Relevant bibliographies by topics / Galactic proton

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Galactic proton'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 1 April 2023
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Galactic proton"

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Sikora, Marek, Bronisław Rudak, and Mitchell Begelman. "Relativistic Neutrons in Active Galactic Nuclei." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 134 (1989): 215–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900140902.

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A substantial fraction of the radiation from an active galactic nucleus (AGN) is apparently nonthermal in origin, and is probably produced by ultrarelativistic electrons. How much energy goes into relativistic protons is uncertain, but it is likely to be comparable to the electron energy or larger. Indeed, several authors (Sikora et al. 1987; Kazanas and Ellison 1986; Zdziarski 1986) have shown that proton-photon and proton-proton collisions can be efficient sources of relativistic pairs in the central engine of an AGN. Thus it is not necessary for electrons to be accelerated directly in AGNs,
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Fiandrini, E., B. Bertucci, N. Tomassetti, and B. Khiali. "New solar modulation modeling of the galactic proton flux measured by the AMS02 and PAMELA experiments." EPJ Web of Conferences 209 (2019): 01032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920901032.

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A thorough understanding of solar effects on the galactic cosmic rays is relevant both to infer the local interstellar spectrum characteristics and to investigate the dynamics of charged particles in the heliosphere. We present a newly developed numerical modulation model to study the transport of galactic protons in the heliosphere. The model was applied to the 27-day averaged galactic proton flux recently released by the PAMELA and AMS02 experiments, covering an extended time period from mid-2006 to mid-2017.
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Jansen, F., K. P. Wenzel, D. O' Sullivan, and A. Thompson. "The Bulge of the Milky Way and cosmic rays." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 153 (1993): 283–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900123265.

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The propagation of cosmic ray protons and anti–protons from the inner Galaxy via the galactic halo to the Sun supplies a good agreement with the observed cosmic ray gradient and is in the order of the measured anti-proton flux. Ultra heavy cosmic ray nuclei may have the same origin.
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Buchvarova, M., and P. Velinov. "Cosmic ray spectra in planetary atmospheres." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 4, S257 (2008): 471–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921309029718.

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AbstractOur model generalizes the differential D(E) and integral D(>E) spectra of cosmic rays (CR) during the 11-year solar cycle. The empirical model takes into account galactic (GCR) and anomalous cosmic rays (ACR) heliospheric modulation by four coefficients. The calculated integral spectra in the outer planets are on the basis of mean gradients: for GCR – 3%/AU and 7%/AU for anomalous protons. The obtained integral proton spectra are compared with experimental data, the CRÈME96 model for the Earth and theoretical results of 2D stochastic model. The proposed analytical model gives practi
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Abdollahi, S., F. Acero, M. Ackermann, et al. "Search for New Cosmic-Ray Acceleration Sites within the 4FGL Catalog Galactic Plane Sources." Astrophysical Journal 933, no. 2 (2022): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac704f.

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Abstract Cosmic rays are mostly composed of protons accelerated to relativistic speeds. When those protons encounter interstellar material, they produce neutral pions, which in turn decay into gamma-rays. This offers a compelling way to identify the acceleration sites of protons. A characteristic hadronic spectrum, with a low-energy break around 200 MeV, was detected in the gamma-ray spectra of four supernova remnants (SNRs), IC 443, W44, W49B, and W51C, with the Fermi Large Area Telescope. This detection provided direct evidence that cosmic-ray protons are (re-)accelerated in SNRs. Here, we p
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Papavasileiou, Theodora, Odysseas Kosmas, and Ioannis Sinatkas. "Studying the Spectral Energy Distributions Emanating from Regular Galactic XRBs." Universe 9, no. 7 (2023): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe9070312.

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X-ray binary systems (XRBs) exhibit similar dynamics and multimessenger emission mechanisms to active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with the benefit of shorter time scaling. Those systems produce rich spectral energy distributions (SEDs) ranging from the radio band to the very high energy gamma rays. The emission origin varies between the system’s accretion disk (X-rays) to the corona and, most notably, to the two twin plasma ejections (jets) that often meet the interstellar medium forming highly observable radio lobes. Modeling of the jets offers an excellent opportunity to understand the intrinsic
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Song, Xiaojian, and Xi Luo. "The Implication of the Helium-to-proton Flux Ratio in Galactic Cosmic Rays." Astrophysical Journal 959, no. 2 (2023): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad0b09.

