Relevant bibliographies by topics / Functional morphology and anatomy

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Functional morphology and anatomy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Functional morphology and anatomy"

1

MARANGOLO, P., F. PIRAS, G. GALATI, and C. BURANI. "Functional Anatomy of Derivational Morphology." Cortex 42, no. 8 (2006): 1093–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70221-1.

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Shapiro, Liza. "Functional morphology of indrid lumbar vertebrae." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 98, no. 3 (November 1995): 323–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.1330980306.

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Krokhmal, I. I. "Functional anatomy and morphology of leaf Campanula sibirica L." Ecology and Noospherology 26, no. 1-2 (July 6, 2015): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/031506.

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Scarabino, T., and U. Salvolini. "Atlas of morphology anf functional anatomy of the brain." Journal of Neuroradiology 33, no. 2 (April 2006): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0150-9861(06)77242-x.

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Ruff, Christopher B. "Functional morphology in the pages of theAJPA." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 165, no. 4 (March 25, 2018): 688–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23402.

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Keil, Thomas A. "Functional morphology of insect mechanoreceptors." Microscopy Research and Technique 39, no. 6 (December 15, 1997): 506–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0029(19971215)39:6<506::aid-jemt5>3.0.co;2-b.

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Nalley, Thierra K., and Neysa Grider-Potter. "Functional morphology of the primate head and neck." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 156, no. 4 (March 6, 2015): 531–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.22729.

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Trotter, J. A. "Functional Morphology of Force Transmission in Skeletal Muscle." Cells Tissues Organs 146, no. 4 (1993): 205–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000147459.

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Hijikata, T., and H. Ishikawa. "Functional Morphology of Serially Linked Skeletal Muscle Fibers." Cells Tissues Organs 159, no. 2-3 (1997): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000147972.

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Schmid, Rudolf. "FUNCTIONAL INTERPRETATIONS OF THE MORPHOLOGY AND ANATOMY OF SEPTAL NECTARIES." Acta Botanica Neerlandica 34, no. 1 (February 1985): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.1985.tb01862.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Functional morphology and anatomy"

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Anderson, Jason S. 1969. "Anatomy, functional morphology and phylogeny of Aistopoda (Tetrapoda, Lepospondyli)." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36869.

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The importance of fossils to phylogenetic reconstruction is well established. However, analyses of fossil data sets are confounded by problems related to the incomplete nature of the specimens. Taxa that are incompletely known are problematic because of the uncertainty of their placement within a tree, leading to a proliferation of most parsimonious solutions because of wild card behavior. Problematic taxa are commonly deleted based on a priori criteria of completeness. Paradoxically, a taxon's problematic behavior is tree dependent, and levels of completeness are not necessarily associated with problematic behavior. Exclusion of taxa based on completeness eliminates real character conflict and, by not allowing incomplete taxa to determine tree topology, the phylogenetic hypothesis is diminished.
A method is proposed to allow optimization of taxonomic inclusion and tree stability. It identifies and removes taxa causing multiple most parsimonious solutions, producing a more stable topology, called the phylogenetic trunk. This method is used in an analysis of the Paleozoic Lepospondyli. A single most parsimonious tree, or trunk, was found after removal of one taxon identified as being problematic. The 38 trees found one additional step from this primary trunk are reduced to two by removal of one additional taxon. These trunks are compared to the trees found by excluding taxa with various degrees of completeness. Effects of incomplete taxa are explored by comparison with the stable tree. Correlated characters associated with limblessness are discussed regarding the assumption of character independence. Inclusion of intermediate taxa is found to be the single best method for breaking down long branches.
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Whitehead, Paul Frederick. "Functional Anatomy of the Forelimb in Terrestrial and Arboreal African Cercopithecoids." Thesis, Yale University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10957344.

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The cercopithecoid monkeys, though sharing a common body-plan, exhibit considerable behavioral, ecological, and anatomical diversity. The theme of this work is the relationship between anatomy, postural behavior, and habitat use, concentrating upon the distal forearm, wrist and hand. It incorporates an initial review of the relevant empirical and theoretical literature, and original research including anatomy, naturalistic and experimental observation, and a first detailed description of fossil forelimb material of the "giant" extinct baboon, Theropithecus oswaldi. Two modes of contact between hand and substrate in monkeys are distinguished. Palmigrady is characteristic of predominately arboreal species, while species that habitually walk on the ground do so using a distinctive digitigrade gait. The vervet monkey (Cercopithecus [now Chiorocebus] aethiops, s.l.) occupies many tropical, seasonal habitats, and, uniquely, is both polymorphic and polytypic with respect to hand posture. The author's fieldwork found that as expected, digitigrady is apparently favored by vervets living in drier, more open habitats. The mid section of the dissertation reviews in depth the copious and often confusing literature on primate, especially cercopithecoid, taxonomy, and the many contradictory schemes that have attempted to categorize primate positional behavior.

