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Mariana, Mariana, and Ismed Setya Budi. "RESISTANCE OF LOCAL BANANA VARIETIES TO FUSARIUM WILT DISEASE." TROPICAL WETLAND JOURNAL 3, no. 1 (March 21, 2017): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/twj.v3i1.44.
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Fusarium wilt is one of the important banana diseases that lead to low quality and quantity of banana production. The objective of this study was to examine and study the resistance of some local banana varieties to fusarium wilt. Pathogens were isolated from the weevil of kepok banana (saba banana) that showed severe symptoms of Fusarium wilt. The inoculum was prepared by propagating the pathogens on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium. Inoculation was carried out using mycelium fragment suspension (12 mg hyphae mL-1 tween 20 0.05%). The roots of the two-week Ambon banana were injured and immersed in the suspension. Pathogens were determined using Koch's postulates. The varieties tested were seven (7) local banana varieties grown in South Kalimantan. Levels of resistance were determined based on the scale of Leaf Symptom Index (LSI). The pathogens were identified as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense. The results showed that there were differences in the levels of resistance; Kepok banana (highly susceptible); yellow Ambon, Awa, Susu, Mahuli and Talas bananas (susceptible), and Manggala banana (tolerant).
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Ploetz, Randy C. "Fusarium Wilt of Banana." Phytopathology® 105, no. 12 (December 2015): 1512–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-04-15-0101-rvw.
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Banana (Musa spp.) is one of the world’s most important fruits. In 2011, 145 million metric tons, worth an estimated $44 billion, were produced in over 130 countries. Fusarium wilt (also known as Panama disease) is one of the most destructive diseases of this crop. It devastated the ‘Gros Michel’-based export trades before the mid-1900s, and threatens the Cavendish cultivars that were used to replace it; in total, the latter cultivars are now responsible for approximately 45% of all production. An overview of the disease and its causal agent, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, is presented below. Despite a substantial positive literature on biological, chemical, or cultural measures, management is largely restricted to excluding F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense from noninfested areas and using resistant cultivars where the pathogen has established. Resistance to Fusarium wilt is poor in several breeding targets, including important dessert and cooking cultivars. Better resistance to this and other diseases is needed. The history and impact of Fusarium wilt is summarized with an emphasis on tropical race 4 (TR4), a ‘Cavendish’-killing variant of the pathogen that has spread dramatically in the Eastern Hemisphere.
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Pegg, KG, NY Moore, and S. Bentley. "Fusarium wilt of banana in Australia: a review." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 47, no. 5 (1996): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9960637.
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The history of Fusarium wilt of bananas (caused by F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense) and the research conducted on the disease in Australia is summarised in this review. Subjects covered include the classification of banana cultivars, the cultivars in production in the Australian banana industry, the distribution and diversity of the pathogen in Australia and pathogenicity and control of the disease.
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Le Thi, Loan, Arne Mertens, Dang Toan Vu, Tuong Dang Vu, Pham Le Anh Minh, Huy Nguyen Duc, Sander de Backer, et al. "Diversity of Fusarium associated banana wilt in northern Viet Nam." MycoKeys 87 (February 10, 2022): 53–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.87.72941.
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Fusarium is one of the most important fungal genera of plant pathogens that affect the cultivation of a wide range of crops. Agricultural losses caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) directly affect the income, subsistence, and nourishment of thousands of farmers worldwide. For Viet Nam, predictions on the impact of Foc for the future are dramatic, with an estimated loss in the banana production area of 8% within the next five years and up to 71% within the next 25 years. In the current study, we applied a combined morphological-molecular approach to assess the taxonomic identity and phylogenetic position of the different Foc isolates collected in northern Viet Nam. In addition, we aimed to estimate the proportion of the different Fusarium races infecting bananas in northern Viet Nam. The morphology of the isolates was investigated by growing the collected Fusarium isolates on four distinct nutritious media (PDA, SNA, CLA, and OMA). Molecular phylogenetic relationships were inferred by sequencing partial rpb1, rpb2, and tef1a genes and adding the obtained sequences into a phylogenetic framework. Molecular characterization shows that c. 74% of the Fusarium isolates obtained from infected banana pseudostem tissue belong to F. tardichlamydosporum. Compared to F. tardichlamydosporum, F. odoratissimum accounts for c.10% of the Fusarium wilt in northern Viet Nam, demonstrating that Foc TR4 is not yet a dominant strain in the region. Fusarium cugenangense – considered to cause Race 2 infections among bananas – is only found in c. 10% of the tissue material that was obtained from infected Vietnamese bananas. Additionally, one of the isolates cultured from diseased bananas was phylogenetically not positioned within the F. oxysporum species complex (FOSC), but in contrast, fell within the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC). As a result, a possible new pathogen for bananas may have been found. Besides being present on several ABB ‘Tay banana’, F. tardichlamydosporum was also derived from infected tissue of a wild Musa lutea, showing the importance of wild bananas as a possible sink for Foc.
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BUKHARI, BUKHARI, and NURYULSEN SAFRIDAR. "PENGARUH PEMBERIAN Trichoderma Sp UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM PADA BEBERAPA JENIS PISANG DI LAHAN YANG TELAH TERINFEKSI." Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian 15, no. 1 (August 1, 2018): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/jip.v15i1.1480.
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The experimental design used was a 4x4 factorial with 2 replications in a randomized block design (RAK) pattern. The first factor is the Type of Banana (J) consisting of 4 levels: J1 (Raja Banana ), J2 (Ambon Banana), J3 (Barangan Banana) and J4 (Geupok Banana). The second factor was the mixing of Trichoderma Sp with organic manure aplication (D) consisting of 4 levels: D0 (without trichoderma sp), D1 (200 g trichoderma sp in 4 kg manure), D2 (200 gr trichoderma sp in 8 kg manure), and D3 (200 gr trichoderma sp in 12 kg manure). Observations made include: Intensity of Fusarium oxysporum wilting attack, number of leaves, Leaf length and stem diameeter. The results showed that the type of banana had a very significant effect on the intensity of fusarium oxysporum wilt disease and the number of leaves, but no significant effect on the length and diameter of the stem. Barangan Bananas and Ambon Bananas show stronger resilience (more resistant to fusarium oxysporum wilt disease). While the Raja Banana and Geupok Bananas look more sensitive to the attack of the disease. The mixing of Trichoderma Sp with organic manure also significantly influenced the intensity of fusarium oxysporum wilt disease, number of banana leaf and leaf length, but no significant effect on stem diameter. The best dose is found in treatment D1, but not different from D2. An increase in the amount of organic matter manure
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Tanjung, Mei Rani, Abdul Munif, Yunus Effendi, and Efi Toding Tondok. "The Severity of Fusarium Wilt Disease in Correlation to the Abundance of Fusarium oxysporum and Phytonematodes: Case Study at Banana Plantation PTPN VIII Parakansalak." Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia 18, no. 5 (January 3, 2023): 222–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14692/jfi.18.5.222-230.
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The Severity of Fusarium Wilt Disease in Correlation to the Abundance of Fusarium oxysporum and Phytonematodes: Case Study at Banana Plantation PTPN VIII Parakansalak
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense is a soil-borne pathogen that infects banana plants and causes wilt. Several studies demonstrated that phytomatodes have a role in helping infection of the pathogens that cause wilt. This study aims to determine the relationship between phytonematodes and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense from soil and banana roots infected with fusarium wilt. Soil samples was obtained from infected banana plants and collected based on different scores of fusarium wilt disease severity. Samples were then composited based on the score, and the abundance of each pathogen is measured following samples extraction in the laboratory. The highest population of phytonematodes was 77 g-1 obtained from soil with a disease severity score of 4; and the lowest was 16 g-1 from samples with a score of 2. As for root samples, the highest population of phytonematodes (85 g-1) was obtained from plants with a score 0 and the lowest (33 g-1) was from plants with a score 3. Two species of phytonematodes were identified, i.e. Helicotylenchus sp. and Radopolus sp. Based on measurement using conventional methods showed that the abundance of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense was highest in plants with a score of 1, i.e. 8.1 × 103 cfu g-1 soil and lowest in plants with a score of 0 i.e. 1.0 × 103 cfu g-1 soil. The effect of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense to the severity of fusarium wilt shows a positive relationship of 8.3% and it may contribute to cause fusarium wilt disease by 0.6%. This pathogen can cause wilting of bananas without the help of the phytonematode species found in this study.
