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1

Weber, Oliver. "Einfluss des Bildaufbaus in Narrativen auf die Erzählkomplexität von Vorschulkindern – eine empirische Vergleichsstudie." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 62 (September 12, 2019): 146–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.62.2019.447.

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The aim of the present study was to test the influence of picture composition on the narrative complexity of preschool children, and to compare the different procedures of the Cat Story of Hickmann (2002) and the Fox Story of Gülzow & Gagarina (2007) with the Baby Birds and Baby Goats Story of MAIN, by Gagarina et al. (2012). For this purpose, 27 children between the ages of 5;01 and 6;09 were tested with both variants to check whether a macro-structurally controlled picture structure would lead to more complex stories. The results show that narratives with a Goal-Attempt-Outcome structure, i.e. the Baby Birds and Baby Goats Stories, make children with increasing age tell more complex stories by means of a rise in story complexity than the narratives of Hickmann and Gülzow & Gagarina without that structure.
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2

Gagarina, Natalia, and Dagmar Bittner. "Studies on the development of grammar in German, Russian and Bulgarian." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 33 (January 1, 2004): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.33.2003.192.

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The papers of this 33th volume of the ZAS Papers in Linguistics present intermediate results of the ZAS-project on language acquisition. Currently we deal with the question of which functions children assign to the first grammatical forms they use productively. The goal is to identify grammatical features comprising the child's early grammar. This issue is investigated within the analyses of longitudinal data (cf. the papers of Gagarina/Bittner, Gagarina, Kühnast/Popova/Popov, Bewer) as well as within experimental research (see the papers of Bittner, Kühnast/Popova/Popov). The main topic of this volume is the acquisition of definite articles and verbal aspect. Bewer – who has worked as a student assistant in the project for a long time and wrote her MA-thesis on the topic of the project – investigates children's acquisition of gender features in German. Kühnast/Popova/Popov discuss the correlations between the acquisition of definite articles and verbal aspect in Bulgarian. Bittner presents results of an experimental study on definite article perception in adult German. Gagarina traces the emergence of aspectual oppositions in Russian and examines the validity of the 'aspect before tense' hypothesis for L1-speaking children. Additionally, the paper of Gagarina/Bittner deals with the interrelation between the acquisition of finiteness and verb arguments in Russian and German.
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3

Vorobyeva, Olga. "Morphologische Verbfehler in elizitierten Narrativen bei russisch-deutsch bilingualen Kindern im Grundschulalter." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 62 (September 12, 2019): 118–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.62.2019.446.

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This paper focuses on morphological verb errors in elicited narratives of Russian-German primary school bilinguals. The data was collected from 37 children who were separated into four groups according to the age and language acquisition type (simultaneous and successive). The Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN) (Gagarina et al. 2012) was used for data collection. The narratives produced in mode telling after listening to a model story were analysed and morphological verb errors in Russian and German were classified. Therefore, the error classification of Gagarina (2008) for Russian monolingual children was expanded and for the classification of German errors an own classification was suggested. Errors in Russian typically produced by monolinguals and unique bilingual errors as well were documented. The results show that the language of the environment (German) increases with age. Older children make fewer errors than younger ones. Nevertheless, a strong heterogeneity between children within each group can be observed.
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4

PESCO, DIANE, and ELIZABETH KAY-RAINING BIRD. "Perspectives on bilingual children's narratives elicited with the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives." Applied Psycholinguistics 37, no. 1 (December 9, 2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716415000387.

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This Special Issue is all about the stories of children: preschool- and school-age children; bilingual and monolingual children; children developing typically or identified as having a specific language impairment (SLI); and children speaking and experiencing one or more of the following languages: English, Finnish, German, Greek, Hebrew, Italian, Russian, Slovak, Swedish, and Turkish in minority or majority language contexts. The stories are fictional ones, about baby birds and baby goats, a cat and a dog: a cast of characters the reader will come to know well as they read the Introduction (Gagarina, Klop, Tsimpli, & Walters, 2016) and individual articles. They were collected using a new narrative assessment tool that is common to all the articles within the issue: the Language Impairment Testing in Multilingual Settings—Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (LITMUS-MAIN; Gagarina et al., 2012, 2015), described at some length by its developers in the Introduction to the Special Issue.
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5

Galimova, Elena Š., Aleksandr M. Polikarpov, and Sabine Korin. "Russland und Deutschland im Schicksal und Schaffen des Schriftstellers Eugen Gagarin." Zeitschrift für Slawistik 64, no. 3 (August 6, 2019): 360–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/slaw-2019-0021.

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Summary Little is known about the life and literary creations of Eugen Gagarin. This article deals with the facts known so far and explores archive material to expand and partially correct them. The writer Evgenij Andreevich Gagarin (1905‒1948) was born in the province of Arkhangelʼsk (Archangelʼskaja gubernija) and emigrated to Germany in 1933, where he started writing. Until his tragic accidental death in 1948 he wrote various oeuvres in German and in Russian, including the 1948 novel Vozvraščenie Korneta (‘The Return of the Cornet’), which bears autobiographical features. First published in Russia in 1991, it initiated the acquisition of his works in Russia. This article seeks to contributes to the academic analysis of Gagarin’s Œuvre by systematizing and completing the biographical data on Eugen Gagarin and his family, as well as the information on the publications of Gagarinʼs works.
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6

Cyuńczyk, Marta. "Inspiracje Grigorija G. Gagarina i jego rola w procesie kształtowania stylu rosyjsko - -bizantyńskiego w architekturze dziewiętnastowiecznego Imperium Rosyjskiego – zarys zagadnienia." Porta Aurea, no. 20 (December 21, 2021): 56–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/porta.2021.20.03.

