Academic literature on the topic 'Functional reserves'

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Journal articles on the topic "Functional reserves"

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ARKLINA, Anda, Kristine GRINBERGA, Nripendra SINGH, and Agita LIVINA. "Influence of Cognitive and Emotional Advertisements on Biosphere Reserve Image and Visitation Intention for Youth." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 11, no. 6 (2020): 1391. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v11.6(46).09.

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The purpose of this study is to explore the role of the North Vidzeme Biosphere Reserve’s image (functional, symbolic and experiential) in building young visitors’ intentions to visit biosphere reserves. Integrated research methods were used. An online survey was conducted for data collection (n=295), and focus group discussions and observations (three groups - two from Latvia and one from Estonia) were conducted about youth traveling behavior in the North Vidzeme Biosphere Reserve. Descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling were used to analyze data. Findings showed that the Nort
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Krychevska, D. "The conceptual models evolution of biosphere reserves functional zoning." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography 2, no. 40 (2012): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2012.40.2080.

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The evolution stages of biosphere reserves (BR) functional zoning dimensional models from ideal to clustered has been reviewed. The classification of world modern biosphere reserves has been realized based on their territorial structure. Two types, four species and seven subspecies of BR dimensional models have been distinguished. Key words: biosphere reserve, the main area (the nature protected core), the buffer zone, the transition area (transit zone), the cluster structure.
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Gudkov, A. B., F. A. Shcherbina, O. N. Popov, and V. P. Chashchin. "Features of functional reserves of the cardiovascular system in cadets of the maritime university in conditions of long-term navigation." Marine Medicine 7, no. 3 (2021): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22328/2413-5747-2021-7-3-14-19.

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Aim: to reveal the features of cardiovascular system functional reserves in naval cadets under the conditions of a long voyage.Materials and methods. 70 cadets undergoing training and sailing practice for 165 days on Sedov training and sailing ship were studied. Cardiovascular system reserves were determined once a month indices before taking over the watch. The results were elaborated using the SPSS program, v 17.0 (IBM).Results and their discussion. On the first, second, and third months of the voyage, the naval cadets retained the functional reserves of the cardiovascular system, which is i
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Samokysh, Ivan, Serhii Diskalenko, Polina Shanditseva, Tetiana Detsyk, Mstyslav Makarov, and Dmytro Hordiienko. "Correlation analysis of functional testing parameters and anthropometric and physiometric indicators of students 17-19 years old." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 10(170) (October 20, 2023): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2023.10(170).27.

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Reserve capabilities of the organism are hidden capabilities (acquired in the course of evolution and ontogenesis) to strengthen the functioning of its organs and organ systems in order to adapt to extraordinary changes in the external or internal environment of the organism. Functional reserves consist of structural reserves and functional reserves of adaptation of the organism, the first of which are related to the peculiarity of the structure of the structural elements of the organism, and the second - to their functional activity. An important aspect of evaluating functional reserves is un
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Moskalenko, M. P., and V. S. Statsenko. "Structure and operating mode of the Hetman National Park." Prirodničì nauki, no. 15 (November 25, 2018): 33–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1495370.

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Structure and operating mode of the Hetman National Park are described in the article. It is specified that the preservation of new territories continues to be the important direction of environmental activity in Sumy region. The state documents were analyzed, on the basis of which this object had been designated as a nature reserve fund. Hydrological nature reserves of national and local significance and other protected areas, which were aggregated to create a national park were identified. The division of the reserved territory into several functional zones is illustrated. The basic operatin
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Razinkin, Sergey, Aleksandr Samoylov, Pavel Fomkin, Victoria Petrova, Anna Kish, and Irina Artamonova. "FUNCTIONAL RESERVES ASSESSMENT IN ENDURANCE ATHLETES." Sports medicine: research and practice 22, no. 1 (2016): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17238/issn2223-2524.2016.1.26.

