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Academic literature on the topic 'Fungi Aspergillus'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Fungi Aspergillus"

1

Priyanta, Riswanda Dwiky, Meitini Wahyuni Proborini, and Anak Agung Raka Dalem. "Phosphate Solvent Fungi Exploration and Identification in West Bali National Park Forest Area." Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences 6, no. 1 (August 2, 2019): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/metamorfosa.2019.v06.i01.p21.

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Research on the exploration and identification of phosphate solvent fungi has never been carried out in West Bali National Park (TNBB), therefore researchers aims to explore and identify microscopic fungi to be used as phosphate solvent fungi which later will be taken from each plant soil samples (Lantana camara) that the presence is very common in TNBB. The research was implemented in two stages. The first stage is exploration of soil fungi in the field (TNBB) and identification of fungal species and the second stage is the phosphate solvent fungus test on Pikovskaya media. The results of the identification of the fungi obtained as follow: Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus bertholletius, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus isolate 4, Aspergillus isolate 5, Penicillium citrinum, and Trichoderma amazonicum. From the entire types of fungi obtained, there are onlybfour fungi that have the potential as phosphate solvents, namely Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus bertholletius and Penicillium citrinum with the presence of clear zones on Pikovskaya media. Fungi that has the best potential in the process of phosphate dissolution is Aspergillus niger. Key words: Rhizosfer, Lantana camara, clear zone, phosphate solvent fungus

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Singh, Pummi, Marc Orbach, and Peter Cotty. "Aspergillus texensis: A Novel Aflatoxin Producer with S Morphology from the United States." Toxins 10, no. 12 (December 3, 2018): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins10120513.

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Aflatoxins are carcinogenic metabolites produced primarily by fungi within Aspergillus section Flavi. These fungi infect a wide range of crops in warm regions. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of fungi with S morphology (average sclerotium size < 400 µm) within section Flavi collected from across the United States (US) resulted in the discovery of a novel aflatoxin-producing species, Aspergillus texensis. Aspergillus texensis was isolated from maize grown in Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas, and from soils cropped to maize in Texas. Aspergillus texensis produces sparse conidia and abundant sclerotia on various culture media, and on maize. Physiological studies have revealed optimal growth on culture media at 35 °C. All isolates of A. texensis produced B and G aflatoxins, cyclopiazonic acid and aspergillic acid. Aspergillus texensis and A. flavus S strain morphotypes produced similar concentrations of total aflatoxins on maize (p > 0.05). Phylogenetic analyses of aflatoxin-producers based on partial gene sequences of the β-tubulin (0.9 kb), calmodulin (1.2 kb), and nitrate reductase (2.1 kb) genes placed A. texensis in a highly supported monophyletic clade closely related to A. minisclerotigenes and a previously reported unnamed lineage designated Lethal Aflatoxicosis Fungus.

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Varga, J., J. Frisvad, and R. Samson. "A reappraisal of fungi producing aflatoxins." World Mycotoxin Journal 2, no. 3 (August 1, 2009): 263–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/wmj2008.1094.

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Aflatoxins are decaketide-derived secondary metabolites which are produced by a complex biosynthetic pathway. Aflatoxins are among the economically most important mycotoxins. Aflatoxin B1 exhibits hepatocarcinogenic and hepatotoxic properties, and is frequently referred to as the most potent naturally occurring carcinogen. Acute aflatoxicosis epidemics occur in several parts of Asia and Africa leading to the death of several hundred people. Aflatoxin production has incorrectly been claimed for a long list of Aspergillus species and also for species assigned to other fungal genera. Recent data indicate that aflatoxins are produced by 13 species assigned to three sections of the genus Aspergillus: section Flavi (A. flavus, A. pseudotamarii, A. parasiticus, A. nomius, A. bombycis, A. parvisclerotigenus, A. minisclerotigenes, A. arachidicola), section Nidulantes (Emericella astellata, E. venezuelensis, E. olivicola) and section Ochraceorosei (A. ochraceoroseus, A. rambellii). Several species claimed to produce aflatoxins have been synonymised with other aflatoxin producers, including A. toxicarius (=A. parasiticus), A. flavus var. columnaris (=A. flavus) or A. zhaoqingensis (=A. nomius). Compounds with related structures include sterigmatocystin, an intermediate of aflatoxin biosynthesis produced by several Aspergilli and species assigned to other genera, and dothistromin produced by a range of non-Aspergillus species. In this review, we wish to give an overview of aflatoxin production including the list of species incorrectly identified as aflatoxin producers, and provide short descriptions of the 'true' aflatoxin producing species.

