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Journal articles on the topic 'Fusta'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Minio-Paluello (book author), Maria-Luisa, and Konrad Eisenbichler (review author). "La "Fusta dei Matti". Firenze: giugno 1514." Quaderni d'italianistica 14, no. 2 (October 1, 1993): 308–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/q.i..v14i2.10215.

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Josa, Zulema, Esther Pintó, Carles Serra, and Jaume Feliu. "De l'electricitat a la fusta: espais d'aprenentatge de la Tecnologia mitjançant projectes." Ciències: revista del professorat de ciències de Primària i Secundària, no. 33 (June 1, 2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/ciencies.10.

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3

Pirotti, F., E. Kutchartt, and E. Csaplovics. "ASSESSMENT OF VOLUME AND ABOVE-GROUND BIOMASS IN ARAUCARIA FOREST THROUGH SATELLITE IMAGES, COMPARING DIFFERENT METHODS IN THE SOUTH OF CHILE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W12-2020 (November 6, 2020): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w12-2020-331-2020.

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Abstract. Initial results of biomass estimation in the La Fusta area from existing equations found in literature are presented. As expected, accuracy of general equations suffer from the equation coefficients being obtained from fitting training data from different sites. It is also clear from the results that there is a high variance between different methods, in particular when complex data mixture is applied. Biomass is difficult to assess for dense forests, as pixels are saturated. This must be considered when planning field-data collection, with more samples in dense forest to provide more robust estimators from the training phase. The SAR-only (PALSAR) method from eq. 4 provided the most bias in results, overestimating with respect to the other methods.
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4

Škrabec, Simona. "Les possibilitats perdudes: Pere Calders, entre la ratlla i el desig." Verba Hispanica 12, no. 1 (December 31, 2004): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/vh.12.1.95-106.

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En un dels capítols del llibre Els límits de la interpretació d’Umberto Eco trobem escrita sense cap e`mfasi especial una observació que resulta essencial per acostarnos a la narració Entre la ratlla i el desig de Pere Calders (Eco, 1990: 279–305). Eco sosté que per dir una banalitat tan òbvia com, per exemple, que mai no trobarem l’ànec Donald caminant pel Passeig de Gràcia, no necessitem ajuda de cap aparell teòric. Aquesta observació delimita amb un tall precís i netencara que poc convencional– l’objecte de l’anàlisi que ens interessa: volem parlar d’un text. Només del text. La caseta de fusta, com l’objecte principal al voltant del qual gira tot el conte de Pere Calders, està feta de paraules i aquestes són fruits d’una convenció, d’estrat`egies emprades per construir el discurs. Per això dividiré l’anàlisi del conte La ratlla i el desig en dos capítols.
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CAPELLÀ GALMÉS, Miquel Ángel. "Magdalena Cerdà Garriga, "Fusters i imaginaires a la Mallorca medieval (1229-1520). Els artífexs de l'escultura en fusta"." Medievalismo, no. 30 (November 16, 2020): 507–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/medievalismo.455651.

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6

Carvajal-Vanegas, Dorian, and Julio Calvo-Alvarado. "Intercepción de precipitación en dos especies forestales nativas: Vochysia guatemalensis Donn. Sm. y Vochysia ferruginea Mart." Revista Forestal Mesoamericana Kurú 9, no. 22 (September 9, 2012): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18845/rfmk.v9i22.361.

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La intercepción de precipitación en plantaciones de V. ferruginea Mart. y V. guatemalensis Donn. Sm. fue estudiada en la estación biológica La Selva, Heredia, Costa Rica. Se realizaron mediciones diarias de precipitación bruta, precipitación de copas y escorrentía fustal de agosto a noviembre del 2004. Se determinó estadísticamente si el número de pluviómetros utilizados fue el correcto para una precisión aceptable. El porcentaje de precipitación de copas para V. ferruginea fue de 87,65% de la precipitación bruta, en V. guatemalensis fue del 92,12%. Los porcentajes de escorrentía de fuste fueron 2,98% y 3,39% de la precipitación bruta respectivamente. Las pérdidas totales por intercepción en V. ferruginea fueron de 9,37% de la precipitación bruta, en V. guatemalensis fueron de 4,49%.
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Tamarit Urías, Juan Carlos, Héctor M. De los Santos Posadas, Arnulfo Aldrete, J. René Valdez Lazalde, Hugo Ramírez Maldonado, and Vidal Guerra De la Cruz. "SISTEMA DE CUBICACIÓN PARA ÁRBOLES INDIVIDUALES DE Tectona grandis L. f. MEDIANTE FUNCIONES COMPATIBLES DE AHUSAMIENTO-VOLUMEN." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Forestales 5, no. 21 (June 14, 2018): 58–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.29298/rmcf.v5i21.358.

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Se construyó un sistema de cubicación de árbol individual generado a partir de una función segmentada de ahusamiento para plantaciones de Tectona grandis establecidas en Campeche, Tabasco y Chiapas. Se cubicaron 144 árboles de diferentes edades; para cada uno se midió el diámetro con corteza y la altura sobre el fuste a 1 m después del tocón hasta la altura total. Se evaluó el ajuste estadístico de seis funciones segmentadas de ahusamiento y se seleccionó al modelo de Fang como el mejor por presentar la mayor precisión, el menor sesgo y por describir el ahusamiento del fuste correctamente. De forma simultánea se le hizo un ajuste con su respectiva función de volumen comercial basado en la técnica de modelo de efectos mixtos, con lo que se logró controlar la variación específica a nivel de árbol, mejorar la estimación de los parámetros y la precisión de las predicciones. Los resultados indican que el sistema de cubicación derivado se conforma de ecuaciones que describen con exactitud el perfil fustal y estiman el volumen comercial y total, así como la altura comercial a un diámetro mínimo y viceversa. Los puntos de cambio en la forma dendrométrica del fuste son similares a los de otras especies de árboles latifoliados. El equivalente al factor de forma que procede del modelo de volumen total fue de 0.43 en promedio y permite realizar estimaciones muy cercanas a los volúmenes observados; comparativamente es inferior al calculado para esta especie en otras regiones tropicales.
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8

Li, Yunlong, and Sanfeng Chen. "Fusaricidin Produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78 Induces Systemic Resistance against Fusarium Wilt of Cucumber." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 20 (October 22, 2019): 5240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205240.

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Cucumber is an important vegetable crop in China. Fusarium wilt is a soil-borne disease that can significantly reduce cucumber yields. Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78 can strongly inhibit Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cucumerium, which causes Fusarium wilt disease. In this study, we screened the genome of WLY78 and found eight potential antibiotic biosynthesis gene clusters. Mutation analysis showed that among the eight clusters, the fusaricidin synthesis (fus) gene cluster is involved in inhibiting the Fusarium genus, Verticillium albo-atrum, Monilia persoon, Alternaria mali, Botrytis cinereal, and Aspergillus niger. Further mutation analysis revealed that with the exception of fusTE, the seven genes fusG, fusF, fusE, fusD, fusC, fusB, and fusA within the fus cluster were all involved in inhibiting fungi. This is the first time that demonstrated that fusTE was not essential. We first report the inhibitory mode of fusaricidin to inhibit spore germination and disrupt hyphal membranes. A biocontrol assay demonstrated that fusaricidin played a major role in controlling Fusarium wilt disease. Additionally, qRT-PCR demonstrated that fusaricidin could induce systemic resistance via salicylic acid (SA) signal against Fusarium wilt of cucumber. WLY78 is the first reported strain to both produce fusaricidin and fix nitrogen. Therefore, our results demonstrate that WLY78 will have great potential as a biocontrol agent in agriculture.
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Tamarit Urias, Juan Carlos, Elba Rojas Díaz, Gerónimo Quiñonez Barraza, Casimiro Ordoñez Prado, and José Carlos Monárrez González. "Sistema de cubicación para árboles individuales de Quercus sp. en bosques bajo manejo de Puebla, México." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Forestales 8, no. 40 (September 15, 2017): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29298/rmcf.v8i40.37.

