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1
Rowley, Irenie. "Acquiring functional categories : infl. and comp. revisited." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397358.
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Galasso, Joseph. "The acquisition of functional categories : a case study." Thesis, University of Essex, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284603.
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Yusuf, Mukhtar Abdulkadir. "Aspects of the morphosyntax of functional categories in Hausa." Thesis, University of Essex, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280705.
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Wakabayashi, Shigenori. "The acquisition of functional categories by learners of English." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266304.
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Barry, William T. Wright Fred A. Nobel Andrew B. "Resampling-based tests of functional categories in gene expression studies." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,693.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006.Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 10, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health." Discipline: Biostatistics; Department/School: Public Health.
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Tsimpli, Ianthi-Maria. "Functional categories and maturation : the prefunctional stage of language acquisition." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295630.
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Serratrice, Ludovica. "The emergence of functional categories in bilingual first language acquisition." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/17548.
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This thesis is a case study on the emergence of functional categories in bilingual first language acquisition. The investigation focuses on the transition from one-word to multiword utterances and the shaping of functional projections of Determiner, Agreement and Tense and their associated formal features. The empirical basis of this work is a corpus of thirty-nine videorecorded observations of Carlo, an English-Italian bilingual child, during free-play sessions with an adult. Data was collected separately for English and Italian for a period of fifteen months from when the child was 1;10 until he was 3;1, and was then transcribed in CHAT format. Four interrelated lines of enquiry inform the analysis presented here. The principal research question concerns the acquisitional strategies adopted by C. in these early stages of development in the two languages. A bilingual child is the closest one can get to a perfect matched pair where a number of variables such as socio-cognitive development, socio-economic status, parents' education, etc. are eliminated, and the two main variables to be investigated are the child's two input languages. This is an ideal situation in which the respective roles of general acquisitional strategies and language particular ones can be teased apart. An analysis of the emergence of the morphosyntactic correlates of Determiner, Agreement and Tense categories in English and Italian reveals a discrepancy between the two languages in the age of acquisition, rate of acquisition and in the language-specific strategies the child adopts. The observation of a significant difference in C.'s acquisitional strategies in English and Italian leads us to the second and third research questions: the way in which the emergence of functional categories differs between the two languages, and the reasons why this should be the case. The most obvious difference is the extent to which morphological correlates of functional categories emerge in the child's speech. In Italian, verbal and nominal morphology emerges earlier than in English and, at least in the nominal system, there is evidence that an Agreement category is part of the child's grammar. In English, verbal morphology is virtually non-existent by the end of the period of observation, and there is no substantial evidence that either Agreement or Tense are realised. Lexically-specific, item-based learning plays a substantial role in both languages, but in Italian there is some evidence that a number of grammatical contrasts are becoming productive by age 3;0, albeit some of them are still limited to a small number of lexical items. Two reasons were identified for the observed differences in the emergence of Determiner, Agreement and Tense in English and Italian: a typological reason, and an environmental reason. The former concerns the richness of Italian morphology, where grammatical contrasts are transparently marked both on nominal and verbal paradigms, as opposed to the relative poverty of English morphology where such contrasts correlate less obviously ans systematically with morphophonological markers. The latter reason concerns the very different input conditions in which C. is exposed to Italian and English: Italian is the home language spoken to him by his family and his babsysitters, while he is addressed in English by the staff at the nursery where one adult is in charge of several children and cannot engage in the one-to-one interaction which is typical of the dyadic situation in which C. finds himself at home. The differences observed in the lead-lag pattern between C.'s Italian and his English also provide sufficient evidence to address the fourth research question concerning the separate developement of the two languages. The analysis of the data did not reveal any systematic interferences from one language to the other. On the contrary there is evidence that C. is sensitive to the different morphosyntactic cues of his two input languages, and that he can treat the two as independent, self-contained problem spaces.
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Aljenaie, Khawla. "The emergence of tense and agreement in Kuwaiti Arabic children." Thesis, University of Reading, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269652.
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Arabatzi, Marina. "The production deficit in agrammatic aphasia : a neurolinguistic perspective." Thesis, University of Reading, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269729.
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Moss, Siobhan. "The acquisition of English functional categories by native speakers of Inuktitut /." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69632.
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Several current studies in language acquisition have focussed on the emergence of functional categories in first and second languages. The properties of functional categories can be exhibited through movement, inflections, case marking and the use of functional elements such as determiners and complementizers.This pilot study investigated the English second language of two groups of Inuktitut speaking schoolchildren at the beginning of the school year to see whether the properties of functional categories in English emerged in the same way as they do for first language speakers. While some of the Kindergarten children showed no access to these properties, others showed partial or complete access to them. Those children who had been in school one year demonstrated access to all of the properties under investigation. The results are discussed with respect to future research methodologies and studies of acquisition.
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Fong, Chung-man. "The development of functional categories in early Cantonese speaking child language." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36207871.
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Thesis (B. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences). The University of Hong Kong, May 4, 2001." Also available in print.
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Hohenberger, Annette. "Functional categories in language acquisition : self-organization of a dynamical system /." Tübingen : M. Niemeyer, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb399183751.
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Laka, Mugarza Miren Itziar. "Negation in syntax--on the nature of functional categories and projections." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13667.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 1990.Title as it appears in the Sept. 1990 M.I.T. Graduate List: On the nature of functional categories and projections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 260-270).
by Miren Itziar Laka Mugarza.
Ph.D.
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Paradis, Johanne. "Functional categories in the grammatical development of bilingual and second language children." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34763.
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The research for this dissertation is focused on the following two issues: (1) Can bilingual child language development be considered as 'two monolinguals in one', and (2) Can bilingual child language contribute uniquely to our understanding of the acquisition process in all children? Three studies examining functional categories in the grammatical development of bilingual and second language children were conducted in order to address these questions.Study 1 investigates potential interference between the developing grammars of three French-English bilingual children. Naturalistic production data were collected from the children at six month intervals between approximately 2;0 and 3;0 years of age. The data were examined for the children's acquisition of INFL and these results were compared with extant findings for monolingual French and English speaking children. The results indicate that these bilingual children showed no evidence of transfer, acceleration. or delay in acquisition and support the hypothesis that their grammars are acquired autonomously and like those of monolinguals.
The principle focus of Study 2 is an investigation of the continuity debate on functional category acquisition through an analysis of bilingual language development. In this study, the acquisition of INFL and DET by two French-English bilingual children was examined. These children were at an earlier stage of syntactic development than those in Study 1. Naturalistic production data were collected at two month intervals from the children, between approximately 2;0 to 3;0 years of age. The analyses indicate that INFL appeared at different times in the children's languages; whereas, DET appeared at the same time. The results are discussed with respect to the maturation and continuity views on the acquisition of functional categories. Because of the between-language discrepancy in the emergence of INFL, it is argued that these findings support a continuity perspective. It is also argued that bilingual first language acquisition provides unique evidence bearing on the continuity debate.
The principal focus of Study 3 is also the continuity debate on functional category acquisition, but in contrast to Study 2, the children in this study were second language learners. In this study, the acquisition of features within INFL, agreement and tense, were examined separately to determine if they are acquired in sequence. Fifteen English-speaking learners of French and five monolingual francophone grade-mates. participated in the study. A structured oral interview was given annually to each of the children from grade one to grade three, and the transcripts were analysed for the use of tense and agreement. The results revealed that items encoding agreement emerged before items encoding tense in the second language learners' speech, suggesting that these features emerge in sequence in their grammars. The findings are interpreted with respect to three prevailing views on continuity in the acquisition of functional phrase structure in second language acquisition. It is argued that a weak continuity position is best supported by the data.
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Paradis, Johanne Catherine. "Functional categories in the grammatical development of bilingual and second-language children." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ44547.pdf.
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Kwokwo, Odingowei [Verfasser]. "A Morphosyntactic Investigation of Functional Categories in English and Izon / Odingowei Kwokwo." Munich : GRIN Verlag, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1097484408/34.
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Bohnacker, Ute. "Icelandic plus English : language differentiation and functional categories in a successively bilingual child." Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5043/.
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This thesis investigates the formal and functional properties of the linguistic knowledge of a young bilingual child 'Katla' who successively acquires Icelandic (L1, from birth) and English (L2, from age 1:3). I present new longitudinal natural speech data which I collected in both Icelandic and English from Katla at regular intervals. Audio-recordings were made roughly three times per month at age 1 ;0-4;7 and transcribed in adapted CHILDES/CHAT format. Using a generative framework, I analyse Katla's data qualitatively and quantitatively, focusing on her morphology and syntax during the period 1;6-3;6: determiners and word order in nominals, copula constructions, progressive constructions, imperatives, negation, verb placement, verb inflections, auxiliaries, and periphrastic do. Katla's development is compared with monolingual English-speaking and Icelandic-speaking children, and, where applicable, with other bilinguals. Particular attention is paid to early grammar differentiation and cross- language influence, and to the relationship between child language and input (construction types and frequencies). The empirical results are evaluated in the light of current theories of language acquisition and generative approaches to syntax. Katla's first multi-word combinations (1;6) show productive use of functional morphology (determiners, copulas). Early on, there is evidence of movement into the DP, IP and CP domains, indicating continuity of these functional categories. Moreover, translational equivalents, language-specific functional morphemes and language-specific word orders in Katla's Icelandic and English bear evidence of early language differentiation in successive child bilingualism. The longitudinal development of morpho-syntax largely progresses along separate lines for Katla's two languages; there is no cross- language influence as regards head parameter and movement parameter settings. Some construction transfer occurs where L1 and L2 linear orders are similar. Ensuing implications for transfer and (de)learnability are addressed.
