Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Gabros'
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Lima, Geani Araújo. "Gabros estratiformes da região norte da Ilha de São Sebastião, SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/44/44135/tde-25092015-160340/.
Full textNovel stratiform gabbroic instrusions with ultramafic and ultrabasic differentiates at Ponta da Pacuíba, Ponta das Canas and Praia da Armação, NNW São Sebastião Island, SP, complemente the spectrum of Mesozoic plutonism on the island, hitherto restricted to the Serraria, São Sebastião and Mirante syenite stocks and several smaller analogous occurrences. Restricted coastal outcrop areas range from a few hundred m to about 2 km im maximum extent, typically consisting of fields of m-sized and larger, spheroidally exfoliated parautochtonous boulders and blocks. Thus the internal magmato-stratigraphical and structural relationships of the gabbro intrusions are difficult to establish. The gabbro bodies cut Precambrian granitic-gneisses and migmatites of the Complexo Costeiro as well as Mesozoic ultrabasic to intermediate dykes (diabases followed by lamprophyres) representing the initial stage of Mesozoic magmatism on São Sebastião Island. The gabbro intrusions, the second stage of Mesozoic magmatism on the island, were intruded by their own magma-chamber late-stage differentiates (vein-type peridotites, pegmatoid clinopyroxenites, anorthosites and finally, microgabbro dykes). The gabbros were intruded later by a second generation of basalt through dacite dykes and by the syenites of the Serraria stock. These dykes may be microxenolithic gradational with true magmatic breccias carrying only gabbro and related intrusive rock fragments. The syenites are younger than the stratiform gabbros, carrying xenoliths of them. Hence, time-space relationships of the second generation dykes and the Serraria syenites could not be observed; the syenites in the study area are free of dykes. Regionally, howevwer, such dykes do intrude the syenites, indicating that the second generation basaltic dykes of the study area are too, may be younger than the syenites. Regionally, the syenites were still cut by trachyte dykes. Major gabbros of the stratiform intrusions are leuco and mesocratic (M=10-35 and 35-65), followed by decreasingly abundant pyroxenites, anorthosites and peridotites. They are isotropic or cumulus textured, frequently with such spectacular features of magma-chamber processes, as fractional crystallization, gravitational crystal settling and igneous sedimentation under quiet and turbulent conditions, causing parallel layering of variable composition and thickness (cm to m-sized), rhytimic layering, gradational stratification, cross-stratification and channel-type cross stratification, channel erosion, erosional discordances, gravitational slumping and sliding, as well as synsedimentary faulting of the unconsolidated crystal mushes due to tectonic downthrow of the active magma-chamber, along with magmatic breccias of magma chamber border zones and reintrusions, among others. Petrographical and lithogeochemical multielementary XRF-studies showed: 1) The association, in both dyke-generations of subalkaline and alkaline basalts and their differentiates, including lamprophyres in the first generation; i.e., the active co-existence of heterogeneous mantle sources concerning composition depths and partial melting. 2) The stratiform gabbros evolution through repeated pulses of magmatic realimentation forming associated subalkaline to minor tholeiitic and alkaline nephelinic gabbros and specific differentiates (peridotites, pyroxenites and anorthosites) occurring either as early magmatic segregations and layered cumulates, or as late stage magma-chamber differentiates in intrusive sometimes pegmatoid veins (without chilled borders), as well as gabbroic magma-chamber breccias. During cooling and consolidation of the intrusions, a last pulse of gabbroic alkaline and subalkaline magmatism occurred from the mantle sources; it originated microgabbro dykes with chilled borders. 3) The Serraria stock consists of predominant alkaline syenite (with modal and normative nepheline) and minor satured syenite (with up to <0.5% normative quartz) bearing relic plagioclase and olivine of uncomplete assimilation. However their chemical composition is well defined and little variable, diverging drastically of the mafic dykes, stratiform gabbros and related rocks. Petrographical and lithogeochemical modelling indicate that the main subalkaline to tholeiitic and alkaline gabbros could be genetically linked with the subalkaline and alkaline mafic dykes of both generations, being derived from OIB-type mantle sources by variable degrees of partial melting and chromite and Ni-in-olivine fractionation during ascent. The gabbros would represent fractions of the dyke magmatism, emplaced as intrusive bodies during an interregnum of abortion of the rift tectonics that caused, at least twice, the opening of the São Sebastião Channel and the emplacement of mafic dyke swarms, separating the São Sebastião Island from continental Brazil. Lithogeochemical modelling was not conclusive concerning the formation of the Serraria syenites through differentiation by fractional crystallization of the gabbroic magmas or not. However, angular xenoliths of gabbros and pyroxenites, the lack of petrographical and geochemical terms transitional between gabbro and syenite, and the by far predominant relative volumetric proportions, suggested that the syenites were not formed by differentiationof the gabbroic magmas. The syenites could be genetically related to carbonatitic rocks that, despite of only minor and rare occurrences, have alreadybeen described and postulated in the literature as of eminent importance for the regional Mesozoic magmatic evolution. Finally, with a renewed uptake of the rift tectonics the basic to intermediate 2nd dyke generation was emplaced, cutting through the already solid and cold gabbro intrusions. Regionally there occur analogous dykes, possibly of the same generation, intruding the syenites, according to the contact relationships when the syenites were already solid but still in a hot stage. The last Mesozoic magmatic activity is regionally represented by trachyte dykes; these cut through the syenites as their subvolcanic equivalents, including their Precambrian country rocks. The pronounced petrographical and geochemical peculiarity and variability of the Mesozoic magmatism of the São Sebastião Island and some other regional occurrences as the islands Monte do Trigo, As Ilhhas and Búzios, among othersand nearby occurrences on the continental coast, apparently designate an own regional geotectonic association, related to the specific astheno-lithospheric compositional, thermal and tectonical conditions, that controlled the opening of the South-Atlantic Ocean in the observed limited segment of time and space. The geochronological record from the literature indicates: ~140-120 Ma for the emplacement of the first dyke generation; ~95-86 Ma for the stratiform gabbros; ~85-80 Ma for syenite stocks and ~81-55 Ma for the second dyke generation.
