Academic literature on the topic 'Fuel switching'

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Journal articles on the topic "Fuel switching"

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Eggertson, Bill. "Fuel Switching." Refocus 7, no. 3 (May 2006): 64–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1471-0846(06)70579-0.

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Naim, I., and T. Mahara. "Fuel Substitution for Energy Saving: A Case Study of Foundry Plant." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 8, no. 5 (October 13, 2018): 3439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2298.

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Foundry based organizations consume significant amounts of energy for producing their final products. Recently, techno-commercial and environmental factors have started triggering change from fossil fuels to cleaner ones. In this paper, factors acting as driving forces for migration from one fuel to another in order to improve energy efficiency, including various performance parameters in support of environment preservation, have been identified. Focus is also given to challenges which encounter during fuel switching. A new framework has been applied that can be used for fuel switching in manufacturing organizations. A real case of switching from three types of fuels to a single fuel has been studied and the outcomes are evaluated. Analysis related to energy consumption before and after fuel switching with respect to corresponding production data have been performed.
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Falbo, Paolo, Daniele Felletti, and Silvana Stefani. "Free EUAs and fuel switching." Energy Economics 35 (January 2013): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2011.12.007.

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Shu, Zepeng, Huibing Gan, Zhenguo Ji, and Ben Liu. "Modeling and Optimization of Fuel-Mode Switching and Control Systems for Marine Dual-Fuel Engine." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 12 (December 15, 2022): 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10122004.

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The marine dual-fuel engine can switch between diesel and gas modes according to the requirements of sailing conditions, fuel cost, and other working conditions to make sure the ship is in the best operating condition. In fuel-mode switching in engines, problems such as unstable combustion and large speed fluctuations are prone to occur. However, there are some disadvantages, such as poor safety, environmental pollution, and easy damage to the engine, when the large, marine dual-fuel engine is directly tested on the bench. Therefore, in this paper, a joint simulation model of a dual-fuel engine is built using GT Power and MATLAB/Simulink to investigate the engine’s transient process of fuel-mode switching, and the conventional fuel PID(Proportion Integral Differential) control system is optimized using the cuckoo search (CS) algorithm. The simulation results show that the dual-fuel engine model has good accuracy, and the response in transient conditions meets the manufacturer’s requirements. In the process of switching from gas mode to diesel mode, due to the rapid change in fuel, the engine parameters, such as speed, fluctuate significantly, which is prone to safety accidents. In the process of switching from diesel to gas mode, because the fuel switching is gentle, all parameters are relatively stable, and the possibility of safety accidents is slight. The fuel PID control system optimized based on the cuckoo search algorithm has a better engine control effect than the traditional fuel control system.
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Masera, Omar R., and Jaime Navia. "Fuel switching or multiple cooking fuels? Understanding inter-fuel substitution patterns in rural Mexican households." Biomass and Bioenergy 12, no. 5 (January 1997): 347–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0961-9534(96)00075-x.

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Xu, J., W. N. P. Lee, J. Phan, M. F. Saad, K. Reue, and I. J. Kurland. "Lipin Deficiency Impairs Diurnal Metabolic Fuel Switching." Diabetes 55, no. 12 (November 27, 2006): 3429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db06-0260.

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Chamberlin, John H., and Ed R. Mayberry. "End-use fuel-switching: Is it fair?" Electricity Journal 4, no. 8 (October 1991): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1040-6190(91)90011-h.

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Peng, Wuyuan, Zerriffi Hisham, and Jiahua Pan. "Household level fuel switching in rural Hubei." Energy for Sustainable Development 14, no. 3 (September 2010): 238–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2010.07.001.

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Bertrand, Vincent. "Understanding fuel switching under the EU ETS." International Journal of Global Energy Issues 35, no. 6 (2012): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijgei.2012.051733.

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Perreira, Michael G. "Fuel-Switching by Customers-A Case Study." Natural Gas 4, no. 6 (September 11, 2007): 29–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gas.3410040604.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fuel switching"

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Rukowicz, Stefan Frederick. "Comparative analysis of alternative fuels for bus transit." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 1.04 Mb., 208 p, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=1163250441&Fmt=7&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Sinuka, Yonwaba. "Performance testing of a diesel engine running on varying blends of jatropha oil, waste cooking oil and diesel fuel." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2436.

