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Journal articles on the topic 'Full-tree harvest'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Morris, Dave M., Martin M. Kwiaton, and Dan R. Duckert. "Black spruce growth response to varying levels of biomass harvest intensity across a range of soil types: 15-year results." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 44, no. 4 (2014): 313–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2013-0359.

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With a growing interest in the diversification (e.g., bioenergy, biochemicals) of the forest industry beyond the traditional product streams, concerns that higher harvest utilization levels may compromise site productivity have been heightened. This study reports on 15-year tree growth responses to varying levels of biomass removals conducted on four soil types: loamy tills, outwash sands, wet mineral, and peatlands. Experimental harvest treatments included stem-only, full-tree, full-tree chipping (a full-tree harvest with the roadside material chipped and returned to the site), and full-tree

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2

Jones, Trevor A., and Scott McPherson. "Comparative effects of full-tree and tree-length shelterwood harvesting on residual tree damage and coarse woody debris volume in the Great Lakes – St. Lawrence forest." Forestry Chronicle 88, no. 06 (2012): 736–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2012-139.

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Residual stand damage and coarse woody debris loads were evaluated in 15 hardwood and white pine uniform shelterwood harvest blocks, in the Great Lakes – St. Lawrence Forest Region, using tree-length (TL) and full-tree (FT) harvesting techniques. Stand-level damage rates to residual stems in both the TL and FT harvest operations were below Ontario’s allowable “major” damage limits of 15% to all residual trees and 10% to acceptable growing stock (AGS) trees. No significant differences in damage rates were observed between the TL and FT harvest systems and were comparable to past assessments in

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3

Fleming, Robert L., Michael F. Laporte, Gary D. Hogan, and Paul W. Hazlett. "Effects of harvesting and soil disturbance on soil CO2 efflux from a jack pine forest." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36, no. 3 (2006): 589–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x05-258.

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We measured organic matter removal and soil compaction effects on soil surface CO2 efflux (F) from a jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) forest and developed an analytical framework involving multiplicative response functions to interpret response. Treatments included stem-only harvest (OM0C0), full-tree harvest (OM1C0), full-tree harvest with surface soil removal (OM2C0), full-tree harvest with surface soil removal and soil compaction (OM2C2), and uncut forest (UF). Mean F and calculated F at 10 °C under nonlimiting soil moisture conditions (F10) were greatest in treatments with intact organic

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4

Morris, Dave M., and Dan R. Duckert. "Studying the impacts of harvest intensity on site productivity of Ontario's black spruce ecosystems." Forestry Chronicle 75, no. 3 (1999): 439–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc75439-3.

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As a result of a Class Environmental Assessment, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) was mandated to design and implement a research project pertaining to the effects of full-tree harvesting on long-term site productivity. This project, initiated in 1991, was designed to focus on ecosystem processes and the changes occurring to these processes after harvesting (e.g., quantifying the disruption and recovery) for the black spruce working group. A series of replicated, experimental harvest treatments with varying degrees of biomass removal were conducted on nine core study sites, rep

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5

Levasseur, Patrick A., Nathan Basiliko, John P. Caspersen, Jeff Fera, and Trevor A. Jones. "Comparing operational and economic viability of integrated full tree roundwood and residue harvesting with tree length roundwood harvesting in a shelterwood system." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 55 (January 1, 2025): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2025-0063.

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Integrating roundwood harvesting with collecting traditionally unmerchantable harvest residue largely depends on the operational and economic viability for harvest contractors. This study compared machine time of motion, harvest volumes, productivity, and profits of two harvesting methods in a shelterwood system in the Canadian Great Lakes-St. Lawrence (GLSL) forest region. Conventional “tree length” (TL) harvesting only harvested merchantable roundwood and “full tree” (FT) harvesting residues and roundwood. FT harvesting required significantly more feller buncher time of motion compared to TL

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Boué, Cédric, Tonia DeBellis, Lisa A. Venier, Timothy T. Work, and Steven W. Kembel. "Limited initial impacts of biomass harvesting on composition of wood-inhabiting fungi within residual stumps." PeerJ 7 (December 13, 2019): e8027. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8027.

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Growing pressures linked to global warming are prompting governments to put policies in place to find alternatives to fossil fuels. In this study, we compared the impact of tree-length harvesting to more intensive full-tree harvesting on the composition of fungi residing in residual stumps 5 years after harvest. In the tree-length treatment, a larger amount of residual material was left around the residual stumps in contrast to the full-tree treatment where a large amount of woody debris was removed. We collected sawdust from five randomly selected residual stumps in five blocks in each of the

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7

Smenderovac, Emily E., Kara Webster, John Caspersen, Dave Morris, Paul Hazlett, and Nathan Basiliko. "Does intensified boreal forest harvesting impact soil microbial community structure and function?" Canadian Journal of Forest Research 47, no. 7 (2017): 916–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2016-0468.