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Barnoev, Khabib. "ASSESSMENT OF KIDNEY FUNCTIONAL RESERVE ON THE BACKGROUND OF ANTI-AGGREGATE THERAPY IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE II-III STAGE." UZBEK MEDICAL JOURNAL 6, no. 1 (2020): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-0664-2020-6-8.

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The article presents the results of a study to assess the functional reserve of the kidneys against the background of a comparative study of antiaggregant therapy dipyridamole and allthrombosepin in 50 patients with a relatively early stage of chronic kidney disease. Studies have shown that long-term administration of allthrombosepin to patients has resulted in better maintenance of kidney functional reserves. Therefore, our research has once again confirmed that diphtheridamol, which is widely used as an antiaggregant drug in chronic kidney disease, does not lag behind the domestic raw materi
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Kotsur, Nadiia, and Lidiia Tovkun. "Valuing of functional reserves of the cordial-vascular system in professional activity of physical culture teacher." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 4(163) (April 21, 2023): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2023.04(163).21.

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In the conditions of martial law in Ukraine, the problem remains relevant of primary prevention directed at carrying of screening and monitoring regarding early detection of the ill and timely implementation of corrective, health- improving measures among schoolchildren.
 The purpose of the article is a clarification of risk of factors he cordial-vascular disease in adolescents and valuing its functional reserves during the organization of physical culture in general secondary education. The research is based on the using of the following methods: analysis and synthesis of literature sour
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Hetman, Volodymyr, and Serhii Popovych. "Geographical representativeness of the network of reserves and national natural parks of Ukraine." Visnyk of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, series Geology. Geography. Ecology, no. 60 (June 1, 2024): 188–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2024-60-13.

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Problem formulation. Assessment of the representation of landscapes in the modern network of Nature Reserve Fund is based on natural and biosphere reserves, national nature parks, which has the status of the highest category in accordance with regional physical and geographical areas - natural areas (subzones), provinces (country), landscape divisions. The constant monitoring analysis of the state of representativeness of the nature reserve fund on the basis of geographical criteria is considered relevant and at the same time difficult. The purpose. The aim of the research was to assess the de
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Kruglenya, V. A. "FUNCTIONAL RESERVES OF STUDENTS` ORGANISM AT THE END OF AN ACADEMIC YEAR ACCORDING TO THE HARDWARE-SOFTWARE COMPLEX «OMEGA-M»." Health and Ecology Issues, no. 1 (March 28, 2013): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2013-10-1-26.

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The indicators of functional reserves of students` organism according to the complex «Omega-M» have been studied. It has been established, that the functional reserves of the students` organism are evaluated «good» at the beginning of academic year. However, at the end of an academic year the indicators of physiological and psycho-emotional reserves decrease to «satisfactory» level.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Functional reserves"

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Yamagishi, Hiroya. "Morphological and functional reserves of the right middle lobe: Radiological analysis of changes after right lower lobectomy in healthy individuals." Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/263538.

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Mansy, Hatem. "Renal functional reserve and hypertension in renal diseases." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241398.

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van, der Spuy Susara. "Identifying the pre-operative functional reserve indicators that predict functional recovery post major surgery in the elderly." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103619.

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The global aim of the thesis was to examine the role of pre-operative functional reserve indicators in the functional recovery of the elderly post surgery. The intent was to estimate the extent to which pre-operative functional reserve indicators predict functional recovery post-surgery. A new measurement method of physical function (as an indicator of recovery) post-surgery was developed through two projects, using Rasch Modelling. In the first project, "The relationship between the SF-36 physical function item hierarchy and physical function post-cardiac surgery", the Physical Function subsc
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Sturgiss, S. N. "Renal haemodynamic reserve during pregnancy in health and disease." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321301.

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Opdebeeck, Carol. "Cognitive reserve, mood, and cognitive function in later life." Thesis, Bangor University, 2015. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/cognitive-reserve-mood-and-cognitive-function-in-later-life(85dc8eae-9965-4d00-afd4-c59a59b69873).html.

