Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'G 60 UL 2009'
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Chartrand, Maude, and Maude Chartrand. "Évaluation de la capacité à faire face des populations québécoises aux inondations : à la recherche de nouveaux indicateurs." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37016.
Full textDans les dernières années, un grand nombre d’inondations ont touché le Québec et ont eu des effets tant sur les populations que sur l’environnement bâti. Certaines populations sont d’ailleurs plus vulnérables aux impacts d’une inondation que d’autres. Pour évaluer cette vulnérabilité, deux dimensions peuvent être analysées, soit la sensibilité et la capacité à faire face. La capacité à faire face constitue souvent le maillon faible dans le processus d’évaluation de la vulnérabilité, en particulier lorsqu’on souhaite évaluer cette vulnérabilité sur un vaste territoire pour une échelle relativement fine. Parmi le nombre limité d’indicateurs disponibles de la capacité à faire face, la majorité concerne des indicateurs d’accessibilité et de proximité à des services. Ce manque de connaissances théoriques et pratiques sur la capacité à faire face rend l’analyse de la vulnérabilité incomplète étant donné qu’une population peut réduire sa vulnérabilité en améliorant sa capacité à faire face. Ainsi, ce mémoire vise à diversifier et proposer de possibles indicateurs de la capacité à faire face de la population québécoise aux inondations afin d’améliorer l’évaluation de la vulnérabilité de ces populations. Dans le but d’identifier ces indicateurs, une revue de littérature ainsi qu’un sondage auprès de professionnels du domaine de la sécurité incendie, des mesures d’urgence, de l’aménagement du territoire et autres s’appuyant sur la méthode de la cartographie conceptuelle ont été réalisés. À terme, les résultats du sondage ont permis d’identifier les indicateurs qui semblent déterminants pour la capacité à faire face aux inondations. Parmi ceux-ci, on retrouve la proportion d’espaces verts, le taux de possession automobile, la mise en place d’un plan de mesures d’urgence et d’un système d’alerte, la désignation d’un coordonnateur en mesures d’urgence, etc. Nos recherches ont toutefois démontré que certaines données nécessaires à l’élaboration de ces indicateurs sont indisponibles, inexistantes ou confidentielles. Ce mémoire met ainsi en évidence la pertinence d’approfondir la réflexion à ce sujet et de diversifier les indicateurs de la capacité à faire face aux inondations.
Gravel, Marie-Andrée. "L'accidentologie au Québec : évolution et différenciation selon le sexe, entre 1990-1992 et 2007-2009." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30196/30196.pdf.
Full textThe growing presence of women on the roads of Quebec is important and needs to be explored. Women's crash involvement is changing and the reasons associated must be highlighted in order to better target government road safety interventions. This analysis is an evolving portrait differentiated according to gender of the Quebec accidentology for two periods, 1990-1992 and 2007-2009. Data used in this study come from the Ministère des transports (MTQ) and the Société d'assurance automobile du Québec (SAAQ). The results present, mainly by the growth in the number of licence holders, an increase in the women’s presence in road safety records. Also, it reflects an overall decrease of the driver’s involvement in crash with injuries, this decrease being lower among women. Analysis of the relationship between sex and the accident characteristics and regression models demonstrate that sex remains a determinant in accidentology. Keywords : Crashes; Drivers; Sex; Women; Crash involvement; Road safety; Victims
Chiasson, Alexandre, and Alexandre Chiasson. "Les réseaux de polygones à fissures de contraction thermique au Nunavik." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37673.
Full textMalgré d’abondantes recherches sur le pergélisol au Nunavik, les sols polygonaux et la fissuration thermique du sol, aucune étude n’a encore été réalisée concernant la distribution spatiale de la fissuration active du sol par le gel et sur les sols polygonaux. Cette étude évalue l’activité de fissuration par le gel des polygones à fissures de contraction thermique sous les conditions climatiques actuelles et l’impact des paléoclimats froids de l’Holocène sur la répartition des polygones à travers les différentes zones bioclimatiques du Nunavik. Des milliers de photographies aériennes géoréférencées (n= 80 737) ainsi que les images satellitaires disponibles et accessibles via le logiciel ArcMap d’Esri (264 504,14 km²) ont été analysés afin de dresser un inventaire des polygones de toundra du Nunavik. Au total, 4 567 réseaux polygonaux ont été inventoriés. Pour chaque site répertorié, l’arrangement géométrique (par exemple : réseaux ouverts, fermés ou sans structure organisée), les angles d’intersection, les ordres de fissuration, le type de bombement et de bourrelets (plats, à centre surélevé, etc.), la nature du dépôt de surface affecté et la nature de la végétation dominante ont été notés et enregistrés dans une base de données. Les résultats et la modélisation des conditions de fissuration indiquent que les réseaux polygonaux actuellement actifs sont localisés au-delà du 60e parallèle Nord dans les dépôts organiques ou sur les terrasses sablonneuses recouvertes par un dépôt organique. Les tests statistiques effectués sur notre échantillon (n= 4 567) ont démontré qu’il existe une forte relation de covariance entre la nature du dépôt et les différents angles formant les réseaux. Il existe une prépondérance des réseaux orthogonaux (90°) sur les terrains plats ouverts où les contraintes thermo-mécaniques sont spatialement réparties de façon homogène dans le sol. Lorsque la topographie locale irrégulière engendre des flux de chaleur inégaux et des contraintes thermo-mécaniques hétérogènes, forçant un patron de fissuration irrégulier, le réseau tend à former un patron hexagonal (120°).