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Schell, Karyn. "Functional categories and the acquisition of aspect in L2 Spanish : a longitudinal study /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8407.
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McGarry, Theresa. "Review of the Acquisition of French in Different Contexts: Focus on Functional Categories." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6148.
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Excerpt: This collection of recent generative, mainly minimalist, studies on the acquisition of functional categories in French focuses on data from first language (L1), second language (L2), and bilingual acquisition and from specific language impairment (SLI).
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Jin, Jongdo. "Child second language acquisition : acquisition of English functional categories by Korean child L2 learners." Thesis, University of Reading, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422776.
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Osawa, Fuyo. "The rise of functional categories : syntactic parallels between first language acquisition and historial change." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326221.
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Morcom, Lindsay A. "The universality and demarcation of lexical categories cross-linguistically." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:15c6d591-9721-4a53-a390-848ea2df95af.
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Drawing data from a variety of sources, this thesis compares functional evidence regarding lexical categories from a number of Salish and Wakashan languages, as well as from the Michif language. It then applies Prototype Theory to examine the structure of the lexicons of these languages. They are described in terms of prototype categories that overlap to varying extents, with each category and each area of overlap defined by a central set of prototypical features. A high degree of gradience appears to exist between categories in Salish and Wakashan languages, with no clear boundary between categories or areas of overlap, indicating that lexical categories in these languages, rather than being clearly demarcated, are instead fuzzy categories with very little distinguishing them. Categories in Michif, on the other hand, exhibit far less overlap. This variation is compared to variation in conceptual categories across languages, and challenges the notions of the universality of clearly demarcated lexical categories and the existence of separately stored language module in the human mind. In spite of the variation in lexical category demarcation observed across the languages studied, it is possible to demarcate the categories of Noun and Verb to at least some extent in all languages, as well as a category of Adjective in some languages. This supports the proposed universality of the categories of Noun and Verb, as well as the implicational universals proposed in the Amsterdam Model of Parts of Speech (Hengeveld 1992a, b). It is also possible to identify a number of defining characteristics for each lexical category that appear to hold across languages. Since similar characteristics can be identified across languages for all categories, but the categories themselves display varying degrees of overlap in individual languages, this research supports the proposal that language universals, rather than consisting of structures, rules, and categories that are identical in all languages, are rather collections of prototypical characteristics for grammatical categories that are similar across languages (Croft 2000).
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Kuribara, Chieko. "Resettability of UG parameters in SLA : acquisition of functional categories by adult Japanese learners of English." Thesis, University of Reading, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314310.
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McGarry, Theresa. "The Acquisition of French in Different Contexts: Focus on Functional Categories, by Philippe Prévost and Johanne Paradis." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6159.
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Comeau, Marc A. "Premonoidal *-Categories and Algebraic Quantum Field Theory." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22652.
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Algebraic Quantum Field Theory (AQFT) is a mathematically rigorous framework
that was developed to model the interaction of quantum mechanics and relativity. In
AQFT, quantum mechanics is modelled by C*-algebras of observables and relativity
is usually modelled in Minkowski space. In this thesis we will consider a generalization
of AQFT which was inspired by the work of Abramsky and Coecke on abstract
quantum mechanics [1, 2]. In their work, Abramsky and Coecke develop a categorical
framework that captures many of the essential features of finite-dimensional quantum
mechanics.
In our setting we develop a categorified version of AQFT, which we call premonoidal
C*-quantum field theory, and in the process we establish many analogues of
classical results from AQFT. Along the way we also exhibit a number of new concepts,
such as a von Neumann category, and prove several properties they possess.
We also establish some results that could lead to proving a premonoidal version
of the classical Doplicher-Roberts theorem, and conjecture a possible solution to constructing
a fibre-functor. Lastly we look at two variations on AQFT in which a causal
order on double cones in Minkowski space is considered.
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Mobaraki, Mohsen. "Functional categories in the L2 acquisition of English Morpho-syntax : a longitudinal study of two Farsi-speaking children." Thesis, Durham University, 2007. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2568/.
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This is a longitudinal case study of two Farsi-speaking children learning English: 'Bernard' and 'Melissa', who were 7;4 and 8;4 at the start of data collection. The research deals with the initial state and further development in the child second language (L2) acquisition of syntax regarding the presence or absence of functional categories, as well as the role and degree of L1 influence in this regard. Some studies in the field of child L1 acquisition are discussed to determine similarities or differences between child L1 and child L2 acquisition. Examining data collected from the children's spontaneous speech, the researcher's diaries and translation and other tasks over a period of 20 months, the competing claims of the two most prominent hypotheses about early L2 grammars are tested: Vainikka & Young-Scholten's (1996) Minimal Trees/Structure Building hypothesis and Schwartz & Sprouse's (1996) Full Transfer/Full Access hypothesis. Word order, use of rote-learned formulae, suppliance of copula/auxiliary be, modals, questions, case assignment, finiteness, presence of null subjects, subject-verb agreement, negation and tense marking are investigated, and the conclusion is reached that functional categories are absent at the initial state and that they emerge without the learners' reliance on their L1, consistent with Minimal Trees/Structure Building. A difference is observed between the two subjects regarding development of some aspects of verbal morphology, and standardized tests of intelligence, aptitude, verbal memory and phonological awareness show that processing speed and what can be described as 'verbalness' are important factors affecting the rate of development of these elements.
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Ratwatte, Hemamala. "Activating vs. resetting functional categories in SLA : the acquisition of AGR and TNS in English by Sinhalese first language speakers." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21478.
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This study is concerned with the acquisition of Functional categories (FCs) in a second language: a FC that is not activated in the learners native language and a FC that is activated in the L1 but with parametrically variant properties. It focuses on the development and the knowledge representation at ultimate attainment of the two types of FC's in the ILG of native speakers of Sinhalese learning English as a second language. The FC's focused on are AGR(eement) and TNS (Tense). AGR is not instantiated in Sinhala, hence, it has to be 'activated' in the L2. TNS, is activated in both languages but with parametrically variant values. It was predicted that learners carryover FCs common to the L1 and L2 together with their L1 properties. Hence, in the acquisition of English, these learners have to 'reset' the values to TNS. A series of tests was carried out to determine the knowledge representation of AGR and TNS, in the developing grammars and at near-native level. Acceptability judgements were elicited from a cross-sectional sample of learners ranging from lower-intermediate to near-native and a control group of native speakers. It was predicted that L2 learners have access to the 'Universal Grammar (UG) lexicon' and are therefore able to activate FC's not activated in the L1, and that they are also able to 'reset' values to FC's. It is assumed that the Principles of UG are universal and available to all learners. It was hypothesised that the availability of the UG lexicon will be reflected in the nature of the knowledge representation at ultimate attainment, i.e., whether the underlying competence is incomplete, divergent or complete.
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Melhem, Woroud. "Investigating variability in the acquisition of English functional categories by L1 speakers of Latakian Syrian Arabic and L1 speakers of Mandarin Chinese." Thesis, University of Essex, 2016. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/18722/.
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A widely studied L2 behaviour in the SLA literature is that of the inconsistency in the production of functional morphology by advanced and endstate L2 learners. The level of inconsistency seems to vary among L2 learners, for instance, SD, a Turkish endstate learner of English (White 2003a) was highly accurate in the production of English inflectional morphology compared with Patty, also an endstate learner of English whose L1 is Chinese (Lardiere 2007). The literature is divided on whether to consider the absence of overt morphology in L2 performance to be a reflection of underlying syntax, thus indicating the absence of corresponding syntactic features, or whether it is an indication of a missing surface inflection only. A proponent of the first account is Hawkins (2009) who claims that a deficit in the L2 syntax, exemplified by the inability of L2 learners to acquire uninterpretable features not instantiated in the L1 grammar beyond the critical period causes the inconsistent suppliance of functional morphology in the interlanguage. On the other hand, Lardiere (2008) and Goad et al. (2003) describe types of post-syntactic problems causing variability: difficulty in mapping between different components of the grammar, and L1 transfer of prosodic structures, respectively. To test the claims of the above hypotheses, this study provides comparative data from two groups of L2 learners who differ with respect to the L1: Latakian Syrian Arabic or Mandarin Chinese. These two languages differ from each other in terms of which functional features are overtly represented in the morphosyntax, but are similar in the manner functional material is prosodified in relation to stems. Results based on the data collected do not lend support to claims of L1 prosodic transfer; they are rather compatible with an account that combines claims from both the Representational Deficit Hypothesis and the Feature Re-assembly hypothesis.
