Journal articles: 'G-FRCM'

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D'Antino, Tommaso, and Carlo Poggi. "Stress Redistribution in Glass Fibers of G-FRCM Composites." Key Engineering Materials 817 (August 2019): 520–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.817.520.

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Fiber reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) composites are increasingly adopted as a strengthening technique for existing masonry structures. Among the different fibers that can be employed in the reinforcing open-mesh textiles, which are embedded within cement- and lime-based matrices, glass fibers are gaining popularity due to their low price and promising performances observed so far. However, the stress redistribution between the glass fiber filaments within the textile is often uneven, which strongly affects the performance of the FRCM when subjected to external forces. In this paper, the stress redistribution between the glass fiber filaments is studied on the basis of tensile tests on a glass fiber textile left bare and impregnated with organic and inorganic matrices. The parameters studied are the fiber textile tensile strength and elastic modulus. Different systems, including the digital image correlation (DIC) technique, were employed to measure the specimen tensile strain. The results obtained shed light on the tensile strength of the glass textile, which is a key parameter in the design of glass FRCM strengthening.

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Girdwood, Tom, and George Howie. "W. G. Scott-Harden, MB, ChB, FRCP(Ed), FRCR, DMRE(Cantab.)." Clinical Radiology 36, no. 1 (January 1985): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-9260(85)80004-0.

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Khan, Aftab Ahmed, Leila Perea-Lowery, Abdulaziz Abdullah Al-Khureif, Nawaf Abdulrahman AlMufareh, ElZahraa Eldwakhly, Eija Säilynoja, and Pekka Kalevi Vallittu. "Interfacial Adhesion of a Semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network-Based Fiber-Reinforced Composite with a High and Low-Gradient Poly(methyl methacrylate) Resin Surface." Polymers 13, no. 3 (January 22, 2021): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13030352.

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The research aimed to determine the tensile bond strength (TBS) between polymerized intact and ground fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) surfaces. FRC prepregs (a reinforcing fiber pre-impregnated with a semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) resin system; everStick C&B) were divided into two groups: intact FRCs (with a highly PMMA-enriched surface) and ground FRCs (with a low PMMA gradient). Each FRC group was treated with: StickRESIN and G-Multi PRIMER. These groups were further divided into four subgroups based on the application time of the treatment agents: 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 min. Next, a resin luting cement was applied to the FRC substrates on the top of the photo-polymerized treating agent. Thereafter, weight loss, surface microhardness, and TBS were evaluated. Three-factor analysis of variance (p ≤ 0.05) revealed significant differences in the TBS among the FRC groups. The highest TBS was recorded for the intact FRC surface treated with G-Multi PRIMER for 2 min (13.0 ± 1.2 MPa). The monomers and solvents of G-Multi PRIMER showed a time-dependent relationship between treatment time and TBS. They could diffuse into the FRC surface that has a higher PMMA gradient, further resulting in a high TBS between the FRC and resin luting cement.

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Connolly, John E. "HARRY H. G. EASTCOTT, FRCS (ENG), LONDON." Transactions of the ... Meeting of the American Surgical Association 128 (2010): 341–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.sla.0000391122.56243.f1.

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Nld. "A G Palin, BM, BCL, FRCS, FRCSEd." British Journal of Ophthalmology 70, no. 12 (December 1, 1986): 936. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjo.70.12.936.

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Davies, Phys. "F. G. M. Ross, MB, BChir., DMRD, FFR, FRCR." Clinical Radiology 51, no. 9 (September 1996): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-9260(96)80075-4.

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Cook, G. C. "Dr D G James FRCP and the Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine." Postgraduate Medical Journal 79, no. 928 (February 1, 2003): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pmj.79.928.101.

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Aghdasi, Parham, and Claudia P. Ostertag. "Green ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete (G-UHP-FRC)." Construction and Building Materials 190 (November 2018): 246–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.09.111.

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Drażbo, Aleksandra Alicja, Jerzy Juśkiewicz, Agata Józefiak, and Paweł Konieczka. "The Fermentation Process Improves the Nutritional Value of Rapeseed Cake for Turkeys—Effects on Performance, Gut Bacterial Population and Its Fermentative Activity." Animals 10, no. 9 (September 22, 2020): 1711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10091711.

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This experiment investigated the potential inclusion of fermented rapeseed cake (FRC) in turkey diets. The turkeys received diets either not supplemented (C) or supplemented with raw rapeseed cake (RRC) or FRC at 150 g/kg diet. In comparison with RRC, turkeys receiving FRC achieved significantly higher final BW comparable with that noted in the control group. The dietary inclusion of FRC increased the concentrations of propionic and valeric acid in the cecal digesta compared with the control group, and increased the proportion of butyric acid in SCFA profile compared with RRC group. The activities of glycolytic bacterial enzymes in the cecal digesta, were lowest in turkeys fed FRC. Experimental diets did not cause a shift in the relative abundances of the main bacterial phyla or orders in the cecal digesta. FRC increased the abundance of Bacteroidaceae at the family level, but decreased the abundance of Lactobacillus at the genus level compared with birds fed RRC. In conclusion, the dietary inclusion of FRC at 150 g/kg did not compromise bird performance, did not excessively stimulate bacterial activity, and did not cause shifts in the bacterial composition in the cecum. Actually, FCR exerted several beneficial effects that contributed to maintaining gut health in turkeys, which points to its advantage over RRC.

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Elliott, A. R., G. K. Prisk, H. J. Guy, and J. B. West. "Lung volumes during sustained microgravity on Spacelab SLS-1." Journal of Applied Physiology 77, no. 4 (October 1, 1994): 2005–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1994.77.4.2005.

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Gravity is known to influence the mechanical behavior of the lung and chest wall. However, the effect of sustained microgravity (mu G) on lung volumes has not been reported. Pulmonary function tests were performed by four subjects before, during, and after 9 days of mu G exposure. Ground measurements were made in standing and supine postures. Tests were performed using a bag-in-box-and-flowmeter system and a respiratory mass spectrometer. Measurements included functional residual capacity (FRC), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), residual volume (RV), inspiratory and expiratory vital capacities (IVC and EVC), and tidal volume (VT). Total lung capacity (TLC) was derived from the measured EVC and RV values. With preflight standing values as a comparison, FRC was significantly reduced by 15% (approximately 500 ml) in mu G and 32% in the supine posture. ERV was reduced by 10–20% in mu G and decreased by 64% in the supine posture. RV was significantly reduced by 18% (310 ml) in mu G but did not significantly change in the supine posture compared with standing. IVC and EVC were slightly reduced during the first 24 h of mu G but returned to 1-G standing values within 72 h of mu G exposure. IVC and EVC in the supine posture were significantly reduced by 12% compared with standing. During mu G, VT decreased by 15% (approximately 90 ml), but supine VT was unchanged compared with preflight standing values. TLC decreased by approximately 8% during mu G and in the supine posture compared with preflight standing. The reductions in FRC, ERV, and RV during mu G are probably due to the cranial shift of the diaphragm, an increase in intrathoracic blood volume, and more uniform alveolar expansion.

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Mena-Álvarez, Jesús, Rubén Agustín-Panadero, and Alvaro Zubizarreta-Macho. "Effect of Fiber-Reinforced Composite and Elastic Post on the Fracture Resistance of Premolars with Root Canal Treatment—An In Vitro Pilot Study." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (October 28, 2020): 7616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217616.

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(1) Background: To analyze the fracture resistance of endodontically upper premolar teeth restored with glass fiber reinforced posts, glass fiber elastic posts, conventional composite resin (CR) and glass fiber reinforced composite (FRC) resins as restorations. (2) Methods: Seventy premolars were submitted to root canal treatment and restored with the following restorative materials (n = 10): A. FRC posts restored with resin; B. Elastic FRC posts restored with resin; C. FRC posts restored with FRC resin; D. Elastic FRC posts restored with FRC resin; E. Direct restoration with resin; F. Direct restoration with FRC resin; G. Untreated teeth. The teeth were embedded in an epoxy resin model, thermal cycling fatigued in distilled water and mechanical cycling fatigued inducing 80 N load. Loading was applied axially on the center of the occlusal surface with a vertical displacement. The fracture was produced by a universal machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/s with a 5000 N load cell. The results were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test and Weibull characteristic strength and modulus were calculated. (3) Results: The group that obtained the greatest fracture resistance was D (3620 ± 470 N) and the least resistant was group A (2420 ± 1010 N). Statistically significant differences were observed between the groups restored with Elastic FRC posts-CR versus FRC post-CR and only CR (p = 0.043 and p = 0.008). (4) Conclusions: The glass fiber reinforced restorative materials increase the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth.