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Thesis (MTech (Mechanical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.
The high cost of fossil fuels and the fact that the world has arguably reached its peak oil production, has driven the need to seek alternative fuel sources. The main objective of the current study is to determine the performance of a laboratory-mounted diesel engine when fuelled with varying laboratory prepared biofuel and biodiesel and whether the advancement of the injection timing parameters will improve the engine power output and improve the smoke effect of these different fuel blends. The laboratory prepared biofuels used in this project range from 100% bio-fuel (BF100) to 50%, 30% and 10% biodiesel blends (BF50, BF30 and BF10, respectively). It should be noted that these blends are not commercially available, since they were blended in the laboratory specifically for these tests. The overall results of the study show that there is a distinct opportunity for using certain bio-fuel blends in specific applications as the power outputs are no more than one quarter less than that of base diesel. Concomitantly, the smoke opacity in all of the blends is lower than that of base diesel, which is a significant benefit in terms of their overall air emissions.
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Martinez, Heber. "High-temperatire phase transitions on RbH₂PO₄." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.

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Lebo, Stephen J. Scott Robert M. "Lease vs. Purchase analysis of alternative fuel vehicles in the United States Marine Corps." Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Dec/09Dec%5FLebo_Scott.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009.
Thesis Advisor: Gates, William R. Second Reader: Summers, Donald E. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 26, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: lease, purchase, Alternative-fuel Vehicle (AFV), incremental costs, salvage values, General Services Administration (GSA), United States Marine Corps (USMC), light-duty vehicle. Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-63). Also available in print.
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Thiets, Robert Clyde. "A method for developing a Triple-Bottom-Line business case for the implementation of alternative fuels and technology." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29659.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Committee Chair: Bras, Bert; Committee Member: Jeter, Sheldon; Committee Member: McGinnis, Leon. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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McHenry, John Carl Izaak. "The Challenges of Biofuels in Ohio: From the Perspective of Small-Scale Producers." Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1197926303.

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Postma, Marius. "Air-fuel ratio control in spark ignition internal combustion engines using switching LPV techniques." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30499.

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The Three-Way Catalytic Converter (TWC) is a critical component for the mitigation of tailpipe emissions of modern Internal Combustion (IC) engines. Because the TWC operates effectively only when a stoichiometric ratio of air and fuel is combusted in the engine, accurate control of the air-fuel ratio is required. To track the desired ratio, a switching Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) air-fuel ratio feedback controller, scheduled based on engine speed and air flow, and providing guaranteed L2 performance, is introduced. The controller measures the air-fuel ratio in the exhaust flow using a Universal Exhaust Gas Oxygen (UEGO) sensor and adjusts the amount of fuel injected accordingly. A detailed model of the air-fuel ratio control problem is developed to demonstrate the non-linear and parameter-dependent nature of the plant, as well as the presence of pure delays. The model’s dynamics vary considerably with engine speed and air flow. A simplified model, widely used in literature and known as a First Order Plus Dead Time (FOPDT) model, is then derived. It effectively captures the control problem using a model which is linear but parameter-varying with engine speed and air flow. Large variation of the FOPDT model across the engine’s operating range has led to conservative LPV controllers in previous literature. For this reason, the operating range is divided into smaller subregions, and an individual LPV controller is designed for each subregion. The LPV controllers are then switched based on the current engine speed and air flow and are collectively referred to as a switching LPV controller. The controller design problem is expressed as a Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI ) convex optimization problem which can be efficiently solved using available LMI techniques. Simulations are performed and the air-fuel ratio tracking performance of the switching LPV controller is compared with that of conventional controllers including, H∞ and LPV, as well as a novel adaptive controller. The switching LPV controller achieves improved performance over the complete operating range of the engine.
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Moon, Seung-Ryul. "Multiphase Isolated DC-DC Converters for Low-Voltage High-Power Fuel Cell Applications." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32442.