Gomes, Rute Isabel Pinto. "Contributo para a caracterização geotécnica dos gabros da faixa Beringel – Beja." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8085.
Full textA presente dissertação pretende contribuir para a caracterização geotécnica dos gabros, rochas intrusivas máficas, cujo conhecimento a nível internacional ainda é escasso, pois trata-se de uma litologia abundante na crusta oceânica, mas que é pouco vulgar encontrar sob a forma de afloramentos. Em Portugal, este tipo de rochas encontra-se no Complexo Subvulcânico de Sines e, em maior extensão, na Sequência Gabróica Bandada do Complexo Ígneo de Beja; contudo e até ao presente, só foram estudados do ponto de vista geotécnico as rochas respeitantes ao Complexo de Sines. Neste contexto, avaliaram-se as principais propriedades geotécnicas de um conjunto de provetes (mais de uma centena), obtidos a partir de uma campanha de amostragem realizada na faixa Beringel – Beja, e que foram ulteriormente submetidos a ensaios de laboratório. O trabalho inicia-se por uma caracterização das propriedades geotécnicas das rochas intactas avaliadas nesta investigação, passando pela caracterização genérica das rochas gabróicas e, ainda, pelo enquadramento geológico da formação amostrada, que integra o Complexo Ígneo de Beja. Apresenta-se, em seguida, a metodologia adotada para os ensaios de laboratório e discutem-se os resultados obtidos, incluindo correlações entre algumas daquelas propriedades. Finalmente, sintetizam-se as principais conclusões obtidas e tecem-se considerações sobre a validade dos resultados.
Soares, Sofia Maria Mesquita. "Contribuição para o conhecimento das características geotécnicas dos gabros de Beja, faixa entre Beringel e Beja." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10428.
Full textO principal objetivo do presente estudo é contribuir para o conhecimento das propriedades geotécnicas das unidades que integram o perfil de meteorização dos gabros do Complexo Ígneo de Beja, na região compreendida entre Beringel e Beja. Este conhecimento dos terrenos, rochas e solos, irá contribuir para uma adequada planificação do projeto de engenharia e da construção, e apoiar o planeamento urbano, minimizando assim os riscos geológicos associados. Esta tese inclui uma introdução ao estado do conhecimento geológico e geotécnico dos gabros, no mundo e em Portugal, o enquadramento da área em análise e a metodologia adotada no sentido de se atingirem os resultados pretendidos. Os trabalhos realizados, em campo e em laboratório, formam a base da caracterização dos gabros e seus solos residuais, contribuindo para a obtenção dos parâmetros definidores destas unidades. A compilação dos dados obtidos permite individualizar três unidades geotécnicas no perfil de meteorização dos gabros, que nem sempre existem em continuidade: a zona mais profunda, ZG1, corresponde aos gabros, sãos ou pouco meteorizados; um trecho intermédio, ZG2, integra os solos residuais menos evoluídos, diretamente assentes na rocha mãe; e a camada mais superficial, ZG3, correspondente aos solos residuais coesivos designados de “Barros de Beja”. A Tese inclui ainda uma síntese da gama de valores para as principais propriedades geotécnicas, físicas e mecânicas, avaliadas para aquelas unidades.
Avendaño, Veas Viviana Alejandra. "Petrología del Complejo Ofiolítico Tortuga, Magallanes Chile: Evidencias de un Metamorfismo Cretácico Inferior." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2008. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/103072.
Full textGómez, Gajardo Andrés Roberto. "Petrología del Complejo de Gabros de las islas Caroline, Thomas, Sidney y London, Batolito Fueguino: XII región de Magallanes y de la Antártica chilena, Chile." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/137052.
Full textEn este trabajo se presentan por primera vez datos de campo, petrográficos y geoquímicos de afloramientos de cuerpos plutónicos faneríticos y diques de composiciones basálticas y riolítica encontrados en las islas Caroline, Thomas, Sidney y London, las cuales se ubican al sur de los 54º S en el extremo austral de Sudamérica, Chile. Entre las rocas estudiadas, se encuentran asociaciones de gabros/dioritas y cuarzo-gabros/dioritas (Complejo de Gabros), granodioritas y tonalitas, todas ellas presentando relaciones de contactos por intrusión con sus respectivos encajantes. Los cuerpos gabroicos presentan afinidades tholeiíticas en contraste con los granitoides (granodioritas y tonalitas) que se caracterizan por tener tendencias calcoalcalinas y una química con impronta de un ambiente de subducción clara. Los gabros presentan rasgos morfológicos, texturales, mineralógicos y de metamorfismo en facies esquistos verdes consistentes con rocas cumuladas máficas que han sufrido procesos secundarios de alteración en ausencia de procesos metamórficos dinámicos. Dataciones U-Pb en circones obtenidos en un segregado magmático ubicado en los gabros, permitieron la obtención de una edad mínima de cristalización de 122 Ma aproximadamente. Sumado a esto, valores de razones elementales normalizadas a condrito (Gd/Yb, La/Sm, Zr/Nb, La/Yb, Nd/Yb), diagramas binarios (P2O5 y FeOt/MgO versus Zr) y comparaciones de diagramas de REE sugieren un ambiente genético asociado a la subducción de una proto-placa oceánica bajo una placa continental particularmente adelgazada la cual contribuye protagónicamente en la creación de los cuerpos plutónicos, y en donde la cristalización en cumulados magmáticos para los gabros/dioritas y cuarzo-gabros/dioritas juega un rol importante en la genésis de estos, quedando evidenciado visualmente por texturas cumuladas presentes en los afloramientos. Finalmente, datos de geoquímica total de las rocas para elementos de interés económico (por ejemplo Cu, Ni, Cr y Pb), resultados de fluorescencia de rayos X y análisis calcográficos tanto para los cuerpos básicos como para los más ácidos, presentan una escasa mineralización de mena ascociada a estos elementos de interés y por tanto las rocas en estudio constituirían cuerpos estériles y de nulo provecho económico.
