Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia'
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Cortázar-Mueller, Martin. "Déficit democrático Causa y consecuencia del conflicto armado en Colombia /." St. Gallen, 2005. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01656214001/$FILE/01656214001.pdf.
Full textTERZI, CINZIA. "Il processo di pace tra il Governo di Juan Manuel Santos e le Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC-Ep) (2010-2016)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1278106.
Full textAfter having reviewed the main stages of Colombia's history from its independence to the present, the research focuses on the study of the peace process between the Santos Government and the FARC-EP, which put an end to a long and bloody civil war lasting more than fifty years. For decades the different presidents have tried to end this dramatic military conflict through dialogue, but without success. With the arrival of Juan Manuel Santos as president, the problem of peace returns to the centre of political life. Despite being more difficult than expected, negotiations started in 2012 and ended at the end of 2016. The research reconstructs the salient phases of the last peace process by identifying the different actors involved and their relationships, analysing the objectives and strategies used, and the agreements reached with particular attention to the theme of transitional justice and the role of the Colombian Church and Pope Francis. After the necessary bibliographical analysis to understand the context in which the negotiations took place, the research work was carried out by analysing different types of sources in addition to the existing literature: documents published by the Colombian government on the current peace process and the results achieved, articles published in the local and international press that provide a fundamental account of the peace process between the Santos government and the FARC-EP, interviews with main actors and witnesses to the negotiations, and unpublished primary sources.
Bonilla, Montenegro Julián Darío. "Participación de las Comunidades Epistémicas en la Conformación del Acuerdo de Víctimas en el Marco de Justicia Transicional entre el Gobierno Colombiano y las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673917.
Full text¿Com es va construir el model de justícia transicional durant les negociacions entre el Govern colombià i les Forces Armades Revolucionàries de Colòmbia -Exèrcit del Poble- (FARC-EP)? ¿Qui van tenir capacitat d'incidència en la construcció del model transicional durant aquest procés de negociació? ¿Quines són les conseqüències i efectes d'aquest model? A través d'un mètode sintètic es treballarà al voltant de la participació de la comunitat epistèmica, referenciada en la subcomissió de Justícia Transicional (JT), per a poder identificar la seva incidència en la construcció del model de JT que es va configurar en l'escenari colombià durant les negociacions efectuades entre el 2012 i el 2016. Es farà una revisió teòrica sobre les grans categories -JT i comunitats epistèmiques-, així com una exploració històrica sobre el conflicte a Colòmbia i els processos de negociació, per a finalitzar amb els processos específics generats dins de la subcomissió de JT i les condicions analítiques posterior a la seva aprovació i expedició. Es conclou que la participació de la comunitat epistèmica va generar un procés d'organització que va permetre la configuració d'un sistema transicional d'acord amb les exigències internacionals i nacionals al voltant de la JT, la qual cosa facilita la seva vinculació a processos de caràcter local.
How was the transitional justice model built during the negotiations between the Colombian Government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia -People's Army- (Spanish, FARC- EP)? Who could influence the construction of the transitional model during this negotiation process? What are the consequences and effects of this model? Through a synthetic method, we will work around the participation of the epistemic community, referenced in the Transitional Justice (Spanish, JT) subcommittee, to be able to identify its incidence in the construction of the JT model that was configured in the Colombian scenario during the negotiations. carried out between 2012 and 2016. There will be a theoretical review about the major categories -JT and epistemic communities-, as well as a historical exploration of the conflict in Colombia and the negotiation processes, to end with the specific processes generated within the JT subcommittee and the analytical conditions after its approval and issuance. It is concluded that the participation of the epistemic community generated an organizational process that allowed the configuration of a transitional system following the international and national demands around the JT, which facilitates its link to processes of a glocal nature.
Calcetero, Gutiérrez José Roberto. "Capacidades humanas en el AETCR de Tierra Grata: El caso de exintegrantes de las fuerzas armadas revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC-EP) en el proceso de reincorporación a la vida civil." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.6035/14115.2022.727238.
Full textPrograma de Doctorat en Desenvolupament Local i Cooperació Internacional
De, Los Ríos Sebastián. "La pax extractiva y el conflicto socioambiental en Colombia." Conexión, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/114682.