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Se procesaron datos de ahusamiento de 124 ejemplares del género Quercus. La muestra se obtuvo mediante método destructivo (derribo, desrame y seccionado) en bosques bajo manejo del estado de Puebla, México. Se colectaron 1 709 pares de datos diámetro-altura. Cada sección del árbol se cubicó con la fórmula de Smalian y la punta con la del cono; el volumen total por individuo se obtuvo sumando todas sus secciones cubicadas. Se evaluó la calidad de ajuste estadístico de seis modelos de ahusamiento de tipo segmentado y se eligió el de Fang et al. (2000), que describe mejor el perfil fustal. Este se ajustó, en forma simultánea, con su expresión de volumen comercial, mediante la técnica de modelos mixtos, y en el resultante se corrigió la heterocedasticidad ponderando la varianza de los errores con la función exponencial y un factor de ponderación en la altura comercial, solo para el ahusamiento; la autocorrelación se corrigió modelando el término de error, para ello se usó una estructura continua autorregresiva de primer orden (AR(1)). El sistema de cubicación, a nivel de árbol (SCAI), quedó conformado por ecuaciones que modelan el perfil fustal, estiman el volumen comercial y total, así como la altura comercial a un diámetro mínimo en la punta del fuste y viceversa. El SCAI permite calcular el volumen por tipo de producto según el uso industrial requerido, lo que posibilita realizar estimaciones volumétricas de encino por unidad de superficie.
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10

Weakland, John E. "Furta Sacra." History of European Ideas 18, no. 1 (January 1994): 107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-6599(94)90155-4.

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11

Juma, G., P. O. Ahuya, G. Ong'amo, B. Le Ru, G. Magoma, J. F. Silvain, and P. A. Calatayud. "Influence of plant silicon in Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae – Poaceae interactions." Bulletin of Entomological Research 105, no. 2 (January 30, 2015): 253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000748531500005x.

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AbstractThe noctuid stem borer Busseola fusca is an important pest of maize and sorghum in Sub-Saharan Africa. The presence of this species occurred mostly on cultivated than on wild habitats. Busseola fusca is oligophagous having a narrow range of a wild grass species. This might be due, in part, to differences in silicon (Si) content in plant tissues between cultivated and wild grasses. In the present study, we have tested this hypothesis by studying the survival and the relative growth rate (RGR) expressed as daily weight gains of B. fusca larvae on maize and six wild host plants, mostly present in the natural habitat where B. fusca occurred, and correlated with their Si contents. Survival and RGR of B. fusca larvae were considerably higher on maize and wild sorghum than on the other grass species, and they were negatively related to plant Si content. This was corroborated with results on RGR from artificial diets amended with increasing levels of Si. In addition, if Si was added to maize growing substrate B. fusca larval growth was significantly reduced confirming the involvement of Si in B. fusca larvae – Poaceae interactions. The results provide insight into the possible mechanisms of oligophagy of B. fusca and provide a correlative support for a physical role of plant endogenous Si in impeding feeding of B. fusca larvae.
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12

Castellanos-Bolaños, Juan Francisco, Eduardo Javier Treviño- Garza, Óscar Alberto Aguirre-Calderón, Javier Jiménez-Pérez, Miguel Musalem-Santiago, and Ricardo López-Aguillón. "Estructura de bosques de pino pátula bajo manejo en Ixtlán de Juárez, Oaxaca, México." Madera y Bosques 14, no. 2 (August 30, 2016): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21829/myb.2008.1421212.

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Se evaluó y comparó la diversidad de especies arbóreas y la composición estructural de bosques de pino pátula (Pinus patula Schl et Cham) bajo diferentes condiciones silvícolas, en Ixtlán de Juárez, Oaxaca, México. Se registró información sólo para ejemplares mayores de 7,5 cm de diámetro normal. La diversidad se estimó a través del Índice Shannon (H’), la composición estructural se definió mediante tres características, mezcla de especies, distribución espacial y diferenciación de tamaños, a través de los índices, Mezcla de Gadow (Mi), Uniformidad de Ángulos (Wi) y Dominancia (Ui), respectivamente. El análisis se realizó comparando cuatro condiciones silvícolas denominadas, latizal, fustal joven, fustal medio y fustal viejo. Los resultados mostraron que la mayor diversidad arbórea se presentó en los bosques fustal medio y fustal viejo. El mayor grado de mezcla se presentó en la condición fustal viejo. La distribución del arbolado en el terreno, en los cuatro ambientes, presentó un patrón de distribución aleatorio y la dominancia de pino pátula va en aumento conforme la condición se desarrolla.
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Oliveira, Gabriel Marcos Vieira, José Márcio de Mello, João Domingos Scalon, José Roberto Soares Scolforo, and Thiago Campos Monteiro. "AMOSTRAGEM DE DISCOS E USO DE EQUAÇÕES PARA ESTIMAR A DENSIDADE BÁSICA DA MADEIRA EM DIVERSAS FITOFISIONOMIAS." Ciência Florestal 28, no. 4 (December 16, 2018): 1615. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509835127.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o número adequado de discos de madeira, as melhores posições de amostragem, ao longo do fuste e propor equações que permitam estimar a densidade básica da madeira de árvores, a partir de um número reduzido de discos, em diversas fisionomias florestais, para subsidiar estimativas de biomassa. Os dados de cubagem rigorosa das árvores foram obtidos no Inventário Florestal de Minas Gerais, advindas de 1.325 árvores, distribuídas em regiões, classes de diâmetro e altura e em diversas fisionomias florestais. De cada árvore foram retirados cinco discos de madeira nas posições 0 (A), 25 (B), 50 (C), 75 (D) e 100% (E) da altura comercial. A densidade básica da madeira de cada disco foi determinada, conforme a ABNT NBR 11.941 (2003), e a densidade geral do fuste, a partir da média aritmética entre as densidades dos discos. Os dados foram analisados, com base na análise de regressão, critério de informação de Akaike, erro padrão da estimativa e análise gráfica de resíduos. Os resultados indicaram que, em geral, a melhor posição de amostragem, para estimativa da densidade básica da madeira do fuste com apenas um disco, deve ser efetuada na metade do fuste principal, com dois discos nas posições 25 e 75% da altura e com três discos nas posições 0, 50 e 100% da altura do fuste. Observou-se, também, que a melhor estimativa da densidade básica do fuste sempre será dada por aquela com maior número de discos, entretanto, é possível estimar com alta precisão a densidade do fuste com menor número de discos, desde que amostrados em posições específicas do fuste e inseridos nas equações propostas de acordo com cada fitofisionomia.
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Hojo, Masaru K., Ayako Wada-Katsumata, Toshiharu Akino, Susumu Yamaguchi, Mamiko Ozaki, and Ryohei Yamaoka. "Chemical disguise as particular caste of host ants in the ant inquiline parasite Niphanda fusca (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276, no. 1656 (October 7, 2008): 551–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2008.1064.

