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Journal articles on the topic 'Fusulinids'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Yukun, Shi, Huang Hao, Jin Xiaochi, and Yang Xiangning. "Early Permian fusulinids from the Baoshan Block, western Yunnan, China and their paleobiogeographic significance." Journal of Paleontology 85, no. 3 (May 2011): 489–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/10-039.1.

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Early Permian fusulinids from both northern and southern parts of the Baoshan Block (western Yunnan, Southwest China) are illustrated and compared with coeval fusulinid faunas from other northern peri-Gondwana areas to disclose paleogeographic information. Systematic study of collected fusulinid materials and examination of published data from the Dingjiazhai area, northern Baoshan Block, show that fusulinids there include Eoparafusulina pseudosimplex and Pseudofusulina macilenta. Fusulinids from the Aluotian Section, southern Baoshan Block, consist of P. minitumidiscula n. sp., P. macilenta, P. tumidiscula, E. pseudo simplex, E. aff. E. laudoni, and E. sp. Early Permian fusulinids from both northern and southern Baoshan Blocks are dominated by Pseudofusulina and Eoparafusulina species and they are similar to those from Central Pamir, South Afghanistan, East-Central Iran, Central Oman, East Hindu Kush and northern Karakorum, revealing a Sakmarian to Artinskian age. Moreover, detailed comparison shows that the Early Permian fusulinid assemblage from the Baoshan Block is more similar to those from East-Central Iran, Central Pamir and South Afghanistan. This implies that the Baoshan Block may have been near those areas during the Early Permian.

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2

Huang, Hao, Xiaochi Jin, Yukun Shi, and Xiangning Yang. "Middle Permian western Tethyan fusulinids from southern Baoshan Block, western Yunnan, China." Journal of Paleontology 83, no. 6 (November 2009): 880–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/08-071.1.

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New fusulinid collections from the Baoshan Block in southwest China necessitate paleobiogeographic reevaluation of the Mid-Permian fusulinids in this region. From Xiaoxinzhai Section in the southern Baoshan Block, 32 fusulinid species of nine genera are described and illustrated. Among them,Eopolydiexodina parvais a new species, and elements of Neoschwagerinidae and Verbeekinidae are confirmed. The studied fusulinids are ascendingly grouped into three biozones: theSchwagerina yunnanensisRange Zone,EopolydiexodinaAbundance Zone, andSumatrina annaeRange Zone. The lower two could be assigned in age to the Murgabian and the uppermost one to the Midian. Midian fusulinids are for the first time reported from the Baoshan Block. In terms of fusulinid paleobiogeography, these three assemblages should belong to the western Tethyan Province A because of the presence ofEopolydiexodinaand characteristic Tethyan genera, e.g.,Verbeekina, Sumatrina, and Pseudodoliolina.Moreover, these assemblages may occupy a comparatively high latitudinal region within Tethyan Realm, judging from the overall low diversity.

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3

Shi, Yukun, Hao Huang, and Xiaochi Jin. "Depauperate fusulinid faunas of the Tengchong Block in western Yunnan, China, and their paleogeographic and paleoenvironmental indications." Journal of Paleontology 91, no. 1 (November 22, 2016): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2016.122.

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AbstractNew samples of fusulinids collected in the Tengchong Block, western Yunnan, China, are systematically studied and presented here. The fusulinid fauna from the Xishancun section in the Shanmutang area is dominated by Chusenella and Nankinella, whereas that from the Shuangheyan area is composed mainly of Chusenella and Schwagerina. Both faunas are dated as Roadian–Capitanian (middle Permian). These new findings are integrated with fusulinid taxa reported earlier from the block to demonstrate the taxonomic features and paleogeographic significance of Permian fusulinids. The low generic diversity through early and middle Permian and the paucity of middle Permian neoschwagerinids and verbeekinids in the block confirm its Gondwana-affinity attributes. Moreover, the Permian fusulinids of the Tengchong Block are depauperate; i.e., consisting of a limited number of species with abundant individuals. This particular feature commonly suggests an inhospitable environment, and carbonates of varied facies containing these faunas in the Tengchong Block suggest a facies-independent factor as the reason, most likely the relatively low temperature of seawater.

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4

Huang, Hao, Xiaochi Jin, and Yukun Shi. "AVerbeekinaassemblage (Permian fusulinid) from the Baoshan Block in western Yunnan, China." Journal of Paleontology 89, no. 2 (March 2015): 269–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2014.24.