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Background: Cognitive reserve (CR) is the concept that was proposed to account for the incongruity in the associations between levels of neuropathology and cognitive function. It is difficult to directly assess CR and so it is frequently indicated by those activities thought to increase it – educational level, occupational complexity, and/or engagement in cognitively-stimulating activities. The evidence regarding the associations and inter-relationships between CR, mood, and cognitive function is conflicting. Previous research has focused on individual proxy measures of CR in investigating the
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Consalvey, Mireille. "The structure and function of microphytobenthic biofilms." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2682.

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Microphytobenthos are the dominant primary producers on estuarine mudflats playing a key role in the functioning of the ecosystem. Studies into microphytobenthic ecology have previously been limited by scale but the advent of fine scale analysis techniques (gm) as well as non-destructive sampling has enabled the system to be examined at a level not previously possible. This study examined the formation, structure and function of microphytobenthic biofilms using non-destructive (remote sensing by PAM fluorescence; fibreoptic light microprofiling) and destructive (cryo-freezing and Low temperatu
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Самокиш, І. "Значення способу життя у зміцненні здоров'я та розширенні функціональних резервів студентської молоді". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/63710.

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The importance of the way of life in strengthening health and expanding the functional reserves of student youth. Analysis of scientific and methodological literature has shown that the way of life is a key factor in the direction of strengthening health and expanding the functional capabilities of students in particular and the person as a whole. The positive impact of the way of life on human health is assessed in different ways. The specific weight of the corresponding factor in the total sum of factors that have a positive effect ranges from 50 to 80%. At the same time, in our opini
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Bedeschi, Cynthia. "Treino de marcha com demandas motoras e cognitivas integradas em um contexto funcional em pacientes com doença de Parkinson." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47135/tde-10012014-083658/.

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A Doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma das doenças degenerativas do Sistema Nervoso Central que mais acomete indivíduos no mundo. Apesar de a DP ser descrita classicamente como desordem do movimento, sintomas não motores também fazem parte da apresentação da doença, como as alterações cognitivas, que podem estar presentes antes mesmo de os sintomas motores serem percebidos. Os principais domínios cognitivos afetados na DP são as funções executivas (FE). Estas consistem num contingente de funções de ordem superior, que são cruciais para cognição, emoção e comportamento. Muitos estudos abordam a influ
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Evans, I. "Social connections, cognitive reserve, and cognitive function in later life." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/35502.

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Background: Good social connections have been identified as a factor that may be associated with healthy cognitive function in later life. In line with cognitive reserve theory, good social connections may provide mental stimulation through complex interaction with others and hence build cognitive reserve and maintain healthy cognitive function. However, there is considerable inconsistency in findings reported by studies that examine this association. Inconsistency in findings may be attributed to the heterogeneity of concepts potentially associated with social connections and to the variation
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Guzmán-Veléz, Edmarie. "Association between bilingualism and functional brain connectivity in older adults." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2217.

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Older bilingual adults typically perform better than monolinguals in tasks of executive control, and are diagnosed later with dementia. Studies have also shown structural and functional brain differences between bilinguals and monolinguals. However, it remains poorly understood how language history influences the functional organization of the aging brain. The current study investigated; 1) differences in resting-state functional connectivity between monolinguals and bilinguals in the Default Mode Network (DMN), Frontoparietal Network (FPN), Executive Control Network (ECN), Language Network (L
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Books on the topic "Functional reserves"

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Ibrahim, Shamsudin, and Institut Penyelidikan Perhutanan Malaysia, eds. Management prescriptions for non-production functional classes of forest. Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 2003.

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Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). The Federal Reserve System: Purposes & functions. 9th ed. Federal Reserve Board, 2005.

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Junaidi, Payne, ed. Sepilok forest reserve: Its history, resources and functions. WWF Malaysia, 1988.