Variation in the intermetacarpal and other wrist joints in human subjects provides background for recognition of character states distinguishing obligate digitigrade (patas and baboon) from palmigrade (colobus) monkey genera. It is then demonstrated that, consistent with the observation of hand posture variation in living subjects, anatomical variation among individual vervet skeletons encompasses both types. Unexpectedly, the large fossil T. oswaldi (but not T. geiada) shows palmigrade features in some aspects of carpal structure. This theme is pursued in the most extensive section of the dissertation, which includes a detailed description and interpretation of fossil forelimb specimens assigned to Theropithecus oswaldi, from the sites of Olorgesailie (Kenya) and Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania) . The descriptions include notes comparing the fossils with extant cercopithecoids, and interpreting similarities and differences. These comparisons suggest that T. oswaldi did not closely resemble extant baboons in locomotor behavior, and may have been palmigrade on the ground. Finally, the concluding sections describe an innovative set of techniques that were used successfully to collect electromyographic and cineradiographic data on monkeys locomoting in a controlled laboratory setting, with a view to confirming the functional interpretation of anatomical features of living and fossil forms, and the naturalistic behavior of living vervets.

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Habegger, María Laura. "Functional Morphology and Feeding Mechanics of Billfishes." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5617.

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Billfishes (marlins, spearfishes, sailfishes and swordfish) are one of the fastest and largest marine apex predators, and perhaps their most recognizable attribute is their bill or rostrum. The proposed function for this novel structure has ranged from hydrodynamic enhancement to defensive weaponry. However, the most supported hypothesis for its function has been linked to feeding. Billfishes have been observed to subdue their prey with their rostrum, either stunning or cutting them into pieces before ingestion. Due to their large body sizes and pelagic lifestyles a thorough investigation of the function of this structure has been logistically challenging. The goal of my dissertation is to investigate the role of the rostrum during feeding from a functional, mechanical and morphological standpoint. By the use of interdisciplinary approaches that blend engineering with biology, the function of the rostrum and billfish putative feeding behavior was investigated. By the use of different approaches that involve morphological characterizations, histology, estimation of performance measurements such as bite force and the investigation architectural tradeoffs from geometric morphometrics analysis, my dissertation aims to characterized the role of the rostrum in billfishes as a possible adaptation for feeding. Results showed that the rostrum in billfishes is mechanically capable of acting as a feeding weapon; continuous stress distribution along its length suggest no particular point that could lead to breakage during feeding. Finite element analysis, as well as bending experiments suggest feeding behavior may be species specific and strictly associated with rostrum morphology. While istiophorids may be morphologically suited to strike their prey with a wide range of motions, swordfish appear to be specialized from a mechanical and hydrodynamic standpoint to hit their prey with lateral strikes. Biting performance is relatively low in these top predators compared to other non-billfish species suggesting the rostrum may facilitate prey processing reducing the need for powerful biting. However contrary to my expectations rostrum length was not a predictor of bite force. Skull variation was evident among billfish species. Swordfish, the species with the longest rostrum, had the smallest head and the lowest relative bite force whereas blue marlin, the species with the stiffer, most compact rostrum, had the largest head and one of the greatest relative bite forces. The shortbill spearfish showed a relatively low bite force indicating predatory success in this species may be linked to an extended lower jaw that may facilitate a speed efficient jaw during prey capture. Whether the rostrum in billfishes has evolved as an adaptation for feeding, remains uncertain. However results from this study demonstrate that rostrum material properties, morphology and head architecture, in addition to relatively low biting performance in billfishes, favor a role of prey capture for the rostrum.
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Sangster, Sarah. "The anatomy, functional morphology and systematics of Dimorphodon macronyx (Diapsida: Pterosauria)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620016.

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Mulvany, Samantha Lynn. "Evolution and Functional Morphology of the Cephalic Lobes in Batoids." Scholar Commons, 2013. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5083.

