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Journal articles on the topic 'Fungi-plant root symbiosis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

He, Wan-Xia, Qiang-Sheng Wu, Abeer Hashem, et al. "Effects of Symbiotic Fungi on Sugars and Soil Fertility and Structure-Mediated Changes in Plant Growth of Vicia villosa." Agriculture 12, no. 10 (2022): 1523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12101523.

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Many terrestrial plants form reciprocal symbioses with beneficial fungi in roots; however, it is not clear whether Vicia villosa, an important forage and green manure crop, can co-exist with these fungi and how such symbiosis affects plant growth and soil properties. The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of inoculation with three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) such as Diversisporaspurca, Funneliformismosseae, and Rhizophagusintraradices and an endophytic fungus Serendipitaindica on plant growth, root morphology, chlorophyll and sugar levels, soil nutrients, and aggregate size dis

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2

Piliarová, Michaela, Katarína Ondreičková, Martina Hudcovicová, Daniel Mihálik, and Ján Kraic. "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi – Their Life and Function in Ecosystem." Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) 65, no. 1 (2019): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/agri-2019-0001.

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Abstract Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi living in the soil closely collaborate with plants in their root zone and play very important role in their evolution. Their symbiosis stimulates plant growth and resistance to different environmental stresses. Plant root system, extended by mycelium of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, has better capability to reach the water and dissolved nutrients from a much larger volume of soil. This could solve the problem of imminent depletion of phosphate stock, affect plant fertilisation, and contribute to sustainable production of foods, feeds, biofuel, and raw mate

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3

Rui, Wenjing, Zhipeng Mao, and Zhifang Li. "The Roles of Phosphorus and Nitrogen Nutrient Transporters in the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 19 (2022): 11027. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911027.

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More than 80% of land plant species can form symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, and nutrient transfer to plants is largely mediated through this partnership. Over the last few years, great progress has been made in deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying the AM-mediated modulation of nutrient uptake progress, and a growing number of fungal and plant genes responsible for the uptake of nutrients from soil or transfer across the fungal–root interface have been identified. In this review, we outline the current concepts of nutrient exchanges within this symbiosis (mechanism

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4

Liao, Dehua, Shuangshuang Wang, Miaomiao Cui, Jinhui Liu, Aiqun Chen, and Guohua Xu. "Phytohormones Regulate the Development of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 10 (2018): 3146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19103146.

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Most terrestrial plants are able to form a root symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi for enhancing the assimilation of mineral nutrients. AM fungi are obligate symbionts that depend on host plants as their sole carbon source. Development of an AM association requires a continuous signal exchange between the two symbionts, which triggers coordinated differentiation of both partners, to enable their interaction within the root cells. The control of the AM symbiosis involves a finely-tuned process, and an increasing number of studies have pointed to a pivotal role of several phytohorm

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5

Xie, Kailing, Ying Ni, Lijie Bai, et al. "Functional Characterization of Ammonium Transporter LjAMT2;4 During Lotus japonicus Symbiosis with Rhizobia and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi." Journal of Fungi 11, no. 5 (2025): 340. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11050340.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and rhizobia are important symbiotic microorganisms in soil, which can symbiose with legumes to form mycorrhizal symbionts and nodules, respectively. Once a stable symbiotic relationship is established, these microorganisms have been found to enhance nitrogen absorption by legumes. Although plants can directly utilize ammonium through ammonium transporters (AMTs), there is limited research on the role of the AMT gene family in promoting ammonium transport in symbiotic relationships. Lotus japonicus, a common host of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobia,

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Bazghaleh, Navid, Chantal Hamel, Yantai Gan, Bunyamin Tar’an, and Joan Diane Knight. "Genotypic variation in the response of chickpea to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and non-mycorrhizal fungal endophytes." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 64, no. 4 (2018): 265–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2017-0521.

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Plant roots host symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and other fungal endophytes that can impact plant growth and health. The impact of microbial interactions in roots may depend on the genetic properties of the host plant and its interactions with root-associated fungi. We conducted a controlled condition experiment to investigate the effect of several chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes on the efficiency of the symbiosis with AM fungi and non-AM fungal endophytes. Whereas the AM symbiosis increased the biomass of most of the chickpea cultivars, inoculation with non-AM fungal endo

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7

Yurkov, Andrey P., Roman K. Puzanskiy, Alexey A. Kryukov, et al. "The Role of Medicago lupulina Interaction with Rhizophagus irregularis in the Determination of Root Metabolome at Early Stages of AM Symbiosis." Plants 11, no. 18 (2022): 2338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11182338.