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Vanuatu, Reserve Bank of. Tasks and functions of the Reserve Bank of Vanuatu. The Bank, 1999.

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Rossouw, Johannes Jacobus. South African Reserve Bank: History, functions and institutional structure. South African Reserve Bank, 2010.

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Vanuatu, Reserve Bank of. Task and functions of the Reserve Bank of Vanuatu. [Reserve Bank of Vanuatu], Dept. of Research and Statistics, 2010.

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Sundell, Paul A. An examination of Federal Reserve behavior: An applied reaction function approach. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Agriculture and Rural Economy Division, 1990.

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Sundell, Paul A. An examination of Federal Reserve behavior: An applied reaction function approach. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Agriculture and Rural Economy Division, 1990.

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Watkins, G. C. World crude oil resources: Evidence from estimating supply functions for 41 countries / G.C. Watkins, Shane S. Streifel. World Bank, International Economics Dept., Commodity Policy and Analysis Unit, 1997.

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Andrew, Schulman, ed. Undocumented DOS: A programmer's guide to reserved MS-DOS functions and data structures. Addison-Wesley, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Functional reserves"

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Pandey, Girdhar K., and Sibaji K. Sanyal. "Calcium Homeostasis, Reserves and Transport Elements in the Cell." In Functional Dissection of Calcium Homeostasis and Transport Machinery in Plants. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58502-0_2.

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Epanchintseva, Alina, and Maxim Bakaev. "Predicting Performance and Functional Reserves of Athletes Based on Their Pulse Indicators in Different Trainings." In Springer Geography. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50609-3_18.

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Kurnikova, Irina, Sofia Buturlina, Svetlana Kislaya, Ramchandra Sargar, and Ekaterina Mukhametgaleeva. "Quantitative Methods for Assessing Functional Reserves in Predicting the Effectiveness of Medical Rehabilitation of Patients with Diabetes." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44267-5_69.

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Martins, Wellington P., and Ligita Jokubkiene. "Assessment of the Functional Ovarian Reserve." In Managing Ultrasonography in Human Reproduction. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41037-1_1.

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Teketay, Demel, Witness Mojeremane, Lawrence Akanyang, et al. "Botswana: Stand Structure and Hampered Regeneration of Woody Species in Kazuma Forest Reserve, the Busiest Elephant Corridor in Northern Botswana." In Ecological Connectivity of Forest Ecosystems. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-82206-3_24.

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Abstract The Chobe District of northeastern Botswana is a semi-arid dryland supporting a diverse assemblage of wildlife and habitats of global conservation significance, including the largest elephant population in Africa. Among others, the district houses six forest reserves (FRs) representing approximately 4207 km2 (3.83% of the country’s total protected land). These FRs—including Kazuma Forest Reserve—provide many goods and ecosystem services that are essential for improving and maintaining human livelihoods in addition to performing many ecological functions. Results from field studies and
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Mittal, Aliza, and Sidharth Kumar Sethi. "Functional Renal Reserve and Furosemide Stress Test." In Advances in Critical Care Pediatric Nephrology. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4554-6_18.

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Gabbai, Francis B., Luca De Nicola, and Roland C. Blantz. "The Physiologic Basis for Renal Functional Reserve Testing." In International Yearbook of Nephrology 1992. Springer London, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1892-3_3.

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Zhimeng, Li. "Coordinated Environmental Protection and Socio-Economic Development in Ecological Function Reserves – A Case Study of Dongjiang Riverhead National Ecological Function Reserve." In Ecological Economics and Harmonious Society. Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0461-2_22.

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Muravchick, S. "Gero-Anesthesia: Functional Reserve, Cardiovascular Changes, and Postoperative Complications." In Anaesthesia, Pain, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine — A.P.I.C.E. Springer Milan, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2903-3_54.

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Papa, A., G. Fuiano, M. A. Lotito, et al. "“Renal Functional Reserve” in Renal Transplant Patients on Cyclosporine Therapy." In Current Therapy in Nephrology. Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0865-2_134.