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Intensified biomass harvesting in northern forests could potentially negatively impact soils. This study measured microbial community structure and function to assess the impacts of intensified biomass removal on soil from a managed northern jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) forest in Ontario, Canada. Four clear-cut harvesting removal intensities were compared with uncut controls and mature, fire-regenerated forest reference plots: stem-only removal, full-tree biomass removal, full-tree biomass with stump removal, and full-tree biomass with stump removal and soil blading that eliminated all ab

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8

Waters, Isobel, Steven W. Kembel, Jean-François Gingras, and Jennifer M. Shay. "Short-term effects of cut-to-length versus full-tree harvesting on conifer regeneration in jack pine, mixedwood, and black spruce forests in Manitoba." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 34, no. 9 (2004): 1938–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x04-064.

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This study compares the effects of full-tree versus cut-to-length forest harvesting methods on tree regeneration in jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.), mixedwood (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss Populus tremuloides Michx. Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.), and black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) sites in southeastern Manitoba, Canada. We surveyed tree regeneration densities, disturbance characteristics, and understorey vegetation in replicated control and harvested plots in each site type preharvest (1993) and 1 and 3 years postharvest (1994, 1996). In jack pine sites, the full-tree harvest method

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9

Palik, Brian, Kory Cease, Leanne Egeland, and Charles Blinn. "Aspen Regeneration in Riparian Management Zones in Northern Minnesota: Effects of Residual Overstory and Harvest Method." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 20, no. 2 (2003): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/20.2.79.

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Abstract We examined aspen regeneration under different riparian management zone (RMZ) treatments in aspen forests in northern Minnesota. We also compared aspen regeneration in partially harvested RMZs to adjacent upland clearcuts. The four RMZ treatments included: (1) full control (no cutting in RMZ or upland; (2) riparian control (RMZ uncut; upland clearcut); and partially harvested RMZs cut to 54 ft2/ac, with upland clearcut using (3) cut-to-length (CTL), or (4) tree-length harvesting. Three years after harvest, aspen sucker densities in the tree-length and CTL treatments were significantly

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10

Venier, L. A., T. T. Work, J. Klimaszewski, et al. "Ground-dwelling arthropod response to fire and clearcutting in jack pine: implications for ecosystem management." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 47, no. 12 (2017): 1614–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2017-0145.

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We tested the response of species composition of three dominant litter-dwelling arthropod taxa (carabid beetles, spiders, and rove beetles) to wildfire and harvest. This study was conducted in north-central Ontario (47°42′N, 83°36′W) in jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) dominated stands in 2013 using pitfall trapping. Using 222 species (12 015 individuals), we compared the effects of disturbance using recently burned (3 years since fire) and clearcut sites (3 years since harvest; tree length, full tree, stump removal, and blading), as well as older, closed-canopy stands that have regenerated f

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11

Nesi, Cristiano Nunes, Silvia Emiko Shimakura, Paulo Justiniano Ribeiro Junior, and Louise Larissa May De Mio. "Survival analysis: a tool in the study of post-harvest diseases in peaches." Revista Ceres 62, no. 1 (2015): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x201562010007.

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Survival analysis is applied when the time until the occurrence of an event is of interest. Such data are routinely collected in plant diseases, although applications of the method are uncommon. The objective of this study was to use two studies on post-harvest diseases of peaches, considering two harvests together and the existence of random effect shared by fruits of a same tree, in order to describe the main techniques in survival analysis. The nonparametric Kaplan-Meier method, the log-rank test and the semi-parametric Cox's proportional hazards model were used to estimate the effect of cu

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Morris, Dave M. "Changes in DOC and DON fluxes in response to harvest intensity of black-spruce-dominated forest ecosystems in northwestern Ontario." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 89, no. 1 (2009): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss07027.

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The current study was conducted to quantify and compare dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) fluxes through black-spruce-dominated forests, to compare the source/sink characteristics of sphagnum- versus feathermoss-dominated forest floors, and to identify changes in DOC and DON flow patterns occurring as a result of clearcut harvesting. After 2 yr of pre-harvest monitoring, replicated, experimental harvests of varying intensities of biomass removals were conducted followed by 4 yr of post-harvest sampling. Prior to harvest, the upland site type, dominated by feat

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13

MacDonell, Marc R., and Arthur Groot. "Harvesting peatland black spruce: Impacts on advance growth and site disturbance." Forestry Chronicle 73, no. 2 (1997): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc73249-2.

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A project was established in the Lake Abitibi Model Forest to study the effects of several harvesting systems on advance growth protection and site disturbance. Tree-length and cut-to-length harvesting systems were compared to a full-tree system on peatland black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) sites. The impacts of the various harvesting systems were compared by summarizing the structural and mensurational properties of the stands before and after harvest, by evaluating damage to residual trees, and by assessing site disturbance. The tree-length and full-tree systems, which were compare

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14

Morgan, Kelly T., Smita Barkataky, Davie Kadyampakeni, Robert Ebel, and Fritz Roka. "Effects of Short-term Drought Stress and Mechanical Harvesting on Sweet Orange Tree Health, Water Uptake, and Yield." HortScience 49, no. 6 (2014): 835–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.49.6.835.