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The paper represents an attempt to outline Grigory G. Gagarin’s artistic interests and his influence on creating one of the national style variants in the 19th -century Russian Empire: the Russian -Byzantine style. This article is not only a selection of theoretician’s quotes, but also an attempt to create an appropriate background and clear context for his theses. Moreover, the paper is to constitute a coherent outline of his thoughts having an impact on the creating of the national style and the search for architectural inspiration from selected periods of history. An interesting fact is that because of Gagarin’s first attempts to develop consistent norms and determinants of inspiration, among others, for architects and artists, he created foundations to formulate in the future a clear theoretical assumption of the Russian -Byzantine style. What is more, the theoretician did not avoid the confrontation of Russian art with Western European culture. Gagarin tried to not only indicate the relationships between the evolution of specific styles in art and architecture, but also their mutual influences and consequences. In the paper’s narration another important thread in the theoretician’s activity is also mentioned: his attitude to the cultural heritage of the North and South Caucasus. In the 19th century, the region’s territories formed the southwestern borders of the Russian Empire, and moreover they were the destinations of Gagarin’s diplomatic activities for the Romanov dynasty and the Russian Empire. The paper is an introduction to further research not only into Gagarin’s position in the process of creating the national style in the Russian Empire in the19th century. Furthermore, the research will bring up his functioning in the Western European artistic-cultural society of that time and his attempts to find mutual inspiration in Western and Eastern Europe.
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7

Argus, Reili, and Andra Kütt. "Acquisition of referentiality in elicited narratives of Estonian-speaking children." Open Linguistics 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 133–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opli-2022-0187.

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Abstract This study addresses the acquisition of referential expressions in pre-schoolers’ narratives in Estonian. A total of sixteen 6- to 7-year-old typically developing monolingual Estonian children were tested using the story “Baby Goat” from the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN) (Gagarina, Natalia, Klop, Daleen, Kunnari, Sari, Tantele, Koula, Välimaa, Taina, Balciuniene, Ingrida, Bohnacker, Ute and Walters, Joel. 2012. “MAIN: Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives.” ZAS Papers in Linguistics 56, 1–140, Gagarina, Natalia, Klop, Daleen, Kunnari, Saru, Tantele, Koula, Välimaa, Taina, Bohnacker, Ute and Walters, Joel. 2019. “MAIN: Multilingual assessment instrument for narratives – Revised.” ZAS Papers in Linguistics 63). The objective was to understand how children introduce a new referent and how they maintain referents in their storytelling, and what correlation could be observed between the length of the story and the average length of the reference chain. Qualitative analyses revealed that children generally introduced new referents using bare nouns; they also generally used bare nouns for further reference. NPs consisting of a noun and a determiner were more frequently used for main characters in the story, while bare nouns were preferred for other characters. The influence of the typological character of Estonian can be observed in the use of zero references and pragmatically driven word order in children’s utterances. In general, the length but not the complexity of the story was correlated with the average number of reference units in a chain.
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8

Popov, A. D. "Space Superhero: Formation of the Cult of Yuri Gagarin in the Context of the Relationship between Power and Society in the USSR." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 3(54) (2021): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2021-3-29-37.

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Based on the archival and published documents, materials of periodicals and other sources, the article characterizes the formation of a cult of the first Soviet astronaut Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin during the period from April 12 to May 1, 1961. According to the author, the basis of this cult was put by the decisions of the supreme authorities of the USSR on a personal initiative of Nikita Khrushchev and included the following elements: 1) astronaut's rewarding with the state awards and distinctions; 2) inclusion of the first space flight date in the memorial calendar; 3) making decision on the creation of the memorial constructions connected with Gagarin’s name. On this basis, various practices, rituals, and discourses connected with Gagarin’s cult that in general corresponded to the mechanisms of personal glorification during the Stalin’s period in the 1930s and during the Great Patriotic War were built on. The local authorities, separate labor collectives and individual actors seeking to make the contribution to Gagarin's celebration actively participated in the process within the limits of their powers and opportunities. It was expressed in such forms as assignment of Gagarin’s name to various objects, generation of prizes and production initiatives, writing amateurs’ poems on the space theme for the Soviet press, etc. The USSR authorities encouraged the maximum distribution of the Gagarin’s cult throughout the country; however, various initiatives "from below" became noticed and were supported only when they promoted implementation of the consolidating, mobilizational and educational scenarios of the power.
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9

Shestakova, M. V., and O. K. Vikulova. "Diskussiya po povodu stat'i V. I. Gagarina «Diabeticheskaya nefropatiya v usloviyakh Kraynego Severa»." Diabetes mellitus 7, no. 1 (March 15, 2004): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/2072-0351-5902.

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10

Shestakova, M., and O. Vikulova. "Diskussiya po povodu stat'i V. I. Gagarina ?Diabeticheskaya nefropatiya v usloviyakh Kraynego Severa?" Diabetes mellitus 7, no. 1 (March 15, 2004): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/dm2004148-49.

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11

LINDGREN, JOSEFIN. "Effects of age and stimulus material on character introductions of Swedish-speaking four- to six-year-olds." Journal of Child Language 45, no. 2 (August 18, 2017): 526–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000917000319.

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AbstractThis study investigates effects of age on character introductions in the oral narratives of seventy-two monolingual Swedish-speaking four- to six-year-olds, comparing results from the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN; Gagarina et al., 2012, 2015), and the Edmonton Narrative Norms Instrument (ENNI; Schneider et al., 2005). The proportion of appropriate referring expressions for introducing story characters clearly increases from age four to six. However, the children's performance is strongly stimulus-dependent. All age groups perform better on MAIN than on ENNI. One should thus be careful when drawing conclusions about the age at which children are able to use referring expressions appropriately.
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12

Ezeizabarrena, Maria José, and Isabel García del Real. "The Spanish adaptation of MAIN." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 64 (August 31, 2020): 211–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.64.2020.576.

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In this paper, we present some features of the European Spanish adaptation of the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (LITMUS-MAIN), most of them related to specificities of the Spanish grammar as compared to English, the source language of the original MAIN (Gagarina et al., 2012). These two languages differ in e.g. 1) the use of 3rd grammatical person to address the hearer; 2) the ways of maintaining nominal cohesion: English (non-pro drop) vs. Spanish (pro-drop); 3) the verbal paradigm with regard to morphological tense and aspect morphology. Finally, preliminary results for micro- and macrostructure measures in the narratives of children with Spanish as L1 and L2 confirm their consistency across MAIN stories and procedures.
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13

GAGARINA, NATALIA, DALEEN KLOP, IANTHI M. TSIMPLI, and JOEL WALTERS. "Narrative abilities in bilingual children." Applied Psycholinguistics 37, no. 1 (December 9, 2015): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716415000399.