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The exploitation of parental care is common in avian and insect ‘cuckoos’ and these species engage in a coevolutionary arms race. Caterpillars of the lycaenid butterfly Niphanda fusca develop as parasites inside the nests of host ants ( Camponotus japonicus ) where they grow by feeding on the worker trophallaxis. We hypothesized that N. fusca caterpillars chemically mimic host larvae, or some particular castes of the host ant, so that the caterpillars are accepted and cared for by the host workers. Behaviourally, it was observed that the host workers enthusiastically tended glass dummies coated with the cuticular chemicals of larvae or males and those of N. fusca caterpillars living together. Cuticular chemical analyses revealed that N. fusca caterpillars grown in a host ant nest acquired a colony-specific blend of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs). Furthermore, the CHC profiles of the N. fusca caterpillars were particularly close to those of the males rather than those of the host larvae and the others. We suggest that N. fusca caterpillars exploit worker care by matching their cuticular profile to that of the host males, since the males are fed by trophallaxis with workers in their natal nests for approximately ten months.
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Angerosa, F., B. Lanza, and V. Marsilio. "Biogenesis of «fusty» defect in virgin olive oils." Grasas y Aceites 47, no. 3 (June 30, 1996): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.1996.v47.i3.854.

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Norén, T., T. Åkerlund, M. Wullt, L. G. Burman, and M. Unemo. "Mutations in fusA Associated with Posttherapy Fusidic Acid Resistance in Clostridium difficile." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 51, no. 5 (February 16, 2007): 1840–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01283-06.

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ABSTRACT In silico, we identified fusA (2,067 bp) in Clostridium difficile 630. Sequencing of fusA in posttherapy fusidic acid-resistant C. difficile isolates from 12 patients with C. difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) identified fusA mutations, one or two nonsynonymous substitutions, or in one case a deletion of one codon associated with resistance. Five of these mutations have previously been described in fusA of fusidic acid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, but seven were novel fusA mutations. Fusidic acid monotherapy for CDAD seemed to rapidly select conserved resistant mutants.
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Goulart, Selma Lopes, Fábio Akira Mori, Alessandra de Oliveira Ribeiro, Allan Motta Couto, Marina Donária Chaves Arantes, and Lourival Marin Mendes. "Análises químicas e densidade básica da madeira de raiz, fuste e galho de barbatimão [(Stryphnodendron adstringens) Coville] de bioma cerrado." CERNE 18, no. 1 (March 2012): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-77602012000100008.

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A região do cerrado tem se mostrado como importante provedora na crescente demanda por bens de consumo de origem vegetal, animal ou agroindustrial. No entanto, ainda são insuficientes os estudos relativos à vegetação desse bioma. Tal fato tem causado dificuldades na utilização dessas espécies, seja como opção de uso econômico, ou como forma de recomposição e recuperação de áreas devastadas. Em razão da carência de informações referentes às espécies do cerrado, este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de coletar informações sobre a constituição química e a densidade básica da madeira de raiz, fuste e galho de Stryphnodendron adstringens (barbatimão). Para tanto, utilizaram-se materiais coletados na raiz e ao longo do fuste e galho de três espécimes de barbatimão. Verificaram-se tendências de incremento dos teores de holocelulose no sentido da raiz para o fuste e galho. O contrário aconteceu com o teor de lignina e extrativos. O teor de cinzas teve seu menor valor na posição referente ao fuste. As densidades básicas entre raiz, fuste e galho não se diferenciaram estatisticamente.
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Vogel, Hamilton Luiz Munari, Mauro Valdir Schumacher, and Peter Trüby. "Biomassa e macronutrientes de uma floresta estacional decidual em Itaara-RS, Brasil." Revista Árvore 37, no. 1 (February 2013): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-67622013000100011.

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Este trabalho foi realizado no Município de Itaara-RS, Brasil, em uma Floresta Estacional Decidual secundária. Teve como objetivo quantificar os nutrientes na biomassa acima do solo, de essências florestais. Foram abatidas 20 árvores, distribuídas em cinco classes de diâmetros (3,2-13,5 cm; 13,6-23,9 cm; 24,0-33,6 cm; 33,7-44,6 cm; e 44,7-55,0 cm). A parte aérea foi fracionada em madeira do fuste, casca do fuste, galhos e folhas. Nas amostras da biomassa foram determinados os teores de N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S. O estoque de nutrientes na biomassa de cada componente foi obtido com base na biomassa seca estimada, multiplicada pelo teor de nutrientes. O rendimento total de biomassa foi estimado em 210,0 Mg ha-1. Para esse rendimento, as contribuições percentuais dos galhos, madeira do fuste, casca do fuste e folhas foram de 48,8; 43,3; 5,4; e 2,4, respectivamente. As folhas foram o componente com os maiores teores de N, P, K, Mg e S, enquanto no componente casca se observou o maior teor de Ca. A madeira do fuste foi o componente que apresentou os menores teores de nutrientes em sua biomassa. De modo geral, o Ca, N e o K foram os nutrientes com maiores estoques na biomassa acima do solo. Nos galhos, devido à maior biomassa, foram verificados os maiores estoques de nutrientes, seguidos pela madeira do fuste.
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Vogel, Hamilton Luiz Munari, Mauro Valdir Schumacher, and Peter Trüby. "Quantificação da biomassa em uma Floresta Estacional Decidual em Itaara, RS, Brasil." Ciência Florestal 16, no. 4 (December 30, 2006): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050981923.

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O presente trabalho foi realizado no município de Itaara, RS, Brasil, em uma Floresta Estacional Decidual secundária com 70 anos aproximadamente. O estudo teve como principal objetivo quantificar a biomassa acima do solo na floresta. Para tanto, foram abatidas vinte árvores distribuídas em cinco classes de diâmetros. As árvores abatidas foram separadas nas frações, madeira do fuste, casca do fuste, galhos e folhas. Em cada fração, foram retiradas amostras para determinação da umidade, determinado o peso seco de cada componente. A estimativa da biomassa foi obtida pelo uso da equação log y = b0 + b1 . log DAP. A produção total estimada de biomassa acima do solo foi de 210,0 Mg ha-1. Nessa estimativa, os galhos corresponderam a 48,8%, a madeira do fuste 43,3%, a casca do fuste 5,4%, e as folhas 2,4%.
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Batuwita, Sudesh, Sampath Udugampala, and Udeni Edirisinghe. "On the occurrence of the Black Spine-cheek Gudgeon Eleotris melanosoma Bleeker in Sri Lankan waters, with comments on the Green-backed Guavina Bunaka gyrinoides (Bleeker) (Teleostei: Eleotridae)." Journal of Threatened Taxa 9, no. 7 (July 26, 2017): 10374. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.2915.9.7.10374-10379.