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Cephalic lobes are unique structures derived from the anterior pectoral fins, found in select myliobatid stingrays. Many benthic batoids utilize undulatory locomotion and use their pectoral fins for both locomotion and prey capture. Pelagic myliobatids that possess cephalic lobes utilize oscillatory locomotion, using their pectoral fins to locomote and their cephalic lobes for prey capture. Despite differences in habitat usage and locomotor modes, these batoids feed on very similar benthic organisms. The purpose of this study was to 1.) compare the morphology of the cephalic lobes and anterior pectoral fins in lobed and lobeless species, looking at skeletal elements, musculature and electrosensory pore distributions; 2.) compare prey capture kinematics in lobed and lobeless species and examine the role of the cephalic lobes in prey capture modulation due to elusive/non-elusive prey; 3.) analyze multiple morphological and behavioral variables to establish any correlations to the presence of cephalic lobes. Radiography, dissections and staining techniques were employed to examine the morphology of the cephalic lobes and anterior pectoral fins in six species of batoids. High speed videography was used to film prey capture behavior in five batoid species, using elusive and non-elusive prey. Continuous morphological and behavioral variables were used to determine any correlations with the presence of the cephalic lobes, taking phylogeny into account. Results indicate that the skeletal components of the pectoral fins of oscillatory species are very different from pectoral fins of undulatory species as well as the cephalic lobes. Second moment of area (I), showed that the cephalic lobes and pectoral fins in undulatory species had greater resistance to bending in multiple directions and were also more flexible. The cephalic lobes had a novel muscle layer compared to the pectoral fin musculature. Electorsensory pores were absent from the anterior pectoral fins in oscillatory batoids, but numerous on the cephalic lobes and anterior pectoral fins in undulatory batoids. The distribution of the electrosensory pores was uniform with the exception of Rhinoptera bonasus, which possessed higher pore numbers along the edges of the cephalic lobes. Overall, the morphology of the cephalic lobes is distinct, but more similar to the pectoral fins of undulators compared to oscillators. Kinematic data showed that species with cephalic lobes localize prey capture to the cephalic region of the body. Lobed species were faster at pouncing and tenting prey, but slower during biting. The cephalic lobes were able to move more in the vertical and horizontal plane compared to the anterior pectoral fins. All species were able to modulate prey capture behavior to some degree. Species lacking lobes spent more time handling elusive prey compared to non-elusive prey. For all species, elusive prey were farther from the mouth during biting but prey escapes were rare. Lobed species were overall faster in prey capture, but did not display more modulation or feeding success than lobeless species. Phylogenetically corrected correlations showed that most morphological variables correlated to the appearance of the cephalic lobes, while kinematics variables did not. There was also a correlation among habitat, locomotion and the cephalic lobes. The cephalic lobes may have played a key role in partitioning prey capture to the head region, maintaining dexterity in the lobes while allowing the pectoral fins to shift to oscillatory locomotion and consequently a pelagic lifestyle.
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Schwager, Hannes. "Functional Anatomy and Development of Cactus Ramifications." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-175892.

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Cacti (Cactaceae) represent a family of highly specialized angiosperm plants with a native range of distribution restricted to the American continents. Columnar cacti of the sub-family Cactoideae evolved in adaptation to their arid or semi-arid habitats characteristics that distinguish them from most other dicot plants, e.g. the stem succulence with a strongly vascularized storage parenchyma and the presence of the spine wearing areoles. Although cacti have been in cultivation since the discovery of America, some studies even suggest the agricultural use in pre-colombian times, and many scientific investigations were carried out on the functional morphology and anatomy with regard to biomechanical adaptations of the found structures, no research focused on the branch-stem attachment. The most conspicuous features of such a ramification are the pronounced constrictions at the branch-stem junctions that are also present in the lignified vascular structures within the succulent cortex. Based on Finite Element Analyses of ramification models it could be demonstrated that these indentations in the region of high flexural and torsional stresses are not regions of structural weakness, e.g. allowing vegetative propagation. On the contrary, they can be regarded as anatomical adaptations to increase the stability by fine-tuning the stress state and stress directions in the junction along prevalent fiber directions. The development of the woody support structure within the succulent cortex of the parental shoot can be traced back to the leaf and bud traces of the dormant axillary buds. Surprisingly, these initials also develop into another woody structure supporting the flowers of the cacti. As these two support structures differ significantly in their macroscopic and microscopic anatomy and as they develop from the same initial state as leaf/bud traces, another objective of this work was to analyze the secondary growth of the two structures with traditional botanic investigation methods. The results of these investigations reveal a wood dimorphism consisting of an early parenchymatous phase followed later by fibrous wood in both kind of support structure. In vegetative branches, the woody support structures have the typical ringlike arrangement as found in the stele of the parental shoot, whereas the flower support structures have a reticular arrangement of interconnected woody strands. This fundamentally different anatomy of the support structures results from the formation of an interfascicular cambium between the leaf/bud traces when a vegetative branch forms or its absence in the case of a flower. After shedding light on the functional morphology and anatomy of the cactus ramification and their development the question arises if the found load adaptation strategies may serve to improve technical fiber composite structures analogue to the design recommendation developed from the biomechanical analyses of tree ramifications. Such a biomimetic transfer from the cactus ramification as biological role model to a technical implementation and the adaptation of the fine-tuned geometric shape and arrangement of lignified strengthening tissues might contribute to the development of alternative concepts for branched fiber-reinforced composite structures within a limited design space.
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Cornwall, Jonathan Edgar, and n/a. "The functional morphology of the human thoracolumbar transversospinal muscles." University of Otago. Department of Anatomy & Structural Biology, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090615.144650.

