K., Joannis Kallitsis, and Stylianos G. Neophytides. "6 Materials, Proton Conductivity and Electrocatalysis in High-Temperature PEM Fuel Cells." In Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5580-7_6.

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Alonso-Vante, Nicolas. "Fuel Cell Electrocatalysis." In Chalcogenide Materials for Energy Conversion. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89612-0_2.

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Zhang, Junliang. "PEM Fuel Cells and Platinum-Based Electrocatalysts." In Fuel Cells. Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5785-5_10.

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Adzic, Radoslav, and Nebojsa Marinkovic. "Electrochemical Energy Conversion in Fuel Cells." In Platinum Monolayer Electrocatalysts. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49566-4_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fuel cells ; Electrocatalysis"

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El-Dera, Sandra Erfan, Ahmed Abd El Aziz, and Ahmed Abd El Moneim. "Evaluation of the Activity of Metal-Oxides as Anode Catalysts in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell." In ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with the ASME 2012 6th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2012-91288.

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In the present work, pure iridium oxide (IrO2), and ternary catalysts (IrSnSb-Oxides and RuIrTi-Oxides) are investigated to be used as anode electrocatalysts in The Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC). Investigations of Methanol Oxidation and Hydrogen Evolution over the catalysts are measured in sulphuric acid as a supportive electrolyte using cyclic voltammetry technique at room temperature (25°C). A specific comparison between the electrocatalytic activities of IrSnSb-Oxides and RuIrTi-Oxides systems is conducted. A comprehensive examination of IrSnSb-Oxides and RuIrTi-Oxides catalysts containing different fractions of the alloying elements are performed to study the effect of varying Iridium Ir content (%) in IrSnSb-Oxides and Ruthenium Ru content (%) in RuIrTi-Oxides on the catalytic activity of ternary catalysts and on the performance of DMFC. It is observed that the electrocatalytic performance of ternary oxides catalysts is strongly dependent on the Ir and Ru content. The generated IrO2 and 33.36% Ru – 1%Ir – 65.64%Ti – Oxides catalysts prove high stability for oxidation of methanol and more proficient electrochemical activity as an anodic electrocatalyst in DMFC at 25°C. The electrochemical measurements of the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) for metal oxides show that 46.65%Ir – 40.78%Sn – 12.57%Sb sample and 18.75%Ru – 9.35%Ir – 71.9%Ti sample are the superior hydrogen evolution catalysts at 25°C.

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Hu, Jenny E., Joshua B. Pearlman, Atul Bhargav, and Gregory S. Jackson. "Impact of Increased Anode CO Tolerance on Performance of Hydrocarbon-Fueled PEM Fuel Cell Systems." In ASME 2009 7th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2009-85185.

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Recent advances in anode electrocatalysts for low-temperature PEM fuel cells are increasing tolerance for CO in the H2-rich anode stream. This study explores the impact of current day and future advances in CO-tolerant electrocatalysts on the system efficiency of low-temperature Nafion-based PEM fuel cell systems operating in conjunction with a hydrocarbon autothermal reformer and a preferential CO oxidation (PROx) reactor for CO clean-up. This study explores the effects of incomplete H2 cleanup by preferential oxidation reactors for partial CO removal, in combination with reformate-tolerant stacks. Empirical fuel cell performance models were based upon voltage-current characteristic from single-cell MEA tests at varying CO concentrations with new alloy reformate-tolerant electrocatalysts tested in conjunction with this study. A system-level model for a 5 kW maximum liquid-fueled system has been used to study the trade-offs between the improved performance with decreased CO concentration and the increased penalties from the air supply to the PROx reactor and associated reduction in H2 partial pressures to the anode. As CO tolerance is increased over current state-of-the-art Pt alloy catalysts system efficiencies improve due to higher fuel cell voltages. Furthermore, increasing CO tolerance of anode electrocatalysts allows for increased reformer efficiency by reducing PROx CO conversion requirements.

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Zhang, Huamin, and Xiaobing Zhu. "Research and Development of Key Materials of PEMFC." In ASME 2006 4th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2006-97059.