Full textEl gobierno de Colombia y las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC) han suscrito los acuerdos que presagian una era de “paz” para el país. Si bien el fin del enfrentamiento armado trae consigo muchas oportunidades, plantea a su vez muchos retos. La firma de los acuerdos de paz no constituye una garantía para evitar la intensificación del conflicto en algunas regiones. Las dinámicas de diálogo y concertación de las mesas de negociación de La Habana deben replicarse en los territorios que otrora fueron dominados por las FARC si no se quiere incrementar el conflicto, particularmente el socioambiental. El mejoramiento de las condiciones de seguridad que derivan del cese al fuego entre ambos bandos se ha mostrado propicio para el desarrollo de actividades extractivas en territorios donde hasta hace poco estuvieron vedadas. El reciente dinamismo del sector minero energético coincide con el escalamiento del conflicto socioambiental en numerosos territorios del país. Ante esta situación, la promoción del desarrollo por el Estado colombiano constituye un complejo desafío en el contexto de construcción de la paz.
Cárdenas, Sarrias José Armando [Verfasser]. "En Bogotá nos pillamos. La vida-escuela de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia - Ejército del Pueblo (Farc-EP) a través de sus cuatro generaciones 1950–2018 / José Armando Cárdenas Sarrias." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1197137831/34.
Full textDziura, Irina. "Intégration communautaire des populations marginalisées par le conflit interne colombien en milieu rural caribéen, 2016-2019." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68748.
Full textFor more than fifty years, Colombia has experienced an internal conflict with broad repercussions affecting the entire country. This conflict, opposing the government and the main guerilla group in the country, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, People's Army (FARC-ep), has resulted in the displacement of a large number of people, living in rural areas or in precarious situations. There are many flaws in the implementation of the peace agreements signed in2016, both from an economic, political and social point of view. Apart from the fact that the sustainability of the communities of FARC-ep veterans is uncertain, it is possible to observe that the civilian populations also find themselves victims of the failure of the agreements since these were also intended to be beneficial to them. The question this research attempts to answer is: How can the vulnerable population groups in Colombia participate in their own sustainable settlement at the level of their community, environments and individuals? Analysis methods field data in the Caribe region include discourse and content analysis. The analysis enabled to understand, at least in part, that national and subnational government bodies fail, due to a lack of involvement, decentralization of power and the desire to promote citizen participation, to put in place the democratic foundations for the maintenance of peace and the reintegration of ex-combatants into the fabric of Colombian rural and urban society.
Durante más de cincuenta años, Colombia ha experimentado un conflicto armado interno con varias repercusiones en todo el país. Este conflicto, al oponerse el gobierno a la principal guerrilla del país, las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia, Ejército Popular (FARC-ep), resultó el desplazamiento de una gran cantidad de personas, que viven en zonas rurales o en situaciones precarias. La implementación de los acuerdos de paz de 2016 ha conocido muchas fallas, desde el punto de vista económico, político o social. Aparte el facto que la durabilidad de las comunidades de los veteranos de las FARC-ep es incierto, es posible de observar que las poblaciones civiles en este país están también victimas del fracaso de los acuerdos ya que también se pretendía beneficiarlos. La cuestión de investigación a la que esta investigación intenta de responder es: En que las poblaciones vulnerables de Colombia pueden participar a sus propios establecimientos sostenible al nivel de sus comunidades, de los medios y de los individuos. Los métodos de análisis de datos de campo en la región del Caribe incluyen análisis de contenido y discurso. El análisis permitió comprender, al menos en parte, que los órganos de gobierno nacional y subnacional fracasan, por falta de implicación, descentralización del poder y la voluntad de promover la participación ciudadana, para sentar las bases democráticas para el mantenimiento de la paz y la reintegración de los excombatientes al tejido de la sociedad rural y urbana colombiana.
González, Mojica Johanna María. "Les FARC et la lutte pour la reconnaissance : aspects symboliques, émotionnels, moraux et identitaires de la violence armée en Colombie." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR40042/document.
Full textThe armed confrontation in Colombia is characterized by its duration, intensity and complexity. FARC is one of the main actors of this war. The study of the Colombian guerrilla from the perspective of Axel Honneth's theory, the struggle for recognition, allows us to take into account the role of recognition needs, as expressed by this group and his members, in the conflict evolution. Guerrilla violence plunges its roots into denials of recognition in the spheres of love (ill-treatment of children, domestic violence, exactions by armed groups), of rights (denial of rights, exclusion) and solidarity (denigration, insult). The FARC’s struggle for recognition gradually change over time depending on new variables, like drug trafficking, and the interactions with other actors (government, civil populations, etc.) passing from a struggle for dignity and equality to a struggle for status and the assertion of idealized identities
Tarrant, Shane L. "Are the Guerrillas Gone? a historical political economy and social analysis of the rise and demise of the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias Columbianas (FARC), 1964-2010." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/4424.