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Mulyana, Nana, Tri Retno Dyah Larasati, Nurhasni Nurhasni, and Meliana Ningrum. "Peningkatan Aktivitas Enzim Selulase dan Produksi Glukosa Melalui Fermentasi Substrat Jerami Padi Dengan Fungi Aspergillus niger yang Dipapari Sinar Gamma." Jurnal Ilmiah Aplikasi Isotop dan Radiasi 11, no. 1 (May 25, 2016): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/jair.2015.11.1.2695.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas enzim selulase dan produksi glukosa dalam substrat jerami padi dengan fungi Aspergillus niger yang dipapari sinar gamma Chamber 4000A. Kaldu kentang dektrosa (PDB), garam mineral dengan substrat jerami padi 0 dan 5% berat/volum digunakan sebagai medium cair. Fungi Aspergillus niger dalam media agar miring (slent) dipapari dengan iradiasi gamma pada dosis 0 (kontrol),125, 250, 375, 500 dan 625 Gy. Fungi Aspergillus niger yang dipapari sinar gamma 500 Gy memiliki aktivitas selulase lebih tinggi (2,5 kali) dibanding kontrol (0 Gy) yaitu 2,02 U/ml-2,28 U/ml untuk fungi yang dipapari iradiasi gamma dan 0,60 U/ml-1,12 U/ml untuk kontrol. Pada fermentasi fase padat substrat jerami padi dengan kadar kelembaban awal 81% selama 14 hari menggunakan fungi Aspergillus niger yang dipapari sinar gamma 500 Gy dan kontrol. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa fungi Aspergillus niger 500 Gy memiliki aktivitas selulase lebih tinggi (3,9 kali) dibandingkan kontrol yaitu 31,01 U/g untuk fungi yang dipapari sinar gamma dan 7,85 U/g untuk kontrol. Di samping itu, fungi Aspergillus niger (500 Gy) mampu memproduksi glukosa lebih tinggi (2,6 kali) yaitu 125,79 mg/g sedangkan kontrol (0 Gy) adalah 48,00 mg/g. Penggunaan ekstrak enzim kasar yang dihasilkan oleh fungi Aspergillus niger yang dipapar sinar gamma 500 Gy sesuai untuk hidrolisis substrat jerami padi dalam memproduksi glukosa serta mampu meningkatkan aktivitas selulase. Kata kunci : Aspergillus niger, iradiasi gamma, aktivitas selulase, glukosa, fermentasi padat

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Susanti, Yuli, Leka Lutpiatina, and Ratih Dewi Dwiyanti. "Fungi That Produce Toxins in Salted Fish." Tropical Health and Medical Research 1, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35916/thmr.v1i1.2.

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Salted fish are fish that are processed through a process of salting and drying. The contamination of fungi in salted fish can be caused by prolonged storage. Storage of salted fish that is too long can cause the growth of various fungi. One of the fungi that often grows in salted fish is the fungus of Aspergillus sp. Some species of the Aspergillus sp fungi can produce aflatoxin, one of which is Aspergillus flavus. This study aims to determine the contamination of toxin-producing fungi in salted fish in the traditional Banjarbaru market in Indonesia. The type of research used is descriptive survey. Samples were taken by purposive sampling taken from 5 salted fish sellers each taken 3 different types of salted fish so that the number of samples was 15. The results were obtained from 15 samples examined, 6 positive samples contaminated with Aspergillus flavus fungi, 8 positive samples contaminated with Aspergillus fungi niger, 5 positive samples contaminated with Monilia sitophila fungi, 6 positive samples contaminated with Rhizopus sp fungi, 6 positive samples contaminated with Penicillium sp fungi, and 1 positive sample contaminated with Mucor sp fungi. Based on the results of the study, samples of salted fish contaminated with Aspergillus sp fungi were 73% (11 samples) and no samples were contaminated with Fusarium sp.

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Zainal ariffin, Zaidah. "Aspergillus sydowii Strain SCAU066 and Aspergillus versicolor Isolate BAB-6580: Potential Source of Xylanolytic, Cellulolytic and Amylolytic Enzymes." Science Letters 14, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/sl.v14i2.9539.