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The nature of plant–fungi interaction at early stages of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) development is still a puzzling problem. To investigate the processes behind this interaction, we used the Medicago lupulina MlS-1 line that forms high-efficient AM symbiosis with Rhizophagus irregularis. AM fungus actively colonizes the root system of the host plant and contributes to the formation of effective AM as characterized by a high mycorrhizal growth response (MGR) in the host plant. The present study is aimed at distinguishing the alterations in the M. lupulina root metabolic profile as an indicative

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8

Choi, Jeongmin, William Summers, and Uta Paszkowski. "Mechanisms Underlying Establishment of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbioses." Annual Review of Phytopathology 56, no. 1 (2018): 135–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-080516-035521.

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Most land plants engage in mutually beneficial interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, the fungus providing phosphate and nitrogen in exchange for fixed carbon. During presymbiosis, both organisms communicate via oligosaccharides and butenolides. The requirement for a rice chitin receptor in symbiosis-induced lateral root development suggests that cell division programs operate in inner root tissues during both AM and nodule symbioses. Furthermore, the identification of transcription factors underpinning arbuscule development and degeneration reemphasized the plant's regulatory do

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9

Utami, Desty Sasana Putri, Irdika Mansur, Iwan Hilwan, and Baiq Azizah Haryantini. "Keanekaragaman Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula pada Tegakan Kelicung (Diospyros macrophylla Blume) di KHDTK Rarung, Lombok Tengah." Journal of Tropical Silviculture 14, no. 03 (2023): 216–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/j-siltrop.14.03.216-222.

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Kelicung tree (Diospyros macrophylla) is a native tree species of West Nusa Tenggara. It is a slow-growing tree with very good wood ornament, strength, and durability properties. Symbiotic mutualism between kelicung and mycorrhiza has not been documented. Mycrorrhiza is a mutualism symbiosis between fungi and plant roots that could improve plant growth due to increase nutrient and water absorbtion. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate mycorrhizal symbiosis in kelicung roots. Soil and root samples were taken in the Rarung Special Purpose Forest Area at 0 – 20 cm depth. Isola

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Fortin, J. André, Guillaume Bécard, Stéphane Declerck, et al. "Arbuscular mycorrhiza on root-organ cultures." Canadian Journal of Botany 80, no. 1 (2002): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b01-139.

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The study of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and the AM symbiosis formed with host plant roots is complicated by the biotrophic and hypogeous nature of the mycobionts involved. To overcome this, several attempts have been made during the last three decades to obtain this symbiosis in vitro. The use of root-organ cultures has proved particularly successful. In this review, we describe the method by which root-organ cultures (transformed and nontransformed) have been obtained, together with the choice of host species, inoculation techniques, and culture media. We also outline the potential use

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11

Wilkes, Thomas I., Douglas J. Warner, Veronica Edmonds-Brown, and Keith G. Davies. "Species-Specific Interactions of Bacillus Innocula and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Symbiosis with Winter Wheat." Microorganisms 8, no. 11 (2020): 1795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111795.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi establish close interactions with host plants, an estimated 80% of vascular plant species. The host plant receives additional soil bound nutrients that would otherwise not be available. Other components of the microbiome, such as rhizobacteria, may influence interactions between AM fungi and the host plant. Within a commercial arable crop selected rhizobacteria in combination with AM fungi may benefit crop yields. The precise nature of interactions between rhizobacteria and AM fungi in a symbiotic relationship overall requires greater understanding. The presen

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12

Hao, Zhipeng, Wei Xie, and Baodong Chen. "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis Affects Plant Immunity to Viral Infection and Accumulation." Viruses 11, no. 6 (2019): 534. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11060534.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, as root symbionts of most terrestrial plants, improve plant growth and fitness. In addition to the improved plant nutritional status, the physiological changes that trigger metabolic changes in the root via AM fungi can also increase the host ability to overcome biotic and abiotic stresses. Plant viruses are one of the important limiting factors for the commercial cultivation of various crops. The effect of AM fungi on viral infection is variable, and considerable attention is focused on shoot virus infection. This review provides an overview of the potential

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13

Buee, M., M. Rossignol, A. Jauneau, R. Ranjeva, and G. Bécard. "The Pre-Symbiotic Growth of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Is Induced by a Branching Factor Partially Purified from Plant Root Exudates." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 13, no. 6 (2000): 693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2000.13.6.693.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is an association between obligate biotrophic fungi and more than 80% of land plants. During the pre-symbiotic phase, the host plant releases critical metabolites necessary to trigger fungal growth and root colonization. We describe the isolation of a semipurified fraction from exudates of carrot hairy roots, highly active on germinating spores of Gigaspora gigantea, G. rosea, and G. margarita. This fraction, isolated on the basis of its activity on hyphal branching, contains a root factor (one or several molecules) that stimulates, directly or indirectly,