Barbosa, Laércio Dal Olmo. "Petrografia e geoquímica das rochas intrusivas básicas da porção sudeste do Cinturão Dom Feliciano, RS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/153358.
Full textThe participation of mantle-derived melts, recorded as dioritic, gabbroic and mafic-ultramafic rocks, has been identified as a determinant component in the generation of intermediate to acid magmas, in orogenic to post-collisional settings. In this context, the emplacement of hydrous basaltic liquids at the base of the crust is also considered an important petrogenetic marker, not only providing heat, but also producing residual fractionated liquids, essential to the generation of evolved magmas. Furthermore, less differentiated magmas can also ascend and reach upper crustal levels, interacting with silicic magma chambers. Therefore, this rocks record both magma extraction and transport processes from the mantle, resulting in vertical material accretion to the crust, as well as the interaction between these two components. In the southeastern portion of Dom Feliciano Belt (RS), which is composed mainly by granitoids, minor dioritic and gabbroic rocks occur (1 to 7 km), with predominantly basic character, in the region between Pinheiro Machado and Pedro Osório. This thesis presents geological, mineralogical, petrographic and geochemical characterization of these rocks, proposing thus the separation of two main associations. The "Association I" (AI) comprises the bodies Passo da Fabiana, Passo do Olaria, Arroio Santa Fé and Desvio Herval, and is composed by gabbroic rocks, commonly as cumulates, sometimes in layered intrusions The "Association II" (AII), dioritic to gabbroic, comprises isotropic to locally foliated rocks, in the occurrences of Alto Alegre, Passo dos Machados and Campo Bonito. Both associations are subalkaline, with medium-K (AI) and medium to high-K (AII) calc-alkaline affinity, showing high-alumina contents (Al2O3 > 17%), even for the non-cumulated terms. Higher CaO and Mg# values in AI, and alkalis, P2O5, Zr, Nb, Y, and total REE in AII, as well as distinct REE patterns, support the proposed associations. The control on the emplacement of the basic rocks by lithospheric discontinuities is suggested by magnetic signatures, which would have enabled the ascent and emplacement of these magmas to upper crustal levels. As petrogenetic processes, the participation of mantle-derived liquids in supracrustal magma chambers is suggested, either as precursor pulses of the magmatism associated with the granitoids, or by replenishment events in these reservoirs, as prevalent in AI. In the AII, amphibole-rich, processes involving the emplacement and evolution of mantle-derived magmas in DCHZ (deep crustal hot zones), originating hydrous liquids, seems to be more expressive.
Python, Marie. "Nature et répartition des filons basiques dans la section mantellaire de l'ophiolite d'Oman : implications pour la genèse des MORBs." Toulouse 3, 2002. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010212.
Full textTrutner, Sarah D. "An Investigation of AMS in Oman Ophiolite Gabbros." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1470493515.
Full textRamoškienė, Nijolė. "Gabaus 5 - 7 metų vaiko kompetencijų ypatumai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050627_181445-89787.
Full textKvassnes, Astri Jæger Sweetman 1972. "The evolution of oceanic gabbros : in-situ and ancient examples." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39412.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references.
This study is a geochemical investigation into the accretion of lower oceanic crust and processes of shallow melt-rock reaction at mid-ocean ridges. Major-, trace-elements, and isotopes from whole-rocks and minerals from the Lyngen Gabbro, a 480-My old dismembered ophiolite from the Scandinavian Caledonides, indicate that this igneous complex was produced from hydrous supra-subduction zone magmas, a remnant of an incipient ocean-arc. Such ophiolites are better models for the structural evolution than the geochemical evolution of the lower oceanic crust at mid-ocean ridges. Minerals in gabbros from Atlantis Bank, Southwest Indian Ridge, a modern, in-situ example of lower ocean-crust, were analyzed for major and trace-elements. The MELTS algorithm indicates that these gabbros formed by near-fractional crystallization at mid-crustal pressures. The gabbroic crust is more evolved than the lavas and represents melts fractionated 50-95% relative to a mantle-derived melt-composition, supported by trace-element models. This argues against the often-cited gabbro-glacier accretion model, where mantle-derived melts are transported to a shallow melt-lens and fractionates there before eruption. There remain >770-m of additional primitive cumulates below 1500-m deep Hole 735B or within the underlying mantle. Thus, the seismic Moho, beneath Hole 735B, could be the crust-mantle boundary, rather than an alteration front as suggested elsewhere. The Atlantis Bank gabbros have augites that are more primitive than plagioclases and olivines with which they coexist. Melt-rock interaction, where ascending melts dissolve the pre-existing gabbroic rocks and create hybrid magma may have caused this. Dissolution-experiments for plagioclase-olivine and plagioclase-augite mineral pairs
(cont.) were performed at 1180⁰-1330⁰C and 20-min - 24hrs. Dissolution occurs rapidly and out of equilibrium, with the dissolution rates dependent on the [delta]T above the solidus. Rocks with small grain-boundary areas (coarse grained or nearly mono-mineralic) heat internally when enclosed in hot magma, causing xenoliths or wall-rock to melt and disaggregate. The dissolution-derived magma crystallizes minerals more refractory-looking than the melts that precipitated the original gabbroic rocks. Assimilation of gabbroic rocks increases the Na content and decreases the Fe content of the melt that digests it, thus basaltic glasses formed after this hybridization will falsely reflect a lower degree and pressure of mantle melting.