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Fungi is known to produce a wide range of biologically active metabolites and enzymes. Enzymes produced by fungi are utilized in food and pharmaceutical industries because of their rich enzymatic profile. Filamentous fungi are particularly interesting due to their high production of extracellular enzymes which has a large industrial potential. The aim of this study is to isolate potential soil fungi species that are able to produce functional enzymes for industries. Five Aspergillus species were successfully isolated from antibiotic overexposed soil (GPS coordinate of N3.093219 E101.40269) by standard microbiological method. The isolated fungi were identified via morphological observations and molecular tools; polymerase chain reactions, ITS 1 (5’- TCC GTA GGT GAA CCT GCG G3’) forward primer and ITS 4 (5’-TCC TCC GCT TAT TGA TAT GC-3’) reverse primer. The isolated fungi were identified as Aspergillus sydowii strain SCAU066, Aspergillus tamarii isolate TN-7, Aspergillus candidus strain KUFA 0062, Aspergillus versicolor isolate BAB-6580, and Aspergillus protuberus strain KAS 6024. Supernatant obtained via submerged fermentation of the isolated fungi in potato dextrose broth (PDB) and extracted via centrifugation was loaded onto specific media to screen for the production of xylanolytic, cellulolytic and amylolytic enzymes. The present findings indicate that Aspergillus sydowii strain SCAU066 and Aspergillus versicolor isolate BAB-6580 have great potential as an alternative source of xylanolytic, cellulolytic and amylolytic enzymes.

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Bowman, J. C., G. K. Abruzzo, A. M. Flattery, C. J. Gill, E. J. Hickey, M. J. Hsu, J. Nielsen Kahn, et al. "Efficacy of Caspofungin against Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, and Aspergillus nidulans." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 50, no. 12 (October 2, 2006): 4202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00485-06.

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ABSTRACT The echinocandin caspofungin is a potent inhibitor of the activity of 1,3-β-d-glucan synthase from Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, and Aspergillus nidulans. In murine models of disseminated infection, caspofungin prolonged survival and reduced the kidney fungal burden. Caspofungin was at least as effective as amphotericin B against these filamentous fungi in vivo.

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8

Isnawati, Isnawati. "Aktivitas Sellulolitik Fungi Indigenus pada Fermetoge: Pakan Fermentasi Hewan Ruminansia Terbuat dari Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) dan Tongkol Jagung (Zea mays)." Jurnal Riset Biologi dan Aplikasinya 1, no. 1 (January 28, 2019): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jrba.v1n1.p26-31.

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Eceng gondok dan tongkol jagung tergolong bahan bersellulosa. Pada campuran kedua bahan itu terdapat mikroba indigenus. Tujuan pertama riset ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas sellulolitik fungi indigenus yang terdapat pada fermetoge, pakan fermentasi dari campuran eceng gondok dan tongkol jagung. Eceng gondok dipotong dan tongkol jagung dihancurkan sampai berukuran sekitar 1-2 cm, dikukus, dan difermentasi secara alamiah menggunakan mikroorganisme indigenus. Mikroorganisme tersebut diisolasi dari pakan tersebut setiap hari selama 15 hari selama fermentasi berlangsung. Selanjutnya,isolate yang diperoleh dimurnikan, dikarakterisasi, dan diidentifikasi. Terdapat 10 fungi indigenus dalam pakan. Berdasarkan observasi karakteristik mikroskopik dan makroskopik fungi-fungi tersebut meliputi Aspergillus sp1, Rhizopus sp1, Aspergillus terreus, Mucor sp1, Aspergillus sp2, Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma sp1, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus sp3, dan Penicillium sp1. Uji aktivitas sellulolitik pada medium spesifik CMC memaparkan bahwa Mucor Sp1, Rhizopus sp1 dan Trichoderma sp1 adalah tiga fungi dengan aktivitas sellulolitik tinggi, karena membentuk zona halo yang luas pada permukaan media setelah diwarnai dengan Congo red 2%.

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Syaukani, Syaukani, Zulia Ananda, Suhartono Suhartono, Sirtina Sirtina, Oviana Lisa, Alfizar Alfizar, and Samingan Samingan. "Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Entomopathogenic Fungal Isolates Using Molecular Approach." Elkawnie 6, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/ekw.v6i2.6549.

