Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gabon – Et la médecine – Aspect psychologique'
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Mvone-Ndong, Simon-Pierre Ezéchiel. "Médecine traditionnelle entre rationalité et spiritualité : réflexion éthique et épistémologique sur l'approche africaine de la médecine : le cas du Gabon." Lyon 3, 2005. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2005_out_mvone_ndong_s.pdf.
Full textRerambyah, Florent. "Transfert de technologies et appropriation de l'outil informatique par des operateurs gabonais." Toulouse 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU20032.
Full textThis study situates itself within the framework of a trial introduction of computer to a gabon society. The carrying out of this operation termed as the transfer of technology, raises problems as the conception of this technology is incompatible with pre-computer modes of operation. This study sets out to take into account a process of appropriation of the computer tool. It is based on piaget's operational theory with reference to newell and simon, reuchlin, and vermersch. This research proposes that depending on the targets (formal or informal) which surround this tool, given perators will make use of it in different ways. On the one hand, the profile of the operators and the attitude which underlines their behaviour will influence the nature of the disturbances which confront them and the choice and cost of given strategies to resolve the latter. On the other hand, depending on the evolution of constraints linked to the work load, one notice a variation of strategy cost and a reorganisation of the working patterns. Simultaneously, there isa maintenance or non-maintenance of secondary targets with the goal of regulating the work load
Fernandez, Françoise. "Danse et psychosomatique." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070063.
Full textAmireault, Steve. "Modérateurs des relations intention-comportement et perception du contrôle-comportement et histoire familiale d'obésité : influences potentielles sur la pratique régulière de l'activité physique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24462/24462.pdf.
Full textOzenga, Nzoghe Nadia. "Culture et civilication, de l'implicite à l'explicite : le mal-être de l'existence chez le Gabonais actuel." Amiens, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AMIE0028.
Full textNdembi, Ndembi Aimée Patricia. "Contraception et désir d'enfant : approches psychologiques et culturelles de la sexualité des femmes gabonaises." Amiens, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AMIE0031.
Full textMabika, Landry-Fabrice. "Perception et vécu de la retraite au Gabon : cas des agents de l'administration publique." Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0007.
Full textMboni, Joseph. "Les transformations familiales : étude de l'évolution des structures, relations familiales et de l'éducation de l'enfant au Gabon." Toulouse 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU20075.
Full textThis thesis is an attempt to enlighten the fonctioning of actual gabonise family and to retrace if possible her evolution as a result of the perception of europeans and industrial arrival using two speeches delivered by adults and youths. Surely, like all developing countries societies, gabonise society develops and consecutive evolutions are noticed with arrival of modernisations that affect on the familiar way of life, organisation and children education. These modifications are received and analysed differently by adults and youths, the referency system not being the same to each. Gabonise family has two different ways of life; firsty, the father traditional chief of the family, secondly the most educated member of the family who enjoy high social level subsidize the unfavourable rest of the the family. Two considerations can be drawn; we observe a tendency named traditionalist that favour the familiar custom, the other called modernist that introduce new ways of life which reflected on children education. Finaly certain relase to keep practical foodstuffes and initiatves are seen. We can say that certain practice changes, there are two approaches of the family way of life; children are confused perplexly because they don't know which model is applicable. The child is therfore confronted with two ways; the traditionalists who requiere the tradition and on the other hand the modernists that struggle to be more and more present in the new society
Maganga-Bignoumba, Rose de Lima. "Bien-être psychologique et épuisement au travail : l'influence des domaines de vie, de la résilience et des inducteurs professionnels et psychosociaux chez les professionnels de l'aide au Gabon." Thesis, Amiens, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AMIE0043.
Full textGiving meaning to one’s life, is giving an orientation, a direction to finding balance between professional life, private life and psychological health. This research therefore focuses on the psychological health and personal balance of Social workers in Gabon. The study aims at showing the influence of life domains (work and non-work), professional inductors (demands and control), psychosocial (support social) and individual (commitment and resilience) have on psychological well-being and the burnout. The work is based on three theoretical approaches namely: the Job Demands-Control model (Karasek, 1979), the Conservation of Resources theory (Hobfoll, 1989) and the Job Demands-Resources model (Bakker, Demerouti, De Boer, & Schaufeli, 2003). The results of this thesis show different links. Psychological demands and the two forms of conflict significantly influence psychological health. To cope with these requirements, employees have to adapt to different roles, but that is if they get necessary resources. These resources are social support (professional, organizational and extraprofessional), control and resilience. Moreover, work engagement is a value that allows workers to be able to reconcile their domains of life and reduce the harmful effects of professional tiredness. The thesis shows the importance of considering the salaried employee as a whole in the assessment of his psychological health
Ntsame, Mboulou Chimene M. M. "Itinéraires thérapeutiques de la maladie au Gabon : cas des cancers." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070124.