by Astri Jæger Sweetman Kvassnes.
Ph.D.
AJEBLI, MARIA. "Les gabbros coronitiques, partiellement eclogitises, de lom et de lesja, norvege." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA077265.
Full textMatsanga, Odette. "L'entrepreneurship au Gabon." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1987. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5699/1/000568975.pdf.
Full textLai, Chun-kit, and 黎俊傑. "Genetic relations between gabbros and sheeted dykes in the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46089147.
Full textTaipale, A. (Artturi). "Composition of magnetite in gabbros of the Mustavaara Fe-Ti-V deposit." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2013. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201303081088.
Full textTrela, Jarek. "Shape-preferred orientation (SPO) of oceanic gabbros at ODP Hole 1256D: implications for magmatic processes." OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1170.
Full textHayder, Adnane. "L'Industrialisation à Gabès et ses conséquences : étude de géographie urbaine et économique /." Tunis : Publications de l'Université de Tunis, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb349571501.
Full textAda, Nzoughe Corine. "La gestion des déchets solides dans la commune de Libreville (Gabon) : contribution géographique à l'étude des politiques et des pratiques urbaines." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30040.
Full textLibreville the capital of Gabon makes face since the end of 1980s with important problems of insalubrity in touch with the solid waste. Developed geographical approach offers an analysis of correlations between the actors, their logic and means of action in an agglomeration marked by socio-space inequality to reveal the major dysfunctions which affect the quality of the urban service of the solid waste. The recent policies of decentralization and concession still do not contribute to resolve efficiently the problems of inequality of access to the local service of the solid waste because they are the object of institutional conflicts enters les for you and the State. The technical choices of elimination of garbage implemented by SOVOG, society private concessionary, do not take into account the diversity of the situations of development and equipment of the quarters of Libreville. That's why in the popular péricentraux and peripheral quarters, the populations which live in the enclosed shoals are excluded from the collecting of garbage. It is in this context that develop the informal practices of rejection of waste certain borrowed in the middle country. On the contrary in the rich quarters, the rates of collection are well brought up. The popular initiative which develops in quarters registers in a context of gouvernance and democratization still fragile and uncertain. Of this fact the public institutions remain the central actors of the management of waste
Mboumba, Anicet. "La gestion des déchets solides à Libreville (Gabon) : espace urbain, dynamiques institutionnelles et pratiques citadines." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100013.
Full textSolid wastes management has an impact on environment. It requires the awareness of the whole society, at every level. The insalubrity is an old phenomenon in Libreville, which leads to multiple mobilisations. It sets in motion all the social actors; so that is it deserve a study as a revelatory of social dynamics. The piling of waste damages the living conditions of the citizens. Public services, traditionally in charge of removing waste, are forced to reforms - delegation, decentralization. At the same lime, various individual and collective actors - environmentalist movements, citizens' organizations, and cottage industries- are trying to organize themselves. The inquiries on those processes have shown that the multiplicity of the actors and practices in the city, the territorialization of management strategies, and the deficit of regulation create disparities and tensions, revealing cleavages in Libreville's society. Votecatching, the solution chosen by authorities to contain social tensions, facilitates the inequalities in urban services by reducing the efficiency of the solutions imagined by inhabitants
Mouvagha-Sow, Myriam. "Processus matrimoniaux et procréation à Libreville (Gabon)." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100128.
Full textGabon has a particular demographic context. Its fertility never reached very high levels because of a widespread pathological infertility, which appears to have decreased in a significant way these last years. According to the first Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), conducted in 2000, the country seems to have started its fertility transition, in spite of a pro-birth policy enforced until recently. Moreover, as in many African countries there is a marriage transition, marked by a significant delay of the marriage age and the development of informal unions. These evolutions -are caused by "modernisation" (increasing of educational levels, urbanisation, etc. ), but also by the economic crisis. In addition, changing fertility and marriage behaviours are tightly related to a redefinition of the relationships between men and women. The censuses and the DHS are not fully appropriate to the study of these transformations, because they give only a cross vision of them, whereas in Africa the constitution of the unions is a process which can be long and complex. Moreover, they do not take into account sexuality, visiting unions and male behaviours. Our research is thus based on interviews and a quantitative survey. The survey I conducted in Libreville in 1999, on a sample of 484 women and 424 men, deals with sexual, matrimonial and reproductive behaviours. It gives the detailed matrimonial history of the individuals, with the various stages of the marriage process, and their fertility biography. Thus, this thesis explores, partly with event history analysis, the matrimonial and fertility changes between different generations, the relationships between matrimonial life and fertility life and compares female and male life-cycles
Gabris, Sondos [Verfasser], Michelle [Gutachter] Ommerborn, and Peter [Gutachter] Kienbaum. "Untersuchung zur Dichtigkeit eines experimentellen Wurzelkanalstifts / Sondos Gabris ; Gutachter: Michelle Ommerborn, Peter Kienbaum." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1138436720/34.
