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Journal articles on the topic 'Gait impairments'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Hwang, Soree, Jongman Kim, Sumin Yang, et al. "Machine Learning Based Abnormal Gait Classification with IMU Considering Joint Impairment." Sensors 24, no. 17 (2024): 5571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24175571.

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Gait analysis systems are critical for assessing motor function in rehabilitation and elderly care. This study aimed to develop and optimize an abnormal gait classification algorithm considering joint impairments using inertial measurement units (IMUs) and walkway systems. Ten healthy male participants simulated normal walking, walking with knee impairment, and walking with ankle impairment under three conditions: without joint braces, with a knee brace, and with an ankle brace. Based on these simulated gaits, we developed classification models: distinguishing abnormal gait due to joint impair

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Mc Ardle, Ríona, Silvia Del Din, Paul Donaghy, Brook Galna, Alan J. Thomas, and Lynn Rochester. "The Impact of Environment on Gait Assessment: Considerations from Real-World Gait Analysis in Dementia Subtypes." Sensors 21, no. 3 (2021): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030813.

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Laboratory-based gait assessments are indicative of clinical outcomes (e.g., disease identification). Real-world gait may be more sensitive to clinical outcomes, as impairments may be exaggerated in complex environments. This study aims to investigate how different environments (e.g., lab, real world) impact gait. Different walking bout lengths in the real world will be considered proxy measures of context. Data collected in different dementia disease subtypes will be analysed as disease-specific gait impairments are reported between these groups. Thirty-two people with cognitive impairment du

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Kushioka, Junichi, Ruopeng Sun, Wei Zhang, et al. "Gait Variability to Phenotype Common Orthopedic Gait Impairments Using Wearable Sensors." Sensors 22, no. 23 (2022): 9301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22239301.

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Mobility impairments are a common symptom of age-related degenerative diseases. Gait features can discriminate those with mobility disorders from healthy individuals, yet phenotyping specific pathologies remains challenging. This study aims to identify if gait parameters derived from two foot-mounted inertial measurement units (IMU) during the 6 min walk test (6MWT) can phenotype mobility impairment from different pathologies (Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS)—neurogenic diseases, and knee osteoarthritis (KOA)—structural joint disease). Bilateral foot-mounted IMU data during the 6MWT were collected

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Mirelman, Anat, Paolo Bonato, Richard Camicioli, et al. "Gait impairments in Parkinson's disease." Lancet Neurology 18, no. 7 (2019): 697–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(19)30044-4.

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Kondragunta, Jyothsna, Roman Seidel, and Gangolf Hirtz. "Machine learning based identification of elderly persons with cognitive impairment using dynamic time warping." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 6, no. 3 (2020): 360–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2020-3093.

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AbstractCognitive changes in general occur with normal aging. This may lead to the prevalence and effect of age associated diseases. The understanding and identification of these age-related cognitive impairments is an important aspect in elderly population. This leads in the simple case, supporting a functional independence of the elderly and in a complex case, an early identification of dementia in advance. One important change with normal aging is the decline in gait functionality. The decline in gait is more visible in the elderly with more cognitive impairment during dual cognitive tasks,

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Davoudi, Anis, Hang Wang, Ryan Dougherty, Amal Wanigatunga, Alden Gross, and Jennifer Schrack. "POPULATION PREVALENCE OF MOTOR FUNCTION IMPAIRMENTS IN US OLDER ADULTS: THE NATIONAL HEALTH AND AGING TRENDS STUDY." Innovation in Aging 8, Supplement_1 (2024): 367–68. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae098.1195.

