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1
Zhou, Mei. "Characterisation of metal contact surfaces and structural-dynamics design and analysis of a micro-stamping machine." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2011. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15660.
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Saha, Tanmoy. "Design, fabrication, and complementary metal-oxide- semiconductor (CMOS) integration of micro-electro- mechanical systems (MEMS) humidity sensors." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114228.
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The design, microfabrication, and CMOS integration of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) capacitive humidity sensors are presented in this work. Theoretical analysis and simulations were done to understand how sensor performance can be optimized. While CoventorWare was used for steady-state simulations, a MATLAB simulation model, based on the mathematics of moisture adsorption and diffusion, was developed for dynamic simulations. The sensors were fabricated using a process flow that has a low thermal budget (≤ 300 ○C), as well as material and chemical compatibility with IC fabrication, allowing it to support monolithic integration with CMOS circuitry for system-on-chip (SoC) designs. The fabricated sensors were tested using both deliquescent calibration salts and a humidity / temperature chamber, providing results that were used to compare the performance of various sensor designs. These experimental results, along with the simulation results, were used to devise and justify a design methodology for MEMS capacitive relative humidity sensors. The sensors showed high sensitivity over a large dynamic range, response times as fast as 1.5 seconds, and excellent long term drift as low as 0.1 %RH/year. The humidity sensors were fabricated on top of CMOS dies (TIA - transimpedance amplifier) obtained from Texas Instruments to demonstrate the capability of full monolithic integration of the MEMS sensors and IC. A very convenient and versatile methodology was reported and used for integrating the MEMS sensors above IC dies of any size. Test results show that the performance of the TIA is unaffected by the integration, while the MEMS sensors grown on top of the TIA are fully functional, thereby validating the integration procedure used and the IC-compatibility of the MEMS humidity sensor process flow.La conception, le microfabrication, et l'intégration de CMOS des sondes capacitives micro-électro-mécaniques d'humidité des systèmes (MEMS) sont présentés dans ce travail. L'analyse et les simulations théoriques ont été faites pour comprendre comment l'exécution de sonde peut être optimisée. Tandis que CoventorWare était employé pour des simulations équilibrées, un modèle de simulation de MATLAB, basé sur les mathématiques de l'adsorption et de la diffusion d'humidité, a été développé pour des simulations dynamiques. Les sondes ont été fabriquées en utilisant un écoulement de processus qui a un bas budget thermique (○C de ≤ 300), comme la compatibilité de matériel et de produit chimique avec la fabrication d'IC, lui permettant de soutenir l'intégration monolithique avec des circuits de CMOS pour des conceptions du système-sur-puce (SoC). Les sondes fabriquées ont été examinées en utilisant les deux sels déliquescents de calibrage et une chambre d'humidité/température, fournissant les résultats qui ont été employés pour comparer l'exécution de la diverse sonde conçoit. Ces résultats expérimentaux, avec les résultats de simulation, ont été employés pour concevoir et justifier une méthodologie de conception pour les sondes capacitives d'humidité relative de MEMS. Les sondes montrées la sensibilité élevée au-dessus d'une gamme dynamique étendue, des temps de réponse plus rapidement que 1.5 seconde, et d'une excellente dérive à long terme aussi basse que 0.1 % RH/year. Les sondes d'humidité ont été fabriquées sur les matrices de CMOS (TIA - amplificateur de transimpedance) obtenues à partir de Texas Instruments pour démontrer les possibilités de la pleine intégration monolithique des sondes et de l'IC de MEMS. Une méthodologie très commode et souple a été rapportée et employée pour intégrer les sondes de MEMS au-dessus des matrices d'IC de n'importe quelle taille. Les résultats d'essai prouvent que l'exécution du TIA est inchangée par l'intégration, alors que les sondes de MEMS développées sur le TIA sont entièrement fonctionnelles, validant de ce fait le procédé d'intégration utilisé et l'IC-compatibilité de l'écoulement de processus de sonde d'humidité de MEMS.
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Tang, Wei 1976. "High-speed parallel optical receivers." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103298.
