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Journal articles on the topic 'Functions of the fair'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

SEGAL, UZI. "FAIR BIAS." Economics and Philosophy 22, no. 2 (2006): 213–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266267106000873.

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This paper takes a simple, informal suggestion by Broome and another more explicit suggestion by Kamm for how to deal with asymmetric claims and shows how they can be interpreted to be consistent with two different social welfare functions: Sum-of-square-roots of individual utilities, and product of utilities. These functions are then used to analyze more complicated situations but I show that the first yields more intuitive results, and a better compromise of efficiency and justice, than the other.

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Wanko, Jeffrey J. "Giving Exponential Functions a Fair Shake." Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 11, no. 3 (2005): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mtms.11.3.0118.

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In a traditional mathematics curriculum, middle school students' experiences with functions in algebra are usually limited to linear relationships. However, a number of realworld experiences (e.g., compound interest, population growth, and the amount of a drug remaining in a subject's bloodstream) involve exponential functions. In this article, I describe two problems involving exponential functions and some basic probability concepts that were used in an eighthgrade class, which led to greater student understanding about the general form of an exponential function. I also describe how student

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Koymans, Peter, and Carlo Pagano. "Malle’s conjecture for fair counting functions." Algebra & Number Theory 19, no. 5 (2025): 1007–28. https://doi.org/10.2140/ant.2025.19.1007.

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Zajas, Paweł. "Internationale Buchmessen als Außenkulturpolitik." Internationales Archiv für Sozialgeschichte der deutschen Literatur 50, no. 1 (2025): 5–40. https://doi.org/10.1515/iasl-2025-0002.

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Abstract This article examines the cultural policy of the Bonn Foreign Office that determined the functions of Frankfurt Book Fair and other international book fairs from the mid-1960s to the end of the 1980 s. Firstly, it focusses on the role of the Frankfurt Book Fair in the New Ostpolitik, particularly with regard to the participation of Eastern European writers and publishers. Secondly, the cultural policy dimension of the ‘guest of honour’ of the Frankfurt Book Fair, a special literary programme initiated in 1976 is put under scrutiny. Thirdly, the participation of German publishers in th

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Dadyrova, Assel, Gaini Mukhtarova, Anastassiya Mogilnaya, and Baikonyr Izhanov. "Sustainable Development: A Historical Fair as a Form of Cultural Tourism and Place of Memory." RIVAR 12, no. 34 (2024): 82–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.35588/w5k02816.

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The purpose of this article is to investigate the features of the sustainable development of tourism and place of memory in the Eurasian region with the help of fairs. The research paper examines the impact of the fair phenomenon on the countries of the Eurasian region, within the framework of the concepts of sustainable development of the tourism industry. In the study, special attention was paid to the functions of the local population and administration in the productive growth and sustainable development of fair tourism. For that, a survey of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan on

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Mualem, Elinor, and Abraham Zaks. "Fair split of profit generated by n parties." Insurance Markets and Companies 9, no. 1 (2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ins.09(1).2018.01.

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The authors studied the process of merging insured groups, and the splitting of the profit that arises in the process due to the fact that the risk for the merged group is essentially reduced. There emerges a profit and there are various ways of splitting this profit between the combined groups. Techniques from game theory, in particular cooperative game theory turn out to be useful in splitting of the profit. The authors proceed in this paper to apply techniques of utility theory to study the possibility of a fair split of that profit. In this research, the authors consider a group of n parti

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Lavrinova, Natalia N. "Social aspects of fair in the urban culture space." Neophilology, no. 21 (2020): 176–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2020-6-21-176-182.

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We consider the necessity of the fair activities development in the urban culture space. A fair has the beneficial influence on social and cultural and economic changes in the urban environment. The research is based on the relevance of studying the fair potential as a social and cultural phenomenon, which is both economic and cultural as it contains functions of a social and cultural nature. To determine the fair social aspects in the urban culture space we consider fair as a social institution, examine its social and organizational activities. We consider the historical aspects of the fair a

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Legut, Jerzy. "Optimal Fair Division for Measures with Piecewise Linear Density Functions." International Game Theory Review 19, no. 02 (2017): 1750009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219198917500098.

