Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fuzzy TOPSIS'

This master's thesis deals with extensions of TOPSIS method, which is one of methods for multi-criteria evaluation of alternatives. These extensions use theory of fuzzy sets (FS) and their futher extensions to interval-valued (IVFS), intuitionistic (IFS) and hesitant (HFS) fuzzy sets and their combinations (IVIFS, IVIHFS). Significant part of this thesis explains the principle of fuzzy sets and their generalizations. Descriptions of operators for aggregations of grades of membership has very important role here. Next, very short description of multi-criteria evaluation problems and detailed description of TOPSIS method are contained. The second half of this thesis is dedicated to four existing extensions of TOPSIS metod that uses theories of FS, IVFS, IVIFS and IVIHFS. Every method is illustrated with an example that shows principle of calculations. It illustrates new possibilities of the methods that use new sets theories and potential complications and deviations from the original TOPSIS method. At the end of this thesis, evaluation of usefulness of used approaches is mentioned.

A seleção de fornecedores tem impacto significante no custo e na qualidade de produtos manufaturados. Por isso, a seleção de fornecedores passou a ser vista como uma atividade bastante crítica para o desempenho da empresa compradora. Muitos estudos da literatura propõem o uso dos métodos multicritério fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) e fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) para apoiar a seleção de fornecedores. Contudo, não são encontrados estudos que avaliem o desempenho destes métodos quando usados neste domínio de problema. Diante desta lacuna, este estudo compara os métodos fuzzy TOPSIS (CHEN, 2000) e fuzzy AHP (CHANG, 1996) no apoio à seleção de fornecedores. Esta pesquisa utiliza uma abordagem quantitativa descritiva empírica, baseada em modelagem e simulação. Os métodos fuzzy TOPSIS e fuzzy AHP foram aplicados em um caso ilustrativo de seleção de fornecedores. O desempenho dos fornecedores e o peso dos critérios foram avaliados por um especialista de uma empresa. Modelos de simulação foram implementados usando MATLAB® e aplicados na seleção de fornecedores de uma empresa de uma cadeia de suprimentos automotiva. Cinco fornecedores foram avaliados em relação à qualidade, custo, entrega, perfil e relacionamento. O peso dos critérios e o desempenho dos fornecedores foi avaliado por meio da opinião de um especialista da empresa. Posteriormente, os métodos fuzzy TOPSIS e fuzzy AHP foram comparados em relação à capacidade de apoiar a decisão em grupo, qualificação de fornecedores, escolha final de fornecedores, situações de compra e modelagem de decisões sob incerteza. A eficiência dos métodos em relação à complexidade computacional e à interação requerida com o usuário também foi comparada. Os resultados mostraram que o fuzzy TOPSIS é mais flexível e mais adequado que o fuzzy AHP para modelar diferentes tipos de cenários de seleção de fornecedores. A realização desta discussão é sugerida por Ertugrul e Karakasoglu (2008), e é relevante para ajudar pesquisadores e gestores na escolha de abordagens efetivas para lidar com diferentes cenários de seleção de fornecedores.
Supplier selection has a significant influence on the cost, quality and delivery of products of the buying company. Therefore, supplier selection has become a very critical activity to the performance of the buying company. Several studies presented in the literature propose the use of fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) and fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) to aid the decision process of supplier selection. However, there are no comparative studies of these two methods when applied to the problem of supplier selection. Thus, this paper presents a comparative analysis of the methods fuzzy TOPSIS (Chen, 2000) and fuzzy AHP (Chang, 1996) applied to the problem of supplier selection. A descriptive quantitative approach was adopted as the research method. Algorithms of the methods fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy AHP were developed in Matlab© and applied to the selection of suppliers of a company in the automotive production chain. Five suppliers were evaluated regarding quality of conformance, cost, delivery, profile and relationship. The weight of the criteria and the performance of the suppliers were evaluated by specialist opinion from the studied company. The methods Fuzzy TOPSIS e Fuzzy AHP were compared in terms of ability to support the group decision, supplier qualification, final choice of suppliers, buying situations and modeling decisions under uncertainty. The efficiency of the methods with respect to computational complexity and the required user interaction was also compared. The comparative analysis shows that Fuzzy TOPSIS presents better than Fuzzy AHP performance, especially in scenarios in wich many alternatives are evaluated. Thus, Fuzzy TOPSIS is more flexible and appropriate than Fuzzy AHP to deal with supplier selection problem. This paper presents a new study, comparing the methods Fuzzy TOPSIS and Fuzzy AHP. As commented by Ertugrul and Karakasoglu (2008), a study such as this can contribute to the advance of knowledge, helping researchers and practitioners choosing more effective approaches to supplier selection.

Increasing global competition, rapid technological changes, advances in manufacturing and information technology and discerning customers are forcing supply chains to adopt improvement practices that enable them to deliver high quality products at a lower cost and in a shorter period of time. A lean initiative is one of the most effective approaches toward achieving this goal. In the lean improvement process, it is critical to measure current and desired performance level in order to clearly evaluate the lean implementation efforts. Many attempts have tried to measure supply chain performance incorporating both quantitative and qualitative measures but failed to provide an effective method of measuring improvements in performances for dynamic lean supply chain situations. Therefore, the necessity of appropriate measurement of lean supply chain performance has become imperative. There are many lean tools available for supply chains; however, effectiveness of a lean tool depends on the type of the product and supply chain. One tool may be highly effective for a supply chain involved in high volume products but may not be effective for low volume products. There is currently no systematic methodology available for selecting appropriate lean strategies based on the type of supply chain and market strategy This thesis develops an effective method to measure the performance of supply chain consisting of both quantitative and qualitative metrics and investigates the effects of product types and lean tool selection on the supply chain performance Supply chain performance matrices and the effects of various lean tools over performance metrics mentioned in the SCOR framework have been investigated. A lean supply chain model based on the SCOR metric framework is then developed where non- lean and lean as well as quantitative and qualitative metrics are incorporated in appropriate metrics. The values of appropriate metrics are converted into triangular fuzzy numbers using similarity rules and heuristic methods. Data have been collected from an apparel manufacturing company for multiple supply chain products and then a fuzzy based method is applied to measure the performance improvements in supply chains. Using the fuzzy TOPSIS method, which chooses an optimum alternative to maximise similarities with positive ideal solutions and to minimise similarities with negative ideal solutions, the performances of lean and non- lean supply chain situations for three different apparel products have been evaluated. To address the research questions related to effective performance evaluation method and the effects of lean tools over different types of supply chains; a conceptual framework and two hypotheses are investigated. Empirical results show that implementation of lean tools have significant effects over performance improvements in terms of time, quality and flexibility. Fuzzy TOPSIS based method developed is able to integrate multiple supply chain matrices onto a single performance measure while lean supply chain model incorporates qualitative and quantitative metrics. It can therefore effectively measure the improvements for supply chain after implementing lean tools. It is demonstrated that product types involved in the supply chain and ability to select right lean tools have significant effect on lean supply chain performance. Future study can conduct multiple case studies in different contexts.

PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
A avaliação e seleção de tecnologias de geração de energia elétrica a partir de fontes renováveis visa melhorar a eficiência nas decisões de expansão dos sistemas elétricos em geral, elencando tecnologias mais adequadas em função de seus impactos ambientais, sociais, econômicos, técnicos e políticos. Os processos decisórios referentes à escolha de tecnologias de geração de energia caracterizam-se por subjetividade, incerteza e ambiguidade. Os métodos multicritério de apoio à decisão, combinados com a lógica dos conjuntos fuzzy constituem uma alternativa adequada para a modelagem de avaliação e seleção de tecnologias em ambientes sob incerteza. O objetivo principal desta dissertação é propor um modelo de avaliação e seleção de tecnologias para geração de energia elétrica a partir de fontes renováveis, com o auxílio de métodos multicritério fuzzy de apoio à decisão. A pesquisa pode ser considerada aplicada, descritiva e metodológica. Quanto aos meios de investigação, a metodologia compreende pesquisa bibliográfica e documental; pesquisa experimental, com a aplicação de métodos multicritério fuzzy de apoio à decisão para hierarquização de alternativas tecnológicas de energia elétrica a partir de fontes renováveis; e desenvolvimento de um estudo empírico no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Destacam-se como resultados a seleção de tecnologias mais adequadas em função de seus impactos ambientais, sociais, econômicos, técnicos e políticos e a demonstração da aplicabilidade do modelo proposto. No caso do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, a tecnologia que se mostrou mais adequada, dado potencial de fontes renováveis, foi a solar fotovoltaica.
Assessment and selection of renewable energy generation technologies addresses to improve efficiency in electrical system expansion decisions, by selecting technologies that are more appropriate considering some criteria, like environmental, social, economic, technical and political. The decision-making processes regarding the choice of energy generation technologies are characterized by subjectivity, uncertainty and ambiguity. Multicriteria decision support method, combined with fuzzy logic, is an adequate alternative for measuring and evaluating the performance of technologies in environment under uncertainty. The main aim of this dissertation is to propose a model for selection the performance of technologies for electric power generation from renewable sources, with the support of multicriteria fuzzy decision-making methods. The research can be considered applied, descriptive and methodological. As for means of investigation, the methodology comprises bibliographical and documentary research; Experimental research, with the application of multicriteria fuzzy decision-making methods for hierarchization of technologies for electric power generation alternatives from renewable sources; and development of an empirical study in the State of Rio de Janeiro. The results highlight the selection of the most appropriate technologies according to their environmental, social, economic, technical and political impacts and the demonstration of the applicability of the proposed model. In the case of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the most appropriate technology, given the potential of renewable sources, was solar photovoltaic.

Fuzzy systems and networks are vital within the armoury of fuzzy tools and applicable to real life decision making environments. Three types of fuzzy systems introduced in literatures which are systems with single rule base, systems with multiple rule bases and system with networked rule bases. This research introduces novel extension of the Technique of Ordering of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods and uses fuzzy systems and networks to solve multi-criteria decision making problems where both benefit and cost are presented as subsystems. In conjunction, the implementation of fuzzy sets type-1, type-2 and Z-number of proposed approaches is also presented. Furthermore, literatures have observed that tracking the performance of criteria is crucial by controlling the estimation of uncertainty of the criteria. Thus, the decision maker evaluates the performance of each alternative and further observes the performance for both benefit and cost criteria. This research improves significantly the transparency of the TOPSIS methods while ensuring higher effectiveness in comparison to established approaches. Ensuring the practicality and the effectiveness of proposed methods in a realistic scenario, the problem of ranking traded stock is studied. This case study is conducted based on stocks traded in a developing financial market such as Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange. The ranking based on proposed methods is validated comparatively using performance indicators such as Spearman Rho correlation, Kendall Tau correlation, Root Mean Square Errror and Average Absolute Distance by assuming ranking based on return on investment as a benchmarking. Based on the case study, the proposed methods outperform the established TOPSIS methods in term of average rank position.

We are living in a world full of uncertainty and ambiguity. We usually ask ourselves questions that we are uncertain about their answers. Is it going to rain tomorrow? What will be the exchange rate of euro next month? Why, where and how should I invest? Type-1 Fuzzy sets are characterized by the membership function whose value for a given element x is said to be the grade of membership having a value in the interval [0, 1]. In addition, type-1 fuzzy sets have limited capabilities to deal with uncertainty. In our thesis, we study another concept of a fuzzy description of uncertainty which is called Type-2 fuzzy sets. According to this concept, for any given element x, we can’t speak of an unambiguously specified value of the membership function. Moreover, Type-2 fuzzy sets constitute a powerful tool for handling uncertainty. The aim of our thesis is to examine the potential of the Type-2 fuzzy sets especially in decision making. So, we present basic definitions concerning Type-2 fuzzy sets, and operations on these sets are to be discussed too. Then, Type-2 fuzzy relations and methods of transformation of Type-2 fuzzy sets will be introduced. Also, the theory of Type-2 Fuzzy sets will serve for the construction of the fuzzy inference system. Finally, we utilize interval type-2 fuzzy sets in the application of Multiple Attributes Group Decision Making which is called TOPSIS.