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Khan, Babar, Zuniara Akash, Shahzad Asad, Nazir Javed, Nasir A. Rajput, Abdul Jabbar, Wasi U. Din, and Rana M. Atif. "ANTAGONISTIC POTENTIAL OF TRICHODERMA HARZIANUM AGAINST FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. CUBENSE ASSOCIATED WITH PANAMA WILT OF BANANA." Pakistan Journal of Phytopathology 29, no. 1 (July 12, 2017): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.33866/phytopathol.029.01.0299.
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Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense is a soil loving pathogen of banana that can cause distortion of vascular system. It is responsible for the disease Fusarium wilt of bananas also renowned as panama wilt disease that has responsible of immense losses in the banana industry worldwide. In this study, diseased samples were collected from rhizosphere of banana plants in the research area of National Agriculture Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad and cultured on PDA to isolate pathogenic strains of F. oxysporium f. sp. cubense. Antagonistic potential of Trichoderma harzianum against F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense was evaluated under controlled conditions. T. harzianum produced up to 75.5% inhibition of colony growth of the pathogen followed by incubation for 72 h at 28+2°C in vitro. In pot culture T. harzianum considerably reduced disease severity. It proves that it is a potential biological control agent against banana wilt pathogen.
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Deng, Xiao, Qin Fen Li, Xian Wen Hou, and Chun Yuan Wu. "Soil Microbial Functional Diversity from Different Infection Grades of Banana Fusarium Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubense)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 2274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.2274.
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Thirty rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil samples from different infection grades(0, I, III, V and VII) of three typical banana plots(Jianfeng, Shiyuetian, Chongpo) infected by banana fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense) in Hainan province were collected to study the microbial community functional diversity applying Biolog-ECO microplates technology. The results are as follows: (1) Overall carbon source metabolic capacities of soil microbial community weaken with increasing of infection grades of banana fusarium wilt. (2) Richness indices, Simpson indices, Shannon indices and McIntosh indices of soil microbial community gradually decreased with increasing of infection grades of banana fusarium wilt. (3) Principal component analysis show that metabolic characteristics of soil microbial community significantly change between the healthy plants and diseased plants in the same banana plot. The results would provide information for explaining the pathogenesis of banana fusarium wilt and controlling its incidence by applying microbial ecology to regulate soil environmental measures.
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Bukhari, Bukhari, and Nuryulsen Safridar. "EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN Trichoderma sp UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM (Fusarium oxysporium) DAN PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT TANAMAN PISANG." Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian 14, no. 2 (March 15, 2018): 14–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/jip.v14i2.256.
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This research was conducted in Pante Cermin, Padang Tiji Subdistrict, Pidie District. in March to August 2015, with the aim to know the use efficienci of Trichoderma sp on the growth of several types of Banana seedlings (Musa Paracica L.) This research using Randomized Block Design (RAK) factorial pattern with the factors studied is the type of banana and trichoderma dose . Both factors consist of 4 levels: Banana Barangan (J1), Ambon banana (J2), Banana King (J3) and Geupok banana (J4). While the dose of Tricoderma sp is: TO = 0 g / seeds T1 = 15 g / seeds T2 = 30 g / seedlings and T3 = 45 g / seedlings. So there are 16 treatment combinations and repeated 3 times, which resulted in 48 experimental units.To determine the influence of each treatment and its interaction on the growth of banana seedlings, the analysis of variance (Test F) and continued with the test of Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) at 5% level.The results showed that the growth of good banana seedlings among 4 species studied was shown by Barangan bananas, but not unlike bananas. However, trichoderma administration until the age of 4 months has not shown the growth and intensity of different attacks. So it should be extended the study period to 6 months. After 6 months of research there has been a difference in growth and intensity of attack, where the intensity of the greatest attack is shown by T0 (without trichoderma). Medium intensity of smallest attack is shown by T3 (Dose trichoderma sp 45 gr / banana seedlings). The type of banana does not affect the growth and intensity of fusarium wilt attack. and the interaction of these two factors had no significant effect on the growth of banana seedlings and the intensity of Fusarium wilt disease.
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Nasir, Nasril, P. A. Pittaway, K. G. Pegg, and A. T. Lisle. "A pilot study investigating the complexity of Fusarium wilt of bananas in West Sumatra, Indonesia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, no. 7 (1999): 1279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar97079.
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Fusarium wilt symptoms were observed on 15 different banana cultivars growing in commercial plantations and backyard holdings, in 6 districts in the Province of West Sumatra, Indonesia. Affected cultivars included the most popular dessert bananas Pisang buai (AAA), Pisang raja (AAB), Pisang raja serai (AAB), and Pisang ambon (AAA). Disease symptoms were also observed on the most popular cooking banana Pisang kepok (ABB), formerly considered to be resistant. However, no disease symptoms were observed on wild Musa species. The 37 isolates of the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) recovered from the vascular tissue of the diseased bananas were assigned to the vegetative compatability groups (VCGs) 0120–01215, 0124, 01213–01216, 01218, and 01219. VCG 01216 was isolated from all districts, and from 14 of the 15 cultivars exhibiting wilt symptoms. However, the distribution of the other VCGs was more variable, reflecting the patterns of human migration within the different districts. Districts designated as expanding urban centres or as transmigration centres had a higher diversity of banana genotypes present, with a correspondingly higher diversity of VCGs isolated from the diseased plants. The traditional practice of transplanting banana suckers and rhizomes irrespective of the disease status of the parent plant, and the recent increase in the mobility of the Indonesian population, indicate that disease control strategies based on quarantine will not be effective. Accordingly, the selection of both popular dessert and cooking banana cultivars with resistance to VCG 01216 should be a priority for the control of Fusarium wilt in West Sumatra.
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Nurbailis, Nurbailis, and Martinius Martinius. "Pengaruh Kolonisasi Trichoderma spp. pada Akar Bibit Pisang terhadap Perkembangan Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense)." Jurnal Natur Indonesia 13, no. 3 (November 21, 2012): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jnat.13.3.220-225.
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The purpose of the research was to obtain the superior Trichoderma that had ability to colonize root with the resultbeing effective to supress Fusarium wilt desease and promote banana seedling growth. This experiment consistedof 2 factors and 4 replications. The first factor was Trichoderma spp. namely : A. Trichoderma koningii strain S6sh(TK-S6sh), B Trichoderma viride strain T1sk (TV-T1sk) and Trichoderma harzianum strain S10sh (TH-S10sh). Thesecond factor was the kind of banana namely a.Cavendis, b. Barangan and c. Kepok. The observation werecolonization ability, Fusarium wilt desease development and the banana seedling growth. The result showed thatTV-T1sk was the best spesies to colonize all banana seedling root. The highest colonization in Barangan bananaseedling root reached 80%. Trichoderma colonization in banana seedling root could suppress Fusarium wilt diseasedevelopment and increase banana seedling weight. Higher ability of Trichoderma to colonize banana seedling rootcaused lower disease incidence of Fusarium wilt and greater biomass of banana seedling. Interaction betweenTV-T1Sk and Barangan banana was the best in colonization, so they were effective to suppress Fusarium wiltdesease and increase banana seedling biomass.
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Bowen, Alison, Ryan Orr, Anna V. McBeath, Anthony Pattison, and Paul N. Nelson. "Suppressiveness or conduciveness to Fusarium wilt of bananas differs between key Australian soils." Soil Research 57, no. 2 (2019): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr18159.
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Soils are known to differ in suppressiveness to soil-borne diseases, but the suppressiveness or otherwise to Fusarium wilt of Australian soils used to grow bananas is unknown. In this work we tested the relative suppressiveness of six key soil types. Banana (Musa (AAB group) ‘Pome’, cultivar ‘Lady Finger’) was grown in pots of the soils inoculated or not with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) ‘Race 1’. Sixteen weeks after inoculation the plants were harvested and disease severity was assessed by measuring discoloration within the rhizome. In the inoculated pots, disease severity was greatest in the alluvial Liverpool and Virgil soils and least in the basaltic origin Tolga soil. No disease was detected in the non-inoculated pots. Soils with the lowest disease severity had the highest root mass, irrespective of inoculation, and the largest (negative) effect of inoculation on root dry mass. Disease severity in inoculated pots was negatively correlated with soil clay content and β-glucosidase activity. The results indicate that the risk of Fusarium wilt negatively impacting banana growth differs between soils of the main Australian banana-growing region.
