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Journal articles on the topic 'Fungi; Sexual development; Gene expression'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Kato, Naoki, Wilhelmina Brooks, and Ana M. Calvo. "The Expression of Sterigmatocystin and Penicillin Genes in Aspergillus nidulans Is Controlled by veA, a Gene Required for Sexual Development." Eukaryotic Cell 2, no. 6 (2003): 1178–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.2.6.1178-1186.2003.

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ABSTRACT Secondary metabolism is commonly associated with morphological development in microorganisms, including fungi. We found that veA, a gene previously shown to control the Aspergillus nidulans sexual/asexual developmental ratio in response to light, also controls secondary metabolism. Specifically, veA regulates the expression of genes implicated in the synthesis of the mycotoxin sterigmatocystin and the antibiotic penicillin. veA is necessary for the expression of the transcription factor aflR, which activates the gene cluster that leads to the production of sterigmatocystin. veA is als
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Zhang, Chenghua, Hong Huang, Wangqiu Deng, and Taihui Li. "Genome-Wide Analysis of the Zn(II)2Cys6 Zinc Cluster-Encoding Gene Family in Tolypocladium guangdongense and Its Light-Induced Expression." Genes 10, no. 3 (2019): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10030179.

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The Zn(II)2Cys6 zinc cluster gene family is a subclass of zinc-finger proteins, which are transcriptional regulators involved in a wide variety of biological processes in fungi. We performed genome-wide identification and characterization of Zn(II)2Cys6 zinc-cluster gene (C6 zinc gene) family in Tolypocladium guangdongense, Cordyceps militaris and Ophiocordyceps sinensis. Based on the structures of the C6 zinc domains, these proteins were observed to be evolutionarily conserved in ascomycete fungi. We focused on T. guangdongense, a medicinal fungus, and identified 139 C6 zinc genes which could
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3

Scherer, Mario, Huijun Wei, Ralf Liese, and Reinhard Fischer. "Aspergillus nidulans Catalase-Peroxidase Gene (cpeA) Is Transcriptionally Induced during Sexual Development through the Transcription Factor StuA." Eukaryotic Cell 1, no. 5 (2002): 725–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.1.5.725-735.2002.

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ABSTRACT Catalases, peroxidases, and catalase-peroxidases are important enzymes to cope with reactive oxygen species in pro- and eukaryotic cells. In the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans three monofunctional catalases have been described, and a fourth catalase activity was observed in native polyacrylamide gels. The latter activity is probably due to the bifunctional enzyme catalase-peroxidase, which we characterized here. The gene, named cpeA, encodes an 81-kDa polypeptide with a conserved motif for heme coordination. The enzyme comprises of two similar domains, suggesting gene duplica
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4

Klix, V., M. Nowrousian, C. Ringelberg, J. J. Loros, J. C. Dunlap, and S. Pöggeler. "Functional Characterization of MAT1-1-Specific Mating-Type Genes in the Homothallic Ascomycete Sordaria macrospora Provides New Insights into Essential and Nonessential Sexual Regulators." Eukaryotic Cell 9, no. 6 (2010): 894–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00019-10.

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ABSTRACT Mating-type genes in fungi encode regulators of mating and sexual development. Heterothallic ascomycete species require different sets of mating-type genes to control nonself-recognition and mating of compatible partners of different mating types. Homothallic (self-fertile) species also carry mating-type genes in their genome that are essential for sexual development. To analyze the molecular basis of homothallism and the role of mating-type genes during fruiting-body development, we deleted each of the three genes, SmtA-1 (MAT1-1-1), SmtA-2 (MAT1-1-2), and SmtA-3 (MAT1-1-3), containe
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5

Wellham, Peter A. D., Abdul Hafeez, Andrej Gregori, et al. "Culture Degeneration Reduces Sex-Related Gene Expression, Alters Metabolite Production and Reduces Insect Pathogenic Response in Cordyceps militaris." Microorganisms 9, no. 8 (2021): 1559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081559.

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Cordyceps militaris is an entomopathogenic ascomycete, known primarily for infecting lepidopteran larval (caterpillars) and pupal hosts. Cordycepin, a secondary metabolite produced by this fungus has anti-inflammatory properties and other pharmacological activities. However, little is known about the biological role of this adenosine derivate and its stabilising compound pentostatin in the context of insect infection the life cycle of C. militaris. During repeated subcultivation under laboratory conditions a degeneration of C. militaris marked by decreasing levels of cordycepin production can
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6

Murry, Reyna, Lea Traxler, Jessica Pötschner, et al. "Inositol Signaling in the Basidiomycete Fungus Schizophyllum commune." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 6 (2021): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7060470.