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In this paper, R & D on the electrocatalysts and the proton conductive membranes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells in our group is presented. It is shown that both the electrocatalysts and the proton conductive membranes have attained an enhanced performance.

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Strasser, Peter. "Combinatorial Development of Ternary Electrocatalysts for Methanol Oxidation." In ASME 2007 2nd Energy Nanotechnology International Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/enic2007-45060.

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We report a combinatorial and high throughput catalyst optimization of ternary Pt-Co-Ru alloy electrocatalysts for the oxidation of methanol in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell anodes. A densely sampled ternary Pt alloy catalyst library was prepared and electrochemically tested in parallel for catalytic activity. A composition-activity map was obtained from which suitable catalyst candidates with improved activity were identified. Then, high throughput methods for evaluating corrosion stability of the alloy catalysts were developed based on structural and compositional criteria. Finally, combining stability-composition and activity-composition maps resulted in consensus maps which pointed to a new optimized ternary alloy electrocatalyst with overall composition Pt18Co62Ru20.

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Franco, Egberto Gomes, Marcelo Linardi, and Marco Antonio Colosio. "Ethanol Fuel Cell: New Electrocatalysts Systems." In SAE Brasil 2005 Congress and Exhibit. SAE International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-4078.

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Sun, Gongquan, Guoxiong Wang, Suli Wang, Shiyou Yan, Shaohua Yang, and Qin Xin. "Studies on Electrocatalysts, MEAs and Compact Stacks of Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells." In ASME 2006 4th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2006-97244.

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A number of carbon supported bi/multi-metallic Pt-based electrocatalysts with a metal particle-size and shape controllable in nanoscale and a narrow size distribution were prepared by the improved polyol method. Among the electrocatalysts prepared in-house, PtSn/C showed a high direct ethanol fuel cell performance and PtPd/C exhibited a favorable methanol-tolerant property and oxygen-reduction activity. Several MEA fabrication methods such as direct-spray, decal and screen-printing were developed, through which the pore structure and hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties in the MEAs could be controlled desirably. With multi-layer structured electrodes, the maximum power density of 300 mW/cm2 and 240 mW/cm2 for the single cells were achieved at 90 °C under 0.2 MPa pressures of oxygen and air, respectively. Several demonstrations of active and passive compact DMFC systems ranging from sub-watts to 200 watt were fabricated. Some of them were demonstrated in PDA, toy cars, mobile phones and laptop computers.

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Diloyan, Georgiy, and Parsaoran Hutapea. "Platinum Dissolution in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Under Mechanical Vibrations." In ASME 2011 9th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2011-54944.

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One of the factors that affect the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is the loss of electrochemically active surface area of the Platinum (Pt) based electrocatalyst due to platinum dissolution and sintering. The intent of the current research is to understand the effect of mechanical vibrations on the Pt particles dissolution and overall PEMFC performance. This study is of great importance for the automotive application of fuel cells, since they operate under a vibrating environment. Carbon supported platinum plays an important role as an electrocatalyst in PEMFC. Pt particles, typically a few nanometers in size, are distributed on both cathode and anode sides. Pt particle dissolution and sintering is accelerated by a number of factors, one of which is potential cycling during fuel cell operation. To study the effect of mechanical vibrations on Pt dissolution and sintering, an electrocatalyst (from cathode side) was analyzed by SEM/EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy). The performance, dissolution and sintering of the Pt particles of 25 cm2 electrocatalyst coated membrane were studied during a series of tests. The experiment was conducted by running three accelerated tests. Each test duration was 300 hours, with different parameters of oscillations: one test without vibrations and remaining two tests under vibrations with frequencies of 20 Hz and 50 Hz (5g of magnitude) respectively. For each of the three tests a pristine membrane was used. The catalyst of each membrane was analyzed by ESEM/EDS in pristine state and in degraded state (after 300 hours of accelerated test). In order to specify the same area of observation on a catalyst before and after accelerated test, a relocation technique was used.

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Reddy, A. Leela Mohana, M. M. Shaijumon, N. Rajalakshmi, and S. Ramaprabhu. "PEM Fuel Cells With Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as Catalyst Support Material." In ASME 2006 4th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2006-97274.