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Conference papers on the topic "Functional reserves"

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Fomina, Elena, Anna Burakova, and Natalya Senatorova. "Dynamics of Functional Reserves of Cosmonauts in a Long Space Flight According to the Results of the 'Individual Strategies' Test." In IAF/IAA Space Life Sciences Symposium, Held at the 75th International Astronautical Congress (IAC 2024). International Astronautical Federation (IAF), 2024. https://doi.org/10.52202/078355-0011.

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Babadzanjanz, L. K., I. Yu Pototskaya, Yu Yu Pupysheva, and V. S. Korolev. "EXPENDITURE OPTIMAL CONTROL FOR A SATELLITE MOVING CLOSE TO THE LIBRATION POINT." In SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/6.1/s28.64.

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Satellite motion control in the vicinity of the libration point with expenditure criteria is considered. Expenditure optimization is natural in the case, where it is necessary to keep mechanical system in the neighborhood of the equilibrium point for a long time. Disturbing factors from time to time distort this system unacceptably far from the equilibrium point, and we need to extinguish these deviations, using fuel or another resource, which reserves are limited. Optimization of the satellite motion control according to this criterion is important not only from the economic and technical sid
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Ramenskaya, A., Svetlana Degtyareva, and Valentina Dorofeeva. "ECOLOGICAL BASIS FOR THE CREATION OF BIOSPHERE RESERVES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." In Modern problems of animal and plant ecology. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/mpeapw2021_56-59.

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The ecological foundations of the creation of some biosphere reserves of the Russian Federation are analyzed. The article focuses on the influence of abiotic environmental factors on the species of organisms and ecosystems in general. The patterns of vegetation distribution, the time of creation and the functional role of the reserve, and the status of the biosphere reserve are revealed.
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Popov, Ivan, Alla Shikhlyarova, Marina Engibaryan, et al. "FUNCTIONAL RESERVES OF THE BRAIN AND ELECTROMAGNETIC INFLUENCES IN NEUROONCOLOGY." In XVII INTERNATIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS NEUROSCIENCE FOR MEDICINE AND PSYCHOLOGY. LCC MAKS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m2279.sudak.ns2021-17/302-303.

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Butakova, Marina, Andrey Gryaznikh, and Maria Kiseleva. "Vegetative support of functional reserves in the post-stress recovery period." In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Innovations in Sports, Tourism and Instructional Science (ICISTIS 2019). Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icistis-19.2019.9.

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Bugaets, Y. E., A. S. Gronskaya, and R. R. Konstanyan. "INTEGRAL ASSESSMENT OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF JUDOISTS." In Х Всероссийская научно-практическая конференция. Нижневартовский государственный университет, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36906/fks-2020/07.

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The article presents the results of a comprehensive study of the functional state of high-class judoists. Against the background of balanced vegetative mechanisms of regulation, the economic operation of heart activity in highly qualified athletes was noted, as well as the optimal level of development of functional reserves of the body and physical activity.
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Cravcenco, Oxana. "Литературный обзор распространения клещей Ixodes Ricinus L., 1758, на территории Республики Молдова". У International symposium ”Functional ecology of animals” dedicated to the 70th anniversary from the birth of academician Ion Toderas. Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/9789975315975.46.

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The article analyzes the literature sources and surveys on the distribution of Ixodes ricinus mergers in the territory of the republic of Moldova. Various geographical areas of the Republic of Moldova and the distribution of mites in them are considered. A literature review of mite feeders is presented. Data on the various reserves of the Republic of Moldova are given, their characteristics and the occurrence of ticks in these reserves are examined.
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Belomestnova, O. V., O. G. Drugova, and T. T. Tazhigulov. "ASSESSMENT OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM IN THE CORE PERSONNEL OF COPPER SMELTERS." In The 17th «OCCUPATION and HEALTH» Russian National Congress with International Participation (OHRNC-2023). FSBSI «IRIOH», 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-1-4-2023-1-71-76.