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Vilstrup, C. T., L. J. Bjorklund, A. Larsson, B. Lachmann, and O. Werner. "Functional residual capacity and ventilation homogeneity in mechanically ventilated small neonates." Journal of Applied Physiology 73, no. 1 (July 1, 1992): 276–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1992.73.1.276.

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A modification of a computerized tracer gas (SF6) washout method was designed for serial measurements of functional residual capacity (FRC) and ventilation homogeneity in mechanically ventilated very-low-birth-weight infants with tidal volumes down to 4 ml. The method, which can be used regardless of the inspired O2 concentration, gave accurate and reproducible results in a lung model and good agreement compared with He dilution in rabbits. FRC was measured during 2–4 cmH2O of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in 15 neonates (700–1,950 g), most of them with mild-to-moderate respiratory distress syndrome. FRC increased with body weight and decreased (P less than 0.05) with increasing O2 requirement. Change to zero end-expiratory pressure caused an immediate decrease in FRC by 29% (P less than 0.01) and gave FRC (ml) = -1.4 + 17 x weight (kg) (r = 0.83). Five minutes after PEEP was discontinued (n = 12), FRC had decreased by a further 16% (P less than 0.01). The washout curves indicated a near-normal ventilation homogeneity not related to changes in PEEP. This was interpreted as evidence against the presence of large volumes of trapped alveolar gas.

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Martinez, Robert J., Yanling Wang, Melanie A. Raimondo, Jonna M. Coombs, Tamar Barkay, and Patricia A. Sobecky. "Horizontal Gene Transfer of PIB-Type ATPases among Bacteria Isolated from Radionuclide- and Metal-Contaminated Subsurface Soils." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 5 (May 2006): 3111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.5.3111-3118.2006.

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ABSTRACT Aerobic heterotrophs were isolated from subsurface soil samples obtained from the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Field Research Center (FRC) located at Oak Ridge, Tenn. The FRC represents a unique, extreme environment consisting of highly acidic soils with cooccurring heavy metals, radionuclides, and high nitrate concentrations. Four hundred isolates obtained from contaminated soil were assayed for heavy metal resistance, and a smaller subset was assayed for tolerance to uranium. The vast majority of the isolates were gram-positive bacteria and belonged to the high-G+C- and low-G+C-content genera Arthrobacter and Bacillus, respectively. Genomic DNA from a randomly chosen subset of 50 Pb-resistant (Pbr) isolates was amplified with PCR primers specific for PIB-type ATPases (i.e., pbrA/cadA/zntA). A total of 10 pbrA/cadA/zntA loci exhibited evidence of acquisition by horizontal gene transfer. A remarkable dissemination of the horizontally acquired PIB-type ATPases was supported by unusual DNA base compositions and phylogenetic incongruence. Numerous Pbr PIB-type ATPase-positive FRC isolates belonging to the genus Arthrobacter tolerated toxic concentrations of soluble U(VI) (UO2 2+) at pH 4. These unrelated, yet synergistic, physiological traits observed in Arthrobacter isolates residing in the contaminated FRC subsurface may contribute to the survival of the organisms in such an extreme environment. This study is, to the best of our knowledge, the first study to report broad horizontal transfer of PIB-type ATPases in contaminated subsurface soils and is among the first studies to report uranium tolerance of aerobic heterotrophs obtained from the acidic subsurface at the DOE FRC.

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14

Thomas, Sara H., Elizabeth Padilla-Crespo, Phillip M. Jardine, Robert A. Sanford, and Frank E. Löffler. "Diversity and Distribution of Anaeromyxobacter Strains in a Uranium-Contaminated Subsurface Environment with a Nonuniform Groundwater Flow." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 11 (April 3, 2009): 3679–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02473-08.

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ABSTRACT Versaphilic Anaeromyxobacter dehalogenans strains implicated in hexavalent uranium reduction and immobilization are present in the fractured saprolite subsurface environment at the U.S. Department of Energy Integrated Field-Scale Subsurface Research Challenge (IFC) site near Oak Ridge, TN. To provide insight into the in situ distribution of Anaeromyxobacter strains in this system with a nonuniform groundwater flow, 16S rRNA gene-targeted primers and linear hybridization (TaqMan) probes were designed for Oak Ridge IFC Anaeromyxobacter isolates FRC-D1 and FRC-W, along with an Anaeromyxobacter genus-targeted probe and primer set. Multiplex quantitative real-time PCR (mqPCR) was applied to samples collected from Oak Ridge IFC site areas 1 and 3, which are not connected by the primary groundwater flow paths; however, transport between them through cross-plane fractures is hypothesized. Strain FRC-W accounted for more than 10% of the total quantifiable Anaeromyxobacter community in area 1 soils, while strain FRC-D1 was not detected. In FeOOH-amended enrichment cultures derived from area 1 site materials, strain FRC-D1 accounted for 30 to 90% of the total Anaeromyxobacter community, demonstrating that this strain was present in situ in area 1. The area 3 total Anaeromyxobacter abundance exceeded that of area 1 by 3 to 5 orders of magnitude, but neither strain FRC-W- nor FRC-D1-like sequences were quantifiable in any of the 33 area 3 groundwater or sediment samples tested. The Anaeromyxobacter community in area 3 increased from <105 cells/g sediment outside the ethanol biostimulation treatment zone to 108 cells/g sediment near the injection well, and 16S rRNA gene clone library analysis revealed that representatives of a novel phylogenetic cluster dominated the area 3 Anaeromyxobacter community inside the treatment loop. The combined applications of genus- and strain-level mqPCR approaches along with clone libraries provided novel information on patterns of microbial variability within a bacterial group relevant to uranium bioremediation.

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Fiola, Joseph A., Peter Probasco, and Stephen Garrison. "168 EFFECT OF PLANTING DATE AND ROW COVER UTILIZATION ON YIELD OF `CHANDLER' IN A HIGH-DENSITY ANNUAL SYSTEM." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 453a—453. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.453a.

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An RCB (4 replicates - 4 m plots) planting of `Chandler' was established to test the effects of planting date and floating row covers (FRC) in a high density strawberry planting system under NJ conditions. Transplant “plugs” from runner tips were planted on a double row (0.5 m × 0.3 m) on a raised plastic mulch bed (1.5 m centers), with trickle irrigation. Treatments included: plant 9/18/91 w/FRC on 10/7/92; plant 9/18/91 w/FRC on 12/2/92; plant 9/18/91 w/noFRC; plant 10/7/91 w/noFRC; plant 9/14/92 w/FRC on 10/7/92; plant 9/14/92 w/noFRC. In 1992, `Chandler' yield increased with earlier planting date and earlier FRC application (range: 8,600 to 13,400 kg/ha). There were no significant differences in cull or fruit weight. In 1993, there were no significant differences in 2nd year yield for 1991 treatments (range: 19,198 to 20,531 kg/ha). However, the 1992 treatments again showed the benefit of FRC (range: 13,437 to 20,531 kg/ha) for improved first year production. One year old plots had significantly larger average fruit weight than two year plots (range: 10.3 to 13.7 g). Early planting date with early applied FRC was the best treatment, combining high yield and good fruit weight.

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Camus, P., U. M. Joshi, V. G. Lockard, M. F. Petrini, D. L. Lentz, and H. M. Mehendale. "Effects of drug-induced pulmonary phospholipidosis on lung mechanics in rats." Journal of Applied Physiology 66, no. 5 (May 1, 1989): 2437–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.66.5.2437.