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Yilmaz, Gokcen. "An Automated Defect Detection Approach For Cosmic Functional Size Measurement Method." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614646/index.pdf.
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Software size measurement provides a basis for software project management and plays an important role for its activities such as project management estimations, process benchmarking, and quality control. As size can be measured with functional size measurement (FSM) methods in the early phases of the software projects, functionality is one of the most frequently used metric. On the other hand, FSMs are being criticized by being subjective.
The main aim of this thesis is increasing the accuracy of the measurements, by decreasing the number of defects concerning FSMs that are measured by COSMIC FSM method. For this purpose, an approach that allows detecting defects of FSMs automatically is developed. During the development of the approach, first of all error classifications are established. To detect defects of COSMIC FSMs automatically, COSMIC FSM Defect Detection Approach (DDA) is proposed. Later, based on the proposed approach, COSMIC FSM DDT (DDT) is developed.
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Leung, Yan-kit Ingrid. "Functional categories in second and third language acquisition : a cross-linguistic study of the acquisition of English and French by Chinese and Vietnamese speakers." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82915.
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This thesis investigates non-native language acquisition of the verbal and nominal functional domains in Second language (L2) English and second/third language (L2/L3) French by Chinese and Vietnamese speakers. Six experimental studies are reported. Two current competing theories in the field of theoretical second language acquisition (L2A), namely, the Failed Features Hypothesis (FFH) and the Full Transfer Full Access (FTFA) model are compared and their applicability to third language acquisition (L3A) evaluated in the light of our data.A version of the Minimalist Program is assumed in this work. Predictions based on FFH and FTFA are as follows: As far as L2A is concerned, both FFH and FTFA predict full transfer of L1 in the L2 initial state. With respect to L3A, FFH predicts the initial state to be L1 while FTFA predicts either L1 or L2. The two models diverge regarding their predictions on the L2/L3 transitional and steady states. In particular, FFH hypothesizes permanent "failure" and persistent L1 influence in L2/L3 interlanguage while FTFA hypothesizes full access and acquirability of target structures.
Three L2/L3 experimental studies on the verbal functional domain (i.e. tense and agreement) and another three on the nominal functional domain (i.e. the Determiner Phrase) were conducted. Subjects include Chinese monolingual learners of English, Vietnamese monolingual learners of French as well as Chinese-English bilingual learners of French. A variety of tasks were used to test the predictions made by the two models. Results demonstrate partial transfer of L1 in the L2 initial state and of L2 in the L3 initial state, and point towards full access in the L2/L3 steady states. These findings do not seem to be consistent with FFH. It appears that FTFA is a more viable theory for non-native language acquisition. We also contend that L3A is not simply another case of L2A.
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Böhm, Julia Veronica. "La imperfectividad en la prensa española y su relación con las categorías semánticas de modalidad y evidencialidad." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100099.
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Ce travail offre une nouvelle perspective sur l’analyse de l’imperfectivité dans la presse espagnole. Le point de départ pour cette analyse est la catégorie sémantico-fonctionnelle de l’aspectualité qui peut être exprimée en espagnol par l’aspect, aktionsart, des adverbes, des périphrases verbales, etc. Sur la base de l’imperfectivité comme une catégorie sémantico-fonctionnelle, qui comprend tous les moyens possibles pour exprimer l’indétermination sémantique comme l’imparfait(cantaba), le présent (canta), ESTAR+GERUNDIO, etc., il est possible d’établir un lien sémantique avec d’autres catégories sémantiques comme la temporalité, la modalité et l’évidentialité où le point central de ce chevauchement est constitué par la perspective du locuteur, à partir de laquelle il formule son énoncé, ce qui est associé à sa subjectivité dans le choix, par exemple, d’une forme verbale imperfective(cantaba) dans des contextes où devrait apparaître une forme verbale perfective(cantó) : El valor total […] ascendía a unos 5.950 euros.Bien que, dans certains contextes, cette décision puisse être expliquée de façon grammaticale, dans d’autres contextes (textes journalistiques) cela ne semble pas être le cas parce que le locuteur se sert de l’indétermination sémantique exprimée par le pretérito imperfecto pour exprimer ses énoncés avec une intention,par exemple, pour signaler une distanciation, une reprise d’énoncés, etc.À cause de son indétermination sémantique, l’imperfectivité se rapproche d’autres fonctions sémantiques comme la modalité épistémique et l’évidentialité indirecte qui permettent de donner à une situation un caractère ‘ouvert’ ou ‘indéterminé’ pour exprimer par exemple une supposition, la reprise d’une citation ou la distanciation du locuteur face à ce qui a ditThe aim of this study is to analyse the use of imperfectivity in the Spanishpress. The point of departure for this analysis is the semantic-functional category ofaspectuality which can be expressed in Spanish by diverse linguistic means likegrammatical aspect, Aktionsarten, adverbs, verbal periphrases, etc. By consideringimperfectivity as a semantic-functional category, which comprises all the possiblelinguistic means to express semantic indeterminacy like the Spanish imperfecto(cantaba), presente (canta), ESTAR+GERUNDIO, etc., a semantic relation to othercategories such as temporality, modality and evidentiality can be made. Thesecategories interplay with the speaker’s stance in expressing an utterance, which isassociated with subjectivity. For example, an imperfective verb form (cantaba) maybe chosen in contexts where the perfective verb form (cantó) is expected to appear:El valor total […] ascendía a unos 5.950 euros (‘The total value […] rose (imperfecto)to some 5.950 euros’).Although in some contexts the use of the imperfective verb form isgrammatically motivated, there are other contexts where this is not the case, e.g. injournalistic texts. The speaker takes advantage of the semantic indeterminacy of theSpanish imperfecto cantaba with a specific intention like showing distance from theutterance or reproducing an utterance made by third parties, etc.Thus imperfectivity, due to its semantic indeterminacy, relates to othersemantic functions like epistemic modality and indirect evidentiality by which asituation is presented as open and undetermined, e.g. the expression of asupposition, or a quotation, or a speaker’s distance from his utterance
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Partridge, Maristi. "Specificity in lexical verbs : a corpus-based lexicological study / Maristi Partridge." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7253.
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Several theorists (amongst whom Halliday & Matthiessen, 2004:175) have stated that the verb (or the verbal group) is the core element in clauses and is largely responsible for the grammatical structure of language. In spite of this pivotal role that verbs fulfil in clauses, lexical specificity is rarely investigated in this class. Instead researchers prefer to investigate lexical specificity in the noun class. It is against this background that the main purpose of this study is to investigate specificity in the lexical verbs of first language (L1) English users and Black South African English (BSAE) users. In order to achieve this aim the secondary aims of the study are: to develop a framework for the analysis of lexical specificity in the lexical verb word class
(ii) to compare specificity with regard to lexical verbs in L1 English and BSAE by using corpora, which allows one to firstly test the analysis framework on corpus data and secondly to determine whether or not lexical verbs in BSAE are less specific than lexical verbs in L1 English
(iii) to establish the reasons for the differences in lexical specificity with regard to lexical verbs between L1 English and BSAE English.
In order to achieve these aims, two corpora were used: the Louvain Corpus of Native English Essays (also known as LOCNESS) that consists of texts written by a subpopulation of L1 English users and the Tswana Learner English Corpus (also known as the TLE) that consists of texts written by a subpopulation of BSAE users. The results obtained in this study were interpreted from both a systemic functional perspective and a cognitive perspective. The initial quantitative results indicated that even though the BSAE users use lexical verbs (tokens) more frequently than L1 English users do, the BSAE users have fewer lexical verb lemmas (types) at their disposal than the L1 English users. Statistical tests determined that the mean type/token ratio between the two independent corpora is not only significant, but that the degree to which there is more specificity in the lexical verbs of the L1 English users than in the lexical verbs of the BSAE users is large. Due to space constraints, the qualitative part of the study focused only on the communication verbs in LOCNESS and the TLE. In order to provide an in-depth overview of the communication verbs, the communication verbs were divided into five semantic subcategories (using frequency counts and semantic considerations). They are:
(i) to say something in a particular manner]
(ii) to say something in order to express one’s feelings]
(iii) to say something in order to convey information]
(iv) to say something to someone in order to elicit a certain response]
(v) to say something in response to something already said]
Each of these semantic categories in turn was divided into semantic subcategories to present a detailed insight into the communication verbs employed in both LOCNESS and the TLE. In the study it was determined that there is overall more specificity in the lexical verbs of the L1 English users than in the lexical verbs of the L2 English users. It was also determined that there is overall more lexical diversity within the lexical verbs of the L1 English users. The following factors influenced the lexical specificity and lexical diversity in the corpora:
(i) In cases where more general communication verbs are elaborated by verbs containing manner elaborations, the BSAE users tend not to use the more specific verbs.