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A high social significance of cardiovascular diseases primarily attributed to the loss of labor potential justifies the relevance of work aimed at prediction, diagnosis and prevention of the risk of developing these diseases in the working population. The article presents the results of assessing adaptation reserves of the cardiovascular system in the core personnel of copper smelters located in the Sverdlovsk Region. Elevated blood pressure was detected already in young, 30 to 40‑year-old workers, including both experienced and new ones, which may be associated with activation of adaptive mec
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Tokhiriyon, B., V. M. Poznyakovsky, V. Yu Lapina, and O. N. Zueva. "Food supplement aimed at maintaining functional reserves of the human body: Composition and manufacturing technology development." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FOOD SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (FSAB 2021). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0069689.

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Satarkulova, A. M., B. M. Melisova, and Sh Yu Aisaeva. "Assessment of the functional state of military men with different types of autonomic regulation in the midland’s conditions." In VIII Vserossijskaja konferencija s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Mediko-fiziologicheskie problemy jekologii cheloveka». Publishing center of Ulyanovsk State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34014/mpphe.2021-171-174.

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The article presents the results of assessment and dynamic control over the functional state of military men in the midlands conditions. Depending on the initial type of autonomic regulation, groups with vagotonic (24%), sympatotonic (26%) and normotonic (50%) directions of regulatory processes were identified. It has been established that the state of optimal working voltage with more economical functioning of regulatory mechanisms is characteristic of carriages; for sympathotonics - an overstrain of regulatory mechanisms, and for normotonics - a moderate tension of regulatory systems with th
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Reports on the topic "Functional reserves"

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Uni, Zehava, and Peter Ferket. Enhancement of development of broilers and poults by in ovo feeding. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7695878.bard.

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The specific objectives of this research were the study of the physical and nutritional properties of the In Ovo Feeding (IOF) solution (i.e. theosmostic properties and the carbohydrate: protein ratio composition). Then, using the optimal solution for determining its effect on hatchability, early nutritional status and intestinal development of broilers and turkey during the last quarter of incubation through to 7 days post-hatch (i.e. pre-post hatch period) by using molecular, biochemical and histological tools. The objective for the last research phase was the determination of the effect of
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Afonso, Gara, Gabriele La Spada, Thomas M. Mertens, and John C. Williams. The Optimal Supply of Central Bank Reserves under Uncertainty. Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59576/sr.1077.

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This paper provides an analytically tractable theoretical framework to study the optimal supply of central bank reserves when the demand for reserves is uncertain and nonlinear. We fully characterize the optimal supply of central bank reserves and associated market equilibrium. We find that the optimal supply of reserves under uncertainty is greater than that absent uncertainty. With a sufficient degree of uncertainty, it is optimal to supply a level of reserves that is abundant (on the flat portion of the demand curve) absent shocks. The optimal mean spread between the market interest rate an
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Amaral, Luciano. A Monetary Plethora and What to do with It: the Bank of Portugal during World War II and the Post-War Period (1939-1960). Working Paper in Economic and Social History, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55462/wpaphes_a_501.

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Up to World War II the Bank of Portugal (BoP) was far from possessing the features normally associated with a central bank. It was still a commercial bank, although one that had acquired some central bank functions. The World War II period was decisive to change this ambiguity. The change was mostly caused by an unusually large influx of international means of payment (gold and foreign exchange) as a consequence of Portuguese neutrality during the war, which allowed the BoP to transform its balance sheet structure: the BoP became the institution centralising commercial banks’ reserves. However
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Castro, Gonzalo, Enrique Bucher, and Vinio Floris. Freshwater Ecosystem Conservation: Towards a Comprehensive Water Resources Management Strategy. Inter-American Development Bank, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008813.