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AbstractA newly discoveredVerbeekinaassemblage from the Xiaoxinzhai Section in the Baoshan Block in western Yunnan, China, provides additional data for better understanding fusulinid biostratigraphy and the thermal condition of middle Permian (Guadalupian) seawater of this block. This assemblage comprises 11 species of six genera, includingVerbeekina,Pseudodoliolina,Sumatrina,Yangchienia,Xiaoxinzhaiella, and ?Rugosochusenella. The age of this assemblage is considered to be Midian (approximately Capitanian), based on combined evidence of stratigraphic position and specific composition. Furthermore, this assemblage bears two unusual attributes: overwhelming dominance ofVerbeekinaand relatively low total diversity, compared with coeval fusulinids from South China, which represents a paleo-tropical setting during the middle Permian. These features indicate that the Baoshan Block was probably located in a subtropical setting with warm water during the Midian time; however, its water temperature was still not as optimal as the tropical area (e.g., South China) for the diversification of fusulinids.

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5

Hageman, Scott A., and Roger L. Kaesler. "Fusulinids: Predation damage and repair of tests from the Upper Pennsylvanian of Kansas." Journal of Paleontology 76, no. 1 (January 2002): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000017455.

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The abundant fusulinids of the Hughes Creek Shale Member of the Foraker Limestone in east-central Kansas are noted for their excellent preservation (Hageman and Kaesler, 1998). Not all these fossils are in pristine condition, however, as taphonomy has taken its toll. We deal in part with necrolysis during predation, but we examine more specifically instances in which predation failed and the fusulinid survived to repair damage to its test.

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6

Nilsson, I., E. Håkansson, L. Madsen, S. A. S. Pedersen, and L. Stemmerik. "Stratigraphic significance of new fusulinid samples from the Upper Palaeozoic Mallemuk Mountain Group, North Greenland." Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 150 (January 1, 1991): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/rapggu.v150.8137.

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Dating of new fusulinid samples from the Mallemuk Mountain Group has improved constraints on age control of the regional lithostratigraphic units. Sediments of Late Carboniferous age are reported for the first time in Kronprins Christian Land where also the first recorded Sakmarian fusulinids have been found. The base of the Kim Fjelde Formation in Amdrup Land has been dated as Moscovian; this is slightly older than previous age assignments.

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7

Yarahmadzahi, Hamed, and Daniel Vachard. "Moscovian–asselian (middle Pennsylvanian–earliest Cisuralian) Smaller Foraminifers from the Asad-abad Section (sanandaj-sirjan Zone, Central Iran)." Journal of Foraminiferal Research 49, no. 2 (April 18, 2019): 107–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.49.2.107.

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Abstract Carboniferous and Permian strata crop out in Central Iran. The Asad-Abad section has yielded Gzhelian and Asselian fusulinid levels. Here we describe the smaller foraminifers of this section for the first time and introduce four biozones based on these taxa. Biozone I with Monotaxinoides? melanogaster n. sp. is interpreted to be early?-middle? Gzhelian in age (with possible reworkings affecting up to Moscovian/Kasimovian? levels) based upon the principle of superposition and of previous datings of the underlying series, but in the absence of direct datings by fusulinids of this lowermost part of the section. Further, Monotaxinoides? are generally known in the Bashkirian-Moscovian. Biozone II includes Raphconilia spp., Protonodosaria spp., and Rectogordius? minimus n. sp. and is interpreted as middle?-late Gzhelian in age. Biozone III includes Turrispiroides spp., Calcivertella anguinea, Calcitornella heathi, and Vervilleina crescenticamerata n. sp., and we base its early Asselian age on associated fusulinids. Finally, Biozone IV includes Cribrogenerina? sp. and Nodosinelloides longissima; its middle to late Asselian age, based on fusulinids, is confirmed by associated smaller foraminifers. The foraminiferal assemblages display marked differences in composition and stratigraphic distribution compared with those of Alborz and Tabas Block. Principally, they have unexpected similarities with several North American assemblages, especially the three new species: Monotaxinoides? melanogaster n. sp., Rectogordius? minimus n. sp., and Vervilleina crescenticamerata n. sp.

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8

Nestell, Merlynd K., and Calvin H. Stevens. "Mixed Tethyan and McCloud Belt rugose corals and fusulinids in an Upper Triassic conglomerate, central Oregon." Journal of Paleontology 87, no. 5 (September 2013): 909–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/12-138.

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Colonial rugose corals ranging in age from Carboniferous to Late Triassic and Early Permian (Cisuralian) fusulinids have been recovered from cobbles in a conglomerate in the Upper Triassic Brisbois Member of the Vester Formation in the Izee terrane in central Oregon. Early Permian (late Sakmarian or early Artinskian) fusulinids typical of those present in the Coyote Butte Limestone in the nearby Grindstone terrane (part of the allochthonous McCloud Belt) includeEoparafusulina,Pseudofusulinella,Chalaroschwagerina, and Schwagerina. The presence of these fusulinid genera and the Pennsylvanian coralHeritschioides?, which is mostly restricted to the McCloud Belt, suggest these particular cobbles were derived from limestone in that belt. The Early Permian fusulinidsChangmeia bostwickinew species andChangmeia bigflatensisnew species, and the Early Permian coralsYokoyamaella?oregonensisnew species andYokoyamaella? sp. 1, all of which have Tethyan affinities, occur rarely in other cobbles. The presence of definitive fossils from the two different realms in a conglomerate associated with beds containing Late Triassic ammonoids indicates that by Late Triassic time a fragment of a Tethyan terrane was close to or had been amalgamated with a terrane belonging to the McCloud Belt.