(ii) Communication verbs that usually play an important role in academic literacy (such as summarise and argue) are used to a lesser extent by the BSAE users than the L1 English users.
(iii) In cases where a communication verb could possibly belong to another semantic category (as is the case with the verbs stress and maintain) the BSAE users tend to avoid using the verbs as communication verbs.
(iv) Some communication verbs (such as demand and beg) acquired additional meanings in BSAE.
(v) Some essay topics in both LOCNESS and the TLE influenced the frequencies of some communication verbs in the respective corpora.
Considering the factors above, it was found that being a L2 English user means that English will not always function in the same contexts for the BSAE users as it would for the L1 English users. Therefore the vocabulary of the BSAE users will only be specific and diversified in those semantic categories needed to function in certain contexts.
Consequently, the findings of this study can be used to contribute to the development of pedagogical material in academic literacy courses being presented to BSAE users to create an awareness of the variation in English and all the contexts in which it can function. The findings can also be of value to researchers in the fields of lexicography and computational linguistics.Thesis (M.A. (English))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2011
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Eliasson, Mary-Anne. "Aquisição bilíngue sueco-português : A produção do português brasileiro como a língua mais fraca em crianças bilíngues simultâneas em Estocolmo." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för spanska, portugisiska och latinamerikastudier, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-75135.
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This study concerns simultaneous bilingual acquisition (2L1) of Swedish-Brazilian children growing up in mixed-lingual families in Stockholm, with Swedish as their dominant language. Earlier studies on this language combination were not found. Not even were there any studies considering 2L1 children of the same age group as our main subjects (Anna 7;7,3–9;1,30, Maria 6;1,16–6;11,11). An analysis of their acquisition of Brazilian Portuguese (BP) as a weaker language (WL) was carried out in a Generative Grammar approach, mainly through the selective theory of language acquisition. The corpus consists of interviews with 2L1 children in a semi-longitudinal registration of their production. The focus of this analysis lies on the observation of three domains of BP grammar that differ morpho-syntactically from Swedish: verb inflection; VP as minimal responses; NP number and gender agreement. Three main research questions were formulated: 1) Are the simple and robust structures, provided by domestic input enough for triggering the functional categories (FC) of their WL? 2) If the FCs are activated, do they develop in the same sequence as a WL as they would in BPL1? 3) If the 2L1 children show any deviations in acquiring the grammar of their WL, is it possible to distinguish any influence from Swedish? To answer these questions a contrastive study was carried out, comparing the acquisition of BPWL with studies on 2L1 and BPL1 acquisition. The results show that the domestic input is enough for triggering the grammar of the WL, and that it was triggered and developed through a similar procedure to that of BPL1, although delayed. Contact with BPL1 input in Brazil was necessary to activate the children’s oral production. When using VPs for minimal responses it requires more than domestic input, and the influence of Swedish was reflected in the subjects’ use of sim ‘yes’ instead of VPs, as in this case grammar enters the domain of discourse at the syntax/pragmatics interface.
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Vinogradova, Polina. "Investigating Structure in Turing Categories." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20505.
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The concept of a computable function is quite a well-studied one, however, it is possible to capture certain important properties of computability categorically. A special type of category used for this purpose is called a Turing category. This thesis starts with a brief overview of Turing categories, followed by a study of additional categorical structure they may contain, based on the types of structure found in the world of computable functions, and how this is reflected in the underlying combinatorial structures.
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Lusignan, Geoffrey. "A proposal to extend the methodological function of Aristotle's categories." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4742.
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Falgin, Jonas, and Kaisa Blomster. "Svenska crossfitutövares bakgrund, skadeprevalens & förekommande skadekategorier : En kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Idrottsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-24339.
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Introduction: Crossfit is a modern sport that yearly expands worldwide. The goal of the sport is to develop performance and fitness so athletes can optimize their performance in many training categories. Furthermore, the sports WOD:s is complex, where many physiological challenges occur. The athlete is forced to push their limits of the movements, where there is a possibility for failure between the muscle fibers activation and synchronization. This can risk the sports security regarding injuries because of insufficient motor performance. A study from 2014 estimate the injury prevalence in crossfit to be 20%. Meanwhile a study from 2017 showed that the injury prevalence increased to 31,91%. Method: The objective of this study was to examine the crossfit athlete background, injury prevalence and injury categories between oktober 2016 - april 2017 in Sweden. A Brazilian survey was used in this study. The survey was modified and translated to Swedish before administered to certified crossfit facilities around the country. The method for this study used a descriptive cross-sectional design with a quantitative distribution of an online survey. Result: The common crossfit athlete is preferably 32 years or older, had a sedentary work and strict training routines with years of experience. Furthermore, 58 of 190 participants sustained a total of 87 injuries the past 6 month. This correlates to an injury prevalence of 30,5% for the crossfit athletes in Sweden. Furthermore, the most common injury categories were located on the neck/spine (21,84%), shoulder (18,39%), skeletal muscle (16,09%) and knee (16,09%). Therefore, the sport can cause different injuries throughout participation. Conclusion: Due to a high injury prevalence and a wide variation of injuries does the sport show a high injury risk, despite the athletes training experience. It takes more research to know the exact mechanisms for the injuries and how they can be prevented.Introduktion: Crossfit är en nykommen sport somårligen växer världen över. Sporten syftar till att förbättra prestation och fitness i medvetenhet att optimera kompetens i alla fysiska kvalitéer. Dock finns det en komplexitet med att inkludera flera fysiska utmaningar i träningen. Utövaren tvingas utföra rörelserna med maximal insats för att inte misslycka samspelet mellan muskelfibrernas aktivering och synkronisering. Sådana misslyckanden kan äventyra säkerheten på grund av otillräcklig motorisk prestation. Studier från andra länder har uppmärksammat crossfitens skadeprevalens de senaste åren. Första studien från 2014 visar en prevalens på 20%, medan nyaste studien från 2017 visar en prevalens på 31,91%. Syfte: Denna studie har undersökt Sveriges crossfitutövares bakgrund, skadeprevalens och skadekategorier mellan oktober 2016 t.o.m. april 2017. Metod: Studien har använt en kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie genom elektroniska enkäter. Enkäten har ursprung från en Brasiliansk studie som modifierades till svenska. Enkäten blev e-postad till Sveriges certifierade anläggningar i syfte att vidarebefordra enkäten till utövarna. Resultat: Studien bygger på 190 fullständiga enkätsvar som har generaliserats till Sveriges crossfitutövare. Resultatet visade att den generella crossfitutövaren ofta är över 32 år, har ett stillasittande yrke samt strikta träningsrutiner och många års träningserfarenheter, både inom och utanför crossfit. Skadeprevalensen visade att 30,5% av utövarna hade skadat sig de senaste 6 månaderna, då skadorna var lokaliserat på flera delar av kroppen. Vanligaste var nack-/rygg-(21,84%), axel-(18,39%), muskel-(16,09%) och knäskada (16,09%). Slutsats: Studien visade att Crossfitutgör en skaderisk trots erfaren träningsbakgrund. Men det krävs utförligare forskning för att kunna tyda de exakta mekanismerna för skadeuppkomsten. Det är viktigt att studier utförs för att förbättra sportens säkerhet eftersom anläggningar/organisationer ökar och forskning saknas.
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Klein, Brandi A. "Spatial Stroop Interference as a Function of the Prototypicality of Spatial Positions." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1269183549.