This thesis presents a detailed study about one of the Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) models, namely Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), based on fuzzy set theory (FST) by focusing on improving modelling uncertain information provided by a group of decision makers (DMs). An exploration of issues and limitations in current models of standard TOPSIS and fuzzy TOPSIS were made. Despite many variations of type-1 fuzzy TOPSIS (T1-TOPSIS) model, none of the studies explaining the details of the key stages of standard TOPSIS (non-fuzzy) and T1-TOPSIS are based on a step-wise procedure. A detailed study was conducted which involve the process of identifying the limitations of standard TOPSIS and T1-TOPSIS. Based on this, a novel contribution on the comparison between these two models in systematic stepwise procedure was given. This study successfully identified and discussed the limitations, issues and challenges which have not been investigated sufficiently in the context of T1-TOPSIS model. Based on this exploration, further investigation of multiple variants of the extension of the fuzzy TOPSIS model for solving the MCDM problem was made with the primary aim of detailing the steps involved. One challenge that has risen is that it is not straightforward to differentiate between the multiple variants of TOPSIS existing today. A systematic comparison was made between standard T1-TOPSIS model with the recently extended model to show the differences between both models and to provide context for their respective strengths and limitations both in the complexity of application and expressiveness of results. Based on the resulting comparison, the differences in the steps implemented by these two Fuzzy TOPSIS models were highlighted throughout the worked example. Furthermore, this task highlights the ability of both models to handle different levels of uncertainty. Following the exploration of issues and limitations of the current model, as well as a comparative study, a novel extension of type-2 fuzzy TOPSIS model is proposed in this thesis which suggests providing an interval-valued output to reflect the uncertainties and to model subjective information. The proposed model enables to uniquely captures input uncertainty (i.e., decision-makers' preferences) in the decision-making outputs and provide a direct mapping of uncertainty in the inputs to outputs. By keeping the output values in interval form, the proposed model reduces the loss of information and maximises the potential benefit of using Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Sets (IT2 FSs). To demonstrate the MCDM problems when a various level of uncertainty is introduced, a novel experimental method was proposed in this study. The primary aim is to explore the use of IT2 FSs in handling uncertainty based on the TOPSIS model. This experiment was conducted to show how the variation of uncertainty levels in the input affects the final outputs. An implementation of the proposed model to two different case studies was conducted to evaluate the proposed model. The proposed model for the first time generates an interval-valued output. As intervals can, for example, exhibit partial overlap, a novel extended measure is proposed to compare the resulting interval-valued output from various cases (i.e., overlapping and non-overlapping) of the interval with considering uncertainty.

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial
Com os crescentes problemas associados ao elevado consumo energético e à emissão de poluentes para a atmosfera, as preocupações em torno da sustentabilidade ganham uma dimensão considerável. Aproximadamente 2% destas emissões são provocadas pelo setor das tecnologias de informação. Os parâmetros associados ao green IT são uma ferramenta com a capacidade de controlar e reduzir a pegada de carbono provocada pelas tecnologias de infor-mação, supondo a adoção de iniciativas sustentáveis ao longo do ciclo de vida de um equipa-mento. No contexto empresarial, com o aumento da utilização das TIC, o consumo de energia aumen-ta gradualmente e as opiniões relativamente ao green IT dividem-se. Enquanto algumas em-presas defendem que as práticas sustentáveis estão fora dos seus limites de ação, outras en-caram as iniciativas verdes como um benefício para o negócio. O principal objetivo deste estudo é conceber um modelo de decisão que apoie as empresas na utilização sustentável das tecnologias de informação. Adicionalmente pretende-se testar a apli-cabilidade do modelo, verificando a implementação dos parâmetros de green IT nas empresas. Para tal, foram feitas comparações par a par entre os critérios correspondentes ao comporta-mento humano e à redução da energia consumida pelas infraestruturas, sendo obtidos pesos para cada parâmetro. Estes pesos foram considerados no contexto organizacional, ficando a conhecer-se o grau de implementação das iniciativas sustentáveis nas empresas estudadas. A aplicabilidade do modelo ficou provada, apesar de ser necessário um maior número de da-dos para permitir o seu emprego em contexto real. Os testes aplicados aos casos de estudo permitiram concluir que a empresa com uma utilização mais sustentável das tecnologias é a empresa de prestação de serviços.

The Subsea blowout preventer (BOP) which is latched to a subsea wellhead is one of several barriers in the well to prevent kicks and blowouts and it is the most important and critical equipment, as it becomes the last line of protection against blowout. The BOP system used in Subsea drilling operations is considered a Safety – Critical System, with a high severity consequence following its failure. Following past offshore blowout incidents such as the most recent Macondo in the Gulf of Mexico, there have been investigations, research, and improvements sought for improved understanding of the BOP system and its operation. This informs the need for a systematic re-evaluation of the Subsea BOP system to understand its associated risk and reliability and identify critical areas/aspects/components. Different risk analysis techniques were surveyed and the Failure modes effect and criticality analysis (FMECA) selected to be used to drive the study in this thesis. This is due to it being a simple proven cost effective process that can add value to the understanding of the behaviours and properties of a system, component, software, function or other. The output of the FMECA can be used to inform or support other key engineering tasks such as redesigning, enhanced qualification and testing activity or maintenance for greater inherent reliability and reduced risk potential. This thesis underscores the application of the FMECA technique to critique associated risk of the Subsea BOP system. System Functional diagrams was developed with boundaries defined, a FMECA were carried out and an initial select list of critical component failure modes identified. The limitations surrounding the confidence of the FMECA failure modes ranking outcome based on Risk priority number (RPN) is presented and potential variations in risk interpretation are discussed. The main contribution in this thesis is an innovative framework utilising Multicriteria decision making (MCDA) analysis techniques with consideration of fuzzy interval data is applied to the Subsea BOP system critical failure modes from the FMECA analysis. It utilised nine criticality assessment criteria deduced from expert consultation to obtain a more reliable ranking of failure modes. The MCDA techniques applied includes the technique for order of Preference for similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), Fuzzy TOPSIS, TOPSIS with interval data, and Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment of Evaluations (PROMETHEE). The outcome of the Multi-criteria analysis of the BOP system clearly shows failures of the Wellhead connector, LMRP hydraulic connector and Control system related failure as the Top 3 most critical failure with respect to a well control. The critical failure mode and components outcome from the analysis in this thesis is validated using failure data from industry database and a sensitivity analysis carried out. The importance of maintenance, testing and redundancy to the BOP system criticality was established by the sensitivity analysis. The potential for MCDA to be used for more specific analysis of criteria for a technology was demonstrated. Improper maintenance, inspection, testing (functional and pressure) are critical to the BOP system performance and sustenance of a high reliability level. Material selection and performance of components (seals, flanges, packers, bolts, mechanical body housings) relative to use environment and operational conditions is fundamental to avoiding failure mechanisms occurrence. Also worthy of notice is the contribution of personnel and organisations (by way of procedures to robustness and verification structure to ensure standard expected practices/rules are followed) to failures as seen in the root cause discussion. OEMs, operators and drilling contractors to periodically review operation scenarios relative to BOP system product design through the use of a Failure reporting analysis and corrective action system. This can improve design of monitoring systems, informs requirement for re-qualification of technology and/or next generation designs. Operations personnel are to correctly log in failures in these systems, and responsible Authority to ensure root cause analysis is done to uncover underlying issue initiating and driving failures.

Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) is one of the most well-known branch of decision making, representing a starting point for solving important practical issues. In the present thesis, two methods are applied: Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS . In order to deal with this problem, the objective of the thesis is to validate or not a future possible investment proposed by a Paduan (IT) aluminium enterprise. It would like to implement a Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Morocco in a local firm belonging to the same industry sector. The goal of the thesis is the identification of the best country in the Mediterranean zone where apply the FDI for a medium-large aluminium enterprise of Italian North-East. The final result will not validate the investment proposed by the Paduan firm and reward Morocco as not the best area for this type of investment. Fuzzy AHP method identifies the factors (cost, labour characteristics, political and economic factors…) necessary to consider for this type of investment, while TOPSIS method, through the previous result, creates the final rank of countries from the best one where apply an FDI for an aluminium company to the worst one.

Offshore oil and gas exploitation is principally conducted using dry or wet tree systems, otherwise called the subsea Xmas tree system. Due to the shift to deeper waters, subsea production system (SPS) has come to be a preferred technology with attendant economic benefits. At the centre of the SPS is the subsea control module (SCM), responsible for the proper functioning and monitoring of the entire system. With increasing search for hydrocarbons in deep and ultra-deepwaters, the SCM system faces important environmental, safety and reliability challenges and little research has been done in this area. Analysis of the SCM reliability then becomes very fundamental due to the huge cost associated with failure. Several tools are available for this analysis, but the FMECA stands out due to its ability to not only provide failure data, but also showcase the system’s failure modes and mechanisms associated with the subsystems and components being evaluated. However, the technique has been heavily challenged in various literatures for several reasons. To close this gap, a novel multi-criteria approach is developed for the analysis and ranking of the SCM failures modes. This research specifically focusses on subsea tree-mounted electro-hydraulic (E-H) SCM responsible for the underwater control of oil and gas production. A risk identification of the subsea control module is conducted using industry experts. This is followed by a comprehensive component based FMECA analysis of the SCM conducted with the conventional RPN technique, which reveals the most critical failure modes for the SCM. A novel framework is developed using multi-criteria fuzzy TOPSIS methodology and applied to the most critical failure modes obtained from the FMECA evaluation using unconventional parameters. Finally, a validation of these results is performed using a stochastic input evaluation and SCM failure data obtained from the offshore industry standard reliability database, OREDA.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-04-25T21:18:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LucasMartorelliGondimLuz_DISSERT.pdf: 1583842 bytes, checksum: df20ff101760de2e1c9cd23c387cd2ea (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-27T19:40:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LucasMartorelliGondimLuz_DISSERT.pdf: 1583842 bytes, checksum: df20ff101760de2e1c9cd23c387cd2ea (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:40:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LucasMartorelliGondimLuz_DISSERT.pdf: 1583842 bytes, checksum: df20ff101760de2e1c9cd23c387cd2ea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-15
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq)
Este trabalho apresenta uma aplica??o multicrit?rio h?brida Fuzzy-ELECTRETOPSIS para o problema de sele??o de Servi?os de Computa??o em Nuvem. A pesquisa foi de car?ter explorat?rio, utilizando de um Estudo de Caso, baseado nas exig?ncias reais de profissionais da ?rea de Computa??o em Nuvem. A obten??o dos resultados foi feita a partir da condu??o de Experimento alinhado ao Estudo de Caso, utilizando o perfil distinto de tr?s decisores, para tal, utilizou-se o m?todo Fuzzy-TOPSIS e Fuzzy-ELECTRETOPSIS para obten??o destes resultados e compara??o entre eles. A solu??o contempla a Teoria dos conjuntos Fuzzy, para assim poder suportar informa??es de car?ter impreciso ou subjetivo, facilitando assim a interpreta??o do julgamento do decisor no processo de tomada de decis?o. Os resultados obtidos mostram que ambos os m?todos foram capaz de classificar as alternativas existentes no problema da maneira esperada, por?m o m?todo Fuzzy-ELECTRE-TOPSIS foi capaz de atenuar o car?ter compensat?rio existente no m?todo Fuzzy-TOPSIS, resultando na ordena??o diferenciada das alternativas existentes no problema de decis?o. A atenua??o do car?ter compensat?rio destacou-se de maneira positiva dentro do problema abordado, pois valorizou alternativas mais balanceadas que o m?todo Fuzzy-TOPSIS, um fator que foi comprovado como importante na valida??o do estudo, visto que para composi??o de um mix de servi?o as alternativas mais balanceadas constituem um mix mais consistente ao se trabalhar com restri??es.
This work presents an application of a hybrid Fuzzy-ELECTRE-TOPSIS multicriteria approach for a Cloud Computing Service selection problem. The research was exploratory, using a case of study based on the actual requirements of professionals in the field of Cloud Computing. The results were obtained by conducting an experiment aligned with a Case of Study using the distinct profile of three decision makers, for that, we used the Fuzzy-TOPSIS and Fuzzy-ELECTRE-TOPSIS methods to obtain the results and compare them. The solution includes the Fuzzy sets theory, in a way it could support inaccurate or subjective information, thus facilitating the interpretation of the decision maker judgment in the decision-making process. The results show that both methods were able to rank the alternatives from the problem as expected, but the Fuzzy-ELECTRE-TOPSIS method was able to attenuate the compensatory character existing in the Fuzzy-TOPSIS method, resulting in a different alternative ranking. The attenuation of the compensatory character stood out in a positive way at ranking the alternatives, because it prioritized more balanced alternatives than the Fuzzy-TOPSIS method, a factor that has been proven as important at the validation of the Case of Study, since for the composition of a mix of services, balanced alternatives form a more consistent mix when working with restrictions.