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Intracellular signaling is conserved in eukaryotes to allow for response to extracellular signals and to regulate development and cellular functions. In fungi, inositol phosphate signaling has been shown to be involved in growth, sexual reproduction, and metabolic adaptation. However, reports on mushroom-forming fungi are lacking so far. In Schizophyllum commune, an inositol monophosphatase has been found up-regulated during sexual development. The enzyme is crucial for inositol cycling, where it catalyzes the last step of inositol phosphate metabolism, restoring the inositol pool from the mon
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7

Hallen, Heather E., and Frances Trail. "The L-Type Calcium Ion Channel Cch1 Affects Ascospore Discharge and Mycelial Growth in the Filamentous Fungus Gibberella zeae (Anamorph Fusarium graminearum)." Eukaryotic Cell 7, no. 2 (2007): 415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00248-07.

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ABSTRACT Cch1, a putative voltage-gated calcium ion channel, was investigated for its role in ascus development in Gibberella zeae. Gene replacement mutants of CCH1 were generated and found to have asci which did not forcibly discharge spores, although morphologically ascus and ascospore development in the majority of asci appeared normal. Additionally, mycelial growth was significantly slower, and sexual development was slightly delayed in the mutant; mutant mycelia showed a distinctive fluffy morphology, and no cirrhi were produced. Wheat infected with Δcch1 mutants developed symptoms compar
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8

Schubert, Daniela, Marjatta Raudaskoski, Nicole Knabe, and Erika Kothe. "Ras GTPase-Activating Protein Gap1 of the Homobasidiomycete Schizophyllum commune Regulates Hyphal Growth Orientation and Sexual Development." Eukaryotic Cell 5, no. 4 (2006): 683–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.5.4.683-695.2006.

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ABSTRACT The white rot fungus Schizophyllum commune is used for the analysis of mating and sexual development in homobasidiomycete fungi. In this study, we isolated the gene gap1 encoding a GTPase-activating protein for Ras. Disruption of gap1 should therefore lead to strains accumulating Ras in its activated, GTP-bound state and to constitutive Ras signaling. Haploid Δgap1 monokaryons of different mating types did not show alterations in mating behavior in the four different mating interactions possible in fungi expressing a tetrapolar mating type system. Instead, the growth rate in Δgap1 mon
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9

Pandit, Sandesh, Jessica Lohmar, Shawana Ahmed, Oier Etxebeste, Eduardo Espeso, and Ana Calvo. "UrdA Controls Secondary Metabolite Production and the Balance between Asexual and Sexual Development in Aspergillus nidulans." Genes 9, no. 12 (2018): 570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9120570.

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The genus Aspergillus includes important plant pathogens, opportunistic human pathogens and mycotoxigenic fungi. In these organisms, secondary metabolism and morphogenesis are subject to a complex genetic regulation. Here we functionally characterized urdA, a gene encoding a putative helix-loop-helix (HLH)-type regulator in the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans. urdA governs asexual and sexual development in strains with a wild-type veA background; absence of urdA resulted in severe morphological alterations, with a significant reduction of conidial production and an increase in cleistothecial
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10

Turgeon, B. Gillian, Amir Sharon, Stefan Wirsel, Kenichi Yamaguchi, Solveig K. Christiansen, and Olen C. Yoder. "Structure and function of mating type genes in Cochliobolus spp. and asexual fungi." Canadian Journal of Botany 73, S1 (1995): 778–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b95-322.

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Mating type (MAT) genes of Cochliobolus heterostrophus have homologs in other heterothallic Cochliobolus spp., in homothallic Cochliobolus spp., and in asexual fungi thought to be taxonomically related to Cochliobolus (e.g., Bipolaris spp.). To examine the cause of asexuality in B. sacchari, its homolog of C. heterostrophus MAT-2 was cloned. The B. sacchari sequence was 98% identical to that of C. heterostrophus MAT-2, the gene conferred homothallism when expressed in a C. heterostrophus MAT-1 strain, and transgenic strains mated with C. heterostrophus MAT-1. Thus the cause of asexuality in B.
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11

Nowrousian, Minou, Sandra Masloff, Stefanie Pöggeler, and Ulrich Kück. "Cell Differentiation during Sexual Development of the Fungus Sordaria macrospora Requires ATP Citrate Lyase Activity." Molecular and Cellular Biology 19, no. 1 (1999): 450–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.19.1.450.