Full textRogombe, Laetitia Guylia. "La dynamique de la ville de Lambaréné : entre mobilité et développement économique local." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070007.
Full textThe study of the dynamics of the town of Lambarene made it possible to distinguish the various factors which contribute to the development of this city. On the geographical level, Lambarene occupies, a strategic position; it is the node of relation, the crossroads of communication networks road and river. Its central position and its economic assets explain the surge of the populations of various national and foreign origins. The multiplicity, the mixing and the diversity of those make of Lambarene a genuine melting-pot. With the economic plan and industrialist, whereas the small towns are in general mono-industrial, Lambarene is pluri-industrial. This character pluri-industrialist is due to a large number of foreign companies which strongly take part in the development of this urban area. The presence of these multinationals is revealing anchoring and opening of Lambarene to globalization. The interest of this study is articulated around the double demographic and economic dynamics which underlies the development of Lambarene and in fact an economic pole of importance in Gabon
Eyindanga, Edouard. "Les usages des langues locales dans les quartiers-est de Libreville : enquêtes sociolinguistiques." Grenoble 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE39054.
Full textSince a score of years, important upheavals characterize the sociolinguistic landscape of Libreville. These upheavals result in the fast increase of the local migrations, the integration of former rural zones in the urban perimeter, the schooling of the young people by the means of a language not of origin, but of great prestige, the reception of a great number of foreign populations having brought with them their languages. These phenomena of reorganization of space and contact of the languages and cultures became such extensive in the Gabonese capital in the period of colonial post modernity, that they gave the city the image of a strong, heterogeneous and multilingual company. The situations of contact of the languages and cultures are not without consequences. They imply changes relating to the linguistic behaviors of the groups and individuals. These changes are known and several researchers identified and studied them, in particular those concerning the dynamic socio-linguistic ones of the raised or undervalued languages. Main goal of this thesis consists in questioning on the uses of the local languages by young people of Libreville district (15-35 years). More specifically, it is a question of analyzing the impact of the social practices in use in the public places of sociability, through the word in order to highlight the extent of the practice of the local languages in the aforementioned districts. Generally, the results of the analyses are summarized as follows: - Firstly, three important languages are spoken in Libreville district among the linguistic exchanges. They are the fang, the punu and the nzebi. - Secondly, the declared knowledge of a language necessarily does not mean that its speakers include/understand it and/or speak it very well. - Thirdly, quarters of the east of Libreville are areas quality of life and linguistic territories favorable to the practice of the local languages of East Libreville, and the expression of the plurilingualism in local language
Nan-Nguema, Sandrine. "Mémoires pétrolières au Gabon." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070076.
Full textGabon's Petroleum memories began in the early 1900s. They are rooted in older memories from which they were fed. Territorial and genealogical knowledge of the nomad tribes represented the main aspect of collective memory during Gabon's pre-colonial period. Memory was transmitted through orality in a context of slavery. This context caused the appearance of a social hierarchy within tribes and among those established along the river Ogooué. Slavery was the first economic cycle to bind Europe to future Gabon. With the colonisation new memory contents based upon specialised economic cycles reshaped Gabonese societies. These cycles were mainly concentrated on small land extensions, in a little country counting few people. The exploiting of the Okoumé was the last of these cycles ; it started at the beginning of the 19th century thirty years before the petroleum conquest would follow the colonial and precolonial cycles inheriting and remoulding their own memories. The first Oil discovery in Gabon on the Mandji Island in 1956 occurred few years before the independence, in 1960. Once again, all the human energies of the country were focused on this cycle, which "petrolized" and urbanized the coast. This cycle reinforced the social hierarchies that pre-existed while adding new ones : national professional categories separated "Expatriates" from "Africans", and "Managers" from "Non Managers". An oil ideology was emerging. Written, it served both the Gabonese state and the oil company. Meanwhile, an orality of an injured memory was spoken among the lower classes of society. These memories were mixing, getting richer with the impact of politics and religion through collective or individual strategies of identity defence
M'Voubou, Makaya. "Les paléoenvironnements sédimentaires fini-holocènes des trois lacs du Gabon (Kamalété, Nguène et Maridor) : études sédimentologique et biogéochimique." Perpignan, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PERP0578.
Full textThe study of deposits of three lakes of Gabon revealed: At Kamalété two episodes were recovered: from 1410 to 520 BP, one observes the end of forest deterioration that central Africa knew between 2500-2000 BP. This episode is marked by a low lake level and a landscape slightly forester. Then, from 520 BP until today a wetter episode is characterized by a high lake level and a landscape increasingly forest. At Nguène, one notes three episodes. From 4110 to 2540 BP, a wet phase is characterized by a primary forest and a marshy environment receiving irregular fluxes from Abanga river. From 2540 to 1950 BP, forest deterioration is marked by an opening of the landscape and a marshy environment where sandy fluxes of Abanga river gradually disappeared. Lastly, from 1950 BP until today, one observes a new wet phase marked by a high lake level, a permanent communication between the lake and Abanga river and by a late forest renewal which took place only as from 990 BP. At Maridor, one notes three episodes. Former to 3795 BP, an immersion of the site would indicate a wet phase characterized by a marshy environment. During the second episode an emergence is due to a climate slightly wet around 3795 BP, it shows a podzolisation of the deposits. Lastly, the third episode of installation of the lake goes from ca. 3500 BP until today. It reveals three sub-episodes of which first going from 3500 to 2190 BP shows the forest deterioration that central Africa knew between 2500-2000 BP. This sub-episode is marked by a gradual opening of the landscape
Bouyou, Jean-Marie V. "La production de l'espace urbain au Gabon : une étude sur Libreville." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H032.