Despite abundant research in Nunavik on permafrost, ice-wedge polygons and ground thermal cracking, no study has yet been addressing the spatial distribution of active frost cracking and of thermal contraction crack polygons. To fill that knowledge gap, this study evaluates the spatial distribution of actively cracking polygons under the current climate conditions across the different bioclimatic zones of Nunavik. The study also assesses the importance of cold Holocene climate episodes for the formation of polygonal networks over the territory. Thousands of geo-referenced aerial photographs (80 737) and Esri satellite images (264,504.14 km²) were analyzed to conduct an extensive inventory of Nunavik's tundra polygons. A total of 4,567 polygonal networks were inventoried. For each identified site, the arrangement (e. g. open, closed or unorganized networks), intersections (angles), cracking orders (primary, secondary and tertiary cracks), type of bulge and rims (flat, high-centred, low-centred), the affected surficial geological materials and the vegetation cover were noted and compiled in a database. Mapping of the results and modelling of cracking conditions indicate that currently active polygonal networks are only present beyond 60°N, in the herbaceous tundra principally in organic soils, on raised beaches and on sandy organic-covered fluvial terraces. In addition, the statistical tests carried out on our sampled population showed that there is a strong dependency between the types of surficial deposits and the different angles forming the polygonal networks. Orthogonal polygons (90° intersection angles) dominate on flat terrains where the thermo-mechanical stresses are spatially homogenous and hexagonal polygons (120° intersection angles) are observed more likely on uneven terrain where local topography generates non-homogenous heat flows and uneven thermo-mechanical stresses in the ground, thus forcing a less regular cracking pattern
Despite abundant research in Nunavik on permafrost, ice-wedge polygons and ground thermal cracking, no study has yet been addressing the spatial distribution of active frost cracking and of thermal contraction crack polygons. To fill that knowledge gap, this study evaluates the spatial distribution of actively cracking polygons under the current climate conditions across the different bioclimatic zones of Nunavik. The study also assesses the importance of cold Holocene climate episodes for the formation of polygonal networks over the territory. Thousands of geo-referenced aerial photographs (80 737) and Esri satellite images (264,504.14 km²) were analyzed to conduct an extensive inventory of Nunavik's tundra polygons. A total of 4,567 polygonal networks were inventoried. For each identified site, the arrangement (e. g. open, closed or unorganized networks), intersections (angles), cracking orders (primary, secondary and tertiary cracks), type of bulge and rims (flat, high-centred, low-centred), the affected surficial geological materials and the vegetation cover were noted and compiled in a database. Mapping of the results and modelling of cracking conditions indicate that currently active polygonal networks are only present beyond 60°N, in the herbaceous tundra principally in organic soils, on raised beaches and on sandy organic-covered fluvial terraces. In addition, the statistical tests carried out on our sampled population showed that there is a strong dependency between the types of surficial deposits and the different angles forming the polygonal networks. Orthogonal polygons (90° intersection angles) dominate on flat terrains where the thermo-mechanical stresses are spatially homogenous and hexagonal polygons (120° intersection angles) are observed more likely on uneven terrain where local topography generates non-homogenous heat flows and uneven thermo-mechanical stresses in the ground, thus forcing a less regular cracking pattern
Léonard, Carol Jean. "Une toponymie voilée : problématique des noms de lieux particulière à une minorité canadienne, la Fransaskoisie." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18495.
Full textOllive, Alexandre. "Graffitis et graffiteurs dans la ville. Pratiques spatiales des graffiteurs de Québec et marquage symbolique de l'espace urbain." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23966/23966.pdf.
Full textRacca, Julien. "Optimisation de modèles d'inférences quantitatifs utilisant les diatomées et étude du paléoclimat de la Béringie orientale du dernier maximum glaciaire à nos jours." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24700/24700.pdf.
Full textAhui, Gabriel. "Caractérisation des espaces à risque de paludisme à M'bahiakro, Côte d'Ivoire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36451.
Full textVeilleux, Samuel. "Processus gravitaires dans la vallée Tasiapik (Nunavik) : témoins géomorphologiques de la dynamique de versant récente et passée." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37370.
Full textThis research project was conducted near Umiujaq (Nunavik) to document the main gravitational processes that occur on the slopes of Tasiapik Valley. 18 talus slopes on the southwest and northeast sides of the valley were characterized using topographic, granulometric, morphometric petrographic and vegetation surveys. Results show that talus formation in the valley is an ancient phenomena, due to paraglacial processes, and recent - and still ongoing – periglacial processes. This is evidenced by different development stages among the talus slopes, with fresh and very old debris covering the slopes, as well as contrasting slope topographies. On a shorter and more recent time scale, from August 2017 to July 2018, snow avalanches have proven to be a major process, as observed on the 14,000 photographs obtained using three automatic timelapse cameras installed in the summer of 2017. Snow avalanches were often triggered by a collapsing snow-cornice and were very frequent in the spring of 2018 due to favourable meteorological conditions such as a rapid increase in daily temperatures and abundant rainfall events. Dirty snow-avalanche deposits have shown the great erosive capacity of these snow avalanches, thus their important debris supply toward the talus slopes. In some cases, runout zones were located only a few meters from the road below, thus showing the potential risk for people travelling on the road
Dupré, Sophie. "La navigation dans les eaux arctiques canadiennes : du concept de risque à la géopolitique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26043/26043.pdf.
Full textThe aim of this geopolitics research is to analyze the particular sociopolitical situation of the Canadian Arctic using the representations it generates at different scales. The increasing interest in the Arctic zone, associated with a warming climate, makes us think back certain strategies, especially the regulation of maritime spaces. There is already a conflict between the United States and Canada in how the Arctic water is perceived, including the Northwest Passage, in terms of statute: international strait versus Canadian inland waters. In this context, Canada – which, over the past years, is continually claiming sovereignty over those Arctic waters – must also guarantee a safe navigation; otherwise it will lose credibility if any maritime problem occurs. Thus, my analysis focuses on navigation in Arctic waters. First, I give information about this navigation in a tangible way. Second, I broaden the study to what are the stakes and the consequences on the Arctic territory and its development. From a management perspective, stakeholders interact with the territory according to the perceptions and the representations they have of it and, vice versa, the territory is built by the means of these generated representations. However, the enhancement of the Arctic territory under the influence of navigation expansion shows rather exogenous development and the mark of extremely diversified representations. Finally, we will enquire into the context of structuring formation by means of a historical approach before discussing risks and vulnerabilities of navigation.