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9

Stevens, Calvin H., Vladimir I. Davydov, and Dwight Bradley. "Permian Tethyan Fusulinina from the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska." Journal of Paleontology 71, no. 6 (November 1997): 985–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000035964.

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Two samples from a large, allochthonous limestone block in the McHugh Complex of the Chugach terrane on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, contain species of 12 genera of Permian Fusulinina including Abadehella, Kahlerina, Pseudokahlerina?, Nankinella, Codonofusiella, Dunbarula, Parafusulina?, Chusenella, Verbeekina, Pseudodoliolina, Metadoliolina?, Sumatrina?, and Yabeina, as well as several other foraminiferans and one alga. The assemblage of fusulinids is characteristically Tethyan, belonging to the Yabeina archaica zone of early Midian (late Wordian) age. Similar faunas are known from the Pamirs, Transcaucasia, and Japan, as well as from allochthonous terranes in British Columbia, northwestern Washington, and Koryakia in eastern Siberia.

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10

Hoare, Richard D., and Myron T. Sturgeon. "Small Fusulinids from the Pennsylvanian of Ohio." Journal of Paleontology 68, S38 (September 1994): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002233600006234x.

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Small fusulinids are common in the Atokan and most Desmoinesian marine units in Ohio but less common in Missourian and Virgilian units. Twenty-one taxa are recognized. Five new species are proposed, including Millerella? elegantula, Eostaffella? recondita, Eostaffella inusitata, Pseudostaffella douglassi, and Pseudoendothyra ohioensis. Several specimens of uncertain taxonomic assignment are also included.Approximately one-third of the previously recognized taxa were originally described from Europe and about one-half from western North America. Millerella? carbonica Grozdilova and Lebedeva, Eostaffella rjasanensis Rauzer-Chernousova, E. mutabilis Rauzer-Chernousova, and E. acuta Grozdilova and Lebedeva are reported from North America for the first time. The known ranges of several species have been extended significantly. These conclusions support the concept of a greater cosmopolitanism of Pennsylvanian foraminifers than has been generally recognized.

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11

Leven, E. Ya, and M. H. Gorgij. "Gzhelian fusulinids first discovered in central Iran." Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation 14, no. 1 (January 2006): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0869593806010023.

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12

Stevens, Calvin H. "A giant Permian fusulinid from east-central Alaska with comparisons of all giant fusulinids in western North America." Journal of Paleontology 69, no. 5 (September 1995): 805–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000035484.

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The discovery of a new locality yielding giant Guadalupian (Lower Permian) fusulinids in east-central Alaska extends the range of these forms much farther north than previously known, and into a tectonostratigraphic terrane from which they previously had not been reported. The number of areas from which giant parafusulinids are known in North America is thus raised to eight. Three of these localities are in rocks that previously had been referred to the allochthonous McCloud belt arc, and one, West Texas, is known to have been part of Paleozoic North America. Comparison of species from all areas suggests that there are two closely related species groups: one represented in Texas and Coahuila, and the other represented in Sonora, northern California, northeastern Washington, southern and northern British Columbia, Alaska, and apparently in Texas. These groups may differ because they are of slightly different ages or because interchange between the faunas of Texas–Coahuila area and the other regions was somewhat inhibited during the Early Permian.

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13

Arefifard, Sakineh. "Morphometric analysis of Early Permian fusulinids from east-central Iran: a new approach to defining fusulinid species reliably." Geological Journal 52, no. 6 (September 28, 2016): 1049–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gj.2869.

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14

Davydov, Vladimir I., David W. Haig, and Eujay McCartain. "Latest Carboniferous (Late Gzhelian) Fusulinids from Timor Leste and their Paleobiogeographic Affinities." Journal of Paleontology 88, no. 3 (May 2014): 588–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/13-007.