O processo de tomada de decisão que envolve a priorização e a seleção de projetos de investimentos na indústria do petróleo está longe de ser uma tarefa trivial. Ao mesmo tempo em que a empresa deve buscar relações favoráveis entre risco e retorno econômico-financeiro também deve se alinhar cada vez mais aos princípios do desenvolvimento sustentável em seus negócios. Em se tratando do caso da indústria petrolífera brasileira, formada essencialmente por um monopólio estatal, esta tarefa se torna ainda mais difícil, já que uma série de interesses públicos relacionados ao investimento também devem ser considerados. Sendo assim, o objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi o desenvolvimento e a aplicação de um modelo original de análise usando múltiplos critérios que auxiliasse na priorização e na seleção de projetos de investimentos nas refinarias de petróleo brasileiras. Utilizou-se uma metodologia de pesquisa quantitativa com o uso de diversos artefatos de matemática aplicada capazes de lidar adequadamente com as avaliações muitas vezes incompletas e subjetivas que caracterizam o problema da análise de investimentos em refinarias de petróleo. Ao final do trabalho, conseguiu-se obter um modelo suficientemente simples, ao ponto de ser facilmente implementado em uma planilha eletrônica, robusto, ao ser capaz de lidar de maneira bastante adequada com as principais peculiaridades que envolvem o setor do refino de petróleo no Brasil e flexível, de maneira que os critérios de análise e as alternativas de decisão pudessem ser facilmente adicionados, removidos ou alterados de acordo com as necessidades específicas exigidas para cada caso.
The decision-making process involving the prioritization and selection of investment projects in the oil industry is far from being a trivial task. At the same time that the company must seek for a favorable relationship between risk and economic-financial return it must also be more and more aligned to the principles of sustainable development in their business. Regarding to the case of the Brazilian oil industry, essentially formed by a state monopoly, this task becomes even more difficult, since a number of public interests related to investment should also be considered. Thus, the main objective of this research was the development and application of an original analysis model using multiple criteria that help in the prioritization and selection of investment projects on the Brazilian oil refineries. We used a quantitative research methodology using various applied mathematical tools capable of dealing properly with often incomplete and subjective valuations of investment analysis in oil refineries. At the end, it was possible to obtain a sufficiently simple model, that could be easily implemented in a spreadsheet, robust, to deal in a properly way with the main peculiarities involving the oil refining sector in Brazil and sufficiently flexible so that the criteria for analysis and decision alternatives could be easily added, removed or modified in accordance with the specific needs required for each case.

Este trabalho apresenta o processo de seleção de estratégia de reconversão industrial de uma pequena refinaria de petróleo no Sul do Brasil através da aplicação de uma modelagem integrada, utilizando um método multicriterial e programação matemática. Neste estudo foram identificadas linhas de negócio potencialmente aplicáveis à realidade da companhia e definido um conjunto de critérios de análise abrangendo as três dimensões da sustentabilidade empresarial: econômica, social e ambiental. Com base na avaliação da importância relativa de cada critério, atribuída por um grupo de decisores, e no desempenho das linhas de negócio em cada um dos critérios, foi aplicado método fuzzy TOPSIS para análise e ordenação das linhas de negócio. As informações resultantes desta análise, juntamente com dados econômicos objetivos, foram utilizadas em um modelo de programação linear inteira para avaliar portfólios viáveis de linhas de negócio, identificando estratégias candidatas à implementação na refinaria. O desempenho global de cada estratégia candidata, obtido mediante agregação dos desempenhos individuais das linhas de negócio e calculado conforme método fuzzy TOPSIS, foi analisado através de ferramentas gráficas, de modo a gerar elementos para subsidiar a seleção da melhor estratégia de reconversão. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram a eficiência da abordagem proposta, no sentido de facilitar o entendimento e a exploração da situação problema e, assim, oferecer um adequado suporte à tomada de decisão.
This dissertation presents a selection process of industrial reconversion strategy in a small oil refinery in southern Brazil by applying an integrated modeling approach, using a multicriteria and a mathematical programming method. Potentially performing business lines were identified, as well a set of criteria covering the three dimensions of corporate sustainability: economic, social and environmental. Based on the relative importance evaluation of each criteria given by a group of decision-makers, and on performance of the business lines in each of the criteria, fuzzy TOPSIS method was applied for analysis and sorting of business lines. The information resulting from this analysis, along with objective economic data, were used in integer linear programming model to evaluate effective portfolios of business lines, identifying candidate strategies to implement in the refinery. Fuzzy TOPSIS is used to generate overall performance scores of each candidate strategy, aggregating the individual performance of the business lines. The sustainability assessment was analyzed through graphical tools in order to generate information to support the selection of the best strategy for the industrial reconversion. The results demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed approach to facilitate the understanding and exploitation of the problem situation and thus offer adequate support to decision making.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:53:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EvertonS_DISSERT.pdf: 1215528 bytes, checksum: 9fd0b2ab4c831dc0b107eb1bed7bb87b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-27
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico
This work presents a hybrid approach for the supplier selection problem in Supply Chain Management. We joined decision-making philosophy by researchers from business school and researchers from engineering in order to deal with the problem more extensively. We utilized traditional multicriteria decision-making methods, like AHP and TOPSIS, in order to evaluate alternatives according decision maker s preferences. The both techiniques were modeled by using definitions from the Fuzzy Sets Theory to deal with imprecise data. Additionally, we proposed a multiobjetive GRASP algorithm to perform an order allocation procedure between all pre-selected alternatives. These alternatives must to be pre-qualified on the basis of the AHP and TOPSIS methods before entering the LCR. Our allocation procedure has presented low CPU times for five pseudorandom instances, containing up to 1000 alternatives, as well as good values for all considered objectives. This way, we consider the proposed model as appropriate to solve the supplier selection problem in the SCM context. It can be used to help decision makers in reducing lead times, cost and risks in their supply chain. The proposed model can also improve firm s efficiency in relation to business strategies, according decision makers, even when a large number of alternatives must be considered, differently from classical models in purchasing literature
Este trabalho apresenta uma abordagem h?brida para o problema de sele??o de fornecedores em cadeias de suprimentos geridas com base na metodologia SCM (do ingl?s, Supply Chain Management). Busca-se combinar as filosofias de avalia??o tradicionalmente adotadas pelos pesquisadores oriundos da escola de neg?cios e pelos pesquisadores oriundos da ?rea de engenharia, esta ?ltima baseada em otimiza??o, para o trato do problema. Para tal, utilizam-se t?cnicas multicrit?rios tradicionais, como os m?todos AHP e TOPSIS para avaliar as alternativas segundo a prefer?ncia dos decisores. Ambas as t?cnicas s?o modeladas de maneira a suportar defini??es da Teoria dos Conjuntos Fuzzy, tratando-se assim informa??es imprecisas. Adicionalmente, apresenta-se um algoritmo GRASP, com base em m?ltiplos objetivos, para a aloca??o de pedidos entre as alternativas pr?-selecionadas por meio dos m?todos supracitados. Este algoritmo, por sua vez, apresenta tempos de CPU relativamente baixos para cinco inst?ncias pseudo-aleat?rias, contendo entre 20 e 1000 alternativas, bem como valores pr?ximos aos valores m?nimos para cada um dos objetivos considerados. Destaca-se que o modelo proposto se mostrou apropriado para a avalia??o de fornecedores no contexto apresentado, podendo-se auxiliar os decisores na redu??o de lead times, custos e riscos de sua cadeia de suprimentos, bem como na melhoria da efici?ncia desta estrutura em rela??o ? sua vis?o de neg?cios, mesmo quando um n?mero elevado de alternativas ? considerado, diferentemente dos modelos cl?ssicos apresentados na literatura