Full textThis thesis deals with the therapeutic routes of disease in the Gabon concerning particularly the people affected by cancer. Its main objective is to analyze the route of the sick cancer patients in Gabon to understand their observed therapeutic wandering. Through this thesis, it will also be a question of analyzing, downstream, the weaknesses of the care of this disease in the structures of care approved in the Gabon. Medical cover, who is there to grants a weak importance for the human dimension. It will thus be necessary in this thesis to deal with, on one hand, a epistemic-clinical evaluation of the disease in particular the outstanding body, its psychic and somatic expressions, and on the other hand, an understanding of the plural progress of care or the therapeutic strategies of cancer, in its intercultural propping up. The private hospital is called questioned here by a subjective experience of break, compatible with the necessities and the historic contingencies of the subject which registrer, alter all, the therapeutic route in the social link. Yet the analysis of the subjects shows better, that these routes make link with the trauma engendered by the disease and its consequences. Indeed, patients are in search of sense, they want to understand and to give a meaning to the advent which they cross. As they could not find answers with the upholders of the modern medicine in Gabon, they turn to alternative therapies, (traditional medicine, therapeutic churches) which draw their efficiency from the consideration of the man in its entirety, from the faiths of the sick and from the symbolic value of the disease and the cure. The systematic appeal to traditional or religious therapies which often do not obey the hygienic rules of bases, are a real danger for the sick who return to hospital, for 70 % of cases, to the very advanced stages of the disease making any favourable forecast impossible. It would thus be important, for a better care, to take into account these various aspects which also participate in treatments. That is why, we propose an analysis of the personal experience of the cancerous patients in their therapeutic routes (sometimes brought into conflict) in an environment where up to here, by insisting on the trauma of the cancer as the starting point of these routes. It will be a question of even, more concretely, in a phenomenological and psychoanalytical perspective, the real-life experience of the cancer and the links (intra-psychic) were put in practice in the various therapeutic choices. This thesis brings elements of understanding of the therapeutic route of the cancer patients in Gabon. It recommends the recognition of human dimension in the offering of care and the necessity of recognizing the place of the psychology within such plan
Nguema, Minko Emmanuelle. "Au-delà de la rancune et du pardon : une anthropologie de l'idéologie politique au Gabon." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10086.
Full textAlmeida, Carapato Elodia Teresa de. "Valeur prédictive de l'examen psychologique chez le patient adulte lombalgique chronique." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100122.
Full textTounga, Jacques. "Le rôle du père dans le cadre de la dynamique parentale : son influence dans le développement socio-personnel de l'enfant gabonais : cas de l'enfant mbédé." Toulouse 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU20028.
Full textThis study presents the parental systems' evolution to Gabon, consequence of deep socials transformations. The father has became the first responsible for the child to the detriment of the maternal uncle, guarantor of the ancestral authority. Our purpose was to grasp the repartition and the specificity of father's, mother's and maternal uncle's roles beside the mbédé child. Under the parental authority, the child weaves a series of socio-affective relationships and starting from here it defines its autonomy, identifies, socializes and builds him self. The study was lead next to then families (each in turn consisting of a father, a mother, a maternal uncle and a boy) appertaining of a fortunate environment. The explicative variable: the parental dynamics is measured whit a semi-directive questionnaire and have five dimensions. Those are: the socio-affective relationships, the authority, the care, the education and the parental roles. The variable to explain, the socio-personal development of the child, evaluated with a questionnaire and a non filmed observation, have four dimensions: the socio-affective relationships, the authority, the parental roles and the identification. The results present a parental dynamics very obvious beside the child, with a father who implicate him self progressively, a mother still present and a maternal uncle who is less present beside the child
Biloghe-Ekouaghe, Céline. "Les rapports des parents d'élèves à l'école : le cas de l'école primaire gabonaise." Paris 8, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA083544.