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Chronic administration of amphiphilic drugs to rats induces pulmonary phospholipidosis (P), a disease characterized by accumulation of phospholipids and large foamy macrophages in alveolar spaces. We investigated whether P induced by chlorphentermine (CPH) causes changes in lung volumes and mechanics in this species. Groups of rats were fed CPH (50 mg.kg-1.day-1) for 1, 2, 3, 5, 9, and 14 wk. After each treatment period, lung volumes and mechanics were studied in the anesthetized, paralyzed, supine rat. Partial pressure-volume (PV) curves were developed at 3 and 6 ml above functional residual capacity (FRC; PV3, PV6), followed by maximal [up to total lung capacity (TLC)] PV curves. FRC was determined by saline displacement. Lungs were then fixed for histopathological examination. A subgroup of animals was allowed a recovery period of 6 wk, after the 9 wk of CPH administration. Pair-fed rats served as controls (CTR) at each time point. Lung weight increased in CPH-treated (CPH-T) rats from 1.5 +/- 0.2 (SD) g at week 1 to 5.8 +/- 1.4 g at week 14, reflecting the development of P. TLC, FRC, transpulmonary pressure at FRC, the shape of maximal PV curves, and static expiratory lung compliance computed from maximal PV data points did not change in CPH-T rats. However, partial PV curves of CPH-T lungs (particularly PV3) were shifted downward and to the right of those of CTR at 2, 3, 5, and 9 wk, indicating increased recoil pressure in phospholipidotic lungs at these time points.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Grönkvist, Mikael, Eddie Bergsten, Ola Eiken, and Per M. Gustafsson. "Inter- and intraregional ventilation inhomogeneity in hypergravity and after pressurization of an anti-G suit." Journal of Applied Physiology 94, no. 4 (April 1, 2003): 1353–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00612.2002.

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This study assessed the effects of increased gravity in the head-to-foot direction (+Gz) and anti-G suit (AGS) pressurization on functional residual capacity (FRC), the volume of trapped gas (VTG), and ventilation distribution by using inert- gas washout. Normalized phase III slope ( SnIII) analysis was used to determine the effects on inter- and intraregional ventilation inhomogeneity. Twelve men performed multiple-breath washouts of SF6 and He in a human centrifuge at +1 to +3 Gzwearing an AGS pressurized to 0, 6, or 12 kPa. Hypergravity produced moderately increased FRC, VTG, and overall and inter- and intraregional inhomogeneities. In normogravity, AGS pressurization resulted in reduced FRC and increased VTG, overall, and inter- and intraregional inhomogeneities. Inflation of the AGS to 12 kPa at +3 Gz reduced FRC markedly and caused marked gas trapping and intraregional inhomogeneity, whereas interregional inhomogeneity decreased. In conclusion, increased +Gzimpairs ventilation distribution not only between widely separated lung regions, but also within small lung units. Pressurizing an AGS in hypergravity causes extensive gas trapping accompanied by reduced interregional inhomogeneity and, apparently, results in greater intraregional inhomogeneity.

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Rodarte, Joseph R., Gassan Noredin, Charles Miller, Vito Brusasco, and Riccardo Pellegrino. "Lung elastic recoil during breathing at increased lung volume." Journal of Applied Physiology 87, no. 4 (October 1, 1999): 1491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.87.4.1491.

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During dynamic hyperinflation with induced bronchoconstriction, there is a reduction in lung elastic recoil at constant lung volume (R. Pellegrino, O. Wilson, G. Jenouri, and J. R. Rodarte. J. Appl. Physiol. 81: 964–975, 1996). In the present study, lung elastic recoil at control end inspiration was measured in normal subjects in a volume displacement plethysmograph before and after voluntary increases in mean lung volume, which were achieved by one tidal volume increase in functional residual capacity (FRC) with constant tidal volume and by doubling tidal volume with constant FRC. Lung elastic recoil at control end inspiration was significantly decreased by ∼10% within four breaths of increasing FRC. When tidal volume was doubled, the decrease in computed lung recoil at control end inspiration was not significant. Because voluntary increases of lung volume should not produce airway closure, we conclude that stress relaxation was responsible for the decrease in lung recoil.

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Pfeiffer, Beate, Alexandra Cotterill, Dominik Grathwohl, Trent Stellingwerff, and Asker E. Jeukendrup. "The Effect of Carbohydrate Gels on Gastrointestinal Tolerance during a 16-km Run." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 19, no. 5 (October 2009): 485–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.19.5.485.

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Two studies were conducted to investigate gastrointestinal (GI) tolerance of high carbohydrate (CHO) intakes during intense running. The first study investigated tolerance of a CHO gel delivering glucose plus fructose (GLU+FRC) at different rates. The second study investigated tolerance of high intakes of glucose (GLU) vs. GLU+FRC gel. Both studies used a randomized, 2-treatment, 2-period crossover design: Endurance-trained men and women (Study 1: 26 men, 8 women; 37 ± 11 yr; 73 ± 9 kg; 1.76 ± 0.07 m. Study 2: 34 men, 14 women; 35 ± 10 yr; 70 ± 9 kg; 1.75 ± 0.09 m) completed two 16-km outdoor-runs. In Study 1 gels were administered to provide 1.0 or 1.4 g CHO/min with ad libitum water intake every 3.2 km. In Study 2 GLU or GLU+FRC gels were given in a double-blind manner to provide 1.4 g CHO/min. In both studies a postexercise questionnaire assessed 17 symptoms on a 10-point scale (from 0 to 9). For all treatments, GI complaints were mainly scored at the low end of the scale. In Study 1 mean scores ranged from 0.00 ± 0.00 to 1.12 ± 1.90, and in Study 2, from 0.00 ± 0.0 to 1.27 ± 1.78. GI symptoms were grouped into upper abdominal, lower abdominal, and systemic problems. There were no significant treatment differences in these categories in either study. In conclusion, despite high CHOgel intake, and regardless of the blend (GLU vs. GLU+FRC), average scores for GI symptoms were at the low end of the scale, indicating predominantly good tolerance during a 16-km run. Nevertheless, some runners (~10–20%) experienced serious problems, and individualized feeding strategies might be required.

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Holmes, Bev J., Alex MacKenzie, Bruce McManus, and Aubie Angel Angel. "The Covid-19 Pandemic Has Exposed Opportunities To Strengthen Our Health Research Systems." Clinical and Investigative Medicine 44, no. 1 (March 21, 2021): E5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v44i1.36029.

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Professor Sir Mark Walport, FRS, FMed Sci, FRCP, physicianscientist, academic leader and visionary health research planner, was the recipient of the 2020 Henry G. Friesen International Prize in Health Research. He is a former Chief Executive, UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) and UK government’s Chief Scientific Advisor. He continues to be a champion of fundamental science in health research, engineering, technology and innovation, and is a major spokesperson on COVID-19 pandemic trends at the global level.

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Shah, S. Z. H., Puteri S. M. Megat Yusoff, Saravanan Karuppanan, and Zubair Sajid. "Elastic Constants Prediction of 3D Fiber-Reinforced Composites Using Multiscale Homogenization." Processes 8, no. 6 (June 22, 2020): 722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8060722.

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This paper presents a multi-scale-homogenization based on a two-step methodology (micro-meso and meso-macro homogenization) to predict the elastic constants of 3D fiber-reinforced composites (FRC). At each level, the elastic constants were predicted through both analytical and numerical methods to ascertain the accuracy of predicted elastic constants. The predicted elastic constants were compared with experimental data. Both methods predicted the in-plane elastic constants “ E x ” and “ E y ” with good accuracy; however, the analytical method under predicts the shear modulus “ G x y ”. The elastic constants predicted through a multiscale homogenization approach can be used to predict the behavior of 3D-FRC under different loading conditions at the macro-level.

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Prakash, Om, Thomas M. Gihring, Dava D. Dalton, Kuk-Jeong Chin, Stefan J. Green, Denise M. Akob, Greg Wanger, and Joel E. Kostka. "Geobacter daltonii sp. nov., an Fe(III)- and uranium(VI)-reducing bacterium isolated from a shallow subsurface exposed to mixed heavy metal and hydrocarbon contamination." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 60, no. 3 (March 1, 2010): 546–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.010843-0.