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ABSTRACT During sexual development, mycelial cells from most filamentous fungi differentiate into typical fruiting bodies. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of the Sordaria macrosporadevelopmental mutant per5, which exhibits a sterile phenotype with defects in fruiting body maturation. Cytological investigations revealed that the mutant strain forms only ascus precursors without any mature spores. Using an indexed cosmid library, we were able to complement the mutant to fertility by DNA-mediated transformation. A single cosmid clone, carrying a 3.5-kb region able to compleme
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12

Namekawa, Satoshi H., Kazuki Iwabata, Hiroko Sugawara, et al. "Knockdown of LIM15/DMC1 in the mushroom Coprinus cinereus by double-stranded RNA-mediated gene silencing." Microbiology 151, no. 11 (2005): 3669–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.28209-0.

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The basidiomycete Coprinus cinereus has many advantages as a model organism for studying sexual development and meiosis, but it has been difficult to investigate using reverse-genetics methods, such as gene disruption by homologous recombination. Here, gene repression by dsRNA-mediated gene silencing was tried as an alternative method for reverse-genetics studies. It was shown that transformation of the LIM15/DMC1 dsRNA expression construct (LIM15dsRNA) resulted in genomic insertion of LIM15dsRNA and paucity of the LIM15/DMC1 transcript. First, LIM15dsRNA was transformed into the homothallic s
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13

Meister, Thieme, Thieme, et al. "COP9 Signalosome Interaction with UspA/Usp15 Deubiquitinase Controls VeA-Mediated Fungal Multicellular Development." Biomolecules 9, no. 6 (2019): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9060238.

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COP9 signalosome (CSN) and Den1/A deneddylases physically interact and promote multicellular development in fungi. CSN recognizes Skp1/cullin-1/Fbx E3 cullin-RING ligases (CRLs) without substrate and removes their posttranslational Nedd8 modification from the cullin scaffold. This results in CRL complex disassembly and allows Skp1 adaptor/Fbx receptor exchange for altered substrate specificity. We characterized the novel ubiquitin-specific protease UspA of the mold Aspergillus nidulans, which corresponds to CSN-associated human Usp15 and interacts with six CSN subunits. UspA reduces amounts of
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14

Yang, Qi, Sheven I. Poole та Katherine A. Borkovich. "A G-Protein β Subunit Required for Sexual and Vegetative Development and Maintenance of Normal Gα Protein Levels in Neurospora crassa". Eukaryotic Cell 1, № 3 (2002): 378–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.1.3.378-390.2002.

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ABSTRACT The genome of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa contains a single gene encoding a heterotrimeric G-protein β subunit, gnb-1. The predicted GNB-1 protein sequence is most identical to Gβ proteins from the filamentous fungi Cryphonectria parasitica and Aspergillus nidulans. N. crassa GNB-1 is also 65% identical to the human GNB-1 protein but only 38 and 45% identical to Gβ proteins from budding and fission yeasts. Previous studies in animal and fungal systems have elucidated phenotypes of Gβ null mutants, but little is known about the effects of Gβ loss on Gα levels. In this stud
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15

Min, Kyunghun, Hokyoung Son, Jae Yun Lim, et al. "Transcription Factor RFX1 Is Crucial for Maintenance of Genome Integrity in Fusarium graminearum." Eukaryotic Cell 13, no. 3 (2014): 427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00293-13.

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ABSTRACT The survival of cellular organisms depends on the faithful replication and transmission of DNA. Regulatory factor X (RFX) transcription factors are well conserved in animals and fungi, but their functions are diverse, ranging from the DNA damage response to ciliary gene regulation. We investigated the role of the sole RFX transcription factor, RFX1, in the plant-pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum . Deletion of rfx1 resulted in multiple defects in hyphal growth, conidiation, virulence, and sexual development. Deletion mutants of rfx1 were more sensitive to various types of DNA dama
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16

Berka, Randy M., and Christopher C. Barnett. "The development of gene expression systems for filamentous fungi." Biotechnology Advances 7, no. 2 (1989): 127–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0734-9750(89)90356-x.

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17

Wang, Lu, Yanzhi Liu, Jinliang Liu, Yanhua Zhang, Xianghui Zhang, and Hongyu Pan. "The Sclerotinia sclerotiorum FoxE2 Gene Is Required for Apothecial Development." Phytopathology® 106, no. 5 (2016): 484–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-08-15-0181-r.