Durand, Martin. "Évolution et consolidation de l'espace francophone du Grand Moncton au Nouveau-Brunswick : 1960-2002." Thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2004/21595/21595.pdf.
Full textLepage, Lauriane, and Lauriane Lepage. "Connaissances des visiteurs de l'arrondissement historique du Vieux-Québec quant au patrimoine mondial de l'UNESCO." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37173.
Full textEn 2019, 1092 sites culturels et naturels sont inscrits sur la liste du patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO, dont l’arrondissement historique du Vieux-Québec (inscrit en 1985). Chaque année, de nouveaux sites y sont inscrits afin d’être protégés, conservés et mis en valeur. Ces sites, mondialement reconnus, attirent les touristes de partout dans le monde. Toutefois, plusieurs études scientifiques permettent de constater que les visiteurs des sites du patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO manquent de connaissances à ce sujet. Que ce soit dans les sites culturels ou naturels, peu de visiteurs connaissent ce label et encore moins les critères ayant permis aux sites d’être inscrit sur la liste. Cette étude exploratoire a pour objectif principal de dresser un portrait des connaissances que possèdent les visiteurs à l’égard de la reconnaissance de l’arrondissement historique du Vieux-Québec comme site du patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO. Pour y arriver, une enquête quantitative a été réalisée à l’été 2018 auprès des visiteurs de l’arrondissement historique (419 répondants). Les résultats obtenus permettent notamment d’observer que les visiteurs de l’arrondissement historique du Vieux-Québec connaissent le terme « patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO » sans toutefois connaitre les critères ayant permis l’obtention de cette mention. On constate également que le fait de connaitre le terme « patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO » n’influencerait pas significativement les participants lorsqu’ils choisissent une destination de voyage ou encore un site à visiter. De plus, pour les visiteurs, la mention du patrimoine mondial est principalement une garantie quant à la protection du site, à son authenticité et à sa beauté. Sur le plan de l’expérience touristique, la mention du patrimoine mondial devrait se traduire surtout dans une mise à disposition d’informations historiques. Informer les visiteurs des critères justifiant la mention du patrimoine mondial permettrait d’approfondir la connaissance qu’ils ont déjà. Les visiteurs seraient ainsi plus conscients de la valeur patrimoniale du site, de l’importance de le conserver et de la pertinence de le visiter.
Lévesque, Anne Marie. "Salluit : analyse et reconstitution d'événements climatiques significatifs pertinents à l'aménagement du territoire et à la sécurité publique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26621/26621.pdf.
Full textMalack, Dominique-Valérie, and Dominique-Valérie Malack. "Identités, mémoires et constructions nationales; la commémoration extérieure à Québec, 1889-2001." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17803.
Full textCette thèse a pour but de montrer les enjeux identitaires du processus commémoratif. Elle pose comme hypothèse que ce processus est un acte conscient de pouvoir qui a recours au passé pour intervenir sur la mémoire et l'identité des collectivités actuelles et leur devenir; le résultat n'est pas toujours conforme aux aspirations initiales. Elle s'inscrit dans un cadre spatio-temporel particulier, celui de la ville de Québec entre 1889 et 2001. Les objets commémoratifs considérés (plaques, monuments et statues) sont ceux déjà répertoriés dans l'inventaire de la Commission de la capitale nationale du Québec de même que la mise à jour réalisée pour ceux installés après 1998. Ils sont au nombre de 355 et s'échelonnent entre 1683 et 2001. La méthodologie utilisée est diversifiée. D'une part, l'analyse générale de tous les objets commémoratifs requiert une quantification des données. Cette analyse, très instructive quant à certains aspects (poids relatifs des divers intervenants, des régimes politiques commémorés), permet peu de comprendre les motivations, les enjeux, les points de tension, les processus, qui mènent à la réalisation de projets commémoratifs. Aussi, des études de cas (les monuments dédiés à Duplessis et à De Gaulle et l'ensemble commémoratif de l'Hôpital-Général de Québec) s'avèrent-elles nécessaires pour mieux cerner la volonté de construction d'une identité nationale et les contestations pouvant naître des actes commémoratifs. La démarche devient alors qualitative, trouvant assise sur des sources telles la correspondance, les lois, les mémorandums d'organismes gouvernementaux, les procès verbaux, des rapports, des politiques commémoratives et des articles de journaux. La thèse vise à expliciter l'un des aspects de la construction identitaire. L'une des contributions de la présente étude est d'illustrer, au moyen d'études de cas la volonté politique de mettre de l'avant une certaine identité à travers la commémoration. Elle apporte aussi un éclairage particulier sur l'identité en construction ; la lecture qui en est faite découle du paysage. D'autre part, elle permet d'explorer plus en profondeur la contestation et les arguments évoqués freinant l'installation dans les mémoires d'une oeuvre commémorative. Par ailleurs, l'étude présente une analyse générale du paysage de la commémoration de Québec, ce qui permet une compréhension plus globale du phénomène et fournit de nouvelles données sur le sujet. Elle jette également un éclairage sur les processus de pénétration de la mémoire et les volontés de la modeler selon les enjeux sociaux et politiques.
Girard, Thomas Marilou. "Morphostratigraphie et évolution géomorphologique holocène du secteur sud du détroit de Nastapoka, est de la baie d'Hudson." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26533/26533.pdf.