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Conservation of freshwater biodiversity has been seriously neglected throughout the world, and entire ecosystems are threatened with extinction. Unfortunately, freshwater sustainability issues do not appear to be a primary consideration in the planning and implementation of water use projects, nor in the allocation of use permits. This paper discusses the value and function of Latin American freshwater ecosystems and gives a comprehensive approach to developing a sustainable water resources management policy. Case studies of the network of private nature reserves in Colombia, restoring the Mis
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Hausmann, Ricardo, Ugo Panizza, and Ernesto H. Stein. Why Do Countries Float the Way They Float? Inter-American Development Bank, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010778.

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Countries that are classified as having floating exchange rate systems (or very wide bands) show strikingly different patterns of behavior. They hold very different levels of international reserves and allow very different volatilities in the movements of the exchange rate relative to the volatility that they tolerate either on the level of reserves or in interest rates. We document these differences and present a model that explains them as the optimal response of a Central Bank that attempts to minimize a standard loss function, in an environment in which firms are credit-constrained and inc
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Chang, Min Cheol, Yoo Jin Choo, and Sohyun Kim. Effect of Prehabilitation for Patients with Frailty Undergoing Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0105.

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Review question / Objective: We performed a meta-analysis to assess the impact of prehabilitation before colorectal surgery on functional outcome and postoperative complications in patients with frailty. Condition being studied: Colorectal cancer is a common disease in the elderly, and over 65 years of age accounts for more than 50% of all patients with colorectal cancer. The patients with colorectal cancer surgery showed 8.7% major morbidity and mortality and 31.6% minor complications. The high complication rate of patients with colorectal surgery is related to the fact that there are many el
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Costantini, Orsola, and Carlo D’Ippoliti. Mapping fragility – Functions of wealth and social classes in U.S. household finance. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp215.

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Which households are more exposed to financial risk and to what extent is their debt systemically relevant? To provide an answer, we advance a new classification of the population, adapted from Fessler and Schürz (2017), based on the type of wealth families own and their sources of income. Then, we investigate data from eleven waves of the Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF), a triennial survey run by the U.S. Federal Reserve, to explore the association of different debt configurations and motives to get into debt with our class distinctions. Our new approach allows us to assess competing hypot
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Pfajfar, Damjan, and Fabian Winkler. Households' Preferences Over Inflation and Monetary Policy Tradeoffs. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.26509/frbc-wp-202512.

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We document novel facts about US household preferences over inflation and monetary policy tradeoffs. Many households were attentive to news about monetary policy and to interest rates in 2023. The median household perceives the Federal Reserve's inflation objective to be 3 percent, but would prefer it to be lower. Quantifying the tradeoff between inflation and unemployment, we find an average acceptable sacrifice ratio of 0.6, implying that households are likely to find disinflation costly. Average preferences are well represented by a non-linear loss function with near equal weights on inflat
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Merkulova, Yuliya. Роль системы показателей в технологии оптимизации и баланса множества данных спроса и предложения. Yuliya Merkulova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0431.26042021.

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Article is devoted to significant problems of creation of system of the indicators for stimulation of balance of supply and demand of products. It is very important for increase of competitiveness of products. The new methodology of calculation of target function of a product and indicators of its efficiency is offered in article. The special place in article is devoted to methodology of definition of an indicator of aggregate useful effect, which includes useful effect of the producer and consumer and promotes balance of their interests. All offered indicators of efficiency of a product are i
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Al-Suwailem, Sami. Social Cryptocurrency. Islamic Development Bank Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55780/re24017.

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Money is at the heart of any financial system. It is the “joints” that link markets across space and time. As long as money performs its functions, markets tend to allocate resources efficiently and allow participants to be more productive and therefore more prosperous. As money is a prerequisite for the normal functioning of markets, it cannot itself be part of the market. Money, thus, cannot as such be a source of income or profit. This is one reason why all divine faiths prohibit usury. Cryptocurrencies were invented supposedly to avoid the ills associated with the fractional reserve system
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