Full textThis work deals with the relationship to school Parents of primary school in Gabon. On the psycho orientation, the study is done through the representations that parents of school. It shows firstly that the representations and the resulting relationships have changed over time, from the colonial era to today, with the image that parents have the role of schools in Gabonese society. Second, it indicates that, far from always conflicting, these reports depend on the experiences of parents of the importance they attach to the School and what it means to them. We distinguish three groups of behavior that reveal practices and parent-teacher communication in connection with their representations of the school. The first group is parents who are building their relationship to school from their personal history with the school. The second group refers to parents for whom school is an autonomous institution and sufficient. The third group consists of parents for whom school is an autonomous institution but insufficient. However, for reasons related to living conditions and availability, few parents are fully involved in the academic success of children. In educational terms, this involvement is manifested by the means of families. This study also relies on a literature review of Gabon's School, on a field survey by interviews with parents and teachers, supported by references in social psychology and interpreted using the recent work on relationships of parents to school in sociology and educational sciences
Giguère, Myriam. "Caractéristiques comportementales et attentionnelles des porteurs de l'allèle à 7 répétitions (7R) du récepteur dopaminergique D4 (DRD4) chez les enfants atteints d'un trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité (TDAH)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29773/29773.pdf.
Full textMbourou, Azizah Ginette. "Les caractéristiques de l'amorce de la marche et les effets d'une modification des information sensorielle sur la programmation et l'exécution du premier pas chez les aînés chuteurs, non chuteurs et chez les jeunes adultes." Thesis, Université Laval, 2001. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2001/19540/19540.pdf.
Full textGarnault, Diane. "Le ventre des femmes entre guerre et soin : les enjeux fantasmatiques de la gynécologie envisagés à partir de la transplantation d'utérus." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC018.
Full textUterus transplantation (UT) is a new trial of treatment proposed to infertile women. The author highlights - thanks to a multidisciplinary approach (history, anthropology, sociology, bio-political, feminist and gender studies) and clinical material - how this technique aliows to reconsider the meaning of both other gynecological cures and wartime sexual violences. It appears the womb condenses preconscious and conscious representations about femininity and motherhood which makes it symbolize the uncanniness of the female procreative body. The metapsychological concepts of "epistemophilical drive" and "destruction drive" help to establish a parallel between wartime sexual violences and subjective effects of gynecological biomedicine. Indeed, the uterus transplantation proposai combines many medical techniques - medically assisted procreation, pregnancy and labor monitoring, hysterectomy- that some women happen to experience as violent; a subjective violence nevertheless often denied by surgeons, gynecologists and obstetricians. The UT eventually appears as a presenting symptom of a fantasm of matricide underlying the gynecological medicine. Our hypothesis is this wish to destroy or bypass the mother figure is linked to a quid pro quo. Pregnancy representations lead to women becoming imaginarily the embodiment of the Other, meaning the limit to almighty fantaisies, when in fact the first partition is due to the loss of an inner part of oneself, creating an otherness intimately internal
Thériault, Linda. "Impact d'un programme d'entraînement périodisé sur la santé physique et psychologique des personnes atteintes de maladies mentales." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30869/30869.pdf.
Full textFaget, Marc. "Douleur et marathon : aspects psychologiques et physiologiques." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2M161.
Full textMauger, Didier. "Retentissement psychologique de la neurofribromatose de Von Recklinghausen, NF1 : "travail du débordement " et sens de la maladie." Caen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CAEN1334.
Full textGheloube, Florence. "Les processus cognitifs de la compréhension des enfants gabonais selon l'école fréquentée, la classe sociale et le sexe : étude longitudinale." Montpellier 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON30030.