Full textLafond, Desrosiers Marianne. "Reconstitution dendroécologique de la fréquence et de l'amplitude des avalanches dans un vallon du Massif des Écrins, Alpes françaises." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25781/25781.pdf.
Full textBeaupré-Gateau, Olivier. "La frontière franco-espagnole au Pays basque : étude des fonctions de la frontière sur le territoire de l'Eurocité Bayonne-San-Sebastián." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23303/23303.pdf.
Full textBoisson, Antoine. "Caractérisation et modèles d'évolution des environnements côtiers du Nunavik, Québec, Canada." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36623.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the coastal environments of Nunavik (Quebec territory north of the 55th parallel), which had only been studied very briefly until now, both in space and over time. This research is unique in that no integrated study had yet been conducted in the field of coastal geomorphology on all the coasts of Nunavik. Most of these coasts are emerging due to a decrease in relative sea level because of the glacial isostatic adjustment. This geophysical characteristic has major consequences on the formation, morphology and evolution of Nunavik’s coastal environments. It also contributes to the mitigation of coastal risks. This thesis, mainly descriptive, addresses several aspects of Nunavik’s coasts: basic knowledge of coastal types through segmentation and classification work; a complete state of the art of climatic, cryogenic, geological and hydrodynamic conditions, which have shaped the coasts since the beginning of deglaciation; coastal hazards and risks; the study of specific geomorphological features such as boulder barricades as well as the De Geer moraine, esker and drumlinoid coastlines and the temperature regime of epigenetic permafrost on a rapidly emerging coast.
Lenormand, Frédéric. "Utilisation de la glace de lac comme indicateur de variabilité et de changements climatiques dans le Nord du Canada : développement d'une base de données et étude de cas." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22952/22952.pdf.
Full textLaperrière, Laurence. "Évolution postglaciaire du secteur sud-ouest du Bassin de Foxe, Île de Southampton, inférée par les assemblages fossiles de diatomées." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24316/24316.pdf.
Full textHay, Murray. "Reconstitution des conditions océanographiques et climatiques de l'holocène supérieur à Effingham Inlet, Île de Vancouver, Colombie-Britannique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/23241/23241.pdf.
Full textDiatom assemblages retrieved from sediment cores recovered from Effingham Inlet, a fjord on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, reflected local and regional ocean and climate patterns. Based on the diatom record, the modern ocean and climate regime for the region was established after 3200 cal yr BP marked by reduced diatom production, weaker upwelling, and greater climate variability. Diatom assemblages illustrated that less saline surface water conditions favour the renewal of deep-waters in the normally anoxic inner basin. Deep-water renewal was more common when a weaker and westward-displaced winter Aleutian Low favoured greater winter-spring precipitation that increased freshwater discharge into the fjord establishing more brackish surface conditions. The abrupt appearance of Rhizosolenia setigera and Minidiscus chilensis and a distinct morphotype of Thalassionema nitzschioides were recorded in sediment cores recovered from Effingham Inlet and provide well-dated, possibly regional chronological markers that are potentially useful for paleoceanographic studies.
Brossier, Benoît. "Dynamique sédimentaire riveraine des lacs boréaux de petite taille, Radisson, Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18823.
Full textBronsard, Karen. "Main-d'oeuvre mexicaine sur les terres agricoles québécoises : entre mythe et réalité." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24927/24927.pdf.
Full textEvery year, under the Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program, Mexicans arrive on Canadian soil to fill the labour shortages with which farmers are faced. As individual social actors in a complex web of interdependence, both the Canadian farmer and the Mexican worker have their reasons for taking advantage of the program in spite of the criticism that surrounds it. The critiques are fueled by an international debate portraying farmers as mistreating, neglecting, and abusing their employees while depicting Mexican workers as victims of the program. However, this depiction is incomplete; it neglects the farmers’ perspective. Amidst a revenue crisis and faced with an uncertain future, producers are confronted by challenges specific to market gardening. Following interviews conducted in the summer of 2006 in three regions of Québec, Montérégie, Lanaudière, and the Québec City area, results demonstrated that interdependence between foreign workers and local producers was present. The nature of farm work is explored and the results attempt to put the existing critiques of the Seasonal Agricultural Worker’s Programme into a new context.
Tanguay, David. "L'argent des migrations : moteur de développement des communautés rurales au Chiapas ?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24950/24950.pdf.
Full textOn January 1st, 1994, the Zapatistas seized several cities in the Mexican state of Chiapas and revealed to the world the deplorable socio-economic conditions of Chiapanecos. Since the neoliberal reforms of the 1980-1990 decades, peasants have been unable to adapt their production to competition from U.S. agricultural products. They now believe they have only one option left: migrate to the United States. Once in the host country, the migrants contribute to their family livelihood through the transfer of remittances. However, is this solution viable? The results of interviews conducted in the Lacandona forest show that remittances enable the migrant’s families to invest in agricultural production, health and education. Thus, they build up human capital that could help them break the cycle of poverty. Moreover, by fostering local economic and human development, migrations now help to contain social conflict on a regional scale. In this new context, what has become of Zapatista claims?
Rouault, Sesilina. "Déglaciation et évolution côtière holocène de la région de Coral Harbour, Sud-Est de l'Île de Southampton, Nunavut." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24226/24226.pdf.
Full textBouchard, Maxwell. "Genèse et mutations du parc des Laurentides : urbanité, territorialité et l'aménagement de l'espace naturel." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37733.