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Parallel optical interconnects (POI) have attracted a great deal of attention in the past two decades as the system bandwidth continues to increase. Optical interconnects are known to have more advantages than their electrical counterparts in many aspects such as crosstalk, bandwidth distance product, power consumption, and RC time delay. The parallelization of several optical links is also an effective method to increase the aggregate data rate while keeping the component count manageable and to reduce the unit cost of optics, electronics, and packaging at lower line rate.Parallel optical transceiver modules running at several gigabits per second are commercially available nowadays. Parallel optical receivers are one of the key components of parallel interconnected systems. In this work, we describe how a low-power parallel CMOS preamplifier IC and a deskew IC have been designed and fabricated through the IBM 0.13mum CMOS technology. The performances of three different transimpedance amplifier (TIA) topologies are compared experimentally. The best of the three TIAs shows a differential gain of 56.2dBO, 2.6GHz bandwidth, and less than -16dBm sensitivity with a bit-error-rate (BER) less than 10-12. The TIA consumes 2.5mW of power from a 1.2V supply while the channel power is 22mW with a 400mV pp differential output swing.
A novel method of accurately measuring the crosstalk power penalty with an on-chip PRBS generator is proposed and its implementation is described. The use of an on-chip PRBS generator to drive the dummy channels eliminates the data pattern dependence between the aggressors and the victim. The inevitable channel skew associated with parallel channels can be removed by a phase-locked loop (PLL) based deskew method. We investigated the skew compensation range of this method theoretically and our experimental results confirm our conclusion.
Various practical design and test techniques such as photodiode modeling, AC coupling, low-pass filtering and continuous skew generation, and their implementations, are discussed and implemented in this thesis.
4
Llewellyn, David B. "Design, synthesis and catalytic properties of chiral counteranions on transition metal catalysts : a new route to asymmetric induction." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82918.
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The design of enantioselective transition metal catalyzed reactions is an important area of chemical research. The purpose of this study was to develop a new method to incorporate chirality into transition metal catalysis via ion pairing interactions. This has led to the development of the first enantioselective transition metal catalyzed reaction using a chiral counteranion as the sole source of asymmetry.In chapter two, the synthesis of a chiral bis(1,1'-bi-2-naphtholato)borate anion is described. This anion can be incorporated into cationic copper(I) complexes via anion exchange, which has allowed its effect on the copper(I) catalyzed aziridination and cyclopropanation reactions to be examined. In the cyclopropanation reaction, it was found that changing the chirality of the counteranion in the presence of (R,R)-2,2'-isopropylidenebis(4-phenyl-2-oxazoline), a chiral ligand, results in a change in the enantioselectivity of the cyclopropanes formed by over 30%. The influence of the chiral counteranion in the absence of a chiral ligand was also explored.
Chapter three describes the use of the copper(I) bis((R)-1,1' -bi-2-naphtholato) borate salt as a chiral NMR shift reagent. The coordination of the (R) and (S) enantiomers of 2,2'-bis(di-p-tolyl-phosphino)-1,1 '-binaphthyl (tol-BINAP) to copper(I) bis((R)-1,1' -bi-2-naphtholato) borate in CD2Cl2 results in well resolved 1H NMR (400 MHz) resonances for the two enantiomers. Examination of standard solutions of 2,2'-bis(di-p-tolyl-phosphino)-1,1 '-binaphthyl demonstrate that the copper complex can be used as an effective NMR shift reagent over a wide range of enantiomeric compositions.
In chapters four and five, the synthesis of a new class of peptide-based chiral counteranions, and their incorporation into copper(I) catalysts via ion exchange, is described. Studies on the copper(I) catalyzed cyclopropanation of styrene with ethyl diazoacetate demonstrate that ion-pairing with these anions can provide a novel method to incorporate a copper cation into a chiral alpha-amino acid environment for asymmetric catalysis. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Mony, Madeleine. "Reprogrammable optical phase array." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103276.
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The evolving needs of network carriers are changing the design of optical networks. In order to reduce cost, latency, and power consumption, electrical switches are being replaced with optical switching fabrics at the core of the networks. An example of such a network is an Agile All-Photonic Network (AAPN).This thesis presents a novel device that was designed to operate as an optical switch within the context of an AAPN network. The device is a Reprogrammable Optical Phase Array (ROPA), and the design consists of applying multiple electric fields of different magnitudes across an electro-optic material in order to create a diffractive optical element. The configuration of the electric fields can change to modify the properties of the diffractive device.