Full textIn this work we suggest studying the understanding of Gabonese children (152 participants on the whole) by means of a set of theories to which we refer. We are more particularly interested in the study of the levels of representation (Surface structure, Base of text, Model of situation) of Kintsch and van Dijk (1988), in the study the capacity of semantic integration of Bransford and Franks (1971), in the study of the capacity of inhibition of Gernsbacher (1990), and in the study of the capacity to resist to the interference of Stroop (1935). The pursued purpose is triple. At first, through a longitudinal study, we wanted to know if there was a link between the frequented type of school and the processes and which contribute to the understanding. Our second objective was to know, with the other participants that those of the first series of experiments, if these processes were sensitive to the social class from which arise the pupils. Finally, in the third time, with the other participants that those of the previous experiments, we wanted to know that it was the level of representation of these pupils in French and in their mother tongue (fang). The obtained results allowed to put in evidence for the first series of experiments that for the first series of experiments, the processes under jacents in the understanding evolve with the age. For the second series of experiment, an effect connected to the social class for the access to the model of situation. And, finally an influence of French on the mother tongue (fang). Besides, the meditative data show an absence of effect connected to the types of frequented school and to the sex whatever is the studied process. It reveals as well an absence of effect connected to the social class for the capacity of semantic integration, the capacity of inhibition and the capacity to resist to the interference. In the term of our work we suggest some tracks of researches, and the sketch of an educational project allowing to every teacher to estimate the capacity of understanding of the pupils
Belgacem, Imen. "Choisir une spécialité médicale : Aspects socio-culturels et subjectifs : l'exemple de la gynécologie-obstétrique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR1PS04.
Full textPerreault, Kadija. "L'accord patient-physiothérapeute et son influence sur l'intensité de la douleur lombaire et les incapacités fonctionnelles à court terme." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22449/22449.pdf.
Full textThe objectives of this master’s project were to describe patient-physiotherapist agreement for low back pain intensity and functional limitations, to identify correlates of agreement and to assess the impact of agreement on short-term changes in low back pain. Seventy-eight patients and nine physiotherapists participated in this mixed-design study. Patients’ and physiotherapists’ perceptions of pain intensity and functional limitations were measured at baseline after the initial physiotherapy assessment. Patients’ perceptions were reassessed over the phone four weeks later. Overall, the results of this study indicate that there are important discrepancies between patients’ and physiotherapists’ perceptions. Higher ratings by the patients for pain and functional limitations were related to higher differences in perceptions between patients and physiotherapists. This report also reveals that patient-physiotherapist agreement has some impact on the short-term outcome of low back pain. Further research will allow to validate these findings and to verify the clinical implications of patient-physiotherapist agreement.
Romero, Chica Liliana Nelsy. "Effets de la double exposition à des contraintes psychosociales au travail et à des responsabilités familiales élevées sur l'obésité abdominale." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29739/29739.pdf.
Full textBourque, Monique. "Identification des déterminants de l'intention de marcher pour faire de l'exercice chez des autochtones âgés entre 30 et 50 ans." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24150/24150.pdf.
Full textBélanger-Gravel, Ariane. "Les déterminants de l'intention de pratiquer régulièrement des activités physiques chez les élèves de cinquième année du primaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23896/23896.pdf.
Full textGobeil, Simard Alexis. "Étude de l'implication des enképhalines et des récepteurs mu opioïdes dans la sensibilisation au sel au sein du système de récompense." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28927/28927.pdf.
Full textPottier, Rémy. "Enjeux cliniques et psychopathologiques de l'imagerie médicale : le regard à l'épreuve de la construction du corps contemporain." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070089.
Full textMedical imaging can be endured has a border-line experience by a patient who is often perplexed by mechanical organization and the crumbled picture of his body that he does not recognize. Images acquaint us, but foremost, it's the mediation trough which the body is met and read by the medical practitioner. From this perplexity, we are invited to act techno-scientifical marches. Sent is put on the question of look which stakes are many for the medical imaging. I specify what psychoanalysis can supply with its clinical experience, to produce the reading of what is happening in sciences and medicine at the time of technosciences. Technical organizations are the heart of modern medicine which creates its models without questioning its effects. Fantasmatic life is are outspread by this methodology. The point is to specify the medical imaging from what escapes from technosciences. Specular clamps it self in the imaging device and anxiety is implied in it, because of its specific intrusion which calls up resources of the modern virtuality. The point is also to question the application of medical imaging in the domain of mental health. Starting from works realized in neuroscientific community, and the epistemological implications resulting from what could have been called in, preliminary, from the clinic. It is suggested to formulate modern conditions of the look which are still widely not considered, by putting forward a relationship with imaging less restricted. The target is to create conditions of a gap where the subject can cornes out
Poupard, Guillaume. "Anesthésie psychique et addiction à l’alcool : contribution à l’étude psychodynamique et psychothérapique de l’addiction à l’alcool." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10091.