Full textThis thesis looks at how the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) was able to survive and control significant parts of Colombia until relatively recently. It also explains the decline of the FARC as a significant insurgency (and as one of the last, if not the last significant guerrilla organization in the region). While a historical political economy and social analysis of the rise and demise of the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias Colombianas (FARC) between 1964 and 2010 tells us a great deal about the modern nation-state of Colombia, we also ask what the history and contemporary character of Colombia tells us about the rise and fall of the FARC?. More specifically, what are the future prospects for the FARC? Are the guerrillas gone? Furthermore, what are the implications of the decline of the FARC for Colombian politics? Finally, what are the Counterinsurgency (COIN) and other policy lessons, for Colombia and beyond, which we can derive from a thorough assessment of the rise and apparent demise of the FARC as a major guerrilla organization? We conclude that the dramatic weakening of the FARC in Colombia is part of a wider trend in the region. Despite the continued presence of social inequality and uneven economic development, the general opening of the political process in Colombia and elsewhere combined with the success of various counterinsurgency campaigns and/or the self-destruction of some insurgencies marks the dawn of a new era. Colombia is ultimately an example of the fact that major insurgency and counterinsurgency operations may have passed permanently from the Latin American stage.
Castano, Arturo Herrera, and Shane L. Tarrant. "Are the Guerrillas Gone?: a historical political economy and social analysis of the rise and demise of the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias Columbianas (FARC), 1964-2010." Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10390.
Full textThis thesis looks at how the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) was able to survive and control significant parts of Colombia until relatively recently. It also explains the decline of the FARC as a significant insurgency (and as one of the last, if not the last significant guerrilla organization in the region). While a historical political economy and social analysis of the rise and demise of the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias Colombianas (FARC) between 1964 and 2010 tells us a great deal about the modern nation-state of Colombia, we also ask what the history and contemporary character of Colombia tells us about the rise and fall of the FARC?. More specifically, what are the future prospects for the FARC? Are the guerrillas gone? Furthermore, what are the implications of the decline of the FARC for Colombian politics? Finally, what are the Counterinsurgency (COIN) and other policy lessons, for Colombia and beyond, which we can derive from a thorough assessment of the rise and apparent demise of the FARC as a major guerrilla organization? We conclude that the dramatic weakening of the FARC in Colombia is part of a wider trend in the region. Despite the continued presence of social inequality and uneven economic development, the general opening of the political process in Colombia and elsewhere combined with the success of various counterinsurgency campaigns and/or the self-destruction of some insurgencies marks the dawn of a new era. Colombia is ultimately an example of the fact that major insurgency and counterinsurgency operations may have passed permanently from the Latin American stage.
Castano, Arturo Herrera Tarrant Shane L. "Are the Guerrillas Gone? a historical political economy and social analyslis of the rise and demise of the Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias Columbianas (FARC), 1964-2010 /." Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Dec/09Dec%5FCastano.pdf.
Full textThesis Advisor(s): Berger, Marcos (Mark T.). Second Reader: Porch, Douglas. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 26, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, FARC (Spanish Acronym), Auto Defense Forces of Colombia, AUC (Spanish Acronym), Government of Colombia, GOC, U.S. policy, illicit drugs, demobilization, Colombian Military, Colombian National Police, Colombian Political system. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-79). Also available in print.
Fernández, Ossorio Andrés Eduardo. "Los Oficiales de las Fuerzas Militares de Colombia del siglo XXI: un análisis de la identidad militar desde la percepción de sus líderes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670827.