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Abstract: Entomopathogenic fungi are essential to consider as one of the biological agents to control termite populations. This research aimed to molecularly identify entomopathogenic fungi isolates in termites based on the ITS rDNA region and to determine the relationship of fungi isolates. Identification was performed by DNA extraction, PCR amplification, electrophoresis, purification, and sequencing. Phylogenetic trees were generated using MEGA X. Molecular identification showed that the ISO1 sample was Penicillium oxalicum, the ISO2 sample was Trichoderma ghanense the ISO3 sample was Aspergillus niger, the ISO4 sample was Aspergillus fumigatus and the ISO5 sample was Aspergillus pseudonomius. The phylogenetic tree showed that the ISO1, ISO2, ISO3, ISO4, and ISO5 samples had the closest relationship with Penicillium oxalicum strain FR6-CGR12, Trichoderma ghanense isolate TM2, Aspergillus niger isolate 77, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Aspergillus pseudonomius strain DTO 267D6, respectively.Abstrak: Kelimpahan jenis fungi entomopatogen adalah hal yang terpenting untuk dipertimbangkan sebagai agen hayati bagi populasi rayap.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi secara molekular isolat fungi entomopatogen pada rayap, berdasarkan daerah ITS rDNA dan mengetahui hubungan kekerabatan dari isolat fungi tersebut. Identifikasi dilakukan dengan cara ekstraksi DNA, amplifikasi menggunakan PCR, elektroforesis, purifikasi dan sekuensing. Selanjutnya kontruksi pohon filogenetik menggunakan aplikasi MEGA X. Berdasarkan uji molekular menunjukkan bahwa sampel ISO1 merupakan Penicillium oxalicum.ISO2 merupakan Trichoderma ghanense.ISO3 merupakan Aspergillus niger. ISO4 merupakan Aspergillus fumigatus.ISO5 merupakan Aspergillus pseudonomius.Konstruksi pohon filogenetik menunjukkan bahwa, sampel ISO1 berkerabat dekat dengan Penicillium oxalicum strain FR6-CGR12. Sampel ISO2 berkerabat dekat dengan Trichoderma ghanense isolat TM2. Sampel ISO3 berkerabat dekat dengan Aspergillus nigerisolat 77. Sampel ISO4 berkerabat dekat dengan Aspergillus fumigatus.Sampel ISO5 berkerabat dekat dengan Aspergillus pseudonomius strain DTO 267D6.

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Varga, János, Sándor Kocsubé, Gyöngyi Szigeti, Nikolett Baranyi, Csaba Vágvölgyi, Daniela Jakšić Despot, Donát Magyar, Martin Meijer, Robert A. Samson, and Maja Šegvić Klarić. "Occurrence of black Aspergilli in indoor environments of six countries." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 65, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-65-2014-2450.

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AbstractBlack Aspergilli (Aspergillus section Nigri) are widely distributed in various habitats. They act as food spoilage organisms, human pathogens, and mycotoxin producers and are frequently encountered in indoor environments. Black Aspergilli, specifically A. niger, A. welwitschiae, and A. carbonarius, produce different ochratoxins and fumonisins. Ochratoxins are known to induce renal disorders following inhalation, which necessitates the determination of potential mycotoxin-producing species in our environment. This paper aimed to compare the diversity and species distribution of black Aspergilli in the indoor environments of six different countries using morphological and molecular methods. A total of 178 black Aspergillus isolates were identified from six countries. In contrast with results from previous studies, A. niger was not the only black Aspergillus detected in indoor air. Species distribution differed among countries, although the distribution in European countries (Croatia, Hungary, the Netherlands, and Turkey) with a temperate climate was considerably similar. The highest species diversity was observed in indoor samples from Thailand, while the lowest was found in Algeria. Potentially ochratoxin- and fumonisin-producing fungi were detected in the indoor air of all six countries. Further studies need to clarify the effect of these fungi and their mycotoxins on human and animal health.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fungi Aspergillus"

1

Johnstone, Iain Lindsay. "Transformation of Aspergillus nidulans." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313341.

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Kramer, Isaac. "Heat shock in Aspergillus nidulans : a molecular study." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297992.

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Barnes, D. E. "Studies on the transformation of Aspergillus nidulans." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377245.

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Suleman, Essa. "The role of pacC in Aspergillus flavus." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/612.