Full textConservation and preservation are concepts that historically involve different ideological relationships with nature. The way in which these concepts evolved over time and influenced the management of one of the first parks in Quebec, the parc des Laurentides (1895), is at the heart of this study in historical geography. In 1981, most of the territory of the park was replaced by a réserve faunique (conservation) and two smaller national parks (preservation), which differ by their degree of tolerance of human intervention. This supposes that these two ideologies coexisted within the parc des Laurentides, despite its status as a “national park”. The parc des Laurentides was a government project with the objective of simplifying its space to better understand, control and enhance it, resulting in different spatial representations. Through the analysis of historical maps and annual reports produced by the various departments responsible for managing the park between 1895-1981, the objective of the study is to identify the main representations that the State had of the natural space of the park, and how they influenced its land use planning. With the passing of the Loi sur les parcs in 1977, the various representations identified could no longer coexist within the parc des Laurentides, as together they implied conservation and preservation measures. In a broader context, the historical geography of the Parc des Laurentides ties together two opposite movements of the nature-culture relationship in Quebec that spanned from the end of the 19th century to the 1970s: from the privatization of public forest lands through the establishment of private hunting and fishing clubs, to the democratization of wilderness that resulted in the establishment of the existing outdoor network that benefits a society in search of wilderness.
Vincens, Marion. "Impacts de la restructuration du réseau d'autobus de la Ville de Québec sur l'accessibilité aux emplois et la mobilité professionnelle : 1991-2001." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/24141/24141.pdf.
Full textThis study concerns Quebec City public transport system. When it was reorganized in 1992 two specific service transits were set up: the “Express” (routes between residential areas and the city center via highways) and the “Métrobus” (two high frequency bus routes operated on priority lanes during rush hours). Using GIS and spatial statistics, we verify whether the transport system reorganization has enabled to improve Quebec City’s residents job accessibility and professional mobility, especially for women who are the main users. Results show that although journey times have significantly been reduced, bus modal share kept decreasing between 1991 and 2001, even in Métrobus lanes. Besides, the increased share of women on the labour market does not seem to be directly linked to the improvement of job accessibility.
Lemieux, Anne-Marie. "Changements environnementaux et culturels en milieu arctique : site archéologique IbGk-3, île Drayton, Inukjuak." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26559/26559.pdf.
Full textL'Hérault, Emmanuel. "Contexte climatique critique favorable au déclenchement de ruptures de mollisol dans la vallée de Salluit, Nunavik." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26580/26580.pdf.
Full textTremblay-Breault, Martin. "Portrait évolutif et comparatif de la mobilité quotidienne des hommes et des femmes de la région urbaine de Québec : des changements entre 1996 et 2006?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30189/30189.pdf.
Full textBlouin, Sébastien. "Impact de la variabilité climatique récente (1970-2002) sur le débit des rivières alimentant en eau la grande région de Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23854/23854.pdf.
Full textBonneu, Nathalie. "L'attachement des résidents en milieu urbain à l'icône touristique de leur territoire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36719.
Full textLavoie, Caroline. "Géomorphologie et quaternaire du Lac Guillaume-Delisle (Nunavik), Canada." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/24158/24158.pdf.
Full textAubin, Laurent. "Entre patrimonialisation et aménagement du territoire : une archéologie des représentations des communautés religieuses dans le développement et la mise en valeur des "grands domaines" de Sillery (Québec, Canada)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35693.
Full textIn recent years, religious communities in Quebec have been experiencing changes as a result of the decline and aging of their members. As a result, there are attempts to protect and enhance the communities’ heritage. This thesis focuses on the process of requalification of convent properties and their patrimonialization, in the perspective of urban planning, through an archeology of representations. The thesis examines patrimonialization and planning processes that took place between 1964 and 2016 on the main estates of the Sillery Heritage Site, located in Quebec City, Canada. It traces and analyzes interpretations associated with representations of these communities and their use in discourses and planning practices.
Hachem, Sonia. "Cartographie des températures de surface, des indices de gel et de dégel et de la répartition spatiale du pergélisol à l'aide du Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25601/25601.pdf.
Full textFrom near surface temperatures measured by sensors onboard satellites, at a regular and repeated time, it has been decided to produce near surface temperature, freezing and thawing indices maps and permafrost distribution boundaries in Arctic and Subarctic regions. The mapped area is the Quebec-Labrador territory. Land Surface Temperatures (LST) retrieved from the MODIS sensor on Aqua and Terra satellites were compared as well as possible with soil and air temperatures of several stations over continuous permafrost within different tundra landscapes, in the North Slope of Alaska and Northern Quebec and Labrador (chapter 1). Correlations values (R²) established between near surface air temperatures (Tair) on all ground stations and LST from the MODIS sensor are above 0.80. This proves that LST data have a high potential to be used as regional complement of temperatures from meteorological stations. As the Terra and Aqua swath is 2300 km wide, each overpass (twice a day for both satellites), makes it possible to map vast areas at low cost. However, Arctic areas are often cloudy which results in discontinuous satellite data. The number of non-cloudy days is large enough to necessitate the calculation of a temporal interpolation between days and for each pixel. Then, in chapter 2, a mathematic model produces excellent correlations between LSTs and Tair, mean annual near surface temperatures and freezing index; correlations with thawing indices are barely satisfactory. From these correlations between pixels and ground stations, data maps are drawn. An analysis of mean annual near surface temperature, freezing and thawing indices maps shows similarities in areas where data are well known and provides some new understanding of the surface climate of Quebec-Labrador. In chapter 3, usual indices such as isotherms, which are of used to define permafrost boundaries on regional scales, are applied on this territory. Here, again, the southern limit of continuous permafrost as drawn is comparable to other existing maps. Surface thermal conditions conducive to permafrost recently migrated northward. Our model therefore offers advanced capabilities for permafrost mapping and monitoring.
Robitaille-Bérubé, Camille, and Camille Robitaille-Bérubé. "L'adaptation des coopératives agricoles aux impacts des changements climatiques : le cas de deux coopératives dans le département d'Ancash au Pérou." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37414.