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One of the primary reasons for the slow adoption of mechanical harvesting by Florida citrus growers is the physical injuries associated with it, including loss of leaves, twigs, flowers, and young fruits, limb breakage, and injuries to the bark and root. However, it has been shown that well-managed trees are capable of tolerating defoliation, limb loss, and root and bark injury caused by mechanical harvesting. Irrigation management is one of the most crucial factors that influence citrus tree health. A multiple-year field study was conducted on ‘Valencia’ sweet orange trees in a commercial cit

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15

da Silva, Izabela A. Gomes, José C. B. Dubeux, Mércia Virginia Ferreira Santos, et al. "Tree Canopy Management Affects Dynamics of Herbaceous Vegetation and Soil Moisture in Silvopasture Systems Using Arboreal Legumes." Agronomy 11, no. 8 (2021): 1509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11081509.

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Understanding ecological interactions between the arboreal and the herbaceous components is key to get the full benefits from silvopastoral systems. The objective of this 2-yr research was to evaluate productivity and nutritive value of signalgrass (Urochloa decumbens (Stapf.) R. Webster) subjected to shading from the tree legumes Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud) or Mimosa (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) under different tree canopy management. Trees were planted in double rows and were either unharvested or harvested only one row, leaving the other row unharvested. Response variab

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16

Kadzere, Irene, Chris B. Watkins, Ian A. Merwin, Festus K. Akinnifesi, John D. K. Saka, and Jarret Mhango. "Fruit Variability and Relationships between Color at Harvest and Quality during Storage of Uapaca kirkiana (Muell. Arg.) Fruit from Natural Woodlands." HortScience 41, no. 2 (2006): 352–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.2.352.

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The full commercial potential of wild loquat [Uapaca kirkiana (Muell. Arg.)], a fruit that is widely used for food and income in parts of Africa, is restricted by its short shelf life and variability in postharvest quality. We have evaluated within and among tree variability in fruit size and color at harvest, and changes of color, soluble solids concentrations (SSC) and pulp deterioration during storage, of fruit harvested during the maturation period. The relationships between fruit shape, size, seed number and SSC of fruit harvested at the ripe stage of maturity was also assessed. Size and

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17

Sushmitha B. H., Bhyravi B. M., Allolli T. B., et al. "Studies on the Sex Ratio of Different Mango Varieties under the Northern Dry Zone of Karnataka." Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology 27, no. 4 (2024): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2024/v27i4743.

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An investigation was carried out to evaluate different cultivars of mango for their performance, growth, and flowering under the northern dry zone of Karnataka. Tree height, canopy volume and trunk girth were maximum in Baneshan, while Kadar recorded maximum tree spread. Baneshan were the first to come into full bloom, and Dashehari were recorded maximum panicles per plant. The maximum number of fruits per panicle at harvest was found in Kesar. The maximum fruit set per cent was observed in Totapuri

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18

Dar, G. A., F. A. Misger, Amit Kumar, and J. A. Rather. "Growth, fruit set and yield of Santa Rosa plum as affected by nitrogen and boron under rainfed conditions of Kashmir Valley." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, no. 4 (2016): 2081–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i4.1094.

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Present experiment was carried out in a seven year old private plum orchard near SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar Campus, Srinagar during 2012 and 2013, to examine the response to nitrogenous fertilizer and boron on growth, fruit set and yield of plum var. Santa Rosa. Urea @ 500 g (N1), CaNO3 @ 1450 g (N2), N1 + 50 g boron (N3) and N2 + 50 g boron (N4) were applied at T1 = Full dose in spring, T2 = Full dose after harvest and T3 = 3/4 dose in spring and 1/4 dose after harvest. Observations were recorded on parameters viz. incremental tree girth, shoot extension growth, plant height, plant spread, leaf

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19

Wilkins, B. S., R. C. Ebel, W. A. Dozier, J. Pitts, and R. Boozer. "Tergitol TMN-6 for Thinning Peach Blossoms." HortScience 39, no. 7 (2004): 1611–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.7.1611.

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This study was conducted to determine efficacy of Tergitol TMN-6 in thinning peach blossoms. A pretest was conducted and demonstrated no difference between TMN-6 and TMN-10 in efficacy when applied at full bloom or petal fall and at rates of 20 and 40 mL·L-1. In the main test, Tergitol TMN-6 was sprayed once at 10, 20, or 30 mL·L-1 at full bloom or petal fall and compared to an unsprayed control for 3 years. Tergitol caused widespread necrosis of flower parts including sepals, petals, pistils, stamens and peduncles. There was a difference among chemical treatments with more fruit removed at hi

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Richard, Robert, Evan Kane, Dustin Bronson, and Randall Kolka. "Whole-Tree Harvest Effects on Macronutrients in an Oak-Dominated System after Seven Years." Forests 13, no. 10 (2022): 1532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13101532.