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14

Rajapitamahuni, Soundarya, Bo Ram Kang, and Tae Kwon Lee. "Exploring the Roles of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Plant–Iron Homeostasis." Agriculture 13, no. 10 (2023): 1918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13101918.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form a vital symbiotic relationship with plants. Through their extensive hyphal networks, AMF extend the absorptive capacity of plant roots, thereby allowing plants to reach otherwise inaccessible micronutrient sources. Iron, a critical micronutrient involved in photosynthesis and other metabolic processes, often becomes inaccessible owing to its tendency to form insoluble complexes in soil. AMF symbiosis significantly ameliorates this challenge by enhancing iron uptake and homeostasis in plants, altering root architecture, and producing root exudates that im

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15

Liu, Jinyuan, Laura A. Blaylock, and Maria J. Harrison. "cDNA arrays as a tool to identify mycorrhiza-regulated genes: identification of mycorrhiza-induced genes that encode or generate signaling molecules implicated in the control of root growth." Canadian Journal of Botany 82, no. 8 (2004): 1177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b04-048.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) are symbiotic associations formed by fungi from the Glomeromycota and most angiosperms. Despite the widespread occurrence of the association, its ecological significance, and its potential importance in agriculture, relatively little is known at the molecular level about the development, functioning, and regulation of the symbiosis. We have selected Medicago truncatula Gaertn. 'Jemalong' and an AM fungus, Glomus versiforme (Karsten) Berch, for molecular genetic analyses of the AM symbiosis. Here we used macroarrays as a screening tool to enable the rapid identificat

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16

Wilkes, Thomas I. "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Agriculture." Encyclopedia 1, no. 4 (2021): 1132–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia1040085.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are biotrophic symbionts forming close relationships with an estimated 80% of terrestrial plants suitable as their host. Via an established AM fungal–host relationship, soil-bound nutrients are made available to the host plant through root cortical arbuscules as the site of exchange. At these sites, photosynthetic carbohydrates are provided to the AM fungus—carbohydrates that cannot be produced by the fungus. AM fungal–host symbiosis is very sensitive to soil disturbance, for example, agricultural tillage practices can damage and reduce AM fungal abilities to

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17

Zotti, Maurizio, Giuliano Bonanomi, Luigi Saulino, et al. "Quercus ilex Ectomycorrhizal Symbiosis with Pisolithus arrhizus Shifts Leaf Litter-Induced Plant-Soil Feedback from Negative to Positive." Microorganisms 11, no. 6 (2023): 1394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11061394.

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Ectomycorrhizas (ECM) are a common symbiotic association between fungi and various plant species in forest ecosystems, affecting community assemblages at the landscape level. ECMs benefit host plants by increasing the surface area for nutrient uptake, defending against pathogens, and decomposing organic matter in the soil. ECM-symbiotic seedlings are also known to perform better in conspecific soils than other species unable to carry the symbiosis, in a process referred to as plant-soil feedback (PSF). In this study, we tested the effects of different leaf litter amendments on ECM and non-ECM

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18

Vald�s-L�pez, Oswaldo, Dhileepkumar Jayaraman, Junko Maeda, et al. "A Novel Positive Regulator of the Early Stages of Root Nodule Symbiosis Identified by Phosphoproteomics." Plant and Cell Physiology 60, no. 3 (2018): 575–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcy228.

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Abstract Signals and signaling pathways underlying the symbiosis between legumes and rhizobia have been studied extensively over the past decades. In a previous phosphoproteomic study on the Medicago truncatula–Sinorhizobium meliloti symbiosis, we identified plant proteins that are differentially phosphorylated upon the perception of rhizobial signals, called Nod factors. In this study, we provide experimental evidence that one of these proteins, Early Phosphorylated Protein 1 (EPP1), is required for the initiation of this symbiosis. Upon inoculation with rhizobia, MtEPP1 expression was induce

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Bazin, Jérémie, Pilar Bustos-Sanmamed, Caroline Hartmann, Christine Lelandais-Brière, and Martin Crespi. "Complexity of miRNA-dependent regulation in root symbiosis." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367, no. 1595 (2012): 1570–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0228.