Such a device has a wide range of potential applications, and two different ROPA designs are presented. Both designs are optimized to function as 1xN optical switches. The switches are wavelength tunable and have switching times on the order of microseconds. The ROPA devices consist of two parts: a bulk electro-optic crystal, and a high-voltage CMOS chip for the electrical control of the device. The design, simulation, fabrication and testing of both the electrical and optical components of the devices are presented.
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Bilík, David. "Koncepční návrh konstrukce nového celokovového výcvikového kluzáku vycházejícího z kluzáku řady Blaník." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232027.
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The object of thesis is a new full metal wing design of L-23 Super Blanik glider for L-23 NG project. Thesis includes calculation of flight envelope according to CS 22, wing load, wing design and stress analysis of important part of construction. The final part of thesis include weight estimation and comparison with existing design.
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Lin, Chun-Yu. "Design Principles for Metal-Coordinated Frameworks as Electrocatalysts for Energy Storage and Conversion." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404610/.
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In this dissertation, density functional theory calculations are performed to calculate the thermodynamic and electrochemical properties of metal coordinated frameworks for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Gibb's free energy, overpotential, charge transfer and ligands effect are evaluated. The charge transfer analysis shows the positive charges on the metal coordinated frameworks play an essential role in improving the electrochemical properties of the metal coordinated frameworks. Based on the calculations, design principles are introduced to rationally design and predict the electrochemical properties of metal coordinated frameworks as efficient catalysts for ORR and OER. An intrinsic descriptor is discovered for the first time, which can be used as a materials parameter for rational design of the metal coordinated frameworks for energy storage and conversion. The success of the design principles provides a better understanding of the mechanism behind ORR and OER and a screening approach for the best catalyst for energy storage and conversion.
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Ceballos, Castillo Carlos Alberto. "Multidisciplinary design approach and safety analysis of ADSR cooled by buoyancy driven flows." Delft : Delft University Press, 2007. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0712/2007276538.html.
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Thesis (doctoral)--Delft University of Technology, 2007."Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Technische Universiteit Delft." Includes bibliographical references (p.120-128) and index.
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Lin, Chun Yu. "Design Principles for Metal-Coordinated Frameworks as Electrocatalysts for Energy Storage and Conversion." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404610/.
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In this dissertation, density functional theory calculations are performed to calculate the thermodynamic and electrochemical properties of metal coordinated frameworks for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Gibb's free energy, overpotential, charge transfer and ligands effect are evaluated. The charge transfer analysis shows the positive charges on the metal coordinated frameworks play an essential role in improving the electrochemical properties of the metal coordinated frameworks. Based on the calculations, design principles are introduced to rationally design and predict the electrochemical properties of metal coordinated frameworks as efficient catalysts for ORR and OER. An intrinsic descriptor is discovered for the first time, which can be used as a materials parameter for rational design of the metal coordinated frameworks for energy storage and conversion. The success of the design principles provides a better understanding of the mechanism behind ORR and OER and a screening approach for the best catalyst for energy storage and conversion.
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Nathany, Sumit Kumar. "Design of a 14-bit fully differential discrete time delta-sigma modulator /." Online version of the thesis, 2006. https://ritdml.rit.edu/dspace/handle/1850/2799.
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Zhao, Chao. "Design fully-integrated dual-band two-stage class-E CMOS PA." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc804916/.
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In retrospect we can see that from the last century, wireless electronic technology has been in a rapid state of development. With the popularity of wireless communication, the power amplifier demand is rising. In general, magnitude, maximum noise figure, minimum noise figure, efficiency, and output power are important indicators of the amplifier. The IC industry is exploring how to reduce the additional cost and improve the high-frequency performance. Therefore, designing a strong adaptability and high cost performance of the PA has become a priority. As these technologies advance, the power amplifiers need to have better integration, lower cost, and lower power dissipation. Also, some special requirements are being asked in some areas, such as multi-mode and multi-band. In general, people have to use several power amplifiers parallel to frame a multifunction chip. Each of them working at different frequencies of interest has to have separate matching network, design, and area; also, the diversity amplifier prices will increase with the number of amplifiers, and its cost is also changed. In this thesis, because Class E power amplifier has lower power dissipation, 100% ideal efficiency, simple circuit structure, and strong applicability, the Class E is used as power amplifier in main stage. Moreover, in order to decrease input power and increase output power, the class A power amplifier is used as driver stage. It can use very small amount of power to provide a larger power. Moreover, we use a switched variable inductor and capacitor to constitute a dual band matching network which can let the PA work at more than one frequency. In fact, we design a Class A PA which is as a driver stage. Then, when we support 1 dBm input power, the driver stage can have 8 dBm output power. Also the output will be the input power for the main stage. When the Class E PA get 8dBm input power, it will export a 15dBm output power. Because the dual band matching network, the PA can work at 2.2 GHz and 2.6 GHz; also, the efficiency is 48% and 51%, and the both gains are 13 dB. In the future, in order to further improve the performance of the power amplifier and better multi-frequencies, more new designs with new structures should be investigated. Moreover, we need further research about design theory. In fact multi-frequencies power amplifier has a great potential in real application. It based on its special structure and design parameters.