Full textNguema, Ondo Saint-Cyr. "La problématique des équipements éducatifs dans les nouveaux quartiers de Libreville au Gabon." Grenoble 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE29045.
Full textDiop, O'Ngwero Ibrahime Roger. "L'établissement de l'étranger au Gabon : contribution à l'affirmation de l'identité nationale au Gabon." Bordeaux 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR1D009.
Full textThis is a reflexion imposed by the living consequences of very important alliens valid and undertaking beside gabonese population desarticulated. The domination lied betwen them is highly contradictory with the universal oder of human juriducal treatment. The correction must be done urgently. It is necessary to distinguish in the various peoples of the country the national gabonese and alliens, tanks to nationality rehabilited. That implies firstly the revision of the alliens rights and secondly, benefits by giving them an approach more favorable for their legal status, and thirdly permits to thinking of some points conflicts of laws, mobile or interpersonal conflicts. For the abstract persons, it is the question of searching a control of economic activite in gabon. That could standarlize by uniformity of applicable law. But contraty the mixed up characters of societies and the origine of the capital and participants being up the question of political status. Justely, the investigation made in the nationality confirm the control like criterion prefered to determine the nationality and to use control of societies. The solution is necessary an elevation of gabonese whomust be endowed with all assets considered as international values of management and administration resulting very performant and competitive
Ekang, Mve Arielle. "Les couples gabonais et l’assistance médicale à la procréation à Libreville : sorcellerie et filiation." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0637.
Full textThis academic dissertation is a reflection on the mode of management of infertile couples in Gabon. It gives a peculiar eyesight on the introduction and reception of medically assisted procreation ((MAP) in the Gabonese collective imagination. This research analyses in-depth, behavior, beliefs as to domestic infertility and the new reproductive techniques. Besides, this study reports changes/evolutions of family solidarity towards infertile couples. Many field data give rise to the opinion that medically assisted procreation would be the ultimate mean for fighting infertility regardless of its pretended witchcraft origins. Infertile couples hence find in such method the opportunity to take the spell off themselves, and also to free themselves from the "children threatening ogre" label. Individualization of Gabonese society implies that fostering is less approved: couples hence seek through medically assisted procreation a biological child rather than social
Zuhaira, Ali A. A. "Computational investigation of flow over gabion spillways." Thesis, Swansea University, 2018. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa40796.
Full textMbina, Mounguengui Michel. "Dynamique sédimentaire et fluctuations eustatiques au cours du cénomanien et du turonien dans le nord du bassin côtier gabonais." Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOS004.
Full textM'Badi-Madouma, Ponce Achille. "Examen du potentiel touristique en matière de développement : Choix alternatif pour le Gabon?" Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE0030.
Full textEngo, Assoumou Hugues-Cyrille. "Voirie et structuration urbaine dans la croissance de la ville de Libreville (Gabon)." Grenoble 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE29001.
Full textWolff, Paul Eric [Verfasser]. "Hydrothermal circulation from very high to low temperatures in the lower oceanic crust : evidence from layered gabbros from the Oman ophiolite and from partial melting experiments on oceanic gabbros / Paul Eric Wolff." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek und Universitätsbibliothek Hannover (TIB), 2014. http://d-nb.info/1059517434/34.
Full textNziengui, Marcellin. "Apports des technologies d'observation de la terre pour la production de l'information environnementale en Afrique centrale : l'exemple du Gabon : application à la composante forestière." Marne-la-Vallée, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MARN0251.
Full textMavoungou, Jacques François. "Écologie et rôle vecteur des stomoxes (Diptera : Muscidae) au Gabon." Montpellier 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON30075.
Full textStomoxyine flies are hematophagous and represent, for man and his domestic animals, a plague by their direct harmful effect (harassing and blood predation), and they can be at the same time potential vectors of pathogenic agents. Those of the afrotropical region remain still badly known. The study of populations trapped in eight localities from Gabon made possible to identify seven species: Stomoxys calcitrans, S. N. Niger, S. N bilineatus, S. Omega, S. Inornatus, S. Transvittatus, and S. Xanthomelas. Population survey was carried out for 13 months in Makokou, along a transect crossing three environments: primary forest, secondary forest and a strongly anthropized area (a village). Results showed the major influence of each type of environment on the abundance of flies. The abundance was low in primary forest and very high in secondary forest and anthropized medium The S. Xanthomelas species is characteristic of the forest area while the S. N bilineatus species is strongly localised in the savannah zones. Except S. Omega, which is a crepuscular species, other species have a diurnal activity. The daily activity of the various species varies according to the environment. In primary forest they present a unimodal activity while in the two other media they have a bimodal activity. The stomoxyine flies take their bloodmeals on various vertebrate hosts of wild or domestic fauna, and sometimes on the man. The S. Transvittatus species is ubiquist, and mainly takes his bloodmeals on duikers (Cephalophus spp) while S. Xanthomelas prefers monkeys (Cercopithecus spp. )
Nziengui, Yvon PL. "Les bas-fonds de Libreville (Gabon) : un enjeu de développement urbain et d'aménagement." Bordeaux 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR30075.