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Nurbailis, Martinius, and H. Adriansyah. "COLONIZATION CAPABILITY OF TRICHODERMA VIRIDE (T1SK) ON SEVERAL BANANA CULTIVAR ROOTS AND ITS EFFECT AGAINST DEVELOPMENT OF FUSARIUM WILT DISEASE AND PLANT GROWTH." Journal of Biopesticides 9, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 196–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.9.2.196-203.
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Fusarium wilt desease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubence (Foc) one the important desease on banana around the world. The purpose of this research was to recognize surface and endophytic colonization capability of Trichoderma viride (T1sk) on several banana cultivar roots and its effect against Fusarium wilt disease and increasing banana seedling growth. The experiment was divided into 2 parts that were colonization effect against Fusarium wilt disease development and colonization capability of T. viride (T1sk) on roots of several banana cultivars. The parameters observed were: 1) surface and endophytic colonization capability of T. viride (T1sk) on various banana seedling roots, 2) incubation period, 3) percentage of symptomatic leaves, 4) increase of leaves amount, 5) increase of plant height, 6) Stem circle and 7)dry weight of banana seedling biomass. The result showed that highest surface colonization capability of T. viride (T1sk) found in Barangan and Kepok cultivars and endophyte colonization found in Kepok cultivar. The surface colonization capability of T viride (T1sk) on the roots of Barangan and kepok reached 93, 33% and the ability of being endophyte 43, 33% and 38, 33% could reduce Fusarium wilt disease on banana seedling and increase seedling growth.
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Ye, Huichun, Wenjiang Huang, Shanyu Huang, Bei Cui, Yingying Dong, Anting Guo, Yu Ren, and Yu Jin. "Recognition of Banana Fusarium Wilt Based on UAV Remote Sensing." Remote Sensing 12, no. 6 (March 13, 2020): 938. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12060938.
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Fusarium wilt (Panama disease) of banana currently threatens banana production areas worldwide. Timely monitoring of Fusarium wilt disease is important for the disease treatment and adjustment of banana planting methods. The objective of this study was to establish a method for identifying the banana regions infested or not infested with Fusarium wilt disease using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based multispectral imagery. Two experiments were conducted in this study. In experiment 1, 120 sample plots were surveyed, of which 75% were used as modeling dataset for model fitting and the remaining were used as validation dataset 1 (VD1) for validation. In experiment 2, 35 sample plots were surveyed, which were used as validation dataset 2 (VD2) for model validation. An UAV equipped with a five band multispectral camera was used to capture the multispectral imagery. Eight vegetation indices (VIs) related to pigment absorption and plant growth changes were chosen for determining the biophysical and biochemical characteristics of the plants. The binary logistic regression (BLR) method was used to assess the spatial relationships between the VIs and the plants infested or not infested with Fusarium wilt. The results showed that the banana Fusarium wilt disease can be easily identified using the VIs including the green chlorophyll index (CIgreen), red-edge chlorophyll index (CIRE), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and normalized difference red-edge index (NDRE). The fitting overall accuracies of the models were greater than 80%. Among the investigated VIs, the CIRE exhibited the best performance both for the VD1 (OA = 91.7%, Kappa = 0.83) and VD2 (OA = 80.0%, Kappa = 0.59). For the same type of VI, the VIs including a red-edge band obtained a better performance than that excluding a red-edge band. A simulation of imagery with different spatial resolutions (i.e., 0.5-m, 1-m, 2-m, 5-m, and 10-m resolutions) showed that good identification accuracy of Fusarium wilt was obtained when the resolution was higher than 2 m. As the resolution decreased, the identification accuracy of Fusarium wilt showed a decreasing trend. The findings indicate that UAV-based remote sensing with a red-edge band is suitable for identifying banana Fusarium wilt disease. The results of this study provide guidance for detecting the disease and crop planting adjustment.
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Widyantoro, Arief, and Artini Artini. "First Morphological Detection of Non-Quarantine Pest Causing Banana Wilt in Morotai Island." Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 35, no. 2 (September 19, 2020): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/carakatani.v35i2.41692.
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<p>There are two symptoms of wilting in banana plants that have been widely known, namely fusarium wilt and bacterial wilt. The symptoms of banana wilt usually are attributed to pathogenic fungi. Wilting symptoms on the leaves are usually accompanied by leaf spot, leaf streak, leaf speckle and anthracnose. Recent quarantine pest<em> </em>reports have found the symptoms of banana wilt in Morotai Island, Indonesia. The pathogens attack many local cultivars of banana plants including Mas, Ambon, Kepok and Nangka. The study aimed to establish the morphological characters of the pathogens that cause banana wilt. Descriptive research began with the sampling of diseased symptomatic leaves, field data reports and identification of pathogenic morphological characters in the laboratory. The variable observed were the disease symptoms, color and shape of mycelia, conidia, kinds of the pathogens and their growth on agar medium. The results showed that there was no quarantine pest on the symptomatic banana samples. There were two non-quarantine pests that had been identified, i.e <em>Fusarium oxysporum</em> causing fusarium wilt and <em>Cladosporium musae</em> causing leaf speckle.</p>
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Ujat, Anysia Hedy, Ganesan Vadamalai, Yukako Hattori, Chiharu Nakashima, Clement Kiing Fook Wong, and Dzarifah Zulperi. "Current Classification and Diversity of Fusarium Species Complex, the Causal Pathogen of Fusarium Wilt Disease of Banana in Malaysia." Agronomy 11, no. 10 (September 28, 2021): 1955. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11101955.
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The re-emergence of the Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium odoratissimum (F. odoratissimum) causes global banana production loss. Thirty-eight isolates of Fusarium species (Fusarium spp.) were examined for morphological characteristics on different media, showing the typical Fusarium spp. The phylogenetic trees of Fusarium isolates were generated using the sequences of histone gene (H3) and translation elongation factor gene (TEF-1α). Specific primers were used to confirm the presence of F. odoratissimum. The phylogenetic trees showed the rich diversity of the genus Fusarium related to Fusarium wilt, which consists of F. odoratissimum, Fusarium grosmichelii, Fusarium sacchari, and an unknown species of the Fusarium oxysporum species complex. By using Foc-TR4 specific primers, 27 isolates were confirmed as F. odoratissimum. A pathogenicity test was conducted for 30 days on five different local cultivars including, Musa acuminata (AAA, AA) and Musa paradisiaca (AAB, ABB). Although foliar symptoms showed different severity of those disease progression, vascular symptoms of the inoculated plantlet showed that infection was uniformly severe. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Fusarium oxysporum species complex related to Fusarium wilt of banana in Malaysia is rich in diversity, and F. odoratissimum has pathogenicity to local banana cultivars in Malaysia regardless of the genotype of the banana plants.
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Salvacion, A. R., T. C. Solpot, C. J. R. Cumagun, I. B. Pangga, D. B. Magcale-Macandog, P. C. Sta Cruz, R. B. Saludes, and E. A. Aguilar. "Exploring environmental determinants of Fusarium wilt occurrence on banana in South Central Mindanao, Philippines." Hellenic Plant Protection Journal 12, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hppj-2019-0008.
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Summary This study used Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) to explore potential environmental determinants of Fusarium wilt occurrence on banana in south-central part of the Philippines. Different variables representing topographic, bioclimatic, and edaphic features of an area were tested against data of Fusarium wilt occurrence. Based on the results, precipitation during the driest month, precipitation during the wettest month, precipitation of the warmest quarter, slope, and elevation were the most important variables for predicting the probability of Fusarium wilt occurrence on banana. Results also suggest that among the variables tested, precipitation had the major contribution to the occurrence of Fusarium wilt.
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Yi, Ung, Sakimin Siti Zaharah, Siti Izera Ismail, and Mohamed Hanafi Musa. "Effect of Aqueous Neem Leaf Extracts in Controlling Fusarium Wilt, Soil Physicochemical Properties and Growth Performance of Banana (Musa spp.)." Sustainability 13, no. 22 (November 9, 2021): 12335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132212335.