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Fuel cells provide a clean and highly efficient energy source for power generation; however, in order to efficiently utilize the energy from fuel cells, a power conditioning system is required. Typical fuel cell systems for stand-alone and utility grid-tied stationary power applications are found mostly with low nominal output voltages around 24 V and 48 V, and power levels are found to be 3 to 10 kW [1][2]. A power conditioning system for such applications generally consists of a dc-dc converter and a dc-ac inverter, and the dc-dc converter for low-voltage, high-power fuel cells must deal with a high voltage step-up conversion ratio and high input currents. Although many dc-dc converters have been proposed, most deal with high input voltage systems that focus on step-down applications, and such dc-dc converters are not suitable for low-voltage, high-power fuel cell applications. Multiphase isolated dc-dc converters offer several advantages that are very desirable in low-voltage, high-power fuel cell applications. First, a multiphase is constructed with paralleled phases, which increase power rating and current handling capability for high input current. Second, an interleaving control scheme produces a high operating frequency with a low switching frequency, and the high operating frequency reduces size of passive components. Thirdly, use of a transformer provides electrical isolation and a high conversion ratio. Lastly, several multiphase converters are capable of soft-switching operation, which increases converter efficiency. This thesis examines two highly efficient, soft-switching dc-dc converters that are targeted for fuel cell applications. The thesis also describes the convertersâ basic operating principles and analyzes performance for low-voltage, high-power fuel cell applications. 5-kW prototypes for each converter are built and tested with a fuel cell simulator. Experimental switching waveforms and efficiency profiles are shown to support the described basic principles and the analysis. Major features and differences between these two converters are also discussed.
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Swart, Dustin W. "The utilization of alternative fuels in the production of Portland cement." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/07M%20Theses/SWART_DUSTIN_26.pdf.

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Miwa, Hidekazu. "High-Efficiency Low-Voltage High-Current Power Stage Design Considerations for Fuel Cell Power Conditioning Systems." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42519.

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Fuel cells typically produce low-voltage high-current output because their individual cell voltage is low, and it is nontrivial to balance for a high-voltage stack. In addition, the output voltage of fuel cells varies depending on load conditions. Due to the variable low voltage output, the energy produced by fuel cells typically requires power conditioning systems to transform the unregulated source energy into more useful energy format. When evaluating power conditioning systems, efficiency and reliability are critical. The power conditioning systems should be efficient in order to prevent excess waste of energy. Since loss is dissipated as heat, efficiency directly affects system reliability as well. High temperatures negatively affect system reliability. Components are much more likely to fail at high temperatures. In order to obtain excellent efficiency and system reliability, low-voltage high-current power conditioning systems should be carefully designed. Low-voltage high-current systems require carefully designed PCB layouts and bus bars. The bus bar and PCB trace lengths should be minimized. Therefore, each needs to be designed with the other in mind. Excessive PCB and bus bar lengths can introduce parasitic inductances and resistances which are detrimental to system performance. In addition, thermal management is critical. High power systems must have sufficient cooling in order to maintain reliable operation. Many sources of loss exist for converters. For low-voltage high-current systems, conduction loss and switching loss may be significant. Other potential non-trivial sources of loss include magnetic losses, copper losses, contact and termination losses, skin effect losses, snubber losses, capacitor equivalent series resistance (ESR) losses, and body diode related losses. Many of the losses can be avoided by carefully designing the system. Therefore, in order to optimize efficiency, the designer should be aware of which components contribute significant amounts of loss. Loss analysis may be performed in order to determine the various sources of loss. The system efficiency can be improved by optimizing components that contribute the most loss. This thesis surveys some potential topologies suitable for low-voltage high-current systems. One low-voltage high-current system in particular is analyzed in detail. The system is called the V6, which consists of six phase legs, and is arranged as a three full-bridge phase-shift modulated converter to step-up voltage for distributed generation applications. The V6 converter has current handling requirements of up to 120A. Basic operation and performance is analyzed for the V6 converter. The loss within the V6 converter is modeled and efficiency is estimated. Calculations are compared with experimental results. Efficiency improvement through parasitic loss reduction is proposed by analyzing the losses of the V6 converter. Substantial power savings are confirmed with prototypes and experimental results. Loss analysis is utilized in order to obtain high efficiency with the V6 converter. Considerations for greater current levels of up to 400A are also discussed. The greater current handling requirements create additional system issues. When considering such high current levels, parallel devices or modules are required. Power stage design, layout, and bus bar issues due to the high current nature of the system are discussed.
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Books on the topic "Fuel switching"

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United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Transportation Technologies, ed. Comparative alternative/clean fuel provisions of the Clean Air Act and the Energy Policy Act. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Transportation Technologies, 1997.

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Thipse, S. S. Alternative fuels: Concepts, technologies and developments. Ahmedabad: Jaico Pub. House, 2010.

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United States. Department of Energy. Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. State alternative fuel laws & incentives. Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, 1995.

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United States. Office of Energy Markets and End Use, ed. Estimates of short-term petroleum fuel switching capability. Washington, DC: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 1989.