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A new record of Black Spine-cheek Gudgeon Eleotris melanosoma Bleeker is provided from the southern and western coasts of Sri Lanka. This species was previously confused with two closely resembling eleotrid species—E. fusca (Bloch & Schneider in Bloch) and Bunaka gyrinoides (Bleeker) of Sri Lanka. It is speculated that records of E. melanosoma juveniles from coastal areas and B. gyrinoides from inland freshwater habitats appear to be the elevated locality records of E. fusca in Sri Lanka. Data are provided to distinguish Eleotris melanosoma from E. fusca and from B. gyrinoides, to clarify their taxonomy, and also discuss their distribution and natural history. This study adds two new records of fishes to the Sri Lankan freshwater fish list. Previous records of Eleotris fusca from Sri Lanka have to be clarified in future studies.
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Routson, Kanin J., Gayle M. Volk, Christopher M. Richards, Steven E. Smith, Gary Paul Nabhan, and Victoria Wyllie de Echeverria. "Genetic Variation and Distribution of Pacific Crabapple." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 137, no. 5 (September 2012): 325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.137.5.325.

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Pacific crabapple [Malus fusca (Raf.) C.K. Schneid.] is found in mesic coastal habitats in Pacific northwestern North America. It is one of four apple species native to North America. M. fusca is culturally important to First Nations of the region who value and use the fruit of this species as food, bark and leaves for medicine, and wood for making tools and in construction. However, little is known about either distribution or genetic diversity of this species. To correct this deficiency, we used habitat suitability modeling to map M. fusca habitat types with species occurrence records. The species apparently occupies at least two distinct climate regions: a colder, drier northern region and a warmer, wetter southern region. Total area of modeled habitat encompasses ≈356,780 km2 of low-lying areas along the Pacific coast. A total of 239 M. fusca individuals sampled from across its native range were genetically compared using six microsatellite markers to assess for possible geographic structuring of genotypes. The primers amplified 50 alleles. Significant isolation by distance was identified across the ≈2600 km (straight line) where samples were distributed. These results may help establish priorities for in situ and ex situ M. fusca conservation.
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ZUG, GEORGE R., and ALLEN ALLISON. "New Carlia fusca complex lizards (Reptilia: Squamata: Scincidae) from New Guinea, Papua-Indonesia." Zootaxa 1237, no. 1 (June 19, 2006): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1237.1.3.

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Recent rapid-assessment surveys in western New Guinea have provided well-documented voucher specimens that show greater speciation within the Carlia fusca complex in this area than indicated by the examination of older museum specimens. Variation in the morphometric and scalation traits of these new species does not differ greatly from other fusca complex species. This result was anticipated owing to the overall low level of variation in these morphological features in the fusca complex. Regionalization of distinct color patterns and abrupt shifts from one pattern to another indicate the existence of a distinct species along much of the southern coast from the Eilanden River basin to Etna Bay and another species from the northern coast of the Bomberai Peninsula. The variation and distribution of fusca complex species are examined for populations in the southern and western “mainland” Papua-Indonesia.
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Montes de Oca-Cano, Eduardo, Ádan Salvador-García, Juan Abel Nájera-Luna, Sacramento Corral-Rivas, and Jorge Méndez González. "Ecuaciones alométricas para estimar biomasa y carbono en Trichospermum mexicanum (DC.) Baill." Colombia forestal 23, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14483/2256201x.15836.

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El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo ajustar ecuaciones lineales y no lineales para estimar carbono, por componente de hojas, ramas, fuste y total. Los resultados indican que, en el ámbito individual, el componente total muestra los mejores estadísticos de ajuste; mientras que las mayores variaciones se detectan en las ramas y en el fuste. Adicionalmente, se analizaron porcentajes de biomasa por componente donde se observa que el fuste aporta el 57% de la biomasa, las hojas el 9% y las ramas solamente el 34% de la biomasa total.
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24

Riley, David G. "Effect of Imidacloprid on Settling Behavior of Frankliniella occidentalis and Frankliniella fusca (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Tomato and Peanut." Journal of Entomological Science 42, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-42.1.74.

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The effect of a systemic application of imidacloprid (Admire 2F®) on the settling of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (western flower thrips) and Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) (tobacco thrips) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) was studied with leaf-choice tests in peanut and tomato. Settling behavior of F. occidentalis was significantly increased (by 48%) in peanut, but was not affected in tomato with a systemic application of imidacloprid by soil drench. Settling of F. fusca was significantly reduced by the same imidacloprid treatment in tomato (by 32%), but not in peanut. These results indicate that at-planting soil-applied imidacloprid in the field can increase the presence of flower thrips (F. occidentalis) in peanut, but decrease foliage thrips (F. fusca) in tomato. Thus, where early-season transmission of virus by F fusca is a primary concern in tomato, imidacloprid could provide some benefit in thrips vector management by reducing the amount of thrips settling on leaves.
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Deng, Yu, and Stephen S. Fong. "Development and Application of a PCR-Targeted Gene Disruption Method for Studying CelR Function in Thermobifida fusca." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 7 (January 22, 2010): 2098–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02626-09.

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ABSTRACT Thermobifida fusca is a high-G+C-content, thermophilic, Gram-positive soil actinobacterium with high cellulolytic activity. In T. fusca, CelR is thought to act as the primary regulator of cellulase gene expression by binding to a 14-bp inverted repeat [5′-(T)GGGAGCGCTCCC(A)] that is upstream of many known cellulase genes. Previously, the ability to study the roles and regulation of cellulase genes in T. fusca has been limited largely by a lack of established genetic engineering methods for T. fusca. In this study, we developed an efficient procedure for creating precise chromosomal gene disruptions and demonstrated this procedure by generating a celR deletion strain. The celR deletion strain was then characterized using measurements for growth behavior, cellulase activity, and gene expression. The celR deletion strain of T. fusca exhibited a severely crippled growth phenotype with a prolonged lag phase and decreased cell yields for growth on both glucose and cellobiose. While the maximum endoglucanase activity and cellulase activity were not significantly changed, the endoglucanase activity and cellulase activity per cell were highly elevated. Measurements of mRNA transcript levels in both the celR deletion strain and the wild-type strain indicated that the CelR protein potentially acts as a repressor for some genes and as an activator for other genes. Overall, we established and demonstrated a method for manipulating chromosomal DNA in T. fusca that can be used to study the cellulolytic capabilities of this organism. Components of this method may be useful in developing genetic engineering methods for other currently intractable organisms.
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Flores-Hernández, Cristóbal de J., Jorge Méndez-González, Félix de J. Sánchez-Pérez, Guadalupe Ponce-Martínez, Citlali Pérez-Díaz, and Fátima M. Méndez-Encina. "MODELOS PROXY PARA BIOMASA DE FUSTE DE Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco: MÉTODO DE PRESSLER." Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana 44, no. 1 (July 5, 2021): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.35196/rfm.2021.1.85.

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La evaluación precisa de la biomasa de árboles es necesaria para estimar los almacenes de carbono y entender la contribución de los ecosistemas de bosques en la regulación de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. El objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar una ecuación alométrica para predecir la biomasa del fuste (Bf) para Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, en la región de Arteaga Coahuila, en el noreste de México. El diámetro normal (Dn), la altura al punto directriz (Hp) y la altura total (Ht) fueron medidos con el Criterion RD1000®. El volumen del fuste (Sv) fue obtenido con la ecuación de Pressler y después fue trasformado a biomasa mediante la densidad básica de la madera. Los datos se ajustaron con el modelo potencial Ŷ = aXb en su forma logarítmica, donde Ŷ es Sb y X el Dn evaluando los supuestos de normalidad, homocedasticidad y no autocorrelación. Un total de 110 árboles de esta especie fueron muestreados. La ecuación ln(Bf) = −2.8732 (± 0.238) + 2.4237 (± 0.066) × ln(Dn) cumplió todos los supuestos de los modelos lineales (valor de P > 0.05), lo que asegura que la predicción de biomasa de fuste sea confiable. El diámetro normal explicó el 98 % de la biomasa del fuste de P. menziesii. El sesgo en la predicción de biomasa del fuste debido a la trasformación logarítmica debe corregirse multiplicándola por un factor de corrección de 1.018. La estimación indirecta de volumen a través del método de Pressler es una forma eficiente, de bajo costo y no destructiva para generar un modelo alométrico de biomasa de fuste.
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Shendy, Riham. "The Limitations of Reading to Young Children in Literary Arabic: The Unspoken Struggle with Arabic Diglossia." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 9, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0902.01.