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Abstract Motor function impairments reflect physical health status for older adults, which has profound implications for quality of life. However, there is a significant research gap concerning comprehensive, nationally representative data on the prevalence of these impairments, including diminished gait speed, chair stand ability, standing balance, and grip strength, especially among those aged □80 years. We used data from Round 12 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), a nationally representative panel study of U.S. Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years who completed objectiv

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Majeed, Muqadas, Muddasira Bashir, Rimsha Zaheer, Jannat Naveed, Wahaj Khan, and Anbreena Rasool. "ROBOT-ASSISTED GAIT TRAINING IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON DISEASE." Insights-Journal of Health and Rehabilitation 3, no. 3 (Health & Allied) (2025): 157–62. https://doi.org/10.71000/m4ak5a08.

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Background: Gait impairment is one of the most disabling symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD), significantly affecting mobility and quality of life. Parkinsonian gait abnormalities, including freezing and festinating gait, arise from basal ganglia dysfunction due to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, leading to reduced neuronal connections and impaired motor regulation. While pharmacological interventions targeting dopaminergic circuits are effective for some motor symptoms, gait impairments remain largely unresponsive to drug therapy, necessitating alternative management strategies. Bo

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Christian, Josef, Felix Kluge, Björn M. Eskofier, and Hermann Schwameder. "Comparison of different marker sets for marker trajectory and principal component analysis based classification of simulated gait impairments." Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics 3, no. 1 (2016): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jbei.v3n1p10.

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Objective: Many different marker sets have been used in marker trajectory based gait classification approaches. Little knowledge exists about the effects of specific marker sets on the subsequent statistical modeling. Such analysis is often based on principal component analysis. The aim of this study was to test the effect of marker set choice on marker trajectory and principal component analysis based gait classification. Methods: This study tested the performance of principal component analysis based gait classification models with various marker sets on the basis of simulated gait impairmen

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Zhang, Wenhao, Haipeng Dai, Dongyu Xia, et al. "mP-Gait: Fine-grained Parkinson's Disease Gait Impairment Assessment with Robust Feature Analysis." Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 8, no. 3 (2024): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3678577.

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Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) often show gait impairments including shuffling gait, festination, and lack of arm and leg coordination. Quantitative gait analysis can provide valuable insights for PD diagnosis and monitoring. Prior work has utilized 3D motion capture, foot pressure sensors, IMUs, etc. to assess the severity of gait impairment in PD patients These sensors, despite their high precision, are often expensive and cumbersome to wear which makes them not the best option for long-term monitoring and naturalistic deployment settings. In this paper, we introduce mP-Gait, a milli

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Hamre, Charlotta, Brynjar Fure, Jorunn L. Helbostad, et al. "Balance and Gait After First Minor Ischemic Stroke in People 70 Years of Age or Younger: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study." Physical Therapy 100, no. 5 (2020): 798–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzaa010.

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Abstract Background Two-thirds of patients with stroke experience only mild impairments in the acute phase, and the proportion of patients &lt;70 years is increasing. Knowledge about balance and gait and predictive factors are scarce for this group. Objective The objective of this study was to explore balance and gait in the acute phase and after 3 and 12 months in patients ≤70 years with minor ischemic stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score ≤3). This study also explored factors predicting impaired balance after 12 months. Design This study was designed as an explorative

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Fu, Qianyi, Thomas J. Armstrong, and Albert Shih. "Development of a Decision Support System for Ankle-Foot Orthosis (AFO) Design Based on Lumped Parameter Models for Human Locomotion Prediction." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 63, no. 1 (2019): 463–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181319631194.

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This work aims to develop a decision support system (DSS) to help orthotic clinicians design AFOs to correct pathological gait patterns that result from various nerve impairments. The DSS utilizes lumped parameter models to predict key joint angles, step length, and swing and stance durations based on anthropometric data, impairment and AFO design. The predicted gait patterns by DSS were in general agreement with data from available literature. In the presented drop foot example, the DSS shows that increasing AFO stiffness would result in increased stride duration on both sides; proper AFO sti

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Sakurai, Ryota, Hisashi Kawai, Shuich Yanai, et al. "THE EFFECTS OF HEARING LOSS AND MOBILITY DECLINE ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION OF OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (2019): S930—S931. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.3387.