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Mirandez, Roberta Massariolli. "Estudo da fluência verbal em categorias múltiplas no comprometimento cognitivo leve." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5138/tde-05012016-110612/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: A queixa de dificuldades cognitivas, especialmente de memória, é frequente entre idosos e, no envelhecimento normal, pode ocorrer um declínio mensurável da memória, que não acarreta declínio funcional significativo. Levando-se em conta que o comprometimento cognitivo leve (CCL) pode representar um estágio transicional entre o envelhecimento saudável e a doença de Alzheimer (DA), o estudo das alterações de linguagem no CCL procura comparar os déficits descritos em ambos, com o intuito de detectar prejuízos que possam auxiliar na identificação precoce de indivíduos com declínio cognitivo que apresentem maior risco de conversão para demência. OBJETIVOS: Verificar o padrão de desempenho de pacientes com CCL em testes de fluência verbal (FV) semântica (frutas, animais, meios de transporte), FAS-COWA (fluência fonológica) e fluência de verbos; determinar qual categoria de FV dentre as estudadas permite a melhor discriminação entre idosos cognitivamente saudáveis e CCL. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 67 idosos (37 cognitivamente saudáveis - controles - e 30 com CCL) por meio dos testes de FV descritos. O desempenho dos grupos nas provas de FV em função de intervalos de tempo (15, 30, 45 e 60 seg) foi também registrado. RESULTADOS: O grupo CCL apresentou pior desempenho em todas as tarefas de FV (p < 0,0001). As notas de corte obtidas para as diversas tarefas foram: 14 (animais), 12 (frutas e meios de transporte), 41 (fonológica) e 11 (verbos).As provas se mostraram equivalentes na diferenciação entre controles e CCL, com discreta superioridade para a fluência de animais, que classificou corretamente 73,9% dos indivíduos (p < 0,0001). Pacientes com CCL apresentaram desempenho inferior ao dos controles de forma consistente durante todo o período de cronometragem das provas; o número de palavras geradas decresceu progressivamente em cada quartil de tempo em todas as categorias de FV, em ambos os grupos (p < 0,0001). CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com CCL apresentaram pior desempenho em todas as tarefas de FV, sendo a fluência de animais a mais acurada para a discriminação entre CCL e idosos cognitivamente saudáveisINTRODUCTION: Complaints of cognitive difficulties, especially memory, are frequent among the elderly and, in normal aging, a measurable decline in memory, which does not cause significant functional decline may occur. Taking into account that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may represent a transitional stage between healthy aging and Alzheimer\'s disease (AD), the study of language disorders in MCI seeks to compare deficits described in both groups, in order to detect impairments that may aid in the early identification of individuals with cognitive decline that pose a higher risk of conversion to dementia. OBJECTIVES: To verify the performance of MCI patients in semantic verbal fluency (VF) tasks (fruits, animals, means of transportation), FAS - COWA (phonological fluency) and verb fluency; to determine which category of VF among those studied allows better discrimination between cognitively healthy elderly and MCI. METHOD: Sixty-seven elderly were evaluated through the above-described VF tasks (37 cognitively healthy elderly - controls - and 30 MCI patients). The performance of both groups in all VF tasks according to time intervals (15, 30, 45 and 60 sec).was also recorded. RESULTS: The MCI group performed worse than controls in all VF tasks (p < 0,0001). The cut off scores for the different VF tasks were: 14 (animals), 12 (fruits and means of transportation), 41 (phonological), and 11 (verbs). All tasks were equivalent in the discrimination between controls and MCI, being the animal fluency slightly superior in accuracy (correct classification: 73.9% of subjects, p < 0.0001). The MCI group exhibited worse performance in all time intervals; the number of generated words decreased progressively for each quartile of time in all VF categories in both groups (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: MCI patients performed worse than controls n all proposed VF tasks. Animal fluency was the most accurate to discriminate MCI patients from cognitively healthy elderly
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Ataíde, Cleber Alves de. "O comportamento sintático-semântico da categoria gramatical de sujeito em títulos jornalísticos: uma abordagem funcionalista." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2008. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/6483.
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This research proposes a study of the syntactic- semantic dimensions of the lexical items that, syntactically, exercise a function of subject in journalistic titles. Still it investigates the configuration of verbal constructions, observing its pragmatic- ideological motivations subjacent to the journalistic context. Our investigation stars from the principle that, in the titles sentence type ( SVO- SV), for example Justice limits liberty of the supporters, the position of the subject is occupied by expressions that assume metonymically the paper of controller of the dynamic process expressed by the verb, as in these enunciates there are a kind of configuration of sense of the subject, as its main characteristic prototypical characteristic of agentivity is frequently dissociated. To the realization of the analysis, we constituted a corpus of 120 journalistic news published in two periodic from Pernambuco, through the years 2006, 20007 and 2008 and analyzed the expressions from the left side of the verb (process). To the discussion of the obtained results we proceeded, methodologically, as follows: we presented the occurrences number of the processes, taking into account the frequency of determined kind present in our corpus; we verified the participants actor, beneficiary, experiencer and teller, to verify in which way these participants represent the referred entity in the position of subject in a determined thematic area: politics, economy and urban life and, to finish, we categorized the representation of the first participant ( P1), that, syntactically, expresses the subject, according to Souza ( 2006, p. 165), as nominal syntagmas (SN) of two kinds: the lexical SN, having as a centre a noun, modified or not; the individualized SN ( SNi), subtype of SNL, that that has as a centre a being. To evidence such position, we fundament in the pretext of Systemic- Functional Linguistic of Halliday ( 1985), Halliday & Mathiessen ( 2004), Souza ( 2006) and Furtado da Cunha & Souza ( 2007). We observed that the nominal syntagmas (SNs) that occupy a position of subjects in the journalistic titles accomplish the most varied forms of representativity and that these syntagmas represent semantic-pragmatic behaviours determined by the thematic context.
Esta pesquisa propõe um estudo das dimensões sintático-semânticas dos itens lexicais que, sintaticamente, exercem a função de sujeito em títulos jornalísticos. Ainda investiga a configuração de construções verbais, observando suas motivações pragmático-ideológicas subjacentes ao contexto jornalístico. Nossa investigação parte do princípio de que, nos títulos do tipo oracional (SVO SV), por exemplo, Justiça limita liberdade dos torcedores, a posição de sujeito é ocupada por expressões que assumem metonimicamente o papel de controlador do processo dinâmico expresso pelo verbo, uma vez que nestes enunciados há uma certa reconfiguração de sentido do sujeito, pois sua principal característica prototípica de agentividade é freqüentemente desassociada. Para a realização das análises, constituímos um corpus de 120 títulos de notícias jornalísticas publicados em dois periódicos pernambucanos, ao longo dos anos 2006, 2007 e 2008 e analisamos as expressões ocupantes do lado esquerdo do verbo (processo). Para discussão dos resultados obtidos procedemos, metodologicamente, da seguinte forma: apresentamos o número de ocorrências dos processos, levando em conta a freqüência de determinado tipo presente em nosso corpus; verificamos os participantes ator, beneficiário, experienciador e dizente, a fim de averiguar de que forma esses participantes representam a entidade referida na posição de sujeito em determinada área temática: política, economia e vida urbana e, por fim, categorizamos a representação do primeiro participante (P1) que, sintaticamente, expressa o sujeito, conforme Souza (2006, p. 165), como sintagma nominal (SN) de dois tipos: o SN lexical (SNL), tendo como núcleo um substantivo, modificado ou não; o SN individualizado (SNi), subtipo do SNL, aquele que tem como núcleo um indivíduo. Para evidenciar tal posicionamento, fundamentamo-nos em pressupostos da Lingüística Sistêmico-Funcional de Halliday (1985), Halliday & Mathiessen (2004), Souza (2006) e Furtado da Cunha & Souza (2007). Constatamos que os sintagmas nominais (SNs) que ocupam a posição de sujeito nos títulos jornalísticos cumprem as mais variadas formas de representatividade e que esses sintagmas representam comportamentos semânticopragmáticos determinados pelo contexto temático.
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Adéwọlé, Lawrence Olufemi. "The categorial status and the functions of the Yoruba auxiliary verbs with some structural analyses in GPSG." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25364.
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Reiser, Renata Hax Sander. "A categoria computável dos espaços coerentes gerados por conjuntos básicos com aplicação em análise real." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/18235.