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Abstract The measurement of daily proton and helium fluxes by AMS-02 shows that the helium-to-proton flux ratio (He/H) is negatively correlated with the solar activity at rigidity 1.7–7 GV. What is the behavior of He/H at rigidity lower than 1.7 GV? How can this phenomenon be described quantitatively and linked to the underlying mechanisms? In this work, based on a theoretical derivation, we find that the slope (S) of ln ( He / H ) versus ln(H) is a good indicator of the variation of He/H. S > 0 means the variation of He/H is anticorrelated with the solar activity, and vice versa. Furthermo
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Fang, Jun, Qi Xia, Shiting Tian, Liancheng Zhou, and Huan Yu. "Kinetic simulation of electron, proton and helium acceleration in a non-relativistic quasi-parallel shock." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 512, no. 4 (2022): 5418–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac886.

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ABSTRACT In addition to accelerating electrons and protons, non-relativistic quasi-parallel shocks are expected to possess the ability to accelerate heavy ions. The shocks in supernova remnants are generally supposed to be accelerators of Galactic cosmic rays, which consist of many species of particles. We investigate the diffusive shock acceleration of electrons, protons and helium ions in a non-relativistic quasi-parallel shock through a 1D particle-in-cell simulation with a helium-to-proton number density ratio of 0.1, which is relevant for Galactic cosmic rays. The simulation indicates tha
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Khokhlov, Dmitri L. "Planck Neutrinos as Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays." Open Astronomy 29, no. 1 (2020): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/astro-2020-0005.

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AbstractThe studied conjecture is that ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are hypothetical Planck neutrinos arising in the decay of the protons falling onto the gravastar. The proton is assumed to decay at the Planck scale into positron and four Planck neutrinos. The supermassive black holes inside active galactic nuclei, while interpreted as gravastars, are considered as UHECR sources. The scattering of the Planck neutrinos by the proton at the Planck scale is considered. The Planck neutrinos contribution to the CR events may explain the CR spectrum from 5 × 1018 eV to 1020 eV. The muon n
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Werhahn, Maria, Christoph Pfrommer, Philipp Girichidis, Ewald Puchwein, and Rüdiger Pakmor. "Cosmic rays and non-thermal emission in simulated galaxies − I. Electron and proton spectra compared to Voyager-1 data." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 505, no. 3 (2021): 3273–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1324.

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ABSTRACT Current-day cosmic ray (CR) propagation studies use static Milky Way models and fit parametrized source distributions to data. Instead, we use three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of isolated galaxies with the moving-mesh code arepo that self-consistently accounts for hydrodynamic effects of CR protons. In post-processing, we calculate their steady-state spectra, taking into account all relevant loss processes. We show that this steady-state assumption is well justified in the disc and generally for regions that emit non-thermal radio and gamma rays. Additionally, w
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Galactic proton"

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LENNI, ALEX. "Study of cosmic-ray proton and deuteron solar modulation and its relevence for indirect dark-matter searches with the PAMELA and GAPS experiments." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/3014975.

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Cosmic rays (CRs) are electrically charged particles accelerated by astrophysical powerful sources. CRs consists mainly of protons and helium nuclei and in minimal part of other nuclei and electrons. Among these, there are the deuterons, i.e. the deuterium nuclei, which are produced as a secondary component from interactions of CRs with the interstellar medium. During their voyage in the Galaxy, CRs experience energy losses, fragmentations in secondary products, trajectory deflections by galactic magnetic fields and generally a change of the spectral features. Before reaching the Earth, CRs p
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Vos, Etienne Eben. "Cosmic ray modulation processes in the heliosphere / Vos E.E." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7266.

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The solar minimum of 2009 has been identified as an exceptional event with regard to cosmic ray (CR)modulation, since conditions in the heliosphere have reached unprecedented quiet levels. This unique minimum has been observed by the Earth–orbiting satellite, PAMELA, launched in June, 2006, from which vast sets of accurate proton and electron preliminary observations have been made available. These simultaneous measurements from PAMELA provide the ideal opportunity to conduct an in–depth study of CR modulation, in particular charge–sign dependent modulation. In utilizing this opportunity, a th
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de, Séréville Nicolas. "Etude de la réaction 18F(p,alpha)15O par réction de transfert pour application à l'émission gamma des novae." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007988.