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The number of bilingual children is growing dramatically all over the world. In 2010 the International Organization of Migration documented 214 million migrants worldwide, many bilingual (Koser & Laczko, 2010). One of the challenges arising from the rapid increase of bilingual children is scientifically grounded assessment of linguistic proficiency in both of a child's languages in various language domains. Assessment in both languages is especially important to avoid misdiagnosis of language impairment. Specific language impairment (SLI) is among the most prevalent impairments, estimated to affect 7%–10% of children entering formal education (Grimm, 2003; Tomblin, Smith, & Zhang, 1997). Assessment tools for bilinguals in both the home language and the majority language are often lacking (for exceptions, see Gagarina, Klassert, & Topaj, 2010; Schulz & Tracy, 2011).
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14

BOHNACKER, UTE. "Tell me a story in English or Swedish: Narrative production and comprehension in bilingual preschoolers and first graders." Applied Psycholinguistics 37, no. 1 (December 9, 2015): 19–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716415000405.

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ABSTRACTThis study examines macrostructural aspects of narrative skills in 52 bilingual Swedish- and English-speaking children age 5–7. Elicited fictional story production and comprehension tasks were administered in parallel fashion in both Swedish and English (Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives; Gagarina et al., 2012). Scores on the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives were compared across languages; moreover, story structure components in the narratives and answers to probe questions were qualitatively analyzed. Age effects (5-year-olds vs. 6- to 7-year-olds) for macrostructure production and narrative comprehension were evident, but no effect for language (Swedish/English). The results suggest that story structure is invariant across a bilingual child's two languages at a given age, with similar awareness of the intentions and goal-directed behavior of the story protagonists, irrespective of language.
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15

O’Malley, Mary-Pat, and Stanislava Antonijevic. "Adapting MAIN to Irish (Gaeilge)." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 64 (August 31, 2020): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.64.2020.565.

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Irish (Gaeilge) is the first official language of the Republic of Ireland. It is a fast-changing, endangered language. Almost universal bilingualism (i.e. almost all Irish speakers also speak English), frequent code-switching to English, and loan words are features of the sociolinguistic context in which the language is spoken. This paper describes the adaptation of the Language Impairment Testing in Multilingual Settings - Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (LITMUS-MAIN, Gagarina et al., 2019) to Irish. Data was collected using the retell mode (Cat story) and the comprehension questions. Eighteen children participated ranging in age from 5;3 to 8;7 (six female and 12 male). Results suggest that story structure is not sensitive to exposure to Irish at home and indicate that MAIN Gaeilge (Irish) is a promising tool for assessing language in Irish- speaking children from a range of Irish language backgrounds.
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Chondrogianni, Vasiliki, and Morna Butcher. "Adapting the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN) to Scottish Gaelic." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 64 (August 31, 2020): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.64.2020.560.

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This paper describes the rationale for the adaptation of the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (LITMUS-MAIN) (Gagarina et al., 2012, 2015, 2019) to Scottish Gaelic (Gaelic) and presents some preliminary results from the macrostructure measures. Gaelic is a heritage minority language in Scotland being revitalised through immersion education, which spans across all levels of compulsory education (preschool, primary and secondary level). MAIN was adapted to Gaelic for two reasons: (i) to gauge the language abilities of children attending Gaelic immersion schools using an ecologically valid test, and (ii) to help identify areas of language impairment in children with Developmental Language Disorders within a broader battery of language tasks. Preliminary results from the macrostructure component indicate a wider range of Gaelic language abilities in six- to eight-year-old typically developing children in Gaelic- medium education. These results set the stage for future use of the tool within this context.
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Camus, Alondra, and Melina Aparici. "Adapting the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN) to Catalan." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 64 (August 31, 2020): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.64.2020.554.

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The adaptation of the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (LITMUS- MAIN; Gagarina, et al., 2019) to Catalan contributes to advancing our knowledge of the development of children’s narrative skills in a diversity of languages using the same protocol, making it possible to evaluate narratives also in Catalan-speakers. The adaptation of MAIN will be very useful in Catalonia, because it is a region where two official languages (Catalan and Spanish) coexist, Catalan being the language of schooling, so that most of the population is bilingual. However, currently there is no instrument for assessing narrative skills that allows for parallel assessment of Catalan in bilingual children. For these reasons, this adaptation will be of great value to promote the study of narratives in the bilingual population considering Catalan within the possible language combinations. The present paper describes the process of adapting MAIN to Catalan and reports results from the first pilot study using the Catalan MAIN.
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18

Haake, Kristin. "macrostructure of elicited narratives by bilingual children: an analysis of the factor age of onset." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 62 (September 12, 2019): 7–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.62.2019.441.

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In this paper, data from a current study on bilingual language acquisition and language promotion of children is presented. 96 narratives from 32 Turkish-German and Russian-German bilingual children were examined with regard to the acquisition of narrative ability in three rounds of tests. The macrostructure of each narrative was evaluated based on the theories of Westby (2005), Stein and Glenn (1977) and Gagarina et al. (2012). In the quantitative analysis, the factor age of onset (AoO) was considered and therefore, two hypotheses were introduced: 1) There is an influence of AoO on the narrative ability of L2 German bilingual children. And 2) The narrative ability will converge over time and after three years there will be no difference between the groups. Neither of those hypotheses could be confirmed by the examined narrative data. Hence, other influences on narrative ability were discussed in the last chapter and prospects for further research were given. In sum, the article shows that more narrative data of these children should be collected to make a comprehensive conclusion about the influence of AoO on narrative ability.
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Nahnybida, Ruslan. "FRONTLINE CITIES AND TOWNS OF PODILYA DURING THE GREAT WAR: CURRENT STATE OF PRESERVATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BUILDINGS OF THE HEADQUARTERS OF THE SOUTH-WESTERN FRONT IN KAMYANETS-PODILSKYI AND PROSKURIV." Current Issues in Research, Conservation and Restoration of Historic Fortifications 15, no. 2021 (2021): 28–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/fortifications2021.15.028.