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The development of root systems may be strongly affected by the symbiotic interactions that plants establish with soil organisms. Legumes are able to develop symbiotic relationships with both rhizobial bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi leading to the formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules and mycorrhizal arbuscules, respectively. Both of these symbiotic interactions involve complex cellular reprogramming and profound morphological and physiological changes in specific root cells. In addition, the repression of pathogenic defence responses seems to be required for successful symbiotic int

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20

Valmas, Marios I., Moritz Sexauer, Katharina Markmann, and Daniela Tsikou. "Plants Recruit Peptides and Micro RNAs to Regulate Nutrient Acquisition from Soil and Symbiosis." Plants 12, no. 1 (2023): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12010187.

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Plants engage in symbiotic relationships with soil microorganisms to overcome nutrient limitations in their environment. Among the best studied endosymbiotic interactions in plants are those with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and N-fixing bacteria called rhizobia. The mechanisms regulating plant nutrient homeostasis and acquisition involve small mobile molecules such as peptides and micro RNAs (miRNAs). A large number of CLE (CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED) and CEP (C-TERMINALLY ENCODED PEPTIDE) peptide hormones as well as certain miRNAs have been reported to differentially res

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Shtark, Oksana, Roman Puzanskiy, Galina Avdeeva, et al. "Metabolic Alterations in Pisum sativum Roots during Plant Growth and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Development." Plants 10, no. 6 (2021): 1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10061033.

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Intensive exchange of nutrients is a crucial part of the complex interaction between a host plant and fungi within arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis. For the first time, the present study demonstrates how inoculation with AMF Rhizophagus irregularis affects the pea (Pisum sativum L.) root metabolism at key stages of plant development. These correspond to days 21 (vegetation), 42 (flowering initiation), and 56 (fruiting-green pod). Metabolome profiling was carried out by means of a state-of-the-art GC-MS technique. The content shifts revealed include lipophilic compounds, sugars, carboxylat

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Smits, M. M., S. Bonneville, S. Haward, and J. R. Leake. "Ectomycorrhizal weathering, a matter of scale?" Mineralogical Magazine 72, no. 1 (2008): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2008.072.1.131.

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AbstractBoreal forest trees influence mineral weathering rates via exudation and uptake processes. Most trees in the boreal forest live in symbiosis with ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi that sheath most of the root tips and form the main interface between the tree and the soil. Current weathering models do not take into account the nature and scale of fungal-mineral interactions. Here we show for the first time grain-scale effects of EcM fungi in symbiosis with a host plant on mineral weathering under sterile conditions. EcM fungi actively direct their growth and energy flow towards mineral grains

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23

Mitra, Debasis, Ankita Priyadarshini, Ansuman Senapati, et al. "Ecological importance of strigolactones hormone on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis in plant." Indian Journal of Microbiology Research 9, no. 3 (2022): 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmr.2022.029.

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Strigolactones (SLs) are versatile compounds that have recently been identified as a special generation of plant hormones. They play a significant role as modulators of coordinated plant development in response to nutrient deficiency and defence, particularly by influencing plant root microbiome and mycorrhization. SLs act as signals molecules that help host communicate with their environment belowground, in addition to regulating root architecture and growth promotion. Alternatively, boosting the SLs hormone level or applying external SLs, SL synthetic analogs e.g. GR24, and SL mimics to plan

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Balestrini, Raffaella, Cecilia Brunetti, Walter Chitarra, and Luca Nerva. "Photosynthetic Traits and Nitrogen Uptake in Crops: Which Is the Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi?" Plants 9, no. 9 (2020): 1105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9091105.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are root symbionts that provide mineral nutrients to the host plant in exchange for carbon compounds. AM fungi positively affect several aspects of plant life, improving nutrition and leading to a better growth, stress tolerance, and disease resistance and they interact with most crop plants such as cereals, horticultural species, and fruit trees. For this reason, they receive expanding attention for the potential use in sustainable and climate-smart agriculture context. Although several positive effects have been reported on photosynthetic traits in host plan

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Palta, Şahin, Halil Barış Özel, Tancredo Augusto Feitosa de Souza, and Eren Baş. "Effects of Thinning Practices on Soil Properties and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Natural Pure Oriental Beech Forests." Forests 15, no. 9 (2024): 1643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15091643.

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Thinning intensities in Fagus orientalis Lipsky. stands may influence the soil properties, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi symbiosis, and their interaction through soil quality enhancement. We aimed to investigate the impact of four thinning intensities—control (no thinning); moderate (15%), moderately intense (35%), and intense thinning (55%)—implemented five years ago in pure oriental beech forests. In this context, the percentage indicates the proportion of trees removed by each thinning intensity, based on the total number of trees before thinning. Our focus encompassed soil physical–che

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Chialva, Matteo, Jonatan U. Fangel, Mara Novero, et al. "Understanding Changes in Tomato Cell Walls in Roots and Fruits: The Contribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Colonization." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 2 (2019): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20020415.