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This interdisciplinary paper draws on findings from academic research on Arabic language diglossia demonstrating the linguistic distance between spoken Arabic, a’amiya and written Arabic, fusHa. It extends the implications of these findings to the literature on child development and reading. In this respect, it is is the first study to address the challenges of reading to children in a language diglossia situation. The paper starts by addressing the unfounded popular claim that fusHa and a’amiya are similar. It then outlines relevant practices from developed countries that feature language diglossia and finds no merit in the second popular concern that reading to children in their mother-tongue — a’amiya — would weaken their later grasp of fusHa — the language of education. The common practice of ad hoc on-the-spot translation of fusHa text in storybooks to a’amiya is not optimal for reasons highlighted. Further, the paper discusses the wider proven benefits of reading to children that go beyond literacy, and that are likely forgone by the exclusive focus on producing and reading children’s books in only fusHa. Finally, the study argues that the sociolinguistic nature of a’amiya and the demographics of most Arab countries ought to support a viable market for a’amiya children’s books.
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Mattos, Rodrigo Borges de, Miguel Antão Durlo, and Alessandro Dal’Col Lúcio. "Possibilidade de ganho de fuste em espécies euxilóforas nativas da região central do Rio Grande do Sul." Ciência Florestal 13, no. 2 (June 30, 2003): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050981747.

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O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o intuito de observar e quantificar a possibilidade de ganho de fuste em cinco espécies euxilóforas (Angico (Parapiptadenia rigida), Canjerana (Cabralea canjerana), Cedro (Cedrela fissilis), Grápia (Apuleia leiocarpa), e Louro (Cordia trichotoma) em matas nativas, não-manejadas, de São João do Polêsine, RS. Foram levantadas 17 parcelas temporárias de 10 x 100 m nas matas nativas do município. Nas árvores das cinco espécies eleitas para este estudo, que apresentavam diâmetro à altura do peito (dap) superior a 5 cm, foram medidas a altura total, a altura comercial atual e a altura comercial potencial dos troncos. O ganho de fuste foi definido como a diferença entre a altura comercial atual e potencial, em relação à altura comercial atual e expresso em porcentagem. O percentual médio de ganho de fuste para todas as espécies em conjunto foi superior a 70%. O Louro mostrou um ganho de fuste significativamente menor que as demais espécies. Mediante a análise de regressão (stepwise), selecionou-se modelos matemáticos que melhor descrevem o ganho de fuste de cada espécie e das espécies em conjunto. Os resultados mostraram que existe um potencial para o aumento do valor das formações florestais nativas da região, ainda não-explorado por ações silviculturais.
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29

Meireles, Carla Maria, John Czelusniak, Stephen F. Ferrari, Maria Paula Cruz Schneider, and Morris Goodman. "Phylogenetic relationships among Brazilian howler monkeys, genus Alouatta (Platyrrhini, Atelidae), based on g1-globin pseudogene sequences." Genetics and Molecular Biology 22, no. 3 (September 1999): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47571999000300009.

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The genus Alouatta (howler monkeys) is the most widely distributed of New World primates, and has been arranged in three species groups: the Central American Alouatta palliata group and the South American Alouatta seniculus and Alouatta caraya groups. While the latter is monotypic, the A. seniculus group encompasses at least three species (A. seniculus, A. belzebul and A. fusca). In the present study, approximately 600 base pairs of the g1-globin pseudogene were sequenced in the four Brazilian species (A. seniculus, A. belzebul, A. fusca and A. caraya). Maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood methods yielded phylogenetic trees with the same arrangement: {A. caraya [A. seniculus (A. fusca, A. belzebul)]}. The most parsimonious tree had bootstrap values greater than 82% for all groupings, and strength of grouping values of at least 2, supporting the sister clade of A. fusca and A. belzebul. The study also confirmed the presence of a 150-base pair Alu insertion element and a 1.8-kb deletion in the g1-globin pseudogene in A. fusca, features found previously in the remaining three species. The cladistic classification based on molecular data agrees with those of morphological studies, with the monospecific A. caraya group being clearly differentiated from the A. seniculus group.
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Lélouma, Alfa Mamadou Diallo, and Bernard Salvaing. "“Corners Conceal Treasures”: Arabic Manuscripts’ Marginalia in Fuuta Jaloo and Fuuta Toro in the Nineteenth Century." Islamic Africa 8, no. 1-2 (October 17, 2017): 70–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21540993-00801007.

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So far, studies of West African Arabic manuscripts have paid limited attention to scribes and their social environment. Fuuta Jaloo’s Islamic confederation emerged in the early 1700s as the brainchild of a group of scholars. Thanks to public policies and cultural innovations, its intellectual output and regional diffusion left indelible marks on manuscripts. The article illustrates how much information can be obtained from colophons, marginal notes, and other material elements. Analyzing several versions of a nineteenth-century treatise on astronomy, comments will be made on the diffusion and rendition of manuscripts in Fuuta Jaloo, Fuuta Toro and Maasina. 1
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Honorato-Salazar, J. Amador. "MODELOS VOLUMÉTRICOS FUSTALES PARA Acrocarpus fraxinifolius Wight & Arn. EN PLANTACIONES AGROFORESTALES DE LA SIERRA NORTE DE PUEBLA." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Forestales 2, no. 6 (May 20, 2019): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.29298/rmcf.v2i6.574.

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El cedro rosado (Acrocarpus fraxinifolius ) fue introducido aproximadamente en 1992 en la región norte del estado de Puebla como árbol de sombra para plantaciones de café. El área que ocupa esta especie es de 1,630 ha, que pronto estarán listas para cosecharse. No obstante, se carece de la información técnica que ayuda a su manejo, en particular aquella que permita predecir el volumen que se extraerá en las cortas de aclareo o al final del turno. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue desarrollar un modelo fustal para A. fraxinifolius de plantaciones agroforestales. Se ajustaron doce de ellos a los datos de diámetro-altura, a partir del muestreo destructivo de 130 árboles; además, se utilizaron seis estadísticos de ajuste fueron para jerarquizar los modelos fustales. De acuerdo con el valor de jerarquización, los mejores seis fueron seleccionados para realizar el análisis adicional para la multicolinearidad, el efecto de la autocorrelación y la heterocedasticidad. El modelo de Thomas y Parresol resultó ser el más adecuado para describir los datos experimentales de cedro rosado, porque no presentó problemas de multicolinearidad, según lo indicado por el valor de índice de condición. El procedimiento estadístico de la regresión ponderada se aplicó a este modelo para considerar la heterocedasticidad, el cual mejoró su capacidad de predicción. Por lo tanto, el modelo ponderado es recomendado para la estimación del diámetro a diferentes alturas, y los volúmenes comercial y total del fuste de cedro rosado en las plantaciones agroforestales de la región de estudio.
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Hillig, Éverton, Gilmara de Oliveira Machado, Diego Leonardo Holk, and Giordano Marques Corradi. "Propriedades físicas da madeira de Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze em função da posição no fuste para diferentes idades." CERNE 18, no. 2 (June 2012): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-77602012000200010.