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This study assesses the impacts of whole-tree harvesting (WTH) versus stem-only harvest (SOH) on two oak-dominated stands located in Northern Wisconsin. Specifically, our study follows up on an experiment designed to better understand the impacts of WTH and whether stands are at risk of long-term nutrient losses, which could contribute to declines in productivity. The original study assessed: (i) full biomass removal (referred to as WTH), (ii) partial biomass removal (removal to 5 cm diameter bole), (iii) a traditional SOH (removal to 10 cm bole), and (iv) no harvest (control). Our data were c

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Glenn, D. Michael, Donald L. Peterson, and Stephen S. Miller. "MECHANICAL PEACH HARVESTING LIMITED POTENTIAL." HortScience 28, no. 5 (1993): 558f—558. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.5.558f.

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The purpose of this six year study was to re-evaluate the potential of mechanical peach harvesting in a mechanized irrigated peach production system. `Redhaven', `Harvester' and `Autumnglo' peach cultivars were trained to a free-standing “Y” form and received: a) full season irrigation; b) irrigation during the ripening period; or c) no irrigation. Trees were 2.5 m within the row and individual plots contained 10 trees with 4 replications in a split plot design. All three cultivars were mechanically harvested using the USDA inertial shaker. In addition, the cultivar `Autumnglo' was hand harves

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Baugher, Tara A., Kendall C. Elliott, David W. Leach, B. D. Horton, and Stephen S. Miller. "Improved Methods of Mechanically Thinning Peaches at Full Bloom." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 116, no. 5 (1991): 766–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.116.5.766.

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Studies were conducted on peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] during 1988 to 1990 to test the performance of a tree-width rope-curtain bloom thinner and a rotating rope-curtain thinner. Six trips over the tree canopy were required with the tree-width rope curtain, and only one trip was required with the rotating curtain to thin to a spacing of about one flower per 9 cm of fruiting shoot length. Based on the number of flowers per square centimeter of branch cross-sectional area (CSA) immediately following thinning and the number of fruit per square centimeter of CSA following June drop, rope-cur

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23

Gianguzzi, Giuseppe, Vittorio Farina, Paolo Inglese, and Maria Gloria Lobo Rodrigo. "Effect of Harvest Date on Mango (Mangifera indica L. Cultivar Osteen) Fruit’s Qualitative Development, Shelf Life and Consumer Acceptance." Agronomy 11, no. 4 (2021): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040811.

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The qualitative characteristics of mango fruits change throughout their development process and are also influenced by their duration. Harvesting at different times after the fruit set affects external and internal quality and the post-harvest behavior and management possibilities of the fruits. The objective of this study was to assess the evolution of the most important physicochemical and organoleptic parameters of cv. Osteen fruits concern the length of their stay on the plant and also to their post-harvest management. For this reason, fruits were harvested progressively in ten pickings. T

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Fain, Stephen, Brian Kittler, and Amira Chowyuk. "Managing Moist Forests of the Pacific Northwest United States for Climate Positive Outcomes." Forests 9, no. 10 (2018): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f9100618.

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The moist forests of the Pacific Northwest United States (PNW) are among the most naturally carbon rich ecoregions in the world. However, regional in-forest carbon storage levels are currently well below ecological potential. Recent climate policy proposals have renewed and deepened debates over forest sector climate strategies. This paper begins with a review of regionally applicable forest carbon life cycle assessments (LCAs) in an effort to provide some clarity around how these studies are conducted, and why their results may vary. The review highlights the importance of assumptions made du

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Britto, Pedro C., Dirk Jaeger, Stephan Hoffmann, Renato C. G. Robert, Alexander C. Vibrans, and Alfredo C. Fantini. "Impact Assessment of Timber Harvesting Operations for Enhancing Sustainable Management in a Secondary Atlantic Forest." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (2019): 6272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226272.

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Conservation and management of forest ecosystems are currently largely conflicting goals in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome. At present, all parts of the Atlantic Forest are protected and commercial logging is highly restricted. However, sustainable forest management systems can offer significant income opportunities for landholders, and thereby actively support the process of ecosystem rehabilitation and protection of the Atlantic Forest. This research is intended to contribute to enhancing the development of environmentally sound forest management alternatives in the Atlantic Forest biom

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Crassweller, R. M., T. C. Clark, J. W. Travis, and E. G. Rajotte. "EFFECTS OF REDUCING PESTICIDE RATES ON TRELLISED APPLES." HortScience 28, no. 5 (1993): 590d—590. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.5.590d.

