Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fuel lourd'
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Tarlet, Dominique. "Contribution à la combustion des émulsions de l'eau dans le fioul lourd." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005429.
Full textChik, Abdellah. "Etude de la formation de cénosphères au cours de la pyrolyse d'hydrocarbures résiduels." Mulhouse, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MULH0013.
Full textBraham, Ben Said Zeineb. "Caractérisation et vieillissement des produits pétroliers par méthodes chimiométriques et développement spectral." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4317.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to characterize the phenomena of oxidation of oil lubricants and the heavy products of petroleum. In both themes « lubricating » and « Heavy Fuel Oil », a study of strategic monitoring was performed before analytical and chemometrics studies in this frame the parameter time is important. It helps us to understand changes domains, their news and their relevance and whether these domains are already in industrial use and technological phase or development stage scientific research. Lubricating oils must meet certain requirements in order to optimize their performance when operating in the engine. In this work various types of sulfur compounds are tested to identify the antioxidant potential. Two base oils and seven additives are tested. It appears that sulfur compounds with long aliphatic chains increases resistance of oil, whatever its nature. Heavy fuel oil used for boat motors can be considered as refining waste. Nevertheless the most stringent specification as burning, stability and sulfur content. Their characterizations require the analysis of various properties, which are essential for driving control and the development of engine technologies. The use of a diffusing support allows to free itself from problems of tank cleaning usually met. The aim of this work is to analyze fuel on the boat at the entrance of the engine in order to increase the motor performances and decrease the pollutants by a near infrared miniaturized sensor
Elmoussaoui, Abdeloihid. "Application de l’analyse factorielle et de la classification automatique à une étude chronologique multidimensionnelle : cas du marché pétrolier français." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066504.
Full textWitzel, Lars. "Formation d’imbrûlés solides lors de la combustion des fuels lourds." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0028.
Full textAn enforced conscience toward the environment led too stricter emission limit regulations for the combustion of heavy fuel oil. This work is ta determine the possibilities for the prediction of solid emissions of industrial plants. In a first step fuel oil droplets are pyrolysed in inert gas while falling down a tube , to obtain solid particles (hollow spheres, called cenospheres). The mass ratio cenospheres/injected fuel is established. In a second step, the reactivity with air is measured by thermogravimetric analysis. The results (mass ratio cenospheres/fuel, reactivity and ignitions temperature of the cenospheres) may be sufficient to control the quality of one heavy fuel oil production and to test the efficiency of combustion additives. A model that simulates the fast pyrolysis of a heavy fuel oil droplet and the particle formation has been developed
Vignet, Caroline. "Altération de la physiologie des poissons exposés à des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP) : comportement et reproduction." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LAROS003/document.
Full textPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) which are found in complex mixtures in the environment including aquatic ecosystems. They adsorb on particles, accumulate in sediment and in the first link of the food web. The aim of this study was to measure long term effects of PAHs contamination on a vertebrate model : the zebrafish. In a first study, embryos were exposed on natural sediment spiked with 3 individual PAH (phenanthrene, pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene) during the first four days of their development. In a second study, to evaluate the consequences of long-term chronic exposure to PAHs, zebrafish were exposed, from their first meal (5 days post fertilisation) until they became reproducing adults, to diets spiked with three PAHs fractions at environmentally relevant concentrations (0.3X, 1X and 3X; with the 1X concentration being in the range of 4.6-6.7 μg.g-1 for total quantified PAHs). The fractions used were representative of PAHs of pyrolytic (PY) origin or of two different oils of differing compositions (a heavy fuel (HO) and a light crude oil (LO)). Long term effects on growth, survival, reproduction and behavior were evaluated at different ages. Effects were observed at molecule, tissue, organ and individual scales. In general, for contaminated fish, growth was reduced, larval survival decreased in HO, and reproduction was strongly impaired at hormonal, tissue and phenotypic levels, and behavioral responses were lethargic or hyperactive depending on fractions and stages. Sediment exposure still revealed visible effects when fish were 6 month old. These results hereby showed significant late effects, especially in behavioral responses after an early exposure, including in larvae issued from contaminated fish. In spiked diets contaminated fish, we observed a gradation of effects. Combining all functions, we established of hierarchy in toxicity in the studied fractions: PY < LO ≈ HO. Finally, our results gathered at a multiscale from molecule, to tissue and individuals, indicate that PAH mixtures of different compositions, representative of situations encountered in the wild, can promote lethal and sublethal effects which are likely to be detrimental for fish survival and recruitment into future generations
Bolourchi, Hassan. "La technique d'autolubrification aqueuse pour le transport en conduite des mélanges fuel-charbon et des résidus lourds du pétrole." Compiègne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989COMPD165.