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An uppermost Gzhelian bioherm discovered in the central highlands of Timor Leste contains abundant foraminifera belonging to 17 genera. Representatives of the families Biseriamminidae, Biwaellidae, Bradyinidae, Cornuspiridae, Lasiodiscidae, Palaeotextulariidae, Pseudotaxidae, Ozawainellidae, Schubertellidae, Schwagerinidae, Staffellidae and Textrataxidae are present, including 21 species referred to known types and 12 species left in open nomenclature. Two newSchwagerinaspecies are described:Schwagerina timorensisnew species, andSchwagerina maubissensisnew species. The assemblage belongs to the uppermost GzhelianSchwagerina robusta–Ultradaixina bosbytauensisZone although a possible lowest Asselian correlation cannot be excluded (the nameUltradaixinais controversial and sometimes synonymized asBosbytauella. The case to resolve this issue has been submitted to the Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature). The bioherm is the oldest carbonate unit so far recorded from the Maubisse Formation and the oldest sedimentary unit biostratigraphically dated in Timor. This discovery has implications for the latest Carboniferous–earliest Permian climate history of Timor that lay in the northern part of the north-south East Gondwana rift system along which the western margin of Australia later developed. The highest peak in fusulinid diversity within the Pennsylvanian–Cisuralian interval and a major marine transgression documented in many regions in Northern Pangaea took place during the latest Gzhelian to earliest Asselian and evidence for this is now extended to southern Pangaea. Cluster analysis, using the Jaccard similarity index at species level, of late Gzhelian fusulinids from 16 regions has been performed. This shows that the Timor fauna is most closely related to faunas from South China and the Changning-Menlian region of Yunnan (China). The assemblages here are distinct from those of three biogeographic regions (Arctic, Uralo-Asian and Irano-Taurids) recognized within the Tropical belt.

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15

Yukun, Shi, Jin Xiaochi, Huang Hao, and Yang Xiangning. "Permian fusulinids from the Tengchong Block, Western Yunnan, China." Journal of Paleontology 82, no. 1 (January 2008): 118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/06-036.1.

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Two Permian fusulinid faunas, including nine species belonging to six genera, from the northern Tengchong Block, Southwest China, are studied and compared with the coeval fusulinid faunas from other blocks with Gondwana-affinity and South China. in the Kongshuhe section, the fauna is dominated by Eoparafusulina in the lower part of the Dadongchang Formation and possibly suggests an age of Sakmarian, while in the Shanmutang section, the fauna from the middle of the Dadongchang Formation mainly consists of Chusenella mingguangensis n. sp. and Monodiexodina gigas n. sp., indicating a Wordian to Capitanian age. Study has also demonstrated that fusulinid faunas from the Tengchong Block shared similar features with the contemporary faunas from the Baoshan Block and Sibumasu Block in the low generic and specific diversities and the absence of the taxa commonly found in Cathaysia Tethys areas, such as the Pseudoschwagerinidae, Verbeekinidae, and Neoschwagerinidae. However, visible differences in species composition still exist between the faunas of the Tengchong Block and those of the other two blocks, revealing an apparent regional feature in the faunas of the Tengchong Block.

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16

Davydov, Vladimir I. "Taxonomy, Nomenclature, and Evolution of the Early Schubertellid Fusulinids." Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 56, no. 1 (March 2011): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4202/app.2010.0026.

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17

Idris, M. B., and M. S. Azlan. "Biostratigraphy and paleoecology of fusulinids from Bukit Panching, Pahang." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia 24 (October 30, 1989): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.7186/bgsm24198908.

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18

Leven, E. Ja, and M. N. Gorgij. "New fusulinids of the Moscovian Stage found in Iran." Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation 16, no. 4 (August 2008): 383–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0869593808040035.

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19

OKUYUCU, CENGİZ. "Biostratigraphy and systematics of late Asselian–early Sakmarian (Early Permian) fusulinids (Foraminifera) from southern Turkey." Geological Magazine 145, no. 3 (February 19, 2008): 413–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756808004482.

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AbstractThe Anatolian Platform, which was a part of the Gondwanan Platform, is mainly characterized by carbonate-dominated deposits ranging in age from Devonian to Permian. The biostratigraphy and systematics of a late Asselian–early Sakmarian fusulinid fauna from the Anatolian Platform including Eastern and Central Taurides have been investigated in three sections: Özbek Hill, Eskibey and Bademli. Twenty-four fusulinid taxa, belonging to twelve genera, were determined in a single fusulinid zone dated as late Asselian–early Sakmarian. Early–middle Asselian fusulinid faunas have not been observed in any of the measured sections throughout the Anatolian Platform. This indicates that lower to middle Asselian deposits are represented by an interval characterized by quartz sandstone overlying upper Gzhelian strata. Five new species (Pseudochusenella anatoliana, Pseudofusulinoides altineri, Pseudofusulinoides convexus, Pseudofusulinoides subglobosus and Pseudofusulinoides vachardi) are described in this study. The Early Permian fusulinid fauna correlates very well with the fauna of other sections in the Palaeotethyan realm (Southern Alps, Central Asia, Southern China and Japan).

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20

Stevens, Calvin H., and Charles A. Ross. "Fusulinids from piston cores, Northwind Ridge, Amerasia Basin, Arctic Ocean." Journal of Paleontology 71, no. 3 (May 1997): 357–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000039378.