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A nonlinear programming method is used for finding an optimal fair division of the unit interval [Formula: see text] among [Formula: see text] players. Preferences of players are described by nonatomic probability measures [Formula: see text] with piecewise linear (PWL) density functions. The presented algorithm can be applied for obtaining “almost” optimal fair divisions for measures with arbitrary density functions approximable by PWL functions. The number of cuts needed for obtaining such divisions is given.

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Stewart, Andrew. "Fair Work Australia: The Commission Reborn?" Journal of Industrial Relations 53, no. 5 (2011): 563–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185611419600.

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Fair Work Australia is a new institution created in 2009 to perform a range of functions under the Fair Work legislation – although it is far from the ‘one-stop shop’ that Labor had originally promised. It has much in common with the body it principally replaced, the Australian Industrial Relations Commission, not least in terms of its personnel. Yet, at the same time, it has the freedom to operate in ways that have more in common with two other antecedents, the Workplace Authority and the Australian Fair Pay Commission. This article explores the character of the new agency and the processes i

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Tafesse, Wondwesen, and Kåre Skallerud. "Towards an exchange view of trade fairs." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 30, no. 7 (2015): 795–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-05-2014-0090.

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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to integrate divergent discussions located within the marketing, economic geography and economic sociology literature about trade fairs and their functions, around an exchange-based view of trade fairs. Design/methodology/approach – Following an integrative review approach and drawing on thematic discussions found in social exchange theory, a large corpus of research articles on trade fairs was systematically reviewed and integrated. Findings – Trade fairs facilitate five major exchange functions: transactional, informational, social, symbolic and cultura

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Sinclair, Sean R., Siddhartha Banerjee, and Christina Lee Yu. "Sequential Fair Allocation." ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review 50, no. 1 (2022): 95–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3547353.3526951.

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We consider the problem of dividing limited resources to individuals arriving over T rounds. Each round has a random number of individuals arrive, and individuals can be characterized by their type (i.e. preferences over the different resources). A standard notion of 'fairness' in this setting is that an allocation simultaneously satisfy envy-freeness and efficiency. For divisible resources, when the number of individuals of each type are known upfront, the above desiderata are simultaneously achievable for a large class of utility functions. However, in an online setting when the number of in

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Arunachaleswaran, Eshwar Ram, Siddharth Barman, and Nidhi Rathi. "Fully Polynomial-Time Approximation Schemes for Fair Rent Division." Mathematics of Operations Research 47, no. 3 (2022): 1970–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/moor.2021.1196.

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We study the problem of fair rent division that entails splitting the rent and allocating the rooms of an apartment among agents in a fair manner (i.e., under the imposed rents, no agent has a strictly stronger preference for any other agent’s room). The utility functions specify the cardinal preferences of the agents for the rooms for every possible room rent. Although envy-free solutions are guaranteed to exist under reasonably general utility functions, efficient algorithms for finding them were known only for quasilinear utilities. This work addresses this notable gap and develops a fully

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Güth, Werner, Manfred Königstein, Radosveta Ivanova-Stenzel, and Martin Strobel. "Bid Functions in Auctions and Fair Division Games: Experimental Evidence." German Economic Review 3, no. 4 (2002): 461–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0475.00068.

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Abstract In auctions a seller offers a commodity for sale and collects the revenue. In fair division games the object is collectively owned by the group of bidders who equally share the revenue. We run an experiment in which the participants face four types of allocation games (auctions and fair division game under two price rules, first- versus second-price rule). We collect entire bid functions rather than bids for single values and investigate price and efficiency of the different trading institutions. We find that the first-price auction is more efficient than the second-price auction, whe

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Assif, Mishal, William Kennedy, and Iraj Saniee. "Fair Allocation in Crowd-Sourced Systems." Games 14, no. 4 (2023): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/g14040057.

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In this paper, we address the problem of fair sharing of the total value of a crowd-sourced network system between major participants (founders) and minor participants (crowd) using cooperative game theory. We use the framework of a Shapley allocation which is regarded as a fundamental method of computing the fair share of all participants in a cooperative game when the values of all possible coalitions could be quantified. To quantify the value of all coalitions, we define a class of value functions for crowd-sourced systems which capture the contributions of the founders and the crowd plausi

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Hans, Joel. "Propp's Thirty-One Functions for a Girl Living Inside an Apple." Fairy Tale Review 20, no. 1 (2024): 80–97. https://doi.org/10.1353/fair.2024.a960959.

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Zhao, Han. "Fair and Optimal Prediction via Post-Processing." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 38, no. 20 (2024): 22686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i20.30302.