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Modifications in cell wall composition, which can be accompanied by changes in its structure, were already reported during plant interactions with other organisms, such as the mycorrhizal fungi. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are among the most widespread soil organisms that colonize the roots of land plants, where they facilitate mineral nutrient uptake from the soil in exchange for plant-assimilated carbon. In AM symbiosis, the host plasma membrane invaginates and proliferates around all the developing intracellular fungal structures, and cell wall material is laid down between this membr

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Lelandais-Brière, Christine, Jérémy Moreau, Caroline Hartmann, and Martin Crespi. "Noncoding RNAs, Emerging Regulators in Root Endosymbioses." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 29, no. 3 (2016): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-10-15-0240-fi.

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Endosymbiosis interactions allow plants to grow in nutrient-deficient soil environments. The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is an ancestral interaction between land plants and fungi, whereas nitrogen-fixing symbioses are highly specific for certain plants, notably major crop legumes. The signaling pathways triggered by specific lipochitooligosaccharide molecules involved in these interactions have common components that also overlap with plant root development. These pathways include receptor-like kinases, transcription factors (TFs), and various intermediate signaling effectors, includ

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Felföldi, Zoltán, Roxana Vidican, Vlad Stoian, et al. "Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Fertilization Influence Yield, Growth and Root Colonization of Different Tomato Genotype." Plants 11, no. 13 (2022): 1743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11131743.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are beneficial for plant development and help absorb water and minerals from the soil. The symbiosis between these fungi and plant roots is extremely important and could limit crop dependence on fertilizers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of AMF on tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.), based on important agronomic traits of vegetative biomass, production, and fruits. The experiment was conducted in high tunnels, using 12 tomato genotypes under three different treatments: T1, control, without fertilizer and mycorrhizae colonization; T2, fert

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Ellouze, Walid, Chantal Hamel, R. M. DePauw, R. E. Knox, Richard D. Cuthbert, and Asheesh K. Singh. "Potential to breed for mycorrhizal association in durum wheat." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 62, no. 3 (2016): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2014-0598.

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The selection of genotypes under high soil fertility may alter the effectiveness of mycorrhizal symbioses naturally forming between crop plants and the mycorrhizal fungi residing in cultivated fields. We tested the hypothesis that the mycorrhizal symbiosis of 5 landraces functions better than the mycorrhizal symbiosis of 27 cultivars of durum wheat that were bred after the development of the fertilizer industry. We examined the development of mycorrhiza and the response of these genotypes to mycorrhiza formation after 4 weeks of growth under high and low soil fertility levels in the greenhouse

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Fiorilli, V., A. Martínez-Medina, Maria J. Pozo, and L. Lanfranco. "Plant Immunity Modulation in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis and Its Impact on Pathogens and Pests." Annual Review of Phytopathology 62, no. 1 (2024): 127–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-121423-042014.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is the oldest and most widespread mutualistic association on Earth and involves plants and soil fungi belonging to Glomeromycotina. A complex molecular, cellular, and genetic developmental program enables partner recognition, fungal accommodation in plant tissues, and activation of symbiotic functions such as transfer of phosphorus in exchange for carbohydrates and lipids. AM fungi, as ancient obligate biotrophs, have evolved strategies to circumvent plant defense responses to guarantee an intimate and long-lasting mutualism. They are among those root-asso

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Soares, Ana Cristina Fermino, Marco Antônio Martins, Lêda Mathias, and Marta Simone Mendonça Freitas. "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the occurrence of flavonoids in roots of passion fruit seedlings." Scientia Agricola 62, no. 4 (2005): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162005000400005.

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Composition and the role of root flavonoids in the regulation of mycorrhizal symbiosis are still poorly understood. Several flavonoids stimulate spore germination, mycelia growth and root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and both root colonization and flavonoid composition are affected by plant nutritional status. Effects of AMF on the occurrence and content of aromatic secondary metabolites in the roots of passion fruit seedlings grown under two levels of phosphorus (P) fertilization (10 and 50 mg kg-1 of phosphorus) was studied. Seedlings were inoculated with Glomus clarum

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Taurinanda, Adventio Purnamadya, and Dina Rotua Valentina Banjarnahor. "Mycorrhiza Diversity in Some Intercropping Systems of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L) and Faba Bean (Vicia faba L)." Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) 12, no. 2 (2023): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jtep-l.v12i2.495-508.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is the most widely distributed mycorrhizal fungi in the soil and can make a symbiosis with the roots of host plants to form arbuscular mycorrhizal symbionts. Intercropping is a practice of polyculture cropping where two or more plant species are simultaneously cultivated in the same field. The objective of this study was to define the effect of intercropping on the density and diversity of mycorrhizal spores. In this study, potatoes and faba beans, both of which have the ability to symbiosis with mycorrhizae, were intercropped. A randomized group design with

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Li, Xiaoli, Zhaolei Qu, Yuemei Zhang, Yan Ge, and Hui Sun. "Soil Fungal Community and Potential Function in Different Forest Ecosystems." Diversity 14, no. 7 (2022): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14070520.