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Conduziu-se este trabalho, com o objetivo de estudar as propriedades físicas da madeira de Araucária (Araucaria angustifolia). Determinaram-se a massa específica aparente e a estabilidade dimensional de árvores de diferentes idades e em diferentes posições ao longo do fuste. A análise dos dados foi realizada em função da idade e da altura no fuste da árvore, além de terem sido relacionadas entre si e com outras variáveis dendrométricas. Verificou-se que houve variação da massa específica entre as idades estudadas, mas não foi possível determinar um padrão de variação. Ocorre uma variação de massa específica ao longo do fuste, sendo que decresce com a altura para todas as idades. A madeira obtida da parte inferior do fuste foi mais instável dimensionalmente. São apresentadas equações lineares da soma das contrações radial e tangencial em função da massa específica aparente. As equações mostraram que mais de 40% da contração foi explicada pela variação da massa específica aparente.
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Assis, Adriana Leandra de, José Roberto Soares Scolforo, José Márcio de Mello, and Antônio Donizette de Oliveira. "Avaliação de modelos polinomiais não-segmentados na estimativa de diâmetros e volumes comerciais de Pinus taeda." Ciência Florestal 12, no. 1 (March 30, 2002): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050981704.

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Este estudo foi realizado com os objetivos de: construir equações com potências de grandezas fracionárias, unitárias e de dezenas, na tentativa de representar melhor a ponta, a porção média e a base da árvore respectivamente; construir equações polinomiais compatíveis com uma equação volumétrica; avaliar a acuracidade de três modelos polinomiais não-segmentados para estimar diâmetros e volumes ao longo do fuste de Pinus taeda; verificar se o melhor modelo para estimar diâmetros ao longo do fuste é também o melhor para estimar volumes totais e parciais. A base de dados utilizada foi composta por 58 árvores de Pinus taeda cubadas rigorosamente pelo método de Smalian, nas propriedades da empresa PISA - Papel de Imprensa S/A, na região de Jaguariaíva - PR. As 58 árvores foram divididas em oito classes diamétricas, e procedeu-se ao ajuste de três modelos polinomiais não-segmentados para cada classe diamétrica e para o conjunto total dos dados. Os modelos não-segmentados testados foram o de Schöepfer (1966); o de Hradetzky (1976); e o de Goulding e Murray (1976). A acuracidade dos modelos para estimar diâmetros e volumes ao longo do fuste foi avaliada pr meio das seguintes estatísticas: coeficiente de determinação, erro-padrão residual, análise gráfica dos perfis médios dos fustes, desvio médio em cada posição de medição ao longo do fuste, desvio-padrão das diferenças, soma de quadrados do resíduo relativo e resíduo percentual. Com base nas quatro últimas estatísticas, foi elaborado um "ranking" para detectar o modelo que propiciou estimativas mais acuradas de diâmetros e volumes em cada posição de medição do fuste, por ocasião da cubagem rigorosa. Como principais resultados, pode-se destacar que os modelos de Hradetzky (1976) é o mais estável na estimativa das duas variáveis estudadas. O modelo de Goulding e Murray (1976) é preciso para estimar diâmetros e volumes ao longo do fuste de Pinus taeda na região de estudo, apenas se o ajuste for por classe diamétrica. O modelo de Schöepfer (1966) mostrou estimativas tendenciosas ao longo de todo o fuste, em todas as classes diamétricas estudadas.
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34

Catalán, César A. N., Pablo R. Legname, B. Vincent Crist, and Dora I. A. De Iglesias. "Glaucolides from Vernonia fulta." Phytochemistry 24, no. 9 (January 1985): 2113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(00)83134-9.

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Steiman, Régine, Pascale Guiraud, and Françoise Seigle-Murandi. "Propriétés biotransformatrices d'Absidia fusca." Acta Botanica Gallica 149, no. 1 (January 2002): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12538078.2002.10515940.

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36

Lannergård, Jonas, Tobias Norström, and Diarmaid Hughes. "Genetic Determinants of Resistance to Fusidic Acid among Clinical Bacteremia Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 53, no. 5 (March 16, 2009): 2059–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00871-08.

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ABSTRACT Resistance to fusidic acid in Staphylococcus aureus is caused by mutation of the elongation factor G (EF-G) drug target (FusA class) or by expression of a protein that protects the drug target (FusB and FusC classes). Recently, two novel genetic classes of small-colony variants (SCVs) were identified among fusidic acid-resistant mutants selected in vitro (FusA-SCV and FusE classes). We analyzed a phylogenetically diverse collection of fusidic acid-resistant bacteremia isolates to determine which resistance classes were prevalent and whether these were associated with particular phylogenetic lineages. Each isolate was shown by DNA sequencing and plasmid curing to carry only one determinant of fusidic acid resistance, with approximately equal frequencies of the FusA, FusB, and FusC genetic classes. The FusA class (mutations in fusA) were distributed among different phylogenetic types. Two distinct variants of the FusC class (chromosomal fusC gene) were identified, and FusC was also distributed among different phylogenetic types. In contrast, the FusB class (carrying fusB on a plasmid) was found in closely related types. No FusE-class mutants (carrying mutations in rplF) were found. However, one FusA-class isolate had multiple mutations in the fusA gene, including one altering a codon associated with the FusA-SCV class. SCVs are frequently unstable and may undergo compensatory evolution to a normal growth phenotype after their initial occurrence. Accordingly, this normal-growth isolate might have evolved from a fusidic acid-resistant SCV. We conclude that at least three different resistance classes are prevalent among fusidic acid-resistant bacteremia isolates of S. aureus.
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Ahmad, Farooq. "Leptochloa fusca cultivation for utilization of salt - affected soil and water resources in Cholistan Desert." Sociedade & Natureza 22, no. 1 (April 2010): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1982-45132010000100010.

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In the Cholistan Desert, 0.44 million hectares are salt - affected low lying and clayey in nature locally known as 'dhars', where rainwater as well as saline groundwater could be utilized for growing salt tolerant grasses like Leptochloa fusca as forage during summer. L. fusca is a promising candidate grass for economic utilization and better management of sodic, high pH, saline soil and saline water resources of the Cholistan desert. L. fusca is known to be a versatile, halophytic, primary colonizer, easily propagatable, perennial, nutritive and palatable forage plant species. The grass has the good biomass producing potential and can grow equally well both under upland and submerged saline soil environment.
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Aziz, Abd. "LANDASAN PIKIR PERDEBATAN EKSISTENSI BAHASA ARAB FUSHA DAN ‘AMMIYYAH." Al Amin: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu dan Budaya Islam 2, no. 02 (October 10, 2019): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36670/alamin.v2i02.21.