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The thoracolumbar transversospinal muscles are vital in normal function and are implicated in the pathogenesis of different forms of spinal pathology and pain. They are the target for specific forms of clinical intervention such as exercise regimens and the release of �trigger points�, and are often analysed through imaging studies and electromyographic recordings. Despite the importance of these muscles, there is a paucity of knowledge in regard to aspects of their functional morphology. The aim of this thesis was to examine the thoracolumbar transversospinal muscles between the mid-thoracic spine and sacrum, examining their gross morphology, fibre arrangement, fibre types, and an animal model in order to provide a better understanding of their functional morphology. The gross morphology of these muscles was studied by micro-dissection of cadaveric material. Their form was found to differ from that published in either text book or peer reviewed articles, clearly indicating the existence of a �semispinalis� muscle in the lumbar spine. In addition, the arrangement of these muscles was found to be homologous between the thoracic and lumbar regions, which is contrary to published descriptions. Arrangement of the muscle fibres was examined by identifying motor endplates with acetylcholinesterase histochemistry in all muscles throughout the area of interest. Only one endplate per fibre was observed, and no in-series fibres were found. All muscles showed a complex multipinnate form with large areas of muscle tendon intruding into each muscle. Fibre type proportions in each muscle were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Results indicate the percentage of total muscle area occupied by type I fibres decreased the more caudad the vertebral level of origin, for all muscles. There were significant differences in the area percentage of type I fibres between many different vertebral levels. These differences were mostly found between the most cranial and most caudal levels examined. The percentage of type I fibres recorded suggest all muscles are likely postural in function, and the gradual decrease in type I fibres and the lack of a distinct thoracic / lumbar boundary in the data suggests the thoracic and lumbar transversospinal muscles are homologous. The thoracolumbar transversospinal muscles of the MLC3F nlacZ transgenic mouse were micro-dissected to determine their morphology, and their fibre arrangement subsequently determined using acetylcholinesterase histochemistry. These muscles showed a homogeneous form throughout the thoracolumbar spine, and no in-series muscle fibres were observed with all muscles having one motor endplate per fibre. Results indicated similarities between the morphology of mouse and human transversospinal muscles, perhaps indicative of an adaptation to an upright posture. This thesis provides information that facilitates a more complete understanding of the morphology and function of the thoracolumbar transversospinal muscles. In addition, results indicate that these muscles are homologous through the thoracic and lumbar spine, and therefore the classification and nomenclature used to describe these muscles should be re-examined. Furthermore, the morphological evidence, combined with recent embryological studies, supports the use of the term �spinotransverse� to more accurately describe this muscle group.
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O'Malley, Andrew Stephen. "A qualitative and quantitative investigation of the functional morphology of the juvenile scapula." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2013. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/f69db2ee-d94d-4e74-8b18-092ad44fe88a.

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This thesis presents a radiographic description of developmental morphology of the human scapula and a comprehensive morphological description of trabecular bone in the perinatal scapula. While the aim was originally to describe the changing trabecular morphology in the developing scapula, considerable thought has gone into the design, advancement and validity of the methodologies presented in this thesis. The work of previous studies has been considered and improved upon to take into account recent advances in software and hardware. Specifically, the introduction of MPR to the methodology has resulted in a more efficient and reliable technique that could allow future researchers to examine larger datasets in shorter periods of time. Additional anthropometric data were also gathered on the perinatal scapula, which was used to assist in the design of the multiplanar stereoscopic analysis. User error associated with threshold definition and VOI placement was also investigated and found to be negligible. With respect to development of the juvenile scapula, three distinct developmental phases, comprising eight separate groups, were identified from the radiographic study and anthropometric review study: pre-reboot (<0.5y), reboot (0.5-3y) and post-reboot (>3y). A clear pattern of regional organisation was visible at the earliest stages of development, echoing the findings of previous studies. It was suggested that the reboot phase represents a developmental period in which the scapula undergoes functional change under a two-tier mechanism, which influences its overall development. On one level the scapula appears constrained by a rigid template that controls macro- morphology in preparation for phylogenetically anticipated demands, which may, or may not, materialise; on a second tier is the adaptive micro-architecture that initially compliments the phylogenetic template, but retains the flexibility to respond to shifting ontogenetic demands. The trabecular architecture of the pre-reboot specimens was subsequently analysed in quantitative detail. A progressive radiating pattern, which originated from the approximate location of the primary ossification centre, was identified; it is suggested that a combination of radiating growth and internal vascular distribution are significant contributors to this pattern. This thesis provides a detailed account of the developmental morphology of the human scapula and contributes new elements to the evolving methodologies used in this field. The findings of this study also lay the foundation for further investigation of the radiating pattern of ossification and the potential for micro-architecture in developing bone to adapt to ontogenetic demands despite gross morphology that is phylogenetically constrained.
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Anemone, Robert Louis. "The functional morphology of the prosimian hindlimb : some correlates between anatomy and positional behavior /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6506.