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Neste trabalho desenvolve-se um estudo sobre os Espaços Coerentes Gerados por Conjuntos Básicos, dotados de uma estrutura adicional. Por estrutura adicional entende-se uma estrutura algébrica, de ordem pontual, de medidas, topológica e lógica. Estes espaços, denotados por , constituem uma subcategoria dos Espaços Coerentes, cujos objetos, ordenados pela inclusão, são conjuntos coerentes constituídos por subconjuntos do conjunto básico, os quais estão relacionados pela relação de coerência induzida, que estrutura a teia deste espaço. Os morfismos desta categoria são as funções de objetos geradas por funções básicas. As propriedades algébricas e relacionais destas funções básicas, externas ao processo de construção, ao se propagarem, passam a influenciar na verificação das propriedades internas das funções de objetos. Contudo, este trabalho não é um estudo categórico. A metodologia adotada utiliza a linguagem simples e intuitiva da Teoria dos Conjuntos, que possibilita a visualização e a análise dos relacionamentos existentes, não apenas entre os morfismos que envolvem os objetos totais ou parciais desta categoria, mas também das estruturas ou pré-estruturas externas que os formam, representados pelas funções de tokens e funções básicas. Mostra-se que as funções de objetos são totais e bem definidas, alem de serem monótonas e continuas neste espaço. Entretanto a análise da estabilidade, e consequentemente da linearidade esta associada a injetividade das funções básicas. Uma das características mais importantes da construção proposta e o desenvolvimento de um sistema de representação linear para funções localmente lineares, com a definição do espaço coerente A* gerado pelo produto de subteias. Neste espaço, as funções de objetos são lineares e coincidem com os morfismo da categoria dos espaços coerentes. Além disso, mostra-se que A* e isomorfo ao espaço coerente gerado pelo produto direto dos sub-espaços, ПĄ. Desta forma, toda transformação definida para um tipo de dado estruturado a partir de um conjunto básico enumerável tem uma representação linear, constituída pelos morfismos da categoria dos espaços coerentes. A existência da representação linear para as funções elementares garante a existência da representação linear para outras funções derivadas destas. Apresenta-se ainda uma especificação desta construção, introduzindo-se o Espaço Coerente de Intervalos Racionais, IIQ. Na busca de uma aplicação compatível com uma abordagem computacional, em especial para Análise Real, mostra-se que, em IIQ, cada função real elementar esta identificada com uma função de objetos linear, definida a partir da correspondente função elementar racional. Dentre as funções que foram analisadas destacam-se: a exponencial, a logarítmica, a potência, a potência estendida, a raiz n-ésima, as funções trigonométricas como seno, cosseno e tangente e suas correspondentes funções inversas, como também a função polinomial. Verificou-se que todas estas funções de objetos são totais, bem definidas, ou pertencem ou possuem uma representação linear na categoria COSP-LIN dos espaços coerentes, alem de serem fechadas para os objetos totais e quasi-totais deste espaço, sendo possível estabelecer o correspondente par-projeção para cada uma delas.In this work the Coherence Spaces Generated by Basic Sets with additional structure are studied. By additional structure one means an algebraic, topological and logical structure with a punctual order and a measure system. These spaces, indicated by A, are a subcategory of the category of Coherence Spaces, whose objects, ordered by inclusion, are coherent sets formed by the induced web coherence relation. The morphisms of this category are the functions of objects generated by basic functions. The algebraic and relational properties of these basic functions - external to the construction process - are propagated and cause important influences in the verification of the internal properties of the functions of objects However, this research is not a categorical study. The methodology uses the simple and intuitive language of the Set Theory, which allows the visualization and the analysis of the existing relationships, not only among, the morphisms of the total and partial objects of this category, but also among their structures or pre-structures, represented by the functions of tokens and basic functions. It is shown that the functions of objects are total and well defined. They are also monotone and continuous. However the stability and the linearity of the functions of objects depend on the fact if the basic functions are injective or not. One of the most important features of this construction is the development of a linear representation system for the local linear functions, by the definition of a coherence space A*, which is generated by the subweb product. In this space the functions of objects are linear and therefore they are the morphisms of the category of Coherence Spaces. Moreover, it is proved that A* is isomorphic to the coherence space generated by the directed product of the subspaces, denoted by ПĄ . Then, for each transformation defined for a structured data type considering a denumerable basic set there exists its related linear representation. The existence of a linear representation for elementary functions guarantees the existence of a linear representation for others derived functions. As an application of this construction, the Coherence Space of Rational Intervals, denoted by IIQ, is introduced. In order to show an application which is compatible to a computational approach, specially for the real analysis, each elementary real function is identified with a linear function of objects, defined considering the related elementary rational function. Some of the analyzed functions are the exponential, the logarithmic, the power , the extended power, the root, the trigonometric (sine, cosine and tangent and their relates inverses), and the polynomial functions. It is proved that all of these functions of objects are total and well defined. Moreover, either they belong to the category COPS-LIN of the coherence spaces or they have a linear representation in the same category. It is also possible to define a related projection pair for each one of them.
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Marroquín, Maritza Chirinos. "Adequação às condições brasileiras de modelo de caracterização para a categoria de impacto uso do solo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-10072014-164910/.
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O uso intensivo de áreas do solo provoca alterações na sua qualidade, tornando-se necessária a criação de métodos de avaliação e monitoramento. A técnica de Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV) é uma importante ferramenta para o cálculo de impactos ambientais, relativos a um sistema de produto com fronteiras delimitadas, sendo o Uso do Solo uma das categorias de impacto avaliada. Na ACV este impacto é avaliado, a partir de fatores de caracterização, os quais utilizam indicadores que quantificam as consequências de modificações na estrutura do solo, levando em consideração a realidade e as características morfológicas de cada país ou região. Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar adequações relacionadas às condições brasileiras do modelo para a caracterização de impactos provocados pelo uso do solo, a partir da adaptação de fatores de caracterização. De acordo com a pesquisa bibliográfica acerca dos métodos de avaliação do uso do solo na ACV, dois grupos são avaliados a Biodiversidade e as Funções de Suporte de Vida (FSV). Neste estudo foram identificados diferentes métodos que avaliam os impactos nas FSV e a partir de alguns critérios adotados foram posteriormente submetidos a uma análise, a fim de se determinar o método de maior relevância para as condições brasileiras. O método escolhido utiliza como indicador a Matéria Orgânica do Solo (MOS), porém devido à ausência de dados em algumas regiões, podem ser utilizados valores de Carbono Orgânico do Solo (COS), componente essencial da MOS. Os valores para o COS no estado natural foram atribuídos segundo dados de literatura para o bioma Amazônia, os quais foram posteriormente adaptados para se obter o COS para os tipos de uso de solo considerados neste estudo, segundo a realidade brasileira.The intensive use of land areas cause changes in its quality, making it necessary to create methods for assessing and monitoring. The technique of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an important tool for the calculation of environmental impacts related to a product system with defined borders, and the Land Use category of impact assessed. In this LCA impacts are assessed from factors characterization using indicators that quantify the effects of changes in soil structure, taking into account the reality and the morphological characteristics of each country or region. This study aims to present adjustments related to the Brazilian model for characterizing impacts caused by land use, based on the calculation of characterization factors. In accordance with the literature of the LCA methods, two groups contribute to this category Biodiversity and Life Support Functions (FSV). In this study were discussed and evaluated different methods to calculate (FSV), from some criteria adopted, these were subjected to a comparative analysis, to the method of greatest relevance to Brazilian conditions. The method chosen to use as an indicator of Soil Organic Matter (SOM), but due to lack of data in some regions, can be used values of Soil Organic Carbon (COS) essential component of SOM. The values for COS in the natural state were assigned according to the literature data of the Amazon biome, which were adapted to obtain the COS for the types of land use considered in this study according to the Brazilian reality.
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Faria, Flávia Carvalho. "Aspectos relevantes do possessivo no processo de aquisição do português brasileiro." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2012. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1682.
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A tese investiga os aspectos do pronome possessivo relevantes para sua aquisição no português brasileiro (PB) e se desenvolve dentro de uma perspectiva psicolinguística da aqui-sição da língua materna. Assume-se, de acordo com o Programa Minimalista (Chomsky, 1995 e obras posteriores) uma gramática universal (GU) inata correspondente ao estado inicial da aquisição da linguagem e a concepção de uma língua I (interna) composta por um sistema computacional e um léxico. Assume-se, também, modelos de processamento que explique como a criança adquire esse léxico: o Bootstrapping Fonológico (Morgan & Demuth, 1996; Christophe et al., 1997), que considera que, antes de adquirir um léxico, a criança faz uso de habilidades perceptuais para segmentar informações do input em unidades linguísticas, e o Bootstrapping Sintático (Gleitman, 1990; 1994), segundo o qual a criança usa dados da estru-tura sintática para deduzir o significado das palavras. Dessa forma, pode-se dizer que a crian-ça em processo de aquisição do PB identifica o possessivo através de uma análise perceptual do fluxo da fala e, uma vez disponível no léxico, o sistema computacional opera sobre seus traços formais, relacionando-o numa estrutura hierárquica correspondente a uma expressão linguística. Tais itens são identificados na interface fônica através de um tratamento estatístico da fala recebida no input e seus traços semânticos/formais são adquiridos via processamento na interface semântica. O possessivo, apesar de se tratar de um elemento de comportamento complexo, surge relativamente cedo na produção inicial da criança, se comparado a outros itens determinantes. Em PB, tal elemento apresenta variação semântica de acordo com as pos-sibilidades de posicionamento na sentença, o que motivou uma proposta de divisão categorial dos pronomes possessivos em dois tipos: pronomes possessivos antepostos ao nome são de-terminantes e, portanto, considerados itens funcionais, enquanto os pospostos são adjetivos e, nesta tese, considerados itens semifuncionais. A fim de verificar a importância, para a aquisi-ção do pronome possessivo, de aspectos (i) fonológicos, como sua forma fônica, (ii) semânti-cos, como a relevância do traço de posse e (iii) sintáticos, como posicionamento na sentença, foram realizados três experimentos cujos resultados sugerem que a criança aos 11 meses de idade é sensível à forma fônica do pronome possessivo e, aos 3 anos e meio, é sensível ao seu traço de posse, assim como ao posicionamento destequando anteposto em SN adjetivado.
This thesis investigates relevant aspects of the acquisition of the possessive pronounsby Brazilian children in a psycholinguistic view of language acquisition. According to Minimalism Program (Chomsky, 1995 and subsequent works) an innate Universal Gram-mar (UG) corresponding to the initial state of language acquisition and the conception of I-language (internal) - that consists of a lexicon and a computational system – are assumed. We also assume Phonological Bootstrapping Model (Morgan & Demuth, 1996; Christophe et al., 1997), that explains how children acquire the lexicon using perceptual abilities to segment the input data into linguistic units, and Syntactic Bootstrapping Model (Gleitman, 1990; 1994). According to this model, children use information from syntactic structure to deduce the meaning of the words. We hypothesized that children acquiring BP identify the possessive pronouns through perceptual analysis of speech and, once they are available in the lexicon, the computational system operates on their formal features correlating them into a hierarchical structure as a linguistic expression. The possessives are identified in the phonologi-cal interface by a statistical analysis of speech and the semantic features are acquired via pro-cessing in the semantic interface. Despite the possessive behavior being considered complex, this pronouns appear before other functional items in children early production. Because pos-sessive pronoun semantic value changes according to its position in a sentence, we propose a categorical division of it into two types: functional and semi-functional items. Three experi-ments were conducted in order to verify phonological, semantic and syntactic aspects of pos-sessive pronouns learning. The results suggest that children at 11 months are sensitive to their phonetic forms, at 3 ½ years are sensitive to their semantic possession features as well as to their syntactic position in DP.