För att vara konkurrenskraftiga på marknaden tvingas företag utveckla nya strategier för produktutveckling, som kan anpassas till allt högre kundbehov. Syftet med detta arbete var att effektivisera produktutvecklingen för företag inom tillverkningsindustrin. Målet var att utveckla en effektiv arbetsprocess för produktutveckling samt att tillämpa processen på ett projekt, där ett helautomatiskt snabbfäste till mindre hjullastare skulle standardiseras till företaget OilQuick.Examensarbetet delades in i två delar. Den första delen behandlar skapandet av arbetsprocessen. Denna grundas i befintlig forskning och identifierades genom en litteraturstudie. Den andra delen behandlar tillämpning av arbetsprocessen på standardiseringen av snabbfästet till hjullastare. Data och kunskap till arbetet samlades in genom marknadsundersökningar, studiebesök, möten med kunder och Reverse Engineering. Kundkraven rangordnades med Best-worst metoden och översattes till tekniska produktegenskaper med Kvalitetshuset.Tre koncept genererades i Autodesk Inventor utifrån kraven och produktegenskaperna, samt datan som framkom av Reverse Engineering och marknadsundersökningen. Enligt kundkravet behövde det färdiga snabbfästet passa minst fyra olika hjullastarmodeller i viktklassen fem till åtta ton. Detta medförde att alla tre koncepten modulbaserades, både för att underlätta eventuella modifikationer mellan hjullastarmodellerna och för att minimera antalet detaljer som behövde modifieras. Alla tre konceptens redskapsgrindar hade standardiserade mått som passade de undersökta hjullastarmodeller. Det koncept som bäst uppfyllde kundkraven utvärderades med Fuzzy TOPSIS metoden. Det slutgiltiga konceptet justerades utifrån kundens önskemål innan det färdiga resultatet presenterades.Resultatet visade att arbetsprocessen var effektiv; Reverse Engineering och samarbetet med kunden gav en inblick i problematiken och förståelse för produkten, Best-worst metoden gjorde att rangordningen av kraven gick snabbt utan att minska på pålitligheten och Fuzzy TOPSIS metoden effektiviserade konceptvalet samtidigt som alla inblandades åsikter blev hörda. För att effektivisera produktutvecklingen ytterligare bör fler metoder undersökas alternativt utvecklas.Konceptförslagen som konstruerades påvisade att det är möjligt att standardisera gränssnittet mellan hjullastare och redskap. Genom modulärkonstruktion kunde snabbfästet anpassas till fyra olika hjullastarmodeller. Innan vidareutveckling av snabbfästet bör fler hjullastare mätas upp och studeras.
In order to be competitive in the market, companies are forced to develop new strategies that can be adapted to ever-increasing customer requirements. The purpose of the work was to streamline product development for companies in the manufacturing industry. The objective was to develop an efficient work process for product development and apply the process to a project where a standardized fully automatic quick coupler for smaller wheel loaders would be developed for the company OilQuick.The thesis was divided into two parts. The first part deals with the development of a work process based on existing research. The second part deals with the application of the work process. Data for the application was collected through market research, meetings with customers and Reverse Engineering. Customer requirements were ranked using the Best-worst method and translated into technical specifications using the method QFD (House of Quality).Three concepts were generated based on the resulting requirements from the QFD. According to the customer requirements, the quick coupler had to be compliant with at least four different wheel loader brands in the weight span from five to eight tons. This meant that all three concepts were based on modular design, both to facilitate modifications between the wheel loader brads and to minimize the number of details that needed to be modified. All three of the concept's attachment brackets had standardized dimensions that fitted all examined wheel loader models. To determine which concept that best met the customer requirements the Fuzzy TOPSIS method was used. The final concept was adjusted based on OilQuick's requirements before the finished result was presented.The results showed that the work process was efficient and reliable and that the developed concept proposal indicates that it is possible for the company to standardize the interface between wheel loaders and attachments. With modular design the quick coupler can be adapted to the wheel loader brands that were studied. To ensure that the quick coupler can be applied to a larger variety of wheel loaders, it is necessary to examine and take measurements of more wheel loader brands before further development.

The decision-making process in highway construction projects identifies and selects the optimal alternative based on the user requirements and evaluation criteria. The current practice of the decision-making process does not consider all construction impacts in an integrated decision-making process. This dissertation developed a multi-criteria evaluation framework to support the decision-making process in highway construction projects. In addition to the construction cost and mobility impacts, reliability, safety, and emission impacts are assessed at different evaluation levels and used as inputs to the decision-making process. Two levels of analysis, referred to as the planning level and operation level, are proposed in this research to provide input to a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) process that considers user prioritization of the assessed criteria. The planning level analysis provides faster and less detailed assessments of the inputs to the MCDM utilizing analytical tools, mainly in a spreadsheet format. The second level of analysis produces more detailed inputs to the MCDM and utilizes a combination of mesoscopic simulation-based dynamic traffic assignment tool, and microscopic simulation tool, combined with other utilities. The outputs generated from the two levels of analysis are used as inputs to a decision-making process based on present worth analysis and the Fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Situation) MCDM method and the results are compared.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-06-03T23:32:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MarleneMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 3360629 bytes, checksum: 0fbf8e4ba72f42dba8927087b2e8b54f (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-07T00:13:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MarleneMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 3360629 bytes, checksum: 0fbf8e4ba72f42dba8927087b2e8b54f (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-07T00:13:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarleneMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 3360629 bytes, checksum: 0fbf8e4ba72f42dba8927087b2e8b54f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-26
O presente estudo, baseado no modelo te?rico de portf?lio de compras proposto por Kraljic (1983), apresenta um modelo de portf?lio de compras voltado para gest?o de compras hospitalares, por meio da aplica??o do m?todo de decis?o multicrit?rio Fuzzy-TOPSIS. Para fins de exemplifica??o do m?todo, a pesquisa foi aplicada em um Hospital de grande porte localizado em Natal/RN e teve como amostra doze itens de compras. Os itens foram avaliados pelo grupo de decisores nas dimens?es de import?ncia da compra e complexidade de fornecimento, sendo cada dimens?o composta por quatro crit?rios. Por meio da utiliza??o do m?todo Fuzzy-TOPSIS e de regras de decis?o, os itens foram classificados entre as categorias: estrat?gicos, gargalos, alavancagem e n?o-cr?ticos. O resultado dessa etapa identificou tr?s itens estrat?gicos, seis itens gargalos, um item de alavancagem e dois itens n?o-cr?ticos. Para os tr?s itens classificados como estrat?gicos, foi aplicado o m?todo Fuzzy-TOPSIS visando a identificar o posicionamento estrat?gico do Hospital em rela??o aos fornecedores desses itens, a partir da avalia??o das dimens?es for?a do mercado fornecedor e for?a da empresa compradora, sendo cada uma composta por quatro crit?rios. Nessa etapa, foi identificada uma postura de balanceamento das for?as. Conclui-se a efetividade da ferramenta de portf?lio de compras para gest?o hospitalar, proporcionando uma vis?o mais clara das caracter?sticas, inerentes ao processo de compras nesse contexto complexo. O m?todo Fuzzy-TOPSIS apresentou-se como uma ferramenta flex?vel, capaz de lidar com problemas de classifica??o, gerando resultados satisfat?rios e contribuindo para a tomada de decis?o.

Le milieu hospitalier est un monde à la fois sensible et complexe, sensible parce que la vie humaine est en jeu et complexe parce que les équipements médicaux augmentent en nombre et en complexité technique. Ainsi, afin de préserver le bon état de fonctionnement de ces équipements et à un niveau élevé de disponibilité, leur entretien est devenu l'une des préoccupations majeures des responsables de l’hôpital. L’objectif de cette thèse est de proposer, aux responsables de maintenance biomédicale dans les établissements de soins, des outils d’aide à la décision qui permettent une meilleure maitrise des coûts. Ceci en assurant la sécurité des patients et des utilisateurs et en maintenant des performances optimales de l’ensemble des équipements médicaux. Tout d’abord, une heuristique a été proposée pour le choix de l’internalisation ou de l’externalisation de la maintenance et pour la sélection du contrat adéquat. La sélection du contrat est basée sur un ensemble de critères tout en considérant la contrainte du budget disponible. Ensuite, afin d’améliorer la procédure proposée, nous avons proposé des outils d’aide à la décision multicritère pour le choix adéquat d’une stratégie de maintenance. Pour l’étude de la criticité des équipements médicaux et le choix de la maintenance, sept critères ont été étudiés en proposant un couplage de l’approche AHP « Analytical Hierarchy Process » à la technique TOPSIS « Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution ». Comme les experts du service de maintenance présentaient une certaine incertitude dans leurs jugements, nous avons intégré l’évaluation linguistique floue dans l’étude de la criticité des équipements et dans la sélection de la stratégie de maintenance (Fuzzy AHP couplée avec Fuzzy TOPSIS). Un modèle mathématique MILP a été développé pour la définition des limites de la criticité afin de caractériser les trois stratégies de maintenance. Le bon choix de ces limites permet d’optimiser le coût de la maintenance en respectant le budget disponible. Enfin, un deuxième modèle mathématique MILP a été développé en se basant sur l’heuristique proposée. Ce modèle permet de sélectionner pour chaque équipement, la stratégie de maintenance, internaliser ou externaliser la maintenance et le type du contrat tout en considérant le budget disponible et la charge/capacité du service maintenance
The hospital is a world that is both sensitive and complex, sensitive because the human life is involved and complex because medical facilities are growing in number and in technical complexity. Then, the problem of the medical equipment maintenance in order to keep them in safe, reliable and with high level of availability has become a major preoccupation of the hospital. The objective of this thesis is to provide tools to help the biomedical maintenance service of the hospital to make decisions that allow a better control of costs, while ensuring patient and user safety and maintaining optimal performance of medical equipment. First, a heuristic has been proposed for the choice of internalization or outsourcing maintenance and for the selection of the appropriate contract. The selection of the contract is based on a set of criteria while considering the available budget constraint. Then, to improve the proposed procedure, we proposed multi-criteria decision-making tools to select the appropriate maintenance strategies. Seven criteria have been designed to study the criticality of medical equipment and the choice of maintenance by providing a coupling of the AHP approach "Analytical Hierarchy Process" with TOPSIS technique "Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution." As the expert judgments of the maintenance department presented some uncertainty, we integrated the fuzzy language assessment of the criticality of the equipment and the selection of the maintenance strategy (Fuzzy AHP coupled with Fuzzy TOPSIS). A mixed integer linear programming model (MILP) was developed to define thresholds of criticality to characterize the three maintenance strategies. According to these thresholds, maintenance cost can be optimized within the available budget. Finally, a second mixed integer linear programming model (MILP) was developed based on the proposed heuristic. This model allows selecting for each equipment, the maintenance strategy, the internalization or the outsourcing of the maintenance and the type of contract while considering the available budget and the workload / capacity of the maintenance department

Le présent travail s’intéresse à la prise en compte de l’incertitude et du risque pour l’optimisation de la planification de production au niveau tactique d’une entreprise multi-sites d’une chaîne logistique. La méthode proposée permet d’assurer une planification des opérations de production et d’approvisionnement tout en intégrant au sein de son processus décisionnel un mécanisme de gestion de risque, en présence de diverses sources d’incertitude et d’ambigüité. Pour cela, une «bibliothèque» de critères structurés en deux classes indépendantes : critères de performance et critères de risque a été proposée, dans laquelle le décideur peut sélectionner ceux qui sont en cohérence avec ses préférences et sa stratégie de planification. La méthode doit chercher le bon compromis entre les performances et les risques prédéfinis par le décideur. Pour cela, nous nous somme dirigés dans un premier temps sur le développement d’une approche d’aide à la décision multicritères floue couplant un modèle analytique et la méthode TOPSIS floue. Cette approche consiste à générer un éventail de plans réalisables, caractérisés par leur performance et leur résistance aux risques. Le décideur peut alors choisir le plan qui reflète le compromis le plus adapté à sa stratégie de décision. Une deuxième approche d’optimisation multi-objectifs floue a été proposée dans un deuxième temps pour faire face à des problèmes de planification de grande taille au sein des chaînes logistiques opérant dans un environnement dynamique et incertain. Cette approche combine la méthode TOPSIS Floue, la programmation multi-objectifs possibiliste et la méthode du Goal Programming. L’objectif est de déterminer un plan jugé de bon compromis vis-à- vis des préférences du décideur par rapport aux objectifs de performance et de résistance aux risques. L’instanciation des deux approches proposées sur un exemple numérique a montré leur applicabilité et leur efficacité pour faire face à des problèmes de planification des chaînes logistiques utilisant des données incertaines et des préférences subjectives. Les expérimentations des deux approches permettant de tirer un ensemble d’enseignements utiles.