Full textDepuis quelques années, les changements climatiques sont au coeur des préoccupations de plusieurs États. Les impacts des variabilités climatiques se font de plus en plus sentir et cette réalité est avérée dans les pays en développement. Les pays pauvres sont particulièrement touchés par les impacts des changements climatiques, aggravant leur vulnérabilité aux intempéries. Une grande part de la population des pays dits du tiers monde dépend de l’agriculture comme principale activité de subsistance. Or, l’agriculture est très dépendante du climat. Ainsi, pour sa pauvreté, sa sensibilité, son exposition aux catastrophes naturelles et sa dépendance à l’agriculture, le Pérou mérite une attention particulière. Cette étude vise à élaborer une méthodologie d’aide à la décision mise à la disposition des coopératives agricoles dans un contexte de collaboration avec SOCODEVI (société de coopération pour le développement international). Cette méthodologie tend à identifier les vulnérabilités des membres ainsi qu’à identifier des stratégies d’adaptation vis-à-vis des changements climatiques et de prendre en compte cette dimension dans les outils de planification et d’interventions techniques des coopératives. L’étude a adopté une approche dite participative ce qui permettra d’adapter ce guide aux différents contextes dans lesquels il sera mis en oeuvre. Les résultats obtenus sont issus de groupes de discussion, d’entrevues semi-dirigées, de données tant subjectives (perceptions) qu’objectives (sources scientifiques), de cartographies participatives, de SIG et de cartographies. Cette recherche a entre autres permis de montrer que les changements climatiques ne sont pas considérés comme une priorité des membres des coopératives rencontrées dans le département d’Ancash. Bien qu’ils soient exposés et affectés par ces derniers, la présence de stratégie d’adaptation est presque inexistante. Dans ce mémoire, quelques pistes de suggestions seront ainsi proposées dans le cadre d’une méthodologie d’aide à la décision
For several years, climate change has been a major concern for many states. The impacts of this climatic variability are becoming more and more felt and this reality is proven in developing countries. Poor countries are particularly affected by the impacts of climate change, exacerbating their vulnerability to harsh weather. A large part of the population of so-called third world countries depends on agriculture as their main livelihood activity. Agriculture is very dependent on the climate. Thus, for its poverty, its sensibility, its exposure to natural disasters and its dependence on agriculture, Peru deserves special attention. This study aims to develop a decision-making methodology available to agricultural cooperatives in a collaborative context with SOCODEVI (International Development Cooperation Corporation). This methodology aims to identify members’ vulnerabilities as well as to identify adaptation strategies with regard to climate change and to take this dimension into account in the planning tools and technical interventions of cooperatives. The study has adopted a so-called participatory approach which will make it possible to adapt this guide to the different contexts in which it will be implemented. The results were obtained from focus groups, semi-directed interviews, both subjective (perceptions) and objective (literature) data, participatory mapping, GIS and mapping. This research has, among other things, shown that climate change is not a priority for members of cooperatives encountered in the department of Ancash. Although they are exposed and affected by them, the presence of coping strategies is almost non-existent. In this thesis, some suggestions will be proposed as part of a decision support methodology
For several years, climate change has been a major concern for many states. The impacts of this climatic variability are becoming more and more felt and this reality is proven in developing countries. Poor countries are particularly affected by the impacts of climate change, exacerbating their vulnerability to harsh weather. A large part of the population of so-called third world countries depends on agriculture as their main livelihood activity. Agriculture is very dependent on the climate. Thus, for its poverty, its sensibility, its exposure to natural disasters and its dependence on agriculture, Peru deserves special attention. This study aims to develop a decision-making methodology available to agricultural cooperatives in a collaborative context with SOCODEVI (International Development Cooperation Corporation). This methodology aims to identify members’ vulnerabilities as well as to identify adaptation strategies with regard to climate change and to take this dimension into account in the planning tools and technical interventions of cooperatives. The study has adopted a so-called participatory approach which will make it possible to adapt this guide to the different contexts in which it will be implemented. The results were obtained from focus groups, semi-directed interviews, both subjective (perceptions) and objective (literature) data, participatory mapping, GIS and mapping. This research has, among other things, shown that climate change is not a priority for members of cooperatives encountered in the department of Ancash. Although they are exposed and affected by them, the presence of coping strategies is almost non-existent. In this thesis, some suggestions will be proposed as part of a decision support methodology
Tomé, Hernández Griselda. "Quelles innovations sociales pour une gestion participative et intégrée de l'eau du Rio Salado, Puebla (Mexique) ? Analyse de la gestion intégrée de l'eau d'un sous-bassin." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36439.
Full textIn view of the serious water crisis currently facing the humanity, the study of water management and governance is becoming increasingly necessary. In this sense, this research focuses on identifying and analyzing the water management models implemented in the sub-basin of the Salado River; as well as its governance system, in order to propose a management model that highlights the main factors that facilitate citizen participation and the strengthening of governance structures in the territory. To delimit, analyze and interpret the reality studied, we rely on the Integrated Water Resources Management approach (IWRM) and the concepts of water governance and water soft path. With the help of mixed research methods, the results show that in the territory there are two models of water management: public and social. The first is the responsibility of CONAGUA and the second of agricultural and urban public users. Although the governance system of the public water management model presents some of the analytical dimensions of water governance, it does not cover the water needs of the different sectoral users and does not offer an effective opportunity for citizen participation in decisionmaking at the subregional and local scales. On the contrary, the social water management model shows innovative governance system, based on bidirectional participatory (top down and bottom up) and inclusive processes that allows local stakeholders to manage water efficiently, inclusively and equitably. All of which leads us to affirm that this innovative way of managing water can help to improve the operability of the governance system of the public water management model applied in the territory.