Full textLa identitat militar dels membres de les Forces Militars de Colòmbia (FFMM) és un dels aspectes menys explorats en la literatura especialitzada, en particular, en els camps de la ciència política, la sociologia militar i la ciència de l'administració. Si bé les FFMM s'han mantingut com la institució amb l'índex més alt de favorabilitat a Colòmbia durant les últimes dues dècades, el desconeixement del que significa ser militar per part dels ciutadans ha impedit un millor enteniment de les institucions castrenses i els seus integrants, la qual cosa ha afectat les relacions entre civils i militars, la governabilitat de l'Estat i l'enfortiment de la democràcia. Davant d'aquesta problemàtica, la present investigació busca oferir certes solucions des de la perspectiva de la ciència política, a partir de l’anàlisi de la identitat militar dels oficials de les FFMM colombianes de segle XXI en tres àmbits: (1) els seus trets sociodemogràfics (el seu lloc de procedència, estratificació econòmica, creences religioses i tendències endogàmiques), (2) la seva visió sobre el que significa per a ells ser militar (motius per ingressar a la carrera militar, les qualitats i virtuts castrenses, la seva posició davant el risc de mort i la seva opinió sobre els estímuls professionals, el corporativisme i el prestigi de les FFMM) i (3) la seva idoneïtat professional (formació militar i formació no castrense, la seva concepció de la política, les institucions i moviments socials, la seva tendència ideològica i el seu enteniment de els valors ciutadans). Per a tal fi, es van examinar les opinions de 273 oficials de l'Exèrcit, l'Armada i la Força Aèria que van avançar el Curs d'Estat Major a l'Escola Superior de Guerra "General Rafael Reis Prieto" com a requisit per ser promoguts a el grau de tinent coronel o capità de Fragata. La informació obtinguda també es va confrontar en certs aspectes amb les percepcions de 1.120 cadets, futurs oficials de l'Exèrcit, de l'Escola Militar de Cadets "General José María Córdova". A més de permetre la identificació, en major profunditat, dels orígens i perspectives dels oficials, aquest treball contribueix a l'enfortiment de l'enllaç harmònic entre civils i militars, així com a enfortir la democràcia en un país llargament afectat per un conflicte armat intern.
The military identity of the members of the Colombian Armed Forces (FFMM) is one of the least studied aspects in academic literature, especially, in the fields of political science, military sociology and management science. Although, during the past two decades, the FFMM have maintained their status as an institution with the highest degree of approval in Colombia, the citizens’ lack of knowledge as far as the meaning of being a military woman/man is concerned has precluded the society from gaining a better understanding of the military institutions and its members. This, therefore, had a negative impact on the civil-military relations as well as the governance of the State and strengthening of democracy. In light of this problem, this research seeks to offer specific solution from the political science perspective by analyzing the military identity of the 21st century Colombian FFMM officers with an emphasis on three areas: (1) their sociodemographic features (their place of origin, economic stratification, religious beliefs and endogamic patterns); (2) their view of what it means for them to be a military woman/man (reasons to join the military, military qualities and virtues, their position in relation to the risk of death and their opinion on professional stimuli, corporatism and prestige of the FFMM); and (3) their professional suitability (military and non-military training, their perception of politics, institutions and social movements, their ideological orientation and their understanding of citizen values). To this end, the thesis examines 273 opinions pertaining to the officers from the Army, Navy and Air Force who completed the General Staff Course at the Colombian War College (Escuela Superior de Guerra “General Rafael Reyes Prieto”) as a requirement for promotion to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel or Navy Commander. The data obtained was also verified to a certain degree with the perceptions of 1.120 cadets, future officers of the Army, from the Colombian Army Military Academy (Escuela Militar de Cadetes “General José María Córdova”). In addition to identifying with greater depth the origins and perspectives of the officers, this thesis contributes to strengthening both the link between the civilians and the military and democracy in a country largely affected by an internal armed conflict.
VILLOTA, Jose Maria de Jesus Izquierdo. "Meninos não choram:- a formação do habitus guerreiro nas FARC-EP." http://www.teses.ufc.br, 2006. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/1280.