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Acioly, Benedito Melo. "Fundamentação computacional da matemática intervalar." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/18234.
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A Matemática Intervalar se assenta em dois conceitos fundamentais, a propriedade da inclusão-monotonicidade de sua aritmética e uma topologia de Hausdorff definida no conjunto dos intervalos. A propriedade da inclusão-monotonicidade tem se revelado uma ferramenta útil na elaboração de algoritmos intervalares, enquanto a topologia de Hausdorff não consegue refletir as características lógicas daquela propriedade, comprometendo, desse modo, a construção de uma lógica cujo modelo seria a estrutura intervalar munida dessa topologia. Essa lógica seria necessária para fundamentação da matemática intervalar como uma teoria de algorítmos da análise real. Neste trabalho se mostra que o insucesso na construção dessa fundamentação se deve a incompatibilidade entre a propriedade da inclusão-monotonicidade e a topologia de Hausdorff. A partir dessa constatação se descarta essa topologia e define-se uma outra topologia - a topologia de Scott - que é compatível com essa propriedade, no sentido de que todo resultado obtido usando-se a lógica, isto é, a propriedade da inclusão-monotonicidade, obtém-se também usando-se a ferramenta topológica e reciprocamente. A teoria resultante da substituição da topologia de Hausdorff pela topologia de Scott tem duas características fundamentais. A Análise Funcional Intervalar resultante possui a maioria das propriedades interessantes da Análise Real, suprimindo, assim, as deficiências da Análise Intervalar anterior. A elaboração da propriedade da inclusão-monotoniciadade permite construir uma lógica geométrica e uma teoria lambda cujo modelo é essa nova matemática intervalar. Além disso, a partir dessa lógica e da teoria lambda se elabora uma teoria construtiva, como a teoria dos tipos de Martin-Löf, que permite se raciocinar com programas dessa matemática. Isso significa a possibilidade de se fazer correção automática de programas da matemática intervalar. Essa nova abordagem da matemática intervalar é desenvolvida pressupondo, apenas, o conceito de número racional, além, é claro, da linguagem da teoria dos conjuntos. Desse modo é construído o sistema intervalar de um modo análogo ao sistema real. Para isso é generalizado o conceito de corte de Dedekind, resultando dessa construção um sistema ordenado denominado de quasi-corpo, em contraste com o números reais cujo sistema é algébrico, o corpo dos números reais. Assim, no sistema intervalar a ordem é um conceito intrínseco ao sistema, diferentemente do sistema de números reais cuja a ordem não faz parte da álgebra do sistema. A lógica dessa nova matemática intervalar é uma lógica categórica. Isto significa que todo resultado obtido para domínios básicos se aplica para o produto cartesiano, união disjunta, o espaço de funções, etc., desses domínios. Isto simplifica consideravelmente a teoria. Um exemplo dessa simplificação é a definição de derivada nessa nova matemática intervalar, conceito ainda não bem definido na teoria intervalar clássica.The Interval Mathematics is based on two fundamental concepts, the inclusion-monotonicity of its arithmetics and a Hausdorff topology defined on the interval set. The property of inclusion-monotonicity has risen as an useful tool for elaboration of interval algorithms. In contrast, because the Hausdorff topology does not reflect the logical features of that property, the interval mathematics did not, permit the elaboration of a logic whose model is this interval mathematics with that topology. This logic should be necessary to the foundation of the interval mathematics as a Real Analysis Theory of Algorithms. This thesis shows that the theory of algorithms refered above was not possible because of the incompatibility between the property of inclusion-monotonicity and the Hausdorff topology. By knowing the shortcoming of this topology, the next step is to set it aside and to define a new topology - the Scott topology - compatible with the refered property in the sense that every result, obtained via the logic is also obtainable via the topology and vice-versa. After changing the topology the resulting theory has two basic features. The Interval Functional Analysis has got the most, interesting properties belonging to Real Analysis, supressing the shortcomings of previous interval analysis. The elaboration of the inclusion-monotonicity property allows one to construct a geometric logic and a lambda theory whose model is this new interval mathematics. From this logic and from the lambda theory a constructive theory is then elaborated, similar to Martin-Löf type theory, being possible then to reason about programs of this new interval mathematics. This means the possibility of automatically checking the correctness of programs of interval mathematics. This new approach assumes only the concept, of rational numbers beyond, of course, the set theory language. It is constructed an interval system similar to the real system. A general notion of the concept of Dedekind cut was necessary to reach that. The resulting construction is an ordered system which will be called quasi-field, in opposition to the real numbers system which is algebraic. Thus, in the interval system the order is an intrinsic concept, unlike the real numbers sistems whose order does not belong to the algebraic system. The logic of this new interval mathematics is a categorical logic. This means that, every result got for basic domains applies also to cartesian product, disjoint union, function spaces, etc., of these domains. This simplifies considerably the new theory. An example of this simplication is given by the definition of derivative, a concept not, derived by the classical interval theory.
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Meixner, Jeffery Andrew. "Investigation of Pyrimidine Salvage Pathways to Categorize Indigenous Soil Bacteria of Agricultural and Medical Importance and Analysis of the Pyrimidine Biosynthetic Pathway's Enzyme Properties for Correlating Cell Morphology to Function in All Phases of Growth." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4194/.
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This dissertation comprises three parts and is presented in two chapters. Chapter 1 concerns Arthrobacter, a bacterium with an intriguing growth cycle. Whereas most bacteria exist as either a rod or coccus, this bacterium shares the rod/coccus lifestyle. It therefore seemed important to examine the growth regulatory pathways from the rod and coccus. The committed step, that catalyzed by aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase), in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway was chosen. The ATCase in Arthrobacter is like the well known Pseudomonas enzyme except that it has an active dihydroorotase (DHOase) associated.
Included in Chapter 1 is the description of a microorganism, Burkholderia cepacia, whose ATCase has characteristics that are at once reminiscent of bacteria, mammals, and fungi. It differs in size or aggregation based on environmental conditions. In addition, it has an active DHOase associated with the ATCase, like Arthrobacter. B. cepacia is important both medically and for bioremediation. Since B. cepacia is resistant to most antibiotics, its unique ATCase is a prime target for inhibition.
Whereas the first chapter deals with the de novo pathway to making pyrimidines, which is found mainly in the lag and log phase, Chapter 2 addresses the salvage pathway, which comes more into play during the stationary phase. This section focuses on the isolation, identification, and grouping of a number of natural soil bacteria from various soil locations. These organisms are important agriculturally, medically, and industrially. Addition of these soil isolates to poor soils has been found to improve the soil. In a previous study by D.A. Beck, the salvage schemes for a number of laboratory strains of microorganisms were determined. Nine separate classes of salvage were designated by determining the salvage enzymes present. In this study emphasis has been placed on soil bacteria, which had not previously been analyzed. A number of species of soil bacteria were identified using the MIDI. The salvage enzymes were then determined for these organisms and a comparison of these isolates to the previous study was performed in order to group the new organisms into 19 salvage schemes, that is 10 more than in the previous study.
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OLIVEIRA, Walter Dennis Menezes de. "Ictiofauna em cristas recifais no litoral de Pernambuco: Relação entre a cobertura algal e complexidade estrutural dos habitats." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/19691.
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Os recifes costeiros são comumente afetados por ações antrópicas que vão desde o turismo contemplativo a poluição por efluentes domésticos. Essas formações recifais abrigam muitas espécies de peixe que em busca de abrigo para diferentes fazes do ciclo de vida e alimento. Nesses sentido as cristas recifais formam um importante papel para o desenvolvimento desses organismos, sem comumente um local de berçário natural. A cobertura de substrato é um outro fator importante para essas espécies pois pode gerar proteção, alimentação direta a indireta com invertebrados epifíticos. As cristas recifais do litoral sul de Pernambuco são dominadas por cobertura algal. Os recifes locais são importantes como fonte de renda para as comunidades locais e para conservação dos ambientes marinhos costeiros. Foram analisadas as relações entre a ictiofauna e a categorias de algas nas cristas recifais de Porto de Galinhas, Serrambi e São José da Coroa Grande, tendo sido amostrados três piscinas em cada praia. Para isso foram feitas amostragens com transecto de faixa de 20x2 m² em cada piscina, com registros fotográficos da cobertura de substrato, essas fotos foram posteriormente analisadas para estimar o percentual de cada categoria representada na cobertura do substrato da crista recifal. Os dados mostraram que Stegastes fuscus, Abudefduf saxatilis, Sparisoma axillare, Halichoeres poeyi e Ophioblennius trinitatis foram as espécies mais representativas nas cristas recifais analisadas. As algas calcárias articuladas e turf foram as algas mais abundantes nessas formações. As algas folhosas foram pouco abundantes, sendo mais representadas em São José da Coroa Grande. A maioria da abundância de peixes representou a categoria trófica de herbívoros errante e a mais rica foi comedores de invertebrados móveis. St. fuscus e O. trinitatis foram registrados em todas as classes de tamanho, enquanto A. saxatilis, Sp. axillare,e H. poeyi foram observados em fases juvenis. A relação verificada entre a comunidade de peixes, a cobertura de substrato e as características estruturais foi baixa visto que a distribuição de peixes foi homogênea e houve pouca variação nas categorias de algas.