[ES] La oportunidad en la atención es uno de los críticos de mayor relevancia en la satisfacción de los pacientes que acuden a los servicios de Urgencias. Por tal motivo, las instituciones prestadoras de servicio y las organizaciones gubernamentales deben propender conjuntamente por una atención cada vez más oportuna a costos operacionales razonables. En el caso de la Red Pública en Servicios de Urgencias de Barrannquilla, compuesta por 8 puntos de atención y 2 hospitales, la tendencia marca un continuo crecimiento de la oportunidad en la atención con una tasa de 3,08 minutos/semestre y una probabilidad del 93,13% de atender a los pacientes después de una espera mayor a 30 minutos. Lo anterior se constituye en un síntoma inequívoco de la incapacidad de la Red para satisfacer los estándares de oportunidad establecidos por el Ministerio de Salud, hecho que podría desencadenar el desarrollo de sintomatologías de mayor complejidad, el incremento de la probabilidad de mortalidad, el requerimiento de servicios clínicos más complejos (hospitalización y cuidados intensivos) y el aumento de los costos asociados al servicio. En consecuencia, la presente tesis doctoral presenta el rediseño de la Red Pública en Servicios de Urgencias anteriormente mencionada a fin de otorgar a la población diana un servicio eficiente y altamente oportuno donde tanto las instituciones prestadoras del servicio como los organismos gubernamentales converjan efectivamente. Para ello, fue necesaria la ejecución de 4 grandes fases a través de las cuales se consolidó una propuesta orientada al desarrollo efectivo y sostenible de las operaciones de la Red. Primero, se caracterizó la Red Pública de Servicios de Urgencias en Salud considerando su comportamiento actual en términos de demanda y oportunidad de la atención. Luego, a través de una revisión sistemática de la literatura, se identificaron los enfoques metodológicos que se han implementado para la mejora de la oportunidad y otros indicadores de rendimiento asociados al servicio de Urgencias. Posteriormente, se diseñó una metodología para la creación de redes de Urgencias eficientes y sostenibles la cual luego se validó en la Red Pública sudamericana a fin de disminuir la oportunidad de atención promedio en Urgencias y garantizar la distribución equitativa de los beneficios financieros derivados de la colaboración. Finalmente, se construyó un modelo multicriterio que permitió evaluar el rendimiento de los departamentos de Urgencia e impulsó la creación de estrategias de mejora focalizadas en incrementar su respuesta ante la demanda cambiante, los críticos de satisfacción y las condiciones de operación estipuladas en la ley. Los resultados de esta aplicación evidenciaron que los pacientes que acceden a la Red tienden a esperar en promedio 201,6 min con desviación de estándar de 81,6 min antes de ser atendidos por urgencia. Por otro lado, de acuerdo con la revisión de literatura, la combinación de técnicas de investigación de operaciones, ingeniería de la calidad y analítica de datos es ampliamente recomendada para abordar este problema. En ese sentido, una metodología basada en modelos colaterales de pago, simulación de procesos y lean seis sigma fue propuesta y validada generando un rediseño de Red cuya oportunidad de atención promedio podría disminuir entre 6,71 min y 9,08 min con beneficios financieros promedio de US$29,980/nodo. En último lugar, un modelo compuesto por 8 criterios y 35 sub-criterios fue diseñado para evaluar el rendimiento general de los departamentos de Urgencias. Los resultados del modelo evidenciaron el rol crítico de la infraestructura (Peso global = 21,5%) en el rendimiento de los departamentos de Urgencia y la naturaleza interactiva de la Seguridad del Paciente (C + R = 12,771).
[CA] L'oportunitat en l'atenció és un dels crítics de major rellevància en la satisfacció dels pacients que acudeixen als serveis d'Urgències. Per tal motiu, les institucions prestadores de servei i les organitzacions governamentals han de propendir conjuntament per una atenció cada vegada més oportuna a costos operacionals raonables. En el cas de la Xarxa Pública en Serveis d'Urgències de Barrannquilla, composta per 8 punts d'atenció i 2 hospitals, la tendència marca un continu creixement de l'oportunitat en l'atenció amb una taxa de 3,08 minuts / semestre i una probabilitat de l' 93,13% d'atendre els pacients després d'una espera major a 30 minuts. L'anterior es constitueix en un símptoma inequívoc de la incapacitat de la Xarxa per satisfer els estàndards d'oportunitat establerts pel Ministeri de Salut, fet que podria desencadenar el desenvolupament de simptomatologies de major complexitat, l'increment de la probabilitat de mortalitat, el requeriment de serveis clínics més complexos (hospitalització i cures intensives) i l'augment dels costos associats a el servei. En conseqüència, la present tesi doctoral presenta el redisseny de la Xarxa Pública en Serveis d'Urgències anteriorment esmentada a fi d'atorgar a la població diana un servei eficient i altament oportú on tant les institucions prestadores de el servei com els organismes governamentals convergeixin efectivament. Per a això, va ser necessària l'execució de 4 grans fases a través de les quals es va consolidar una proposta orientada a el desenvolupament efectiu i sostenible de les operacions de la Xarxa. Primer, es va caracteritzar la Xarxa Pública de Serveis d'Urgències en Salut considerant el seu comportament actual en termes de demanda i oportunitat de l'atenció. Després, a través d'una revisió sistemàtica de la literatura, es van identificar els enfocaments metodològics que s'han implementat per a la millora de l'oportunitat i altres indicadors de rendiment associats a el servei d'Urgències. Posteriorment, es va dissenyar una metodologia per a la creació de xarxes d'Urgències eficients i sostenibles la qual després es va validar a la Xarxa Pública sud-americana a fi de disminuir l'oportunitat d'atenció mitjana a Urgències i garantir la distribució equitativa dels beneficis financers derivats de la col´laboració. Finalment, es va construir un model multicriteri que va permetre avaluar el rendiment dels departaments d'Urgència i va impulsar la creació d'estratègies de millora focalitzades en incrementar la seva resposta davant la demanda canviant, els crítics de satisfacció i les condicions d'operació estipulades en la llei. Els resultats d'aquesta aplicació van evidenciar que els pacients que accedeixen a la Xarxa tendeixen a esperar de mitjana 201,6 min amb desviació d'estàndard de 81,6 min abans de ser atesos per urgència. D'altra banda, d'acord amb la revisió de literatura, la combinació de tècniques d'investigació d'operacions, enginyeria de la qualitat i analítica de dades és àmpliament recomanada per abordar aquest problema. En aquest sentit, una metodologia basada en models col´laterals de pagament, simulació de processos i llegeixin 6 sigma va ser proposada i validada generant un redisseny de Xarxa la oportunitat d'atenció mitjana podria disminuir entre 6,71 min i 9,08 min amb beneficis financers mitjana d'US $ 29,980 / node. En darrer lloc, un model compost per 8 criteris i 35 sub-criteris va ser dissenyat per avaluar el rendiment general dels departaments d'Urgències. Els resultats de el model evidenciar el paper crític de la infraestructura (Pes global = 21,5%) en el rendiment dels departaments d'Urgència i la naturalesa interactiva de la Seguretat de l'Pacient (C + R = 12,771).
[EN] Waiting time is one of the most critical measures in the satisfaction of patients admitted within emergency departments. Therefore, hospitals and governmental organizations should jointly aim to provide timely attention at reasonable costs. In the case of Barranquilla's Pubic Emergency Service Network, composed by 8 Points of care (POCs) and 2 hospitals, the trend evidences a continuous growing of the waiting time with a rate of 3,08 min/semester and a 93,13% likelihood of serving patients after waiting for more than 30 minutes. This is an unmistakable symptom of the network inability for satisfying the standards established by the Ministry of Health, which may trigger the development of more complex symptoms, increase in the death rate, requirement for more complex clinical services (hospitalization and intensive care unit) and increased service costs. This doctoral dissertation then illustrates the redesign of the aforementioned Public Emergency Service Network aiming at providing the target population with an efficient and highly timely service where both hospitals and governmental institutions effectively converge. It was then necessary to implement a 4-phase methodology consolidating a proposal oriented to the effective and sustainable development of network operations. First, the Public Emergency Service Network was characterized considering its current behavior in terms of demand and waiting time. A systematic literature review was then undertaken for identifying the methodological approaches that have been implementing for improving the waiting time and other performance indicators associated with the emergency care service. Following this, a methodology for the creation of efficient and sustainable emergency care networks was designed and later validated in the Southamerican Public network for lessening the average waiting time and ensuring the equitable distribution of profits derived from the collaboration. Ultimately, a multicriteria decision-making model was created for assessing the performance of the emergency departments and propelling the design of improvement strategies focused on bettering the response against the changing demand conditions, critical to satisfaction and operational conditions. The results evidenced that the patients accessing to the network tend to wait 201,6 min on average with a standard deviation of 81,6 min before being served by the emergency care unit. On the other hand, based on the reported literature, it is highly suggested to combine Operations Research (OR) methods, quality-based techniques, and data-driven approaches for addressing this problem. In this sense, a methodology based on collateral payment models, Discrete-event simulation, and Lean Six Sigma was proposed and validated resulting in a redesigned network whose average waiting time may diminish between 6,71 min and 9,08 min with an average profit US$29,980/node. Lately, a model comprising of 8 criteria and 35 sub-criteria was designed for evaluating the overall performance of emergency departments. The model outcomes revealed the critical role of Infrastructure (Global weight = 21,5%) in ED performance and the interactive nature of Patient Safety (C + R = 12,771).
Ortíz Barrios, MÁ. (2020). Redesigning the Barranquilla's public emergency care network to improve the patient waiting time [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/156215
TESIS

Le développement des TIC et les innovations numériques qui en découlent ont radicalement changé le comportement des consommateurs. Les organisations s’adaptent à ces changements en transformant leurs pratiques. L’objet de cette recherche est l’innovativité Web comprise comme la capacité des organisations à adopter les innovations Web. La recherche interroge les pratiques d’adaptation des organisations en faveur du numérique : Comment piloter le changement numérique dans les organisations ? Le champ de recherche porte sur les Organismes de Gestion de Destination Touristique (OGD) qui ont la responsabilité du management du tourisme sur leur territoire de compétence. Cette thèse s’articule en deux parties. La première partie se focalise sur la mesure de l’innovativité des sites Web des OGD. Une grille d’analyse de l’innovativité est proposée et les méthodes de l’Aide Multi-Critères à la Décision (AMCD) sont employées afin d’évaluer la performance relative des sites Web de 30 OGD français. La logique du benchmarking est adoptée. Les résultats hétérogènes de cette approche quantitative nous poussent à chercher dans un second temps les facteurs explicatifs de l’innovativité. Pourquoi certains OGD sont-ils plus innovants que d’autres ? Quels sont les facteurs qui facilitent l’adoption des innovations Web par les OGD ? A cet égard, notre seconde partie traite des facteurs d’adoption des innovations Web dans les organisations. Une analogie entre PME et OGD est proposé afin d’identifier théoriquement les facteurs d’adoption des innovations Web. La méthodologie de recherche retenue pour cette seconde partie est de nature exploratoire et qualitative et correspond à un positionnement épistémologique de type interprétativiste. Des entretiens semi-directifs sont menés auprès d’experts en Management du Tourisme et l’étude du cas d’un OGD particulier permet de comprendre en profondeur le pilotage du changement numérique dans les organisations. Cette thèse en sciences de gestion s’inscrit en Management du Tourisme et présente des apports théoriques, méthodologiques et managériaux. Nous proposons un cadre théorique d’analyse de l’innovation Web et nous proposons une méthodologie robuste pour l’opérationnaliser. Cette méthodologie utilise les nombres flous, encore peu employés dans les sciences de gestion et pourtant porteurs de sens lors d’évaluations utilisant des échelles linguistiques. Les résultats de cette approche quantitative sont autant de perspectives d’amélioration des pratiques par les responsables d’OGD. Enfin, nous étudions le pilotage du changement dans les OGD en identifiant les facteurs d’adoption des innovations Web
The development of ICT has radically changed the customer behaviour and their decision making process. Therefore, the organisations/companies should adapt themselves to these changes by transforming their practices. This thesis has two parts. In the first part, we explore the website-service innovativeness of 30 French DMO websites. An empirical approach is used to establish a structured framework of six evaluation criteria for website’s innovativeness. Fuzzy logic is employed in order to objectively evaluate the service-innovativeness and overall e-service quality of the DMO websites by using the linguistic variables. The TOPSIS method enables a comparison of the relative rankings of DMO websites, and also facilitates an objective metric as a benchmark to compare innovativeness overtime. The heterogeneous results oblige us to conduct an exploratory study in order to understand the reason behind this ranking. In this regard, in the 2nd part, we have focused on the factors of ICT adoption. Semi-structured interviews have been done with the tourism experts in order to understand the factors that facilitate the ICT adoption by the French DMO. Finally, we present the case of one of our benchmarks (Bordeaux Tourist Office) in order to illustrate the ICT adoption process