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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a widely dispersed plant pathogenic fungus causing many diseases such as white mold, Sclerotinia stem rot, stalk rot, and Sclerotinia head rot on many varieties of broadleaf crops worldwide. Previous studies have shown that the Forkhead-box transcription factors (FOX TFs) play key regulatory roles in the sexual reproduction of some fungi. Ss-FoxE2 is one of four FOX TF family member genes in S. sclerotiorum. Based on ortholog function in other fungi it is hypothesized to function in S. sclerotiorum sexual reproduction. In this study, the role of Ss-FoxE2 in S. scler
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18

Rensing, Ludger, Christian Monnerjahn, and Ulf Meyer. "Differential stress gene expression during the development ofNeurospora crassaand other fungi." FEMS Microbiology Letters 168, no. 2 (1998): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb13268.x.

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19

Fabritius, Anna-Liisa, Cristina Cvitanich, and Howard S. Judelson. "Stage-specific gene expression during sexual development in Phytophthora infestans." Molecular Microbiology 45, no. 4 (2002): 1057–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03073.x.

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20

Wilson, Wilken, van der Nest, Wingfield, and Wingfield. "It’s All in the Genes: The Regulatory Pathways of Sexual Reproduction in Filamentous Ascomycetes." Genes 10, no. 5 (2019): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10050330.

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Sexual reproduction in filamentous ascomycete fungi results in the production of highly specialized sexual tissues, which arise from relatively simple, vegetative mycelia. This conversion takes place after the recognition of and response to a variety of exogenous and endogenous cues, and relies on very strictly regulated gene, protein, and metabolite pathways. This makes studying sexual development in fungi an interesting tool in which to study gene–gene, gene–protein, and protein–metabolite interactions. This review provides an overview of some of the most important genes involved in this pro
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Nowrousian, Minou, and Ulrich Kück. "Comparative gene expression analysis of fruiting body development in two filamentous fungi." FEMS Microbiology Letters 257, no. 2 (2006): 328–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00192.x.

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22

Ingleby, Fiona C., Ilona Flis, and Edward H. Morrow. "Sex-Biased Gene Expression and Sexual Conflict throughout Development: Table 1." Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology 7, no. 1 (2014): a017632. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a017632.

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Burcea, Alexandru, Gina‐Oana Popa, Iulia E. Florescu (Gune), et al. "Gene expression involved in the sexual development of Best Beluga hybrid sturgeons." Journal of Fish Biology 93, no. 5 (2018): 1021–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfb.13815.

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24

Casselton, Lorna A., and Natalie S. Olesnicky. "Molecular Genetics of Mating Recognition in Basidiomycete Fungi." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 62, no. 1 (1998): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.62.1.55-70.1998.

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SUMMARY The recognition of compatible mating partners in the basidiomycete fungi requires the coordinated activities of two gene complexes defined as the mating-type genes. One complex encodes members of the homeobox family of transcription factors, which heterodimerize on mating to generate an active transcription regulator. The other complex encodes peptide pheromones and 7-transmembrane receptors that permit intercellular signalling. Remarkably, a single species may have many thousands of cross-compatible mating types because the mating-type genes are multiallelic. Different alleles of both
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He, Wenxia, Xiangyan Dai, Xiaowen Chen, Jiangyan He, and Zhan Yin. "Zebrafish pituitary gene expression before and after sexual maturation." Journal of Endocrinology 221, no. 3 (2014): 429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-13-0488.

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Sexual maturation and somatic growth cessation are associated with adolescent development, which is precisely controlled by interconnected neuroendocrine regulatory pathways in the endogenous endocrine system. The pituitary gland is one of the key regulators of the endocrine system. By analyzing the RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) transcriptome before and after sexual maturation, in this study, we characterized the global gene expression patterns in zebrafish pituitaries at 45 and 90 days post-fertilization (dpf). A total of 15 043 annotated genes were expressed in the pituitary tissue, 3072 of which
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Nelson, M. A., and R. L. Metzenberg. "Sexual development genes of Neurospora crassa." Genetics 132, no. 1 (1992): 149–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/132.1.149.