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Neem leaf extracts (NLEs) have frequently been used to inhibit plant diseases and for the development of bio-fertilizer, leading to the commercial exploitation of this tree. However, previous studies have indicated contradictory outcomes when NLE was used as an antifungal disease treatment and bio-fertilizer applied through the soil on several crops, including banana. Therefore, the present investigation was undertaken to examine the physicochemical properties of soil, the growth performance of crops, and the severity of diseases caused by Fusarium oxysporum (Foc) on Cavendish bananas treated with aqueous NLE. Banana plants associated with the fungus were significantly affected by high disease severity and symptoms index (external leaves and internal rhizome), a high infection percentage of Fusarium wilt (%), dropping off of leaves as well as rotting of the root. Meanwhile, it was observed that the application of extract significantly improved the crop height, stem diameter, root size and distribution (root surface area, root diameter, and root volume), root–shoot ratio, as well as the soil physicochemical properties (CEC, N, p, K, Ca, and Mg), which enhanced resistance to Fusarium wilt diseases. We conclude that the application of NLE solution promotes better growth of Cavendish banana plants, soil physicochemical properties, and resistance to Fusarium wilt infection.
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Cheng, Chunzhen, Fan Liu, Bin Wang, Pengyan Qu, Jiapeng Liu, Yongyan Zhang, Wei Liu, Zheng Tong, and Guiming Deng. "Influences of Serendipita indica and Dictyophorae echinovolvata on the Growth and Fusarium Wilt Disease Resistance of Banana." Biology 11, no. 3 (March 2, 2022): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11030393.
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Recently, many control methods have been tried and applied in the Fusarium wilt disease control of banana and have achieved definite progresses. In this study, by using ‘Zhongjiao No.3’ and ‘Zhongjiao No.4’ banana seedlings as materials, the effects of Serendipita indica and bamboo fungus (Dictyophorae echinovolvata) culture substrates on the growth and Fusarium wilt disease resistance of banana were investigated. Results showed that the plant height, leaf length, leaf width, root length and root thickness, aboveground part fresh weight, root fresh weight, and relative chlorophyll content and nitrogen content in leaves of banana seedlings colonized with S. indica were all greater than those of non-colonized controls, while these parameters of banana seedlings grown in nutrient soil containing D. echinovolvata culture substrates were significantly suppressed. Both S. indica non-colonized and colonized seedlings cultivated in nutrient containing 1/4 D. echinovolvata culture substrates showed much milder symptoms compared with those cultivated in normal nutrient soil, indicating that the addition of bamboo fungus substrates to the soil can enhance the Fusarium wilt resistance of banana. The results obtained in this study can provide a basis for the application of S. indica and bamboo fungus in the prevention and control of banana Fusarium wilt disease.
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Momanyi, Kennedy Moseti, James Wanjohi Muthomi, and John Wangai Kimenju. "Fusarium Wilt of Banana in Kisii County, Kenya." Current Agriculture Research Journal 9, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/carj.9.1.03.
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Banana categorized as third in world’s key starch crops after cassava and sweet potatoes and it is the fourth most widely grown crop after rice, wheat and maize. The crop accounts for over 70 % of farmer’s earnings in Kisii county of Kenya. Farmers growing the crop are facing several challenges including depletion of soil fertility, low yields and diseases especially Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc). A study was conducted to determine the status of this disease in Kisii County. Ten farms were sampled in each Agro-ecological zone and in each farm four symptomatic and four non-symptomatic mats were sampled. Incidence was determined by relating banana seedlings affected and the total number of banana seedlings planted while severity was determined by measuring the extent of the damage/brown discoloration of the stem in length. Banana roots and pseudostem cuttings that were infected with the disease were used for isolation of the pathogen.Fusarium wilt is common in banana producing regions of Kisii County, however, the management practices are poor and do not meet the required strategies for controlling the disease. It was established that only; wood-ash and poultry manure were used by a few farmers in managing this disease. Present report is an attempt to improve the understanding of distribution and diversity of Foc in banana producing regions of Kisii County thereby aiding formulation of appropriate mitigation measures which the farmers can adopt locally.
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Ahmad, Fajarudin, Nani M. Martawi, Yuyu S. Poerba, Hans de Jong, Henk Schouten, and Gert H. J. Kema. "Genetic mapping of Fusarium wilt resistance in a wild banana Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis accession." Theoretical and Applied Genetics 133, no. 12 (September 12, 2020): 3409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00122-020-03677-y.
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Abstract Banana is an important fruit and food crop, but is threatened by Fusarium wilt, one of the most devastating soil-borne fungal diseases. Only host resistance facilitates banana cultivation in infested soils around the world, but the genetic basis of Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB) is unknown. We selfed a heterozygous wild banana accession Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis (Mam, AA, 2n = 22) to generate a mapping population and to investigate the inheritance of resistance to Race 1 and tropical race 4 (TR4) that cause FWB. Phenotyping (N = 217) revealed segregation for resistance, and genotyping by sequencing resulted in 2802 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphic markers (SNPs) that were used for genetic mapping. Combined analyses of these data showed that a single dominant resistance locus controls resistance to Race 1 and maps near the distal part of chromosome 10. Recombinants, together with the position of the putative resistance gene, were further analysed using graphical genotyping, which retrieved markers flanking a 360 kb genetic region that associates with Race 1 resistance. The region contains 165 putative genes on the reference genome, including 19 leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase-like genes. At the same position and phase, we also identified a QTL for TR4 resistance, showing that the locus for resistance against Race 1 provided partial resistance to TR4. However, this effect was far less significant and hence not included in the mapping. These data support the breeding of new banana varieties with resistance to Fusarium wilt.
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Belgrove, A., C. Steinberg, and A. Viljoen. "Evaluation of Nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum and Pseudomonas fluorescens for Panama Disease Control." Plant Disease 95, no. 8 (August 2011): 951–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-10-0409.
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Nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum endophytes from healthy banana roots were evaluated for their ability to reduce Fusarium wilt of banana (Panama disease). Isolates were identified morphologically and by using species-specific primers. Pathogenicity was confirmed by inoculating banana plantlets in the greenhouse. Nonpathogenic F. oxysporum isolates were grouped into 14 haplotype groups by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the intergenic spacer region, and representative isolates evaluated for biocontrol of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense. In the greenhouse, 10 nonpathogenic F. oxysporum isolates were able to significantly reduce Fusarium wilt of banana. The isolate that protected banana plantlets best in the greenhouse, a nonpathogenic F. oxysporum from the root rhizosphere, and Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS 417 were then field tested. When the putative biological control organisms were tested in the field, neither the nonpathogenic F. oxysporum, P. fluorescens, nor combinations thereof reduced Fusarium wilt development significantly. A number of factors could contribute to the lack of field protection, including soil microbial and chemical composition and reduced survival of biocontrol organisms in banana roots. A lack of knowledge regarding the etiology of Fusarium wilt of ‘Cavendish’ banana in the subtropics and the effect of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense race and banana cultivar in protection of banana by biocontrol organisms should be further investigated.
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Sumardiyono, Christanti, Suharyanto Suharyanto, Suryanti Suryanti, Putri Rositasari, and Yufita Dwi Chinta. "DETEKSI PENGIMBASAN KETAHANAN PISANG TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM DENGAN ASAM FUSARAT (INDUCED RESISTANCE DETECTION OF BANANA AGAINST FUSARIUM WILT USING FUSARIC ACID)." Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia 19, no. 1 (November 16, 2016): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpti.16345.