Full textPérès, Guillaume. "Leucémies aiguës : biologie, traitements et approche psychologique. Un dessin animé, outil pédagogique et ludique d'information adapté à l'enfant et sa famille." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2P018.
Full textIricibar, Angelina. "Approche et évolution des séquelles intellectuelles et psycho-affectives chez des jeunes traumatisés crâniens graves : conséquences sur la scolarisation." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR21007.
Full textThe very important progress realised in reanimation have really changed the prognosis for life. Now a days, we can see people who wake up after comas witch are longer and longer. More the coma is long, and more the consequences are serious, a prolongation of care is necessary. The institutions are overtake by the rapidity of these medical advances, so the few structures provided for the rehabilitation of the severe injured are unadapted. The research take place in an establishment witch has create, in september 1984, a specific unit to care brain damaged children. After a long period of hospitalization, it's often impossible for them to return to school immediately; they need enough time to adapt themselves to their traumatic situation. The thesis analyses the psycho-intellectual evolution of 15 severe head injured children between 11 and 18 years old, who's coma's period is one month or more. The method mainly clinical is completed by 4 tests (wais, benton, bender, rorschach). After a brain shock so serious, the research underlines the importance of psychic and family traumas. The result of this recent and unique experience in the region is a way to show the necessity of such structures witch allow the children to go perhaps to school again
Alcaraz-Darrou, Céline. "Stabilité et changement chez l'enfant avec autisme entre 5 et 8 ans : aspects cliniques, adaptatifs et linguistiques." Montpellier 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON30058.
Full textAutism is probably a neuro-developmental disorder manifested in the three first years of the child’s life and characterised by communication, socialization and interests distortions and also by its heterogeneous clinical manifestations. Developmental psychopathology permitted to give our work a conceptual framework : the aims are to identify different developmental trajectories and to determine the predictive factors of evolution of 208 children aged from 5 to 8 years. The first part permitted to locate stability and changes of adaptative, symptomatic, and linguistic characteristics, and to identify predictive factors of the evolution of symptomatic intensity and autonomy in daily living. The second part of our work showed with more precision four developmental trajectories and two risk and protection factors in the case/event of a bad evolution. Finally, a clinical analysis showed that a same initial clinical table can generate very different developmental trajectories
Ngabolo, Georgette. "Processus d'intégration des changements corporels à l'adolescence : les répercussions psychiques des transformations corporelles et l'élaboration de l'image du corps dans le processus de l'adolescence." Nancy 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN21021.
Full textWe have tried to establish the body image among teenagers. Literature review concerns some works, in particular those psychoanalytic, on the body, the body image and the adolescence. Methodology and data analysis section shows the procedure used to collect the informations and to analyse the data gathered using the non-directing interview method, the Rorschach and draw test of individual on French youth population (74 samples from 11 to 187 years old and 13 samples from 19 to 21 years old). The results show the importance of a progressive elaboration of the body image : from the chaotic body image towards the integrated body image in concomitance with the narcissist restructuring and the acquisition of news identifications. The third part is a study on the adolescence in Gabon. This is a preliminary study in Gabon using non-directing interview method concerning a group of Gabon's teenagers (20 samples from 11 to 18 years old). It emphasizes : the modalties of adaptation at the body, with the influence of the family circle and the culture ; the acquisition of sexual identity actual distresse of Gabon's teenagers to comparison of their French fellows
Roitstein, Florencia. "Face au sida : attitudes et comportements des médecins généralistes en milieu hospitalier en Argentine." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0040.
Full textCoudeyras-Rançon, Laetitia. "Anxiété anticipatoire et effets indésirables aigus post ECT : revue de la littérature, étude préliminaire exploratoire." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR23062.
Full textHegg-Deloye, Sandrine. "Contraintes psychosociales au travail, risque d'obésité et risque cardiovasculaire chez les paramédics." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30248/30248.pdf.