Full textThe site of Libreville is characterized by a hilly landscape, makes of hills, but especially boxed small valleys and wide swampy valleys: the slums. At first, the city evolved on hills and zones exshowers, avoiding systematically the stiff slopes, the boxed small valleys and the swampy zones. With the increase in population of the 1970s and in the absence of any planning, the urbanization continued in the slums creating sub-integrated districts where concentrate the main urban troubles. In the physical depressions thus settled down the social depressions, making of Libreville a city mined by the urban problems of any orders. The floods, the landslides and the collapses coexist with the insalubrity and the problems of health, the poverty and the precarious living conditions. The slums, still called matitis or mapanes, represent more than 80 % of the built surface today and are the expression of a not mastered urban growth. For a long time indicated as spaces of socio-spatial segregation, matitis is henceforth places of social coeducation where meet themselves populations of various social classes. To envisage the development of the Gabonese capital supposes the drastic arrangement and the viabilisation of mapanes. It also supposes that the local authorities take in hand and supervise the urban growth. For that purpose, the application of the principles of good governance turns out authoritarian in a city which lived at the rate of the more or less scandalous diversions of the public deniers. The eradication of matitis is a challenge for authorities and a chance for thousands of populations which live there
Balondji, Steeve. "Du mariage aux cohabitations sans mariage : dynamique d’un rapport nouveau à l’institution matrimoniale, aux rôles familiaux entre générations et entre sexes au Gabon." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0536.
Full textThis thesis is a reflection on the cohabitations outside marriage in Gabnon. It analyzes the changes in the process of marital union, in sexuality, in the family solidarity necessary to the constitution of the dowry or marital deal of a close relative who wishes to get married, in family roles with regard to sex and generations. Our conclusions show that marriage no longer constitutes the family basis and unions outside marriage also known as cohabitation have become the first stage leading to the union. With regard to the new forms of conjugality and to the aspiration of the couples, we notice that rules and forms of "traditional" matrimoniality reconstitute with the current transformations. The current process of social individualization reflects a changing society whose mechanisms are fueled by "traditional" as well as "modern" considerations. The Gabonese modernity is based on various cultures stemming from ethnic mix and from social models coming from outside
Castelain, Teddy. "Hydrothermal fluid flow through gabbros at IODP site 1309, Atlantis Massif, Mid-Atlantic Ridge." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21120/.
Full textEhazouambela, Doris. "L’islam au Gabon : socio-anthropologie politique d’une minorité confessionnelle." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0675.
Full textThis study deals with Islam in urban areas in Gabon and aims at showing that Islam, as a primarily urban phenomenon, is now an integral part of the social, religious, economic and political environment of Gabon. Islam is considered a minority religion on a social level, and is practiced by a population consisting primarily of immigrants. However, due to conversions Islam currently occupies the second place among the religions of the Book in Gabon. The unique dynamics of islam in Gabon allow us to understand Gabonese social reality not only through the study of models and patterns, which preside over it in part, but also through the lens of religious practices, which demonstrate that that society is constantly in the process of renewing itself. In this way, we can examine how Islam structures historical situations and social organizations, as well as the existing gaps between "official" aspects of society and its social practices. Islam in Gabon is a minority religion that accomplished its social development and constructed its uniqueness on the local level, assisted by members of "political society" themselves converted to the faith of Mohammed, the Mamadous. These individuals consider Islam as one of their managing domains capable of reinforcing the power of the hegemonic block. In this way, the conversion to islam of President El Hadj Omar Bongo Ondimba and his entourage, combined with his political longevity, has established an imaginary in the Gabonese society, that is to say, a place for the construction of its social, economic and political history, both before and after the independence of the country. Thus, for the "political society", Islam in Gabon is one of the central elements of political and economic power, and it is constitutive of the dialectic of accumulation of "powers" of the reign of President Omar Bongo Ondimba. By bringing Gabonese population into new contingencies – notably religious - African modernity has tended to substitute lineages : that of the clan by that of the national community, that of the Church by that of the Mosque. This is "deparentelisation" which means an emphasis on social and political relations. Thus, through the conversion of deparentelized persons, the Mamadou and the Makaya, islam reconfigures and reconstructs the positions of the social and political relations in Gabonese society. Therefore, Islam in Gabon is part of the power structure called "phantom power" that operates on the basis of both visibility and invisibility
Nkoma, Ackye Gisele. "Les familles recomposées au Gabon : réalité, enjeux et discours dans l’exercice de la fonction parentale." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0548.
Full textIn Gabonese society, blended families were traditionally due to fostering, levirate and sororate marriages, widow(er) hood, and polygamy which presented the advantage of allowing the family to function as an institution. Yet today, divorces, separations, remarriages and cohabitation have given way to new forms of blended families where the parental link is increasingly based on selection, which creates competition between blood relations and voluntary relations. These changes, which touch the social redefinition of relations within blended families, have been made possible with the adoption of a civil code since Gabonese families have gone from genealogical relations to biological relations. These relations celebrate the triumph of the conjugal family. In addition, the arrangements of the civil code have disqualified the statuses and cultural mechanisms that had previously permitted parents to raise children that were not theirs. From that point, the question of social redefinition of family relations was at the heart of the debate. In this context where endogenous and exogenous cultural logics confront each other, the joint exercise of the parental function within blended families is either legitimized or damaged. When it is legitimized, the real status of the spouse is hidden and the spouse assumes the role of social father or mother of a child. When it is legitimized, the real status of the spouse is unveiled and their position as the social parent by marriage is denied, they become a simple foster father or stepmother
Zue, Elibiyo Mexcent. "Transmission intergénérationnelle des langues au Gabon : une étude à partir des usages déclarés." Grenoble 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE39052.