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Many microorganisms, and in particular fungi, are able to grow over a wide pH range. Thus, these microorganisms must possess some regulatory mechanism or system that senses the environmental pH signal and ensures that gene expression of certain molecules is tailored to the pH of the environment (Penalva and Arst, 2002). In Aspergillus species and several other fungi, pH regulation is mediated by seven genes viz. palA, palB, palC, palF, palH, palI and the global pH regulatory gene, pacC (MacAbe et al, 1996; Negrete-Urtasun, 1999; Denison, 2000). The activated form of the PacC protein activates genes that are required at alkaline pH, e.g. genes coding for alkaline phosphatases, and represses certain genes that are functional at acidic pH, e.g. genes encoding acid phosphatases (Negrete-Urtasun, 1999). PacC (and its homologues) also positively regulates genes involved in penicillin biosynthesis, e.g. the isopenicillin N synthase gene, ipnA, in A. nidulans (Penalva and Arst, 2002). It has also been hypothesised that pacC may negatively regulate aflatoxin biosynthesis, a carcinogenic secondary metabolite in several species of Aspergillus (Keller et al, 1997). To elucidate the role of pacC a novel method of post-transcriptional gene silencing known as RNA interference was utilized. This method involved the cloning of a partial pacC gene fragment first in the forward and then the reverse orientations in a fungal expression cassette to create an RNA interference (RNAi) vector. The unique structure of this vector would allow the cloned fragments to be expressed and the resulting RNA to immediately form a double stranded stem-loop structure or short hairpin RNA (shRNA; McDonald et al, 2005). The formation of this shRNA, in turn, would be responsible for activating the endogenous RNA degradation complexes that would lead to mRNA degradation and subsequent gene silencing (Liu et al, 2003; Kadotoni et al, 2003; McDonald et al, 2005). The results presented here have shown that confirmed pacC RNAi mutants produced aflatoxins irrespective of environmental pH (i.e. the mutants produce aflatoxins under acidic and alkaline conditions). Thus, pacC is essential for pH regulation of aflatoxin production in A. flavus. There are numerous other biological (e.g. presence of oxylipins, lipooxygenases) and non-biological factors (pH, carbon source etc.) which affect maize colonisation and aflatoxin production by A. flavus (Burrow et al, 1996; Wilson et al, 2001; Calvo et al; 2002; Tsitsigiannis et al, 2006). However, all the genetic mechanisms involved have as yet not been identified. It has been shown by Caracuel et al (2003) that pacC acts as a negative virulence regulator in plants and these workers have hypothesised that PacC prevents expression of genes that are important for infection and virulence of the pathogen. Therefore the physiological effects that pacC silencing had on the growth, conidiation and pathogenicity of A. flavus mutants were also investigated. The results of this study showed that pacC does not play a significant role in primary growth and development but does affect conidial production. SEM results showed that mutants have many “open ended” phialides and poorly developed conidiophores. This would suggest that pacC activation of conidial production genes is also required. Furthermore, pacC RNAi silencing severely impaired the ability of the A. flavus mutants to infect and cause damage on maize. The results obtained here are similar to that of pacC null mutants in A. nidulans, C. albicans and F. oxysporum which also exhibited low pathogenicity (Davis et al, 2000; Fonzi, W.A, 2002; Caracuel et al, 2003; Bignell et al, 2005 and Cornet et al, 2005). This study indicates that pathogenicity of A. flavus on maize is directly related to the structural integrity of conidia, which in turn is greatly influenced by PacC. This gene is a global transcriptional regulator and may either repress or activate one or many genes in each of the above pathways (Penalva and Arst, 2002). Studies on the genetic mechanisms of pacC regulation on these pathways are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of activation or repression of these genes.

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Kachapulula, Paul W., and Paul W. Kachapulula. "Aflatoxin-Producing Fungi and Contamination in Zambia." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625642.