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Siblerud, Robert. Our future is hydrogen!: Energy, environment, and economy. Wellington, CO: New Science Publications, 2001.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance. Subcommittee on Taxation and IRS Oversight. Energy tax issues: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Taxation and IRS Oversight of the Committee on Finance, United States Senate, One Hundred Sixth Congress, second session, July 18, 2000. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2001.

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United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Transportation Technologies, ed. Domestic alternative fuel vehicle outlook. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Transportation Technologies, 1997.

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United States. Department of Energy. Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Domestic alternative fuel vehicle outlook. Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, 1995.

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Fundación Nacional para el Desarrlool, ed. Un vistazo a los biocombustibles en Centroamérica: Diez preguntas básicas. San Salvador: FUNDE, 2010.

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Guo, Charles C. How relative prices affect fuel use patterns in manufacturing: Plant-level evidence from Chile. Washington, D.C: The World Bank, Policy Research Dept., Public Economics Division, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fuel switching"

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Vaillencourt, Richard. "Fuel Switching." In Simple Solutions to Energy Calculations, 129–37. 6th ed. New York: River Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003207320-8.

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Sinha, Parikhit, and David M. Cass. "Tools for Carbon Management: Potential Carbon Footprint Reduction Through Fuel Switching." In Proceedings of the 2007 National Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, 227–31. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-88483-7_30.

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Danlami, Abubakar Hamid, and Shri Dewi Applanaidu. "Sustaining a Cleaner Environment by Curbing Down Biomass Energy Consumption." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1423–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_211.

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AbstractEnvironmental degradation, soil erosion, and desertification are some of the consequences of high rate of traditional biomass fuel use by households in developing countries. The critical issues to raise here are how can these households be encouraged to change their energy consumption behavior? What are the factors that cause the rampant use of biomass fuel in developing countries? How and to what extent can these factors be manipulated so that households in developing countries are encouraged to adopt clean energy fuel an alternative to the most widely used biomass fuel? Therefore, this chapter tries to find answer to the above questions raised, by carrying out an in depth analysis of households’ use of biomass fuel in developing countries using Bauchi State, Nigeria, as the case study. Cluster area sampling technique was utilized to generate the various responses, where a total number of 539 respondents were analyzed. The study estimated ordered logit model to analyze the factors that influence the movement of households along the energy ladder from nonclean energy to the cleaner energy. Furthermore, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) model was estimated to analyze the impacts of socio-economic, residential, and environmental factors on biomass energy consumption. It was found that age of the household head and his level of education, income, living in urban areas, home ownership, and hours of electricity supply have positive and significant impact on household energy switching from traditional biomass energy use to the cleaner energy. Therefore, policies that will enhance household income and the increase in the availability of cheap cleaner energy will encourage households switching to cleaner energy sources thereby reducing the level of environmental pollution in the study area.
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Danlami, Abubakar Hamid, and Shri Dewi Applanaidu. "Sustaining a Cleaner Environment by Curbing Down Biomass Energy Consumption." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42091-8_211-1.

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AbstractEnvironmental degradation, soil erosion, and desertification are some of the consequences of high rate of traditional biomass fuel use by households in developing countries. The critical issues to raise here are how can these households be encouraged to change their energy consumption behavior? What are the factors that cause the rampant use of biomass fuel in developing countries? How and to what extent can these factors be manipulated so that households in developing countries are encouraged to adopt clean energy fuel an alternative to the most widely used biomass fuel? Therefore, this chapter tries to find answer to the above questions raised, by carrying out an in depth analysis of households’ use of biomass fuel in developing countries using Bauchi State, Nigeria, as the case study. Cluster area sampling technique was utilized to generate the various responses, where a total number of 539 respondents were analyzed. The study estimated ordered logit model to analyze the factors that influence the movement of households along the energy ladder from nonclean energy to the cleaner energy. Furthermore, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) model was estimated to analyze the impacts of socio-economic, residential, and environmental factors on biomass energy consumption. It was found that age of the household head and his level of education, income, living in urban areas, home ownership, and hours of electricity supply have positive and significant impact on household energy switching from traditional biomass energy use to the cleaner energy. Therefore, policies that will enhance household income and the increase in the availability of cheap cleaner energy will encourage households switching to cleaner energy sources thereby reducing the level of environmental pollution in the study area.
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Yajima, Naonari, Toshi H. Arimura, and Taisuke Sadayuki. "Energy Consumption in Transition: Evidence from Facility-Level Data." In Economics, Law, and Institutions in Asia Pacific, 129–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6964-7_8.