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Abstract The filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa undergoes a complex program of sexual development to form a fruiting body composed of several kinds of specialized tissue. Subtractive hybridization was used to isolate genes that are expressed preferentially during this sexual phase. Many such sexual development (sdv) genes were identified in a cosmid library of Neurospora genomic DNA. Fourteen of the sdv genes were subcloned, and their expression in mutant strains and under crossing and vegetative growth conditions was examined. All of the regulated transcripts were less abundant (and in many
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Töhönen, Virpi, Jessica Frygelius, Majid Mohammadieh, et al. "Normal Sexual Development and Fertility in testatin Knockout Mice." Molecular and Cellular Biology 25, no. 12 (2005): 4892–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.12.4892-4902.2005.

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ABSTRACT The testatin gene was previously isolated in a screen focused on finding novel signaling molecules involved in sex determination and differentiation. testatin is specifically upregulated in pre-Sertoli cells in early fetal development, immediately after the onset of Sry expression, and was therefore considered a strong candidate for involvement in early testis development. testatin expression is maintained in the adult Sertoli cell, and it can also be found in a small population of germ cells. Testatin shows homology to family 2 cystatins, a group of broadly expressed small secretory
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Tsitsigiannis, Dimitrios I., Terri M. Kowieski, Robert Zarnowski, and Nancy P. Keller. "Three putative oxylipin biosynthetic genes integrate sexual and asexual development in Aspergillus nidulans." Microbiology 151, no. 6 (2005): 1809–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.27880-0.

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Oxylipins called psi factors have been shown to alter the ratio of asexual to sexual sporulation in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Analysis of the A. nidulans genome has led to the identification of three fatty acid oxygenases (PpoA, PpoB and PpoC) predicted to produce psi factors. Here, it is reported that deletion of ppoB (ΔppoB) reduced production of the oleic-acid-derived oxylipin psiBβ and increased the ratio of asexual to sexual spore development. Generation of the triple mutant ΔppoAΔppoBΔppoC resulted in a strain deficient in producing oleic- and linoleic-acid-derived 8′-
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Hull, Christina M., Marie-Josee Boily та Joseph Heitman. "Sex-Specific Homeodomain Proteins Sxi1α and Sxi2a Coordinately Regulate Sexual Development in Cryptococcus neoformans". Eukaryotic Cell 4, № 3 (2005): 526–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.4.3.526-535.2005.

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ABSTRACT Homeodomain proteins are central regulators of development in eukaryotes. In fungi, homeodomain proteins have been shown to control cell identity and sexual development. Cryptococcus neoformans is a human fungal pathogen with a defined sexual cycle that produces spores, the suspected infectious particles. Previously, only a single homeodomain regulatory protein involved in sexual development, Sxi1α, had been identified. Here we present the discovery of Sxi2a, a predicted but heretofore elusive cell-type-specific homeodomain protein essential for the regulation of sexual development. O
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Renfree, Marilyn B., Andrew J. Pask, and Geoff Shaw. "Sexual development of a model marsupial male." Australian Journal of Zoology 54, no. 3 (2006): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo05057.

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In eutherian mammals sexual differentiation occurs during fetal development, making experimental manipulation difficult, unlike in marsupials. We are investigating the roles of several key genes and hormones whose exact role in gonadal differentiation is still unclear using the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii) as a model. As in humans, unlike in mice, the testis-determining gene SRY is expressed in male tammar fetuses in many tissues over an extended period. Not all sexual differentiation depends on testicular hormones. Scrotum and mammary glands are under the control of X-linked gene(s). Our
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Greene, Andrew V., Nancy Keller, Hubertus Haas, and Deborah Bell-Pedersen. "A Circadian Oscillator in Aspergillus spp. Regulates Daily Development and Gene Expression." Eukaryotic Cell 2, no. 2 (2003): 231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.2.2.231-237.2003.

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ABSTRACT We have established the presence of a circadian clock in Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus nidulans by morphological and molecular assays, respectively. In A. flavus, the clock regulates an easily assayable rhythm in the development of sclerotia, which are large survival structures produced by many fungi. This developmental rhythm exhibits all of the principal clock properties. The rhythm is maintained in constant environmental conditions with a period of 33 h at 30°C, it can be entrained by environmental signals, and it is temperature compensated. This endogenous 33-h period is one
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Casas-Tintó, Sergio, Mercedes Arnés, and Alberto Ferrús. "Drosophila enhancer-Gal4 lines show ectopic expression during development." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 3 (2017): 170039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170039.

