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Journal articles on the topic 'Furcifer pardalis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 23 June 2025

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1

Nečas, Petr, Jason Volden, Anja Wochnik-Göbeller, and Andreas Augustin. "Longevity of Chameleons in Human Care: Insights into Lifespan and Care." Archaius 2, no. 1 (2025): 2. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14904511.

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<strong>Longevity of Chameleons in Human Care: Insights into Lifespan and Care</strong> Chameleons can achieve impressive lifespans in captivity, contrary to the more common reports suggesting they typically live only a few years. This discussion draws on three case studies: females of <em>Furcifer pardalis</em>, a male <em>Furcifer pardalis</em>, and a male <em>Calumma parsonii</em>. These cases highlight significant age records for these species and analyze the optimal care conditions contributed to their longevity. <strong>Key words: </strong>Chameleons, longevity, captive care, <em>Furcifer pardalis</em>, <em>Calumma parsonii</em>

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2

Origgi, Francesco, Paola Roccabianca, and Daniela Gelmetti. "Dermatophilosis in Furcifer (Chamaleo) pardalis." Bulletin of the Association of Reptilian and Amphibian Veterinarians 9, no. 3 (1999): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5818/1076-3139.9.3.9.

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3

Савончик, Максим, та Петр Нечас. "Савончик, М. & П. Нечас (2020) Пантеровый хамелеон, Furcifer pardalis (Cuvier, 1826) (Reptilia: Chamaeleonidae), с глазами на небе полости рта. – Archaius 1 (2):". Archaius 1, № 2 (2020): 15–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3763551.

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4

Savonchik, Maksim, and Petr Necas. "Savonchik, M. & P. Nečas (2020) A Panther Chameleon, Furcifer pardalis (CUVIER, 1826) (Reptilia: Chamaeleonidae) with eyes on the roof of mouth cavity. – Archaius 1." Archaius 1, no. 2 (2020): 15–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3763533.

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Savonchik, M. & P. Nečas (2020) A Panther Chameleon, Furcifer pardalis (CUVIER, 1826) (Reptilia: Chamaeleonidae) with eyes on the roof of mouth cavity. – Archaius 1 

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5

Nógrádi, Anna Linda, Zsolt Szentgáli, and Iain Cope. "Unilateral Enucleation in a Panther Chameleon (Furcifer pardalis)." Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery 28, no. 3-4 (2018): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5818/17-11-134.1.

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6

Heatley, J. Jill, Mark A. Mitchell, Jamie Williams, Julie A. Smith, and Thomas N. Tully. "Fungal Periodontal Osteomyelitis in a Chameleon, Furcifer pardalis." Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery 11, no. 4 (2001): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5818/1529-9651.11.4.7.

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7

Meyer, Jean, Jolanta Kolodziejek, Annett-Carolin Häbich, Nora Dinhopl, and Barbara Richter. "Multicentric Squamous Cell Tumors in Panther Chameleons (Furcifer pardalis)." Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine 29 (April 2019): 166–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.jepm.2018.05.005.

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8

Irizarry-Rovira, Armando R., Alexander Wolf, Matthew Bolek, John A. Christian, and Dennis B. DeNicola. "Blood Smear from a Wild-Caught Panther Chameleon (Furcifer pardalis)." Veterinary Clinical Pathology 31, no. 3 (2002): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-165x.2002.tb00292.x.

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9

Rovatsos, Altmanová, Augstenová, Mazzoleni, Velenský, and Kratochvíl. "ZZ/ZW Sex Determination with Multiple Neo-Sex Chromosomes is Common in Madagascan Chameleons of the Genus Furcifer (Reptilia: Chamaeleonidae)." Genes 10, no. 12 (2019): 1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10121020.

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Chameleons are well-known, highly distinctive lizards characterized by unique morphological and physiological traits, but their karyotypes and sex determination system have remained poorly studied. We studied karyotypes in six species of Madagascan chameleons of the genus Furcifer by classical (conventional stain, C-banding) and molecular (comparative genomic hybridization, in situ hybridization with rDNA, microsatellite, and telomeric sequences) cytogenetic approaches. In contrast to most sauropsid lineages, the chameleons of the genus Furcifer show chromosomal variability even among closely related species, with diploid chromosome numbers varying from 2n = 22 to 2n = 28. We identified female heterogamety with cytogenetically distinct Z and W sex chromosomes in all studied species. Notably, multiple neo-sex chromosomes in the form Z1Z1Z2Z2/Z1Z2W were uncovered in four species of the genus (F. bifidus, F. verrucosus, F. willsii, and previously studied F. pardalis). Phylogenetic distribution and morphology of sex chromosomes suggest that multiple sex chromosomes, which are generally very rare among vertebrates with female heterogamety, possibly evolved several times within the genus Furcifer. Although acrodontan lizards (chameleons and dragon lizards) demonstrate otherwise notable variability in sex determination, it seems that female heterogamety with differentiated sex chromosomes remained stable in the chameleons of the genus Furcifer for about 30 million years.