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Aflatoxins are cancer-causing, immuno-suppressive mycotoxins that frequently contaminate important staples in Zambia including maize and groundnut. Managing aflatoxins begins with understanding the distribution of aflatoxins across the target region. Seventeen percent of crops from markets contained aflatoxin concentrations above allowable levels in Zambia, with the frequency of contamination in groundnut and maize highest in warmest regions of the country. Proper management of aflatoxin contamination requires a clear understanding of the etiologic agents of the observed contamination. Several species within Aspergillus section Flavi have been implicated as causal agents of aflatoxin contamination in Africa. In Zambia, A. parasiticus was the main etiologic agent of aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut, although fungi with S morphology also caused contamination. Aspergillus flavus L morphotype fungi were associated with reduced aflatoxins, suggesting natural biological control by atoxigenic strains may reduce aflatoxin contamination in Zambia. In addition to maize and groundnut, wild insects, fruits and fish are important sources of food and incomes in Zambia. Unfortunately, both insects and wild plants are susceptible to aflatoxin contamination. To evaluate the safety of wild insects and fruit, concentrations of aflatoxins and presence of aflatoxin-producers were assessed. Some species of wild fruits and insects were found to have unsafe levels of aflatoxins suggesting mitigation efforts should target these important foods of Zambia in addition to crops such as groundnut and maize. New lineages of aflatoxin-producing fungi have been described, and found associated with cases of aflatoxicoses in Kenya and elsewhere. Although A. parasiticus is highly frequent and an important etiologic agent of aflatoxin contamination, it is not known how this fungus is related to similar fungi elsewhere. A multigene phylogenetic analysis revealed at least two new groups divergent from known fungal species whose frequencies need to be modified if aflatoxin contamination of crops is to be reduced.

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Youngchim, Sirida. "Melanization in pathogenic fungi, particularly Aspergillus fumigatus and Penicillium marneffei." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416125.

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Newbury, Jane Amanda. "Characterisation of a HSP70 gene in Aspergillus nidulans." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241508.

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Soerensen, Tine Kring. "Cloning and characterisation of a gpt gene from Aspergillus niger." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364397.

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Woodcock, Nicola Ann. "Biochemical and physiological responses of Aspergillus nidulans to osmotic stress." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363177.

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Greene, Andrew Vanderford. "Organization of the circadian clock and control of rhythmicity in fungi." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4161.

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Circadian rhythms in biological processes occur in a wide range of organisms and are generated by endogenous oscillators. In Neurospora crassa, the FRQ-oscillator (comprised of FRQ, WC-1 and WC-2) is essential for rhythms in asexual sporulation and gene expression. How this oscillator signals to the cell to control rhythmicity is unknown. Furthermore, under certain growth conditions, rhythms are observed in FRQ-null strains, indicating the presence of one or more FRQ-less oscillators (FLOs). Interestingly, while circadian rhythms are observed in the related Aspergillus spp., they lack the frq gene, leading to the hypothesis that a FLO is responsible for rhythms in Aspergillus. Thus, Aspergillus provides a useful organism to investigate the components of the FLO. To investigate how an oscillator controls circadian output, we characterized the role of N. crassa NRC-2. The nrc-2 gene is under control of the clock and encodes a putative serine-threonine protein kinase. In a NRC-2-null strain cultured in low glucose conditions, FRQ-oscillator-dependent outputs are arrhythmic, but are rhythmic in high glucose. Our data suggests a model whereby NRC-2 relays metabolic information to the FRQ-oscillator to control rhythmic output. To understand the role of FLO(s) in the N. crassa circadian system, we examined regulation of the ccg-16 gene. We show that ccg-16 transcript rhythmicity is FRQ-independent, but WC-1-dependent. Furthermore, in contrast to current models for the FRQ-oscillator, we observed that rhythms in WC-1 protein accumulation persist in the absence of FRQ. These data support a new model involving two oscillators that are coupled through the WC-1 protein and that regulate different outputs. One approach to identify components of the FLO involved characterizing circadian rhythms in Aspergillus spp, which lacks FRQ. We find that A. flavus and A. nidulans, display circadian rhythms in sporulation and gene expression, respectively. Together, these findings provide a foundation for the identification of FLO components in both Aspergillus and N. crassa, that will ultimately lead to an understanding of how a multi-oscillator system can generate and coordinate circadian rhythmicity.

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Books on the topic "Fungi Aspergillus"

1

International Penicillium and Aspergillus Workshop (1st 1985 Trippenhuis of the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences and letters). Advances in penicillium and aspergillus systematics. New York: Plenum Press, 1985.

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2

Hore, William P. Genetic manipulation of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus Terreus. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1997.

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Ichishima, Eiji. Unique enzymes of Aspergillus fungi used in Japanese bioindustries. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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4

Trojanowska, Krystyna. Grzyby z rodzaju Aspergillus i Penicillium jako wskaźnik oceny jakości ziarna zbóż. Poznań: Wydawn. Akademii Rolniczej w Poznaniu, 1988.