Dans le cadre de cette thèse, notre objectif est de développer une approche multicritère d'aide à la coordination des décideurs pour la résolution des problèmes de sélection dans les chaines logistiques. En effet, nous considérons le cas où nous avons k décideurs/experts notés ST1,...,STk qui cherchent à classer un ensemble de m alternatives/choix notées A1,...,Am évaluées en termes de n critères conflictuels notés C1,..., Cn. L'ensemble des données manipulées est flou. Chaque décideur est amené à exprimer ses préférences pour chaque alternative par rapport à chaque critère à travers une matrice dite matrice des préférences. Notre approche comprend principalement deux phases, respectivement une phase de consensus qui consiste à trouver un accord global entre les décideurs et une phase de classement qui traite le problème de classement des différentes alternatives.Comme résultats, pour la première phase, nous avons adapté deux mécanismes de consensus, le premier est basé sur l'opérateur mathématique neat OWA et le second sur la mesure de possibilité. De même, nous avons développé un nouveau mécanisme de consensus basé sur la programmation par but goal programming. Pour la phase de classement, nous avons adapté dans un premier temps la méthode TOPSIS et dans un second, le modèle du goal programming avec des fonctions de satisfaction. Pour illustrer l'applicabilité de notre approche, nous avons utilisé différents problèmes de sélection dans les chaines logistiques comme la sélection des systèmes de formation, la sélection des fournisseurs, la sélection des robots et la sélection des entrepôts
This thesis presents a development of a multi-criteria group decision making approach to solve the selection problems in supply chains. Indeed, we start in the context where a group of k decision makers/experts, is in charge of the evaluation and the ranking of a set of potential m alternatives. The alternatives are evaluated in fuzzy environment while taking into consideration both subjective (qualitative) and objective (quantitative) n conflicting criteria. Each decision maker is brought to express his preferences for each alternative relative to each criterion through a fuzzy matrix called preference matrix. We have developed three new approaches for manufacturing strategy, information system and robot selection problem:1. Fuzzy consensus-based possibility measure and goal programming approach.2. Fuzzy consensus-based neat OWA and goal programming approach.3. Fuzzy consensus-based goal programming and TOPSIS approach.Finally, a comparison of these three approaches is conducted and thus was able to give recommendations to improve the approaches and provide decision aid to the most satisfying decision makers

2008-2009
Si trattano diversi aspetti della logica fuzzy, in particolare: 1) le proprietà preservate da un modello fuzzy ogniqualvolta esso è sottoposto a qualche genere di modifica; 2) la programmazione logica fuzzy, la logica della similarità e la metaprogrammazione, considerando la relazione di sinonimia tra predicati; 3) la connessione tra logica fuzzy e teoria dei bireticoli per il trattamento sia della verità che del grado di informazione.
VIII n.s.

Le present travail fait suite aux recherches menees sur la theorie des ensembles flous. D. Ponasse a defini la categorie jtf des j-ensembles totalement flous. Dans sa these de 3eme cycle g. Mycek a demontre que cette categorie est un topos lorsque j est un anti-ordinal (c. A. D. : j est un ordinal lorsqu'il est muni de l'ordre inverse). Il a exhibe tous les objets elementaires de ce topos. Wu tao, lui, a fait une etude detaillee de ce topos avec j antiordinal. Dans leurs articles j. Coulon et j. L. Coulon montrent que pour j un treillis de heyting complet la categorie jtf est equivalente a la categorie jtf et que jtf n'est pas un topos lorsque j n'est pas un anti-ordinal. Dans la premiere partie de ce travail je continue l'etude de la categorie jtf. Je demontre qu'elle est isomorphe a la categorie notee jid dont les objets sont des ensembles ordonnes et les morphismes sont des applications verifiant certaines conditions. J'ai traduit les notions de mono, epi et iso (morphisme) dans jid en notions de surjection, injection et bijection. Dans la deuxieme partie j'etudie les proprietes categoriques de jid: objet final (resp. Initial), produit (resp. Coproduit), pulback (resp. Pushout), noyau de paire (resp. Conoyau) et l'exponentielle. 1**(o)) je demontre que la plus grande famille de monomorphismes qu'on peut classer c'est la famille des monomorphismes dits forts. 2**(o)) je prouve que dans le cas ou j est un anti-ordinal tout monomorphisme est fort donc jid est un topos. 3**(o)) lorsque j n'est pas un anti-ordinal il existe des monomorphismes non forts donc non classifiables. Donc jid n'est pas un topos.

In the last few years the World Wide Web has dramatically changed the way people are communicating with each other. The growing availability of Social Media Systems like Internet fora, weblogs and social networks ensure that the Internet is today, what it was originally designed for: A technical platform in which all users are able to interact with each other. Nowadays, there are billions of user comments available discussing all aspects of life and the data source is still growing. This thesis investigates, whether it is possible to use this growing amount of freely provided user comments to extract quality related information. The concept is based on the observation that customers are not only posting marketing relevant information. They also publish product oriented content including positive and negative experiences. It is assumed that this information represents a valuable data source for quality analyses: The original voices of the customers promise to specify a more exact and more concrete definition of \"quality\" than the one that is available to manufacturers or market researchers today. However, the huge amount of unstructured user comments makes their evaluation very complex. It is impossible for an analysis protagonist to manually investigate the provided customer feedback. Therefore, Social Media specific algorithms have to be developed to collect, pre-process and finally analyze the data. This has been done by the Social Media monitoring system AIM (Automotive Internet Mining) that is the subject of this thesis. It investigates how manufacturers, products, product features and related opinions are discussed in order to estimate the overall product quality from the customers\\\' point of view. AIM is able to track different types of data sources using a flexible multi-agent based crawler architecture. In contrast to classical web crawlers, the multi-agent based crawler supports individual crawling policies to minimize the download of irrelevant web pages. In addition, an unsupervised wrapper induction algorithm is introduced to automatically generate content extraction parameters which are specific for the crawled Social Media systems. The extracted user comments are analyzed by different content analysis algorithms to gain a deeper insight into the discussed topics and opinions. Hereby, three different topic types are supported depending on the analysis needs. * The creation of highly reliable analysis results is realized by using a special context-aware taxonomy-based classification system. * Fast ad-hoc analyses are applied on top of classical fulltext search capabilities. * Finally, AIM supports the detection of blind-spots by using a new fuzzified hierarchical clustering algorithm. It generates topical clusters while supporting multiple topics within each user comment. All three topic types are treated in a unified way to enable an analysis protagonist to apply all methods simultaneously and in exchange. The systematically processed user comments are visualized within an easy and flexible interactive analysis frontend. Special abstraction techniques support the investigation of thousands of user comments with minimal time efforts. Hereby, specifically created indices show the relevancy and customer satisfaction of a given topic
In den letzten Jahren hat sich das World Wide Web dramatisch verändert. War es vor einigen Jahren noch primär eine Informationsquelle, in der ein kleiner Anteil der Nutzer Inhalte veröffentlichen konnte, so hat sich daraus eine Kommunikationsplattform entwickelt, in der jeder Nutzer aktiv teilnehmen kann. Die dadurch enstehende Datenmenge behandelt jeden Aspekt des täglichen Lebens. So auch Qualitätsthemen. Die Analyse der Daten verspricht Qualitätssicherungsmaßnahmen deutlich zu verbessern. Es können dadurch Themen behandelt werden, die mit klassischen Sensoren schwer zu messen sind. Die systematische und reproduzierbare Analyse von benutzergenerierten Daten erfordert jedoch die Anpassung bestehender Tools sowie die Entwicklung neuer Social-Media spezifischer Algorithmen. Diese Arbeit schafft hierfür ein völlig neues Social Media Monitoring-System, mit dessen Hilfe ein Analyst tausende Benutzerbeiträge mit minimaler Zeitanforderung analysieren kann. Die Anwendung des Systems hat einige Vorteile aufgezeigt, die es ermöglichen, die kundengetriebene Definition von \"Qualität\" zu erkennen

L'avènement des réseaux sociaux a suscité un intérêt considérable pour la société au cours de notre décennie. Ces plateformes permettent aux utilisateurs de produire, partager et échanger des contenus divers. Twitter est l'un des réseaux sociaux les plus populaires permettant à ses utilisateurs de publier des messages, appelés tweets. Ces derniers peuvent contenir des textes offensifs, tels que les messages de harcèlement, ou encore des informations liées à des sujets controversés. De nombreux travaux de recherche ont montré comment ces contenus sociaux peuvent avoir une influence sur les utilisateurs. Un système de détection de ce type de messages est nécessaire afin de protéger l'utilisateur et prédire l'apparition des évènements. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous proposons un système de détection de tweets suspects basé sur les modèles thématiques probabilistes et la logique floue. Afin d'identifier les tweets de harcèlement, nous introduisons un modèle de classification exploitant un ensemble de caractéristiques et utilisant des algorithmes d'apprentissage supervisé. Les utilisateurs effectuent également des recherches sur ces plateformes pour trouver des informations qui répondent à un besoin exprimé par une requête. Cependant, les tweets sont courts et l'accès à l'information est parfois difficile. Une partie de nos travaux se situe plus particulièrement dans le contexte de la recherche d'information sociale et vise à améliorer la recherche de tweets. Nous proposons une méthode d'expansion de requêtes, afin de pallier le problème de concision des messages ainsi que des requêtes, basée sur l’extraction des motifs fermés fréquents et utilisant des plongements lexicaux
Social networks have gained a significant interest for society during our decade. These platforms allow users to produce, share and exchange various content. Twitter is one of the most popular social networks that allow users to publish messages, called tweets. These tweets may contain offensive texts, such as harassment or bullying messages, or information related to abnormal topics. Many research studies have shown how such social content can have an impact on users and cause psychological harm. Developing a system for detecting such type of messages is necessary to protect the user and predict tragic events. The work presented in this thesis is brought into the context of data mining from Twitter to identify and detect such messages. We propose a suspicious tweets detection system based on probabilistic topic models and fuzzy logic. In order to identify harassment tweets, we introduce a classification model that exploits a set of features and uses supervised learning algorithms. People also use social networks to search for relevant posts that satisfy their information need where this need is usually formulated using a textual query. Twitter’s messages are short and access to information is sometimes difficult because of the variety of published content and huge amount of data generated. The second part of this work deals with the context of social information retrieval and aims to improve tweets retrieval quality. We propose a query expansion approach to overcome the shortness of user queries and tweets by extracting frequent closed patterns and using word embeddings

In resent business world, supply chain management (SCM) has become a key issue of conceptual and empirical research. As a fundamental decision-making for mangers, the quality of supplier performance not only affects the downstream business, but also determines the success of the whole supply chain. Therefore, resiliency planning is becoming a crucial strategic issue to choosing suitable suppliers in the supply chain; it directly impacts the benefits for managers of organizations. The resilient supplier selection is a complex multi-criteria problem in both quantitative and qualitative factors which may be in conflict and may also be uncertain. So in this context fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method helps to deal with inaccurate, incomplete and imperfect information to some extent. To avoid complicated aggregation of fuzzy numbers, these weighted ratings are defuzzified into crisp values by the ranking method of mean of removals. A closeness coefficient is defined to determine the ranking order of alternatives by calculating the distances to both fuzzy positive ideal solution and fuzzy negative ideal solution. A case study is proposed for resilient supplier evaluation in an automobile parts manufacturing industry in India.