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10

DESO, GRÉGORY, XAVIER BONNET, MARKUS A. ROESCH, et al. "16. Panther chameleons Furcifer pardalis using aerial cables in urban habitats." Herpetological Bulletin, no. 162 (December 1, 2022): 43–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33256/hb162.4344.

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11

Hellebuyck, Tom, Liesbeth Couck, Richard Ducatelle, Wim Van den Broeck, and Rachel E. Marschang. "Cheilitis Associated with a Novel Herpesvirus in Two Panther Chameleons (Furcifer pardalis)." Journal of Comparative Pathology 182 (January 2021): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2020.12.004.

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12

McGeough, Ross. "Furcifer pardalis (Panther Chameleon) – A Brief Species Description and Details on Captive Husbandry." Biology, Engineering, Medicine and Science Reports 2, no. 2 (2016): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/bems.2016.2.6.

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13

Bielli, Mattia. "Preliminary Notes on Ivermectin to Control Foleyella Microfilaremia in Panther Chameleon, Furcifer pardalis." Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery 17, no. 3 (2007): 104–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5818/1529-9651.17.3.104.

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14

Stets, O. V. "Parasites of panther chameleons (Furcifer pardalis) grown in captivity and brought from the wild." Journal for Veterinary Medicine, Biotechnology and Biosafety 5, no. 4 (2019): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36016/jvmbbs-2019-5-4-4.

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Reptile parasites imported from the wild differ from those grown in captivity. Thus, captive-grown reptiles tolerate the process of disadaptation better than imported wild animals, even under proper conditions of keeping and feeding. It should be noted that determining the origin of reptiles is sometimes difficult or impossible. For this, special methods are needed. In this regard, the purpose of research was to confirm or refute the theory, in reptiles from different places of residence, various parasites are found. We studied panther chameleons (Furcifer pardalis) imported from the wild and raised in captivity. To determine the parasites in the laboratory, methods of native smear, sequential washing and flotation were used. 10 species of intestinal parasites were found in panther chameleons imported from the wild, in particular Trematoda gen. sp. 1, Tremaitoda gen. sp. 2, Cestoda gen. sp., Spinicauda freitasi (Olfers, 1919), Hexametra angusticaecoides (Chabaud et Brygoo, 1960), Pharyngodonidae gen. sp., spirurates of the genus Thubunaea sp., larvae of the family Rhabdiasidae gen. sp., flagellates from the series Kinetoplastida gen. sp. and Eimeria sp, with prevalence 87.56%. In panther chameleons grown in captivity only Pharyngodonidae gen. sp. was found, prevalence was 94.05%. It is noted that under appropriate conditions of keeping and feeding in captive panther chameleons, a small number of parasites with a direct development cycle and their insignificant toxic effect on the body can develop

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15

Rochford, Michael R., Jake R. Edwards, Patricia L. Howell, et al. "The Panther Chameleon, Furcifer pardalis (Cuvier 1829) (Chamaeleonidae), another introduced chameleon species in Florida." Reptiles & Amphibians 20, no. 4 (2013): 205–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/randa.v20i4.13974.

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16

Dierenfeld, Ellen S., Edward B. Norkus, Kathryn Carroll, and Gary W. Ferguson. "Carotenoids, vitamin A, and vitamin E concentrations during egg development in panther chameleons (Furcifer pardalis)." Zoo Biology 21, no. 3 (2002): 295–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zoo.10039.

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17

Johnson, James G., Lisa M. Naples, Caroline Chu, Michael J. Kinsel, Jennifer E. Flower, and William G. Van Bonn. "CUTANEOUS SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA IN A PANTHER CHAMELEON (FURCIFER PARDALIS) AND TREATMENT WITH CARBOPLATIN IMPLANTABLE BEADS." Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 47, no. 3 (2016): 931–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1638/2015-0230.1.