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Moorehead, David James. Studies on the saccharification of starch by filamentous fungi of the genus Aspergillus in various fermentation systems. [s.l: The Author], 1989.

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Smith, J. E. Aspergillus. Springer, 2012.

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E, Smith John, ed. Aspergillus. New York: Plenum Press, 1994.

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Samson, Robert. Advances in Penicillium and Aspergillus Systematics: ). Springer, 2011.

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Samson, Robert. Advances in Penicillium and Aspergillus Systematics. Springer, 1986.

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Garrad, Richard C. Lysine biosynthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus, Filobasidiella neoformans and Candida albicans. 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fungi Aspergillus"

1

Ushijima, Shigeomi. "Improvement of Industrial Aspergillus Fungi." In Aspergillus, 41–64. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2411-3_3.

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Hangay, George, Severiano F. Gayubo, Marjorie A. Hoy, Marta Goula, Allen Sanborn, Wendell L. Morrill, Gerd GÄde, et al. "Aspergillus spp. Fungi." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 310. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_10366.

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Rhodes, Judith C., and David S. Askew. "Aspergillus fumigatus." In Cellular and Molecular Biology of Filamentous Fungi, 695–716. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555816636.ch43.

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Gadd, G. M. "Interactions of Fungi with Toxic Metals." In The Genus Aspergillus, 361–74. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0981-7_28.

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Pitt, J. I., and A. D. Hocking. "Aspergillus and Related Teleomorphs." In Fungi and Food Spoilage, 339–416. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6391-4_8.

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Pitt, John I., and Ailsa D. Hocking. "Aspergillus and Related Teleomorphs." In Fungi and Food Spoilage, 275–337. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92207-2_8.

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Ni, Min, Na Gao, Nak-Jung Kwon, Kwang-Soo Shin, and Jae-Hyuk Yu. "Regulation of Aspergillus Conidiation." In Cellular and Molecular Biology of Filamentous Fungi, 557–76. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555816636.ch35.

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Takahashi, H., K. Chikakane, S. Hanawa, M. Okuda, M. Hatano, K. Kikuchi, Y. Kawa, and A. Hasegawa. "Host Tissue Responses to Pathogenic and Non-Pathogenic Fungi, Including Aspergilli." In Aspergillus and Aspergillosis, 121–28. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3505-2_11.

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Kurtzman, Clete P. "Classification of Fungi through Nucleic Acid Relatedness." In Advances in Penicillium and Aspergillus Systematics, 233–54. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1856-0_21.

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Timberlake, William E. "Molecular Controls of Conidiogenesis in Aspergillus Nidulans." In Dimorphic Fungi in Biology and Medicine, 13–22. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2834-0_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fungi Aspergillus"

1

Atakishiyeva, Ya Yu. "Fungi of Aspergillus genus in oil contaminated soils of Azerbaijan." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.028.

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Billones, Robert Kerwin C., Edwin J. Calilung, Elmer P. Dadios, and Nelson Santiago. "Aspergillus Species Fungi Identification Using Microscopic Scale Images." In 2020 IEEE 12th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hnicem51456.2020.9400039.

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Grajdieru, Cristina. "Molecular identification of Aflatoxin-producing aspergillus strains in maize seed-material." In International Scientific Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/9789975347204.66.

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Toxigenic fungi are part of soil microbiota and natural inhabitants of agrocenosises and crops. Aflatoxins produced by several Aspergillus species are hazardous biological compounds known as potent carcinogens. Using PCR-based assays, a successful identification of toxigenic A. flavus and A. parasiticus strain was performed. Fungal genome sequences associated with aflatoxin production as target sequences were proved to be effective for identification of toxigenic Aspergillus species.

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Mashukova, Olga, Olga Mashukova, Yuriy Tokarev, Yuriy Tokarev, Nadejda Kopytina, and Nadejda Kopytina. "LUMINESCENCE OF THE BLACK SEA MICROSCOPIC FUNGI CULTURES." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b431676d384.