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No presente trabalho, mediante o uso de alguns subsídios conceituais de teóricos como Norbert Elias, Hannah Arendt, Georg Simmel, Michel Foucault e Pierre Bourdieu, abordo a temática da formação do habitus guerreiro das FARC-EP. Desejo perceber, através das nuanças da interação social, as mudanças que se dão na vida dos homens e mulheres que integram esse grupo guerrilheiro. No meio da guerra contra o Estado, é minha pretensão, neste trabalho, mostrar a maneira através da qual os guerrilheiros das FARC-EP incorporam características peculiares do habitus guerreiro, que lhes permite possuir um diferencial bastante evidente no que tange aos sentimentos e ao comportamento humano. Dessa forma, quero apresentar minha percepção em dois momentos investigativos: Nos dois primeiros capítulos, meu olhar será direcionado ao grupo, enquanto, nos três capítulos restantes, minha pretensão é perceber o processo pelo qual esse habitus guerreiro do grupo se instila nos membros que o conformam. O “corpo temático” deste trabalho foi estruturado da seguinte maneira: No capítulo I, a partir dos conflitos agrários de luta pela terra entre camponeses assalariados e latifundiários, tentarei mostrar como se dá o processo de configuração do habitus guerreiro de grupos de autodefesa camponesa que, posteriormente, constituirão a base social das FARC-EP. No capítulo II, quero elucidar sobre o habitus guerreiro como um traço coletivo da guerrilha, cuja formação foi possível através da vida nômade, das coações externas advindas das constantes ameaças inimigas e das coações internas promovidas pela aplicação de um Regime Disciplinar. No capitulo III, abordando algumas ações coletivas, quero problematizar a perda da individualidade no acontecer da guerra revolucionaria, em que a identidade pessoal se dilui diante do aparecimento das características do grupo. O uso de diversos artifícios como a máscara, a mudança do nome, a ruptura dos vínculos sociais com pessoas alheias à organização, a prioridade atribuída aos interesses e aspirações do coletivo, articulam um processo social de transformação da personalidade dos guerrilheiros. No Capitulo IV quero avistar a vivência dos sentimentos de forma a ajustá-los a esse tipo de vida coletiva que decorre no meio do conflito armado colombiano. Inquieta-me saber como os guerrilheiros desenvolvem sua afetividade na interação homem/mulher, como vivem o vínculo com a família, como controlam o medo e, principalmente, como desenvolvem sentimentos que são característicos do grupo, como a desconfiança de tudo e a fidelidade à organização. No capítulo V, abordo a incidência da vida nômade, do rigor militar e da disposição para o combate no processo de construção da corporeidade dos guerrilheiros. Nesse capítulo, tentarei destacar o processo de disciplinarização da sexualidade, assim como também o condicionamento corporal para que os guerrilheiros sejam capazes de opor resistência ao cansaço, a condições climáticas adversas e aos demais apelos da própria estrutura biológica humana como a fome, o sono e a dor física.
"Terrorist waves and corresponding terrorist groups: a comparative analysis of the IRA, FARC and AL QAEDA." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/1371.
Full textFor the past 135 years, four waves of terrorism have arisen. Sparked by various circumstances, the Anarchist, Anti-Colonial, New Left and Religious Waves have plagued the international system. Emerging from these waves are five types of terrorist groups, namely national-separatists, social revolutionaries, religious fundamentalists, religious extremists and right wing groups. Terrorism is therefore not a new phenomenon, but the events of recent years have reflected a dramatic change in its scale and destruction. The 11 September 2001 attacks have precipitated a swell in terrorist literature, especially in the field of counter-terrorism strategy. However, sufficient in-depth analysis of individual terrorist groups remains lacking. In an effort to better understand the workings of terrorism, this study presents a comparative analysis of three terrorist groups originating in three consecutive and overlapping waves of terror. The groups are the Irish Republican Army (IRA), Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), and Al Qaeda. This study investigates the similarities and differences between the groups and addresses specific aspects of terrorist group analysis, which are important tools of clarification. The “why” of the group is reflected in its historical and socio-political context. The “what” and “how” are explained through the group’s organisation, characteristics and operational methods. Terrorists cannot operate in a vacuum and consequently the actors affecting the groups are also explored. Finally, international responses to the IRA, FARC and Al Qaeda are examined in an effort to determine whether these reactions have any impact on the workings of the groups. A main finding of the study is that despite overt differences there are many underlying similarities between the IRA, FARC and Al Qaeda and although terrorism is dynamic, common indicators do exist that may aid efforts to counter it. If the international community or indeed individual states are to combat terrorist activity, their principal objective should be to understand the terrorist’s background, ambitions and means. The present inquiry is designed with these aspects in mind and is intended to contribute to the field.
Prof. D.J. Geldenhuys
González, Arango Nicolás. "La Reterritorialización de Excombatientes de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia-Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP) en un Territorio Ancestral Indígena Nasa. Diálogos hacia una Paz Territorial." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/46130.