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Abstract Background: Both hearing loss and mobility decline are well-known risk factors of cognitive impairment among older adults. However, the effects of the accumulation of these functional impairments are still unclear. Thus, the present study examined whether the interactive effects of hearing loss and poor gait performance contribute to cognitive impairments. Methods: Hearing loss and gait performance were assessed in 716 community-dwelling older adults at baseline. Pure-tone audiometry was conducted to determine hearing loss at 1 (i.e., low tone) and 4 kHz (i.e., high tone). Poor gait p

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Jamieson, Alexander, Laura Murray, Lina Stankovic, Vladimir Stankovic, and Arjan Buis. "Human Activity Recognition of Individuals with Lower Limb Amputation in Free-Living Conditions: A Pilot Study." Sensors 21, no. 24 (2021): 8377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21248377.

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This pilot study aimed to investigate the implementation of supervised classifiers and a neural network for the recognition of activities carried out by Individuals with Lower Limb Amputation (ILLAs), as well as individuals without gait impairment, in free living conditions. Eight individuals with no gait impairments and four ILLAs wore a thigh-based accelerometer and walked on an improvised route in the vicinity of their homes across a variety of terrains. Various machine learning classifiers were trained and tested for recognition of walking activities. Additional investigations were made re

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Schrack, Jennifer, Amal Wanigatunga, Yurun Cai, et al. "Motor and Sensory Function as Predictors of MCI and Dementia in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA)." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (2021): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.1699.

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Abstract Motor and sensory impairments are linked with dementia risk, but whether there is a joint effect of deficits in motor and sensory function is unknown. We analyzed 649 BLSA participants (aged 72±11 years; 55% women; 68% white) who had concurrent baseline 6-meter usual gait speed and sensory function (vision, hearing) between 2012-2019. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia were adjudicated during an average follow-up of 3 years. We examined the association between baseline gait speed, z-scored sensory function, and a gait*sensory interaction with risk of MCI/dementia using Cox p

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Held, Jeremia Philipp Oskar, Kevin Yu, Connor Pyles, et al. "Augmented Reality–Based Rehabilitation of Gait Impairments: Case Report." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 8, no. 5 (2020): e17804. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17804.

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Background Gait and balance impairments are common in neurological diseases, including stroke, and negatively affect patients’ quality of life. Improving balance and gait are among the main goals of rehabilitation. Rehabilitation is mainly performed in clinics, which lack context specificity; therefore, training in the patient’s home environment is preferable. In the last decade, developed rehabilitation technologies such as virtual reality and augmented reality (AR) have enabled gait and balance training outside clinics. Here, we propose a new method for gait rehabilitation in persons who hav

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Lamb, Carrie A. "Management of Gait Impairments in Older Adults." Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation 33, no. 1 (2017): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/tgr.0000000000000128.

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Mustapa, Amirah, Maria Justine, Nadia Mohd Mustafah, Nursuriati Jamil, and Haidzir Manaf. "Postural Control and Gait Performance in the Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Systematic Review." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9305025.

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Purpose. The aim of this paper is to review the published studies on the characteristics of impairments in the postural control and gait performance in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).Methods. A review was performed by obtaining publication of all papers reporting on the postural control and gait performance in DPN from Google Scholar, Ovid, SAGE, Springerlink, Science Direct (SD), EBSCO Discovery Service, and Web of Science databases. The keywords used for searching were “postural control,” “balance,” “gait performance,” “diabetes mellitus,” and “diabetic peripheral neuropathy.”Results.

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Filippov, Maksim S., Irena V. Pogonchenkova, Gleb M. Lutokhin, and Egor A. Majorov. "Biomechanical aspects of gait impairments after stroke: an analytical review." Russian Journal of Physiotherapy, Balneology and Rehabilitation 23, no. 4 (2025): 205–17. https://doi.org/10.17816/rjpbr640864.