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18

Karsten, Kristopher B., Gary W. Ferguson, Tai C. Chen, and Michael F. Holick. "Panther Chameleons, Furcifer pardalis, Behaviorally Regulate Optimal Exposure to UV Depending on Dietary Vitamin D3 Status." Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 82, no. 3 (2009): 218–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/597525.

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19

Eisenberg, Tobias, Karen Schlez, Ahmad Fawzy, et al. "Expanding the host range: infection of a reptilian host (Furcifer pardalis) by an atypical Brucella strain." Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 113, no. 10 (2020): 1531–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10482-020-01448-9.

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Abstract Atypical brucellae show deviant phenotypes and/or genotypes. Besides Brucella inopinata, B. microti and B. vulpis, atypical strains have been described infecting humans, rodents, amphibians and fish. They represent potential zoonotic agents. Here, we provide evidence that reptiles as the remaining poikilothermic vertebrate class also represent susceptible hosts for atypical Brucella.

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20

Melero, Adri, Judit s, Yvonne Espada, Rosa Novellas, Mario Encinoso, and Jaume Martorell. "Computed tomography of the coelomic cavity in healthy veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus) and panther chameleons (Furcifer pardalis)." Open Veterinary Journal 13, no. 9 (2023): 1071. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ovj.2023.v13.i9.2.

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Background: Veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) and panther chameleon (Furcifer pardalis) are two of the most popular pet chameleons, and consequently, these species are frequently evaluated in veterinary practices. According to our review of the literature normal computed tomography (CT) anatomy of these lizards has not been previously described. Aim: The purposes of this prospective study were to describe the normal CT anatomy of the coelomic organs in healthy patients and to provide normal reference values in these species. Methods: Seventeen clinically healthy veiled chameleons and fifteen clinically healthy panther chameleons were included. All CT studies were performed with the chameleons under light anaesthesia and positioned in sternal recumbency. Studies were performed with a 16-slice helical CT scanner with a slice thickness of 0.625 mm. The authors recorded qualitative and quantitative CT characteristics of the coelomic structures. Macroscopic cross-sectional anatomy was performed for comparison of the CT findings. Results: Lungs, liver -including caudal vena cava, hepatic vessels, and gallbladder-, oesophagus, stomach, intestines, gonads, fat bodies, kidneys, and urinary bladder could be visualized with CT. The spleen, pancreas, and adrenal glands could not be identified. Conclusion: This study provides a guide of the normal cross-sectional and computed tomographic anatomy of the coelomic cavity in veiled and panther chameleons. Our results could be used as a reference for future research studies or for comparison of clinically ill patients.

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21

Melero, Adrián, Rosa Novellas, Claudia Mallol, José Ríos, Albert Martínez Silvestre, and Jaume Martorell. "Ultrasonographic appearance of the coelomic cavity organs in healthy veiled chameleons ( Chamaeleo calyptratus ) and panther chameleons ( Furcifer pardalis )." Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound 61, no. 1 (2019): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/vru.12820.

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22

Dollion, Alexis Y., Anthony Herrel, Olivier Marquis, Mathieu Leroux-Coyau, and Sandrine Meylan. "The colour of success: does female mate choice rely on male colour change in the chameleon Furcifer pardalis?" Journal of Experimental Biology 223, no. 20 (2020): jeb224550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.224550.

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ABSTRACTColour change is involved in various functions ranging from thermo- and hydroregulation to camouflage and communication. The role of colour change in communication has received increased attention over the past few decades, yet has been studied predominantly in the context of intrasexual competition. Here, we investigate the role of colour change in mate choice in an animal that can change its colour, the panther chameleon (Furcifer pardalis). We conducted behavioural experiments and colour analysis to investigate whether colour changes, including in the UV range, are involved in mate choice. This study presents evidence of female mate choice for specific aspects of colour change in courting males, both in the visible (i.e. human visible range: 400–700 nm) and the UV range. Females chose males exhibiting more saturation changes regardless of the body region and spectral range. In addition, females chose males showing fewer brightness changes at the level of the lateral line and males showing lower hue changes at the level of the bands and the interbands, in the visible range. At UV wavelengths, selected males showed more brightness changes and higher maximum brightness. These results suggest that male colour change is important in female mate choice in the panther chameleon.

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23

Ferguson, Gary W., W. H. Gehrmann, T. C. Chen, E. S. Dierenfeld, and M. F. Holick. "Effects of Artificial Ultraviolet Light Exposure on Reproductive Success of the Female Panther Chameleon (Furcifer pardalis) in Captivity." Zoo Biology 21, no. 6 (2002): 525–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zoo.10054.