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The article provides superficial information about the state of frontline towns and cities of Podilya during the First World War. Documents on the destruction of houses in the first days of the capture of Kamyanets-Podilskyi by Austrian troops are given. The plan of the city of Kamyanets-Podilskyi in 1905, on which there were marked the buildings where the headquarters of the divisions of the South-Western Front in 1915-1916 were located, is used in the article. Selected documents from the archives of the Southern Army concerning the events on the Russian-Austrian Front in 1915-1918, preserved in AGAD, are presented in the article, as well as a brief description of them. The main emphasis in the article is on the condition of the two buildings in which the headquarters of the South-Western Front were located, and the commander of the front, O. Brusilov, probably lived there. The historical past of the house at 38 Lesya Ukrainka Street in Kamyanets-Podilskyi is analyzed and its architectural description is given. Local historians suggest that the building under study was built at the expense of the city as a residence for the reception of guests and delegations by the mayor. During his visit to Kamyanets-Podilskyi on March 30, 1916, Russian Emperor Nicholas II spent the night in the house with his adjutant, Count Vladimir Fredericks. Local historians also suggest that it was here that General Alexey Brusilov planned his famous breakthrough with Russian troops on the Austro-German front. In 1917, General Lavr Kornilov had a conversation in the house with the future Hetman of Ukraine, then General of the Russian Army Pavlo Skoropadskyi, about his participation in the coup and the overthrow of the Provisional Government. The same is done for the house at 4 Gagarina Street in Khmelnytskyi (historical name of the city is Proskuriv). The appendices contain secret maps of the Austrian military command, unpublished drawings and forgotten photographs of the 1920s and 1930s, which show the condition of some cultural heritage sites after the Great (First) World War. Of the large number of the listed real estate objects, only two of the above-described monuments, namely the house at 38 Lesya Ukrainka Street in Kamyanets-Podilskyi and the house at 4 Gagarina Street in Khmelnytskyi, monument protection accounting documentation was prepared. Other real estate objects, mentioned in the publication, in the settlements of Ternopil and Khmelnytskyi regions, which were damaged during the Great War, remain unexplored, unpromising and forgotten.
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Дианов, С. А., and Ю. В. Дианова. "Geocultural Branding of a Modern City: The Cosmic Perm." Nasledie Vekov, no. 2(26) (June 30, 2021): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36343/sb.2021.26.2.001.

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Представлено авторское видение одного из возможных вариантов реализации геокультурного брендинга Перми, актуализирующего тему «космического» наследия советской эпохи, прочно закрепившегося в визуально-эстетической среде города. Ее феноменальное ядро составляют официальная и неофициальная топонимика, городские легенды, места памяти, монументальная скульптура, малые архитектурные формы, тематические мозаики, барельефы и сграффито на фасадах зданий. Использована концепция геокультурного брендинга территорий и городов (Д. Н. Замятин) и теория креативного города (Ч. Лэндри). Проанализировано отражение темы освоения космоса в городском пространстве Перми. Изучены особенности закрепления этой темы в наименованиях улиц, облике объектов общественного и культурного назначения. Выделены имиджевые ресурсы, являющиеся концептуальными основаниями геокультурного бренда «Пермь космическая». Разработана геокультурная схема геобренда, отражающая статус различных имиджевых ресурсов в его структуре. For several years, the authors have been developing possible options for a geocultural branding strategy for Perm. The aim of the study is to develop one of the possible concepts for the implementation of the geocultural branding of Perm, the core of which is the “cosmic” past and present of the city. The theme of the cultural heritage of the Soviet era, associated with the exploration of outer space, is an immanent part of the city’s visual and aesthetic environment. Its phenomenal core is made up of official and unofficial toponymy (“cosmic” names of city streets, boulevards), urban legends and traditions, places of memory, monumental sculpture, small architectural forms, thematic mosaics, bas-reliefs and sgraffitos on the facades of city buildings. The analysis uses the concept of geocultural branding of territories and cities by the Russian scientist Dmitry Zamyatin, as well as the theory of a creative city by the British researcher Charles Landry. The city’s image passport, which constitutes the general conceptual basis of the Cosmic Perm geocultural brand, includes: cosmic names of city streets (Shosse Kosmonavtov [Cosmonauts’ Highway], Ulitsa Kosmonavta Leonova [Cosmonaut Leonov Street], Ulitsa Kosmonavta Belyaeva [Cosmonaut Belyaev Street], Ulitsa Akademika Koroleva [Academician Korolev Street], Bul'var Gagarina [Gagarin Boulevard]), monuments and steles (monument to Yu A. Gagarin), the historically first planetarium in the Urals region, exhibition samples of rocket space technology of the city’s large enterprises, unique museum expositions (Museum of Perm Artillery, Museum of the History of Cosmonautics of the Perm Aviation College named after A.D. Shvetsov), products of street artists. For the first time, the article presents the geocultural scheme Cosmic Perm, which reflects these resources. On the eve of its anniversary (2023), Perm has unique opportunities to launch mechanisms for the implementation of a holistic strategy of geocultural development. It is noted thatPerm has enough image resources to enter the top five comfortable and creative cities in Russia. It is possible to launch a real effective strategy for the geocultural branding of a city, provided that cultural and creative activities by city residents and its resource provision are activated, which is quite within the ability of local business communities and power groups. One must not forget about the potential risks of the practical implementation of the Cosmic Perm geocultural brand. The authors emphasize that local authorities should not prioritize only the goals of promoting the development of domestic educational and event tourism in Perm Krai.
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Tsalolikhin, S. Ya. "New species Eutobrilus Gagarini sp. n. and a review of species of the genus Eutobrilus from graciliformis-group (Nematoda: Tobrilida, Tobrilidae, Eutobrilinae)." Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 326, no. 4 (December 23, 2022): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2022.326.4.303.