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An Fe(III)- and uranium(VI)-reducing bacterium, designated strain FRC-32T, was isolated from a contaminated subsurface of the USA Department of Energy Oak Ridge Field Research Center (ORFRC) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, where the sediments are exposed to mixed waste contamination of radionuclides and hydrocarbons. Analyses of both 16S rRNA gene and the Geobacteraceae-specific citrate synthase (gltA) mRNA gene sequences retrieved from ORFRC sediments indicated that this strain was abundant and active in ORFRC subsurface sediments undergoing uranium(VI) bioremediation. The organism belonged to the subsurface clade of the genus Geobacter and shared 92–98 % 16S rRNA gene and 75–81 % rpoB gene sequence similarities with other recognized species of the genus. In comparison to its closest relative, Geobacter uraniireducens Rf4T, according to 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain FRC-32T showed a DNA–DNA relatedness value of 21 %. Cells of strain FRC-32T were Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, curved rods, 1.0–1.5 μm long and 0.3–0.5 μm in diameter; the cells formed pink colonies in a semisolid cultivation medium, a characteristic feature of the genus Geobacter. The isolate was an obligate anaerobe, had temperature and pH optima for growth at 30 °C and pH 6.7–7.3, respectively, and could tolerate up to 0.7 % NaCl although growth was better in the absence of NaCl. Similar to other members of the Geobacter group, strain FRC-32T conserved energy for growth from the respiration of Fe(III)-oxyhydroxide coupled with the oxidation of acetate. Strain FRC-32T was metabolically versatile and, unlike its closest relative, G. uraniireducens, was capable of utilizing formate, butyrate and butanol as electron donors and soluble ferric iron (as ferric citrate) and elemental sulfur as electron acceptors. Growth on aromatic compounds including benzoate and toluene was predicted from preliminary genomic analyses and was confirmed through successive transfer with fumarate as the electron acceptor. Thus, based on genotypic, phylogenetic and phenotypic differences, strain FRC-32T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Geobacter, for which the name Geobacter daltonii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is FRC-32T (=DSM 22248T=JCM 15807T).

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Garmendia, Fausto, Gerardo Ronceros, Rosa Pando, and Martín Hernández. "Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en mujeres obesas menopáusicas y premenopáusicas de Lima Metropolitana." Revista Peruana de Ginecología y Obstetricia 65, no. 1 (January 24, 2019): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31403/rpgo.v65i2144.

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Objetivos. Establecer la frecuencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRCV) en mujeres obesas menopáusicas y premenopáusicas de 30 a 70 años de Lima Metropolitana. Métodos. Estudio analítico, observacional, transversal en 95 pacientes obesas de 30 a 75 años de edad, de Lima Metropolitana, cuyo grado de obesidad se catalogó de acuerdo a los criterios del Organización Mundial de la Salud; 48 fueron menopáusicas (MENO) y un grupo control de 47 premenopáusicas (PREMENO). Se determinó las medidas antropométricas, presión arterial (PA) y, en una muestra de sangre en ayunas, glucosa (G), colesterol total (CT), triglicéridos (Tg), colesterol HDL, insulina (I), y transaminasas; se calculó las fracciones VLDL, LDL, No-HDL (cNoHDL) e índice HOMA, los cálculos estadísticos mediante el programa SPSS v.23. Se consideró FRCV a la obesidad, dislipoproteinemia, hipertensión arterial (HTA), resistencia a la insulina (RI), transaminasas elevadas. Resultados. De las 95 mujeres, 45,3% tenía obesidad grado I, 28,4% grado II y 26,3% grado III. Las MENO tuvieron mayor edad, talla, PA, cNoHDL, I y HOMA que las PREMENO. Conclusiones. Las mujeres obesas menopáusicas tienen mayor riesgo cardiovascular que las mujeres premenopáusicas obesas.

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Evdokimova, Oksana, Vladimir Masalov, Tamara Ivanova, and Yoshaa Ibrahim. "Functional and technological properties and methods of introduction of grain raw materials in the manufacture of meat and vegetable products." BIO Web of Conferences 32 (2021): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213203008.

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Currently, it is possible to ensure the protein balance in food only when combining plant and animal proteins. The functional and technological properties and methods of introducing non-meat ingredients (meal and grain raw materials) in the production of meat and vegetable pates are investigated. The influence of the degree of grinding of cereals on the viscosity properties of flour that has undergone hydrothermal treatment is studied. А direct dependence of the maximum value of the loading force on the degree of grinding of cereals is established, with an increase in the degree of grinding of cereals, the strength characteristics increase. The water-retaining capacity (WRC) of flour proteins was studied, so deodorised non-fat soy flour has the least ability to bind water, with a hydromodule of 1:1.75, 6.1% of water is separated, with a hydromodule of 1:2.25, buckwheat groats did not bind only 6.6% of water. Flour from cereal oat flakes, separation of non-cohesive water (8.5%) with a hydromodule of 1:2.5, with an increase in the hydromodule to 1:3, there is a slight decrease in this indicator by 7.5%. The fat module has a weak effect on the FRC of the flour samples being studied. Flour from cereals has a lower FRC, with fat modules (1:0.5) FRC does not change significantly and is from 0.44 to 0.45 g of oil per 1 g of flour, and for deodorised non-fat soy flour it is 100%. The mathematical description of the process of absorption of water and fat by flour from cereals and soy flour showed a steady decrease in WRC and an increase in WRC with an increase in hydro-and fat modules.

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Lai-Fook, Stephen J., and Pamela K. Houtz. "Airway constriction measured from tantalum bronchograms in conscious mice in response to methacholine." Journal of Applied Physiology 105, no. 3 (September 2008): 933–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00133.2008.

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A single-projection X-ray technique showed an increase in functional residual capacity (FRC) in conscious mice in response to aerosolized methacholine (MCh) with little change in airway resistance (Raw) measured using barometric plethysmography (Lai-Fook SJ, Houtz PK, Lai Y-L. J Appl Physiol 104: 521–533, 2008). The increase in FRC presumably prevented airway constriction by offsetting airway contractility. We sought a more direct measure of airway constriction. Anesthetized Balb/c mice were intubated with a 22-G catheter, and tantalum dust was insufflated into the lungs to produce a well-defined bronchogram. After overnight recovery, the conscious mouse was placed in a sealed box, and bronchograms were taken at maximum and minimum points of the box pressure cycle before (control) and after 1-min exposures to 25, 50, and 100 mg/ml MCh aerosol. After overnight recovery, each mouse was studied under both room and body temperature box air conditions to correct for gas compression effects on the control tidal volume (Vt) and to determine Vt and Raw with MCh. Airway diameter ( D), FRC, and Vt were measured from the X-ray images. Compared with control, D decreased by 24%, frequency decreased by 35%, FRC increased by 120%, and Raw doubled, to reach limiting values with 100 mg/ml MCh. Vt was unchanged with MCh. The limiting D occurred near zero airway elastic recoil, where the maximal contractility was relatively small. The conscious mouse adapted to MCh by breathing at a higher lung volume and reduced frequency to reach a limit in constriction.

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Moldovan (Lazar), Madalina Anca, Adina Bianca Bosca, Calin Rares Roman, Cristina Prejmerean, Doina Prodan, Paul Bere, Cosmin Cosma, and Horatiu Rotaru. "Bone Reaction to a Newly Developed Fiber-reinforced Composite Material for Craniofacial Implants." Materiale Plastice 57, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.20.2.5359.

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Although autologous bone graft is the gold standard in bone reconstruction, the limited volume, the morbidity associated with the donor site, the dificult modelling of complex forms and the unpredictable rate of resorption fuel the researches towards the development of alloplastic materials as bone substitutes. A new fiber reinforced composite (FRC) was developed using 35% combination of monomers bisphenol A glycidylmethacrylate [bis-GMA], urethane dimethacrylate [UDMA], triethylene glycol dimethacrylate [TEGDMA], hydroxyethyl methacrylate [HEMA]) and 65% E-glass fibers (300 g/mp). Sixteen (n=16) male Wistar rats were used for the study. The experimental group (n=12) received intrafemoral implants of FRC. The control group (n=4) received intrafemoral titanium implants. After one month and three months respectively, tissues adjacent to implants were histologically evaluated. The intensity of the bone tissue inflammatory reaction, as well as the presence of the osteoblasts and the newly formed bone on the implant surface were the main criteria assessed. The FRC material determined a similar tissue reaction to Ti specimens, at one and three months follow-up. Both materials, inserted in the medullary canal, were surrounded by a fibrous connective tissue capsule, which, as time passed, underwent intramembranous ossification process. Fiber reinforced composite may be considered a promising alternative to titanium implants in critical size defects reconstruction.