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Chemical rates for commercial apple orchards are derived from replicated single-tree spray studies based upon dilute (>3740 l/ha) amounts of carrier to standard trees and are not adjusted to tree size. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a season long pest management program where rates had been reduced to 60% of standard recommended rates on trellised apple trees. The experimental unit consisted of 4 trellised rows of apples planted in 1976. The cultivars in the study were `McInstosh', Golden Delicious, and spur and nonspur `Delicious'. Treatments were full rate (100), 60% of the ful

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Karl, Adam Duerr, and Gregory Michael Peck. "Greater Sunlight Exposure during Early Fruit Development Increases Polyphenol Concentration, Soluble Solid Concentration, and Fruit Mass of Cider Apples." Horticulturae 8, no. 11 (2022): 993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8110993.

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The environmental factors that influence cider apple fruit quality, particularly bitter and astringent polyphenols, are not well understood. Five experiments were conducted to investigate how sunlight affects fruit and juice quality. In three studies, shade cloth was placed over entire trees or individual branches at different phenological stages, durations, and opacities. Influence of canopy microclimate was investigated by harvesting fruit from different sections of the tree canopy. In a final study, opaque paper bags were placed over fruit three weeks after full bloom (WAFB) until harvest.

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Mika, Augustyn, Zbigniew Buler, Jacek Rabcewicz, Paweł Białkowski, and Dorota Konopacka. "Suitability Of Plum And Prune Cultivars, Grown In A High Density Planting System, For Mechanical Harvesting With A Canopy Contact, Straddle Harvester." Journal of Horticultural Research 23, no. 2 (2015): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/johr-2015-0017.

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AbstractThe relation of hand-harvesting cost in plum and prune production to the total costs amounts to 25-40%. Mechanical harvesting makes it possible to cut drastically both the harvesting and total costs. To test the suitability of plum and prune species to be mechanically harvested, an experimental grove (area 0.8 ha) was established in 2008. Three plum cultivars and one prune cultivar grafted on semi-dwarf and vigorous rootstocks were planted at high density (1250; 1666; 2500 trees·ha−1). During the span of full yielding (2012-2014), fruits were harvested mechanically with a canopy contac

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Miller, Anita Nina, and Christopher S. Walsh. "Growth and Seasonal Partitioning of Dry Matter in Eight-year-old ‘Loring’ Peach Trees." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 113, no. 3 (1988): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.113.3.309.

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Abstract During the 1984 growing season, trees of ‘Loring’ peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) on ‘Halford’ rootstocks were divided into the following components; fruit, leaves, shoots, 1-year wood, 2-year wood, frame, and roots. The sampling dates were coincident with key fruit and tree developmental stages: dormant, 15 days after full bloom, the end of Stages I and II of fruit developement, harvest, and 45 days after harvest (leaf fall). At the beginning of Stage II, four additional trees per remaining sampling date were hand-thinned to 15 cm between fruit. Initially, the mean dry weight of tre

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Fallahi, Esmaeil, Bahar Fallahi, and Bahman Shafii. "Irrigation and Rootstock Influence on Water Use, Tree Growth, Yield, and Fruit Quality at Harvest at Different Ages of Trees in ‘Pacific Gala’ Apple." HortScience 48, no. 5 (2013): 588–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.48.5.588.

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During various ages of tree between 2002 and 2007, the effects of four rootstocks and two irrigation systems using a crop evapotranspiration-based (ETc) water scheduling on water use, tree growth, yield, and fruit quality at harvest in ‘Pacific Gala’ apple [(Malus ×domestica) Borkh] were studied. The use of ETc when a precise crop coefficient value (Kc), modified by percentage of ground shade (GS) and tree canopy maturity (M) was used, provided a reliable tool for irrigation scheduling of ‘Pacific Gala’ apple. Young trees with a full sprinkler (FS) system received an average of 872.3 mm (5616.

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Gonzalez Nieto, Luis, Anna Wallis, Jon Clements, et al. "Evaluation of Computer Vision Systems and Applications to Estimate Trunk Cross-Sectional Area, Flower Cluster Number, Thinning Efficacyand Yield of Apple." Horticulturae 9, no. 8 (2023): 880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9080880.

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Precision crop load management of apple requires counting fruiting structures at various times during the year to guide management decisions. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the accuracy of and compare different commercial computer vision systems and computer applications to estimate trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA), flower cluster number, thinning efficacy, and yield estimation. These studies evaluated two companies that offer different vision systems in a series of trials across 23 orchards in four states. Orchard Robotics uses a proprietary camera system, and Pometa (pre

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Fallahi, Esmaeil, Bahar Fallahi, and Michael J. Kiester. "Evapotranspiration-based Irrigation Systems and Nitrogen Effects on Yield and Fruit Quality at Harvest in Fully Mature ‘Fuji’ Apple Trees over Four Years." HortScience 53, no. 1 (2018): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci12393-17.