Full textIn this research I study, through the scope of Haesbaert’s (2011) des-re-territorialization theory, the reincorporation of former guerrilla FARC members in the Nasa indigenous territory of Caldono. My main objective is to analyze the FARC’s reterritorialization strategy in the Nasa indigenous territory. To this end, I first seek to understand the economic, political and cultural aspects of the territoriality processes of three main actors present in the Territorial Space for Capacitation and Reincorporation (ETCR) and its surroundings: the Nasa indigenous people, the former FARC fighters, and the Colombian State. From the standpoint of an intercultural perspective, I analyze the different present and past exchanges, dialogues, and encounters between these actors to determine if exists a superposition of territorialities and if so, where the possible points of encounter and dis-encounter between take place. Thence, my research seeks to determine the elements that make Caldono a successful case and a point of reference for other processes of reterritorialization in the country. Through multiple research methods, including participant observation, semi-structured interviews, surveys, and social cartography, this research finds that there is great continuity in the encounters between indigenous and FARC territorialities in the everyday spaces and also in those associated with the processes of the indigenous authorities. However, the research unveils also some disencounters, namely around the territorial strategy of the cooperative Coomeep, presented as a supra-organism that seeks to participate in the territory’s public and private life. The dis-encounters have to do with two main points: i) economically, with the hyperintensive and monoculture nature of the productive projects proposed by the FARC; and ii) politically, with the fact that during the municipal elections of 2018 the FARC party did not maintain its alliance with the MAIS party. The research reveals that the dis-encounters between the State and the other two actors’ territorialities find roots in the State’s conception of territorial security and control, which are based on the militarization of the territory and on the historical debt the State has with the indigenous reserves of recognizing them legally as territorial entities. In conclusion, the thesis points out that despite the inconsistencies between the different constructions of territoriality, the territorial institutionalism of Caldono’s indigenous authorities and the attitudes and practices of the former FARC members have allowed for the establishment of a peace infrastructure under which the three actors considered, each one with heterogeneous interests, can come together and reach consensus to build new spaces that lead to territorial harmony and peace.
Nesta pesquisa estudo a reincorporação dos excombatentes das FARC-EP no território indígena Nasa de Caldono, à luz da teoria da des-re-territorialização proposta por Haesbaert (2011). O meu objetivo principal é analisar a estratégia de reterritorialização no território indígena proposta pelos excombatentes das FARC-EP. Para isto, procuro compreender primeiro a territorialidade em termos económicos, políticos y culturais de três dos principais atores presentes nas imediações e no interior do Espaço Territorial de Capacitação e Reincorporação (ETCR): o povo indígena Nasa, os excombatentes das FARC-EP e o Estado colombiano. Depois, partindo duma perspectiva intercultural, analiso os diferentes intercâmbios, diálogos e encontros passados e presentes entre estes três atores para determinar se existe uma sobreposição de territorialidades e perceber onde estão os possíveis pontos de encontro e desencontro entre estas. Com isto, a minha pesquisa pretende determinar quais podem ser os elementos que fazem de Caldono um caso de sucesso e um ponto de referência para outros processos de reterritorialização no pais. Através de várias ferramentas de pesquisa como a observação participante, as entrevistas semiestruturadas, os inquéritos e a cartografia social, esta pesquisa evidencia a existência de uma grande fluidez nos encontros entre territorialidades indígenas e farianas nos espaços cotidianos e aqueles associados aos processos desenvolvidos pelas autoridades indígenas; contudo, verifica-se a ocorrência de desencontros em torno da estratégia territorial da cooperativa Coomeep, apresentada como um supraorganismo que procura participar na vida privada e pública do território. Os desencontros têm que ver sobretudo com a natureza hiperintensiva e de monocultura dos projetos produtivos propostos pelo coletivo FARC (domínio económico) e com o fato de não se ter mantido uma aliança entre o partido FARC e o partido MAIS durante as eleições municipais de 2018 (domínio político). Os desencontros com o Estado estão associados à sua concepção de segurança e controle territorial baseada na militarização do território e com a dívida histórica que tem para com os resguardos indígenas devido ao facto de não os reconhecer legalmente como entidades territoriais. Em conclusão, este trabalho evidencia que, apesar dos desencontros existentes, a institucionalidade territorial das autoridades indígenas de Caldono e as atitudes e práticas dos excombatentes das FARC-EP têm permitido estabelecer uma infraestrutura para a paz sob a qual os diferentes atores aqui estudados, cada um com interesses heterogêneos, podem encontrar-se e atingir consensos para construir espaços novos que levem a uma verdadeira convivência e paz territorial.
Haratsaris, Elena. "L'État inachevé colombien et le processus de paix du président Andrés Pastrana." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3542/1/M11630.pdf.
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