Ante la grave crisis del agua que enfrenta actualmente la humanidad, el estudio de la gestión y gobernanza del agua se torna cada vez más necesario. En ese sentido, la presente investigación se centra en identificar y analizar los modelos de gestión del agua implementados en la subcuenca Río Salado; así como sus sistemas de gobernanza con el fin de proponer un modelo de gestión que resalte los principales factores que facilitan la participación ciudadana y el fortalecimiento de las estructuras de gobernanza en el territorio. Para delimitar, analizar e interpretar la realidad estudiada nos apoyamos en el enfoque de Gestión Integrada de los Recursos Hídricos de Cuencas Hidrográficas (GIRH) y en los conceptos de gobernanza del agua y Water Soft Path. Con la ayuda de métodos mixtos de investigación, los resultados muestran que en el territorio existen dos modelos de gestión del agua: pública y social. El primero está a cargo de la Comisión Nacional del Agua (CONAGUA) y el segundo de los usuarios agrícolas y urbanos. A pesar de que el sistema de gobernanza del modelo de gestión pública del agua presenta algunas de las dimensiones analíticas de la gobernanza del agua, éste no cubre las necesidades de agua de los diferentes usuarios sectoriales, y tampoco ofrece una oportunidad efectiva para la participación ciudadana en la toma de decisiones tanto a la escala subregional como local. Por el contrario, el modelo de gestión social del agua muestra un sistema de gobernanza innovador, sustentado en procesos participativos bidireccionales (« top down » y « bottom up ») e incluyentes que permite a los actores locales gestionar el agua de manera eficiente, incluyente y equitativa. Todo esto nos lleva a afirmar que esta innovadora forma de gestionar el agua puede ayudar a mejorar la operatividad del sistema de gobernanza del modelo de gestión pública del agua aplicado en el territorio. Palabras clave: Gobernanza del agua, gestión del agua, gestión integrada de los recursos hídricos, cuenca hidrográfica, sistema de gobernanza del agua, participación y subcuenca Río Salado.
Girard, Étienne. "Usage de la cognition spatiale pour localiser les lieux d'activité lors d'une enquête Origine - Destination." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17912.
Full textColpron-Tremblay, Julien. "Dynamique à long terme de la sapinière de la Forêt Montmorency à l'aide de l'analyse paléobotanique de dépôts organiques forestiers." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26070/26070.pdf.
Full textD'Amours, Christine. "Établissement et évolution des populations gaspésiennes aux XIXe et XXe siècles." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26635/26635.pdf.
Full textBecause of the region’s topography and of its economic activities – more particularly those related to the fisheries, the distribution of the population in Gaspésie, characterized by an ethnocultural diversity, is mainly structured on the coast of the peninsula. According to existing literature, communication issues have led the Gaspesians to develop in isolation. The study of the demographic evolution of Gaspésie, the sociability relations and the migratory trajectories of the inhabitants of sampled localities from the 19th century until 1940 is observed in three sub-regions: Haute-Gaspésie, Côte-de-Gaspé and Baie-des-Chaleurs. Migratory trajectories are subjected to the peculiarities of the territory, each locality maintaining relationships with specific regions, often to the detriment of other Gaspesian sub-regions. There exists an important distance between the sub-regions, contributing to the slowness with which a regional identity was forged. Keywords: Gaspésie, migration, settlement, isolation, mobility, ethnocultural diversity
Tremblay, Martin. "L'implantation des aires protégées au Vietnam : quels impacts pour les populations locales?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24979/24979.pdf.
Full textMagnan, Gabriel. "Fréquence passée des feux et successions végétales dans les tourbières ombrotrophes près de Radisson, Québec nordique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26080/26080.pdf.
Full textMonnerat, Mélie. "L'acajou aux Fidji : un arbre au coeur des préoccupations environnementale, sociopolitique et économique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25378/25378.pdf.
Full textFrom the mid 1990s to the beginning of the twenty-first century, big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) plantations have become a major economic and sociopolitical consideration in Fiji. Although they are of interest principally because of their economic value, this paper argues that environmental and sociopolitical aspects of the plantations must be taken into account. The first part considers the international scale illustrating that big-leaf mahogany is the most commercially important timber species in the Neotropic zone and is facing global overexploitation. This reality contributes to the advantageous position of planted Fiji mahogany. This much said, Fiji as an island state presents a number of distinctive parameters, notably a limited land surface and fragile ecosystems. The second part of this study elaborates on the history and management of Fiji mahogany in order to take into account their specific parameters. The third part will discuss the place mahogany plantations occupy in Fiji’s economic and sociocultural configuration. Through a geocultural approach, the study focuses on the distinctive population dynamic in Fiji where ethnic Fijians and Indo-Fijians have cohabited for about four generations in a complex situation, notably with regard to indigenous land tenure, productive versus subsistence agriculture, rural versus urban societies and a colonial regime. The study concludes that an interdisciplinary and multi-scale approach clarifies the complex situation in which the Fiji mahogany plantations are being developed.
Paitre, Cédric. "Dynamique des marges forestières de milieux tourbeux du Haut-Boréal, Québec nordique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25503/25503.pdf.
Full textSaulnier-Talbot, Émilie. "Impacts de l'évolution climatique postglaciaire sur les lacs de l'extrême Nord de l'Ungava, Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/25007/25007.pdf.
Full textAdaïmé, Marc-Elie, and Marc-Elie Adaïmé. "Reconstitution paléoenvironnementale et paléoclimatique postglaciaire de la région du détroit de Fury et Hecla, Nunavut." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37559.