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Ismail, Arif. "First Principles and Genetic Algorithm Studies of Lanthanide Metal Oxides for Optimal Fuel Cell Electrolyte Design." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20198.
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As the demand for clean and renewable energy sources continues to grow, much
attention has been given to solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) due to their efficiency and low
operating temperature. However, the components of SOFCs must still be improved
before commercialization can be reached. Of particular interest is the solid electrolyte,
which conducts oxygen ions from the cathode to the anode. Samarium-doped ceria (SDC)
is the electrolyte of choice in most SOFCs today, due mostly to its high ionic
conductivity at low temperatures. However, the underlying principles that contribute to
high ionic conductivity in doped ceria remain unknown, and so it is difficult to improve
upon the design of SOFCs. This thesis focuses on identifying the atomistic interactions in
SDC which contribute to its favourable performance in the fuel cell.
Unfortunately, information as basic as the structure of SDC has not yet been
found due to the difficulty in experimentally characterizing and computationally
modelling the system. For instance, to evaluate 10.3% SDC, which is close to the 11.1%
concentration used in fuel cells, one must investigate 194 trillion configurations, due to
the numerous ways of arranging the Sm ions and oxygen vacancies in the simulation cell.
As an exhaustive search method is clearly unfeasible, we develop a genetic algorithm
(GA) to search the vast potential energy surface for the low-energy configurations, which will be most prevalent in the real material.
With the GA, we investigate the structure of SDC for the first time at the DFT+U
level of theory. Importantly, we find key differences in our results from prior calculations of this system which used less accurate methods, which demonstrate the importance of accurately modelling the system. Overall, our simulation results of the structure of SDCagree with experimental measurements. We identify the structural significance of defects in the doped ceria lattice which contribute to oxygen ion conductivity. Thus, the structure
of SDC found in this work provides a basis for developing better solid electrolytes, which
is of significant scientific and technological interest.
Following the structure search, we perform an investigation of the electronic properties of SDC, to understand more about the material. Notably, we compare our calculated density of states plot to XPS measurements of pure and reduced SDC. This allows us to parameterize the Hubbard (U) term for Sm, which had not yet been done. Importantly, the DFT+U treatment of the Sm ions also allowed us to observe in our
simulations the magnetization of SDC, which was found by experiment.
Finally, we also study the SDC surface, with an emphasis on its structural similarities to the bulk. Knowledge of the surface structure is important to be able to understand how fuel oxidation occurs in the fuel cell, as many reaction mechanisms occur on the surface of this porous material. The groundwork for such mechanistic studies is provided in this thesis.
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Zhang, Pengbei. "Circuit and system design for fully integrated CMOS direct-conversion multi-band OFDM ultra-wideband receivers." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1172692934.
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Lindström, Tobias. "SPARC fast reactor design : Design of two passively safe metal-fuelled sodium-cooled pool-type small modular fast reactors with Autonomous Reactivity Control." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad kärnfysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-263506.
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In this master thesis a small modular sodium-cooled metal-fuelled pool-type fast reactor design, called SPARC - Safe and Passive with Autonomous Reactivity control, has been designed. The long term reactivity changes in the SPARC are managed by implementation of the the Autonomous Reactivity Control (ARC) system, which is the novelty of the design. The overall design is mainly based on the Integral Fast Reactor project (IFR), which experimentally demonstrated the passive safety characteristics of a metal fuelled, sodium-cooled, pool-type reactor system. Whilst mimicking the passive safety features of the IFR, the vision of the SPARC design is a battery type reactor, which can operate with minimum interference from human actors. In this thesis, two reactor examples have been developed which operate using different fuel compositions. One reactor operates on recycled nuclear waste from today's nuclear power plants, and the other reactor operates on enriched uranium. Both reactors have a thermal power of 150 MW, and are meant to operate for 30 years without refuelling. The design was developed using the ADOPT software, and was simulated in Serpent. Using Serpent, criticality analyses were carried out which show that the ARC system is able to control the long term reactivity changes of the reactors.