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Foster, Adam D. "The developmental origins and functional role of postcranial adaptive morphology in human bipedal anatomy." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/333343.

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When considering the array of terrestrial locomotor behaviors, bipedalism is a particularly rare way of moving about the landscape. In fact, humans are the only obligate terrestrial mammalian bipeds. Therefore, understanding both how and why it evolved is particularly intriguing. However, there is debate over why the evolution of bipedalism occurred and there is a large gap in knowledge for the mechanisms that underpin the evolution of these adaptive morphologies. One complicating factor for sorting out which models best explain how our hominin ancestors became bipedal is that they all rely on the same set of traits. Moreover, many of the traits that are thought to be diagnostic of bipedalism are only linked by association and have not been experimentally tested. That is, they do not appear in non-human primates and other quadrupeds. Therefore, addressing why the evolution of bipedalism occurred requires understanding the adaptive significance of traits linked with bipedalism. In this dissertation, I use an experimental approach employing both human and animal models to explore links between morphology and behavior and to tease apart the adaptive significance of particular traits. For the human portion of the dissertation, I use an inverse dynamics approach (estimating muscle forces from kinematic, kinetic, and anatomical data) to determine how modern human anatomy functions while walking using ape-like postures to clarify the links between morphology and energy costs in different mechanical regimes to determine the adaptive significance of postcranial anatomy. The results from this portion of the dissertation suggest that adopting different joint postures results in higher energy costs in humans due to an increase in active muscle volumes at the knee. These results lead to two conclusions important for understanding the evolution of human bipedalism. One is that human anatomy maintains low energy costs of walking in humans compared to chimpanzees regardless of lower limb postures. Second, the results suggest that erect trunk posture may be an important factor in reducing energy costs, therefore indicating that lumbar lordosis (the curvature of the lower spine) is important for reducing costs. For the animal portion of the dissertation, I use rats as a model for the quadrupedal-to-bipedal transition and experimentally induce bipedal posture and locomotion under a variety of loading conditions to determine if traits consistent with the evolution of bipedalism occur and under what conditions. This experimental design also has the ability to determine if there is a role for developmental plasticity in generating bipedal morphology to help answer the question how the evolution of bipedalism occurred. I find that inducing bipedal behaviors in a quadrupedal animal generates morphology consistent with human bipedal traits and that loading conditions have specific effects in different skeletal elements and at particular joints. I also find that there is a plausible role for developmental plasticity in generating adaptive bipedal morphology in the earliest hominins. Overall, the results from the experimental procedures in this dissertation were able to clarify links between behavior and bipedal morphology, demonstrate a plausible role for developmental plasticity in early adaptation to bipedal behavior in australopiths, determine the adaptive significance of human postcranial anatomy, and the ways in which postcranial anatomy reduces costs.
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Books on the topic "Functional morphology and anatomy"

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Endocardial endothelium: Functional morphology. Austin: R.G. Landes, 1994.

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Functional morphology of the evolving hand and foot. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989.

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The functional morphology of the human endometrium and decidua. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1992.

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Scarabino, T. Atlas of morphology and functional anatomy of the brain. Berlin: Springer, 2006.

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Scarabino, T., and U. Salvolini. Atlas of Morphology and Functional Anatomy of the Brain. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-29943-2.

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Functional morphology of the miocene hominoid foot. Basel: Karger, 1986.

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Roper, Clyde F. E. Comparative morphology and function of dermal structures in oceanic squids (Cephalopoda). Washington, D.C: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1990.

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Morphology and function in MRI, cardiovascular and renal systems. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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1898-, Esau Katherine, and Esau Katherine 1898-, eds. Esau's Plant anatomy: Meristems, cells, and tissues of the plant body : their structure, function, and development. 3rd ed. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley-Interscience, 2006.