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24

Laube, Alexandra, Barblin Altherr, Marcus Clauss, and Jean-Michel Hatt. "Reference Intervals for Bile Acids and Protein Electrophoresis in Plasma of Captive Panther Chameleons (Furcifer pardalis): A First Approach." Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery 28, no. 3-4 (2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5818/17-12-139.1.

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25

Fieldsend, Thomas, Natalie Claunch, Brian Fridie, et al. "Extreme male color polymorphism supports the introduction of multiple native-range Panther Chameleon (Furcifer pardalis) lineages to Florida, USA." Reptiles & Amphibians 28, no. 2 (2021): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/randa.v28i2.15599.

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26

Fuentes, E. Martínez, J. T. Pico Rodriguez, A. Reyes Matute, and L. C. Martínez Chavarria. "Granulomatous pneumonia caused by Mycobacterium simiae and necroulcerative enteritis caused by Entamoeba spp in a panther chameleon (Furcifer pardalis)." Journal of Comparative Pathology 210 (April 2024): 78–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2024.03.096.

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27

Laube, Alexandra, Helene Pendl, Marcus Clauss, Barblin Altherr, and Jean-Michel Hatt. "PLASMA BIOCHEMISTRY AND HEMATOLOGY REFERENCE VALUES OF CAPTIVE PANTHER CHAMELEONS (FURCIFER PARDALIS) WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON SEASONALITY AND GENDER DIFFERENCES." Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 47, no. 3 (2016): 743–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1638/2015-0161.1.

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28

Schmidt, Volker, Linus Klasen, Juliane Schneider, Jens Hübel, and Michael Pees. "Characterization of Metarhizium viride Mycosis in Veiled Chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus), Panther Chameleons (Furcifer pardalis), and Inland Bearded Dragons (Pogona vitticeps)." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 55, no. 3 (2016): 832–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.02206-16.

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ABSTRACT Metarhizium viride has been associated with fatal systemic mycoses in chameleons, but subsequent data on mycoses caused by this fungus in reptiles are lacking. The aim of this investigation was therefore to obtain information on the presence of M. viride in reptiles kept as pets in captivity and its association with clinical signs and pathological findings as well as improvement of diagnostic procedures. Beside 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) (small subunit [SSU]) and internal transcribed spacer region 1 (ITS-1), a fragment of the large subunit (LSU) of 28S rDNA, including domain 1 (D1) and D2, was sequenced for the identification of the fungus and phylogenetic analysis. Cultural isolation and histopathological examinations as well as the pattern of antifungal drug resistance, determined by using agar diffusion testing, were additionally used for comparison of the isolates. In total, 20 isolates from eight inland bearded dragons ( Pogona vitticeps ), six veiled chameleons ( Chamaeleo calyptratus ), and six panther chameleons ( Furcifer pardalis ) were examined. Most of the lizards suffered from fungal glossitis, stomatitis, and pharyngitis or died due to visceral mycosis. Treatment with different antifungal drugs according to resistance patterns in all three different lizard species was unsuccessful. Sequence analysis resulted in four different genotypes of M. viride based on differences in the LSU fragment, whereas the SSU and ITS-1 were identical in all isolates. Sequence analysis of the SSU fragment revealed the first presentation of a valid large fragment of the SSU of M. viride . According to statistical analysis, genotypes did not correlate with differences in pathogenicity, antifungal susceptibility, or species specificity.

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29

Andreone, F., F. M. Guarino, and J. E. Randrianirina. "Life history traits, age profile, and conservation of the panther chameleon,Furcifer pardalis(Cuvier 1829), at Nosy Be, NW Madagascar." Tropical Zoology 18, no. 2 (2005): 209–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2005.10531221.

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30

Greenberg, Adam, and Petr Necas. "Greenberg, A. & P. Nečas (2020) Fluorescence Predicts Survival of Chameleon Eggs. Archaius 1 (2): 13-14." Archaius 1, no. 2 (2020): 13–14. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3763477.

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31

Ferguson, Gary W., J. R. Jones, W. H. Gehrmann, et al. "Indoor husbandry of the panther chameleonChamaeleo [Furcifer] pardalis: Effects of dietary vitamins A and D and ultraviolet irradiation on pathology and life-history traits." Zoo Biology 15, no. 3 (1996): 279–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2361(1996)15:3<279::aid-zoo7>3.0.co;2-8.