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Fusulinaceans from the flank of Northwind Ridge in the Arctic Ocean indicate that this feature is underlain by miogeoclinal upper Paleozoic strata, and that the fauna belongs to the Middle Carboniferous through Early Permian Arctic Fusulinacean Province. This province stretched from the Canadian Arctic Islands eastward to Svalbard where it merged with the similar Ural Fusulinacean Province in the western Ural Mountains. Because these provinces did not extend into Siberia, the Northwind Ridge assemblage indicates that these rocks originally were adjacent to, or a part of, the Canadian Arctic Islands Carboniferous-Permian shelf margin.

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21

Shi, Yu-Kun, Hao Huang, and Zong-Hang Shen. "New insights for ancient foraminifera through 3D visuals of fusulinids." Palaeoworld 28, no. 4 (December 2019): 478–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palwor.2018.07.003.

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22

Khodjanyazova, Rimma R., and Vladimir I. Davydov. "Late Moscovian fusulinids from the “N” Formation (Donets Basin, Ukraine)." Journal of Paleontology 87, no. 1 (January 2013): 44–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/11-132r1.1.

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A fusulinoidean taxonomic study of the Gurkovo and Kalinovo sections allows us to refine the biostratigraphy of the poorly studied Myachkovian (upper Moscovian) strata of the “N” Formation in the Donets Basin. Three fusulinid biozones,Hemifusulina graciosa–Fusiella spatiosa,Fusulina cylindrica–Fusulinella pseudobocki, andFusulinella?kumpani, are proposed in the interval from the top of Limestone M10to the base of N3, and they are correlated with coeval strata in the historical type area of the Moscow Basin. A total of 33 fusulinid species and subspecies belonging to eight genera are described, including three new species:Hemifusulina gurkovensisn. sp.,Beedeina innaeformisn. sp., andFusulina sosninaen. sp. The main evolutionary trend in fusulinoidean morphology in the late Moscovian is the appearance of massive secondary deposits in the limestone of the “N” Formation.Specific temporal and distributional patterns of the Middle Pennsylvanian fusulinoidean assemblages indicate variations in sea level stand. Variations are cyclic, with periods ∼600,000–1,000,000 years. AHemifusulina-association indicates the beginning of transgression; the late transgression–high sea level stand is designated by theBeedeina–Neostaffella–Ozawainella–Taitzehoellaassemblage which is successively replaced by the most diverseFusulinella-dominant association, which occupied a progressively shallowing sea.The similarity of fusulinoidean assemblages in the Moscow and Donets Basins and their cognate evolution trends reveal a connection between both regions at least during Podolskian–Myachkovian time.

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23

Leven, E. Ja, and M. N. Gorgij. "Fusulinids and stratigraphy of the Carboniferous and Permian in Iran." Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation 19, no. 7 (December 2011): 687–776. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0869593811070021.

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24

PIRES DE LIMA, RAFAEL, KATIE F. WELCH, JAMES E. BARRICK, KURT J. MARFURT, ROGER BURKHALTER, MURPHY CASSEL, and GERILYN S. SOREGHAN. "CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS AS AN AID TO BIOSTRATIGRAPHY AND MICROPALEONTOLOGY: A TEST ON LATE PALEOZOIC MICROFOSSILS." PALAIOS 35, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 391–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/palo.2019.102.

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ABSTRACT Accurate taxonomic classification of microfossils in thin-sections is an important biostratigraphic procedure. As paleontological expertise is typically restricted to specific taxonomic groups and experts are not present in all institutions, geoscience researchers often suffer from lack of quick access to critical taxonomic knowledge for biostratigraphic analyses. Moreover, diminishing emphasis on education and training in systematics poses a major challenge for the future of biostratigraphy, and on associated endeavors reliant on systematics. Here we present a machine learning approach to classify and organize fusulinids—microscopic index fossils for the late Paleozoic. The technique we employ has the potential to use such important taxonomic knowledge in models that can be applied to recognize and categorize fossil specimens. Our results demonstrate that, given adequate images and training, convolutional neural network models can correctly identify fusulinids with high levels of accuracy. Continued efforts in digitization of biological and paleontological collections at numerous museums and adoption of machine learning by paleontologists can enable the development of highly accurate and easy-to-use classification tools and, thus, facilitate biostratigraphic analyses by non-experts as well as allow for cross-validation of disparate collections around the world. Automation of classification work would also enable expert paleontologists and others to focus efforts on exploration of more complex interpretations and concepts.

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25

Dubicka, Zofia, Maria Gajewska, Wojciech Kozłowski, and Valeria Mikhalevich. "Test structure in some pioneer multichambered Paleozoic foraminifera." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 26 (June 21, 2021): e2100656118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2100656118.