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Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is the most destructive disease of banana. Until today this disease has not been successfully controlled. Fusaric acid is a toxin produced by Foc. Tyloses produced inxylem that caused wilting and yellowing of banana plants, inhibit soil nutrition and water stream. The study carried out previously showed that enriched fusaric acid in banana culture induced the resistance of banana seedlings against Foc. The signal of induced resistance increased the phenolic compounds. One of the phenolic compounds is salicylic acid. The aim of this study was to detect induced resistance of banana plant from tissue cultured enriched with fusaric acid. The experiment was done in the field highly infected with Foc. Observation of resistance was done by measuring disease percentage of yellowing and wilting leaves.Tyloses produced in xylem was observed microscopically from cross section of root. Root damage intensity was counted using tyloses score. Salicylic acid content of root was analyzed with phenolic compounds method using HPLC. The results showed that banana plants from enriched tissues culture with 1.165 ppm of fusaric acid increased the resistance against Foc, but salicylic acid was not detected. Salicylic acid was only detected at low concentration (2 ppb) in moderate resistant banana roots from induced plants with 9.32 ppm of fusaric acid. The chromatogram showed three peaks of unknown phenolic compounds. Tyloses intensity was not related with induced resistance of banana against fusarium wilt. Advanced research is needed with more plants samples. It was suggested to identify the phenolic compounds which were detected in induced resistant plant.Keywords: banana, fusaric acid, fusarium wilt, induced resistance, salicylic acidLayu fusarium yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) adalah penyakit yang sangat merusak pada pisang dan belum dapat dikendalikan secara tuntas. Gejala berupa kelayuan daun karena tersumbatnya xilem karenapembentukan tilosis yaitu pertumbuhan sel dalam jaringan xilem. Pengimbasan ketahanan diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu cara pengendalian penyakit layu fusarium. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan penambahan asam fusaratdalam kultur jaringan dapat mengimbas ketahanan bibit pisang terhadap penyakit layu fusarium. Asam salisilat adalah salah satu signal ketahanan yang akan meningkat kandungannya bila terjadi peningkatan ketahanan akibat pengimbasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi hasil pengimbasan ketahanan pisang dengan asam fusarat dalam kultur jaringan. Tanaman telah ditanam di lapangan yang terinfeksi berat oleh Foc. Intensitas penyakit di lapang diamati dengan menghitung persentase daun menguning dan atau layu. Intensitas kerusakan akar diamati dengan pembuatan irisan tipis dan pengamatan tilosis dengan cara skoring. Analisis asam salisilat dalam akar dilakukan dengan metode analisis senyawa fenol menggunakan HPLC. Hasil penelitian tanaman dari bibit yang diimbas dengan 1,165 ppm asam fusarat dalam kultur jaringan menunjukkan peningkatan ketahanan di lapang. Intensitas tilosis lebih rendah pada tanaman yang diimbas ketahanannya dibandingkan yang tidak diimbas. Asam salisilat dalam tanaman yang diimbas ketahannnya denganasam fusarat 9,32 ppm terdeteksi pada konsentrasi yang sangat rendah yaitu 2 ppb, dengan ketahanan moderat. Pada tanaman hasil pengimbasan yang menunjukkan kriteria tahan asam salisilat tidak terdeteksi, namun terdeteksi tigapuncak senyawa fenol yang belum teridentifikasi. Intensitas tilosis pada tanaman yang diimbas ketahanannya tidak menunjukkan penurunan dibandingkan dengan tanaman yang tidak diperlakukan. Penelitian ini perlu dilanjutkan dengan sampel yang lebih banyak. Identifikasi jenis senyawa fenol perlu dilakukan dalam penelitian lanjutan.Kata kunci: asam fusarat, asam salisilat, layu fusarium, pengimbasan ketahanan, pisang
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Ndayihanzamaso, P., P. Karangwa, D. Mostert, G. Mahuku, G. Blomme, F. Beed, R. Swennen, and A. Viljoen. "The development of a multiplex PCR assay for the detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense lineage VI strains in East and Central Africa." European Journal of Plant Pathology 158, no. 2 (August 2, 2020): 495–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-020-02092-9.
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Abstract Banana is a staple food and cash crop grown in East and Central Africa (ECA). The main banana varieties grown in ECA are the East African highland bananas (EAHB), although dessert/beer bananas such as Sukari Ndizi, Kayinja (Pisang Awak) and Gros Michel are also produced due to their high value at local markets. The Fusarium wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) causes disease of susceptible dessert/beer bananas, which significantly reduces yields. Banana Fusarium wilt is managed by excluding the pathogen from disease-free areas and by planting disease-resistant varieties in infested fields. Six phylogenetically closely-related vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) of Foc, VCGs 0124, 0125, 0128, 01212, 01220 and 01222 are present in ECA, which all group together in Foc Lineage VI. Rapid and accurate detection of Foc Lineage VI strains is thus important to prevent its spread to disease-free areas. In this study, molecular markers specific to Foc Lineage VI were therefore developed. Primer sets were then combined in a multiplex PCR assay, and validated on a worldwide population of 623 known Foc isolates, other formae speciales and non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum isolates. The Foc Lineage VI multiplex PCR was used to identify Foc isolates collected in banana fields at five locations in Uganda and Tanzania. Foc Lineage VI DNA was detected at a concentration as low as 0.1 ng/μl, both in the absence and presence of banana DNA, and can therefore be used as an accurate diagnostic tool for Foc Lineage VI strains.
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Yang, Lihua, You Zhou, Lijia Guo, Laying Yang, Jun Wang, Changcong Liang, and Junsheng Huang. "The Effect of Banana Rhizosphere Chemotaxis and Chemoattractants on Bacillus velezensis LG14-3 Root Colonization and Suppression of Banana Fusarium Wilt Disease." Sustainability 15, no. 1 (December 26, 2022): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15010351.
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Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) causes banana Fusarium wilt disease, which is a destructive soil-borne disease. Many plants can recruit rhizosphere microorganisms using their root exudates, thereby shaping the rhizosphere microbiome to resist pathogen infection. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the role of root exudates in the process of biocontrol strain colonization and resistance to pathogens. In this study, the banana root exudates used as chemoattractants were obtained by hydroponics. Bacillus velezensis strain LG14-3 was isolated from the infected area of the root system of banana and showed significant chemotaxis to banana root exudates and strong inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Further analysis found that LG14-3 showed chemotaxis toward the components of banana root exudates, such as citric acid, succinic acid, glycine, D-galactose and D-maltose, and glycine and citric acid, which resulted in more significant chemotaxis of LG14-3. Moreover, banana root exudates enhanced the swarming motility and biofilm formation of LG14-3. Pot experiments showed that glycine and citric acid enhanced the colonization ability of Bacillus velezensis LG14-3 in the banana rhizosphere and reduced the disease severity index of banana fusarium wilt. Glycine and citric acid enhanced the growth-promoting ability of LG14-3 under pathogen stress. Our results showed that the addition of chemotactic substances enhanced the biocontrol potential of Bacillus velezensis LG14-3 to prevent banana Fusarium wilt.
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Deng, Xiao, Qin Fen Li, Chun Yuan Wu, and Jing Kun Liu. "Influence of the Number of Pathogen Causing Banana Fusarium Wilt and Soil Factors on the Infection Degree of Banana Plants." Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 1989–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.1989.
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Banana fusarium wilt is one of the soil-borne diseases of seriously threat to banana production in the world. However, there is no effective method for prevention. The objective was providing theoretical basis for field diagnosis of banana fusarium wilt. Thirty rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil samples were collected from three typical banana plots (Jianfeng, Shiyuetian, Chongpo) infected by banana fusarium wilt. Applying dilution plate method to estimate the pathogenic number, fourteen soil physicochemical properties and nutrient concentrations were chemically determined. Results showed that pathogenic number and nutrient concentrations in rhizosphere soil were higher than non-rhizosphere soil, the pathogenic number and pH in rhizosphere soils significantly increased with increasing of plant infection grades, while the concentrations of available P and B decreased with increasing of plant infection grades. It was concluded that infection degree of banana plants was mainly determined by pathogenic number, pH and the concentrations of available P and B.
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Álvarez-López, Dulce, Virginia Aurora Herrera-Valencia, Elsa Góngora-Castillo, Sergio García-Laynes, Carlos Puch-Hau, Luisa Alhucema López-Ochoa, Gabriel Lizama-Uc, and Santy Peraza-Echeverria. "Genome-Wide Analysis of the LRR-RLP Gene Family in a Wild Banana (Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis) Uncovers Multiple Fusarium Wilt Resistance Gene Candidates." Genes 13, no. 4 (April 2, 2022): 638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13040638.
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Banana is the most popular fruit in the world, with a relevant role in food security for more than 400 million people. However, fungal diseases cause substantial losses every year. A better understanding of the banana immune system should facilitate the development of new disease-resistant cultivars. In this study, we performed a genome-wide analysis of the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein (LRR-RLP) disease resistance gene family in a wild banana. We identified 78 LRR-RLP genes in the banana genome. Remarkably, seven MaLRR-RLPs formed a gene cluster in the distal part of chromosome 10, where resistance to Fusarium wilt caused by Foc race 1 has been previously mapped. Hence, we proposed these seven MaLRR-RLPs as resistance gene candidates (RGCs) for Fusarium wilt. We also identified seven other banana RGCs based on their close phylogenetic relationships with known LRR-RLP proteins. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis of the banana, rice, and Arabidopsis LRR-RLP families revealed five major phylogenetic clades shared by these plant species. Finally, transcriptomic analysis of the MaLRR-RLP gene family in plants treated with Foc race 1 or Foc TR4 showed the expression of several members of this family, and some of them were upregulated in response to these Foc races. Our study provides novel insights into the structure, distribution, evolution, and expression of the LRR-RLP gene family in bananas as well as valuable RGCs that will facilitate the identification of disease resistance genes for the genetic improvement of this crop.