Full textInternational literature on paramedics reports a prevalence of obesity, cardiovascular diseases and post-traumatic stress disorder. Furthermore, in Quebec, paramedics have a high rate of debilitating work injuries as well as an important rate of early retirement for disability compared to the average of other emergency workers. The aim of this thesis was to explore the issue of occupational stress and theirs consequences among paramedics working in Quebec and using the activity model by Guerin et al. (1997). To achieve this, we conducted a questionnaire study, a laboratory study and a field study. The questionnaire was used to determine the presence or absence of psychosocial constraints and cardiovascular risk among 205 paramedics. The laboratory study allowed us to investigate the physical condition in 31 paramedics. As for the field study, it provided a better understanding of paramedics’ eating habits while at work in 40 paramedics. The main results from are: a lack of social support and an effort-reward imbalance, a prevalence of obesity that tends to increase over time, low cardiovascular condition which tends to decrease rapidly for night workers compared to day workers, good muscular strength, smoking. Also, we have demonstrated causal links between lack of support from hierarchy, a large consumption of tobacco, emotional eating desinhibition and increased body mass index during employment. The findings show that paramedics combine several risk factors for cardiovascular disease during their careers. In conclusion, it is important to emphasize the absolute need to develop primary interventions with both companies and paramedics.
Ignoumba, Stella. "Enfants des rues impasses familiales et précarité psychique : étude clinique menée au Gabon." Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA1024/document.
Full textPoverty is often highlighted to explain the presence of children in the streets of poor countries. However, the problem is way more complex. Indeed, some children, even if they don’t have to, prefer to live in the streets despite the hostility of this environment. Furthermore, according to the cultural dimension, their presence in the streets seems incoherent in Sub-SaharanAfrica, because the child “alone” doesn’t exist, he is part of a group, other than his immediate family. How can this presence be explained, then? In order to face this problem we formulated the following hypotheses.1) The “street child” would be in the streets because of a family impasse. 2) The “street child” would adopt paradoxical behaviors that reach their body envelopes in order to survive the hostilityof the environment. Our research took place in Gabon in two stages. The first one is part of a larger study (UNICEF), we administered 300 questionnaires to children and met with 9 families. During the second one, we conducted interviews and observations with 25 children.The analysis was executed in two times:- Firstly, we described these phenomena, we created a portrait of these children, and established their profiles and those of their families by means of a content analysis (Nvivo software)- Secondly, we demonstrated, based on four clinical cases, the child’s difficulty to become autonomous when confronted with a family/culture that’s turned “hybrid”.Our hypotheses are verified with the establishment of different clinical profiles (the “alienated” child, the “pacemaker”,“without psychic envelope”…) that describe an impasse and a psychic precariousness, as well as the construction of a “homesecondskin” as a way of psychic skin. This study allows to contemplate the establishment of new measures where the link “child-family-professional” could find an adjustment when confronted with the incoherence of cultural models
Inagnibomoua, Kader Kane. "L'essor des nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication au Gabon : quelles incidences perçues sur l'organisation du travail et la santé des employés?" Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100031/document.
Full textThis doctoral thesis aims to assess the consequences of the integration of the new information technology and communication media (NITC) on the workforce in Gabon, concerning both the organisational field and the field of workforce health. More precisely, the objective of the current thesis focuses on three aspects. The first aspect concerns the factors which are bound to facilitate the use of NITC by the employees. The second aspect assesses the changes triggered by the use of NITC in the organisation of the employees’ work. Last but not least, the last aspect assesses the impact of NITC on the physical and psychological health of the employees. A questionnaire was applied on a sample of 136 employees who worked in the banking system in Gabon. The designed tool is structured in four parts: (A) an identification part comprising the socio-demographic variables (age, sex, marital status) and the socio-organisational ones (seniority, daily length of use and frequency of use of the NITC); (B) the Brangier and Hammes scale (2007), which measures the relation man-work-organisation starting from the model of symbiosis; (C) a 30-item questionnaire designed according to the research needs, based on the analysis of the categorial-thematic content of the discourses provided by employees in Gabon while describing their daily work routine. It focuses on the influence of NITC on the organisation of work (efficiency in work, communication practises, autonomy, information overload and professional isolation); (D) a questionnaire built in the same manner as the previous one, exploring the perceived connections between NITC and health at the workplace (physical issues, professional stress and professional well-being at work). Globally, the obtained results show that the connections that the employees in Gabon have with the NITC are strongly correlated with the way in which they use them. However, they do not indicate any connection between the use of NITC inside the organisations in Gabon and the organisation of work. Moreover, these results show that on the one hand the NITC are perceived as the source of physical health issues (particularly musculoskeletal issues) and psychological issues (particularly professional stress), but on the other hand they are also perceived as causing a certain psychological well-being (particularly when it comes to the working environment and the involvement in work/self-accomplishment). Finally, our work highlights two mediations: the sharing technologies (vs. assistive technologies) constitute a total mediator of the relation between the perception of the symbiosis between man-work-organisation and the perceived occurrence of the TMS (vs. depression). Our research also has an applicative dimension on short-term, but it opens the gate towards future research patterns aiming to improve the integration and development of NITC in Gabon on mid-term
Gaillard, Françoise. "Devenir fonctionnel, esthétique et qualité de vie de 135 femmes ayant un cancer du sein opérable." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR23021.