碩士
國立高雄應用科技大學
企業管理系
97
Practically, it is difficult to manage a huge amount of inventory items. Therefore, inventory classification is necessary so that each inventory class can be treated accordingly based on the attributes of that class. The purpose of ABC analysis is to classify the inventory items into different categories A, B, and C. Traditionally, the classification criteria is based on annual dollar usage. In order to effectively classify inventory items, a fuzzy multi-criteria approach is proposed for the ABC classification. The technique takes into consideration various criteria such as lead time, unit cost, preserve days, transaction quantity. This approach utilizes Fuzzy-TOPSIS to classify inventory items where linguistic fuzziness is used to assess the ratings and weights by triangular fuzzy numbers. Finally, a real life example regarding the inventory items used for color LCD monitor manufacturing is presented to demonstrate how the proposed method can be applied.

碩士
中國科技大學
室內設計系
103
This study proposes the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) integrated TOPSIS (Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution) as well as Fuzzy TOPSIS to assess the interior design Diagrams. Six criteria to assess the interior design diagram are obtained firstly from the available references. One criterion is deleted using the Fuzzy Delphi Method through the results of experts’ questionnaires. The present study indicates that the consensus among experts on each assessment criterion can be quickly and effectively acquired using Fuzzy Delphi, the rankings order of interior design diagram assessment can be determined reasonably by either the AHP integrated TOPSIS or the Fuzzy TOPSIS. The analysis procedure of Fuzzy TOPSIS is more complicate than that of AHP integrated TOPSIS. However, the work of experts’ questionnaires of Fuzzy TOPSIS is much easier than that of AHP integrated TOPSIS. Key Words: Fuzzy Delphi Method, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), TOPSIS, Fuzzy TOPSIS.

碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
工業管理系
101
Studies have proved that enterprises addressing green supply chain management (GSCM) problem may get apparent improvement to their stockholder interests. According to the report of Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) in 2012, more than 80% of the carbon emissions are generated from the suppliers’ activities in a company’s operation. Many members of the project claimed that they will reassess their suppliers as soon as possible. Therefore, to combine the carbon management issue and supplier evaluating problem turns to be a very crucial task. This study intends to develop a framework of the supplier evaluating process in carbon management by integrating fuzzy ANP and fuzzy TOPSIS approaches. Thirteen criteria of carbon management under four dimensions were identified by literature review and modified according to the opinion of seven experts in environmental department. The model result on a case illustration shows that three of the most important criteria are “Carbon governance,” “Carbon policy” and “Carbon reduction targets.” The proposed hybrid methodology is believed to have great ability explaining the vagueness of decision maker’s expression and has better power of discrimination to evaluating suppliers in carbon management.

碩士
南臺科技大學
商管專業學院
104
This study explores evaluating Vietnam’s banks performance from banks staff viewpoint, which must consider the criteria affects to bank performance to measure the health of the economic that banks serves. The considered criteria in evaluating banks performance can be qualitative factors, or quantitative factors. Therefore, the fuzzy TOPSIS method can be use as appropriate method to evaluating banks performance. The purpose of this research is to recommend a fuzzy TOPSIS method to help banks staff and economist to evaluate banks performance, through it, measure how health the economy is. Both qualitative and quantitative and the different importance weights among criteria will be considered in the model. The membership functions of the final evaluation value can be developed by using “α–cuts” and arithmetic operations of fuzzy numbers. The defuzzication of maximizing set and minimizing set method is use to rank all the final fuzzy evaluation values to assist to the decision making. A numerical example is conducted to explain the feasibility of the proposed method. Keyword: Banks performance, Fuzzy TOPSIS, Fuzzy Numbers, Ranking, Maximizing and Minimizing Set.

碩士
國立雲林科技大學
資訊管理系碩士班
92
In the privous service quality study, there are many researches use SERVQUAL instrument to extract factors of service quality on traditional service industry, but study on information service industry is relatively less. Therefore, a good assessment dimension and model do not exist. In addition, supplier can’t use one criterion to understand customer’s varied demand. So, the measurement of portal site service quality can be regarded as MCDM(Multiple-Criteria Decision Making) problem. Under many conditions, crisp data are inadequate to model real-life situations, and human judgments (including preference) are often vague and can’t present the preference with an exact numerical value. A reasonable approach may be to use linguistic assessments instead of numerical values, so fuzzy theory is adopted in this study. This study simplifies the complicated metric distance method, and uses it to modify fuzzy TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) proposed by Chen(2000). At the same time, this paper points out Chen’s method violating: (1)Basic concept of the best alternative should have the shortest distance from the positive-ideal solution and the farthest distance from the negative-ideal solution. (2)Fuzzy positive-ideal and negative-ideal solution can’t directly assign 1 and 0, respectively. Because FAHP(Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process) can get more objective and exact weight by pairwise comparison, this paper propose the “Fuzzy Hierarchical TOPSIS” method to aggregate FAHP and modified fuzzy TOPSIS. By this way, this method can evaluate portal site alternatives. Briefly speaking, this study firstly uses questionnaire to extract factors of evaluating portal site service quality and lets them to be evaluating criteria, and then uses “Fuzzy Hierarchical TOPSIS” to rank alternatives. An empirical study of a real case is conducted to illustrate how the approach is used for the portal site service quality comparison problem. Finally, in order to make the calculating time shorter, this study uses proposed algorithm to development portal site service quality evaluation system.

碩士
南台科技大學
資訊管理系
92
Numerous articles have been published to deal with multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems since it is important to many fields. Hwang and Yoon proposed TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method to solve MCDM problems. It is one of the most popular MCDM methods. In classical TOPSIS methods, decision-makers employ crisp values to evaluate criteria and alternatives. However, in practical situations, the available data used in decision-making problems are often imprecise and vague. By use of fuzzy set theory, one can incorporate qualitative information and vague information into the decision model. Therefore, several fuzzy TOPSIS methods are developed to handle decision problems. However, these approaches still have some shortcomings. In this study, to overcome these shortcomings, we propose a TOPSIS based method under group decisions to deal with fuzzy MCDM problem. Triangular fuzzy numbers are utilized to represent both the importance weights of attributes and the ratings of alternatives under different attributes. The positive ideal solution and negative ideal solution are determined according to fuzzy maximum procedure and fuzzy minimum procedure. The separation distance of each alternative to positive and negative ideal solution can also be yielded through fuzzy similarity measure. According to the calculated relative closeness coefficients, the ranking order of all alternative candidates can be decided. Also, A numerical example of selection of enterprise resource planning (ERP) system is also included to demonstrate the proposed method.

碩士
南華大學
資訊管理學系碩士班
98
Multi-criteria decision-making includes multi-criteria and program evaluations. This method can help decision-makers to make decision based on actual situations, providing decision-makers with an optimal program. Software project cost for decision-makers, which includes multi-estimate criteria and multi-program. Therefore, evaluating software cost is classified as a multi-criteria decision-making problem. This study uses the software project cost evaluation case for a study case. The contributions of this study are as follows, 1) Use the decision tree J48 to filter attributes. We can find the potential interaction between attributes, determine how attributes affect the final evaluation, and point out the important attribute. 2) The study proposes a Fuzzy Q-uantiles Method to fuzzfy attributes. It can make the results more reasonable. 3) Use the Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) model, including (a) using TOPSIS and Fuzzy theory to identify high-risk costs, (b) using information fusion technology into weight calculations. 4) Use a Constructive Cost Model database to verify. The database is a public database; it’s including 63projects and 16 attributes.Analytical results show that the fuzzy TOPSIS model can solve the above problem and help decision-makers evaluate software cost effectively.

碩士
長庚大學
工商管理學系
102
The purpose of the study is to extend the concept of TOPSIS method by interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IVIFS). TOPSIS method measures the distances of each alternative from the ideal solution and negative ideal solution, and it usually calculates the separation measures by Euclidian distance. Most researches of the separation measures were only focus on exploring the influence of decision making results by using different distance measurements. In the past, the concept of TOPSIS method has expanded to under the intuitionistic fuzzy environment. IVIFS is an important expansion of fuzzy theory, but it is difficult to collect the IVIFS data and the accurate information for decision matrix. Therefore, this study tried to use experimental analysis to discuss the scenario analysis with incomplete information. This study is to extend the TOPSIS method for analyzing data by using separation measures under the IVIFS environment. It retains the advantage of TOPSIS method which is easy to calculate, and collect the formulas for similarity and association coefficient to represent separation measures. According to the experiment analysis, this study used the random number to develop various models, and compared the results of the separation measures in different models by consistency rate and Spearman correlation coefficients. The empirical results indicate that the number of alternatives would influence the consistency rate.

碩士
南臺科技大學
商管專業學院
106
The hotel industry assumes an important value in the tourism industry because it is essential for the provision of all other tourism services and it is the first service demanded by tourists who reach the destination. Over the years, many hotels started to increase the number of services offered; this has increased the difficulty for travellers to comprehensively assess these services to select the most suitable hotel for their trip. To assess hotel’s performance appears a hard task, because of the presence of many criteria to consider, economic but also less tangible. In addition, some of these criteria (or services) are qualitative such as responsiveness, some are quantitative such as number of rooms. To resolve the above problems, this research suggests a fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method to help decision makers (travellers) to evaluate performance of hotels. This study investigates whether variables as stars rating, dimension and added services provided are correlated to performance. In the suggested model, ratings of alternatives versus qualitative criteria as well as importance weights of criteria are assessed by linguistic values represented by fuzzy numbers. A modified maximizing set and minimizing set will be used to rank fuzzy weighted ratings to complete the model. Formulas can be clearly derived to display ranking procedure. Finally, a numerical example will be used to present feasibility of the suggested fuzzy TOPSIS model. Key word: Performance of hotels, Fuzzy TOPSIS, Criteria, Fuzzy numbers ranking, Modified Maximizing Set and Minimizing Set.

碩士
長庚大學
工商管理學系
98
With the technology developing and economy changing, decision-makers have no choice but to deal with multi-criteria issues, and which give rise to the MCDM problems. The decision criteria are very hard to be measured and analyzed because of the nature of the criteria. In order to integrate all possible criteria into one single analysis model, this research proposes a fuzzy TOPSIS method based on alpha level sets, based on the MCDM literature and fuzzy theory, and demonstrate the efficiency of this proposed model by using two different application cases. To better present the vagueness of the related-information during the decision-making process, the weights of the criteria and the evaluation value of the alternatives of the proposed decision-making model in our research are characterized by linguistic term and the linguistic variables are showed by trapezoidal fuzzy number. Based on the above principle, this research suggests the following decision-making steps: Firstly, determine the importance of the criteria by using linguistic variables. Secondly, form a decision matrix and normalize the decision matrix based on the first step. Thirdly, calculate the weighted normalized decision matrix and determine the ideal and negative-ideal solutions. Fourthly, calculate the relative closeness of each alternative to the ideal solution based on different alpha level sets. Finally, rank the alternatives according to the relative closeness to the ideal solution based on average level sets. In order to examine the efficiency of our decision model, this research demonstrates how to incorporate linguistic variables into the fuzzy multiple criteria decision making process and provides the evidence for the above process by using three different application cases (Selecting dental material supplier of implantation and selecting the location of the distribution center). The proposed fuzzy TOPSIS method based on alpha level sets complied with interval estimate approach and generalized fuzzy number adopting the alpha level sets and extension principle to propose a non-linear programming model by considering both cost and benefit criteria to evaluates all the possible alternatives according to the relative closeness to the ideal solution based on average level sets, which can provide more information to decision makers.