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Chima, NWORGU Friday. "Effect of Basil Leaf (Ocimum gratissimum) Supplement on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Growing Pullets." Sustainable Agriculture Research 5, no. 3 (May 22, 2016): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v5n3p24.

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The performance and carcass characteristics of Growing Pullets (GP) fed basil leaf (Ocimum gratissimum) (OG) supplement was studied for 8 weeks using eighty-four 13 weeks old Nera Black GP. The birds were maintained on growers diet supplemented with 4 levels of basil leaves supplement(BLS) (0, 5, 10 and 15g/bird) for treatments A, B, C and D, respectively at 3 days interval throughout the period of experiment. Each treatment was replicated thrice with seven birds per replicate in a completely randomized block design. Treatment A served as control. The birds were fed the same growers diet. Feed and water were served ad-libitum. Data were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and comparisons made using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results of the experiment showed a significant (p<0.05) treatment effects in total feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FRC) and number of eggs laid, final live weight (FLW) and mean body weight gain (MBWG). Similar scenario was observed in dressed, breast, thigh, plucked weights and egg follicle formation. Birds in control had the highest total feed intake (TFI) (6671.55 g) and MBWG (523.84 g) compared to other treatments (B, C and D) whose values were 6644.27, 6640.29 and 6152.67 g for TFI and 483.34, 500.00 and 445.24 g for MBWG, respectively. The cost of feed consumed was best on birds fed 15gBLS (N353.04/bird) while the highest number of eggs laid was recorded in birds served 5 g(83) and 15gBLS (77) with reference to control (57). Birds served 5-15g BLS had increased liver weight (26.01, 25.01 and 27.42 g) compared to control (24.38 g), while those fed 15gBLS had reduced dressed weight (DW) (952.50 g). The best egg follicle formation was recorded on those served 5g BLS/bird. There was progressive reduction in MBWG, TFI and egg follicle with increasing weight of OG, unlike FRC and liver weight, which increased linearly. Therefore, the GP are recommended to be served 5-15gBLS/bird and later reduced to 5gBLS/bird at 3 days interval when the GP had come up to 15-20% in lay, in order to minimize further loss in weight and to improve egg follicle formation.

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Aghdasi, Parham, and Claudia P. Ostertag. "Tensile fracture characteristics of Green Ultra-High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (G-UHP-FRC) with longitudinal steel reinforcement." Cement and Concrete Composites 114 (November 2020): 103749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2020.103749.

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Rosenzweig, Erika Berman, Steven H. Abman, Dunbar Ivy, and Sheila G. Haworth. "• Identifying the Complex Spectrum of Childhood PAH• Selecting Candidates for Aggressive Treatment." Advances in Pulmonary Hypertension 5, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21693/1933-088x-5.2.36.

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This discussion was moderated by Erika Berman Rosenzweig, MD, Assistant Professor of Pediatrics (in Medicine), Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York. Panel members included Steven H. Abman, MD, Professor of Pediatrics and Director of the Pediatric Heart-Lung Center at The Children’s Hospital, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado; Dunbar Ivy, MD, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, The Children’s Hospital, Chief of Pediatric Cardiology, and Director of the Pulmonary Hypertension Program, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado; and Sheila G. Haworth, MD, FRCP, Professor of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Child Health, University College, London, UK, and Lead Clinician at the United Kingdom Pulmonary Hypertension Service for Children.

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Trapnell, J. E. "Preparation and Revision for the FRCS. W. E. G. Thomas. 235 × 155 mm. Pp. 184+ix. Illustrated. 1986. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. £12.50." British Journal of Surgery 74, no. 2 (February 1987): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800740231.

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Sari, Widya Puspita, Dedi Sumantri, and Dian Noviyanti Agus Imam. "PEMERIKSAAN KOMPOSISI GLASS FIBER KOMERSIAL DENGAN TEKNIK X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETER (XRF)." B-Dent, Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Baiturrahmah 1, no. 2 (November 10, 2018): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33854/jbdjbd.30.

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Glass fiber lebih sering digunakan daripada polyethylene fiber sebagai komponen FRC dalam dunia kedokteran gigi. Glass fiber dental di Indonesia tersedia dalam jumlah terbatas dan memiliki harga yang relatif mahal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memeriksa komposisi dari E-glass fiber dental dan glass fiber non dental menggunakan teknik XRF sehingga dapat ditentukan tipe dari masing-masing glass fiber non dental. Sampel terdiri dari 10 g E-glass fiber dental, 10 g fiberglass mats, 10 g fiberglass roving dan 10 g woven roving. Masing-masing sampel dihaluskan, selanjutnya dianalisa dengan dengan menggunakan X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF). Hasil analisa XRF sampel menunjukkan kandungan oksida terbesar pada E-glass fiber dental adalah SiO2 (45,47%), CaO (38,49%) dan Al2O3 (12,11%). Kandungan oksida terbesar pada fiberglass mats adalah SiO2 (56,88%), CaO (16,24%) dan Na2O (12,91%) demikian pula dengan woven roving yaitu SiO2 (55,86%), CaO (18,71%) dan Na2O (11,80%). Sedangkan fiberglass roving menunjukkan kandungan oksida terbesar antara lain SiO2 (52,56%), ZrO2 (14,64%) dan CaO (10,03%). Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa komposisi kandungan oksida pada sampel memiliki kemiripan dengan persentase yang berbeda. Berdasarkan pada analisis XRF disimpulkan bahwa glass fiber non dental jenis fiberglass mats dan woven roving mengarah ke tipe C-glass dan fiberglass roving mengarah ke tipe AR-glass.

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Gilles, Herbert. "Emeritus Professor Brian G. Maegraith, CMG, MA, MB, BS, DPhil, DSc, FRCP President of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 1969–1971." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 83, no. 4 (July 1989): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(89)90307-6.

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Selvaraj, Ashok, Subazini Thankaswamy Kosalai, Rajadurai Chinnasamy Perumal, Subhashini Pitchai, and Gopal Ramesh Kumar. "A Whole Genome Pairwise Comparative and Functional Analysis of Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA." ISRN Computational Biology 2013 (July 24, 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/850179.

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Geobacter species are involved in electricity production, bioremediations, and various environmental friendly activities. Whole genome comparative analyses of Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA, Geobacter bemidjiensis Bem, Geobacter sp. FRC-32, Geobacter lovleyi SZ, Geobacter sp. M21, Geobacter metallireducens GS-15, Geobacter uraniireducens Rf4 have been made to find out similarities and dissimilarities among them. For whole genome comparison of Geobacter species, an in-house tool, Geobacter Comparative Genomics Tool (GCGT) has been developed using BLASTALL program, and these whole genome analyses yielded conserved genes and they are used for functional prediction. The conserved genes identified are about 2184 genes, and these genes are classified into 14 groups based on the pathway information. Functions for 74 hypothetical proteins have been predicted based on the conserved genes. The predicted functions include pilus type proteins, flagellar proteins, ABC transporters, and other proteins which are involved in electron transfer. A phylogenetic tree from 16S rRNA of seven Geobacter species showed that G. sulfurreducens PCA is closely related to G. metallireducens GS-15 and G. lovleyi SZ. For evolutionary study, acetate kinase protein is used, which showed closeness to Pelobacter propionicus, Pelobacter carbinolicus, and Deferribacteraceae family bacterial species. These results will be useful to enhance electricity production by using biotechnological approaches.

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Vavřiník, Tomáš, and Jan Zatloukal. "Experimental Investigation of Projectile Impact Local Damage on Cementitious Composite Slabs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 486 (December 2013): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.486.301.

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This paper describes the projectile impact resistance of cement based composite slabs. The resistance is evaluated on the basis of the presented experimental program. In the experiment, local damage was inflicted by impact of defined projectiles on specimens made from normal strength concrete (NSC), steel fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC), ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) and ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) with different fiber content. Deformable ogive-nose projectiles with diameter of 7.92 mm and mass of 8.04 g with impact velocity about 700 m/s were in the experiment hitting center of the specimens. Data from the measured and visual evaluation of specimen damage were used for comparison of specimen projectile impact resistance in relation to the used material.

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Tretter, Justin T., and Jeffrey P. Jacobs. "Global Leadership in Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Care: “Coding our way to improved care: an interview with Rodney C. G. Franklin, MBBS, MD, FRCP, FRCPCH”." Cardiology in the Young 31, no. 1 (January 2021): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104795112000476x.