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Kurmanaeva, Lilia [Verfasser]. "Design and mechanical performance of fully dense nanocrystalline noble metals on the basis of Pd, Pd-Ag and Pd-Au / Lilia Kurmanaeva." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Fakultät für Ingenieurwissenschaften und Informatik, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1016716192/34.
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Rico, Pérez Verónica. "Optimization of N2O decomposition RhOx/ceria catalysts and design of a high N2-selective deNOx system for diesel vehicles." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/35739.
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Asselin, Julie. "Design of a flow-through extraction cell for rapid determination of toxic metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, mercury, lead, tin, zinc) from soils and sediments." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115838.
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The goal of this study was to design, characterize and test a flow-through extraction cell for rapid determination of toxic metals present in soil and sediment samples.Based on a design elaborated by Jean Bouffard, a Teflon cell was first machined, but it appeared to be leaky and hard to disassemble without breaking the fritted glass discs. To overcome these difficulties, a poly ether ether ketone (PEEK) cell was machined and several parts were modified. Even though the shape and seal of the components seemed to be affected when heated, the cell was working at room temperature and proved promising for future work.
Finally, the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) method 1311 was applied on some real samples, and the extracts were analyzed in order to get reference results that could eventually be compared to results given by extracts obtained with the flow-through cell.*
*This dissertation is a compound document (contains both a paper copy and a CD as part of the dissertation). The CD requires the following system requirements: Microsoft Office.
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Shao-ChiWang and 王紹齊. "Slot Antenna Design Suitable NoteBook with Full-Metal Housing." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3h72az.
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Yong-FaChen and 陳永發. "Analysis and Design of Self-Oscillating Full-Bridge Electronic Ballast for Metal Halide Lamp at 2.65MHz Operating Frequency." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22900655846351430234.
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碩士國立成功大學
電機工程學系碩博士班
98
This thesis presents the analysis and design of the self-oscillating full-bridge electronic ballast for the metal halide lamp at 2.65MHz operating frequency. In order to avoid the acoustic-resonance problem of the metal halide lamp and meet the EMI limitation by IEC regulation, the self-oscillating full-bridge electronic ballast is operated at 2.65MHz radio-frequency (RF). However, the effect caused by the gate-to-source capacitor Cgs of the MOSFETs on the self-oscillating gate-drive network becomes significant to influence the design of the operating frequency at RF. Therefore, the gate-to-source capacitor Cgs of the MOSFETs is considered to derive the design equation of the magnetizing inductor for the current transformer in the self-oscillating gate-drive network. Finally, based on the prototype circuit of a 35W self-oscillating full-bridge electronic ballast with constant-lamp-current control and no-lamp-protection scheme at 2.65MHz operating frequency, the SIMPLIS? simulation and experimental results are used to validate the effect from gate-to-source capacitor Cgs, the proposed design equation, and the design criteria.
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Zele, Rajesh H. "Fully-differential current-mode CMOS circuits and applications." Thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/37934.
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With increasing interest in current-mode analogue processing due to its high
performance properties such as speed, bandwidth and accuracy compared to voltage-mode
processing, new current-mode alternatives to various conventional circuit designs are
appearing. In this report, a novel circuit design to construct a fully-differential current-mode
operational amplifier ( OP-AMP ) is suggested. A standard CMOS process and a 5
volt power supply are utilized. Simulation results using SPICE are presented. For the
current-amplifier, a highly linear behavior ( THD 0.02% ) and an excellent frequency
response ( 10 MHz ) were observed. Using this new differential OP-AMP topology,
fully-differential switched-current delay cell and an integrator circuit were also developed
successfully.Graduation date: 1991
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Ballweber, Brian M. "Design and computer aided optimization of a fully integrated CMOS RF distributed amplifier." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/33554.