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L'émission gamma des novae à, et en dessous, de 511 keV provient essentiellement de l'annihilation des positrons venant de la décroissance beta+ du 18F. L'interprétation de cette émission, à l'aide d'observations par le satellite INTEGRAL par exemple, nécessite une bonne connaissance de la nucléosynthèse du 18F. Dans ce contexte, le taux de la réaction 18F(p,alpha)15O est le moins bien connu à cause de deux résonances correspondant aux niveaux excités Ex = 6.419 et 6.449 MeV dans le 19Ne dont les largeurs protons sont totalement inconnues. Nous avons déterminé ces largeurs protons par le biais
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Books on the topic "Galactic proton"

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Center, Langley Research, ed. Multiple-scattering model for inclusive proton production in heavy ion collisions. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1994.

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Mars surface radiation exposure for solar maximum conditions and 1989 solar proton events. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Program, 1993.

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Parameterized spectral distributions for meson production in proton-proton collisions. NASA, 1995.

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Multiple-scattering model for inclusive proton production in heavy ion collisions. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Galactic proton"

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Smart, D. F., and M. A. Shea. "Predicting and Modeling Solar Flare Generated Proton Fluxes in the Inner Heliosphere." In Biological Effects and Physics of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Radiation Part B. Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2916-3_6.

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Miller, J. H., D. L. Frasco, M. Ye, C. E. Swenberg, L. S. Myers, and A. Rupprecht. "Free-Radical Yields in Proton Irradiation of Oriented DNA: Relationship to Energy Transfer Along DNA Chains." In Biological Effects and Physics of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Radiation. Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2918-7_8.

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Greenberger, Joel. "Challenges with Spacecraft Design to Deal with Ionizing Irradiation: Solar Proton Events, Galactic Cosmic Irradiation, and Neutron Irradiation from Interaction with Components of the Spacecraft." In Radiation Oncology and Radiation Biology. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-66300-0_9.

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Caimmi, R., E. Andriani, and L. Secco. "Acquisition of angular momentum in the proto-galactic phases." In Large Scale Structures of the Universe. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2995-1_98.

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Nakasato, Naohito. "Metal Enrichment History of the Proto-Galactic Interstellar Medium." In The Evolution of Galaxies. Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3311-3_50.

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Koskinen, Hannu E. J., and Emilia K. J. Kilpua. "Particle Source and Loss Processes." In Astronomy and Astrophysics Library. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82167-8_6.

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AbstractThe main sources of charged particles in the Earth’s inner magnetosphere are the Sun and the Earth’s ionosphere. Furthermore, the Galactic cosmic radiation is an important source of protons in the inner radiation belt, and roughly every 13 years, when the Earth and Jupiter are connected via the interplanetary magnetic field, a small number of electrons originating from the magnetosphere of Jupiter are observed in the near-Earth space. The energies of solar wind and ionospheric plasma particles are much smaller than the particle energies in radiation belts. A major scientific task is to
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Robertson, James B., William C. Glisson, John O. Archambeau, et al. "The Relative Biological Effectiveness of Attenuated Protons." In Biological Effects and Physics of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Radiation Part B. Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2916-3_18.

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Acker, A. "Announcement: The Strasbourg-ESO Catalogue of Galactic Planetary Nebulae." In Planetary and Proto-Planetary Nebulae: From IRAS to ISO. Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3891-5_4.

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Fritze - v. Alvensleben, Uta. "Chemical Evolution of (Proto-) Galactic Disks and Metal Abundances of Damped Lyα Absorbers." In QSO Absorption Lines. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-49458-4_14.

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Shea, M. A., and D. F. Smart. "History of Energetic Solar Protons for the Past Three Solar Cycles Including Cycle 22 Update." In Biological Effects and Physics of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Radiation Part B. Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2916-3_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Galactic proton"

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Kovalev, Yu, G. Zhekanis, Yu Kovalev, et al. "Search for proton jets in blasars as possible emitters of high-energy neutrinos." In Modern astronomy: from the Early Universe to exoplanets and black holes. Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2024. https://doi.org/10.26119/vak2024.012.