Full textWith the notice that, today, Gabonese ethnic languages are less spoken by the young, parents become more concern with the necessity to pass on their language to their children. The approach adopted here is based on the analysis of endogroup and exogroup phenomena. We examine, on the one hand the interaction process among members of a linguistic group, and on the other hand the relationships that speakers of different ethnic languages may have one another. Our study is backed upon declared usages stemming from a survey carried out in two Gabonese cities (Libreville and Lambaréné), chosen because of their multiethnic feature. It comes out from this survey that the family still stands as a trustworthy element for the transmission of ethnic languages in Gabon. However, conscious of the fact that the only domestic unit seems not sufficient enough for the maintaining of ethnic languages, we must consider their introduction in the curriculum. But with regard the failure of the various attempts to introduce ethnic languages in the education system, we start wondering about the range of the linguistic policies implemented on the national level. The review of these policies allows us to conclude that the learning of Gabonese ethnic languages needs first a language planning. Their statute is still precarious before the imperialism of the colonial language, French
Billard, Emeric. "Nouveaux acteurs, vieilles habitudes : l'implantation des opérateurs forestiers asiatiques au Gabon à l'heure de la transition vers la gestion durable." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MNHN0040.
Full textThe rise of Asian interests has been one of the most significant developments faced by the logging industry in Gabon over the past two decades. Perceived as participating in China's strategy for access to natural resources in Africa, their presence raises concerns that highlight different webs of interests, both complementary and antagonistic, between a so called weak state and supposedly aggressive investments. This thesis aims to better understand these complex dynamics. The approach is interdisciplinary and examines society-environment relations through the lens of logging in Gabon. Based primarily on the socio-political and economic components of this industry, the analysis highlights the opportunistic character of the strategies employed by logging companies, by the State and by state officials. The shift to sustainable management fosters a hybrid form of forest governance, which favors the most adaptable economic strategies – notably those of Asian operators
Mougamba, Rigobert. "Chronologie et architecture des systèmes turbiditiques cénozoïques du prisme sédimentaire de l'Ogooué (Marge Nord-Gabon)." Lille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL10082.
Full textLes corps progradants sont représentés par des séquences de dépôt de 0. 5 à 5 Ma. La rampe paléogène comprend les trois éventails turbiditiques majeurs alimentés par de grands canyons, par contre, le système deltaïque montre des petits éventails à des vallées incisées et à des distributaires deltaïques. Douze lithofaciès fondamentaux correspondant à cinq environnements de dépôt ont été caractérisés sur carottes. Les debris flows et les faciès sableux de chenaux sont dominants dans les canyons miocènes, au droit du paléo-Ogooué. Le remplissage de ces canyons présente des séquences de groupement de chenaux d'origine allocyclique, en relation avec la structuration de la marge. Par contre, les séquences de remplissage des chenaux seraient liés à des processus d'avulsion. Leur superposition détermine une architecture générale rétrogressive, en relation avec une remontée du niveau marin relatif ; les chenaux deviennent corrélativement plus méandriformes. Les canyons éloignés du dépôt-centre présentent un remplissage contouritique dominant. Ce travail souligne la prédominance du forçage tectonique dans la construction du prisme de l'Ogooué
Mamboundou, Rauland. "La stratégie de l'entreprise agroindustrielle au Gabon : processus d'intégration du paysan et de développement en milieu rural." Paris 8, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA081958.
Full textNyangui, N'Na Santia Mariel. "Le droit gabonais de la famille entre tradition et modernité." Perpignan, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PERP1163.
Full textMvone, Mbie Paul. "Croissance urbaine et développement dans une capitale africaine en pleine mutation : Libreville." Rennes 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN20030.
Full textThe advent of specialization in Gabon due to the internationalization of the capital remains - far beyond the vicissitudes of history - the foundation of the sociological upheavals registered in this field. Nevertheless, the effects are so far slow to arouse the national integration, key-factor for the social progress for the emancipation of the national population. In fact, as a positively demographical phenomena, but a fundamentally sociological nature, the urban growth of Libreville remains at the same time the condensed and localized expression of the national development. Compendium of the fringes of society, the crises of decentralization and town and country planning that the urban growth socially but indirectly displays - considered from the point of view of the dynamic of specialization by the international division of work - are so many patents traces of these fringes. The only suitable therapy consists in the institution of a rational planification. However, the preliminary and compulsory condition is the advent of a really independent state, which is the judicial and thus legitimate emanation of the civil society
Aperano, Marc. "Ajustement fiscal et performances économiques au Gabon." Nancy 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN20009.
Full textOwanga-Biye, Gervais. "Les marchés urbains au Gabon : le cas de Libreville." Bordeaux 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR30023.
Full textEssogo-Ba-Mintsa, Gabin. "Décentralisation municipale et modes de gestion de l'espace urbain : l'exemple des villes de la province de l'estuaire au Gabon." Grenoble 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE29027.
Full textAbessolo, Mewono Fred-Paulin. "L' automobile à la conquête du Gabon des années 1940 aux années 1980 : de l'introductionà la généralisation du quatre roues." Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX10031.
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