Full textCette étude a été réalisée dans la région du détroit de Fury et Hecla (Nunavut), entre la péninsule de Melville et le nord-ouest de l’Ile de Baffin. L’analyse de carottes de sédiments de lacs situés sur la rive sud du détroit nous a permis de reconstituer l’histoire environnementale régionale depuis la dernière déglaciation. Les enregistrements biostratigraphiques et géochimiques témoignent tout d’abord d’un retrait glaciaire accompagné d’une transgression marine à partir de 8200 années cal. BP, suivant l’ablation graduelle du dôme de Foxe lors de l’optimum climatique de l’Holocène. Au cours de cette période, la connexion entre les océans Atlantique et Pacifique se serait établie et le relèvement glacio-isostatique en cours aurait initié l’isolement progressif des bassins lacustres de l’influence marine. Des analyses multivariées appliquées aux données biologiques et géochimiques nous indiquent également que les conditions climatiques chaudes se seraient maintenues entre 6000 et 3900 années cal. BP, avant que la région ne plonge dans un épisode de refroidissement associé au Néoglaciaire, tel que reflété par une diminution de la biomasse et une augmentation de l’oxygénation des bassins. Plus encore, en tenant compte des datations au 14C des unités d’isolement et de l’altitude actuelle des deux lacs, cette étude propose un modèle de relèvement glacio-isostatique régional et suggère une nouvelle limite marine ayant atteint 204 m au nord-est de la Péninsule de Melville suivant la déglaciation.
This study was conducted in the Fury and Hecla Strait region (Nunavut), between Melville Peninsula and northwestern Baffin Island. Sedimentological records of two lakes located on the southern shore of the strait allowed us to reconstruct the regional environmental history since deglaciation. Biostratigraphic and geochemical profiles initially reveal a regional deglaciation and marine transgression around 8200 cal. yr BP, following the gradual breakup of the Foxe Ice Dome during the Holocene Thermal Optimum. At that time, the connection between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans must have been established and the glacial isostatic adjustment gradually isolated the lacustrine basins from marine influence. Multivariate analyses conducted on the biological and geochemical datasets indicate that climatic conditions remained relatively warm throughout the 6000-3900 cal. yr BP interval, before significantly cooling during the Neoglacial period, as inferred from a decrease in biomass and increase in bottom water oxygenation. Moreover, based on the 14C-dated isolation contacts and threshold elevations of the two lakes, this study proposes a regional land emergence model and suggests a new marine limit that reached 204 m in northeastern Melville peninsula following deglaciation.
This study was conducted in the Fury and Hecla Strait region (Nunavut), between Melville Peninsula and northwestern Baffin Island. Sedimentological records of two lakes located on the southern shore of the strait allowed us to reconstruct the regional environmental history since deglaciation. Biostratigraphic and geochemical profiles initially reveal a regional deglaciation and marine transgression around 8200 cal. yr BP, following the gradual breakup of the Foxe Ice Dome during the Holocene Thermal Optimum. At that time, the connection between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans must have been established and the glacial isostatic adjustment gradually isolated the lacustrine basins from marine influence. Multivariate analyses conducted on the biological and geochemical datasets indicate that climatic conditions remained relatively warm throughout the 6000-3900 cal. yr BP interval, before significantly cooling during the Neoglacial period, as inferred from a decrease in biomass and increase in bottom water oxygenation. Moreover, based on the 14C-dated isolation contacts and threshold elevations of the two lakes, this study proposes a regional land emergence model and suggests a new marine limit that reached 204 m in northeastern Melville peninsula following deglaciation.
Andrieux, Thomas. "La résurgence de la Russie dans la région du Moyen-Orient : le cas de la crise syrienne de 2011." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35856.
Full textThis project analyses the role played by Russia in the Syrian conflict. This project primary objective is to investigate the various reasons that motivates Russia to be implicated militarily and politically in a conflict that is far away from its own borders. In addition, this project will allow the reader to be better informed about Russia’s present place in middle eastern geopolitical dynamics. This master’s degree project puts in relation many themes that are rarely addressed in geographical studies, giving it a degree of originality that is highly relevant in contemporary scientific studies. Russia has always positioned itself besides the Syrian regime since the beginning of the population uprising in 2011. It has also condemned any exterior intervention, perceived as a way to destabilize a legitimate and sovereign regime. Three main recurring themes, described as explaining Russia’s actions in Syria, found many times in mass medias and in certain publications, were analyzed. Historically speaking, Russia and Syria don’t have strong enough relations that could explain why Moscow is showing such a strong support for the regime in place. The Russian weapon’s trade with Syria isn’t important enough either; Russia sells bigger volumes of weaponry to China, Vietnam and Algeria. The Russian naval base located in Tartus, cited many times in the medias, is nothing else but a soviet heritage that can only manage to maintain basic resupply functions. As it has no command and control capabilities, Moscow is only using these floating piers as a logistical asset in the conflict. Terrorism in Russia exists since a long time but the Syrian conflict will have a reduced impact on domestic radicalism. The effect was quite the opposite of what was expected; the migration of Russian fighters towards Syrian battlefields lowered the percentage of violent and armed crimes in certain regions of the North Caucasus. Russia adopted its stance in Syria to re-establish its influence in the region and to pave the road for a dynamic of multilateralism in the Middle East that would integrate key states that are influent in the region.
Boutet, Guillaume. "Le changement de forme des berges de la rivière Saint-Charles à Québec : l'explication de l'approche culturelle de la géographie." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23913/23913.pdf.
Full textBernatchez, Pascal. "Évolution littorale holocène et actuelle des complexes deltaïques de Betsiamites et de Manicouagan-Outardes : synthèse, processus, causes et perspectives." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33004.
Full textQuébec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2018
Brais, Nicole. "La dimension géographique de l'articulation vie professionnelle/vie familiale : stratégies spatiales familiales dans la région de Québec." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17774.
Full textDumont, Jean-Philippe. "Évolution de la gestion des formes urbaines sur la Colline parlementaire de Québec : de la rénovation urbaine au nouvel urbanisme." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24996/24996.pdf.
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