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Abstract This chapter estimated the impact of the Tokyo emissions trading scheme (ETS) and Saitama ETS on energy consumption in the manufacturing sector using a facility-level panel data set compiled from the Current Survey of Energy Consumption, a nationwide survey on energy consumption conducted by the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy in Japan. To our knowledge, no study has used this rich data set to perform sophisticated econometric analyses. We found that the Tokyo ETS reduced electricity consumption by 16%. On the other hand, we did not find evidences of switching from dirty fossil fuel to cleaner fuel associated with the introduction of the Tokyo ETS. The impact of the Saitama ETS on energy consumption was not statistically confirmed based on our samples. Additional studies are needed to identify the different impacts of the ETSs between Tokyo and Saitama. We also found that Japan has been experiencing long-term decreasing trends in the number of manufacturing facilities and the volume of fossil fuel consumption, which may reduce Japanese CO2 emissions in the long run.
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Karvosenoja, N., P. Hillukkala, M. Johansson, and S. Syril. "Cost-Effective Abatement of Acidifying Emissions with Flue Gas Cleaning Vs. Fuel Switching in Finland." In Acid rain 2000, 1619–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0810-5_117.

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Guo, Mengdi, Zhonghao Zhang, Zhonghao Yu, Siyue Yao, Diankai Qiu, and Linfa Peng. "Dynamic Gas Control Strategy for Mode Switching in a Proton Exchange Membrane Unitized Regenerative Fuel Cell." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 157–68. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4360-7_14.

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Muratov, A. V., and V. V. Lyashenko. "Design Features of Switching Diesel Engines to the Gas-Diesel Operation Using Natural Gas as a Fuel." In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Industrial Engineering, 60–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14125-6_7.

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Bogert, G. A. "4×4 Ti:LiNbO3 Switch Array with Full Broadcast Capability." In Photonic Switching, 67–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73388-8_11.

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Pravin, P. S., Ravindra D. Gudi, and Sharad Bhartiya. "Dynamic Analysis of an Integrated Reformer-Membrane-Fuel Cell System with a Battery Backup and Switching Controller for Automotive Applications." In Control Instrumentation Systems, 1–11. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9419-5_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fuel switching"

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Ordonez, Martin, and John E. Quaicoe. "Techniques for efficiency gains in soft switching full-bridge Fuel Cell power conversion." In 2010 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecce.2010.5618435.

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Zhiyi, Zhou, Niu Haoming, Guo Wenke, Yu Meng, Wang Yongnian, and Cui Lixin. "The Switching Time Research of BLDCM for Fuel Pump." In 2018 2nd IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ei2.2018.8582488.

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Kainz, Jeff L., and James C. Smith. "Individual Cylinder Fuel Control with a Switching Oxygen Sensor." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-0546.

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Yang, Zhen, and Yan Wang. "Switching Control Strategy Study of Dual-fuel Gas Turbine." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icma52036.2021.9512732.

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Hu, Yiran, Sai S. V. Rajagopalan, Stephen Yurkovich, and Yann Guezennec. "System Identification for Air/Fuel Ratio Modeling Using Switching Sensors." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42377.

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Modeling the internal combustion engine for air-to-fuel ratio (AFR) control has been widely studied and several methodologies have been adopted toward the end goal of applying model based control schemes. In this paper, an online binary sensor identification (BID) technique using switching sensors is adopted for modeling the response from fuel input to AFR output of a spark-ignited, internal combustion engine, to be used in AFR control. In general terms, the algorithm identifies the impulse response of a linear time invariant (LTI) system by choosing an optimal sequence of inputs. The entire modeling process is done online with a four-cylinder engine in a test cell, using typical production switching sensors. Finite impulse response (FIR) linear time invariant (LTI) models are identified at prescribed operating points of the engine (specified by engine speed and the manifold air pressure). The validity of the resulting model is then tested on separate data streams with AFR measured from a wide-range sensor output. By scheduling the coefficients of the FIR models based on the operating condition, it is possible to identify a linear parameter varying AFR model for the appropriate operating regions of the engine.
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Krenus, Roberto G., and Herbert L. Costa. "Individual Cylinder Fuel Control Application with a Switching Oxygen Sensor." In SAE Brasil 2010 Congress and Exhibit. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2010-36-0028.