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Restoring gait and balance functions after stroke constitutes a major problem in modern neurology. Post-stroke static and locomotor impairments are the most common disabling consequences that are critical for patients’ quality of life and basic functional independence. This analytical review attempts to comprehensively examine and assess the biomechanical aspects affecting the gait in patients with post-stroke static and locomotor impairments. The review outlines the multifaceted nature of such impairments, including muscle weakness, changes in neuromotor coordination, proprioception and stabi

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Hirvensalo, Mirja Hannele, Jiska Cohen-Mansfield, Shlomit Rind, and Jack Guralnik. "Assessment of Impairments That Limit Exercise and Use of Impairment Information to Generate an Exercise." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 15, no. 4 (2007): 459–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.15.4.459.

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Prescribing the correct exercise program is a challenge for older adults with multiple physiological impairments. The authors evaluated an assessment instrument that incorporates results of multiple categories of impairment, including strength, balance, gait, vision, and cognitive function. The physical therapist made judgments on the relative impact of 9 different impairments on specific exercises and on the total impact of all impairments on particular exercises. In a cohort age 75–85 y, functional limitations, impaired balance, pain, and low physical endurance were estimated to have the lar

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Pau, Massimiliano, Ilaria Mulas, Valeria Putzu, et al. "Smoothness of Gait in Healthy and Cognitively Impaired Individuals: A Study on Italian Elderly Using Wearable Inertial Sensor." Sensors 20, no. 12 (2020): 3577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20123577.

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The main purpose of the present study was to compare the smoothness of gait in older adults with and without cognitive impairments, using the harmonic ratio (HR), a metric derived from trunk accelerations. Ninety older adults aged over 65 (age: 78.9 ± 4.8 years; 62% female) underwent instrumental gait analysis, performed using a wearable inertial sensor and cognitive assessment with the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R). They were stratified into three groups based on their MMSE performance: healthy controls (HC), early and advanced co

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Ayers, Emmeline, and Joe Verghese. "Locomotion, cognition and influences of nutrition in ageing." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 73, no. 2 (2013): 302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665113003716.

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Gait and cognitive impairments in older adults can reflect the simultaneous existence of two syndromes that affect certain brain substrates and pathologies. Nutritional deficiencies, which are extremely common among elderly population worldwide, have potential to impact the existence and rehabilitation of both syndromes. Gait and cognition are controlled by brain circuits which are vulnerable to multiple age-related pathologies such as vascular diseases, inflammation and dementias that may be caused or accentuated by poor nutrition or deficiencies that lead to cognitive, gait or combined cogni

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Windham, B. Gwen, Chad Blackshear, Kevin Sullivan, et al. "AD/NEURODEGENERATION BLOOD BIOMARKER ASSOCIATIONS WITH PREVALENT AND INCIDENT MOBILITY AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT." Innovation in Aging 8, Supplement_1 (2024): 2–3. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae098.0005.

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Abstract Blood biomarkers of Alzheimer Disease pathology (Aβ42, Aβ40, p-tau181) and neurodegeneration (neurofilament light (NFL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)) may identify individuals at risk for mobility and cognitive impairment. Among 1751 ARIC study participants at Visit 5 (V5, 2011-13, mean age 76.2 years (5.3), 41% men, 28% Black), usual gait speed and cognitive status were assessed over 8 years at V5, V6 (2016-17), and V7 (2017-18). Impairment outcomes were mobility-only (gait speed &lt;0.8m/s, n=430), cognitive-only (dementia, n=38), dual (n=54), or neither (referent, n=1

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Santinelli, Felipe Balistieri, Emerson Sebastião, Marcela de Oliveira, and Fabio Augusto Barbieri. "Multiple sclerosis: Implications for future research on postural control and gait." Brazilian Journal of Motor Behavior 14, no. 2 (2020): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20338/bjmb.v14i2.169.