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We studied for the first time luminescence characteristics of the some micromycetes, isolated from the bottom sediments of the Black sea from the 27 m depth. Luminescence parameters were registered at laboratory complex “Svet” using mechanical and chemical stimulations. Fungi cultures of genera Acremonium, Aspergillus, Penicillium were isolated on ChDA medium which served as control. Culture of Penicillium commune gave no light emission with any kind of stimulation. Culture of Acremonium sp. has shown luminescence in the blue – green field of spectrum. Using chemical stimulation by fresh water we registered signals with luminescence energy (to 3.24 ± 0.11)•108 quantum•cm2 and duration up to 4.42 s, which 3 times exceeded analogous magnitudes in a group, stimulated by sea water (p < 0.05). Under chemical stimulation by ethyl alcohol fungi culture luminescence was not observed. Culture of Aspergillus fumigatus possessed the most expressed properties of luminescence. Stimulation by fresh water culture emission with energy of (3.35 ± 0.11)•108 quantum•cm2 and duration up to 4.96 s. Action of ethyl alcohol to culture also stimulated signals, but intensity of light emission was 3–4 times lower than under mechanical stimulation. For sure the given studies will permit not only to evaluate contribution of marine fungi into general bioluminescence of the sea, but as well to determine places of accumulation of opportunistic species in the sea.

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Mashukova, Olga, Olga Mashukova, Yuriy Tokarev, Yuriy Tokarev, Nadejda Kopytina, and Nadejda Kopytina. "LUMINESCENCE OF THE BLACK SEA MICROSCOPIC FUNGI CULTURES." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b946ac0fc74.55415483.

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Abstract:

We studied for the first time luminescence characteristics of the some micromycetes, isolated from the bottom sediments of the Black sea from the 27 m depth. Luminescence parameters were registered at laboratory complex “Svet” using mechanical and chemical stimulations. Fungi cultures of genera Acremonium, Aspergillus, Penicillium were isolated on ChDA medium which served as control. Culture of Penicillium commune gave no light emission with any kind of stimulation. Culture of Acremonium sp. has shown luminescence in the blue – green field of spectrum. Using chemical stimulation by fresh water we registered signals with luminescence energy (to 3.24 ± 0.11)•108 quantum•cm2 and duration up to 4.42 s, which 3 times exceeded analogous magnitudes in a group, stimulated by sea water (p < 0.05). Under chemical stimulation by ethyl alcohol fungi culture luminescence was not observed. Culture of Aspergillus fumigatus possessed the most expressed properties of luminescence. Stimulation by fresh water culture emission with energy of (3.35 ± 0.11)•108 quantum•cm2 and duration up to 4.96 s. Action of ethyl alcohol to culture also stimulated signals, but intensity of light emission was 3–4 times lower than under mechanical stimulation. For sure the given studies will permit not only to evaluate contribution of marine fungi into general bioluminescence of the sea, but as well to determine places of accumulation of opportunistic species in the sea.

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Aldosari, M., and Oksana Ksenofontova. "Characteristics of epiphytic microorganisms of wheat plants antagonists of phytopathogenic fungi." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.016.

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Epiphytic microbiological complex of the surface of spring wheat plants of the Saratov 70 variety was studied. Among of the selected epiphyte cultures, strains of fungicide producers were screened for the genera Alternaria, Aspergillus and Fusarium.

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Dewi, Rizna Triana, Irni Fitria, Minarti Minarti, Andini Sundowo, Lailiyatin Nuriyah, Sofa Fajriah, Puspa Dewi N. Lotulung, and Akhmad Darmawan. "Screening of potential filamentous fungi Aspergillus sp for biotransformation of quercetin." In SolarPACES 2017: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5064303.

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TERRA, MICHELLE, NATHASHA DE ASEVEDO LIRA, WILDER SANTIAGO, MARIA DAS GRAÇAS CARDOSO, GIULIANO ELIAS PEREIRA, GUILHERME PRADO, and LUÍS ROBERTO BATISTA. "Incidence of Fungi Aspergillus Section Nigri in Different Varieties of Grapes." In XII Latin American Congress on Food Microbiology and Hygiene. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/foodsci-microal-080.

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Billones, Robert Kerwin C., Edwin J. Calilung, Elmer P. Dadios, and Nelson Santiago. "Image-Based Macroscopic Classification of Aspergillus Fungi Species Using Convolutional Neural Networks." In 2020 IEEE 12th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hnicem51456.2020.9400079.

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Elkhawas, YA, NM Mostafa, AM Elissawy, MS Alnaggar, EM Kamal, MM Bishr, ANB Singab, and OM Salama. "LC/MS of the soft coral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi and its isolated associated endophytic fungi: Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus flavus." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399901.

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