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In Drosophila melanogaster the most widely used technique to drive gene expression is the binary UAS/Gal4 system. We show here that a set of nervous system specific enhancers ( elav , D42/ Toll-6 , OK6/ RapGAP1 ) display ectopic activity in epithelial tissues during development, which is seldom considered in experimental studies. This ectopic activity is variable, unstable and influenced by the primary sequence of the enhancer and the insertion site in the chromosome. In addition, the ectopic activity is independent of the protein expressed, Gal4, as it is reproduced also with the expression o
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Wang, Zheng, Francesc Lopez-Giraldez, Nina Lehr, et al. "Global Gene Expression and Focused Knockout Analysis Reveals Genes Associated with Fungal Fruiting Body Development in Neurospora crassa." Eukaryotic Cell 13, no. 1 (2013): 154–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00248-13.

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ABSTRACTFungi can serve as highly tractable models for understanding genetic basis of sexual development in multicellular organisms. Applying a reverse-genetic approach to advance such a model, we used random and multitargeted primers to assay gene expression across perithecial development inNeurospora crassa. We found that functionally unclassified proteins accounted for most upregulated genes, whereas downregulated genes were enriched for diverse functions. Moreover, genes associated with developmental traits exhibited stage-specific peaks of expression. Expression increased significantly ac
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Alzan, Heba F., Audrey O. T. Lau, Donald P. Knowles, et al. "Expression of 6-Cys Gene Superfamily Defines Babesia bovis Sexual Stage Development within Rhipicephalus microplus." PLOS ONE 11, no. 9 (2016): e0163791. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163791.

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Watanabe, Y., and M. Yamamoto. "Schizosaccharomyces pombe pcr1+ encodes a CREB/ATF protein involved in regulation of gene expression for sexual development." Molecular and Cellular Biology 16, no. 2 (1996): 704–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.16.2.704.

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The Schizosaccharomyces pombe pcr1 gene encodes a bZIP protein that apparently belongs to the cyclic AMP response element (CRE)-binding protein/activating transcription factor family. The deduced pcr1 gene product consists of 171 amino acid residues and is most similar to the mammalian CRE-BP1. A glutathione S-transferase-Pcr1 fusion protein produced in Escherichia coli was able to bind specifically to the CRE motif in vitro. Analysis with anti-Pcr1 serum suggested that Pcr1 is included in the major CRE-binding factors present in the S. pombe cell extract. Disruption of the pcr1 gene was not l
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Yin, Chuntao, James E. Jurgenson, and Scot H. Hulbert. "Development of a Host-Induced RNAi System in the Wheat Stripe Rust Fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 24, no. 5 (2011): 554–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-10-10-0229.

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Rust fungi cause devastating diseases of wheat and other cereal species globally. Genetic resistance is the preferred method to control rusts but the effectiveness of race-specific resistance is typically transient due to the genetic plasticity of rust populations. The advent of RNA interference (RNAi) technology has shown promise for the engineering of resistance to some biotrophic pathogens in plants by altering the expression of essential pathogens' genes. Gene fragments from the rust fungi Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici or P. graminis f. sp. tritici were delivered to plant cells throu
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Mukherjee, Arijit, and Jean-Michel Ané. "Germinating Spore Exudates from Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Molecular and Developmental Responses in Plants and Their Regulation by Ethylene." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 24, no. 2 (2011): 260–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-06-10-0146.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi stimulate root development and induce expression of mycorrhization-specific genes in both eudicots and monocots. Diffusible factors released by AM fungi have been shown to elicit similar responses in Medicago truncatula. Colonization of roots by AM fungi is inhibited by ethylene. We compared the effects of germinating spore exudates (GSE) from Glomus intraradices in monocots and in eudicots, their genetic control, and their regulation by ethylene. GSE modify root architecture and induce symbiotic gene expression in both monocots and eudicots. The genetic regul
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38

Faccio, P., C. Vazquez-Rovere, E. Hopp, et al. "Increased tolerance to wheat powdery mildew by heterologous constitutive expression of the Solanum chacoense Snakin-1 gene." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 47, Special Issue (2011): S135—S141. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3268-cjgpb.