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Forests acting as carbon storage and sequestration play an essential role in the global nutrient cycle, in which fungi are active participants. The forests cover almost all regions from the boreal, temperate to the subtropical and tropical forests. The relative proportion of carbon sequestrated in forest soil varies from approximately 85% of the terrestrial carbon pool in boreal forests to 60% in temperate forests and to 50% in tropical rainforests. Fungi as decomposers of organic matter and root-associated mediators of belowground carbon transport and respiration are the key drivers of the ca

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López-Ráez, Juan A., María J. Pozo, and José M. García-Garrido. "Strigolactones: a cry for help in the rhizosphere." Botany 89, no. 8 (2011): 513–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b11-046.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is a beneficial symbiosis established between fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota and over 80% of terrestrial plants, including most agricultural and horticultural crop species. AM symbiosis improves the nutritional status and fitness of the host plant and enables the plant to perform better under stressful conditions. As a result, when plants are growing under unfavourable conditions, they try to recruit their AM fungal partner in the soil. Symbiosis establishment requires a complex chemical dialogue between the two partners, in which signalling molecules s

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Hetrick, B. A. D., G. W. T. Wilson, and T. S. Cox. "Mycorrhizal dependence of modern wheat varieties, landraces, and ancestors." Canadian Journal of Botany 70, no. 10 (1992): 2032–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b92-253.

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Using mycorrhizal fungi known to colonize wheat, the mycorrhizal dependence of various small grains including modem wheat varieties, primitive wheat lines, and wheat ancestors was studied. With the exception of the United States cultivar Newton and the German cultivars Apollo, Kanzler, and Sperber, dry weight of eight other modern wheats from the United States and Great Britain were increased by 29–100% following inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi. All landraces from Asian collections or early introduced American cultivars were also dependent on the symbiosis, with dry weight increases averagi

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Gong, Minggui, Qiaoming Zhang, Kang Cheng, and Haoqiang Zhang. "Symbiosis of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Lycium barbarum L. Prefers NO3− over NH4+." Horticulturae 9, no. 6 (2023): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9060637.

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Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient that plants require and is, most of the time, limited in different terrestrial ecosystems. Forming symbioses with plants, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi improve mineral element uptake and the net primary production of plants. Recent reports have suggested that AM fungi mediate N uptake in plants. However, there are fewer studies on the influence of AM fungi on the response of Lycium barbarum, a medicinal plant in northwest China, under different N-addition conditions. In this study, the effect of Rhizophagus irregularis, N forms (NO3− and NH4+), and N l

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Powell, Jeff R., Jeri L. Parrent, Miranda M. Hart, John N. Klironomos, Matthias C. Rillig, and Hafiz Maherali. "Phylogenetic trait conservatism and the evolution of functional trade-offs in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276, no. 1676 (2009): 4237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.1015.

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The diversity of functional and life-history traits of organisms depends on adaptation as well as the legacy of shared ancestry. Although the evolution of traits in macro-organisms is well studied, relatively little is known about character evolution in micro-organisms. Here, we surveyed an ancient and ecologically important group of microbial plant symbionts, the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, and tested hypotheses about the evolution of functional and life-history traits. Variation in the extent of root and soil colonization by AM fungi is constrained to a few nodes basal to the most div

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Truong, P. T. H., T. M. T. Nguyen, T. N. Tran, H. P. Le, V. Q. Vu, and U. T. D. Dao. "Evaluation of the symbiosis ability, growth, and development support of four genera of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on Maize (Zea mays L.) and Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1465, no. 1 (2025): 012010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1465/1/012010.