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In this talk I will discuss our recent work on characterizing the inherent tradeoff between fairness and accuracy in both classification and regression problems. I will also present a post-processing algorithm that derives optimal fair predictors from Bayes score functions.

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Barman, Siddharth, and Paritosh Verma. "Truthful and Fair Mechanisms for Matroid-Rank Valuations." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36, no. 5 (2022): 4801–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i5.20407.

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We study the problem of allocating indivisible goods among strategic agents. We focus on settings wherein monetary transfers are not available and each agent's private valuation is a submodular function with binary marginals, i.e., the agents' valuations are matroid-rank functions. In this setup, we establish a notable dichotomy between two of the most well-studied fairness notions in discrete fair division; specifically, between envy-freeness up to one good (EF1) and maximin shares (MMS). First, we show that a known Pareto-efficient mechanism is group strategy-proof for finding EF1 allocation

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Feldman, Michal, Jugal Garg, Vishnu V. Narayan, and Tomasz Ponitka. "Proportionally Fair Makespan Approximation." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 39, no. 13 (2025): 13839–46. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v39i13.33513.

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We study fair mechanisms for the classic job scheduling problem on unrelated machines with the objective of minimizing the makespan. This problem is equivalent to minimizing the egalitarian social cost in the fair division of chores. The two prevalent fairness notions in the fair division literature are envy-freeness and proportionality. Prior work has established that no envy-free mechanism can provide better than an Ω(log m / log log m)-approximation to the optimal makespan, where m is the number of machines, even when payments to the machines are allowed. In strong contrast to this impossib

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Shin, Dong A., and Hak Min Kim. "Functions and Effects of Character Songs in a Musical ＜My Fair Lady＞." Institute of Art & Design Research 26, no. 2 (2023): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.59386/jadr.2023.26.2.123.

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This study was performed to investigate the functions and effects of the character songs in a musical, ＜My Fair Lady＞(1956). Character songs play an important role in the musical not only by expressing the characters but also by multiple functions. To do so, character songs of the main characters in ＜My Fair Lady＞ were selected and the functions and effects of them were analyzed. The analysis results revealed that the character songs expressed their individuality and personality and dealt with the value, identity, desire, lack, and so on. In addition, they played the important role of sympathy

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Benabbou, Nawal, Mithun Chakraborty, Ayumi Igarashi, and Yair Zick. "Finding Fair and Efficient Allocations for Matroid Rank Valuations." ACM Transactions on Economics and Computation 9, no. 4 (2021): 1–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3485006.

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In this article, we present new results on the fair and efficient allocation of indivisible goods to agents whose preferences correspond to matroid rank functions . This is a versatile valuation class with several desirable properties (such as monotonicity and submodularity), which naturally lends itself to a number of real-world domains. We use these properties to our advantage; first, we show that when agent valuations are matroid rank functions, a socially optimal (i.e., utilitarian social welfare-maximizing) allocation that achieves envy-freeness up to one item (EF1) exists and is computat

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Chakraborty, Abhisek, Anirban Bhattacharya, and Debdeep Pati. "A Gibbs Posterior Framework for Fair Clustering." Entropy 26, no. 1 (2024): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e26010063.

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The rise of machine learning-driven decision-making has sparked a growing emphasis on algorithmic fairness. Within the realm of clustering, the notion of balance is utilized as a criterion for attaining fairness, which characterizes a clustering mechanism as fair when the resulting clusters maintain a consistent proportion of observations representing individuals from distinct groups delineated by protected attributes. Building on this idea, the literature has rapidly incorporated a myriad of extensions, devising fair versions of the existing frequentist clustering algorithms, e.g., k-means, k

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FILIPOVIĆ, DAMIR, and MICHAEL KUPPER. "EQUILIBRIUM PRICES FOR MONETARY UTILITY FUNCTIONS." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 11, no. 03 (2008): 325–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219024908004828.

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This paper provides sufficient and necessary conditions for the existence of equilibrium pricing rules for monetary utility functions under convex consumption constraints. These utility functions are characterized by the assumption of a fully fungible numeraire asset ("cash"). Each agent's utility is nominally shifted by exactly the amount of cash added to his endowment. We find the individual maximum utility that each agent is eligible for in an equilibrium and provide a game theoretic point of view for the fair allocation of the aggregate utility.