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Great efforts are currently being devoted to studying the use of transgenes to confer resistance to phytopathogenic fungi. Snakin-1 is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide isolated from Solanum that is active in vitro against bacteria and fungi. Recently, it was reported that overexpression of the snakin-1 (SN1) gene in transgenic potato plants enhanced resistance to Rhizoctonia solani and Erwinia carotovora. In this work wheat transgenic plants that constitutively expressed the S. chacoense SN1 gene were challenged with Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici. Enhanced resistance to the pathogen wa
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Gao, Ling-Ling, Wolfgang Knogge, Gabriele Delp, F. Andrew Smith, and Sally E. Smith. "Expression Patterns of Defense-Related Genes in Different Types of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Development in Wild-Type and Mycorrhiza-Defective Mutant Tomato." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 17, no. 10 (2004): 1103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2004.17.10.1103.

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The expression of defense-related genes was analyzed in the interactions of six arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi with the roots of wild-type tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cv. 76R and of the near-isogenic mycorrhiza-defective mutant rmc. Depending on the fungal species, wild-type tomato forms both major morphological AM types, Arum and Paris. The mutant rmc blocks the penetration of the root surface or invasion of the root cortex by most species of AM fungi, but one fungus has been shown to develop normal mycorrhizas. In the wild-type tomato, accumulation of mRNA representing a number
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40

Xiang, Quanju, Keyu Shen, Xiumei Yu, et al. "Analysis of the oligopeptide transporter gene family in Ganoderma lucidum: structure, phylogeny, and expression patterns." Genome 60, no. 4 (2017): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2016-0120.

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Oligopeptide transporters (OPTs) are believed to transport broad ranges of substrates across the plasma membrane from the extracellular environment into the cell and are thought to contribute to various biological processes. In the present study, 13 putative OPTs (Gl-OPT1 to Gl-OPT13) were identified through extensive search of Ganoderma lucidum genome database. Phylogenetic analysis with OPTs from other fungi and plants indicates that these genes can be further divided into five groups. Motif compositions of OPT members are highly conserved in each group, indicative of functional conservation
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41

Chen, Biao, Guitao Liang, Xuenong Zhu, et al. "Gene Expression Profiling in Ovaries and Association Analyses Reveal HEP21 as a Candidate Gene for Sexual Maturity in Chickens." Animals 10, no. 2 (2020): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10020181.

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The age of onset of sexual maturity is an important reproductive trait in chickens. In this study, we explored candidate genes associated with sexual maturity and ovary development in chickens. We performed DGE RNA-sequencing analyses of ovaries of pre-laying (P-F-O1, L-F-O1) and laying (P-F-O2, L-F-O2) hens of two sub-breeds of Ningdu Yellow chicken. A total of 3197 genes were identified in the two comparisons, and 966 and 1860 genes were detected exclusively in comparisons of P-F-O1 vs. P-F-O2 and L-F-O1 vs. L-F-O2, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
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42

Brambl, Robert. "Fungal physiology and the origins of molecular biology." Microbiology 155, no. 12 (2009): 3799–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.035238-0.

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Molecular biology has several distinct origins, but especially important are those contributed by fungal and yeast physiology, biochemistry and genetics. From the first gene action studies that became the basis of our understanding of the relationship between genes and proteins, through chromosome structure, mitochondrial genetics and membrane biogenesis, gene silencing and circadian clocks, studies with these organisms have yielded basic insight into these processes applicable to all eukaryotes. Examples are cited of pioneering studies with fungi that have stimulated new research in clinical
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43

PRADEL, G. "Proteins of the malaria parasite sexual stages: expression, function and potential for transmission blocking strategies." Parasitology 134, no. 14 (2007): 1911–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182007003381.

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SUMMARYThe sexual phase of the malaria pathogen,Plasmodium falciparum, culminates in fertilization within the midgut of the mosquito and represents a crucial step in the completion of the parasite's life-cycle and transmission of the disease. Two decades ago, the first sexual stage-specific surface proteins were identified, among themPfs230,Pfs48/45, andPfs25, which were of scientific interest as candidates for the development of transmission blocking vaccines. A decade later, gene information gained from the sequencing of theP. falciparumgenome led to the identification of numerous additional
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Santos, P. R. S., F. D. Oliveira, M. A. M. Arroyo, et al. "Steroidogenesis during postnatal testicular development of Galea spixii." Reproduction 154, no. 5 (2017): 645–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-17-0075.