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Padmawansa, Nisitha, Kosala Gunawardane, and Nihal Kularatna. "PEM Fuel Cell Equivalent Circuit Estimation Using Current Switching Techniques." In 2023 IEEE International Conference on Energy Technologies for Future Grids (ETFG). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/etfg55873.2023.10407741.

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Efimov, Denis V., Hosein Javaherian, and Vladimir O. Nikiforov. "Switching control of air-fuel ratio in spark ignition engines." In 2010 American Control Conference (ACC 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2010.5530519.

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Kreutzer, Otto, Bernd Eckardt, and Martin Marz. "Unidirectional fast switching non-isolated 100 kW fuel cell boost converter." In 2014 16th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'14-ECCE Europe). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/epe.2014.6910797.

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Harun, Nor Farida, David Tucker, and Thomas A. Adams. "Fuel Composition Transients in Fuel Cell Turbine Hybrid for Polygeneration Applications." In ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with the ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2014-6509.

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Transient impacts on the performance of solid oxide fuel cell / gas turbine (SOFC/GT) hybrid systems were investigated using hardware-in-the-loop simulations (HiLS) at a test facility located at the U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory. The work focused on applications relevant to polygeneration systems which require significant fuel flexibility. Specifically, the dynamic response of implementing a sudden change in fuel composition from syngas to methane was examined. The maximum range of possible fuel composition allowable within the constraints of carbon deposition in the SOFC and stalling/surging of the turbine compressor system was determined. It was demonstrated that the transient response was significantly impact the fuel cell dynamic performance, which mainly drives the entire transient in SOFC/GT hybrid systems. This resulted in severe limitations on the allowable methane concentrations that could be used in the final fuel composition when switching from syngas to methane. Several system performance parameters were analyzed to characterize the transient impact over the course of two hours from the composition change.
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Reports on the topic "Fuel switching"

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Bailey, Jed. Inter-Fuel Competition in Electricity Generation. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009094.

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This study compares the levelized cost of electricity generated with fossil fuels (including coal, natural gas, fuel oil, and diesel) and renewable or carbon-free energy sources (including hydro, wind, solar, nuclear and geothermal). A meta-study of power generation technology capital costs determined the range of capital costs across the various technologies as well as the range of cost estimates for each individual technology from the various data sources that were examined. Applying these capital costs to a range of operating assumption (such as fuel price and plant utilization rate) resulted in a range of levelized cost of electricity for each technology. In addition, the study examined how the cost of electricity was affected by applying a cost for CO2 emissions and a cost to build new transmission infrastructure to link the power plant in question to the national grid. Finally, the study examined the potential investment cost and benefits in reducing CO2 emissions and levelized costs of electricity by repowering existing thermal power plants or switching high-carbon fuels to lower carbon alternatives. This analysis included two case studies: repowering an older natural-gas fired combustion turbine unit in Peru and repowering and fuel switching an oil-fired steam turbine unit to natural gas in Nicaragua.
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Jain, Ramesh C., Keith Jamison, and Daniel E. Thomas. Identifying Opportunities and Impacts of Fuel Switching in the Industrial Sector. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1218735.

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Hattrup, M. P., R. T. Nordi, and D. L. Ivey. 1985 primary heating fuel use and switching: Assessment of the market for conservation in the Northwest: Phase 2. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6185723.

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Kang, S. G. Compliance Advisor: development of software tools for fuel switching/blending to meet sulfur dioxide regulations at coal-fired power plants. Final report, February 18, 1993 - July 17, 1995. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10201264.

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Yılmaz, Fatih. Understanding the Dynamics of the Renewable Energy Transition: The Determinants and Future Projections Under Different Scenarios. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2021-dp25.

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The global energy system’s current structure has severe environmental consequences that necessitate an urgent transformation toward more sustainable alternatives. Besides many available mitigation actions, such as enhancing energy efficiency, deploying nuclear energy, switching fuels and adopting carbon capture technologies, renewable energy (RE) has been the most widely applied one in many countries, especially for the power sector. The average country-level share of non-hydroelectric renewable energy (NhRE) in power generation rose sixfold over the last two decades, from less than 1% in 2000 to roughly 6% in 2018. Despite its wide application, significant heterogeneity exists in the RE transition across countries.
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Manufacturing fuel-switching capability, 1988. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5209044.

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Puget Sound Area Electric Reliability Plan. Appendix D, Conservation, Load Management and Fuel Switching Analysis : Draft Environmental Impact Statement. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10102691.

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