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32

Ferguson, Gary W., William H. Gehrmann, Tai C. Chen, and Michael F. Holick. "Vitamin D-content of the Eggs of the Panther Chameleon Furcifer pardalis: its Relationship to UVB Exposure/vitamin D-condition of Mother, Incubation and Hatching Success." Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery 15, no. 4 (2005): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5818/1529-9651.15.4.9.

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33

Necas, Petr. "Nečas, P. (2020) Panther Chameleon Challenges in Chameleonoculture: an integrative approach: wild – trade – captive propagation. – Archaius 1 (1): 6– 11." Archaius 1, no. 1 (2020): 6–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3751198.

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Стець, О. В. "УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ КЛАСИЧНОГО КОПРООВОСКОПІЧНОГО СПОСОБУ ФЛОТАЦІЇ ШЛЯХОМ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЗНЕЗОЛЕНИХ ФІЛЬТРІВ". Вісник Полтавської державної аграрної академії, № 3 (27 вересня 2019): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31210/visnyk2019.03.26.

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Діагностика є важливим етапом під час процесу лікування та забезпечення епізоотичного благо-получчя. Чим швидша і точніша діагностика, тим вищий рівень забезпечення лікувально-профілактичних заходів. На сьогоднішній час у світі розроблено чимало методів діагностики зараз-них і незаразних хвороб. Серед цих методів значну їх кількість використовують при дослідженнях інвазійних захворювань продуктивних тварин. Нині в літературі описано недостатньо методів що-до діагностики інвазійних хвороб для рептилій з невеликою масою тіла. Тому розробка ефективних та зручних методів діагностики паразитарних хвороб для вказаного виду тварин з малою масою ті-ла є актуальною задачею, що потребує розв’язання. Зважаючи на вищенаведене, метою наших дос-ліджень було вдосконалити класичний метод флотації за Фюллеборном для потреб лабораторій при дослідженні рептилій. Досліди проводили упродовж 2016–2018 рр. на базі лабораторії кафедри па-разитології та тропічної ветеринарії НУБіП України. Для копрологічних досліджень відбирали про-би фекалій від пантерових хамелеонів (Furcifer pardalis Cuvier, 1829). Провівши експериментальну частину роботи, виявлили, що вдосконалений нами метод флотації за допомогою знезолених фільт-рів виявився на 10 % ефективнішим порівняно з методом аналогом щодо якісного показника (кілько-сті позитивних зразків). Вивчаючи якісні показники ефективності копроовоскопічного методу діаг-ностики, зафіксовано, що він є високоефективним щодо яєць оксиурисів, оскільки дає змогу виявляти на 59,1 % більше яєць нематод порівняно зі способом прототипом (2,2±4,5 екз. яєць проти 0,9±1,9 екз. яєць). Дещо нижчий показник ефективності зареєстровано при виявленні яєць нематод виду Spinicauda freitasi. Встановлено, що пропонована методика дозволяє виявляти на 54,9 % більше яєць порівняно з класичним способом (18,4±32,4 екз. яєць проти 8,3±15,4 екз.). Також ця методика виявилася ефективнішою при виявленні яєць збуднику Hexametra angustiaecoides за класичний метод на 35,9 %. Отже, цей спосіб дає змогу виявляти ряд збудників нематодозів у пантерових хамелеонів, незважаючи на незначну кількість досліджуваного матеріалу.

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35

Ferguson, Gary W., William H. Gehrmann, Matthew S. Vaughan, et al. "Is the natural UV zone important for successful captive propagation of the Panther Chameleon ( Furcifer pardalis ); are different UVB irradiance exposures that generate a similar dose equally successful?" Zoo Biology 40, no. 2 (2021): 150–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zoo.21591.

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36

Solanes, Ferran, Koen Chiers, Marja J. L. Kik, and Tom Hellebuyck. "Gross, Histologic and Immunohistochemical Characteristics of Keratoacanthomas in Lizards." Animals 13, no. 3 (2023): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13030398.