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AbstractDr Rodney Franklin is the focus of our third in a planned series of interviews in Cardiology in the Young entitled, “Global Leadership in Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Care.” Dr Franklin was born in London, England, spending the early part of his childhood in the United States of America before coming back to England. He then attended University College London Medical School and University College Hospital in London, England, graduating in 1979. Dr Franklin would then go on to complete his general and neonatal paediatrics training in 1983 at Northwick Park Hospital and University College Hospital in London, England, followed by completing his paediatric cardiology training in 1989 at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children in London, England. During this training, he additionally would hold the position of British Heart Foundation Junior Research Fellow from 1987 to 1989. Dr Franklin would then complete his training in 1990 as a Senior Registrar and subsequent Consultant in Paediatric and Fetal Cardiology at Wilhelmina Sick Children’s Hospital in Utrecht, the Netherlands. He subsequently obtained his research doctorate at University of London in 1997, consisting of a retrospective audit of 428 infants with functionally univentricular hearts.Dr Franklin has spent his entire career as a Consultant Paediatric Cardiologist at the Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, being appointed in 1991. He additionally holds honorary Consultant Paediatric Cardiology positions at Hillingdon Hospital, Northwick Park Hospital, and Lister Hospital in the United Kingdom, and Honorary Senior Lecturer at Imperial College, London. He has been the Clinical Lead of the National Congenital Heart Disease Audit (2013–2020), which promotes data collection within specialist paediatric centres. Dr Franklin has been a leading figure in the efforts towards creating international, pan European, and national coding systems within the multidisciplinary field of congenital cardiac care. These initiatives include but are not limited to the development and maintenance of The International Paediatric & Congenital Cardiac Code and the related International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision for CHD and related acquired terms and definitions. This article presents our interview with Dr Franklin, an interview that covers his experience in developing these important coding systems and consensus nomenclature to both improve communication and the outcomes of patients. We additionally discuss his experience in the development and implementation of strategies to assess the quality of paediatric and congenital cardiac care and publicly report outcomes.

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De Troyer, André, and Alexandre Legrand. "Mechanical advantage of the canine triangularis sterni." Journal of Applied Physiology 84, no. 2 (February 1, 1998): 562–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1998.84.2.562.

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De Troyer, André, and Alexandre Legrand.Mechanical advantage of the canine triangularis sterni. J. Appl. Physiol. 84(2): 562–568, 1998.—Recent studies on the canine parasternal intercostal, sternomastoid, and scalene muscles have shown that the maximal changes in airway opening pressure (ΔPao) obtained per unit muscle mass (ΔPao/ m) during isolated contraction are closely related to the fractional changes in muscle length per unit volume increase of the relaxed chest wall. In the present study, we have examined the validity of this relationship for the triangularis sterni, an important expiratory muscle of the rib cage in dogs. Passive inflation above functional residual capacity (FRC) induced a virtually linear increase in muscle length, such that, with a 1.0-liter inflation, the muscle lengthened by 17.9 ± 1.6 (SE) % of its FRC length. When the muscle in one interspace was maximally stimulated at FRC, Pao increased by 0.84 ± 0.11 cmH2O. However, in agreement with the length-tension characteristics of the muscle, when lung volume was increased by 1.0 liter before stimulation, the rise in Pao amounted to 1.75 ± 0.12 cmH2O. At the higher volume, ΔPao/ m therefore averaged + 0.53 ± 0.05 cmH2O/g, such that the coefficient of proportionality between the change in triangularis sterni length during passive inflation and ΔPao/ mwas the same as that previously obtained for the parasternal intercostal and neck inspiratory muscles. These observations, therefore, confirm that there is a unique relationship between the fractional changes in length of the respiratory muscles, both inspiratory and expiratory, during passive inflation and their ΔPao/ m. Consequently, the maximal effect of a particular muscle on the lung can be predicted on the basis of its change in length during passive inflation and its mass. A geometric analysis of the rib cage also established that the lengthening of the canine triangularis sterni during passive inflation is much greater than the shortening of the parasternal intercostals because, in dogs, the costal cartilages slope downward from the sternum.

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Hofmann, S., K. Stadler, A. Heilmann, H. Häusler, G. Fitze, G. Kamin, K. Nitzsche, G. Hahn, and J. Dinger. "Stabilisation of Cardiopulmonary Function in Newborns with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Using Lung Function Parameters and Hemodynamic Management." Klinische Pädiatrie 224, no. 04 (July 2012): e1-e10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1299731.

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AbstractEvaluation of lung function parameters and additional use of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) for the stabilisation of cardiopulmonary function in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and pulmonary hypertension (PHT). Observational study.Between 2007 and 2009 8 patients with CDH have been treated in our pediatric intensive care unit (gestational age 34 + 0 – 40 + 4 weeks, birth weight 2 160–3 840 g). All patients required respiratory support. Gentle mechanical ventilation adapted to the degree of pulmonary hypoplasia based on serially measurements of lung function parameters to find appropriate ventilator settings has been performed.Functional residual capacity (FRC) and compliance of the respiratory system in all patients were markedly reduced. A FRC between 9.3–10.6 ml/kg and compliance between 1.1–1.8 ml/kPa/kg indicated pronounced hypoplasia of the lungs. Doppler flow patterns through the arterial duct were classified into left-to-right, right-to-left and bidirectional shunting and correlated to the degree of PHT. The additional use of PGE1 to reopen the arterial duct and to stabilize right ventricular function led to an amelioration of severe PHT and preoperative stabilisation in 2 newborns with pronounced pulmonary hypoplasia. All patients underwent successful surgery, and did not show any complications after 2 years follow-up.Measurements of lung function parameters and adaptation of mechanical ventilation to the degree of pulmonary hypoplasia and additional therapy with PGE1 may help to improve the outcome in CDH patients.

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Gaintantzopoulou, Maria D., Eleftherios T. Farmakis, and George C. Eliades. "Effect of Load Cycling on the Fracture Strength/Mode of Teeth Restored with FRC Posts or a FRC Liner and a Resin Composite." BioMed Research International 2018 (August 14, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9054301.

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The aim of the study was to comparatively evaluate the fracture strength and mode of root canal treated teeth restored with resin composites with and without posts. The lingual cusps of root canal treated first upper premolars (n = 10/group) were removed down to cervical enamel and restored with the following: group A: glass-fiber post (Glassix) followed by a particulate-filled composite resin (PFC, G-aenial posterior, 3 × 2 mm layers); group B: glass-fiber reinforced composite bulk fill liner (EverX posterior, 4 mm layer) with the PFC (2 mm layer). Specimens were immersed in H2O (1 w/37°C), then subjected to load cycling (50 N/0.2 Hz/200k cycles), and fractured under compressive loading. Failure mode was characterized by stereomicroscopy. Statistical analysis was performed by Mann-Whitney (load) and Chi-square (mode) at a = 0.05. No statistically significant differences (p = 0.273) were found in fracture load between median values of groups A (860 N) and B (1059 N). In group A, 60% of the specimens demonstrated catastrophic root fractures and 40% mixed crown fractures (tooth cusp and restoration), whereas in group B, no root fractures were found, and the failure modes were equally distributed between mixed fractures as above and fracture of the buccal cusp. These differences were statistically significant (p = 0.004). The combination of the glass-FRC bulk fill liner with the PFC diminished the catastrophic root fractures induced by FRC posts, at a similar or higher fracture load.

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Cohen, A. T. "MCQs for the Final FRCA. K. Elfituri and G. Arthurs (editors). Published by Greenwich Medical Media, London. Pp. 299; indexed. Price £19.50. ISBN 1-841-10212-1." British Journal of Anaesthesia 94, no. 4 (April 2005): 550–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aei531.

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Cheslyn-Curtis, S. "FRCS MCQ revision book in applied basic science. M. Forsling, A. Dickinson and G. Turner. 214 × 134 mm. Pp. 166. Not illustrated. 1994. Knutsford, Cheshire: PasTest. £13.25." British Journal of Surgery 82, no. 7 (July 1995): 1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800820765.