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A new species of Eutobrilus gagarini sp. n. from the Leningrad region is described, which is included in the morphological graciliformis-group of the genus Eutobrilus and differs from other species of the group by a high coefficient "b" and a smaller ratio of the length of the spicules to the length of the supplementary row and the ratio of the length of the spicules to the length of the body. A key for determining the Holarctic species of the graciliformis-group is given and the composition and structure of this group as a whole are discussed. The expediency of isolating the morphological graciliformis-group is discussed. The synonymization of the genus Peritobrilus Gagarin, 1993 with the genus Eutobrilus Tsalolikhin, 1981 is confirmed.
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Tsalolikhin, S. Ya. "New species Semitobrilus filipjevi sp. n. from Laos and taxonomic structure of the genus Semitobrilus Tsalolikhin, 1981 (Nematoda: Tobrilida, Tobrilidae, Neotobrilinae)." Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 324, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 525–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2020.324.4.525.

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A description of the new species Semitobrilus filipjevi sp. n. from Laos is given. The new species differs from the other species of the genus by its long head setae. The new species differs from S. pellucidus in the length of the head setae (more than 50% of the head width) and the presence of crystalloids in the body cavity. The new species was discovered in the silty-sandy soil from a forest pond in southern Laos. An identification key of the species and a refined diagnosis of the genus Semitobrilus is provided. The species characters and species composition of the genus Semitobrilus are discussed. It is proposed to synonymize the species S. closlongicaudatus (Gagarin, 1971) with the species S. longicaudatus (Hofmaenner, 1913). The species S. gagarini (Ebsary, 1982) is transferred to the category sp. inq. The length of the head setae is the main character of the species. The presence of crystalloids in the body cavity is an unreliable character. Errors in the descriptions of S. ebsaryi, S. gagarini, and S. pellucidus are discussed. The work used the materials from the collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, including the original slides by I. N. Filipjev.
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Gagarin, Vladimir G., and Kirill P. Zubarev. "MOISTURE REGIME CALCULATION FOR SINGLE-LAYER ENCLOSING STRUCTURES USING DISCRETE-CONTINUAL MATHEMATICAL MODEL." International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering 14, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/2587-9618-2018-14-3-42-49.

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The paper describes moisture regime calculation for single-layer enclosing structures using discrete-continual method. A formula for calculation of moisture potential dependence on time in any enclosing structure section, at any time, under continuous control for temperature distribution, has been derived. Moisture regime calculation results under the proposed method have been compared to results obtained by well-known methods by V.G. Gagarin and V.V. Kozlov for aerated concrete single-layer enclosing structure. It has been found out that the proposed method gives quantitative and qualitative results similar to results obtained using Gagarin’s unsteady-state method.
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Rozhkova, Tatiana. "LITERARY EXPERIENCE OF THE URAL CUTTER AND FORESTER IVAN GAGARIN: SCHOOL READING IN WRITING PRACTICE." Children's Readings: Studies in Children's Literature 22, no. 2 (2022): 319–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/2304-5817-2022-2-22-319-339.

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The article analyses the manuscript of the Ural cutter and forester Ivan Gagarin “Selected memories from my life” written by him in the late 1940s. The writing practice of a non-professional writer is analyzed in the context of the history and culture of the metallurgical Ural district, drawing on folklore, literary material, and materials on the education development of Orenburg Governorate. As a result, the manuscript, although it contains memoirs of a biographical nature, is defined as a collection of stories that tell the readers about the craft tricks of a forester, an avid hunter, and fisherman. The author of the article found some overlaps between Ivan Gagarin’s writings and professional literature narrations, and these allow us to describe the techniques of incorporating literary material into the text. In his prose, the borrowings (such as descriptive phrases, and lines of well-known poetry) are incorporated into the structure of sentences and assume appropriate grammatical forms. For poetic endings of the calendar sketches, Ivan Gagarin changed the poems of Nikolai Nekrasov, Alexey Plescheev, Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko, Mikhail Chehov. The edits are as follows: the author eliminated the patterns that were alien to him and included those of his everyday life; he rearranged the verses in the sequence he needed, and added his own descriptive material. Ivan Gagarin does not mean to destroy his poetic origins. As an illiterate composer looking for opportunities to express his thought accurately, he did not count on the success of his own poetry, represented in the text of the manuscript by the genre form folk rhymes.
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Gagarina, Natalia, and Ute Bohnacker. "A new perspective on referentiality in elicited narratives: Introduction to the Special Issue." First Language 42, no. 2 (December 18, 2021): 171–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01427237211062300.

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This special issue investigates the use of referential expressions in elicited picture-based narratives by children with and without developmental language disorders, across a range of languages and language combinations. All contributions use the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN, Gagarina et al. 2012, 2019). The studies featured in this issue cover monolingual and bilingual children aged 4–11 years, but focus mainly on age 4–7, a period in a child’s life where great strides are made in the development of narrative skills. This collection of papers offers a new perspective on referentiality for several reasons: all studies use the same stimuli and by and large the same procedure for the elicitation of narratives. The stimuli, four picture-based stories, are controlled for comparability of protagonists, plot and story structure. They were designed as a ‘visual’ representation of a multidimensional model of story grammar. This methodological and theoretical base allows for a comparative investigation of referentiality (including reference introduction, maintenance and reintroduction) in narratives, across languages and populations. This introduction addresses theoretical aspects of referentiality in decontextualised discourse and reviews the literature regarding the impact of language-specific referential systems and the age and path of acquisition in typically developing children and children with developmental language disorders. We also discuss methodological aspects of eliciting referentiality in narratives in detail. This introduction thus seeks explanations for the diverse and sometimes contradictory empirical results regarding children’s mastery of referentiality. Finally, an overview of the contributions in the special issue is given.
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Blažienė, Agnė. "Narrative of bilingual children: general productivity and lexical diversity." Taikomoji kalbotyra, no. 7 (November 7, 2015): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/tk.2015.17492.