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Jung, Hong-Shik. "A Study on Informatization and Administrative Functions." Korean Journal of Policy Studies 5 (December 31, 1990): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps05008.

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Influenced by the rapid development of information technology(IT) owing to the merger of computer and telecommunications technology, informatization has been fast advancing in the world. Informatization not only accelerates structural changes ranging from economics to society as a whole, but also has significant impacts upon national activities as well as individuals or society. In the light of implementing all the national activities in the future, therefore, developing trends, influence, and utilizing methods of the informatization are to be considered. Initiated by the governments, the majo

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Lednev, Alexander P. "INTERACTION OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION BODIES OF NIZHNY NOVGOROD FAIR WITH THE STATE AUTHORITIES IN SOLVING CUSTOMS POLICY ISSUES IN THE POST-REFORM PERIOD OF THE 19th CENTURY." Historical Search 2, no. 3 (2021): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/2712-9454-2021-2-3-45-51.

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The present article examines interaction between public administration bodies of Nizhny Novgorod Fair and the state authorities in solving customs policy issues in the post-reform period of the 19th century It was the public administration bodies, whose functions included planning measures to improve the quality of trade and petitioning the government about the needs of domestic industry and trade, that influenced implementation of domestic and foreign state policy. The fair public administration, taking into account the importance that the Nizhny Novgorod Fair had in domestic and foreign trad

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Baxtiyorovna, Sattarova Ismigul, and Dr Sarah Green. "The Functions Of "Letter" As an Element of The Narrative Structure of W. Thackeray's Novel "Vanity Fair"." American Journal of Philological Sciences 5, no. 5 (2025): 324–27. https://doi.org/10.37547/ajps/volume05issue05-89.

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The article examines the functions of "writing" as a way of contrasting the characters in W. Thackeray's novel "Vanity Fair". It is noted that the "letters" in the novel play an important role on a compositional and motivational level. Special attention is paid to the representation of the concept of "wealth" in the "letters" given in the novel. This analysis is informed by the current trends and approaches in reading narratives from the Victorian era, with a focus on the relations between Thackeray’s letters and imperialism, emotional distance, and performativity.

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Ghodsi, Mohammad, Mohammad Taghi Hajiaghayi, Masoud Seddighin, Saeed Seddighin, and Hadi Yami. "Fair Allocation of Indivisible Goods: Improvement." Mathematics of Operations Research 46, no. 3 (2021): 1038–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/moor.2020.1096.

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We study the problem of fair allocation for indivisible goods. We use the maximin share paradigm introduced by Budish [Budish E (2011) The combinatorial assignment problem: Approximate competitive equilibrium from equal incomes. J. Political Econom. 119(6):1061–1103.] as a measure of fairness. Kurokawa et al. [Kurokawa D, Procaccia AD, Wang J (2018) Fair enough: Guaranteeing approximate maximin shares. J. ACM 65(2):8.] were the first to investigate this fundamental problem in the additive setting. They showed that in delicately constructed examples, not everyone can obtain a utility of at leas

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LYKOV, ALEXANDER, STEPAN MUZYCHKA, and KIRILL VANINSKY. "INVESTOR'S SENTIMENT IN MULTI-AGENT MODEL OF THE CONTINUOUS DOUBLE AUCTION." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 19, no. 06 (2016): 1650040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219024916500400.

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We introduce and treat rigorously a new multi-agent model of the continuous double auction or in other words the order book (OB). It is designed to explain collective behavior of the market when new information affecting the market arrives. The novel feature of the model is two additional slow changing parameters, the so-called sentiment functions. These sentiment functions measure the conception of the fair price of two groups of investors, namely, bulls and bears. Our model specifies differential equations for the time evolution of sentiment functions and constitutes a nonlinear Markov proce

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Palmer, Christopher, Paul Delligatti, Andrew Zutz, and William Lane. "SEC updates regulatory framework for good faith determinations of fair value." Journal of Investment Compliance 22, no. 2 (2021): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joic-04-2021-0019.

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Purpose To explain the new U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Rule 2a-5 (the “Fair Value Rule”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”), which addresses the valuation practices of registered investment companies and business development companies. Design/methodology/approach Provides an overview of the Fair Value Rule, followed by a more detailed summary of the key provisions, including relevant guidance provided by the SEC in the release adopting the Fair Value Rule. Findings The Fair Value Rule establishes a specific framework, a standard of baseline practices

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Nam, Hyun Woo. "A Study on the Module-Specific Functional Framework of Art NFT Service." Korea Institute of Design Research Society 8, no. 4 (2023): 355–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46248/kidrs.2023.4.355.