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The objective of this letter is to provide a perspective on the impact of multiple sclerosis (MS) on postural control and gait and suggestions for future studies. Although studies on MS with postural control and gait have been carried out for some time, in Brazil and in the World, there is still insufficient information on MS and impairments in postural control and gait.Postural control and gait impairments are recognized to cause several problems for people with MS, these being two of the symptoms that most affect quality of life.Here, we present studies that have investigated impairments in

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Bohannon, Richard W. "Standing Balance, Lower Extremity Muscle Strength, and Walking Performance of Patients Referred for Physical Therapy." Perceptual and Motor Skills 80, no. 2 (1995): 379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1995.80.2.379.

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The purposes of this study of 30 patients referred to physical therapy were to describe the reliability of two measures of impairment and a measure of gait performance and to examine the relationships between the impairment and gait measures. The impairments measured were standing balance and muscle strength of the lower extremities, the former with a seven-level ordinal scale and the latter with a handheld dynamometer. Gait performance was measured using the seven-category scale of the Functional Independence Measure. Interday reliability was acceptable for all three measures, standing balanc

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De David, Ana C. "Mini-Review: Gait and balance assessment in multiple sclerosis." Brazilian Journal of Motor Behavior 17, no. 4 (2023): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.20338/bjmb.v17i3.357.

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BACKGROUND: Gait and balance deficiencies are significant concerns for people with multiple sclerosis, resulting in reduced walking capacity, falls and poor quality of life. Issues caused by sensory loss and the inability to properly reweight sensory information are often reported. Even at the early stages of the disease, subclinical gait and balance impairments can be found. AIM: In this article, we review objective measures used to assess gait and postural balance impairment in multiple sclerosis patients. INTERPRETATION: Although scales and clinical tests are important tools for assessing p

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Dewidar, Mona Hassan Abbas, Mona Ahmed Kotait, Rasha Ahmed El-Shafey, Wafik Said El-Bahnasy, Azza Abbas Ghali, and Ehab Ahmed Shawky El-Seidy. "Gait and Balance Impairments in Geriatric Populations: An Etiological Study." Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research 36, no. 12 (2024): 389–400. https://doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i125685.

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Background: Elderly was applied to individuals aged 60 years and above. Falls are a significant problem because they result in substantial morbidity and mortality. Several factors increase the risk of falling in older people, such as muscle weakness, gait and balance impairment, neurological dysfunctions, and cognitive decline. This work aimed to study the gait and balance impairments in geriatrics regarding possible etiologies, clinical and radiological approach for diagnosis, as well as their effect on quality of life. Methods: The current study was an observational cross-sectional study car

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Hussain, Iqram, and Rafsan Jany. "Interpreting Stroke-Impaired Electromyography Patterns through Explainable Artificial Intelligence." Sensors 24, no. 5 (2024): 1392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24051392.

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Electromyography (EMG) proves invaluable myoelectric manifestation in identifying neuromuscular alterations resulting from ischemic strokes, serving as a potential marker for diagnostics of gait impairments caused by ischemia. This study aims to develop an interpretable machine learning (ML) framework capable of distinguishing between the myoelectric patterns of stroke patients and those of healthy individuals through Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques. The research included 48 stroke patients (average age 70.6 years, 65% male) undergoing treatment at a rehabilitation center,

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Anemaet, Wendy K., and Michelle E. Moffa-Trotter. "Functional Tools for Assessing Balance and Gait Impairments." Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation 15, no. 1 (1999): 66–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00013614-199909000-00007.

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Rao, A. K., L. M. Muratori, and K. Marder. "16.8 Factors underlying gait impairments in Huntington's disease." Gait & Posture 21 (June 2005): S103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0966-6362(05)80338-8.

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Muňoz, Virginia Mazoteras, Gabor Abellan van Kan, Christelle Cantet, et al. "Gait and Balance Impairments in Alzheimer Disease Patients." Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders 24, no. 1 (2010): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wad.0b013e3181c78a20.