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In a long-term study between 2008 and 2011, the use of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), when a precise crop coefficient value (Kc) was used, provided a reliable irrigation scheduling for determination of water requirement for ‘Autumn Rose Fuji’ apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh) fully mature trees. Water use, yield, and fruit quality attributes at harvest were examined under various irrigation and nitrogen (N) systems that were scheduled using ETc. Trees with a full sprinkler (FS) system received ≈39% to 41% more water than those with a full drip (FD) system during the period of 2008–11 growing seas

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Esparza, Gaston, Ted M. DeJong, and Steve A. Weinbaum. "594 Effect of Water Stress during the Harvest Period on the Carbohydrate Reserves of Mature Almond Trees." HortScience 34, no. 3 (1999): 549C—549. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.549c.

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The effect of water stress during the harvest period on carbohydrate reserves at the end of the growing season was studied for mature, field-grown almond trees. The following irrigation treatments were imposed during 1995, 1996, and 1997: a) full irrigation (FI) (irrigation every 3–7 days), b) moderate stress (MS) (18 days of irrigation cut-off), and c) severe stress (SS) (35, 47, and 53 days of irrigation cut-off for 1995, 1996, and 1997, respectively). Midday stem (Yms) and predawn leaf (Ypd) water potentials were monitored during each season's stress. Three trees of contrasting treatments (

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Townsend, H. G., and W. M. Millington. "Apple, Seasonal Control at Reduced Insecticide Rates, 1984." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 10, no. 1 (1985): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/10.1.34.

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Abstract Danitol and FMC 54800 were applied to single tree plots replicated 5 times in a completely randomized block design. Reduced rate applications were made on 17 May, 14 Jun, 28 Jun, 12 Jul, and 26 Jul using a FMC 4000 airblast sprayer. Full rate applications were made on 9 Aug and 23 Aug. Test trees received a regular fungicide program but no other insecticides during the season. ERM populations were evaluated by brushing leaf samples onto glass plates. Insect control was determined at harvest from samples of 100 fruit from each tree. Each fruit was rated from 1 (no scale) to 5 (heavy sc

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Reding, M. E., and E. H. Beers. "Apple, Campylomma Timing Test, 1992." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 18, no. 1 (1993): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/18.1.52a.

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Abstract The test was conducted in a young ‘Delicious’ orchard near Orondo, Washington. The experimental design was a randomized complete block, consisting of 4 replicates of three contiguous trees. Treatments were timed to coincide with tree phenology stages: HIG (half-inch green), applied 21 Mar; TC (tight cluster), applied 30 Mar; PK (Pink), applied 3 Apr; and FB (full bloom) applied 13 Apr. Treatments were applied to the point of drip with a handgun sprayer operated at 240 psi. Per acre rates were based on a 400 gal/acre dilute application. Nymphs were sampled by tapping limbs and catching

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Tomazella, Vitor Barrile, Gabriel Castro Jacques, Aline Cesar Lira, and Luís Cláudio Paterno Silveira. "Visitation of Social Wasps in Arabica Coffee Crop (Coffea Arabica L.) Intercropped with Different Tree Species." Sociobiology 65, no. 2 (2018): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v65i2.1397.

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Brazil stands out for its coffee plantations for which the 2015 harvest yielded a revenue of over 600 million dollars. Its production is closely related to biotic and abiotic factors, and insect pests are noted for reducing this production. However, those insects are highly influenced by biological control agents such as predator wasps. This study aimed to survey the wasps visiting intercropping coffee cultivation with different tree species. Four plots of coffee intercropped with different tree species and coffee in full sun (control) were sampled for comparison. Tree species were: Teak (Tect

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Reighard, Gregory L., and David R. Ouellette. "Soybean Oil as a Prebloom Flower Bud Thinner for Peaches." HortScience 33, no. 4 (1998): 600c—600. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.4.600c.

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Survival of peach flowers during spring or winter freezes and large fruit size at harvest are critical for profitable peach production in the Southeast. Delaying both bud swell in late winter and flower phenology in spring reduces the risk of flower bud death from cold temperatures. Preliminary research in Tennessee using soybean oil (SO) as a dormant oil spray in place of Superior oil showed SO delayed peach bloom, thinned flower buds, and increased fruit size. In 1997, a `Harvester' peach orchard in Monetta, S.C., and a `Redhaven' orchard near Clemson, S.C., were sprayed in early February wi

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Mrosek, Janet S., and Stephen C. Myers. "Nonstructural Carbohydrates and Mesocarp Development as a Result of Blossom Thinning in Peach." HortScience 30, no. 4 (1995): 770A—770. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.770a.

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The relationship between cell division, nonstructural carbohydrates and fruit size was investigated using 5-year-old `Encore' peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]. The trees, which were trained to two opposing scaffolds, were selected for uniformity based on tree size and floral bud density. One-year-old shoots ranging in size from 20 to 30 cm were tagged from throughout the canopy. At anthesis, one entire scaffold was thinned of 75% of its flowers, leaving 25% in the mid-section of each shoot. The opposing scaffold served as the control. Samples were taken at three intervals for histological an

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Privé, Jean-Pierre, Lindsay Russell, and Anita Leblanc. "Impact of reflective groundcover on growth, flowering, yield and fruit quality in Gala apples in New Brunswick." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 91, no. 4 (2011): 765–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps10199.