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The paper deals with the narrative production of developing Lithuanian bilingual children (L1 – Lithuanian, L2 – English). The material was collected in four Lithuanian language schools based in London. The study employs the method of story generation. During the experiment, the participants were asked to tell a story according to a 6 picture sequence Cat Story (Hickmann 2003; Gagarina et al. 2012). There were 100 Lithuanian bilingual children (4-10 years old) from middle-class families involved in the experiment. They all lived in London and attended private Lithuanian schools (~3-6 hours per week). The narratives were recorded, transcribed and morphologically annotated for an automatic analysis of narrative language using CHILDES software. During the analysis, the general productivity and lexical diversity (the number of words, the number of utterances, mean length of utterance, type/token ratio) of the narratives were investigated.The results obtained demonstrate significant differences in productivity and lexical diversity among six age groups. The narratives of older children have been found to be longer; they also include more words, consist of more utterances, which on average are longer. A comparison of bilingual and monolingual children's narratives has revealed that bilingual children are capable of producing more words, while the lexical diversity of nouns, verbs and adjectives is similar in bilingual and monolingual children’s narratives or, in some cases, higher in the narratives of monolingual children. These indicators of productivity and lexical diversity suggest that the native Lithuanian language acquired in a bilingual environment is similar to the Lithuanian language acquired in a monolingual language environment.
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Mimoun, Mouloud. "Gagarine." Hommes & migrations, no. 1334 (July 1, 2021): 227–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/hommesmigrations.13108.

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Cornish, Gabrielle. "Music and the Making of the Cosmonaut Everyman." Journal of Musicology 36, no. 4 (2019): 464–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jm.2019.36.4.464.

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This article repositions the space race as a sonic phenomenon by analyzing music and sounds related to the Soviet space program. Early triumphs such as the orbit of Sputnik I in 1957, Yuri Gagarin’s groundbreaking orbital flight in 1961, and Valentina Tereshkova’s success as the first woman in space in 1963 epitomized the complexities of the cultural Cold War and the utopian underpinnings of the Thaw. Space, the ultimate nonaligned sphere, was a new world for the planting of real and ideological flags. At the same time, these successes were key to reimagining the ideals of Soviet citizenship and national identity in the post-Stalin era. Heating up at a moment of great change and consequence, the space race provides an inroad to examine how music, media, and sound helped spread these emerging values. Drawing on the popular press, radio broadcasts, and variety television performances, this article demonstrates how music was used to humanize the cosmonauts and promote a new personal ethics—one that prized approachability and humility alongside heroism and bravery. The divergent ways that composers and performers celebrated Gagarin and Tereshkova reveal a complex politics of gender during the Thaw. Gagarin, the conqueror, was revered in marches extolling his colonizing feats; Tereshkova, the homemaker, was celebrated with romances and tales of domesticity. By demonstrating the prevalence of new media and the power of participatory practices in the sonic space race, this article contributes to our understanding of the cultural Cold War as a lived and performed experience.
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Lundgren, Lars. "Live From Moscow." Europe on and Behind the Screens 1, no. 2 (November 29, 2012): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18146/2213-0969.2012.jethc018.

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On April 14th, 1961, television viewers across Europe watched live images of Yuri Gagarin being celebrated on the Red Square in Moscow. The broadcast was made possible by the linking of the Intervision and Eurovision television networks, which was the result of cooperation between broadcasters on both sides of the Iron Curtain. By looking into how the co-operation between the OIRT and EBU was gradually developed between 1957 and 1961 this article engages with the interplay between cultural, legal and technological aspects of broadcasting and how the transnational broadcast of Gagarin’s return to Moscow was made possible. The article furthermore argues the need to understand early television in Europe as a dialectic between the national and the transnational and shows how the live transmission network binding the East and West together was the result of an interplay between structures provided by transnational organisations such as the OIRT and EBU, and initiatives by national broadcasting organisations.
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30

Solovyova, I. B. "Our Gagarin." MANNED SPACEFLIGHT, no. 1(34) (March 2, 2020): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.34131/msf.20.1.27-32.

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31

Besançon, Alain. "Le prince Gagarine." Commentaire Numéro 132, no. 4 (October 1, 2010): 1117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/comm.132.1117.

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Dorsey, Zachary A. "Gagarin Way (review)." Theatre Journal 54, no. 3 (2002): 479–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tj.2002.0078.

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ROMAN, WANDA KRYSTYNA. "INFORMACINĖS VISUOMENĖS LINK: NAUJOS DOKUMENTŲ KULTŪROS RADIMASIS IR RAIDA." Knygotyra 58 (January 1, 2012): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/kn.v58i0.1465.

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Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika,ul. Gagarina 11, 87-100 Toruń, PolskaE. mail: wandakr@umk.plKultūra bendrąja prasme dažnai suprantama kaip visuomenės, jos grupių ar atskirų asmenų išsivystymo lygmuo. Europietiškos kultūros modelyje, kuris dažniausiai pateikiamas mokslinėje literatūroje, istorija skirstoma į tam tikrus periodus: antiką, viduramžius, modernizmą ir dabartį. Toks skirstymas sutampa su svarbiausiais žmonijos istorijos periodais, nuo medžioklės ir gamtos gėrybių rinkimo iki agrarinės, industrinės ir galiausiai informacinės visuomenės. Per tą laikotarpį žmonija išvystė kultūrinių sistemų seką – nuo žodinės per rašytinę, spaudos, industrinę iki elektroninės. Kaskart kultūrinė sistema pasikeisdavo dėl informacinės ir komunikacinės revoliucijos; pirmoji revoliucija – kalbos kaip abstraktaus mąstymo produkto atsiradimas; paskui ėjo raštas, spauda, telegrafas, fotografija, kinas, radijas ir televizija, galiausiai – kompiuteris.Visais laikais visuomenei reikėjo komunikacijos priemonių, būdų perduodamoms žinioms užrašyti. Atsiradus raštui, šį vaidmenį atliko dokumentai.Taip prasidėjo dokumentų kultūra, kuri gimė viduramžių raštinėse ir kanceliarijose. Kultūra vystėsi augant visuomenės raštingumui, t. y. daugėjant raštingų žmonių, kurie buvo tiek kultūros kūrėjai, tiek jos vartotojai. Šis procesas šiandien vadinamas IT raštingumu, t. y. gebėjimu naudoti kompiuterį ir naujausias komunikacijų technologijas. Dokumentai ir jų saugojimas yra tam tikros kultūros produktas ir kartu jos terpė bei simbolis. Taigi visuomenės išsivystymo lygį galima matuoti lygmeniu, kurį pasiekė jos dokumentų kultūra, o kultūros sistemas vertinti kaip rašto kultūros vystymosi etapus.Dokumentų kultūra – tai jų autorių ir naudotojų motyvacijos, požiūrių ir elgsenos visuma, kuri atsiranda planingai ir našiai kuriant, renkant, saugant, apdorojant ir vartojant dokumentus, pasitelkiant jų visapusiško tvarkymo metodus ir principus, technikas ir technologijas.Informacijos visuomenė sukūrė naują kultūros tipą – informacijos kultūrą, kuri dažnai tapatinama su gebėjimu naudotis informacija ir jos tvarkymo technologijomis. Šis kultūros tipas, dar vadinamas interneto kultūra, būdingas aukščiausiems žmonijos civilizacijos išsivystymo lygiams. Dokumentų kultūroje šis išsivystymo lygis visų pirma reiškė elektroninio dokumento atsiradimą; nors ir netaikydamas naujų klasifikacijos standartų, šis lygis vis dėlto padidino informacijos dokumentavimo, jos gavimo metodų ir įrankių reikalavimus. Naujoji dokumentų kultūra reiškia, kad kiekvienas visuomenės narys yra pasirengęs dalyvauti informacijos kūrimo ir atgaminimo procesuose. Kultūra yra žmogaus kūrinys, daugybės žmogaus veiklos formų išdava. Žmogus sukūrė ir dokumentų kultūrą, tobulino ją ilgus šimtmečius, taigi ji apima beveik visą žmoniją. Tai svarbiausia kultūros dalis, ir jos vaisiai perduodami iš kartos į kartą kaip kultūros paveldas.
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34