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The androgen/estrogen balance is essential for normal sexual development and reproduction in mammals. Studies performed herein investigated the potential for estrogen synthesis in cells of the testes of a hystricomorph rodent, Galea spixii. The study characterized the expression of the key enzymes responsible for estrogen and androgen synthesis, cytochromes P450 aromatase (P450arom), 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (P450c17) respectively, as well as the redox partner NADPH cytochrome P450 oxido-reductase (CPR) required to support electron transfer and catalysis of these P450s, by immunohistochemis
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Barba-Ostria, Carlos, Fernando Lledías, and Dimitris Georgellis. "The Neurospora crassa DCC-1 Protein, a Putative Histidine Kinase, Is Required for Normal Sexual and Asexual Development and Carotenogenesis." Eukaryotic Cell 10, no. 12 (2011): 1733–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.05223-11.

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ABSTRACT Two-component signaling pathways based on phosphoryl group transfer between histidine kinase and response regulator proteins regulate environmental responses in bacteria, archaea, plants, slime molds, and fungi. Here we characterize a mutant form of DCC-1, a putative histidine kinase encoded by the NCU00939 gene of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa . We show that this protein participates in the regulation of processes such as conidiation, perithecial development, and, to a certain degree, carotenogenesis. Furthermore, DCC-1 is suggested to exert its effect by promoting cyclic
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Delemarre-van de Waal, H. A., K. A. Burton, E. B. Kabigting, D. K. Clifton, and R. A. Steiner. "SEXUAL DIMORPHISM OF GALANIN GENE EXPRESSION IN GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE NEURONS OF THE RAT DURING DEVELOPMENT." Pediatric Research 33 (May 1993): S27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199305001-00145.

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47

Guenther, John C., Heather E. Hallen-Adams, Heike Bücking, Yair Shachar-Hill, and Frances Trail. "Triacylglyceride Metabolism by Fusarium graminearum During Colonization and Sexual Development on Wheat." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 22, no. 12 (2009): 1492–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-22-12-1492.

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Fusarium graminearum, a devastating pathogen of small grains, overwinters on crop residues and produces ephemeral perithecia. Accumulation of lipids in overwintering hyphae would provide reserves for overwinter survival and perithecium development. Fatty acid composition of cultures during perithecium development indicated a drop in neutral lipid levels during development but little change in fatty acid composition across stages. Microscopic examination of cultures early in sexual development revealed hyphal cells engorged with lipid bodies. In comparison, vegetative hyphae contained few lipid
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48

Wilson, Richard A., Harold W. Gardner, and Nancy P. Keller. "Cultivar-Dependent Expression of a Maize Lipoxygenase Responsive to Seed Infesting Fungi." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 14, no. 8 (2001): 980–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2001.14.8.980.

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Maize kernels are highly susceptible to Aspergillus spp. infection and aflatoxin (AF) contamination. Fatty acid signaling molecules appear to mediate the plant-fungal interaction by affecting the growth, development, and AF production of the fungus. In particular, fatty acid derivatives of the plant lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway are implicated in the Aspergillus spp.-seed interaction. The 9(S)-hydroperoxide derivative of linoleic acid promotes transcription of AF genes, whereas the 13(S)-hydroperoxide derivative decreases AF gene expression and production; both are sporulation factors. Our goal w
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49

Loubradou, Gabriel, Joel Bégueret, and Béatrice Turcq. "A Mutation in an HSP90 Gene Affects the Sexual Cycle and Suppresses Vegetative Incompatibility in the Fungus Podospora anserina." Genetics 147, no. 2 (1997): 581–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/147.2.581.

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Vegetative incompatibility is widespread in fungi but its molecular mechanism and biological function are still poorly understood. A way to study vegetative incompatibility is to investigate the function of genes whose mutations suppress this phenomenon. In Podospora anserina, these genes are known as mod genes. In addition to suppressing vegetative incompatibility, mod mutations cause some developmental defects. This suggests that the molecular mechanisms of vegetative incompatibility and development pathways are interconnected. The mod-E1 mutation was isolated as a suppressor of the developm
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Ahrén, Dag, Margareta Tholander, Csaba Fekete, et al. "Comparison of gene expression in trap cells and vegetative hyphae of the nematophagous fungus Monacrosporium haptotylum." Microbiology 151, no. 3 (2005): 789–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.27485-0.

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Nematode-trapping fungi enter the parasitic stage by developing specific morphological structures called traps. The global patterns of gene expression in traps and mycelium of the fungus Monacrosporium haptotylum were compared. The trap of this fungus is a unicellular spherical structure called the knob, which develops on the apex of a hyphal branch. RNA was isolated from knobs and mycelium and hybridized to a cDNA array containing probes of 2822 EST clones of M. haptotylum. Despite the fact that the knobs and mycelium were grown in the same medium, there were substantial differences in the pa
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