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The goal of this study was to identify the problems of art NFTs through quantitative surveys and qualitative FGIs, and then propose module-specific functions and services of a web platform for fair use of NFT artworks. The survey results showed that NFT artworks have high rarity as a collectible value based on the reliability of blockchain technology, but purchase and sale prices that are not fair and reliable, and copyright and license disputes are serious. Therefore, this study proposed a framework and presented a model centered on the requirements and functions of each module of the art NFT

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Ni, Xinlai, Michael Garland, and John C. Hart. "Fair morse functions for extracting the topological structure of a surface mesh." ACM Transactions on Graphics 23, no. 3 (2004): 613–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1015706.1015769.

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Moreira, Marcos Vicente, and João Carlos Basilio. "Fair and Square Computation of Inverse $ {\cal Z}$-Transforms of Rational Functions." IEEE Transactions on Education 55, no. 2 (2012): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/te.2011.2171185.

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Rayner, Eric. "SOME FUNCTIONS OF BEING FAIR AND JUST-OR NOT, IN CLINICAL PSYCHOANALYSIS." International Journal of Psychoanalysis 80, no. 3 (1999): 477–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1516/0020757991598864.

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Li, Z., and A. Vetta. "The Fair Division of Hereditary Set Systems." ACM Transactions on Economics and Computation 9, no. 2 (2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3434410.

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We consider the fair division of indivisible items using the maximin shares measure. Recent work on the topic has focused on extending results beyond the class of additive valuation functions. In this spirit, we study the case where the items form a hereditary set system. We present a simple algorithm that allocates each agent a bundle of items whose value is at least 0.3666 times the maximin share of the agent. This improves upon the current best known guarantee of 0.2 due to Ghodsi et al. The analysis of the algorithm is almost tight; we present an instance where the algorithm provides a gua

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Griswold, Michael, James Henegan, Chad Blackshear, et al. "FAIR SHARING OF THE BLSA DATA ECOSYSTEM." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (2022): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.1231.

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Abstract The BLSA is an invaluable resource for the study of human aging with uniquely rich measures taken longitudinally on a continuous replenishment cohort since 1958. Tremendous interest has been expressed by the United States and international research communities in expanded access to and use of BLSA data to address emerging scientific questions. Here, we will describe recent study leadership initiatives into: (1) making the BLSA data more FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable), (2) growing a BLSA data ecosystem that enables scalable sharing, and (3) leveraging and deve

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Hejkrlík, J., J. Mazancová, and K. Forejtová. "How effective is Fair Trade as a tool for the stabilization of agricultural commodity markets? Case of coffee in the Czech Republic." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 59, No. 1 (2013): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/41/2012-agricecon.

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Fair Trade is one of the leading systems of the Corporate Social Responsibility and a price stabilization mechanism for producers in developing countries. It is being practiced by more and more Czech importers and manufactures of the tropical agricultural commodities. Coffee represents the highest market share. However, a higher final retail price functions as a strong inhibitor of the dynamic market growth. The article uses the linear static model applied to various consumer-perceived factors influencing the retail price of the conventional, organic and Fair Trade coffee available in the Czec

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Dodis, Yeveniy, Pil Lee, and Dae Yum. "Optimistic Fair Exchange in a Multi-user Setting." JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science 14, no. (3) (2008): 318–46. https://doi.org/10.3217/jucs-014-03-0318.

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This paper addresses the security of optimistic fair exchange in a multi-user setting. While the security of public key encryption and public key signature schemes in a single-user setting guarantees the security in a multi-user setting, we show that the situation is different in the optimistic fair exchange. First, we show how to break, in the multi-user setting, an optimistic fair exchange scheme provably secure in the single-user setting. This example separates the security of optimistic fair exchange between the single-user setting and the multi-user setting. We then define the formal secu

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Mostova, I., and E. Yanyna-Ledovska. "Folk dance of Slobozhanshchyna in the fair tradition." Culture of Ukraine, no. 77 (September 28, 2022): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31516/2410-5325.077.12.