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Dennehy, Anne H. The Evaluation and treatment of craniomandibular dysfunction in children as related to posture, craniofacial morphology and orofacial function. [Portland, Or: Dunnehy], 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Functional morphology and anatomy"

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Rae, Anne L., Adriana P. Martinelli, and Marcelo C. Dornelas. "Anatomy and Morphology." In Sugarcane: Physiology, Biochemistry, and Functional Biology, 19–34. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118771280.ch2.

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Zotz, Gerhard. "Functional Anatomy and Morphology." In Plants on Plants – The Biology of Vascular Epiphytes, 67–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39237-0_4.

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Møbjerg, Nadja, Aslak Jørgensen, Reinhardt Møbjerg Kristensen, and Ricardo C. Neves. "Morphology and Functional Anatomy." In Water Bears: The Biology of Tardigrades, 57–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95702-9_2.

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Scarabino, T., and U. Salvolini. "Morphology Atlas." In Atlas of Morphology and Functional Anatomy of the Brain, 21–105. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-29943-2_2.

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Scarabino, T., and U. Salvolini. "Functional Atlas." In Atlas of Morphology and Functional Anatomy of the Brain, 107–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-29943-2_3.

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Sénégas, J., H. Bouloussa, D. Liguoro, G. Yoshida, and Jean Marc Vital. "Morphologic and Functional Evolution of the Aging Spine." In Spinal Anatomy, 75–109. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20925-4_5.

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Dennis, John C., Shelly Aono, Vitaly J. Vodyanoy, and Edward E. Morrison. "Development, Morphology, and Functional Anatomy of the Olfactory Epithelium." In Handbook of Olfaction and Gustation, 93–108. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118971758.ch4.

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Scarabino, T., and U. Salvolini. "Introduction." In Atlas of Morphology and Functional Anatomy of the Brain, 1–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-29943-2_1.

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Morita, Shigenori, and Keisuke Nemoto. "Morphology and anatomy of rice roots with special reference to coordination in organo- and histogenesis." In Structure and Function of Roots, 75–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3101-0_9.

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Dickison, William C. "Comparative Morphology, Anatomy, and Function of the Stem and Root of the Flowering Plants." In Progress in Botany, 86–111. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60458-4_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Functional morphology and anatomy"

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Vlachos, Evgenios, and Henrik Schärfe. "Android Hands: A State-of-the-Art Report." In ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2014-20564.

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Humans have adjusted their space, their actions, and their performed tasks according to their morphology, abilities, and limitations. Thus, the properties of a social robot should fit within these predetermined boundaries when, and if it is beneficial for the user, and the notion of the task. On such occasions, android and humanoid hand models should have similar structure, functions, and performance as the human hand. In this paper we present the anatomy, and the key functionalities of the human hand followed by a literature review on android/humanoid hands for grasping and manipulating objects, as well as prosthetic hands, in order to inform roboticists about the latest available technology, and assist their efforts to describe the state-of-the-art in this field.
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Cao, Kai, and Philippe Sucosky. "Fluid-Structure Interaction Predictions of Ascending Aorta Hemodynamics Under Tricuspid and Bicuspid Aortic Valve Flows." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14291.

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The bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital cardiac anomaly and is present in 2–3% of the general population. As compared to the normal tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) which consists of three leaflets, the most prevalent type-I BAV morphology forms with two as a result of left-/right-coronary cusp fusion. While the BAV anatomy may not intrinsically hamper valvular function, it is associated with a spectrum of secondary aortopathy such as aortic dilation and subsequent dissection. The dilation and thinning of the ascending aorta downstream of a BAV is marked by structural wall abnormalities including smooth muscle cell depletion, elastic fiber degeneration and abnormal extracellular matrix remodeling, which localize to the convexity of the aortic wall.
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Hurmusiadis, Vassili, Simon Barrick, and Chris Briscoe. "Interactive functional anatomy." In the SIGGRAPH 2003 conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/965400.965485.

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Mahmoud, Ahmed M., Daniel H. Cortes, S. Jamal Mustafa, and Osama M. Mukdadi. "High Frequency Precise Ultrasound Imaging System to Assess Mouse Hearts and Blood Vessels." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192836.