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Castillo, Arfe, Cecirly Puig, and Christian Cumagun. "Non-Synergistic Effect of Trichoderma harzianum and Glomus spp. in Reducing Infection of Fusarium Wilt in Banana." Pathogens 8, no. 2 (March 31, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8020043.
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Philippine banana is currently threatened by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 (FocR4). This study investigated the use of Trichoderma harzianum pre-treated with Glomus spp, as a means of managing Fusarium wilt on young ‘Lakatan’ banana seedlings. Results showed that Glomus applied basally significantly improved banana seedling growth with increased increment in plant height and pseudostem diameter and heavier root weight. The application of Glomus spp. alone offered 100% protection to the ‘Lakatan’ seedlings against FocR4 as indicated by the absence of the wilting symptom. A combination of T. harzianum and Glomus spp. also gave significant effect against Fusarium wilt through delayed disease progression in the seedlings but was not synergistic. Competitive effects were suspected when application of the two biological control agents on banana roots was done simultaneously.
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Nurbailis, Nurbailis, and Martinius Martinius. "PEMANFAATAN BAHAN ORGANIK SEBAGAI PEMBAWA UNTUK PENINGKATAN KEPADATAN POPULASI TRICHODERMA VIRIDE PADA RIZOSFIR PISANG DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM." Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 11, no. 2 (May 30, 2011): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.211177-184.
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The aims of the research were to determine the best organic matter as carrier for growth and increasing the density of Trichoderma viride strain TV-T1sk (TV-T1sk) and its influence on Fusarium wilt disease development on banana seedling. This research consisted of two experiments, i.e. (1). Growth testing of TV-T1sk in various organic matter, (2). Various organic matter testing for increasing the density of TV-T1sk in banana rhizosphere and its influence on Fusarium wilt desease development. The treatments were various organic matter, namely rice straw, sugar cane pulp, rice bran+banana plant waste, hull of rice+sugar cane pulp and rice. The variables observed were density and viability of conidia on various organic matter. Propagule density after introduction to banana rhizosphere was determined by observing TV-T1sk propagul from the rizosphere of banana seedling. The influence of density on Fusarium wilt disease development was determined by incubation period, the percentage of symptomized leaves and the intensity of corm damage. The results showed that both sugar cane pulp and rice were the best organic matter for increasing the growth and the density of TV-T1sk after introduction to banana rhizosphere. The density of TV-T1sk propagule on banana rhizophere influenced the development of Fusarium wilt disease.
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Wang, Beibei, Mingze Sun, Jinming Yang, Zongzhuan Shen, Yannan Ou, Lin Fu, Yan Zhao, Rong Li, Yunze Ruan, and Qirong Shen. "Inducing banana Fusarium wilt disease suppression through soil microbiome reshaping by pineapple–banana rotation combined with biofertilizer application." SOIL 8, no. 1 (January 19, 2022): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soil-8-17-2022.
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Abstract. Crop rotation and biofertilizer application have historically been employed as efficient management strategies for soil-borne disease suppression through soil microbiome manipulation. However, how this occurs and to what extent the combination of methods affects the microbiota reconstruction of diseased soil is unknown. In this study, pineapple–banana rotation combined with biofertilizer application was used to suppress banana Fusarium wilt disease, and the effects on both bacterial and fungal communities were investigated using the MiSeq Illumina sequencing platform. Our results showed that pineapple–banana rotation significantly reduced Fusarium wilt disease incidence and the application of biofertilizer caused additional suppression. Bacterial and fungal communities thrived using rotation combined with biofertilizer application: taxonomic and phylogenetic α diversity of both bacteria and fungi increased along with disease suppression. Between the two strategies, biofertilizer application predominantly affected both bacterial and fungal community composition compared to rotation. Burkholderia genus may have been attributed to the general wilt suppression for its change in network structure and high relative importance in linear models. Our results indicated that pineapple–banana rotation combined with biofertilizer application has strong potential for the sustainable management of banana Fusarium wilt disease.
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Ivayani, Ivayani, Cipta Ginting, Yusnita Yusnita, and Suskandini Ratih Dirmawati. "EFFECTIVENESS OF THE APPLICATION OF ORGANIC MATTER AND TRICHODERMA VIRIDE FROM SUPPRESIVE SOIL TO CONTROL FUSARIUM WILT ON BANANA PLANT." JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA 18, no. 2 (March 26, 2019): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.218119-126.
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Effectiveness of the application of organic matter and Trichoderma viride from suppresive soil to control fusarium wilt on banana plant. Fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense is one of the problems in banana production. This research was aimed to evaluate the effect of Trichoderma viride isolated from suppresive soil and organic matter on controlling fusarium wilt on banana plant. The efficcacy trial consisted of 12 treatments and four replications within each treatment. Each experimental unit consisted of 10 plants. Organic matters used were rice straw, cassava peel, and compost. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design. Data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by orthogonal analysis (P≤0.05). Application of T. viride suppressed disease incident up to 65%. The highest disease incident occurred in plants treated without T. viride and organic matter and in plants treated with organic matter only (78.33%). Disease incidence in plants treated with T.viride was lower than those treated with the combination of T. viride and organic matter. Different application times (in nursery or soil medium) did not significantly affect fusarium wilt incidence. The type of organic matter did not significantly affect the incidence and severity of fusarium wilt.
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WANG, Fang, Ling XIA, Shun LV, Chunxiang XU, Yuqing NIU, Wenqing LIU, Lisha ZENG, Jiankun ZHOU, and Bei HU. "Development of a Mitochondrial SCAR Marker Related to Susceptibility of Banana (Musa AAA Cavendish) to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubense Race 4." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 46, no. 2 (February 18, 2018): 509–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha46211053.
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The use of resistant cultivars is an effective method for the control of banana (Musa spp.) Fusarium wilt caused by race 4 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc4). However, selection of disease-resistant cultivars requires large-scale field evaluations and is time-consuming. Development of early, reliable, and reproducible selection strategies can speed up this process. Sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers have been widely employed in the resistant breeding of many crops. However, to date, there have been no reports about the presence of plant disease resistance-related SCAR markers in mitochondrial genome yet, which also plays a very important role in plant defenses. In the present study, a sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) marker, a specific fragment of 829 bp, was identified. This fragment could be amplified from Foc4-susceptible but not from the resistant cultivars. It was located in banana mitochondrial genome and mapped near the putative cytochrome c biogenesis ccmB-like mitochondrial protein. This fragment was then successfully converted into a SCAR marker, namely Mito-Foc-S001, which was found to be able to discriminate the resistance from susceptibility to Fusarium wilt disease of bananas with the discriminatory power of the new mark being 96.88%. Thus, this marker can be used in banana (Musa AAA Cavendish) breeding for Fusarium wilt disease resistance.
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Orr, Ryan, and Paul N. Nelson. "Eucalyptus cloeziana mulch suppresses Fusarium wilt of banana." Crop Protection 147 (September 2021): 105694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105694.
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Fei, S., M. Constantin, J. Peters, J. Batley, E. Aitken, and N. Mitter. "RNAi-based management for Fusarium wilt of banana." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1205 (June 2018): 717–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2018.1205.88.
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Fortunato, Alessandro Antonio, Fabrício Ávila Rodrigues, Júlio Cezar Parpaiola Baroni, Gustavo César Barbosa Soares, Miguel Angel Dita Rodriguez, and Olinto Liparini Pereira. "Silicon Suppresses Fusarium Wilt Development in Banana Plants." Journal of Phytopathology 160, no. 11-12 (August 24, 2012): 674–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jph.12005.
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Ghag, Siddhesh B., Upendra K. S. Shekhawat, and Thumballi R. Ganapathi. "Fusarium wilt of banana: biology, epidemiology and management." International Journal of Pest Management 61, no. 3 (May 22, 2015): 250–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09670874.2015.1043972.