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Privé, J-P., Russell, L. and LeBlanc, A. 2011. Impact of reflective groundcover on growth, flowering, yield and fruit quality in Gala apples in New Brunswick. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 765–772. A 5-yr field study was conducted in New Brunswick, Canada, to assess the impact of a reflective groundcover (ExtendayTM) on Gala (Malus× domestica Borkh.) apple trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA), flowering, yield and fruit quality. Overall, a 25% increase in the total number of fruit per tree was realized with use of the 3-m wide reflective groundcover on the orchard floor between tree rows from full-bloom

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Odalovic, Aleksandar, Ranko Prenkic, Darko Dubak, Miodrag Jovancevic, Miroslav Cizmovic, and Marija Radunovic. "Effect of ecological conditions on expression of biopomological characteristics of chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) in natural populations of Montenegro." Genetika 45, no. 1 (2013): 251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1301251o.

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This paper presents the five-year long research results (2007-2011) of phenological observations (beginning, full flowering and the end of flowering), morphometric analysis (fruit weight, length, width and thickness of fruit, as well as length and width of the hilum), the ripening time and the average yield of selected genotypes of sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.). The results show that in terms of time of flowering chestnut trees examined in the group are very early flowering. The ripening of studied chestnut trees shows that the earliest harvest tree was Ostros II, VII and Kostajnica V

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Myers, Stephen C. "Preharvest Watersprout Removal Influences Canopy Light Relations, Fruit Quality, and Flower Bud Formation of `Redskin' Peach Trees." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 118, no. 4 (1993): 442–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.118.4.442.

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Three separate blocks of mature, nonirrigated trees of `Redskin' peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] on `Lovell' rootstock, all uniformly dormant-pruned to an open center, were summer pruned 43, 31, and 21 days before harvest (DBH) in 1988, 1989, and 1990, respectively, and compared to unpruned controls in respect to light penetration and fruit characteristics. Summer pruning consisted of watersprout removal (WSR), selectively including all shoots more upright than 45° on scaffolds from the crotch to the top of the tree. WSR increased photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) in the center of t

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Karyda, Asimina-Georgia, and Petros Anargyrou Roussos. "Influence of the Invasive Species Ailanthus altissima (Tree of Heaven) on Yield Performance and Olive Oil Quality Parameters of Young Olive Trees cv. Koroneiki Under Two Distinct Irrigation Regimes." Applied Sciences 15, no. 14 (2025): 7678. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15147678.

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Ailanthus altissima (AA) is an invasive tree species rapidly spreading worldwide, colonizing both urban and agricultural or forestry environments. This three-year study aimed to assess its effects on the growth and yield traits of the Koroneiki olive cultivar under co-cultivation in pots, combined with two irrigation regimes, full and deficit irrigation (60% of full). Within each irrigation regime, olive trees were grown either in the presence or absence (control) of AA. The trial evaluated several parameters, including vegetative growth, yield traits, and oil quality characteristics. Co-culti

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Marini, Richard P., James R. Schupp, Tara Auxt Baugher, and Robert Crassweller. "Estimating Apple Fruit Size Distribution from Early-season Fruit Diameter Measurements." HortScience 54, no. 11 (2019): 1947–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci14281-19.

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In three experiments, diameters of apples representing 7% to 30% of the fruit on a tree were measured at ≈60 days after full bloom. Using previously published regression equations, the early-season fruit diameter values were used to estimate apple fruit weight at harvest (FWH). At harvest, all fruit on sample trees were weighed and the distributions of estimated FWH for fruit measured early in the season were compared with distributions of the actual FWH for whole trees. Actual FWH was normally distributed for only one of the three experiments. Although the estimated mean FWH averaged for the

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Yuri, Jose A., Claudia Moggia, Carolina A. Torres, Alvaro Sepulveda, Valeria Lepe, and Jose L. Vasquez. "Performance of Apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) Cultivars Grown in Different Chilean Regions on a Six-year Trial, Part I: Vegetative Growth, Yield, and Phenology." HortScience 46, no. 3 (2011): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.46.3.365.

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Performance of seven apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) cultivars (‘Brookfield®Gala’, ‘Galaxy’, ‘Super Chief’, ‘Granny Smith’, ‘Fuji Raku Raku’, ‘Cripp's Pink’, and ‘Braeburn’) on M.M.106 and M.9 EMLA rootstocks during their first 6 years was evaluated on a multisite trial in Chile. Second-leaf trees were planted in experimental blocks inside commercial orchards located in five major apple-producing areas in Chile (Graneros, San Clemente, Chillan, Angol, and Temuco). Tree height and volume, trunk cross-sectional area (TCA), fruit yield and size distribution, crop load, and tree phenology were ass

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Zhang, Yaguang, James V. Krogmeier, Aaron Ault, and Dennis Buckmaster. "APT3: Automated Product Traceability Trees Generated from GPS Tracks." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 3 (2020): 571–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13384.