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Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) have been synthesized by the pyrolysis of acetylene using hydrogen decrepitated Mischmetal (Mm) based AB3 alloy hydride catalyst. MWNTs have been characterized by SEM, TEM, Raman and XRD studies. Pt-supported MWNTs (Pt/MWNTs) have been prepared by chemical reduction method using functionalized MWNTs. Composites of Pt/MWNTs and Pt/C have been used as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). Cathode catalyst with 50% Pt/MWNTs and 50% Pt/C gives the best performance because of the better dispersion and good accessibility of MWNTs support and the Pt electrocatalysts in the mixture for the oxygen reduction reaction in PEMFC. The paper emphasizes that Pt/C and Pt/MWNTs composites have good potential as catalyst support material in PEMFC.

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Srinivasan, S., R. Dillon, L. Krishnan, et al. "Techno-Economic Challenges for PEMFCs and DMFCs Entering Energy Sector." In ASME 2003 1st International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2003-1764.

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Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) and Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC) have been in the forefront of all fuel cell technologies for transportation and portable power applications. This is mainly because of the quantum/semi-quantum jumps in these technologies. However, there are several techno-economic challenges for these types of fuel cells to enter the energy sector. The cell structures and operating principles of PEMFC and DMFC are similar to each other. However, techno-economic challenges for PEMFCs are significantly different from those for DMFCs, due to their applications, associated competing technologies, global market, and manufacturing environment. Both types of fuel cell are close to entering the energy sector now, more than ever before. Significant reduction of PEMFCs capital cost and miniaturization of DMFCs are two critical issues. Intense research and development efforts are needed with respect to (i) finding better and less expensive electrocatalysts and proton conducting membranes (ii) optimization of structure and composition of membrane and electrode assemblies, (iii) automation of techniques to fabricate cell and stack components, and (iv) finding efficient and cost effective methods for thermal and water management.

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Mishler, Jeff, Yun Wang, Partha P. Mukherjee, Rangachary Mukundan, and Rodney L. Borup. "Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Subfreezing Operation in PEM Fuel Cells." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33124.

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In this work, we present a neutron radiography and analysis, as well as modeling study on cold-start operation of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. Fuel cells with Gore™ or LANL MEAs and SGL or E-Tek ELAT GDLs are tested in varying subfreezing temperatures (−40 to 0°C) to determine the time scale of cold-start failure, amount of solid water formation, solid water formation location, and. A higher PTFE-loading in the MPL is found to decrease loss in electrocatalytic surface area in our case. Theoretical analysis is also conducted and model predictions are compared with the experimental data in terms of the cell voltage evolution.

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Reports on the topic "Fuel cells ; Electrocatalysis"

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Perla B. Balbuena and Jorge M. Seminario. Bimetallic and Trimetallic Nanoparticles for Fuel Cell Electrocatalysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/908297.

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Shamsuddin Ilias. DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL ELECTROCATALYSTS FOR PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/825378.

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Shamsuddin Ilias. DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL ELECTROCATALYSTS FOR PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/825377.

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Shamsuddin Ilias. DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL ELECTROCATALYSTS FOR PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/821855.

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Shamsuddin Ilias. DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL ELECTROCATALYST FOR PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/778369.

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Stechel, Ellen Beth, Elise E. Switzer, Cy H. Fujimoto, Plamen Borissov Atanassov, Christopher James Cornelius, and Michael R. Hibbs. Nanostructured electrocatalyst for fuel cells : silica templated synthesis of Pt/C composites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/952106.

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Adzic, Radoslav, and Michael Furey. Develop Novel Pt Monolayer Electrocatalysts to Facilitate Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) for PEM Fuel Cells. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1095905.

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Shamsuddin Ilias. Synthesis and Characterization of CO- and H2S-Tolerant Electrocatalysts for PEM Fuel Cell. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/898315.

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Shamsuddin Ilias. Synthesis and Characterization of CO- and H2S-Tolerant Electrocatalysts for PEM Fuel Cell. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/888875.

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Shamsuddin Ilias. Synthesis and Characterization of CO- and H2S-Tolerant Electrocatalysts for PEM Fuel Cell. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/881863.

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