Supplier selection, the process of finding the right suppliers who are able to provide the buyer with the right quality products and/or services at the right price, at the right time and in the right quantities, is one of the most critical activities for establishing an effective supply chain. In classical Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods, the ratings and the weights of the criteria are known precisely. Owning to vagueness of the decision data, the crisp data are inadequate for real-life situations. Since human judgments including preferences are often vague and cannot be expressed by exact numerical values, the application of fuzzy concepts in decision making is deemed to be relevant. On the other hand, it is a hard problem since supplier selection is typically a MCDM problem involving several conflicting criteria on which decision maker’s knowledge is usually vague and imprecise. In the present work, a risk-based suppliers’ evaluation module is proposed. Linguistic values are used to assess the ratings and weights for the risk based supplier selection factors. These linguistic ratings can be expressed in triangular fuzzy numbers. Then, a hierarchy MCDM model based on fuzzy-sets theory is proposed to deal with the supplier selection problems in the supply chain system. According to the concept of the fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution), a closeness coefficient is defined to determine the ranking order of all suppliers by calculating the both fuzzy positive-ideal solution and fuzzy negative-ideal solution, simultaneously. Empirical data have been analysed and results obtained thereof, have been reported to exhibit application potential of the decision-support systems in appropriate situation.

碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
95
The purpose of this research is to develop a referral system for manufacturing planning, using mainly Group Coding Technology as the concept to understand the meaning of every feature . Moreover, to arrange the sequence of geometric feature according to the coding content in order to bring forth the correspondent manufacturing inference method for user to operate. The parameter of this system uses Fuzzy Theory to legitimize the parameter in the handbook. Triangular Weight or TOPSIS method are also used to optimize the sequence for different options. The Sorting method is based on function such as precision, time and cost. User could have different weight distribution base on different needs. The system also provides the calculation for manufacturing frequency and manufacturing time, which make faster to calculate the time needed for manufacturing and serves as a reference before manufacturing . Lastly, this paper provides a sample test and the result showed the system could successfully generate a table needed for manufacturing planning.

碩士
南台科技大學
企業管理系
98
Nowadays, deciding whether to use Third-Party Logistics (3PL) is an important strategic decision for most of the companies worldwide. No matter what the size of the company is or the place where it is located, logistics services will always be needed. The right decision in the selection of one logistics supplier can grant many benefits like more efficient work, lower cost, better satisfaction of the costumer and other benefits for one company. The present paper presents the evaluation and selection of 3PL candidates through a fuzzy TOPSIS method. The purpose of this method is to give companies an accurate tool to avoid mistakes that can create a bad reputation of the products and the company and the lost of money through unnecessary expenses. This model combines qualitative and quantitative criteria and considers the importance of each criterion in the evaluation process. The center of gravity is a ranking approach not common in the fuzzy TOPSIS field, and is an effective tool to develop the positive- ideal and negative-ideal solutions in order to complete the model. Finally, to prove the practicability of the proposed model, a numerical example is shown.

碩士
國立成功大學
工業與資訊管理學系
106
Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution(TOPSIS) is a kind of multiple-attribute decision-making method often used by decision-makers. If intuitionistic fuzzy numbers, which contain positive, negative, and hesitation information are applied to a TOPSIS decision-making model, more information can be obtained and the evaluation results can be closer to the actual ideas of experts. In addition, since decision-making problems have become more complex, multiple decision-makers are required to make an appropriate analysis. Therefore, this study constructs a group TOPSIS decision-making method for an intuitionistic fuzzy environment to improve the authenticity and rationality of decision-making results. This research adopts intuitionistic fuzzy numbers in a two-phase decision-making model.In the initial integration phase, experts collectively decide and then evaluate the attributes and alternatives. Then, entropy is used to obtain the weights of individual experts, and expert opinions are integrated. In the intuitionistic fuzzy TOPSIS decision-making phase, an integrated decision matrix is used to calculate the weights of individual attributes. The attribute weights are integrated with expert opinions, and then dual bipolar are used to determine the positive and negative ideal solutions. The projection method is adopted to rank the alternatives and find the best solution. Two examples are presented to illustrate the procedure of the proposed method and to compare the sorting results obtained using various models.

碩士
大葉大學
工業工程與科技管理學系
96
As the Olympic Games in Beijing of 2008 come soon, various kinds of large-scale qualifying matches have been launched one after another, and this kind of full-length match which represents the national honor has been paid attention to, but how to elect the proper athlete to participate in the match is a worth probing problem. The purpose of this research is to propose a rational assessment method to select the athlete participating in the contest based on evaluating both quantitative and qualitative criteria. This research regards domestic baseball player as experimental subjects. By using the TOPSIS approach to transform the quantitative criteria data and using fuzzy logic to manipulate the qualitative data, the selection order of the candidates can be obtained from the final result. The obtained result was compared with the real participating lists of 2008 Olympic baseball Games to verify the validity of the proposed methodology.

碩士
國立成功大學
工業與資訊管理學系碩博士班
96
“Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution；TOPSIS” is a useful tool for dealing with multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) problems. It can analyze and determine the ranking for all the alternatives based on crisp data and distance measurements. However, decision-making usually includes subjective preferences, and the decision maker’s real feelings can’t be completely revealed with performance ratings. When the scope of decision-making broadens, relying on only one decision maker’s judgment is deficient. In addition, the distance measurement of fuzzy data is not calculated reasonably. To address these problems, we add group decision-making and fuzzy sets theory into multi-attribute decision-making and construct a two-stage group decision-making TOPSIS process under a fuzzy environment. This decision process not only reveals decision makers’ subjective satisfaction degrees, but also breaks the restriction of monotonically increasing and decreasing performances. Moreover, it includes fuzzy ratings to deal with ambiguous situations and modifies the distance measure of fuzzy numbers to make the calculations more reasonable. We also add a group discussion process to make the results even more complete. Finally, a numerical example is performed using the proposed the decision-making process to demonstrate its superiority and flexibility compared to other processes.

碩士
長庚大學
企業管理研究所
95
In our daily lives, when make a decision, we would consider lots of criteria. Sometimes, some of them would have conflict in alternatives. To choose the best alternative, we would give criteria weights and depend on the importance of criteria. It has its calculation in different multiple attribute decision making methods. There are many MADM methods in decision making and TOPSIS is the most widely used in MADM. It can apply in many areas, such as plant layout, group decision making, enterprise networks and dynamic operator allocation problem. In past researches, most of them emphasize on the way of TOPSIS, such as data collection, fuzzy number or interval data. We use distance measure and similarity measure to define the separation measure. There are few researches about the separation measure. Furthermore, we make data of TOPSIS intuitionistic fuzzy sets. The reason is intuitionistic fuzzy sets have the degree of hesitation than fuzzy sets. This is because hesitation exists on our life and in the decision making. Therefore, we combine intuitionistic fuzzy sets and replace the element of decision matrix of TOPSIS to discuss the result of alternative ranking in all kinds of distance measures in our research. We select difference distance measures and use intuitionistic fuzzy sets and similarity measures to define separation measure. Through our experiment analysis, we find out that it has enormous difference result by difference distance measures. Overall, their consistency rates are low and they are between 0.0014 to 0.0030. Furthermore, when we use TOPSIS we would choose the best alternative. However, the best alternative has a low contradiction rate. Moreover, some distance equations is the worse ranking, but in others ranking is better ranking. Therefore, we find out that difference distance measures have a lot impact on final alternative ranking result of TOPSIS. According to the spearman correlation coefficients, we know their correlation coefficients are between 0.1680 to 0.8910. Especially when the numbers of alternatives and attributes are small and their average spearman correlation coefficients are large. However, their standard deviations are also large and unstable. Overall, the number of alternatives and attributes increase and the average spearman correlation coefficients decrease. Therefore, distance measures play an importance role to the final ranking result and it has no relevant research in the past.

碩士
國立成功大學
工業與資訊管理學系碩博士班
98
The approach of “technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS)” is usually considered as a multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) method. It can determine the ranking for all the alternatives based on the measurement of the distance between crisp data and ideal solution. In decision-making processes, decision-makers choose the appropriate domain to assess alternatives due to the nature of the attributes. This non-homogeneous information can be represented as values belonging to domains with different nature as numerical, interval valued or linguistic. In order to deal with ambiguity existing in decision-making information, the defuzzification method is adopted in the operations of fuzzy numbers; however, the loss of decision-making information may happen. The loss of information implies a lack of precision in the decision results. This motivates the proposed method to apply the 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic representation to replace the traditional linguistic variables. Moreover, the attributes’ weights are also key factors which affect decision results. The direct determination of each attribute’s weight by decision makers could be too subjective for a decision-making problem. In addition, when many aspects affect complex decision problems, relying on only one decision maker’s knowledge and experience could produce an unreliable consequence. To address these problems, we construct a TOPSIS group decision-making model which includes three stages. In the first stage, we transform the non-homogeneous information into the 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic representation. The second stage applies a two-step mathematical programming method which takes both decision maker's subjective opinion and objective information into account to determine attributes’ weights. Then we can rank all alternatives by the modified TOPSIS group decision-making model. Finally, a numerical example is performed using the proposed model to demonstrate its superiority, compared to Halouani et al. (2009). Key words: 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic representation; TOPSIS; MADM; group decision-making

博士
義守大學
資訊工程學系
100
Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) is widely used in ranking one or more alternatives from a set of available alternatives with respect to multiple criteria. MCDM techniques are practical tools for solving real-world problems. The association of weights in MCDM problems is a critical stage of the whole decision making process. Since the evaluation result is often greatly affected by the weights used in the evaluation process, it is an important step to determine the appropriate criteria weights in a whole decision making process. To ensure that the MCDM evaluation result is not affected by decision maker’s personal bias, objective weights are used. Inspired by MCDM to systematically evaluate alternatives under various criteria, this study proposes a new fuzzy TOPSIS approach for evaluating alternatives by integrating subjective and objective weights. In this proposed approach, the subjective weights assigned by decision makers (DM) are normalized into a comparable scale. In addition, this research adopts end-user ratings as an objective weight based on Shannon’s entropy theory. A closeness coefficient is defined to determine the ranking order of alternatives by calculating the distances to both ideal and negative-ideal solutions. The purpose of the study is to establish an optimal weighting method combining the subjectivity of decision-maker and the objectivity of numerical data to obtain the comprehensive weights of criteria and avoid subjectivity such as personal bias from a decision maker. In addition, some well-known objective weighting methods such as Analytic Hierarchy Process, Standard Deviation, Mean Weight, entropy are compared. The results show that entropy method is an appropriate objective weighting method. A real-world information outsourcing case study will be performed to confirm the feasibility of the proposed method. The proposed decision-making method can provide managers with a decision-making framework.