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Ren, Zhihua, Pei Gao, Samuel Kumi Okyere, Yujing Cui, Juan Wen, Bo Jing, Junliang Deng, and Yanchun Hu. "Ageratina adenophora Inhibits Spleen Immune Function in Rats via the Loss of the FRC Network and Th1–Th2 Cell Ratio Elevation." Toxins 13, no. 5 (April 26, 2021): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13050309.

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The objective of this study was to determine the impact of Ageratina adenophora (A. adenophora) on splenic immune function in a rat model. Rats were fed with 10 g/100 g normal feed and an experimental feed, which was composed of 3:7 A. adenophora powder and normal feed for 60 days. On days 14, 28, and 60, subsets of rats (n = 8 rats/group/time point) were selected for blood and spleen tissue sample collection. The results showed that the proportion of CD3+ T cells in the spleen was decreased at day 60 (vs. control). Also, mRNA and protein expression of chemokines CCL21 and CCL19 and functional protein gp38 in spleen decreased significantly versus the control at day 60. In addition, ER-TR7 antigen protein expression was also decreased at day 60. Levels of T-helper (Th)1 cells significantly increased, whereas those of Th2 cells decreased significantly versus the control at day 60 in spleen. The finding revealed that A. adenophora could affect splenic immune function in rats by altering the fibroblast reticulocyte (FRC) network, as well as by causing an imbalance in Th1/Th2 cell ratios. This research provides new insights into potential mechanisms of spleen immunotoxicity due to exposures to A. Adenophora.

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Garmendia, Fausto, Rosa Pando, and Martín Hernández. "Frecuencia y características de obesos con y sin riesgo cardiometabólico." Anales de la Facultad de Medicina 79, no. 1 (June 7, 2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/anales.v79i1.14586.

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Objetivo. Determinar la frecuencia y características de una población de pacientes obesos con y sin riesgo cardiometabólico (RCM) y revisar el concepto de obeso cardiometabólico normal (OCMN). Materiales y Métodos. Estudio analítico, transversal, de 105 pacientes obesos, de 30 a 75 años, de ambos géneros. Recolectados de un programa preventivo promocional de mayo de 2015 a abril del año 2016. Previo consentimiento informado, se registró la edad, género, medidas antropométricas, presión arterial (PA), antecedentes personales y familiares de factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRCV). En ayunas, se determinó en sangre glucosa (G), colesterol total (CT), colesterol HDL, triglicéridos (Tg), creatinina, proteínas plasmáticas, bilirrubinas, transaminasas (AST,ALT), fosfatasa alcalina (FA) y gamaglutamiltranspeptidasa (GGTP), por métodos convencionales; las fracciones VLDL, LDL y NoHDL fueron calculados. Se empleó el programa SPSS.23 para el análisis estadístico Resultados. El 77,4% fueron mujeres, edad promedio 51±0,86 años. El 45,7% tuvo obesidad grado I, 24,7% grado II y 29,5% grado III. Las mujeres tuvieron menor talla, peso y circunferencia abdominal (CA) y cifras más altas de HDL que los varones, no hubo diferencias en otros parámetros. El 89,2 % de mujeres y 87% de varones tuvieron dislipoproteinemia; hipertensión arterial (HTA): mujeres 20,7% y varones 21,4%; tabaquismo: mujeres 5,5% y varones 42,3%; hiperglicemia: mujeres 14,2% y varones 14,2%; macrosomía/bajo peso al nacer: mujeres 6,9%, varones 0; enzimas hepáticas elevadas: mujeres 29,8%, varones 32,1%. El 9,5% fueron OCMN por tener PA, G, cHDL, Tg, cLDL cNoHDL normales. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los pacientes obesos tuvieron RCM, solo 10 (9,5%) fueron OCMN.

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Kovtunova, N. A., V. V. Kovtunov, A. E. Romanyukin, E. A. Shishova, and G. M. Ermolina. "CONJUGACY OF SORGHUM GREEN MASS PRODUCTIVITY WITH ORIGIN AND QUANTITATIVE TRAITS." Grain Economy of Russia, no. 4 (September 5, 2019): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2019-64-4-36-41.

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Development of a new variety with the highest level of productivity is one of the important purposes of all farmers. It is known that varieties developed in definite soil and climatic conditions are most adapted specifically to these conditions. The change of the cultivation zone has a different effect on the intensity of individual traits, including productivity, which justifies their ecological study. Thus, productivity reflects all the biological characteristics of the samples and its relation to growing conditions. Therefore, the study of this trait in collection samples is an important stage in the development of new highly productive sorghum varieties and hybrids. The study was carried out at the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” (Zernograd, Rostov Region) in 2016–2018. The object of the study was a collection nursery, which includes the varieties and lines developed at the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”, and other scientific institutions, as well as the samples sent by the FRC ARIGRR named after N. I. Vavilov. The total number is 335 samples. The sweet sorghum collection has been represented by the samples of various ecological and geographical origin. However, 48.1% (161 samples) have been represented by the samples from Russia. Green mass productivity of the collection samples varied from 980 to 5968 g/m2 . At the same time, 24.5% (82 pcs.) of the collection samples had yields within the standard 3200-5200 g/m2 . The collection samples ‘BB-442’, ‘K-533’, ‘K-668/1’, ‘K-1073’, ‘K-1437/2’, ‘K-1202/1’, ‘K-1802’, ‘K-1654/1’ (2.4% of all) significantly exceeded the standard (4200 g/m2 ). The samples from Palestine, Bulgaria and Brazil possessed the highest values of green mass productivity in the middle group (median). The samples from the Russian Federation had a group average of 2000 g/m2 , with a range of variation from 600 to 4300 g/m2 . Length of a growing season (r = 0.46 ± 0.00004), leaf length (r = 0.48 ± 0.00001), leaf width (r = 0.62 ± 0.0002), and a number of leaves (r = 0.42 ± 0.00001) have shown the largest effect on green mass productivity.

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Bell, G. "FRCS MCQ practice exams in applied basic science M. Forsling, A. Dickinson, T. Briggs and G. Turner. 251 × 135 mm. Pp. 213. Not illustrated. 1994. Knutsford, Cheshire: Pas Test. £13.25." BJS 81, no. 12 (December 1994): 1832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800811244.

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Krupin, E. O., Sh K. Shakirov, and N. A. Kazeeva. "TRENDS OF CHANGE IN ENERGY AND PROTEIN VALUE OF CORN SILAGE IN THE RE-PUBLIC OF TATARSTAN." Scientific Notes Kazan Bauman State Academy of Veterinary Medicine 246, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31588/2413-4201-1883-246-2-107-111.

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The purpose of the work was to assess the dynamics of energy and protein nutritional value of corn silage harvested from vegetable raw materials on the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan. The results of a retrospective analysis of the dynamics of metabolic energy, net energy of lactation, digestible protein in dry matter of 560 samples of corn silage taken in various agro-climatic zones of the Republic of Tatarstan in the period from 1993 to 2018 are presented. The research was car-ried out in the department of agrobiological research of the Tatar Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences. It was found that the con-tent of metabolic energy and net energy of lactation did not change during the study period. The long-term average value was 9.87 MJ / kg and 1.44 MJ / kg, respectively. Revealed the dynamics of increasing the content of digestible protein. The long-term average value of this indicator was 61.19 g / kg, which is 32.21 % higher than the norm.

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Bozhko, Nataliia, Vasyl Pasichnyi, Vasyl Tischenko, Andriy Marynin, Yevgenia Shubina, and Igor Strashynskyi. "Development of meat-containing breads with hemp seed flour and turkey meat of mechanical crumbing." EUREKA: Life Sciences, no. 4 (July 30, 2021): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2021.001977.