The reef crests form an important habitat for fish of different habits and life stages. Coastal reefs are commonly affected by human activities ranging from the contemplative tourism to the pollution from domestic sewage. The substrate coverage can indicate the distribution of fish species that use this place to establish throughout the life cycle or in transitional phases. The reef crests of the southern coast of Pernambuco are dominated by algal cover. Local reefs are important as source of income for local communities and for conservation of coastal marine environments. The relationship between fish community and categories of algae on the reef crests of Porto de Galinhas, Serrambi and São José da Coroa Grande were analyzed. Three points were sampled at each beach. For the sampling of fish were made four transects of 20x2 m in each pool. At the same time were made photos of substrate coverage, these photos were then analyzed to estimate the percentage of each category. The data showed that Stegastes fuscus, Abudefduf saxatilis, Sparisoma axillare, Halichoeres poeyi and Ophioblennius trinitatis were the most significant species in the reef crests analyzed. The jointed calcareous macroalgae and turf were the most abundant in these formations. The sheet-like algaes were less abundant and more represented in São José da Coroa Grande. Most of the abundance of fish represented the trophic category herbivores and the richest was eaters of mobile invertebrates. St. fuscus and O. trinitatis were recorded in all size classes, while A. saxatilis, Sp. Axillare, and H. poeyi were observed in juvenile stages. The relationship between the fish community and substrate coverage and structural characteristics was low as the fish distribution is homogeneous and there was little variation in types of substrate coverage.
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Dimuro, Gracaliz Pereira. "Domínios intervalares da matemática computacional." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/24890.
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Fundamentada a importância da utilização da Teoria dos Intervalos em computação científica, é realizada uma revisão da Teoria Clássica dos Intervalos, com críticas sobre as incompatibilidades encontradas como motivos de diversas dificuldades para desenvolvimento da própria teoria e, consequentemente, das Técnicas Intervalares. É desenvolvida uma nova abordagem para a Teoria dos Intervalos de acordo com a Teoria dos Domínios e a proposta de [ACI 89], obtendo-se os Domínios Intervalares da Matemática Computacional. Introduz-se uma topologia (Topologia de Scott) compatível com a idéia de aproximação, gerando uma ordem de informação, isto é, para quaisquer intervalos x e y, diz-se que se x -c y , então y fornece mais (no mínimo tanto quanto) informação, sobre um real r, do que x. Prova-se que esta ordem de informação induz uma topologia To (topologia de Scott) , que é mais adequada para uma teoria computacional que a topologia da Hausdorff introduzida por Moore [MOO 66]. Cada número real r é aproximado por intervalos de extremos racionais, os intervalos de informação, que constituem o espaço de informação II(Q), superando assim a regressão infinita da abordagem clássica. Pode-se dizer que todo real r é o supremo de uma cadeia de intervalos com extremos racionais “encaixados”. Assim, os reais são os elementos totais de um domínio contínuo, chamado de Domínio dos Intervalos Reais Parciais, cuja base é o espaço de informação II (Q). Cada função contínua da Análise Real é o limite de sequências de funções contínuas entre elementos da base do domínio. Toda função contínua nestes domínios constitui uma função monotônica na base e é completamente representada em termos finitos. É introduzida uma quasi-métrica que induz uma topologia compatível com esta abordagem e provê as propriedades quantitativas, além de possibilitar a utilização da noção de sequências, limites etc, sem que se precise recorrer a conceitos mais complexos. Desenvolvem-se uma aritmética, critérios de aproximação e os conceito de intervalo ponto médio, intervalo valor absoluto e intervalo diâmetro, conceitos compatíveis com esta abordagem. São acrescentadas as operações de união, interseção e as unárias. Apresenta-se um amplo estudo sobre a função intervalar e a inclusão de imagens de funções, com ênfase na obtenção de uma extensão intervalar natural contínua. Esta é uma abordagem de lógica construtiva e computacional.The importance of Interval Theory for scientific computation is emphasized. A review of the Classical Theory is macle, including a discussion about some incompatibities that cause problems in developing interval algorithms. A new approach to the Interval Theory is developed in the light of the Theory of Domains and according to the ideas by Acióly [ACI 89], getting the Interval Domains of Computational Mathematics. It is introduced a topology (Scott Topology), which is associated with the idea of approximation, generating an information order, that is, for any intervals x and y one says that if x -c y, then "the information given by y is better or at least equal than the one given by x". One proves that this information order induces a To topology (Scott's topology) which is more suitable for a computation theory than that of Hausdorff introduced by Moore [MOO 66]. This approach has the advantage of being both of constructive logic and computational. Each real number is approximated by intervals with rational bounds, named information intervals of the Information Space II(Q), eliminating the infinite regression found in the classical approach. One can say that every real a is the supreme of a chain of rational intervals. Then, the real numbers are the total elements of a continuous domain, named the Domain of the Partial Real Intervals, whose basis is the information space II (Q). Each continuous function in the Real Analysis is the limit of sequences of continuous functions among any elements which belong to the base of the domain. In these same domains, each continuous function is monotonic on the base and it is completely represented by finite terms. It is introduced a quasi-metric that leads to a compatible topology and supplies the quantitative properties. An arithmetic, some approximation criteria, the concepts of mean point interval, absolute value interval and width interval are developed and set operations are added. The ideas of interval functions and the inclusion of ranges of functions are also presented, and a continuous natural interval extension is obtained.
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Johansson, Carina. "I gatuplanet. Namnbrukarperspektiv på gatunamn i Stockholm." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Scandinavian Onomastics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8281.
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The purpose of this thesis is to apply a name user perspective to the street names of Stockholm, with a focus on knowledge and views about names among the city’s inhabitants. On the basis of interview surveys, a picture is presented of the knowledge and views of Stockholmers regarding their city’s street names and the semantic or thematic name categories to which many of them belong; that is, the study seeks to identify general features of the ways in which the people of the city relate to their street names. Surveys were carried out in seven districts: Hedvig Eleonora parish, Hjorthagen, Fredhäll, Norra Ängby, Årsta, Fruängen and Akalla. A separate survey studied the range and associative properties of street names among Stockholmers not living in the vicinity of the streets in question.
General findings emerging from the surveys are that people are very familiar with the names in their local area; that knowledge about these names contributes to their well-being and sense of identity and belonging; that name categories are appreciated and considered to have an orientating function; that names which are seen as elegant or distinguished are regarded as enhancing the image and perceptions of the environment in which they occur; that long names and those made up of several words may be regarded as unwieldy in practical use; and that people need and create names for more limited park and recreational areas, while formally adopted names for larger green spaces are not used or are felt to be unclear in their reference.
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Silva, Ailton Rodrigues da. "Existência, multiplicidade e concentração de soluções positivas para uma classe de problemas quasilineares em espaços de Orlicz-Sobolev." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2016. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/9258.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
In this work we establish existence, multiplicity and concentration of positive solutions for the following class of problem 8<: div 2 ( jruj)ru + V (x) (juj)u = f(u); in RN; u 2 W1; (RN); u > 0 in RN; where N 2, is a positive parameter, ; V; f are functions satisfying technical conditions that will be presented throughout the thesis and (t) = Rjtj 0 (s)sds. The main tools used are Variational methods, Lusternik-Schnirelman of category, Penalization methods and properties of Orlicz-Sobolev spaces.
Neste trabalho estabelecemos resultados de existência, multiplicidade e concentração de soluções positivas para a seguinte classe de problemas quasilineares 8<: div 2 ( jruj)ru + V (x) (juj)u = f(u); em RN; u 2 W1; (RN); u > 0 em RN; onde N 2, é um parâmetro positivo, ; V; f são funções satisfazendo condições técnicas que serão apresentadas ao longo da tese e (t) = Rjtj 0 (s)sds. As principais ferramentas utilizadas são os Métodos Variacionais, Categoria de Lusternik-Schnirelman, Método de Penalização e propriedades dos espaços de Orlicz-Sobolev.
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Yoon, Hang-Jin. "Functional categories and complementation in English, Korean and Turkish /." 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/24409933.html.
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