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Nonnekes, Jorik, Evžen Ružicka, Alice Nieuwboer, Mark Hallett, Alfonso Fasano, and Bastiaan R. Bloem. "Compensation Strategies for Gait Impairments in Parkinson Disease." JAMA Neurology 76, no. 6 (2019): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.0033.

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Shaw, William S. "Impairment Tutorial: Impairment of the Lower Extremity." Guides Newsletter 2, no. 1 (1997): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.1997.janfeb02.

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Abstract The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Fourth Edition, introduces a new system of rating lower extremity impairments that allows use of more than one method for arriving at a rating. Such flexibility allows the rater greater leeway to assess each patient's unique status but requires the clinician to clearly understand the diagnosis, pathoanatomy, and expected sequelae of a condition. For example, diminished muscle function can be evaluated in four ways (gait, atrophy, weakness, and peripheral nerve injury), but impairments should be estimated under only

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Peterson, Daniel S., Laurie A. King, Rajal G. Cohen, and Fay B. Horak. "Cognitive Contributions to Freezing of Gait in Parkinson Disease: Implications for Physical Rehabilitation." Physical Therapy 96, no. 5 (2016): 659–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20140603.

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People with Parkinson disease (PD) who show freezing of gait also have dysfunction in cognitive domains that interact with mobility. Specifically, freezing of gait is associated with executive dysfunction involving response inhibition, divided attention or switching attention, and visuospatial function. The neural control impairments leading to freezing of gait have recently been attributed to higher-level, executive and attentional cortical processes involved in coordinating posture and gait rather than to lower-level, sensorimotor impairments. To date, rehabilitation for freezing of gait pri

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Christian, Josef, Josef Kröll, and Hermann Schwameder. "Comparison of the Classifier Oriented Gait Score and the Gait Profile Score based on imitated gait impairments." Gait & Posture 55 (June 2017): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.04.007.

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Jani, Darshan, Vijayakumar Varadarajan, Rushirajsinh Parmar, et al. "An Efficient Gait Abnormality Detection Method Based on Classification." Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks 11, no. 3 (2022): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jsan11030031.

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In the study of human mobility, gait analysis is a well-recognized assessment methodology. Despite its widespread use, doubts exist about its clinical utility, i.e., its potential to influence the diagnostic-therapeutic practice. Gait analysis evaluates the walking pattern (normal/abnormal) based on the gait cycle. Based on the analysis obtained, various applications can be developed in the medical, security, sports, and fitness domain to improve overall outcomes. Wearable sensors provide a convenient, efficient, and low-cost approach to gather data, while machine learning methods provide high

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Petrofsky, Jerrold, Lee Berk, and Hani Al-Nakhli. "The Influence of Autonomic Dysfunction Associated with Aging and Type 2 Diabetes on Daily Life Activities." Experimental Diabetes Research 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/657103.

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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and ageing have well documented effects on every organ in the body. In T2D the autonomic nervous system is impaired due to damage to neurons, sensory receptors, synapses and the blood vessels. This paper will concentrate on how autonomic impairment alters normal daily activities. Impairments include the response of the blood vessels to heat, sweating, heat transfer, whole body heating, orthostatic intolerance, balance, and gait. Because diabetes is more prevalent in older individuals, the effects of ageing will be examined. Beginning with endothelial dysfunction, blood ve

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Dever, Anthony, Dylan Powell, Lisa Graham, et al. "Gait Impairment in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review." Sensors 22, no. 4 (2022): 1480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041480.

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Introduction: Gait impairment occurs across the spectrum of traumatic brain injury (TBI); from mild (mTBI) to moderate (modTBI), to severe (sevTBI). Recent evidence suggests that objective gait assessment may be a surrogate marker for neurological impairment such as TBI. However, the most optimal method of objective gait assessment is still not well understood due to previous reliance on subjective assessment approaches. The purpose of this review was to examine objective assessment of gait impairments across the spectrum of TBI. Methods: PubMed, AMED, OVID and CINAHL databases were searched w

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Diot, Christa M., Jessica L. Youngblood, Anya H. Friesen, et al. "Robot-Assisted Gait Training with Trexo Home: Users, Usage and Initial Impacts." Children 10, no. 3 (2023): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10030437.