Ambridge, Ben. "Insa Gülzow & Natalia Gagarina (eds), Frequency effects in language acquisition: Defining the limits of frequency as an explanatory concept. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2007. Pp. 422. ISBN 978-3-11-019671-9." Journal of Child Language 37, no. 2 (April 15, 2009): 453–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000909009490.

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35

Brown, Frances. "Editorial: The Gagarin legacy." Space Policy 27, no. 2 (May 2011): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spacepol.2011.04.013.

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36

Clark, Nigel. "Gagarin goes into orbit." New Scientist 192, no. 2578 (November 2006): s10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(06)61011-7.

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Valerij, Kupriyanov, and Losik Alexander. "Contribution of Leningrad Enterprises and Institutions to the Preparation of the First Man’s Space Flight." TECHNOLOGOS, no. 2 (2021): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/perm.kipf/2021.2.09.

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Participation of Leningrad scientists, industrial workers and representatives of other institutions of this city in creation of various components of machines and technical products which assisted in realization of historical space flight of the first manned spacecraft ―Vostok‖ with the citizen of the USSR, major Yury Alekseevich Gagarin has been analyzed in the article. Leningrad citizens – representatives of different professions and specialties, such as opticians, biophysicists, specialties of radio and telecommunication engineering, mathematicians and scientists of gas dynamics, chemistry, digital machinery and others participated in preparation of the first space flight. The author of the article mentions such Leningrad enterprises, scientific establishments and higher institutions as Leningrad metal plant, M.I. Kalinin’s plant, mathematical institute named after V.A. Steklov AS USSR, physical-technological institute named after A.F. Yoffe AS USSR, State optical institute named after S.I. Vavilov, SRI-195, now the Institute of radio navigation and time, State institute of applied chemistr y, AUSRI of Television, special design offices (OKB-448, STKB ―Biophyspribor‖). The role of Leningrad higher institutions, namely Petr Velikyi Polytechnic University, Leningrad University named after A.A. Zhdanov; Leningrad holding the Order of the Red Banner Air Force Academy named after A.F. Mozhaisky has also been emphasized in the considered processes. It has been analyzed technological innovations, technical devices and techn ological decisions of Leningrad citizens participated in preparation and reali zation of the first manned space flight. It is named those scientists and industrial workers who partic ipated in their production as well as those who were awarded State Prizes according to the results of Yu. A. Gagarin’s space flight. It has been mentioned that in definite cases necessary for the flight technics or technical devices were manufactured at the enterprises of the city and tested at the plants ground. Such specific form of Leningrad citizens’ participation in preparing the first manned space flight as the work of one of the teachers from the Air Force Academy aimed at the radio techniques training the Orenburg flight school cadets in the second half 0f 1950s has also been described in the article. Just at that time Yury Gagarin studied in this school.
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Thür, Gerhard. "Michael Gagarin, Writing Greek Law." Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte. Romanistische Abteilung 126, no. 1 (August 1, 2009): 482–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/zrgra.2009.126.1.482.

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George, Alison. "One minute with: Yuri Gagarin." New Scientist 210, no. 2807 (April 2011): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(11)60797-5.

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40

Ruschenbusch, Eberhard. "Early Greek Law. Michael Gagarin." Classical Philology 84, no. 4 (October 1989): 342–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/606077.

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41

Слюнькова, Инесса Николаевна. "Church Murals Based on G. G. Gagarin’s Sketches and an Appeal to the «Builders of Russian Сhurches»." Вестник церковного искусства и археологии, no. 3(4) (August 15, 2020): 130–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31802/bcaa.2020.4.3.009.

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Статья посвящена русскому религиозному искусству второй половины XIX в., вопросам смены художественных формаций от классицизма к историзму и византийскому стилю. Объектом исследования становится творческое наследие вице-президента Императорской Академии художеств князя Г. Г. Гагарина. Предпринята попытка раскрыть его теоретические взгляды на иконографию евангельской темы в украшении храмов, на методы обучения художников, на будущее русского церковного искусства. Рассматриваются авторские проекты Г. Г. Гагарина по убранству и росписям храмов в византийском стиле: Сионский собор в Тбилиси, церковь Мариинского дворца в Санкт-Петербурге, церкви в имении Ореанда в Крыму и селе Сучки на Волге. Часть представленных проектов публикуется впервые. The article is devoted to Russian religious art of the second half of XIX century. It answers some questions of changing artistic formations from classicism to historicism and the Byzantine style. The object of the research is the creative heritage of the vice-president of the Imperial Academy of Arts, Prince G. G. Gagarin. An attempt was made to reveal his theoretical views on the iconography of the gospel theme in decorating churches, on the methods of teaching artists, and on the future of Russian church art. There are some G. G. Gagarin’s projects on church murals in the Byzantine style such as the Zion Cathedral in Tbilisi, the church of the Mariinsky Palace in St. Petersburg, the churches in the Oreanda estate in the Crimea and the village of Suchki on the Volga. Some of the submitted projects are firstly published.
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42

Yakovenko, V. M. "Technique for preparation thin sections of structural soil aggregates of certain size fractions." Fundamental and Applied Soil Science 19, no. 2 (October 18, 2019): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/041911.