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The present study describes the clinical behavior as well as the histopathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of keratoacanthomas (Kas) in three different saurian species. While Kas presented as two dermal lesions in a bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps), multicentric Kas were observed in three panther chameleons (Furcifer pardalis) and a veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus). Macroscopically, Kas presented as dome-shaped skin tumors with a centralized keratinous pearl and a diameter ranging from 0.1–1.5 cm. In all lizards, Kas were predominantly located at the dorsolateral body wall, and KA of the eyelid was additionally observed in three out of four chameleons. Histologically, KAs presented as relatively well-defined, circumscribed epidermal proliferations that consisted of a crateriform lesion containing a central keratinous pearl with minimally infiltrating borders. In all KAs, a consistent immunohistochemical pattern was observed, with the expression of cyclooxygenase-2, E-cadherin, and pan-cytokeratin. A follow-up period of one to two years was established in all lizards. While no recurrence was observed in the panther chameleons, recurrence of a single keratoacanthoma was observed in the bearded dragon after one year, and in the veiled chameleon, multicentric keratoacanthomas reappeared during a follow-up period of two years. We describe KA as a previously unrecognized neoplastic entity in lizards that constitutes a low-grade, non-invasive but rapidly growing skin tumor that may show a multicentric appearance, especially in chameleons. As previously postulated for dermal squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), artificial ultraviolet lighting may play an important role in the oncogenesis of KAs in lizards. Although dermal SCCs in lizards show similar predilection sites and gross pathologic features, our results suggest that KA should be considered as a histologic variant of SCC that represents a rather benign squamous proliferation in comparison to conventional SCCs. Early diagnosis of KA and reliable discrimination from SCCs are essential for the prognosis of this neoplastic entity in lizards.

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37

Necas, Petr, Sergii Prokopiev, Craig Durbin, Jurgen van Overbeke, and Christopher Roth. "Quadruplets, Triplets and Twins in Chameleons (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae)." Archaius 1, no. 3 (2020): 18–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4084993.

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Necas, Petr. "Nečas, P. (2020) Tongue Punching, an unknown secondary antipredatory function of the tongue-shooting in chameleons (Reptilia: Chamaeleonidae). – Archaius 1 (1): 1 – 3." Archaius 1, no. 1 (2020): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3751165.

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39

Wang, Yuyu, Ruyue Zhang, Yunlong Ma, et al. "Low-Coverage Whole Genomes Reveal the Higher Phylogeny of Green Lacewings." Insects 12, no. 10 (2021): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12100857.

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Green lacewings are one of the largest families within Neuroptera and are widely distributed all over the world. Many species within this group are important natural predators that are widely used for the biological control of pests in agricultural ecosystems. Several proposed phylogenetic relationships among the three subfamilies of Chrysopidae have been extensively debated. To further understand the higher phylogeny as well as the evolutionary history of Chrysopidae, we newly sequenced and analyzed the low-coverage genomes of 5 species (Apochrysa matsumurae, Chrysopa pallens, Chrysoperla furcifera, Italochrysa pardalina, Nothochrysa sinica), representing 3 subfamilies of Chrysopidae. There are 2213 orthologs selected to reconstruct the phylogenetic tree. Phylogenetic reconstruction was performed using both concatenation and coalescent-based approaches, based on different data matrices. All the results suggested that Chrysopinae were a monophyletic sister group to the branch Apochrysinae + Nothochrysinae. These results were completely supported, except by the concatenation analyses of the nt data matrix, which suggested that Apochrysinae were a sister group to Chrysopinae + Nothchrysinae. The different topology from the nt data matrix may have been caused by the limited sampling of Chrysopidae. The divergence time showed that Chrysopinae diverged from Apochrysinae + Nothochrysinae during the Early Cretaceous period (144–151 Ma), while Aporchrysinae diverged from Nothochrysinae around 117–133 Ma. These results will improve our understanding of the higher phylogeny of Chrysopidae and lay a foundation for the utilization of natural predators.

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Maddox, Max, Karissa Beloyan, Natalie M. Claunch, and Steve A. Johnson. "Florida's Nonnative Herpetofauna: Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus), Oustalet’s Chameleon (Furcifer oustaleti), and Panther Chameleon (Furcifer pardalis)." EDIS 2022, no. 6 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-uw501-2022.

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41

Rovatsos, Michail, Sofia Mazzoleni, Barbora Augstenová, et al. "Heteromorphic ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes sharing gene content with mammalian XX/XY are conserved in Madagascan chameleons of the genus Furcifer." Scientific Reports 14, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-55431-9.