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Abstract The study aimed to assess the symbiosis between maize (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) with four AMF (Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi) genera: Glomus, Acaulospora, Gigaspora, and Scutellospora. Based on their morphological characteristics, these genera were identified after being isolated from 40 rhizosphere soil samples collected in a vegetable-growing region of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The trial results demonstrated that growth parameters, including root number, root length, root biomass, and plant height of maize and sorghum plants, all increased significantly i

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Wilkes, Thomas I., Douglas J. Warner, Keith G. Davies, and Veronica Edmonds-Brown. "Tillage, Glyphosate and Beneficial Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Optimising Crop Management for Plant–Fungal Symbiosis." Agriculture 10, no. 11 (2020): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10110520.

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Zero till cropping systems typically apply broad-spectrum herbicides such as glyphosate as an alternative weed control strategy to the physical inversion of the soil provided by cultivation. Glyphosate targets 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase in plants. There is growing evidence that this may have a detrimental impact on non-target organisms such as those present in the soil microbiome. Species of commercial importance, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi that form a symbiotic relationship with plant roots are an important example. This study investigates the impact of

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Sulfiah, Siti, Nampiah Sukarno, and Agustin Wydia Gunawan. "Pembersihan Isi Sel Akar dan Jenis Warna Tinta untuk Deteksi Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula." Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati 7, no. 1 (2021): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jsdh.7.1.36-40.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form mutualistic symbiosis with root of host plant. Staining technique to detect AM fungi usually used hazardous chemical. The ink stain and vinegar were used as an alternative technique to replace trypan blue and lactic acid in root staining method. This study aimed to determine time for clearing root cell contents and ink stain type to visualize the best AM fungal structures within the root observed under light microscope. Pueraria phaseoloides var. javanica roots colonized by AM fungi were cut into 1 cm long, cleared in KOH solution and stained. Four cleari

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Turchetto, Ricardo, Gabriel Baraldi Volpi, Rodrigo Ferreira da Silva, et al. "Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in wheat grown in copper contaminated soil." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 43, no. 4 (2022): 1579–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n4p1579.

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At high soil concentrations, copper (Cu) is toxic to plant development. Symbiosis carried out between microorganisms and plant species are alternatives to minimize plant toxicity in copper contaminated soil. The present study aimed to select species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for the development of wheat plants in copper contaminated soil. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 4 × 6 factorial arrangement, with four sources of inocula: three species of arbuscular mycorrhizae (Acaulospora colombiana, Gigaspora Margarita and Rhizophagus clarus) and one without inoculum (cont

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Vivas, A., R. Azcón, B. Biró, J. M. Barea, and J. M. Ruiz-Lozano. "Influence of bacterial strains isolated from lead-polluted soil and their interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizae on the growth of Trifolium pratense L. under lead toxicity." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 49, no. 10 (2003): 577–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w03-073.

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We isolated two bacterial strains from an experimentally lead (Pb)-polluted soil in Hungary, 10 years after soil contamination. These strains represented the two most abundant cultivable bacterial groups in such soil, and we tested their influence on Trifolium pratense L. growth and on the functioning of native mycorrhizal fungi under Pb toxicity in a second Pb-spiked soil. Our results showed that bacterial strain A enhanced plant growth, nitrogen and phosphorus accumulations, nodule formation, and mycorrhizal infection, demonstrating its plant-growth-promoting activity. In addition, strain A

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Guerrero-Galán, Carmen, Mónica Calvo-Polanco, and Sabine Dagmar Zimmermann. "Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis helps plants to challenge salt stress conditions." Mycorrhiza 29, no. 4 (2019): 291–301. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13759115.

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Soil salinity is an environmental condition that is currently increasing worldwide. Plant growth under salinity induces osmotic stress and ion toxicity impairing root water and nutrient absorption, but the association with beneficial soil microorganisms has been linked to an improved adaptation to this constraint. The ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbiosis has been proposed as a key factor for a better tolerance of woody species to salt stress, thanks to the reduction of sodium (Na<sup>+</sup>) uptake towards photosynthetic organs. Although no precise mechanisms for this enhanced plant salt tolerance

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Cao, Ming-Ao, Peng Wang, Abeer Hashem, Stephan Wirth, Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah, and Qiang-Sheng Wu. "Field Inoculation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Improves Fruit Quality and Root Physiological Activity of Citrus." Agriculture 11, no. 12 (2021): 1297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11121297.