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Morphological properties of poil aggregate aer developed in the process of pedogenesis and reflect the complex of structure formation processes. The peds' size, shape, and internal structure are peculiar to each corresponding soil type and genetic horizon. The technique proposed allows preparing thin sections on every sizes of structural units and, in contrast to known methods, it provides not only a ped immobilization in the mass of fixing material, but also pore space saturation with natural resin. It is also possible to prepare the sections with marking of large aggregates orientation in space; it requires application of gypsum marks on the aggregate surface in the process of their sampling from the soil profile. The technique modified consists of following stages: selection of aggregates with required fractions; preparation of sections with separate aggregates larger than 5 mm; preparation of sections with aggregations smaller than 5 mm. In preparation of aggregates larger than 5 mm, a technique similar to that of preparing large soil block samples is used because it makes possible to process each soil aggregate separately. Another approach is required for processing of structural units up to 5 mm in size because it is impossible to prepare a section of individual issue with this size. The problem is solved when the units are saturated and processed not separately, but as a whole block sample which include a mass with peds of separate fraction. For this purpose, it is required to prepare cups comprised of walls from thick paper and a gypsum bottom. For preparation the caps use a gypsum in the form of fine white powder rapidly solidified in addition of water in a certain proportion and forms a firm bottom of the paper сup. Cut out a square of 4×4 cm in size and a strip from thick paper and glue them together to gain a tube of 5 cm in height and 1.5–2 cm in diameter (i.e. 10×5 cm). Apply on the paper squares a prepared gypsum mass sufficient to retention of the paper tube until gypsum hardening. Fill a fraction of aggregates into the prepared cup in one-third of its height and cover it with prepared fixing substance with solvent. Saturation is carried out in accordance with the standard technique of section preparing using natural resins (Gagarina, 2004). After complete saturation, paper cups with a mass of aggregates in them turn into monoliths that should be processed in the same way as large soil samples. As a result of all operations, significant number of structural soil aggregates with same sizes may be found within the section plane.
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43

Ebsary, B. A. "Mononchoides andersoni n.sp. and two new species of Koerneria (Nematoda: Diplogasteridae)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 9 (September 1, 1986): 2012–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-304.

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Mononchoides andersoni n.sp., Koerneria terranovus n.sp., and Koerneria mulveyi n.sp. are described and illustrated from Canadian localities. Mononchoides andersoni n.sp. is characterized by a body length of 1066–1246 μm, a porelike vulva at 36–39%, a tail of 403–439 μm, c′ value of 22(20–26), and telostom base with two small subventral teeth. Koerneria terranovus n.sp. and Koerneria mulveyi n.sp. are unique amongst Koerneria species because of their large a values (53–68), which are at least twice those of other species. Koerneria terranovus females differ from K′. mulveyi by the narrower cheilostom aperture (30 vs. 50% of head width), greater length (1735–1771 μm vs. 1377–1678 μm), smaller c′ value of (11–12 vs. 14(10–18)), shorter cephalic setae (3–3.5 μm vs. 5–6 μm), and linear cheilorhabdions versus isoscheles triangle shaped cheilorhbdions in K′. mulveyi. The males of K. mulveyi have cephalic setae about one half the length of those in the female while the male and female of K. terranovus have cephalic setae of equal length, and the gubernaculum is longer (14 μm vs. 11 μm) in K. mulveyi. New combinations are proposed for species transferred from Mononchoides to Koerneria: K. angarensis (Gagarin, 1983) n.comb., K. ivanegae (Gagarin, 1983) n.comb., K. ruriculus (Gagarin, 1983) n.comb., and K. strenuus (Gagarin, 1983) n.comb. Mononchoides tsalolichini Gagarin and Lemsina (1983) is a lapsus calami for Fictor tsalolichini. Mononchoides aquaticus Dassonville and Heyns (1984) is transferred to Oigolaimella becoming O. aquatica n.comb. Mononchoides fictor (Bastian, 1865) Goodey, 1963 and Koerneria bicornis (Rahm, 1929) Goodey, 1963 are considered to be species inquirendae. Keys to the species of Mononchoides and Koerneria are provided.
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Pontremoli, Édouard. "Youri Gagarine ou l’éloge de l’homme." Les Temps Modernes 642, no. 1 (2007): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ltm.642.0070.

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45

Vlasov, P. N. "60 Years of the FSBO “Yu.A. Gagarin R&T CTC” – the Key for the Future." MANNED SPACEFLIGHT, no. 1(34) (March 2, 2020): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.34131/msf.20.1.7-26.

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The Federal State Budgetary Organization “Yu.A. Gagarin Research &Test Cosmonaut Training Center” is the world-recognized institution that provides the selection and training of cosmonauts and astronauts for space missions aboard manned spacecraft and stations. In 1971, the Cosmonaut Training Center named after Yu.A. Gagarin was awarded the Order of Lenin for success in training cosmonauts, and in 1982 – the Order of Friendship of People for success in training cosmonauts within the framework of the “Intercosmos” program.
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46

Mirhady, David C. "Writing Greek Law by Michael Gagarin." Phoenix 65, no. 1-2 (2011): 166–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/phx.2011.0015.

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47

Rich, Vera. "Inquiry cleared Gagarin of pilot error." Nature 326, no. 6112 (April 1987): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/326430c0.

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48

Bizony, P. "Life and death of Yuri Gagarin." Engineering & Technology 6, no. 3 (April 1, 2011): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et.2011.0304.

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49

Rich, Vera. "Soviet space: Gagarin year tells more." Nature 320, no. 6064 (April 1986): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/320674a0.

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50

Adkins, A. W. H. "Gagarin and the "Morality" of Homer." Classical Philology 82, no. 4 (October 1987): 311–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/367063.

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