Full textA new technique for in-pipe-transportation of a concentrated suspension of coal oil mixture (COM) and a viscous fluid of heavy residual oil has been developed. This technique consists of preparing a suitable emulsion of water in the concerned fluid, in such a way that, when flowing in the pipe, the droplets of water can be separated from the continuous phase in order to produce a thin lubricating layer. The formation of this aqueous layer on the inner walls of the pipe can facilitate the in-pipe-transportation and reduce pressure drop. This work is divided into two parts : The first part leads to the development of a new COM formulation (called COMHFY) for coal oil mixture of high fluidity which enables a 50% load of dry coal in COM to have the same apparent viscosity as pure heavy oil. According to our hypothesis, the efficiency of this formulation could be attributed to the formation of a bicontinuous phase in the COM. The second part develops a kind of three-phased emulsion of water and air (foam) in the heavy residual oil. The development of a lubricating layer leads to a reduction of 80% of the pressure drop. Due to the original aspect of this work, two patents have been obtained : 1-French Patent, N° 2 571 735, (1986) ; 2-French Patent, N° 2 576 907 (1986)
Tishkova, Victoria. "Nanoparticules de combustion émises par différents moyens de transport : caractérisation physico-chimique et hygroscopicité." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2009AIX22060.pdf.
Full textTransport emission of nanoparticles into atmosphere is of major interest because of its possible effect on climate changes. The understanding of the potential environmental effect of the aviation and ship emission is still poor maintly because of the lack in the experimental characterization of these nanoparticules. The present work focuses on physico-chemical properties of combustion nanoparticles and their interaction with water. Hygroscopicity is on of the key parameters that are related to could condensation nuclei (CCN) activity and the environnemental effect. Experimental data show differences in the microstructure, elemental composition residuals coming from marine transport emitted residuals. Water uptake on combustion residuals coming from marine transport and aviation is higher than for laboratory-produced samples. We can therfore guess that these particules act as active CCN in the atmosphere
Dudley, Cynthia. "Christian heroism in J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61875.
Full textAgostino, Claire d'. "Modélisation de comportements de conducteurs réalistes pour l'estimation de l'efficacité énergétique durant le développement des véhicules poids-lourds." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECDL0034.
Full textRealistic driver behavior modeling for energy efficiency estimation during heavy-trucks vehicles development Abstract: In the context where fuel consumption is a growing cost center, fuel consumption of a truck coupled with its average speed is one of the key vehicle characteristics that needs to be optimized and accurately estimated during the truck design process. Consequently, we aim to create different driver behavior models for testing trucks regarding fuel consumption and average speed issues, i.e., rational driving. We propose a two-step method to model more accurately driving behavior: first, the identification of driving events through driving features. Second, the quantification of three different driving behaviors on the recognized driving events. Then we implement our results in a tool that creates these different driving behaviors. The output of this tool is a cycle adapted to a driver type in terms of fuel consumption and average speed, and that can be used in simulation and on chassis-dynamometer. The classification of driving events reaches classification rates between 74% and 91% depending on the events. We believe that they are sufficient for our application due to the raw nature of driving events and the similarities between the different classes. We also obtain promising results concerning the correlation between driving features and rational driving index. We focus especially on typical events, namely roundabout on extra-urban roads, toll on highways and stop on urban roads. The results of the developed tool prove to be efficient since we can now simulate different driving behaviors. On our test run in simulation, adapting only 10% of the events of a cycle produces fuel savings of 1.5% and an average speed which is 3% faster for an efficient driver than a non-efficient driver. These results are promising and we need to implement other events in the future
Pauly, Jason. "Designing Byron's «Dasein»: the anticipation of existentialist despair in Lord Byron's poetry." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21912.
Full textAu sens le plus large cette thèse expose une impulsion existentialiste dans la poésie de Lord Byron. De façon plus particulière, j'examine quatre des principales oeuvres de Lord Byron afin d'analyser les similitudes entre les manières qu'ont ses personnages de réaliser pleinement leur propre existence à travers l'émotion du désespoir. Je soutiens donc que Lord Byron peut être lu comme anticipant le désir existentialiste d'explorer l'être en termes d'angoisse. En prenant conscience de l'être à travers le désespoir, les personnages de Byron se rabbattent sur eux-mêmes, en d'autres mots, sur la présence de leur être. Cela me permet de proposer la présence d'une ontologie incrustée dans la pensée poétique de l'auteur. Cette ontologie se comprend le plus aisément par le terme Dasein, qui de façon similaire conçoit l'être simplement en vertu de sa présence.