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Bahasa Arab fusha adalah bahasa Arab yang tetap terjaga fasahahnya dan secara prinsip sama dengan bahasa Arab yang digunakan pada masa Jahiliyah dan awal Islam. Sedangkan bahasa Arab ‘ammiyyah adalah bahasa Arab yang telah mengalami banyak perubahan dari bentuk yang fusha, baik aspek kosa-kata maupun strukturnya. Pada akhir abad ke-19 muncul seruan untuk memilih penggunaan ‘ammiyyah sebagai bahasa lisan dan tulisan. Alasannya karena ia digunakan oleh masyarakat Arab secara umum dan bentuk serta strukturnya yang sederhana. Di pihak lain banyak kalangan pembela fusha dengan menyodorkan sejumlah kelemahan ‘ammiyyah sebagai alasan penolakannya. Pada kenyataannya, kedua jenis bahasa Arab ini masih eksis di masyarakat Arab dengan fungsinya masing-masing
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39

van den Berg, J., J. B. J. Van Rensburg, and K. L. Pringle. "Comparative injuriousness of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Chilo partellus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on grain sorghum." Bulletin of Entomological Research 81, no. 2 (June 1991): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300051191.

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AbstractThe comparative influence of Busseola fusca (Fuller) and Chilo partellus (Swinhoe), both as separate and mixed populations, on growth and yield of grain sorghum was investigated in a field experiment, using an artificial infestation in cages. C. partellus was more injurious than B. fusca as indicated by whorl damage, stalk injury and yield loss. In the case of mixed populations, dispersion of larvae and damage were independent of B. fusca numbers. A regression equation, Logit Y = 0.24 + 2.06 logit x, relating visible plant damage to yield loss was determined. Control strategies in the case of mixed stem borer populations should be directed against C. partellus.
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40

Pech, Pavel. "Hyenism in Ants: Non-Target Ants Profit From Polyergus rufescens Raids (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." Sociobiology 59, no. 1 (October 21, 2014): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v59i1.667.

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The presence of slavemaker ants alters the structure of the ant community. The influence of slavemakers on non-host ants is believed to be indirect, via changing competitive interactions among the ants. According to my observation Myrmica sabuleti (and probably also Lasius alienus) profited from a Polyergus rufescens raid against a Formica fusca nest. Both non-host species collected F. fusca corpses. These carcasses were used as food in the case of M. sabuleti at least. M. sabuleti profited substantially from the Polyergus raid because the dry biomass weight of the collected F. fusca carcasses was approximately half of the dry biomass weight of all M. sabuleti workers.
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Danilov, Valery N. "Differential morphology of the two Afrotropical mosquitoes, Uranotaenia (Pseudoficalbia) nigripes and U. (P.) fusca (Diptera: Culicidae)." Insect Systematics & Evolution 19, no. 2 (1988): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631289x00104.

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AbstractThe larval descriptions of 'Uranotaenia (Pseudoficalbia) sp. indet.' by Ramos & Ribeiro (1975) and 'the atypical larvae of Ur. (Pfc.) fusca Theobald,1907' by Mattingly (1954) actually refer to Uranotaenia (P.) nigripes (Theobald, 1905). Characters to the separation of 4th-stage larvae of nigripes and fusca are given. The known distribution of nigripes, confined to the West African (Guinean-Congolese) subregion, is shown on a map. The species is recorded for the first time from Kenya and Angola. The ratio saddle height/saddle length in the 4th-stage larva of fusca decreases clinally in the direction southwest to northeast in the southern part of its range.
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42

Vogel, Hamilton Luiz Munari, Mauro Valdir Schumacher, and Peter Trüby. "MICRONUTRIENTES NA BIOMASSA ACIMA DO SOLO EM UMA FLORESTA ESTACIONAL SUBTROPICAL." CERNE 21, no. 2 (June 2015): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/01047760201521021328.

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Na biomassa acima do solo de uma floresta nativa ou plantada, estão estocadas grandes quantidades de nutrientes, com poucos trabalhos encontrados na literatura, principalmente com micronutrientes. Conduziu-se este trabalho com o objetivo principal de quantificar a biomassa e os micronutrientes estocados na biomassa, acima do solo, em uma Floresta Estacional Subtropical, em Itaara-RS, Brasil. Para a quantificação da biomassa, foram abatidas 20 árvores distribuídas em cinco classes de diâmetros. As árvores abatidas foram separadas nas frações: madeira do fuste, casca do fuste, galhos e folhas. Nas amostras da biomassa, foram determinados os teores totais de B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn. O estoque de micronutrientes na biomassa, para cada componente foi obtido com base na biomassa seca estimada, multiplicada pelo teor de nutrientes. A produção total estimada de biomassa acima do solo foi de 210,0 Mg.ha-1. Nessa estimativa, os galhos corresponderam a 48,8%, a madeira do fuste 43,3%, a casca do fuste 5,4%, e as folhas 2,4%. Os menores teores de B, Cu, Fe e Mn (mg.kg-1) estão na madeira do fuste, com exceção do Zn; nos galhos e na madeira, estão os maiores estoques de B, Cu, Fe e Mn (kg.ha-1). Nos galhos, folhas e cascas, está estocada a maior parte dos micronutrientes, apontando a importância destes de permanecerem sobre o solo.
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43

Li, Jingru, Perrin K. Beatty, Saleh Shah, and Susan E. Jensen. "Use of PCR-Targeted Mutagenesis To Disrupt Production of Fusaricidin-Type Antifungal Antibiotics in Paenibacillus polymyxa." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 11 (March 30, 2007): 3480–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02662-06.

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ABSTRACT Paenibacillus polymyxa (formerly Bacillus polymyxa) PKB1 has been identified as a potential agent for biocontrol of blackleg disease of canola, caused by the pathogenic fungus Leptosphaeria maculans. The factors presumed to contribute to disease suppression by strain PKB1 include the production of fusaricidin-type antifungal metabolites that appear around the onset of bacterial sporulation. The fusaricidins are a family of lipopeptide antibiotics consisting of a β-hydroxy fatty acid linked to a cyclic hexapeptide. Using a reverse genetic approach based on conserved motifs of nonribosomal peptide synthetases, a DNA fragment that appears to encode the first two modules of the putative fusaricidin synthetase (fusA) was isolated from PKB1. To confirm the involvement of fusA in production of fusaricidins, a modified PCR targeting mutagenesis protocol was developed to create a fusA mutation in PKB1. A DNA fragment internal to fusA was replaced by a gene disruption cassette containing two antibiotic resistance genes for independent selection of apramycin resistance in Escherichia coli and chloramphenicol resistance in P. polymyxa. Inclusion of an oriT site in the disruption cassette allowed efficient transfer of the inactivated fusA allele to P. polymyxa by intergeneric conjugation. Targeted disruption of fusA led to the complete loss of antifungal activity against L. maculans, suggesting that fusA plays an essential role in the nonribosomal synthesis of fusaricidins.
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44

Torés, J. A., J. M. Sánchez-Pulido, F. López-Ruiz, A. de Vicente, and A. Pérez-García. "First Occurrence of Cucurbit Powdery Mildew Caused by Race 3-5 of Podosphaera fusca in Spain." Plant Disease 93, no. 10 (October 2009): 1073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-10-1073b.