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Robotic gait training has the potential to improve secondary health conditions for people with severe neurological impairment. The purpose of this study was to describe who is using the Trexo robotic gait trainer, how much training is achieved in the home and community, and what impacts are observed after the initial month of use. In this prospective observational single-cohort study, parent-reported questionnaires were collected pre- and post-training. Of the 70 participants, the median age was 7 years (range 2 to 24), 83% had CP, and 95% did not walk for mobility. Users trained 2–5 times/wee

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Seifallahi, Mahmoud, James E. Galvin, and Behnaz Ghoraani. "Curve Walking Reveals More Gait Impairments in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment than Straight Walking: A Kinect Camera-Based Study." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports 8, no. 1 (2024): 423–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/adr-230149.

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Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be an early sign of Alzheimer’s disease and other types of dementia detectable through gait analysis. Curve walking, which demands greater cognitive and motor skills, may be more sensitive in MCI detection than straight walking. However, few studies have compared gait performance in older adults with and without MCI in these conditions. Objective: To compare the capability of curve and straight walking tests for the detection of MCI among older adults. Methods: We employed a Kinect v.2 camera to record the gait of 55 older adults (30 healthy cont

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Breij, Laura M., Eveline B. Boeker, Bregje Jaeger, and Annemieke I. Buizer. "Gait abnormalities in children with FOXP1 syndrome: A case series." Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine 18, no. 2 (2025): 155–57. https://doi.org/10.1177/18758894251323784.

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FOXP1 syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations or deletions in the Forkhead Box Protein 1 (FOXP1) gene. It is characterized by intellectual disabilities, language difficulties, autism spectrum disorder, congenital anomalies and motor impairments. Walking difficulties have been reported, but specific gait impairments have not previously been described. In this case series, specific gait abnormalities, and how they were managed, are reported in three children with FOXP1 syndrome. The most prominent clinical abnormalities in their gait and gait analysis were toe walking with

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Plotnik, Meir, Nir Giladi, and Jeffrey M. Hausdorff. "Is Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease a Result of Multiple Gait Impairments? Implications for Treatment." Parkinson's Disease 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/459321.

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Several gait impairments have been associated with freezing of gait (FOG) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). These include deteriorations in rhythm control, gait symmetry, bilateral coordination of gait, dynamic postural control and step scaling. We suggest that these seemingly independent gait features may have mutual interactions which, during certain circumstances, jointly drive the predisposed locomotion system into a FOG episode. This new theoretical framework is illustrated by the evaluation of the potential relationships between the so-called “sequence effect”, that is, impairme

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Schmidt, Laura Katharina, Tim Stuckenschneider, Jessica Koschate, and Tania Zieschang. "COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IS ASSOCIATED WITH INFERIOR POSTURAL BALANCE AND REDUCED GAIT SPEED." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (2023): 915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.2941.

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Abstract Fall-related sequelae including balance as well as gait impairments are more pronounced in older adults with cognitive impairment (CIOA) compared to cognitively healthy older adults (CHOA). Evidence is scarce about differences in postural balance and gait in CHOA and CIOA after a fall, even though these are major risks for recurrent falls. Especially, there is a dearth of data based on validated sensor technologies. Thus, it is our aim to use sensor-based data to investigate differences between these two groups. Postural balance and gait were measured using three wirelessly synchroniz

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Damale, Pranav U., Edwin K. P. Chong, Sean L. Hammond, and Ronald B. Tjalkens. "A Low-Cost, Autonomous Gait Detection and Estimation System for Analyzing Gait Impairments in Mice." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (November 12, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9937904.