Yates, Valerie (Valerie Ida). "Unusual Victorians : the personal and political unorthodoxy of Lord and Lady Amberley." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65530.
Full textHecker, Timothy. "The era of megaphonics: on the productivity of loud sound, 1880-1930." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123058.
Full textCette thèse examine un intérêt culturel pour le son fort comme force productive entre 1880 et 1930. De récentes recherches historiques sur le son au début du 20e siècle ont accordé une attention considérable aux mouvements d'atténuation du bruit et à leurs efforts pour contrôler l'espace public. En déplaçant l'accent vers un important groupe de personnes intéressés par les aspects générateurs de puissance du son et leur capacité à paralyser le corps, vider l'esprit et même menacer la vie suggère des façons dont certaines aspirations idéalistes ou utopiques ont eu une dimension sonore. Cette thèse porte sur trois aspects du mégaphone: d'une part, la pression de construire l'instrument au son le plus puissant du monde, un orgue à tuyaux, d'autre part, la prolifération de puissants signaux de brume le long des côtes nord-américaines et, enfin, le développement de la science de l'onde de choc et la compréhension croissante du son comme une force physique et mortelle.
Blake, Timothy R. "British foreign relations with the United States during Lord Curzon's tenure as Foreign Secretary." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84477.
Full textVarious issues had to be resolved, the future of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, the war debt, differences over the mandate of Yap, and the question of oil from the Middle East. Here the dealings of Anglo-American relations during Curzon's tenure at the Foreign Office are examined. Curzon took a conventional approach to Anglo-American negotiations. While Great Britain struggled to improve conditions with the United States, the outcome was nothing like the special relationship that manifested itself after 1945. Curzon's conventional view of foreign policy clashed with Lloyd George's essentially personal approach to foreign affairs. Geddes who was intended to be the Prime Minister's confidential agent proved, except on the question of the war debt, inadequate to the task.
Mze, Ahmed Amir Eddine. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation de la cinétique de combustion d'alcanes lourds, de kérosènes reformulés et de carburants modèles : formation de polluants." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00674848.
Full textPierce, Alexandria 1949. "Imperialist intent - colonial response : the art collection and cultural milieu of Lord Strathcona in nineteenth-century Montreal." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84197.
Full textStrathcona formed a significant collection of European paintings and Asian art, which was, however, largely dispersed by the institution charged with its care, thus reducing its significance. Krzysztof Pomian's concept of collectors as select individuals who mediate symbolic cultural power through semiotic constructs provides an important methodological anchor for an analysis of the collector and his collection, as does Carol Duncan's work on the motivation to collect art and to structure cultural identity through control of museums. As well, the princely model of collecting reveals the humanist values operative throughout the centuries by comparison of Strathcona to the Medici in terms of the deployment of spectacle.
This thesis makes use of primary source materials to compare Strathcona's collection to several of his peers in order to place him in his cultural milieu during a time in Canadian history when Montreal was a British enclave in a French province. Analysis of fragmented primary source inventories, catalogues, personal letters, and records held by the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts and the National Archives of Canada, identification of paintings documented in the Notman photographs of 1914--1915, and my tracing of the public portraits of Strathcona by Robert Harris still on view in Montreal institutions allowed me to create useful inventories that previously did not exist.
Cookson, Robert J. "Archibald Johnston of Wariston, religion and law in the Covenanting revolution, 1637-1641." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84498.
Full textWariston joined visceral opposition to innovations in religious worship imposed by Charles I. He rose in prominence because his legal expertise was indispensable to a Revolution predicated on a constitutional challenge of the authority of the Crown. The Revolution was a nationalist revolt against an alleged English imperialism. Wariston's religious experience in the Revolution revealed that the Church was the touchstone for a revival of national consciousness of Scottish laws, courts, customs and history. Wariston participated in the rediscovery and reinterpretation of Scottish law to undo decades of Anglicized Crown reform in Church and State.
When war began in 1639 Wariston became central to intelligence gathering and the forging of a loose alliance with English opponents of Charles I. This intelligence network informed Scottish propaganda to England and proved decisive in turning English popular opinion against the King. In 1640 Charles was forced to abandon war and enter into the negotiations which led to the London Treaty of 1641. Wariston pursued two main objectives---Scottish independence and permanent institutions of Anglo-Scottish cooperation---to ensure Scottish influence in English policy. While the latter initiatives were deferred in the Treaty, the Revolution achieved independence and the preservation of Scottish Presbyterianism. This study finds that ideas of religion and law in the Revolution were shaped by the overarching imperative of independence and a renewed Scottish nationalism.
Vaudry, Janice C. "James Caulfeild, the earl of Charlemont : portrait of an Irish whig peer." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61768.
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