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We continue the RATAN-600 observations of instantaneous 1-22 GHz spectra of active galactic nuclei at 5-7 frequencies in 1997-2024. The main task is the analysis of the results including the CATS database for data beyond 1-22 GHz and the Hedgehog model proposed by N. S. Kardashev in 1969. The new goal is to study the physical parameters of jets in VLBI-blazars and search for compact bright strong variable proton jets as possible sources of high-energy neutrinos in proton-proton and proton-photon processes. Main results of estimating values for magnetic fields, brightness temperatures and angul
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Ndiitwani, Dzivhuluwani, Donald Ngobeni, O. P. M. ASlam, et al. "A simulation study of galactic proton modulation from solar minimum to maximum conditions." In 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Sissa Medialab, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.395.1327.

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Urusova, Baidymat I., Mecca S. Kh Bolatchieva, and Umar M. Laipanov. "Cosmic rays at ultrahigh energies." In Sustainable and Innovative Development in the Global Digital Age. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.iohr6570.

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In this paper, the nature of the origin of cosmic rays is considered. By studying the chemical composition, the intensity of cosmic rays is determined. And when collisions with the nuclei of the interstellar medium, unstable particles appear. The astronomical role of cosmic rays and the probable galactic model of the origin of cosmic rays have been clarified. The results of the chemical composition of cosmic rays are obtained. It is shown that: a) cosmic rays are mostly located in the Galaxy; b) the Virgo supercluster is a metagalactic model in which the main part of the proton-nuclear compone
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Kühl, Patrick, Nina Dresing, Jan Gieseler, Bernd Heber, and Andreas Klassen. "Galactic Cosmic Ray Spectra During Solar Cycle 23 and 24 - Measurement Capabilities of the Electron Proton Helium Instrument." In The 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Sissa Medialab, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.236.0224.

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Bondarev, Evgeny, Alexander E. Koziukov, Grigory Protopopov, et al. "Variation of proton fluxes of galactic cosmic rays during 2012-2020 according to data from the Russian spacecraft in geostationary orbit." In 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Sissa Medialab, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.395.1308.

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Ivanov, Dmitri. "Search for EeV Protons of Galactic Origin." In The 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Sissa Medialab, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.236.0350.

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FORMATO, V., M. BOEZIO, V. BONVICINI, et al. "Solar modulation of galactic protons and helium with the PAMELA experiment." In International Conference on Advanced Technology and Particle Physics. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814603164_0028.

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Mathews, Grant J., Lamya Saleh, and Timothy Beers. "Early star formation nucleosynthesis and chemical evolution in proto-galactic clouds." In International Symposium on Nuclear Astrophysics - Nuclei in the Cosmos - IX. Sissa Medialab, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.028.0047.

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POTGIETER, M. S., E. E. VOS, and R. R. NNDANGANENI. "THE FIRST VERY LOCAL INTERSTELLAR SPECTRA FOR GALACTIC PROTONS, HELIUM AND ELECTRONS." In International Conference on Advanced Technology and Particle Physics. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814603164_0031.

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Fazio, G. G. "The Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF)." In Space Optics for Astrophysics and Earth and Planetary Remote Sensing. Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/soa.1988.wd1.

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In 1983 the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) radically changed our view of the infrared sky. IRAS carried out an all-sky survey in four broad wavelength bands between 8 and 120μm, detecting about 250,000 sources. This survey detected new comets and dust bands in our solar system, discovered protostars and possible proto-planetary disks around near-by stars, generated detailed images of the entire galactic plane, and discovered extremely luminous infrared galaxies. The Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF) was designed to provide an enormous gain in our ability to explore in greater d
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Reports on the topic "Galactic proton"

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Shomer, Ilan, Ruth E. Stark, Victor Gaba, and James D. Batteas. Understanding the hardening syndrome of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber tissue to eliminate textural defects in fresh and fresh-peeled/cut products. United States Department of Agriculture, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7587238.bard.

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The project sought to understand factors and mechanisms involved in the hardening of potato tubers. This syndrome inhibits heat softening due to intercellular adhesion (ICA) strengthening, compromising the marketing of industrially processed potatoes, particularly fresh peeled-cut or frozen tubers. However, ICA strengthening occurs under conditions which are inconsistent with the current ideas that relate it to Ca-pectate following pectin methyl esterase (PME) activity or to formation of rhamnogalacturonan (RG)-II-borate. First, it was necessary to induce strengthening of the middle lamellar c
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