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Genetically modified mice provide a powerful tool for understanding the molecular mechanisms and pathogenesis of human cardiovascular diseases like human atherosclerosis [1]. Numerous mouse strains are available today with phenotypes relevant to human cardiovascular diseases [1,2]. These mouse strains have prompted the development of techniques for assessing the cardiovascular function and morphology of living mice. Recently, several imaging techniques have been emerged as promising non-invasive imaging modalities, such as electron-beam computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, optical coherent tomography, and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) [3,4]. Although these systems are capable of detecting anatomic and functional information, they may not be suitable to image mouse heart vasculatures. The small size and rapid movement of mouse hearts require systems acquiring images using temporal resolution of less than 10 ms with spatial resolution of 100 μm or less [4]. However, in mice, which have extremely small coronary arteries and high heart rates, the coronary circulation constitutes a great challenge for these available imaging techniques.
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Forsberg, Markus, and Aarne Ranta. "Functional morphology." In the ninth ACM SIGPLAN international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1016850.1016879.

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Miller, Michael I. "Computational functional anatomy on the teragrid." In BioCAS 2008. IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference - Intelligent Biomedical Systems. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/biocas.2008.4696854.

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L C, Prasanna. "“Renal vascular morphology and their significance in predicting accessories”." In Annual International Conference on Microscopic and Macroscopic Anatomy. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2382-6096_cmma14.23.

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Chanda, Arnab, Vinu Unnikrishnan, Holly E. Richter, and Mark E. Lockhart. "Computational Modeling of Anterior and Posterior Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP)." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-67949.

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Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) is a condition of the female pelvic system suffered by a significant proportion of women in the U.S. and more across the globe, every year. POP is caused by the weakening of the pelvic floor muscles and musculo-connective tissues due to child birth, menopause and morbid obesity. Prolapse of the pelvic organs namely the urinary bladder, uterus, and rectum into the vaginal canal can cause vaginal discomfort, strained urination or defecation, and sexual dysfunction. To date, success rates of native tissue POP surgeries vary from 50–70% depending on the definition of cure and time-point of assessment. A better understanding of the mechanics of prolapse may lead to improvement in surgical outcomes. In the current work, the mechanics of progression of anterior and posterior vaginal prolapse were modeled to understand the effect of bladder fill and posterior vaginal stresses using computational approaches. A realistic and full-scale female pelvic system model, comprised of the urinary bladder, vaginal canal, uterus, rectum, and fascial connective tissue, was developed using image segmentation methods. All of the relevant loads and boundary conditions were applied based on a comprehensive study of the anatomy and functional morphology of the female pelvis. Hyperelastic material models were adopted to characterize all pelvic tissues, and a non-linear analysis was invoked. In the first set of simulations, a realistic bladder filling and vaginal tissue stiffening in prolapse were modeled and their effects on the anterior vaginal wall (AVW) were estimated in terms of the induced stresses, strains and displacements. The degree of bladder filling was found to be a strong indicator of stress build-up on the AVW. Also, vaginal tissue stiffening was found to increase the size of the high stress zone on the AVW. The second simulation consisted of modeling the different degrees of posterior vaginal wall (PVW) prolapse, in the presence of an average abdominal pressure. The vaginal length was segmented into four sections to study the localized stresses and strains. Also, a clinically well-known phenomena known as the kneeling effect was observed with the PVW in which the vaginal wall displaces away from the rectum and downward towards the vaginal hiatus. All of these results have relevant clinical implications and may provide important perspective for better understanding the mechanics of POP pathophysiology.
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Ni, Jun, Ying Chen, Jie Sha, and Minghuan Zhang. "Anatomy of Functional Components of Healthcare Information System." In 2015 Eighth International Conference on Internet Computing for Science and Engineering (ICICSE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicse.2015.39.

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Boz, Irina. "COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY, ANATOMY AND BIOCHEMISTRY IN PRUNUS SPINOSA L. FRUITS." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018v/6.4/s08.014.

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Reports on the topic "Functional morphology and anatomy"

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Dervishi, Enkeleda. Multi-functional carbon nanomaterials: Tailoring morphology for multidisciplinary applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1179840.

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Dural, Hüseyin, and Burcu Yilmaz Çitak. Morphology, Anatomy, and Palynomorphology of Turkish Local Endangered Endemic Species Centaurea lycaonica (Asteraceae) from Anatolia. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2021.04.07.

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Rachel Racicot, Rachel Racicot. Why the long face? Functional morphology of a unique fossil porpoise. Experiment, July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/2867.

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Stall, Nathan M., Kevin A. Brown, Antonina Maltsev, Aaron Jones, Andrew P. Costa, Vanessa Allen, Adalsteinn D. Brown, et al. COVID-19 and Ontario’s Long-Term Care Homes. Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47326/ocsat.2021.02.07.1.0.