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Foraminiferal wall microstructures, consistent with the molecular-based high-rank classification, are critical to understanding foraminiferal evolution and advanced taxonomic relationships. Although test structures are well documented for recent, Cenozoic, and some Mesozoic foraminifera, the diagnostic characteristics of Paleozoic taxa are largely unexplored. The majority of calcareous Paleozoic foraminifera have been assigned to the Fusulinata based on questionable homogeneously “microgranular” test wall microstructures, which have never been sufficiently documented for most taxa. We investigated the test structures of exceptionally well-preserved Devonian (Eifelian) Semitextularia thomasi, representing the first calcareous true multichambered (serial) foraminifera, and compared this species with a large fusiform Permian representative of “true” fusulinids (Neoschwagerinidae). The tests of Semitextularia thomasi display lamellar structures that are not observed in any other fossil or recent foraminiferal group. The Paleozoic foraminifera, traditionally referred to one taxon (the class Fusulinata), possess at least three contrasting test wall microstructures, representing separate high-rank taxonomic groups. Fusulinata is most likely a highly polyphyletic group that is in need of taxonomic revision. The term Fusulinata, defined as including all Paleozoic calcareous forms except Miliolida and Lagenata, is not phylogenetically meaningful and should no longer be used or should be restricted to true complex fusulinids with microgranular test structures, which appeared in the Carboniferous.

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Stevens, Calvin H., and Paul Stone. "New fusulinids from Lower Permian turbidites at Conglomerate Mesa, southeastern Inyo Mountains, east-central California." Journal of Paleontology 83, no. 3 (May 2009): 399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/08-162.1.

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Seven previously unrecognized fusulinid species from Lower Permian (Wolfcampian and Leonardian) turbidites near Conglomerate Mesa in east-central California, four of which are named as new species, are here described and figured. the four new species are Schwagerina merriami, S. wildei, Parafusulina mackevetti, and Skinnerella rossi. These fusulinid species have close affinities to similar taxa in Texas and northeastern Nevada, and they are distinct from some other faunas of slightly different age in the Conglomerate Mesa area that are dominated by endemic species and other species with Eastern Klamath Mountains affinities.

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27

Leven, E. Ja. "Permian fusulinids of the East Hindu Kush and West Karakorum (Pakistan)." Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation 18, no. 2 (April 2010): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0869593810020012.

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28

Yoneyama, Akio, Kazuyuki Hyodo, Rika Baba, Satoshi Takeya, and Tohoru Takeda. "Feasibility study of phase-contrast X-ray laminography using X-ray interferometry." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 25, no. 6 (October 25, 2018): 1841–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577518013826.

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For fine observation of laminar samples, phase-contrast X-ray laminography using X-ray interferometry was developed. An imaging system fitted with a two-crystal X-ray interferometer was used to perform the observations, and the sectional images were calculated by a three-dimensional iterative reconstruction method. Obtained images of an old flat slab of limestone from the Carnic Alps depicted fusulinids in the Carboniferous period with 3 mg cm−3 density resolution, and those of carbon paper used for a fuel-cell battery displayed the inner fibrous structures clearly.

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29

Stevens, Calvin H., and Paul Stone. "New Permian fusulinids from Conglomerate Mesa, southeastern Inyo Mountains, east-central California." Journal of Paleontology 83, no. 1 (January 2009): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000058091.

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In the Conglomerate Mesa area in the southeastern Inyo Mountains, east-central California, a series of distinctive fusulinid assemblages ranging in age from late Artinskian to Kungurian or Roadian was developed in units 7–10 of the sedimentary rocks of Santa Rosa Flat (part of the Owens Valley Group). The fauna of unit 7 shows some eastern Klamath Mountains affinity, but most of the species in unit 7 and the lower half of unit 8 are highly endemic and comprise three new genera with 12 new species, two unusual unassigned forms, and two other new species assigned to previously described genera. New taxa include: Crenulosepta new genus with five new species, C. inyoensis, C. delicata, C. fusiformis, C. rossi, and C. wahlmani; Nigribaccinus new genus with three new species, N. giganteus, N. elegans, and N.? nestelli; and the new genus Inyoschwagerina with four new species, I. magnifica, I. elayeri, I. elongata, and I.? linderae. Cuniculinella Skinner and Wilde, 1965, is represented by one new species, C. parva, and Skinnerella Coogan, 1960 by one new species, S.? mcallisteri. Faunas from the upper half of unit 8, unit 9, and unit 10 have a strong West Texas affinity. New species from these units are Skinnerella davydovi, S. hexagona, Parafusulina cerrogordoensis, P. complexa, P. halli, P. owensensis, and P. ubehebensis.

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30

Leven, E. Ja, and M. N. Gorgij. "Upper Carboniferous--Permian stratigraphy and fusulinids from the Anarak region, central Iran." Russian Journal of Earth Sciences 8, no. 2 (May 3, 2006): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2205/2006es000200.