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Advancements in the sophistication and complexity of modern electronic systems are creating a need for highly integrated systems with ever higher operational frequencies. The economical demands of these systems dictate that they be implemented using low cost fabrication technologies, such as digital CMOS. One of the major challenges facing circuit designers is the difficulty in implementing high frequency RF analog circuits on these types of technologies. Analog circuits which make use of parasitic-laden components such as inductors are especially difficult to realize.
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the design and application of an optimization tool based on simulated annealing to this type of problem. The goal is to have the optimizer incorporate these unavoidable component parasitics into a design, and thus eliminate any undesirable performance degradation.
The optimization technique will be applied to the design of a CMOS RF distributed amplifier. This type of amplifier has a flat gain characteristic over an exceptionally wide bandwidth, and it is heavily reliant on inductive structures. Historically, an amplifier of this type has never been implemented on a standard CMOS process, without the use of bondwire inductances or special processing techniques. However, it will be shown in this thesis that, with the aid of the optimization technique, a distributed amplifier
design can be successfully realized on a standard CMOS process.Graduation date: 1999
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"Design and implementation of fully integrated low-voltage low-noise CMOS VCO." 2002. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5891102.
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Yip Kim-fung.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-100).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract --- p.I
Acknowledgement --- p.III
Table of Contents --- p.IV
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Motivation --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- Objective --- p.6
Chapter Chapter 2 --- Theory of Oscillators --- p.7
Chapter 2.1 --- Oscillator Design --- p.7
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Loop-Gain Method --- p.7
Chapter 2.1.2 --- Negative Resistance-Conductance Method --- p.8
Chapter 2.1.3 --- Crossed-Coupled Oscillator --- p.10
Chapter Chapter 3 --- Noise Analysis --- p.15
Chapter 3.1 --- Origin of Noise Sources --- p.16
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Flicker Noise --- p.16
Chapter 3.1.2 --- Thermal Noise --- p.17
Chapter 3.1.3 --- Noise Model of Varactor --- p.18
Chapter 3.1.4 --- Noise Model of Spiral Inductor --- p.19
Chapter 3.2 --- Derivation of Resonator --- p.19
Chapter 3.3 --- Phase Noise Model --- p.22
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Leeson's Model --- p.23
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Phase Noise Model defined by J. Cranincks and M Steyaert --- p.24
Chapter 3.3.3 --- Non-linear Analysis of Phase Noise --- p.26
Chapter 3.3.4 --- Flicker-Noise Upconversion Mechanism --- p.31
Chapter 3.4 --- Phase Noise Reduction Techniques --- p.33
Chapter 3.4.1 --- Conventional Tank Circuit Structure --- p.33
Chapter 3.4.2 --- Enhanced Q tank circuit Structure --- p.35
Chapter 3.4.3 --- Tank Circuit with parasitics --- p.37
Chapter 3.4.4 --- Reduction of Up-converted Noise --- p.39
Chapter Chapter 4 --- CMOS Technology and Device Modeling --- p.42
Chapter 4.1 --- Device Modeling --- p.42
Chapter 4.1.1 --- FET model --- p.42
Chapter 4.1.2 --- Layout of Interdigitated FET --- p.46
Chapter 4.1.3 --- Planar Inductor --- p.48
Chapter 4.1.4 --- Circuit Model of Planar Inductor --- p.50
Chapter 4.1.5 --- Inductor Layout Consideration --- p.54
Chapter 4.1.6 --- CMOS RF Varactor --- p.55
Chapter 4.1.7 --- Parasitics of PMOS-type varactor --- p.57