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AbstractChameleons are well-known lizards with unique morphology and physiology, but their sex determination has remained poorly studied. Madagascan chameleons of the genus Furcifer have cytogenetically distinct Z and W sex chromosomes and occasionally Z1Z1Z2Z2/Z1Z2W multiple neo-sex chromosomes. To identify the gene content of their sex chromosomes, we microdissected and sequenced the sex chromosomes of F. oustaleti (ZZ/ZW) and F. pardalis (Z1Z1Z2Z2/Z1Z2W). In addition, we sequenced the genomes of a male and a female of F. lateralis (ZZ/ZW) and F. pardalis and performed a comparative coverage analysis between the sexes. Despite the notable heteromorphy and distinctiveness in heterochromatin content, the Z and W sex chromosomes share approximately 90% of their gene content. This finding demonstrates poor correlation of the degree of differentiation of sex chromosomes at the cytogenetic and gene level. The test of homology based on the comparison of gene copy number variation revealed that female heterogamety with differentiated sex chromosomes remained stable in the genus Furcifer for at least 20 million years. These chameleons co-opted for the role of sex chromosomes the same genomic region as viviparous mammals, lacertids and geckos of the genus Paroedura, which makes these groups excellent model for studies of convergent and divergent evolution of sex chromosomes.

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Claunch, Natalie M., Colin M. Goodman, Bryan M. Kluever, Narayani Barve, Robert P. Guralnick, and Christina M. Romagosa. "Commonly collected thermal performance data can inform species distributions in a data-limited invader." Scientific Reports 13, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43128-4.

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AbstractPredicting potential distributions of species in new areas is challenging. Physiological data can improve interpretation of predicted distributions and can be used in directed distribution models. Nonnative species provide useful case studies. Panther chameleons (Furcifer pardalis) are native to Madagascar and have established populations in Florida, USA, but standard correlative distribution modeling predicts no suitable habitat for F. pardalis there. We evaluated commonly collected thermal traits– thermal performance, tolerance, and preference—of F. pardalis and the acclimatization potential of these traits during exposure to naturally-occurring environmental conditions in North Central Florida. Though we observed temperature-dependent thermal performance, chameleons maintained similar thermal limits, performance, and preferences across seasons, despite long-term exposure to cool temperatures. Using the physiological data collected, we developed distribution models that varied in restriction: time-dependent exposure near and below critical thermal minima, predicted activity windows, and predicted performance thresholds. Our application of commonly collected physiological data improved interpretations on potential distributions of F. pardalis, compared with correlative distribution modeling approaches that predicted no suitable area in Florida. These straightforward approaches can be applied to other species with existing physiological data or after brief experiments on a limited number of individuals, as demonstrated here.

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Erokhina, Anna, Pia Cigler, Sandra Runft, and Michael Fehr. "Ovarian Torsion with Resulting Constipation in a Panther Chameleon (Furcifer pardalis)." Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery 31, no. 4 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.5818/jhms-s-20-00012.

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44

Claunch, Natalie M., Colin M. Goodman, Madison Harman, et al. "Dermatomycosis Caused by Paranannizziopsis australasiensis in Nonnative Panther Chameleons (Furcifer pardalis) Captured in Central Florida, USA." Journal of Wildlife Diseases 59, no. 2 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/jwd-d-22-00018.

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45

Perry, Sean Michael, Sarah Camlic, Ian Konsker, Michael Lierz, and Mark A. Mitchell. "Characterizing the Annual Reproductive Cycles of Captive Male Veiled Chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus) and Panther Chameleons (Furcifer pardalis)." Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery, December 29, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5818/jhms-d-22-00037.

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Chameleons represent one of the most endangered groups of lizards, with most being characterized as threatened or near-threatened. Anthropogenic impacts on their native habitat are responsible for their declines. To protect these animals, we must develop functional assisted reproductive programs. However, a full understanding of their basic reproductive biology is required to develop such a program. This study represents the first attempt at characterizing the reproductive cycles of male chameleons. Sixteen veiled chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus) and 16 panther chameleons (Furcifer pardalis) being housed in captivity under static conditions were used for this study. Chameleons were anesthetized twice monthly for semen collection via electroejaculation, blood sampling to measure plasma testosterone concentrations, and ultrasonographic testicular measurements. Plasma testosterone concentrations were found to be significantly different between species (P = 0.02) and the interaction of species and month (P = 0.04). In veiled chameleons, plasma testosterone concentrations were significantly elevated during October through December, while for panther chameleons, plasma testosterone concentrations were elevated in July through September, and December. Electroejaculation success was found to be seasonal in both species. In veiled chameleons, semen collection was highest in April, May, and June, while in panther chameleons semen collection success was highest in March, April, May, and June. Median spermatozoa concentrations for veiled and panther chameleons were 6.66 and 7.52 x 107 million sperm/mL, respectively. Motility was lower than expected for both veiled chameleon (median 23%) and panther chameleons (median 25%). Spermatozoa clumping was a common finding. The majority of the spermatozoa (mean 51%) were...