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31

Davydov, V. I., P. Belasky, and N. I. Karavayeva. "Permian fusulinids from the Koryak Terrane, northeastern Russia, and their paleobiogeographic affinity." Journal of Foraminiferal Research 26, no. 3 (July 1, 1996): 213–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.26.3.213.

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32

Verville, G. J., G. A. Sanderson, and D. D. Drowley. "Wolfcampian fusulinids from the Antler Peak Limestone, Battle Mountain, Lander County, Nevada." Journal of Foraminiferal Research 16, no. 4 (October 1, 1986): 353–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.16.4.353.

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Stevens, Calvin H., and Paul Stone. "New Permian Fusulinids from Conglomerate Mesa, Southeastern Inyo Mountains, East-Central California." Journal of Paleontology 83, no. 1 (January 2009): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/08-021r.1.

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34

Leven, E. Ja. "Origin of higher fusulinids of the order eoschwagerinida Minato et Honjo, 1966." Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation 18, no. 3 (June 2010): 290–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0869593810030056.

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35

Leven, E. Ja, and H. Yarahmadzahi. "Fusulinids from the Lower Permian Emarat Formation, Gaduk Section, Central Alborz, Iran." Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation 28, no. 2 (March 2020): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0869593820020033.

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36

Stemmerik, L., E. Håkansson, L. Madsen, I. Nilsson, S. Piasecki, S. Pinard, and J. A. Rasmussen. "Stratigraphy and depositional evolution of the Upper Palaeozoic sedimentary succession in eastern Peary Land, North Greenland." Bulletin Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 171 (January 1, 1996): 45–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/bullggu.v171.6733.

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The Upper Palaeozoic Foldedal and Kim Fjelde formations in eastern Peary Land are redefined on the basis of new biostratigraphic data, including fusulinids, conodonts, palynomorps and small foraminifera. The Foldedal Formation in its new definition includes all late Moscovian to Gzelian deposits in the region. It is separated by a major hiatus from the redefined Kim Fjelde Formation which includes mid-Permian (late Artinskian - Kungurian) carbonates and chert deposits. The Upper Carboniferous succession is dominated by cyclically interbedded siliciclastics and carbonates with minor tabular build-ups. The mid and Upper Permian succession consists of cool-water carbonates, spiculitic chert and shales.

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37

Feng, Yan, Haijun Song, and David P. G. Bond. "Size variations in foraminifers from the early Permian to the Late Triassic: implications for the Guadalupian–Lopingian and the Permian–Triassic mass extinctions." Paleobiology 46, no. 4 (September 30, 2020): 511–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pab.2020.37.

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AbstractThe final 10 Myr of the Paleozoic saw two of the biggest biological crises in Earth history: the middlePermian extinction (often termed the Guadalupian–Lopingian extinction [GLE]) that was followed 7–8 Myr later by Earth's most catastrophic loss of diversity, the Permian–Triassic mass extinction (PTME). These crises are not only manifest as sharp decreases in biodiversity and—particularly for the PTME—total ecosystem collapse, but they also drove major changes in biological morphological characteristics such as the Lilliput effect. The evolution of test size among different clades of foraminifera during these two extinction events has been less studied. We analyzed a global database of foraminiferal test size (volume) including 20,226 specimens in 464 genera, 98 families, and 9 suborders from 632 publications. Our analyses reveal significant reductions in foraminiferal mean test size across the Guadalupian/Lopingian boundary (GLB) and the Permian/Triassic boundary (PTB), from 8.89 to 7.60 log10 μm3 (lg μm3) and from 7.25 to 5.82 lg μm3, respectively. The decline in test size across the GLB is a function of preferential extinction of genera exhibiting gigantism such as fusulinoidean fusulinids. Other clades show little change in size across the GLB. In contrast, all Lopingian suborders in our analysis (Fusulinina, Lagenina, Miliolina, and Textulariina) experienced a significant decrease in test size across the PTB, mainly due to size-biased extinction and within-lineage change. The PTME was clearly a major catastrophe that affected many groups simultaneously, and the GLE was more selective, perhaps hinting at a subtler, less extreme driver than the later PTME.

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Wahlman, Gregory P., Christopher R. Pate, David M. Rohr, and Charles A. Ross. "Leonardian (lower Permian) fusulinids from the Cibolo Formation, ChinatiMountains, Presidio County, Texas, USA." Stratigraphy 14, no. 1-4 (November 28, 2017): 425–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29041/strat.14.1-4.425-441.

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39

Vachard, D. "EARLIEST ARTINSKIAN (EARLY PERMIAN) FUSULINIDS REWORKED IN THE TRIASSIC LERCARA FORMATION (NW SICILY)." Journal of Foraminiferal Research 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/0310033.