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Wibowo, Arif, Aulia Rahman Alboneh, Medina Uli Alba Somala, Siti Subandiyah, Tony Pattison, and Agustin Molina. "INCREASING SOIL SUPPRESSIVITY TO FUSARIUM WILT OF BANANA THROUGH BANANA INTERCROPPING WITH Allium spp. (PENINGKATAN SUPRESIFITAS TANAH TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM PISANG MELALUI PERTANAMAN TUMPANGSARI ANTARA PISANG DAN Allium spp.)." Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia 19, no. 1 (November 16, 2016): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpti.16344.
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Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc), is one of the most destructive diseases of banana and has spread in many plantation areas in Indonesia. Until today, the effective ways to control banana fusarium wiltdisease have not yet been found. Some studies indicated thatAllium spp. could be used to suppress plant diseases caused by Fusarium. Allium spp. are important horticultural crops which are generally cultivated in some areas in Indonesia. This research was conducted to determine the effect of several species ofAllium spp. intercropped with banana to improve soil suppressiveness against banana fusarium wilt disease. The results showed that up to 12 months after planting, from 3 species ofAllium spp. (A. tuberosum/ Chinese leek, A. fistulosum/ bunching onion, and A. cepa var. aggregatum/ shallot) intercropped with banana Ambon Kuning (AAA) cultivar, Chinese leek and shallot were able to suppress the incidence of fusarium wilt disease of banana by 46 and 33% respectively. Soil analysis on the rhizosphere of banana intercropped with Chinese leek and shallot had lower population of total Fusarium compared to the other treatments. Analysis of fluorescein diacetate (3’.6’-diacetylfluoerescein) or FDA also showed that total microbial activity in the rhizosphere of banana intercropped withAllium spp. was also lower compared to control treatment (without intercropping). The observation of the effect ofAllium spp. extracts on Foc showed that Allium spp. extracts were able to suppress the development of the colony and spore germination of Foc in vitro.Keywords: Allium spp., banana, fusarium wilt suppression, intercroppingLayu Fusarium, yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc), merupakan salah satu penyakit tanaman pisang yang paling merusak dan telah tersebar di berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Sampai saat ini cara yangefektif untuk mengendalikan penyakit layu fusarium pisang belum ditemukan. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Allium spp. dapat dipergunakan untuk menekan penyakit tumbuhan yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium. Allium spp.adalah tanaman hortikultura penting yang banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh beberapa spesiesAllium spp. yang ditumpangsarikan dengan tanaman pisang untuk meningkatkansupresifitas tanah dalam menekan penyakit layu fusarium pisang. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa sampai 12 bulan setelah tanam, dari 3 spesiesAllium spp. (A. tuberosum/kucai, A. fistulosum/loncang, dan A. cepa var. aggregatum/bawang merah) yang ditumpangsarikan dengan pisang kultivar Ambon Kuning (AAA), kucai dan bawang merah mampu menekan insidensi penyakit layu fusarium pisang berturut-turut sebesar 46% dan 33%. Analisis tanah rhizosfer pisang yang ditumpang sari dengan kucai dan bawang merah menunjukkan populasi total Fusarium yang lebih rendah daripada perlakuan lainnya. Analisis fluorescein diacetate (3’.6’-diacetylfluoerescein) atau FDA juga menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas total mikrobia pada rhizosfer pisang yang ditumpang sari dengan Allium spp. lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol (tanpa tumpang sari). Pengamatan pengaruh ekstrak Allium spp. terhadap Foc menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak Allium spp. mampu menekan perkembangan koloni dan perkecambahan spora Foc secara in vitro.Kata kunci: Allium spp., penekanan layu fusarium, pisang, tumpang sari
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Sánchez-Espinosa, Ana Claudia, José Luis Villarruel-Ordaz, and Luis Maldonado-Bonilla. "The cause and potential solution to the Fusarium wilt disease in banana plants." REVISTA TERRA LATINOAMERICANA 38, no. 2 (May 18, 2020): 435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.28940/terra.v38i2.617.
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The Fusarium wilt disease of banana caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense is currently considered the most prominent disease that threatens the global fruit production. Control of this pathogen is essential to guarantee the supply of banana fruits. The use of chemical pesticides is a common practice for its control; however, this causes contamination of soils, water and atmosphere, and also affects the human health. The knowledge of natural antagonists of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense is a reliable alternative to develop crop protection strategies. Concerning this, the genus Trichoderma comprises mycoparasitic species adapted to distinct environmental and soil conditions. The features of Trichoderma have enabled its use as an effective biological control agent, but this potential must be extended in order to prevent the economic losses caused by the Fusarium wilt. In this review we present essential information about two contrasting fungal inhabitants of the soil: a group of phytopathogens that produces deleterious consequences in banana plants and its potential antagonists that will provide novel methods of biological control.
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Segura-Mena, R. A., J. J. Stoorvogel, F. García-Bastidas, M. Salacinas-Niez, G. H. J. Kema, and J. A. Sandoval. "Evaluating the potential of soil management to reduce the effect of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense in banana (Musa AAA)." European Journal of Plant Pathology 160, no. 2 (March 19, 2021): 441–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-021-02255-2.
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AbstractFusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) causes Fusarium wilt in banana (Musa AAA). Foc Race 1 devastated the subgroup Gros Michel during the first half of the twentieth century. The Gros Michel was largely replaced by the resistant subgroup Cavendish in the 1950s. However, in the 1980s, Foc Tropical Race 4 started to spread affecting Cavendish bananas. No proper control measures have been found to deal with the disease. This paper re-takes an important research line from the 1950s to evaluate the potential of soil management for Fusarium wilt management. The role of soil properties on Fusarium wilt in bananas was studied in two greenhouse experiments. It was evaluated whether the influence of two main soil properties (pH and N) on Fusarium wilt is similar for Race 1 and Tropical Race 4. Two soil pH levels (lower than 5.2 and higher than 6.0) respectively ensured through acidification and liming; and three levels of N (ammonium nitrate, 33.5% N) weekly doses (low:0 N g, medium: 0.08 N g and high: 0.25 N g per plant) were achieved. The first experiment in Costa Rica confirmed the earlier results about the influence of soil pH and nitrogen on Fusarium wilt (Race 1) on Gros Michel bananas. The second experiment in The Netherlands evaluated the influence of pH and N on interactions between Foc (both Race 1 and Tropical Race 4) and Cavendish bananas. Results in both experiments showed that soil pH affected crop development and the disease. Besides, the interaction of the lower pH x the higher N accelerated the infection and reduced plant development. As such, the results showed that soil management has the potential to reduce the impacts of Fusarium wilt while dealing with Race 1 and Tropical Race 4 although it requires confirmation and further evaluation under field conditions.
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Shao, Chuange, Dandan Xiang, Hong Wei, Siwen Liu, Ganjun Yi, Shuxia Lyu, Li Guo, and Chunyu Li. "Predicting Virulence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubense Based on the Production of Mycotoxin Using a Linear Regression Model." Toxins 12, no. 4 (April 14, 2020): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12040254.
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Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) is one of the most destructive diseases for banana. For their risk assessment and hazard characterization, it is vital to quickly determine the virulence of Foc isolates. However, this usually takes weeks or months using banana plant assays, which demands a better approach to speed up the process with reliable results. Foc produces various mycotoxins, such as fusaric acid (FSA), beauvericin (BEA), and enniatins (ENs) to facilitate their infection. In this study, we developed a linear regression model to predict Foc virulence using the production levels of the three mycotoxins. We collected data of 40 Foc isolates from 20 vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs), including their mycotoxin profiles (LC-MS) and their plant disease index (PDI) values on Pisang Awak plantlets in greenhouse. A linear regression model was trained from the collected data using FSA, BEA and ENs as predictor variables and PDI values as the response variable. Linearity test statistics showed this model meets all linearity assumptions. We used all data to predict PDI with high fitness of the model (coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.906) and adjust coefficient (R2adj = 0.898)) indicating a strong predictive power of the model. In summary, we developed a linear regression model useful for the prediction of Foc virulence on banana plants from the quantification of mycotoxins in Foc strains, which will facilitate quick determination of virulence in newly isolated Foc emerging Fusarium wilt of banana epidemics threatening banana plantations worldwide.