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Key Message Ontario long-term care (LTC) home residents have experienced disproportionately high morbidity and mortality, both from COVID-19 and from the conditions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. There are several measures that could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes, if implemented. First, temporary staffing could be minimized by improving staff working conditions. Second, homes could be further decrowded by a continued disallowance of three- and four-resident rooms and additional temporary housing for the most crowded homes. Third, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in staff could be minimized by approaches that reduce the risk of transmission in communities with a high burden of COVID-19. Summary Background The Province of Ontario has 626 licensed LTC homes and 77,257 long-stay beds; 58% of homes are privately owned, 24% are non-profit/charitable, 16% are municipal. LTC homes were strongly affected during Ontario’s first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Questions What do we know about the first and second waves of COVID-19 in Ontario LTC homes? Which risk factors are associated with COVID-19 outbreaks in Ontario LTC homes and the extent and death rates associated with outbreaks? What has been the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the general health and wellbeing of LTC residents? How has the existing Ontario evidence on COVID-19 in LTC settings been used to support public health interventions and policy changes in these settings? What are the further measures that could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes? Findings As of January 14, 2021, a total of 3,211 Ontario LTC home residents have died of COVID-19, totaling 60.7% of all 5,289 COVID-19 deaths in Ontario to date. There have now been more cumulative LTC home outbreaks during the second wave as compared with the first wave. The infection and death rates among LTC residents have been lower during the second wave, as compared with the first wave, and a greater number of LTC outbreaks have involved only staff infections. The growth rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections among LTC residents was slower during the first two months of the second wave in September and October 2020, as compared with the first wave. However, the growth rate after the two-month mark is comparatively faster during the second wave. The majority of second wave infections and deaths in LTC homes have occurred between December 1, 2020, and January 14, 2021 (most recent date of data extraction prior to publication). This highlights the recent intensification of the COVID-19 pandemic in LTC homes that has mirrored the recent increase in community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 across Ontario. Evidence from Ontario demonstrates that the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks and subsequent deaths in LTC are distinct from the risk factors for outbreaks and deaths in the community (Figure 1). The most important risk factors for whether a LTC home will experience an outbreak is the daily incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the communities surrounding the home and the occurrence of staff infections. The most important risk factors for the magnitude of an outbreak and the number of resulting resident deaths are older design, chain ownership, and crowding. Figure 1. Anatomy of Outbreaks and Spread of COVID-19 in LTC Homes and Among Residents Figure from Peter Hamilton, personal communication. Many Ontario LTC home residents have experienced severe and potentially irreversible physical, cognitive, psychological, and functional declines as a result of precautionary public health interventions imposed on homes, such as limiting access to general visitors and essential caregivers, resident absences, and group activities. There has also been an increase in the prescribing of psychoactive drugs to Ontario LTC residents. The accumulating evidence on COVID-19 in Ontario’s LTC homes has been leveraged in several ways to support public health interventions and policy during the pandemic. Ontario evidence showed that SARS-CoV-2 infections among LTC staff was associated with subsequent COVID-19 deaths among LTC residents, which motivated a public order to restrict LTC staff from working in more than one LTC home in the first wave. Emerging Ontario evidence on risk factors for LTC home outbreaks and deaths has been incorporated into provincial pandemic surveillance tools. Public health directives now attempt to limit crowding in LTC homes by restricting occupancy to two residents per room. The LTC visitor policy was also revised to designate a maximum of two essential caregivers who can visit residents without time limits, including when a home is experiencing an outbreak. Several further measures could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes. First, temporary staffing could be minimized by improving staff working conditions. Second, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in staff could be minimized by measures that reduce the risk of transmission in communities with a high burden of COVID-19. Third, LTC homes could be further decrowded by a continued disallowance of three- and four-resident rooms and additional temporary housing for the most crowded homes. Other important issues include improved prevention and detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection in LTC staff, enhanced infection prevention and control (IPAC) capacity within the LTC homes, a more balanced and nuanced approach to public health measures and IPAC strategies in LTC homes, strategies to promote vaccine acceptance amongst residents and staff, and further improving data collection on LTC homes, residents, staff, visitors and essential caregivers for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic. Interpretation Comparisons of the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in the LTC setting reveal improvement in some but not all epidemiological indicators. Despite this, the second wave is now intensifying within LTC homes and without action we will likely experience a substantial additional loss of life before the widespread administration and time-dependent maximal effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines. The predictors of outbreaks, the spread of infection, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes are well documented and have remained unchanged between the first and the second wave. Some of the evidence on COVID-19 in Ontario’s LTC homes has been effectively leveraged to support public health interventions and policies. Several further measures, if implemented, have the potential to prevent additional LTC home COVID-19 outbreaks and deaths.
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