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40

HAGEMAN, SCOTT A., and ROGER L. KAESLER. "FUSULINIDS: PREDATION DAMAGE AND REPAIR OF TESTS FROM THE UPPER PENNSYLVANIAN OF KANSAS." Journal of Paleontology 76, no. 1 (January 2002): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360(2002)076<0181:fpdaro>2.0.co;2.

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41

Carcione, Lucia, Daniel Vachard, Rossana Martini, Louisette Zaninetti, Benedetto Abate, Giovanna Lo Cicero, and Loris Montanari. "Reworking of fusulinids and calcisphaerids in the Lercara Formation (Sicily, Italy); geological implications." Comptes Rendus Palevol 3, no. 5 (September 2004): 361–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crpv.2004.04.003.

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42

Colpaert, Clémentine, Claude Monnet, and Daniel Vachard. "Eopolydiexodina (Middle Permian giant fusulinids) from Afghanistan: Biometry, morphometry, paleobiogeography, and end-Guadalupian events." Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 102 (April 2015): 127–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2014.10.028.

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43

Leven, E. Ya, and M. N. Gorgij. "Section of Permian deposits and fusulinids in the Halvan Mountains, Yazd province, Central Iran." Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation 17, no. 2 (April 2009): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0869593809020051.

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44

Gorgij, M. N., and E. Ja Leven. "The first findings of fusulinids in the sections of the Sabzevar tectonic block (Iran)." Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation 21, no. 1 (January 2013): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0869593813010048.

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45

Leppig, Ursula. "Functional anatomy of fusulinids (foraminifera): Significance of the polar torsion illustrated inTriticites andSchwagerina (Schwagerinidae)." Paläontologische Zeitschrift 66, no. 1-2 (June 1992): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02989476.

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46

Dullo, Wolf-Christian, and Hans Peter Schönlaub. "Larger benthic foraminifera (fusulinids) in petrogenetic frequencies: the Paleozoic treasure of the Carnic Alps." International Journal of Earth Sciences 101, no. 7 (August 29, 2012): 1875–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00531-012-0812-1.

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47

Navas-Parejo, Pilar. "Carboniferous biostratigraphy of Sonora: a review." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 35, no. 1 (March 21, 2018): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/cgeo.20072902e.2018.1.571.

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A thorough review of the available literature regarding biostratigraphic studies on the Carboniferous sedimentary rocks of Sonora, northwestern Mexico, is presented here. Most frequently reported fossils are marine invertebrates as well as protozoans and vertebrate remains. Most abundant groups are corals, both solitary and colonial, fusulinids and other foraminifera, conodonts, and brachiopods. Less commonly described groups are crinoids, algae, bryozoans, and radiolarians. This revision evidences the high paleobiodiversity and potential research interest of the Carboniferous geological record of Sonora. Although published studies including paleontological information greatly lack detailed specific taxonomic determinations or biostratigraphic analyses, the presence of all Mississippian and Pennsylvanian stages can be inferred. Regional stratigraphic gaps and hiatuses, however, are difficult to determine because of this scarcity of precise datings. Current lithostratigraphic units defined formally or informally are also reviewed.

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48

Lethiers, F., S. Razgallah, J. P. Colin, and D. Vachard. "Micropalaeontology of the Permian Marls of Merbah el Oussif (Jebel Tebaga, Tunisia) with special emphasis on the Ostracods." Journal of Micropalaeontology 8, no. 2 (December 1, 1989): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/jm.8.2.227.

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Abstract. The Marls of Merbah el Oussif are part of the Permian series of the Jebel Tebaga of Médénine in Tunisia. They belong to the uppermost Murghabian, a stage intermediate between the Wordian and the Capitanian. These green marls were deposited in lows at the base of sponge bioherms. The sedimentation rate was high and the environment well oxygenated. The marls contain a relatively rich assemblage of isolated sponges, gastropods, smaller foraminifera, fusulinids, dasycladacean algae and ostracods. Amongst those, for the first time reported from the Permian of Tunisia, 14 species have been identified and one new species described, Bairdiacypris postrectiformis sp. nov. The geographic and stratigraphic distribution of several species are discussed. This ostracod fauna indicates a shallow nearshore environment and suggests a western, not eastern connection between the Tethys and the Texas Sea.

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Leven, E. Ja, and M. N. Gorgij. "Fusulinids of the Khan formation (Kalmard region, eastern Iran) and some problems of their paleobiogeography." Russian Journal of Earth Sciences 9, no. 1 (October 2, 2007): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2205/2007es000219.

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50

Leven, E. Ja, and M. N. Gorgij. "Fusulinids from the lower Permian Chili Formation of the Rahdar section, Kalmard block, Central Iran." Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation 21, no. 4 (July 2013): 408–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0869593813040060.

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