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Abstract. With increasing concerns about food safety in many countries, product traceability has become an important risk-management tool. It enables the identification of possible sources of defective goods and facilitates the withdrawal and recall of affected products to protect consumers from foodborne diseases. However, it is troublesome for farmers to maintain the records required by high-precision product traceability during harvesting because traditional traceability systems usually involve human labor in paperwork or expenses for equipment purchase and installation; in either case, the

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Goldhamer, David, Mario Viveros, and Ken Shackel. "INFLUENCE OF PREHARVEST IRRIGATION CUTOFF DURATION AND POSTHARVEST WATER DEPRIVATION IN ALMOND." HortScience 25, no. 9 (1990): 1172b—1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1172b.

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Previously well irrigated mature `Nonpareil' almond trees (Prunus dulcis) were subjected to varying periods of water deprivation prior to harvest and then to either full or no postharvest irrigation. Eight preharvest water deprivation (PWD) lengths ranging from 14 to 63 days were evaluated on a sandy loam soil with a rooting depth of about 1.5 m.Development of tree water deficits occurred rapidly following PWD. Predawn leaf water potential decreased to about -1.8 and -3.1 MPa after 10 and 20 days, respectively. Defoliation began about 30 days after PWD and trees subjected to more than 50 days

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Iglesias, Ignasi, and Ramon Botet. "The selection of appropriate rootstock and training system towards sustainable production of stone fruits." Italus Hortus 31, no. 1 (2024): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.26353/j.itahort/2024.1.5666.

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In stone fruit species, such as peach, cherry, apricot and plum labour requirement is important ranging from 45% to 71% of the total cost of production. In this sense, combining size controlling rootstocks as Rootpac® series, Isthara® and others in peach and plum, or Gisela® and Corette® series in cherry, with intensive bidimensional training systems based on central axis or bi axis resulted in earlier and higher yields, compared with the traditional open vase associated with vigorous rootstocks. The association of these intensive orchards with bidimensional canopies and good accessibility to

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Mahdavi, Shahla, Esmaeil Fallahi, and Gennaro Fazio. "The Influence of Rootstock on Fruit Ethylene, Respiration, Index of Absorbance Difference, Fruit Quality, and Production of ‘Aztec Fuji’ Apple under a Full-crop Condition." HortScience 57, no. 1 (2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci16253-21.

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Selection of dwarfing rootstocks that facilitate optimum production of high-quality fruit is crucial in modern high-density apple orchards. In addition to tree growth and yield, rootstocks can influence fruit maturity of scion cultivars in apples. In this study, the impact of 17 rootstocks on fruit maturity, yield, and quality attributes of ‘Aztec Fuji’ apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) at harvest were evaluated in a season when all trees were in a “full-crop” condition. Keeping sealed fruit at room temperature, a typical climacteric pattern was observed in ethylene evolution, respiration, and o

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Caron, G. E., B. S. P. Wang, and H. O. Schooley. "Effect of Tree Spacing, Cone Storage, and Prechilling on Germination of Picea glauca Seed." Forestry Chronicle 66, no. 4 (1990): 388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc66388-4.

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Cones were collected in 1984 at the time of natural seed dissemination from 18 open-pollinated, 30-year-o!d white spruce (Picea glauca(Moench) Voss) trees at 1.2, 2.4, and 4.9 m spacings in a demonstration seed production area at Petawawa National Forestry Institute. Cones were stored in a well-ventilated building for 2 to 6 weeks before seed extraction.Cones length, full-seed-yield per cone, and full-seed weight were greatest for cones collected from trees at the 1.2 m spacing. When cones were stored for 2 weeks, non-prechilled and prechilled seeds averaged 32.0 ± 1.0% [Formula: see text] and

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Zhang, Lu, Emilio Laca, Cara J. Allan, Narges M. Mahvelati, and Louise Ferguson. "Nonlinear Model Selection for Fruit and Kernel Development as a Function of Heat in Pistachio." HortScience 56, no. 7 (2021): 769–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci15722-21.

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Knowing a tree crop’s seasonal growth and development as a function of heat accumulation can facilitate scheduling of irrigation, pesticide applications, and harvest. Our objective was to compare the goodness of fit of applied models and determine which provides the best description of pistachio nut growth as a function of thermal unit accumulation. Three fruit growth traits of pistachio—pericarp (hull) + endocarp (shell) size, endocarp thickening and hardening, and embryo (kernel) size—exhibited clear nonlinear dependence on heat accumulation. We tested three nonlinear models—Michaelis–Menten

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