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Heng, Yirui, Shangari d/o Sekar, Rossella Panarese, Chia-Da Hsu, and Shangzhe Xie. "MANAGEMENT OF A FATAL OUTBREAK OF STRONGYLOIDIASIS IN A CAPTIVE POPULATION OF PANTHER CHAMELEONS (FURCIFER PARDALIS) WITH IVERMECTIN." Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 54, no. 2 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1638/2022-0132.

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Xie, Hongxin, Zixuan Chen, Shuai Pang, and Weiguo Du. "Efficient and highly continuous chromosome-level genome assembly of the first chameleon genome." Genome Biology and Evolution, July 22, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evad131.

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Abstract Most amniote genomes are diploid, moderate in size (approximately 1–6 Gbp), and contain a large proportion of repetitive sequences. The development of next-generation sequencing technology, especially the emergence of high-fidelity (HiFi) long-read data, has made it feasible to resolve high-quality genome assembly for non-model species efficiently. However, reference genomes for squamate reptiles has lagged behind other amniote lineages. Here we de novo assembled the first genome from the Chameleonidae family, the panther chameleon (Furcifer pardalis). We obtained telomere-to-telomere contigs using only HiFi data, reaching a contig N50 of 158.72 Mbp. The final chromosome-level assembly is 1.61 Gbp in size and 100% of primary contigs were placed to pseudochromosomes using Hi-C interaction data. We also found that sequencing depth &gt; 30 folds can ensure both the integrity and accuracy of the genome, while insufficient depth led to false increase in genome size and proportion of duplicated genes. We provide a high-quality reference genome valuable for evolutionary and ecological studies in chameleons as well as providing comparative genomic resources for squamate reptiles.

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Perry, Sean M., Mark J. Acierno, and Mark A. Mitchell. "Measuring the Level of Agreement between Osmometer and Calculated Plasma Osmolalities in Two Species of Chameleons, Furcifer pardalis and Chamaeleo calyptratus." Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery 31, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.5818/11-2020.

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49

Lorch, Jeffrey M., Megan E. Winzeler, Julia S. Lankton, et al. "Paranannizziopsis spp. infections in wild snakes and a qPCR assay for detection of the fungus." Frontiers in Microbiology 14 (December 6, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1302586.

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The emergence of ophidiomycosis (or snake fungal disease) in snakes has prompted increased awareness of the potential effects of fungal infections on wild reptile populations. Yet, aside from Ophidiomyces ophidiicola, little is known about other mycoses affecting wild reptiles. The closely related genus Paranannizziopsis has been associated with dermatomycosis in snakes and tuataras in captive collections, and P. australasiensis was recently identified as the cause of skin infections in non-native wild panther chameleons (Furcifer pardalis) in Florida, USA. Here we describe five cases of Paranannizziopsis spp. associated with skin lesions in wild snakes in North America and one additional case from a captive snake from Connecticut, USA. In addition to demonstrating that wild Nearctic snakes can serve as a host for these fungi, we also provide evidence that the genus Paranannizziopsis is widespread in wild snakes, with cases being identified in Louisiana (USA), Minnesota (USA), Virginia (USA), and British Columbia (Canada). Phylogenetic analyses conducted on multiple loci of the fungal strains we isolated identified P. australasiensis in Louisiana and Virginia; the remaining strains from Minnesota and British Columbia did not cluster with any of the described species of Paranannizziopsis, although the strains from British Columbia appear to represent a single lineage. Finally, we designed a pan-Paranannizziopsis real-time PCR assay targeting the internal transcribed spacer region 2. This assay successfully detected DNA of all described species of Paranannizziopsis and the two potentially novel taxa isolated in this study and did not cross-react with closely related fungi or other fungi commonly found on the skin of snakes. The assay was 100% sensitive and specific when screening clinical (skin tissue or skin swab) samples, although full determination of the assay’s performance will require additional follow up due to the small number of clinical samples (n = 14 from 11 snakes) available for testing in our study. Nonetheless, the PCR assay can provide an important tool in further investigating the prevalence, distribution, and host range of Paranannizziopsis spp. and facilitate more rapid diagnosis of Paranannizziopsis spp. infections that are otherwise difficult to differentiate from other dermatomycoses.

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