Full textWiart, Yvane. "Personnalité, stress, émotion et santé, cinq échelles revisitées : l'attachement constitue-t-il une variable sous-jacente permettant de catégoriser les sujets adultes?" Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0166.
Full textThe link between personality, health and disease has been a central question for centuries, even if it remains controversial in France. Much research around the world has been carried out in this field particularly in the study of cancer, which is the basis of the present approach. This kind of research immediately raises the question of measurement, which is quite complex in relation to personality traits. The present research selected five self-evaluation tests, which are among the most widely used and which have already provided promising results in health Psychology. Although these tools emerge from different theoretical backgrounds, they were examined together through various statistical procedures with the aim of determining the relationships among them. A main objective was to categorise subjects, since health or disease primarily concerns individuaIs who tend to be overlooked in dimensional approaches focusing on variables. The main results uncover an underlying construct composed of two central dimensions in the theory of attachment: self-and other-representation. This structure is recurrent throughout the analyses of our sample. It accounts for the coherence of previous results obtained with these different scales and constitutes a solid basis for categorising subjects. A complementary set of results provides finer analyses and the assessment of other theoretical factors relevant to clinical or health Psychology. Globally, this research contributes an evaluation tool which is more reliable than each of the separate tests composing it. As such, it constitutes a useful way to advance research in many areas concerned with assessing personality traits
Gagnon, Hélène. "Développement et évaluation d'une intervention sur mesure visant à favoriser l'usage d'une seringue neuve à chaque injection chez les usagers de drogues par injection qui fréquentent les programmes d'échange de seringues." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25690/25690.pdf.
Full textThe use of soiled syringes exposes injection drug users (IDUs) to serious infections. To better target objectives of an intervention aimed at promoting the use of a new syringe at each injection, a preliminary study was realized. The use of an integrative theoretical model has permitted to identify factors associated with the intention of IDUs to adopt this behaviour. Only 39% of the 105 respondents had a firm intention to adopt this behaviour in the next week. Perceived behavioural control (OR : 17.83; CI95% 5.75-55.15) and attitude (OR : 13.43; CI95% 3.54-50.87) were the principal factors associated with intention. Intervention mapping served as the conceptual framework to guide the development of the intervention. At each developmental step, this model integrates theory, empirical data and information collected among populations. More specifically, the intervention emerges through a strategy named Computer Tailoring. This strategy uses information technologies to present messages customized according to individual characteristics. This intervention was implemented within the framework of an evaluative research. A two-group randomized control trial design was adopted. Behavioural outcomes were measured at baseline (T0), one week after the intervention (T1) and three months later (T2). A total of 260 IDUs were recruited. At baseline, 52.3% of the participants reported not always using new syringes in the previous week. The analysis showed a short term effect. One month after the implementation of the intervention, participants in the experimental group were using fewer soiled syringes (p = 0.004), and a higher number reported adopting safe behaviour (p = 0.04). These effects were not significant three months later. The results of this study add weight to those already published demonstrating the efficacy of Computer Tailoring intervention to modify behaviour. When they are exposed to tailored educational messages, IDUs who visit needle exchange programs (NEPs) adopt safer injection practices.
Greco, Luca. "Interaction, contexte et cognition : les pratiques de description et de catégorisation de la douleur dans les appels au 15." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0090.
Full textThe object of our study is constituted by practices of description and categorization of pain in calls to emergency assistance (15 , Samu 78). The aim of our research is to take in account discursive resources employed by participants (caller, patient, call-taker, doctor) in order to construct an experience : a pain. Therefore, we are interested in socio-cognitive aspects concerning verbalization of a sensorial data and in referential practices emerging in talk-in-interaction. In order to do that, we have studied sequential organization of emergency calls (part II) and categorization practices emerging by the actions of the participants to the interaction (part III). We have used a pluridisciplinary approach : Conversation Analysis, Ethnography and Situated Cognition
Molas, Stéphanie. "Dostoi͏̈evski épileptique, l'influence de sa maladie sur son œuvre littéraire." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2P114.