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Fernández-Falcón, Marino, Andres A. Borges, and Andres Borges-Pérez. "Induced resistance to Fusarium wilt of banana by exogenous applications of indoleacetic acid." Phytoprotection 84, no. 3 (June 15, 2004): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/008492ar.
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Fusarium wilt of banana (Panama disease), caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, is a soilborne systemic disease which occludes host vascular system. We report here two experiments on resistance induction with banana plants (cv. Dwarf Cavendish) carried out in glass greenhouse with different indoleacetic acid treatments, which are capable of inducing resistance to Panama disease. The results obtained in these experiments suggest that the exogenous application of indoleacetic acid to banana plants induce resistance to Panama disease and that the resistance induction is more effective when performed using low doses and frequent applications. This work seems to confirm the role played by indoleacetic acid according to Beckman’s models as, one of the major defence factors of the host plant in vascular wilt diseases.
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Hadiwiyono, Hadiwiyono, Arief Widyantoro, and Salim Widono. "Antagonisme Bacillus terhadap Infeksi Layu Fusarium pada Bibit Pisang Hasil Kultur Jaringan." Agrosains: Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi 15, no. 1 (March 11, 2013): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/agsjpa.v15i1.18990.
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<p>Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense) is an important disease in banana. Fusarium wilt was hard to control because the pathogen can survive in many kind of soils type although there is no host. Therefore, overcoming the disease is urgently needed such as biological control. The endophytic Bacillus of banana was begun to use as antagonist agent to the pathogen. This research aimed to study the mechanism of antagonism and physiological character of Bacillus. There were 27 Bacillus isolates examined in-vitro to test the production of IAA, HCN, chitinase, pectinase, and antagonism. The top ten isolates based on the test in vitro were used to test in planta. The research showed that Bacillus were able to produce IAA, HCN, chitinase, pectinase, and able to retard the growth of Foc colony. The application of isolat B25 on banana seedling could decrease the disease intensity but still unable to prevent the fusarium wilt infection.</p>
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Lin, Chung-Pao, and Yi-Cheng Ho. "Beneficial Microbes and Basal Fertilization in Antagonism of Banana Fusarium Wilt." Agronomy 11, no. 10 (October 12, 2021): 2043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11102043.
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Fusarium Wilt Tropical Race 4 (TR4) is spreading rapidly all over the world and threatens banana production, especially the Cavendish variety, which is the main commercial cultivar in Asia. This work aims to use beneficial microbes and fertilizers to control TR4. Both Bacillus mycoides NP02 (BM) and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BaPD1 (BA) antagonized TR4 growth in plate tests. In addition, basal nutrients (BN) in combination with BM and BA were used to treat 1-month-old banana seedlings infected by Fusarium Wilt; plant growth and nutrients of leaves were investigated after 6-month cultivation in the field. The seedling survival rates for uninfected and infected controls without the microbes were 89.4 ± 14.8% and 50 ± 10.7%, respectively. In contrast, the corresponding rates for 2BM, 5BM, 1BA, F1 (5BM + 4BN + 1BA) and G1 (1BM + 4BN + 1BA) in the infected plants were 80 ± 9.4%, 83 ± 4.3%, 85 ± 14.2%, 96.7 ± 1.9% and 96.7 ± 3.3%, respectively. The 2BM treatment promoted the growth of both uninfected and infected banana plants and the 5BA treatment significantly reduced the severity index by 1.45-fold. Plants infected with TR4 showed significantly reduced contents of nitrogen and potassium, but the contents of iron, copper and zinc were higher than those of healthy plants. Additionally, 1BM treatment stimulated the accumulation of nitrogen and zinc ions in the leaves of uninfected plants. Both the 1BA and 2BN treatments increased the iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni) metal ion levels of TR4 infected plants. The F2 (5BM + 2BN + 1BA) treatment significantly maintained the growth of banana plants under TR4 stress with increased contents of nickel and zinc in banana leaves, suggesting that these ions may play a key role in stimulating the growth of banana plants under the threat of TR4. This work shows the potential of applying BM, BN and BA in the control of Fusarium wilt in field conditions.
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Matsumoto, Kuzumitsu, Milena Luz Barbosa, Luiz Augusto Copati Souza, and João Batista Teixeira. "Race 1 fusarium wilt tolerance on banana plants selected by fusaric acid." Euphytica 84, no. 1 (February 1995): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01677558.
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Chaves, N. P., C. Staver, and M. A. Dita. "Potential ofTrichoderma asperellumfor biocontrol of Fusarium wilt in banana." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1114 (March 2016): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2016.1114.35.
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Li, C. Y., G. J. Yi, D. Xiang, C. H. Hu, Q. S. Yang, F. C. Bi, H. Gao, et al. "A comprehensive strategy for managing Fusarium wilt of banana." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1272 (March 2020): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2020.1272.9.
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Kidane, E. G., and M. D. Laing. "INTEGRATED CONTROL OF FUSARIUM WILT OF BANANA (MUSA SPP.)." Acta Horticulturae, no. 879 (November 2010): 315–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2010.879.32.
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Huang, Y. H., R. C. Wang, C. H. Li, C. W. Zuo, Y. R. Wei, L. Zhang, and G. J. Yi. "Control of Fusarium wilt in banana with Chinese leek." European Journal of Plant Pathology 134, no. 1 (June 22, 2012): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-012-0024-3.
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Kaushal, Manoj, George Mahuku, and Rony Swennen. "Comparative Transcriptome and Expression Profiling of Resistant and Susceptible Banana Cultivars during Infection by Fusarium oxysporum." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 6 (March 16, 2021): 3002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22063002.
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Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is one of the most destructive diseases of banana. Methods to control the disease are still inadequate. The present investigation targeted expression of defense-related genes in tissue cultured banana plantlets of Fusarium resistant and susceptible cultivars after infection with biological control agents (BCAs) and Fusarium (Foc race 1). In total 3034 differentially expressed genes were identified which annotated to 58 transcriptional families (TF). TF families such as MYB, bHLH and NAC TFs were mostly up-regulated in response to pathogen stress, whereas AP2/EREBP were mostly down-regulated. Most genes were associated with plant–pathogen response, plant hormone signal transduction, starch and sucrose metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, selenocompound metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, mRNA surveillance pathway, mannose type O-glycan biosynthesis, amino acid and nucleotide sugar metabolism, cyanoamino acid metabolism, and hormone signal transduction. Our results showed that the defense mechanisms of resistant and susceptible banana cultivars treated with BCAs, were regulated by differentially expressed genes in various categories of defense pathways. Furthermore, the association with different resistant levels might serve as a strong foundation for the control of Fusarium wilt of banana.
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Magdama, Freddy, Lorena Monserrate-Maggi, Lizette Serrano, José García Onofre, and María del Mar Jiménez-Gasco. "Genetic Diversity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, the Fusarium Wilt Pathogen of Banana, in Ecuador." Plants 9, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9091133.
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The continued dispersal of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical race 4 (FocTR4), a quarantine soil-borne pathogen that kills banana, has placed this worldwide industry on alert and triggered enormous pressure on National Plant Protection (NPOs) agencies to limit new incursions. Accordingly, biosecurity plays an important role while long-term control strategies are developed. Aiming to strengthen the contingency response plan of Ecuador against FocTR4, a population biology study—including phylogenetics, mating type, vegetative compatibility group (VCG), and pathogenicity testing—was performed on isolates affecting local bananas, presumably associated with race 1 of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). Our results revealed that Foc populations in Ecuador comprise a single clonal lineage, associated with VCG0120. The lack of diversity observed in Foc populations is consistent with a single introduction event from which secondary outbreaks originated. The predominance of VCG0120, together with previous reports of its presence in Latin America countries, suggests this group as the main cause of the devastating Fusarium wilt epidemics that occurred in the 1950s associated to the demise of ‘Gros Michel’ bananas in the region. The isolates sampled from Ecuador caused disease in cultivars that are susceptible to races 1 and 2 under greenhouse experiments, although Fusarium wilt symptoms in the field were only found in ‘Gros Michel’. Isolates belonging to the same VCG0120 have historically caused disease on Cavendish cultivars in the subtropics. Overall, this study shows how Foc can be easily dispersed to other areas if restriction of contaminated materials is not well enforced. We highlight the need of major efforts on awareness and monitoring campaigns to analyze suspected cases and to contain potential first introduction events of FocTR4 in Ecuador.