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With the advancement in imaging technology, many commercial systems have been developed for performing motion analysis in mice. However, available commercial systems are expensive and use proprietary software. In this paper, we describe a low-cost, camera-based design of an autonomous gait acquisition and analysis system for inspecting gait deficits in C57BL/6 mice. Our system includes video acquisition, autonomous gait-event detection, gait-parameter extraction, and result visualization. We provide a simple, user-friendly, step-by-step detailed methodology to apply well-known image processing

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Qiu, Sen, Long Liu, Hongyu Zhao, Zhelong Wang, and Yongmei Jiang. "MEMS Inertial Sensors Based Gait Analysis for Rehabilitation Assessment via Multi-Sensor Fusion." Micromachines 9, no. 9 (2018): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi9090442.

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Gait and posture are regular activities which are fully controlled by the sensorimotor cortex. In this study, fluctuations of joint angle and asymmetry of foot elevation in human walking stride records are analyzed to assess gait in healthy adults and patients affected with gait disorders. This paper aims to build a low-cost, intelligent and lightweight wearable gait analysis platform based on the emerging body sensor networks, which can be used for rehabilitation assessment of patients with gait impairments. A calibration method for accelerometer and magnetometer was proposed to deal with ubi

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Shaw, William S., and Charles N. Brooks. "Lower Extremity Impairments—Knee and Hip." Guides Newsletter 4, no. 1 (1999): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.1999.janfeb01.

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Abstract The process of assessing lower extremity impairment described in the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Fourth Edition, differs from that in previous editions. This article addresses common questions that arise in knee and hip impairment rating according to the new edition. Anatomic, diagnostic, or functional methods can be used to estimate lower extremity impairments. Functional methods include ratings based on diminished range of motion, weakness, or gait derangement. In general, only one method should be used to rate impairment associated with an inj

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Dolatabadi, Elham, Karen Van Ooteghem, Babak Taati, and Andrea Iaboni. "Quantitative Mobility Assessment for Fall Risk Prediction in Dementia: A Systematic Review." Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 45, no. 5-6 (2018): 353–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000490850.

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Background: Impairments of gait and balance often progress through the course of dementia, and are associated with increased risk of falls. Summary: This systematic review provides a critical analysis of the evidence linking quantitative measures of gait and balance to fall risk in older adults with dementia. Various instrumented measures of gait and postural stability including gait speed and non-instrumented performance measures including Timed Up and Go were shown to be capable of distinguishing fallers from non-fallers. Key Messages: Existing reviews indicate that impairments of gait and b

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Zhelyazkova, Sashka, and Velina Guergueltcheva. "Normal pressure hydrocephalus – a case report." Bulgarian Neurology 25, no. 1 (2024): 34–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15379801.

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Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a chronic steadily progressing disease, typically characterised by ventriculomegaly and a triad of symptoms: gait disturbance, cognitive impairment and urinary incontinence. The pathophysiology of iNPH is multifactorial and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hydrodynamic dysfunction may be combined with subcortical vascular dementia. A 55‐year‐old man presented to the Clinic of nervous diseases Alexandrovska hospital with gradually progressing gait and balance disturbances, cognitive decline and urinary incontinence. Brain magnetic resonance imaging sh

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Nonnekes, Jorik, and Alice Nieuwboer. "Towards Personalized Rehabilitation for Gait Impairments in Parkinson’s Disease." Journal of Parkinson's Disease 8, s1 (2018): S101—S106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jpd-181464.

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Bridenbaugh, Stephanie, and Reto Kressig. "Quantitative Gait Disturbances in Older Adults with Cognitive Impairments." Current Pharmaceutical Design 20, no. 19 (2014): 3165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13816128113196660688.

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Buckley, Thomas A., Barry A. Munkasy, and Kelsey M. Evans. "Dual Task Gait Testing Identifies Lingering Post Concussion Impairments." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 46 (May 2014): 584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000495221.47392.1c.

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