Full textRaffy, Julie. "Représentations graphiques de la maladie et du médicament chez l'enfant de 8 à 12 ans : enquête dans une classe primaire." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2P056.
Full textMoulin, Pierre. "Soins palliatifs et sida : permanence et changements des cultures soignantes : étude psychosociologique des professionnels de santé confrontés à la prise en charge des patients sidéens en fin de vie dans deux services de l'Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0097.
Full textSerhani, Beldhia. "Médecine, SIDA et pulsion de mort : étude psychopathologique d'une clinique « nomade »." Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA1033.
Full textWhen we first started practicing in a hospital unitth at treated V.l.H. positive patients, we asked ourselve:in the fîrst part of this research, if psychological intervention was possible in such a highly specialized unit. With the receding of te deadly nature of Aids, it appears more a chronic illness. The limîts are pushed back, but at what price ? Finally, the part of this research proposes a psychopathological reflection on the problems posed by the"death drive" présent at the very heart of the drive, and that we've seen un leashed by this pathologyby the act of intentional contaminations
Bélanger, Philippe. "Environnement psychosocial de travail, niveau socio-économique et tension artérielle." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23914/23914.pdf.
Full textMartin, Marie. "Evaluation psychocognitive des représentations des patients sur le traitement de l’information du médecin et de l’accompagnateur au dépistage dans le cadre de la communication préventive du cancer colorectalprise de décision, profils interactifs et réduction des inégalités sociales de santé : prise de décision, profils interactifs et réduction des inégalités sociales de santé." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN1021.
Full textDespite the establishment of an organized colorectal cancer screening in France, participation remains low (1/3), particularly for people affected by social inequalities in health. The physician-patient communication is of paramount importance, especially during the exchange when the CRC screening test, the Hemoccult-II ®, is presented. Inspired by the "patient navigator" program (Freeman, 1995), our team has developed the PRADO project: its objective is to assess the impact of the patient navigator on the increasing participation in this screening, in a context of social inequalities in health. Its role is to provide personalized support to the beneficiary to overcome these obstacles. The psychological study, included in this project, explore the cognitive, behavioural, relational and emotional mechanisms on which the patient navigator can intervene. This doctoral work, integrated to the project, studies the patient's representations of their communication with the physician versus the patient navigator, in terms of cognitive psychology. Our focus is on the processing of medical information by the patient, in order to an informed decision-making. The results suggest that the doctor retains a favoured interlocutor position and that the patient navigator is credited as a third resource. The intervention of the patient navigator is indeed complementary to the physician's, provided that the preliminary interview with the physician has made a good first impression
Lucas, Michel. "Effets d'une supplémentation en acide gras oméga-3 enrichie en éthyl-acide eicosapentanoïque (E-EPA) sur la détresse psychologique, les symptômes dépressifs et vasomoteurs chez des femmes d'âge moyen : un essai comparatif randomisé (ECR), à double insu, contrôlé par placebo." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20136.
Full textDerbez, Benjamin. "Entre cobaye et partenaires : l’expérience des patients dans l’économie morale de la recherche clinique en cancérologie." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0097.
Full textBased on an ethnographic field work and a socio-historical investigation, this thesis challenge both the image of the "guinea pig" and that of "partner", frequently associated with patients who participate in clinical trials in oncology. Indeed, field data collected between 2008 and 2010 in clinical research services in medical oncology, indicate that, beyond the traditionnal issue of informed consent, patient participation in research relies on the production and the negociated circulation of moral feelings (hope / trust) and specific practices of care, in patients-investigators interactions, which constitute what might be called a "moral economy" of clinical research in oncology. Setting this local moral economy in the overall structure of power relations (economic, political, social) that characterizes the clinical cancer research at national and international level, by the mean of socio-historical research allows us, however, to also understand how the process of ethical normalization of the experimental activity observed in the field is based on a set of governmental techniques - on the professionals side - and subjectification - on the patients side. Centered on the contextualized analysis of daily practices of the actors and their experience, this thesis is thus a critical contribution to ethical reflection on human experimentation