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The purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of the Sloboda folk dance development in the context of the historic genesis of the fair tradition in the region that provides grounds for further functioning of the folk dance, argues for the peculiarities of the dance canon and will expand the themes of modern choreographers’ creativity. The methodology. The research methodology is based on the main cultural approaches. The historical approach to the study of the fair as an artistic phenomenon provided a comprehensive understanding of the formation, functioning and development of

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Feng, Shujie. "Fair use of trademarks in Chinese law: a daunting defence to trademark infringement." Queen Mary Journal of Intellectual Property 15, no. 2 (2025): 196–218. https://doi.org/10.4337/qmjip.2025.02.03.

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Fair use is a common exception to trademark rights in national laws. Although it is a widely recognized illustrative example of exceptions within Article 17 of the TRIP Agreement, practice in national law often requires supplementary mechanisms that can appropriately balance the interests between two opposing parties. This article reviews the burden of proof for defendants, the methods of applying law by courts and the balancing of interests between trademark owners and third parties regarding fair use in Chinese law. The analysis of these procedural and substantive law issues shows that fair

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FATOUROU, PANAGIOTA, MARIOS MAVRONICOLAS, and PAUL SPIRAKIS. "MAX-MIN FAIR FLOW CONTROL SENSITIVE TO PRIORITIES." Journal of Interconnection Networks 06, no. 02 (2005): 85–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219265905001332.

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Flow control is the dominant technique currently used in communication networks for preventing excess traffic from flooding the network, and for handling congestion. In rate-based flow control, transmission rates of sessions are adjusted in an end-to-end manner through a sequence of operations. In this work, we present a theory of max-min fair, rate-based flow control sensitive to priorities of different sessions, as a significant extension of the classical theory of max-min fair, rate-based flow control to networks supporting applications with diverse requirements on network resources. Each i

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Urinboevich, Dilshod Aripov. "JUDICIAL REVIEW AS A FUNCTION OF THE JUDICIARY." American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology 6, no. 11 (2024): 95–99. https://doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/volume06issue11-14.

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This article discusses the role of the institute of judicial review in ensuring the independence of the judiciary; its importance in ensuring the rights and freedoms of citizens; its differences from fair trial; its types and forms of implementation; its subjects and objects; its purpose and content; its characteristics of execution through legal and disciplinary norms; its functions in law enforcement, regulation, organizational maintenance, education; as well as its prospects in strengthening the independence of the judiciary from other branches of government.

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Acton, Jennifer. "Fair Work Australia: An Accessible, Independent Umpire for Employment Matters." Journal of Industrial Relations 53, no. 5 (2011): 578–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185611419607.

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Fair Work Australia is a new industrial relations tribunal that comes with more than 100 years of history that has shaped its functions and substantive work. This article briefly plots the development of Fair Work Australia’s jurisdiction in respect of awards, bargaining and agreement making, the ‘alternative’ dispute resolution of rights-based disputes, termination of employment, industrial organizations, and appeals. It then analyses statistical data to reveal the changes that have occurred in the day-to-day work of Australia’s national industrial institution over time. The independence and

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Chamanara, Javad, Jitendra Gaikwad, Roman Gerlach, Alsayed Algergawy, Andreas Ostrowski, and Birgitta König-Ries. "BEXIS2: A FAIR-aligned data management system for biodiversity, ecology and environmental data." Biodiversity Data Journal 9 (November 5, 2021): e72901. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e72901.

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Obtaining fit-to-use data associated with diverse aspects of biodiversity, ecology and environment is challenging since often it is fragmented, sub-optimally managed and available in heterogeneous formats. Recently, with the universal acceptance of the FAIR data principles, the requirements and standards of data publications have changed substantially. Researchers are encouraged to manage the data as per the FAIR data principles and ensure that the raw data, metadata, processed data, software, codes and associated material are securely stored and the data be made available with the completion

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Brotcke, Liming. "Time to Assess Bias in Machine Learning Models for Credit Decisions." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 15, no. 4 (2022): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15040165.

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Focus on fair lending has become more intensified recently as bank and non-bank lenders apply artificial-intelligence (AI)-based credit determination approaches. The data analytics technique behind AI and machine learning (ML) has proven to be powerful in many application areas. However, ML can be less transparent and explainable than traditional regression models, which may raise unique questions about its compliance with fair lending laws. ML may also reduce potential for discrimination, by reducing discretionary and judgmental decisions. As financial institutions continue to explore ML appl

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Wang, Yilei, Chuan Zhao, Qiuliang Xu, Zhihua Zheng, Zhenhua Chen, and Zhe Liu. "Fair Secure Computation with Reputation Assumptions in the Mobile Social Networks." Mobile Information Systems 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/637458.