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A new race of cucurbit powdery mildew was observed for the first time on melon (Cucumis melo) in three research greenhouses in the Axarquia area of southern Spain during the spring of 2008. Fungal growth appeared as white powdery colonies initially restricted to the upper leaf surfaces. Morphological characteristics of colonies, conidiophores, conidia, germ tubes, and appressoria indicated that the powdery mildew fungus was Podosphaera fusca (also known as P. xanthii) (3), a fungal pathogen extensively reported in the area (1). However, the fungus developed on plants of melon cv. PMR 6, which is resistant to races 1 and 2 of P. fusca, suggesting that the fungus could belong to race 3, a race of P. fusca not yet reported in Spain. Race determination was carried out by inoculating the third true leaf of a set of differential melon genotypes that were maintained in a greenhouse. Symptoms and colonization observed on cvs. Rochet, PMR 45, PMR 6, and Edisto 47 indicated that the isolates belonged to race 3-5 of P. fusca. Fungal strains of races 1, 2, and 5 of P. fusca (all present in Spain) were used as controls. Pathotype designation was determined by inoculating different cucurbit genera and species (2). In addition to melon, the isolates were pathogenic on zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) cv. Diamant F1, but failed to infect cucumber (C. sativus) cv. Marketer and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) cv. Sugar Baby; therefore, the isolates were pathotype BC (2). Races 1, 2, 4, and 5 of P. fusca have been previously reported in the area (1). The occurrence of race 3-5 represents another challenge in the management of cucurbit powdery mildew in Spain. References: (1) D. del Pino et al. Phytoparasitica 30:459, 2002. (2) E. Křístková et al. Sci. Hortic. 99:257, 2004. (3) A. Pérez-García et al. Mol. Plant Pathol. 10:153, 2009.
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45

Scott, S. J., P. J. McLeod, F. W. Montgomery, and C. A. Hander. "INFLUENCE OF REFLECTIVE MULCH ON INCIDENCE OF THRIPS (THYSANOPTERA: THRIPIDAE: PHLAEOTHRIPIDAE) IN STAKED TOMATOES." Journal of Entomological Science 24, no. 4 (October 1, 1989): 422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-24.4.422.

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Thrips were sampled in a commercial tomato field in southeast Arkansas with yellow sticky traps. The effect of the type of mulch used (black plastic, aluminum-painted plastic or no mulch) on aerial thrips population abundance was investigated. Thrips species identified included Frankliniella fusca (Hinds), F. tritici (Fitch), Sericothrips variabilis (Beech), Leptothrips mali (Fitch) and Haplothrips graminis Hood; F. fusca and F. tritici were most numerous. Aluminum-painted mulch was most effective in reducing the numbers of thrips captured, while black plastic was more effective than no mulch. Numbers of F. fusca peaked at five weeks after transplanting; however, numbers of thirps were low in all plots for the first three weeks after transplanting. Peak numbers of F. fusca trapped in the aluminum-painted plots were one-third the numbers in non-mulched plots, while numbers in the black plastic plots were intermediate. Effectiveness of the mulch in decreasing the numbers of thrips generally disappeared later in the season, as lower leaves shaded the mulch, and traps were raised to accommodate increasing plant height.
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46

Kim, Jeong H., Diana Irwin, and David B. Wilson. "Purification and characterization ofThermobifida fuscaxylanase 10B." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 50, no. 10 (October 1, 2004): 835–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w04-077.

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Thermobifida fusca grows well on cellulose and xylan, and produces a number of cellulases and xylanases. The gene encoding a previously unstudied endoxylanase, xyl10B, was overexpressed in E. coli, and the protein was purified and characterized. Mature Xyl10B is a 43-kDa glycohydrolase with a short basic domain at the C-terminus. It has moderate thermostability, maintaining 50% of its activity after incubation for 16 h at 62 °C, and is most active between pH 5 and 8. Xyl10B is produced by growth of T. fusca on xylan or Solka Floc but not on pure cellulose. Mass spectroscopic analysis showed that Xyl10B produces xylobiose as the major product from birchwood and oat spelts xylan and that its hydrolysis products differ from those of T. fusca Xyl11A. Xyl10B hydrolyzes various p-nitrophenyl-sugars, including p-nitrophenyl α-D-arabinofuranoside, p-nitrophenyl-β-D-xylobioside, p-nitrophenyl-β-D-xyloside, and p-nitrophenyl-β-D-cellobioside. Xyl11A has higher activity on xylan substrates, but Xyl10B produced more reducing sugars from corn fiber than did Xyl11A.Key words: xylanase, enzyme purification, Thermobifida fusca, family 10 hydrolase.
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47

Hardwick, Kayla M., Awino Maureiq Edith Ojwang', Francesca Stomeo, Solomon Maina, Gladys Bichang’a, Paul-André Calatayud, Jonathan Filée, et al. "Draft Genome of Busseola fusca, the Maize Stalk Borer, a Major Crop Pest in Sub-Saharan Africa." Genome Biology and Evolution 11, no. 8 (July 31, 2019): 2203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evz166.

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Abstract The maize stalk borer, Busseola fusca, is an important Lepidopteran pest of cereal crops in Central, East, and Southern Africa. Crop losses due to B. fusca feeding activity vary by region, but can result in total crop loss in areas with high levels of infestation. Genomic resources provide critical insight into the biology of pest species and can allow for the development of effective management tools and strategies to mitigate their impact on agriculture. To this end, we sequenced, assembled, and annotated the genome of B. fusca. The total assembled genome size was 492.9 Mb with 19,417 annotated protein-coding genes. Using a comparative approach, we identified a putative expansion in the Chorion gene family, which is involved in the formation of the egg shell structure. Our analysis revealed high repeat content within the B. fusca genome, with LTR sequences comprising the majority of the repetitive sequence. We hope genomic resources will provide a foundation for future work aimed at developing an integrated pest management strategy to reduce B. fusca’s impact on food security.
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48

Yoyo, Yoyo, Abdul Mukhlis, Thonthowi Thonthowi, and Ferawati Ferawati. "HIGH VARIETY VS LOW VARIETY CULTURE IN THE ARABIC LANGUAGE : THE TENSIONS BETWEEN FUSHÂ AND ‘ÂMIYYA IN THE CONTEMPORARY ARAB WORLD." Arabi : Journal of Arabic Studies 5, no. 1 (June 5, 2020): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24865/ajas.v5i1.195.

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Arabic language, in its sociological context is divided into two varieties: fusha and ‘amiyya. Arabic fusha is the official language and perceived as the language of Islam. In contrast to the fusha, ‘amiyya is the language used by the Arab people in their daily conversations. However, this ‘amiyya is considered as inferior. The method used in this study was qualitative that stressed the interaction between language and its sociological context. The method assumed that social and political events affected language use in a particular society. The paper tries to re-popularize the two terms used by Ferguson that are "high variety" (H) and “low variety” (L) culture in analyzing the two languages varieties. Besides, the paper explores the tension of the two languages through contemporary social and political events taking place in the Arab World. The Arabic fusha is perceived as a representation of “H” culture because it is a language used in religious literature and official writings, while the ‘amiyya referred to as a representation of “L” variety culture because it is used only as a medium of regular communication.
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49

Kim, Jin-Young, Sun-Sung Hong, Jae-Wook Lim, Kyeong-Yeol Park, and Hong-Gi Kim. "Screening of Fungicide Resistance of Cucumber Powdery Mildew Pathogen, Sphaerotheca fusca in Gyeonggi Province." Research in Plant Disease 14, no. 2 (August 1, 2008): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/rpd.2008.14.2.095.

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50

Lee, Yun Ju, Yun Jung Ko, and Yong Chull Jeun. "Illustration of Disease Suppression of Anthracnose on Cucumber Leaves by Treatment with Chlorella fusca." Research in Plant Disease 22, no. 4 (December 31, 2016): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/rpd.2016.22.4.257.

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