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The work is devoted to the development of meat-containing breads with a combination of turkey MCPM (mechanically crumbed poultry meat) and hemp flour with further study of functional-technological and sensory characteristics and the study of nutritional and energy value of finished products. The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of the use of hemp seed flour in the technology of baked meat products. It was proved, that the combination of turkey MCPM and hemp flour in meat-containing breads allows to produce products with high nutritional characteristics. It was found, that the introduction of turkey in the recipe of MCPM in combination with hemp seed flour allows to obtain bread with a mass fraction of protein 18.03–19.53 g/100 g of the product. The protein concentration in the experimental samples exceeded the analogue by 3.21–11.79 %. The fraction of fat in meat-containing breads increased by an average of 37 % due to the inclusion of turkey in the recipe of MCPM. The inclusion of turkey MCPM in the recipe up to 47 % increases the concentration of macro- and micronutrients in bread to 2.06 ± 0.05 g / 100 g. The inclusion of hemp flour in the recipe of baked products with a high content of turkey MCPM improves the functional, technological and organoleptic properties of the products. The increase in protein content by 3.21–11.80 %, fat – by 47.84–56.83 %, energy value – by 26.52–30.23 % was determined. The high efficiency of combining turkey MCPM with hemp seed flour was confirmed in the study of functional and technological properties (FTP) of model minced meat. The ratio of MCMP: hemp seed flour 41: 8, 44:10, 47:12 improves WBC (water-binding capacity) by 13.46–22.15 %, WRC (water-retaining capacity) - by 10.34–21.43 %, FRC (fat-retaining capacity) – by 17.2–26.9 %. It was established, that the best indicators of FTP of minced meat and finished products were obtained by including 44 % of turkey MCPM and 10 % of hemp flour in the recipe of meat-containing bread. The results of the organoleptic analysis of the developed breads confirmed their high consumer value

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TOH, S. "Color atlas of the newborn By R. D. G. Milner, MA, MD, PhD, ScD, FRCP, and S. M. Herber, MB, BCh, MRCP. Oradell, NJ: Medical Economics Books, 1984. 136 pages. $44.95, hardcover." Journal of Nurse-Midwifery 31, no. 5 (September 1986): 246–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-2182(86)90024-8.

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Baena, E., MV Fuentes, MA Garrido, J. Rodríguez, and L. Ceballos. "Influence of Post-cure Time on the Microhardness of Self-Adhesive Resin Cements Inside the Root Canal." Operative Dentistry 37, no. 5 (September 1, 2012): 548–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/11-079-l.

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SUMMARY Purpose To compare the microhardness of several dual-cure, self-adhesive resin cements used to lute fiber posts at 24 hours and seven days after cementation. Methods Bovine incisors were selected to lute 15 fiber posts that were 12 mm long (FRC Postec Plus size 3, Ivoclar-Vivadent). Five resin cements were tested: Multilink Automix (Ivoclar-Vivadent), without light-curing, and the self-adhesive resin cements Maxcem Elite (Kerr), RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE), G-Cem (GC), and Smartcem 2 (Dentsply), which were light-cured for 40 seconds (LED Bluephase, Ivoclar-Vivadent). Each root was embedded in chemically cured acrylic resin and stored at 37°C for 24 hours. The roots were transversally sectioned into nine specimens that were each 1 mm thick, with three specimens corresponding to each root third. Indentations (100g, 30 seconds) were performed on each section in the resin cement, at 24 hours and seven days after cementation, using a Vickers digital microdurometer (Buehler). Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance, Student-Newman-Keuls test, and paired t-test (p<0.05). Results A significant influence was found (p<0.05) for the resin cement evaluated, the root third, and their interactions on microhardness values at 24 hours and seven days after post cementation. RelyX Unicem and G-Cem exhibited the highest microhardness values, whereas Multilink Automix presented the lowest. All resin cements suffered a decrease in microhardness according to root canal depth, with the exception of G-Cem and Multilink Automix at 24 hours and Smartcem 2 after seven days. After seven days, the evaluated resin cements showed a significant increase in microhardness values, with the exception of Maxcem Elite and Smartcem 2 at the coronal third. Conclusions Microhardness of the self-adhesive resin cements when used to lute fiber posts was material-dependent and higher values were obtained in the coronal third, revealing their sensitivity to light irradiation. More information regarding the polymerization reaction of these cements is warranted. According to the current results, microhardness values were significantly higher one week after post luting.

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Klypa, Tatiana V., Mikhail V. Bychinin, Irina A. Mandel, Sergey A. Andreichenko, Andrey I. Minets, Nadezhda A. Kolyshkina, and Aleksandr V. Troitsky. "Clinical characteristics of patients admitted to an ICU with COVID-19. Predictors of the severe disease." Journal of Clinical Practice 11, no. 2 (August 2, 2020): 6–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/clinpract34182.

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Background. Providing an efficient care to the patients of the most severely affected category ICU patients has become one of the serious problems appearing in the COVID-19 pandemics. A typical patients clinical portrait in ICUs of COVID centers is very similar in different countries, however, the key to improve the treatment results for critically ill patients has not yet been found. Currently, 160 patients have been treated in the ICU of the FRCC of the FMBA of Russia. To May 16, 2020, the lethality in the ICU was 48.9% by the closed cases, the lethality among the patients on ventilation was 57.9%. The aim of the study is to identify predictors of the severe pneumonia caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and to describe the clinical characteristics of patients admitted to an intensive care unit of the COVID-center of the Federal Research Clinical Center of FMBA of Russia. Methods. In this report, we describe the clinical, laboratory and instrumental data of 70 patients admitted to the ICU, and discuss the found predictors of the severe COVID-19 pneumonia course. Results. The following factors have been determined which contribute to the development of the severe course of the disease and to the risk of the unfavorable outcome: male gender, age older than 70.5 years, initial lymphocytopenia of lower than 0.98109/l, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio of higher than 7.75, D-dimer level of higher than 0.85 g/ml, IL-6 of higher than 184.7 pg/ml, procalcitonin of higher than 0.22 ng/ml, hyperglycemia of higher than 9 mmol/l, signs of myocardial damage (high-sensitive troponin Т of higher than 22 pg/ml, echocardiography data), signs of the presence of a secondary bacterial infection and a severe vitamin D deficiency (lower than 9.9 ng/ml). The pathophysiological basics for the contribution of each factor to the severe course of the disease are provided. Conclusions. Clinical features of the patients change in course of pandemia. These influenced by changes in treatment approaches and new discoveries in disease pathophysiology. Above mentioned predictors of severe course of disease is partly modifiable and we are able to influence them and perhaps achieve better results in treatment of severe patients with COVID-19

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Abazov, Aniuar, Khaset Abidov, Sultan Basiev, and Khusein Nazranov. "Breeding of early ripening potato varieties under the conditions of the Kabardino-Balkarian foothill zone." E3S Web of Conferences 262 (2021): 01034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126201034.

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Evolution and thousands of years of artificial selection have contributed to the formation of the widest variety of cultivated potatoes. Thanks to this, more than 4 thousand varieties of potatoes have been created in the world today. All of them are known to differ not only in habit, but also in the level of yield, ripening period, resistance degree to numerous diseases and pests, plasticity to certain climatic and soil conditions. The results of research and evaluation of 4 thousand hybrids of the 1st tuber generation (single-tuberous plants) of joint breeding of the Institute of Agriculture ISKh KBNTs RAN and FSBSI (Federal state budgetary scientific institution) “Federal Research Center (FRC) of Potato name after A.G. Lorkh” that passed the full scheme of breeding tests, 9 promising cross-breed populations with economically useful traits were identified: consistently high yield and resistance to a complex of viral, bacterial and fungal diseases. The selected cross-breeds are distinguished by early and medium early ripening periods with a growing season of 55-70 days and a maximum yield of 38.6-66.2 ton/ha, depending on the prevailing weather conditions during the growing season of potato plants in 2019-2020. The genotypes obtained are involved in the implementation of the federal scientific and technical program for the development of potato growing for 2017-2030. The main goal of the program is to create new varieties of early ripeness group of potatoes. The co-executors of this program are a number of research institutes of the Russian Federation, including the Institute of Agriculture ISKh KBNTs RAN. [1] As a result of many years of investigation, the promising cross-breed 2652-15 that emerged from breeding of the Malinovka variety with the backcross 93.20-12 under the name Zamir was transferred in 2020 for the State test of the Russian Federation in the North Caucasian region. Medium early variety for table use and mashed potatoes processing. Potential yield is 49.5 ton/ha. Tubers of an attractive rounded oval shape with shallow eyes weighing 85.5-108.4 g with a yellow color of the tuber and creamy flesh. The tubers are resistant to mechanical damage during combine harvesting, storability is good. Medium resistant to late blight in tops and highly resistant to tubers. Relatively resistant to rhizoctonia and common scab, banded and wrinkled mosaic of leaves.

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Journal articles on the topic 'G-FRCM'

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