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Soil arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form a mutualistic symbiosis with plant roots and produce many benefits on host plants under potted conditions, while field inoculation of AM fungi on citrus (a woody plant) has been rarely reported. The present study aimed to analyze the changes in mycorrhizal growth, root vitality, and fruit quality of Citrus reticulata Blanco var. Ponkan mandarin cv. Jinshuigan grafted on Poncirus trifoliata L. after inoculation with a mix of AM fungi (Diversispora versiformis, Funneliformis mosseae, and Rhizophagus intraradices) and single F. mosseae. After the second

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Takács, Tünde, I. Biró, A. Anton, and He Chaoxing. "Inter- and Intraspecific Variability in Infectivity and Effectiveness of Five Glomus sp . Strains and Growth Response of Tomato Host." Agrokémia és Talajtan 55, no. 1 (2006): 251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/agrokem.55.2006.1.27.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are obligatory biotrophic symbionts living in the roots of most terrestrial plants. AM fungi (AMF) have a positive effect on plant growth and plant nutrition, especially under stress conditions. The aim of the present study was to observe the relationship between the mycorrhizal dependency and nutrient uptake of host plants and the rate of AMF colonization in a pot experiment. The degree of host growth responses to AMF colonization is expressed as mycorrhizal dependency (MD). The pot trial was set up with a sterilized calcareous chernozem soil from Nagyhörcsök

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Yurkov, Andrey P., Alexey A. Kryukov, Anastasia O. Gorbunova, et al. "Molecular genetic mechanisms of sugar transport in plants in the absence and during arbuscular mycoryza development." Ecological genetics 17, no. 1 (2019): 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ecogen17181-99.

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The review is aimed to analyze molecular mechanisms of carbohydrate transport during the formation of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), a widespread symbiosis of plants with Glomeromycotina subdivision fungi. Due to AM-symbiosis, plants receive microelements, mainly phosphorus, and fungi are supplied by products of carbon assimilation. The study of sugar transport mechanisms in plants as well as between plants and symbiont is methodologically difficult because of the obligatory status of AM fungi. The mechanisms of carbohydrate transport in leaf and root cells are concerned, particular interest is p

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Yakasai, Umma Abdurrahman, and Safianu Rabiu. "THE IMPACT OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGAL INOCULANTS ON GROWTH, NUTRIENTS, AND YIELD OF VEGETABLE PLANTS: A REVIEW." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 9, no. 3 (2025): 215–23. https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2025-0903-3353.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), belonging to the phylum Glomeromycota, establish symbiotic associations with plant roots, enhancing nutrient uptake through extensive hyphal networks. These networks facilitate the acquisition of essential nutrients, particularly phosphorus, while the host plants supply the fungi with photosynthates. This review examines the impact of AMF inoculation on onion, tomato, cucumber, and pepper. The findings highlight the numerous benefits conferred by AMF symbiosis, which includes significant enhancements in plant growth and development. AMF inoculation has been

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Stroblová, Michaela, Ladislava Prokopová, and Jaroslav Záhora. "Effect of Vermicompost and Selected Plant Preparations on the Development of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 66, no. 1 (2018): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201866010195.

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The aim of the pot experiment was to evaluate effect of vermicompost and promoting plant preparations application (Symbivit and Plantaktiv) on the development of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in lettuce, amount of extraradical mycelium of mycorrhizal fungi in soil and plant biomass production. Symbivit contains six species of mycorrhizal fungi and Plantaktiv contains magnesium sulfate activated by oxygen promoting activity of aerobic microorganisms in the soil. The application of vermicompost and promoting plant preparations did not have a statistically significant effect on lettuce root co

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Sinclair, Grant, Christiane Charest, Yolande Dalpé, and Shahrokh Khanizadeh. "Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and a root endophyte on the biomass and root morphology of selected strawberry cultivars under salt conditions." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 93, no. 6 (2013): 997–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2012-279.

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Sinclair, G., Charest, C., Dalpé, Y. and Khanizadeh, S. 2013. Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and a root endophyte on the biomass and root morphology of selected strawberry cultivars under salt conditions. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 997–999. The influence of four arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Glomus arenarium, G. caledonium, G. irregulare, and G. mosseae) and a root endophyte species (Piriformospora indica – Sebacinales) was investigated on four “day-neutral” strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa Duch.) cultivars (Albion, Charlotte, Mara des Bois, and Seascape) for their tolerance to salt

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Miller, R. M., B. A. D. Hetrick, and G. W. T. Wilson. "Mycorrhizal fungi affect root stele tissue in grasses." Canadian Journal of Botany 75, no. 10 (1997): 1778–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b97-892.

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Although arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis was initially believed to have little or no impact on root morphology, we now recognize that subtle changes do occur and that these changes may be of considerable consequence to host growth and nutrition, as well as functional growth strategy. In examining the stele and root diameters of C3 and C4 grasses, C4 grasses were demonstrated to have a significantly larger proportion of their fibrous roots occupied by stele tissue than do C3 grasses. In fact, functional growth strategy (C3 versus C4) was observed to be a relatively good predictor of stele area

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