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With the rapid development of mobile devices and wireless technologies, mobile social networks become increasingly available. People can implement many applications on the basis of mobile social networks. Secure computation, like exchanging information and file sharing, is one of such applications. Fairness in secure computation, which means that either all parties implement the application or none of them does, is deemed as an impossible task in traditional secure computation without mobile social networks. Here we regard the applications in mobile social networks as specific functions and st

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Puig Castro, Diego, Ana Coronado Ferrer, Juan Carlos Castro Palacio, Pedro Fernández de Córdoba, Nuria Ortigosa, and Enrique A. Sánchez Pérez. "Non-Centered Chi Distributions as Models for Fair Assessment in Sports Performance." Symmetry 17, no. 7 (2025): 1039. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17071039.

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Some stochastic phenomena that appear in real-world processes and satisfy some similar characteristics can be effectively modeled using functions based on variants of the chi distribution. In this paper, we extend the use of the uncentered chi distribution to the assessment of sports performance, focusing on its ability to characterize the physical fitness of athletes. The generating functions, constructed from individual test data assumed to follow a Gaussian distribution, provide a basis for creating a fitness index. In addition, we propose a methodology to rank athletes based on their perfo

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Bourdache, Nadjet, and Patrice Perny. "Active Preference Learning Based on Generalized Gini Functions: Application to the Multiagent Knapsack Problem." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 7741–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33017741.

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We consider the problem of actively eliciting preferences from a Decision Maker supervising a collective decision process in the context of fair multiagent combinatorial optimization. Individual preferences are supposed to be known and represented by linear utility functions defined on a combinatorial domain and the social utility is defined as a generalized Gini Social evaluation Function (GSF) for the sake of fairness. The GSF is a non-linear aggregation function parameterized by weighting coefficients which allow a fine control of the equity requirement in the aggregation of individual util

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牛曰正, 牛曰正. "論公平交易法上事業之功能性判斷的意義與功能". 政大法學評論 171, № 171 (2022): 209–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/102398202022120171004.

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Janáček, Jaroslav, Lýdia Gábrišová, and Miroslav Plevný. "FAIR FACILITY ALLOCATION IN EMERGENCY SERVICE SYSTEM." Journal of Business Economics and Management 21, no. 4 (2020): 1058–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2020.12823.

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The request of equal accessibility must be respected to some extent when dealing with problems of designing or rebuilding of emergency service systems. Not only the disutility of the average user but also the disutility of the worst situated user must be taken into consideration. Respecting this principle is called fairness of system design. Unfairness can be mitigated to a certain extent by an appropriate fair allocation of additional facilities among the centres. In this article, two criteria of collective fairness are defined in the connection with the facility allocation problem. To solve

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Raheja, Supriya, Reena Dadhich, and Smita Rajpal. "Designing of Vague Logic Based Fair-Share CPU Scheduler: VFS CPU Scheduler." International Journal of Fuzzy System Applications 4, no. 3 (2015): 25–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijfsa.2015070103.

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CPU scheduler is the primary component of an operating system which supports multitasking. Fair Share CPU scheduler uses static policy to share the CPU time among different levels of system. Static sharing of CPU time can affect the performance of system. Moreover, Fair share scheduler does not consider the impreciseness and uncertainty related to tasks. The objective is to design a vague based fair share scheduler (VFS). VFS scheduler extends the research in the field of fair sharing of CPU time where the functions of VFS scheduler are threefold: firstly, it deals with the impreciseness of ta

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Lee, Il-Ho. "Fair Use Under Korean Copyright Law: An Analysis of Case Law." Korea Copyright Commission 141 (March 30, 2023): 151–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30582/kdps.2023.36.1.151.

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In 2011, the fair use provision was introduced in Korean copyright law. While it has been reformed once to make it more effective, and efforts have been made to establish so-called fair use guidelines to increse its predictability, doubts are raised as to whether fair use functions as a practical standard in actual copyright cases. It is time to point out its status quo and to observe how fair use has been operated by the Korean judiciary; this new legal instrument is intended to actively pursue a balance between the interests of creators and users/the public. Moreover, fair use may be underst

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