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Design of Integrated CMOS VCOs --- p.59
Chapter 5.1 --- 1.5GHz CMOS VCO Design --- p.59
Chapter 5.1.1 --- Equivalent circuit model of differential LC VCO --- p.59
Chapter 5.1.2 --- Reference Oscillator Circuit --- p.61
Chapter 5.1.3 --- Proposed Oscillator Circuit --- p.62
Chapter 5.1.4 --- Output buffer --- p.63
Chapter 5.1.5 --- Biasing Circuitry --- p.64
Chapter 5.2 --- Spiral Inductor Design --- p.65
Chapter 5.3 --- Determination of W/L ratio of FET --- p.67
Chapter 5.4 --- Varactor Design --- p.68
Chapter 5.5 --- Layout (Cadence) --- p.69
Chapter 5.6 --- Circuit Simulation (SpectreRF) --- p.74
Chapter Chapter 6 --- Experimental Results and Discussion --- p.76
Chapter 6.1 --- Measurement Setup --- p.76
Chapter 6.2 --- Measurement results: Reference Oscillator Circuit --- p.81
Chapter 6.2.1 --- Output Spectrum --- p.81
Chapter 6.2.2 --- Phase Noise Performance --- p.82
Chapter 6.2.3 --- Tuning Characteristic --- p.83
Chapter 6.2.4 --- Microphotograph --- p.84
Chapter 6.3 --- Measurement results: Proposed Oscillator Circuit --- p.85
Chapter 6.3.1 --- Output Spectrum --- p.85
Chapter 6.3.2 --- Phase Noise Performance --- p.86
Chapter 6.3.3 --- Tuning Characteristic --- p.87
Chapter 6.3.4 --- Microphotograph --- p.88
Chapter 6.4 --- Comparison of Measured Results --- p.89
Chapter 6.4.1 --- Phase Noise Performance --- p.89
Chapter 6.4.2 --- Tuning Characteristic --- p.90
Chapter Chapter 7 --- Conclusion and Future Work --- p.93
Chapter 7.1 --- Conclusion --- p.93
Chapter 7.2 --- Future Work --- p.94
References --- p.95
Author's Publication --- p.100
Appendix A --- p.101
Appendix B --- p.104
Appendix C --- p.106
23
HUANG-CHIA, CHEN, and 陳皇嘉. "Design on the inlet and outlet of the multiple fuel channels and efficiency analysis of Metal Foam in PEMFC." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00737478499938817253.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
機械工程學系在職專班
104
Metal foam is used in this study to replace the traditional graphite flow field plate. Using commercial catalyst coated membranes, single fuel cell stack is assembled to investigate the effects of entrance and outlet flow channel design, reactant flow rate, operation temperature, and humidification temperature on cell performance. Metals have good electrical conductance and mechanical strength, which are suitable for bipolar plates in fuel cell stacks. Previous studies have shown that fuel cells using metal foam to replace traditional flow channels can have very good performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the operation performance and characteristic of different entrance and outlet fuel channel designs. In addition, the effects of inlet and outlet gas distribution uniformity on the cell performance are also investigated in this study. The results show that the performance of the fuel cell stack is improved by using new entrance and outlet design that helps the reactants to distribute more evenly. The effect of inlet and outlet design is significant than operation temperature, and humidification temperature. In order to get better cell performance, suitable humidification in the cathode is required. For long-term operation, periodic purging in the cathode can reduce the polarization loss due to mass transfer.
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"Fabrication and characterization of a porous CuO/CeO₂/Al₂O₃ biomorphic compound." 2009. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5894162.
Full textAbstract:
Chiu, Ka Lok = 多孔生物遺態氧化銅/氧化鈰/氧化鋁之複合物料的製作及其定性分析 / 趙家樂.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009.
Includes bibliographical references.
Abstract also in Chinese.
Chiu, Ka Lok = Duo kong sheng wu yi tai yang hua tong/yang hua shi/yang hua lu zhi fu he wu liao de zhi zuo ji qi ding xing fen xi / Zhao Jiale.
Abstract --- p.i
摘要 --- p.iii
Acknowledgment --- p.v
Table of contents --- p.vi
List of table captions --- p.x
List of figure captions --- p.xi
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Carbon monoxide (CO) --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- Production of hydrogen from methanol for fuel cell --- p.2
Chapter 1.3 --- Catalysts for CO oxidation and methanol reforming --- p.5
Chapter 1.4 --- Copper-based catalysts --- p.6
Chapter 1.5 --- Mechanisms in the catalytic processes --- p.7
Chapter 1.6 --- Synthesis of Cu-based catalysts --- p.10
Chapter 1.7 --- Potential applications of the biomorphic CuO/CeO2/Al2O3 catalyst --- p.11
Chapter 1.8 --- Objectives and the thesis layout --- p.12
Chapter 1.9 --- References --- p.13
Chapter Chapter 2 --- Methods and Instrumentation --- p.16
Chapter 2.1 --- Sample preparations --- p.16
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Syntheses of the biomorphic samples --- p.16
Chapter 2.1.2 --- Syntheses of the control samples (R1 and R2) --- p.17
Chapter 2.2 --- Characterization --- p.18
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Scanning electron microscope (SEM) --- p.18
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) --- p.19
Chapter 2.2.3 --- X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD) --- p.20
Chapter 2.2.4 --- Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy --- p.21
Chapter 2.2.5 --- Raman scattering (RS) spectroscopy --- p.22
Chapter 2.2.6 --- Differential thermal analysis (DTA) --- p.22
Chapter 2.2.7 --- Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) --- p.23
Chapter 2.2.8 --- Gas sorption surface analysis (GSSA) --- p.24
Chapter 2.3 --- Catalytic activity --- p.25
Chapter 2.3.1 --- CO oxidation --- p.25
Chapter 2.3.2 --- Partial oxidation of methanol (POMe) --- p.27
Chapter 2.3.3 --- Steam reforming of methanol (SRMe) --- p.28
Chapter 2.4 --- References --- p.29
Chapter Chapter 3 --- "Results, discussions and characterization" --- p.31
Chapter 3.1 --- Biomorphic samples --- p.31
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Macrostructures --- p.31
Chapter 3.1.2 --- SEM and TEM results --- p.32
Chapter 3.1.3 --- XRD analysis and chemical compositions --- p.35
Chapter 3.1.4 --- RS results --- p.41
Chapter 3.1.5 --- FTIR results --- p.44
Chapter 3.1.6 --- Thermal property --- p.46
Chapter 3.1.7 --- Porosity analysis --- p.48
Chapter 3.2 --- Control sample R1 --- p.52
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Microstructures --- p.52
Chapter 3.2.2 --- Surface area and porosity --- p.55
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Thermal property --- p.56
Chapter 3.2.4 --- "XRD, FTIR and RS results" --- p.58
Chapter 3.3 --- Control sample R2 --- p.60
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Microstructures --- p.60
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Surface area and porosity --- p.61
Chapter 3.3.3 --- "XRD, FTIR and RS results" --- p.62
Chapter 3.3.4 --- Thermal property --- p.63
Chapter 3.4 --- Formation mechanisms of the biomorphic samples --- p.64
Chapter 3.5 --- Impacts of the Cu/Ce/Al ratios on the CuO dispersion --- p.66
Chapter 3.6 --- Cotton biotemplate --- p.66
Chapter 3.7 --- Formation mechanisms of R1 and R2 --- p.67
Chapter 3.8 --- References --- p.69
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Evaluations of Catalytic Activities --- p.71
Chapter 4.1 --- CO oxidation --- p.71
Chapter 4.2 --- POMe --- p.79
Chapter 4.3 --- SRMe --- p.91
Chapter 4.4 --- Physical properties of the biomorphic samples before and after the reactions --- p.97
Chapter 4.5 --- Structure of the sample and its catalytic performance --- p.102
Chapter 4.6 --- CuO dispersion and the catalytic performance --- p.103
Chapter 4.7 --- Al2O3 and CeO2 and the catalytic performance --- p.105
Chapter 4.8 --- Catalytic performance of the biomorphic samples and R2 --- p.108
Chapter 4.9 --- References --- p.109
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Conclusions and suggestions for further studies --- p.110
Chapter 5.1 --- Conclusions --- p.110
Chapter 5.2 --- Future works --- p.112
Chapter 5.3 --- References --- p.114
25
Roseman, Jared. "Hybrid Biological-Solid-State Sytems: Powering an Integrated Circuit from ATP." Thesis, 2016. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8C53KNV.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents a novel hybrid biological solid-state system which makes use of biological components in an in-vitro environment to produce functionality incapable by CMOS circuits alone. A "biocell" comprised of lipids and ion pumps is mated to a CMOS IC in a compact configuration and the IC is powered solely from adenosine triphosphate (ATP), often referred to as the 'life energy currency.' The biocell is a fuel cell that produces a membrane potential in the presence of ATP which is used by the IC as an electrical power supply. The design represents the first of a new class of devices combining both biological and solid-state components, which exploit the unique properties of transmembrane proteins in engineered solid-state systems. This work also suggests that the richness of function of biological ion channels and pumps, functionality that is impossible to achieve in CMOS alone, may be exploited in systems that combine engineered transmembrane proteins as biological components integrated with solid-state devices.