Relevant bibliographies by topics / Galapagos Islands

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Academic literature on the topic 'Galapagos Islands'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Galapagos Islands"

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Carrick, Oliver, and Jessica Lorena Mera Bolaños. "Evolutionary language learning." Esferas 4 (April 6, 2023): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18272/esferas.v4i.2785.

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This essay discusses the development of a language learning program for the local community on the island of San Cristóbal in the Galapagos Islands. Second and third language skills are very important to residents of the Galapagos due to the islands’ dependency on the tourism sector. In pursuit of UN Sustainable Development Goal Four, Quality Education, the Department of Foreign Languages has implemented formal English and French as a Foreign Language education programs for children, adolescents and adults on San Cristóbal. USFQ’s Language Department in the Galapagos is small, but has used bespoke course design based around communicative functions to meet the needs of different groups within the local community.
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Regnauld, Hervé. "Coastal morphology of the Galapagos Islands." Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 29, no. 2 (August 7, 1985): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zfg/29/1985/153.

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M. Guerrero, A., P. Pozo, S. Chamorro, A. Guezou, and C. E. Buddenhagen. "Baseline data for identifying potentially invasive plants in Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz Island, Galápagos." Pacific Conservation Biology 14, no. 2 (2008): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc080093.

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We recorded 502 introduced plant species during an inventory of all 2 334 private properties in Puerto Ayora, the largest town on Santa Cruz Island and the Galapagos Islands (population > 10,000) which accounts for about half of the Galapagos population. A third of these species were new records for the Galapagos Islands, 73% were found only in cultivation, 18% were naturalized and not cultivated (in Puerto Ayora), and 9% were found in cultivation and naturalized (escaped). Seventeen species previously known to occur only in cultivation in Galapagos are now considered escaped. A number of species known to be naturalized in the humid highlands of Santa Cruz do not appear to be able to reproduce in Puerto Ayora?s drier climate. To determine which introduced species should be a priority for control or eradication, the potential invasiveness of each species was assessed based on their distribution and behavior in Galapagos and elsewhere. At least 13 species were considered potentially serious invaders that could be feasible to eradicate.
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Ypma, Stefanie L., Quinten Bohte, Alexander Forryan, Alberto C. Naveira Garabato, Andy Donnelly, and Erik van Sebille. "Detecting the most effective cleanup locations using network theory to reduce marine plastic debris: a case study in the Galapagos Marine Reserve." Ocean Science 18, no. 5 (October 20, 2022): 1477–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-18-1477-2022.

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Abstract. The Galapagos Marine Reserve was established in 1986 to ensure protection of the islands' unique biodiversity. Unfortunately, the islands are polluted by marine plastic debris and the island authorities face the challenge to effectively remove plastic from its shorelines owing to limited resources. To optimize efforts, we have developed a methodology to identify the most effective cleanup locations on the Galapagos Islands using network theory. A network is constructed from a Lagrangian simulation describing the flow of macroplastic between the various islands within the Galapagos Marine Reserve, where the nodes represent locations along the coastline and the edges the likelihood of plastic leaving one location and beaching at another. We have found four network centralities that provide the best coastline ranking to optimize the cleanup effort based on various impact metrics. Locations with a high retention rate are particularly favorable for cleanup. The results indicate that using the most effective centrality for finding cleanup locations is a good strategy for heavily polluted regions if the distribution of marine plastic debris on the coastlines is unknown and limited cleanup resources are available.
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Vásquez Salinas, Bernarda Michelle. "RESERVA MARINA GALÁPAGOS." Revista de Ordenación del Sector Marítimo 2, no. 1 (July 2, 2024): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21134/b3kg5k44.

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The “Galapagos Islands” represent a unique ecosystem in the world, home for an internationally recognized mega diversity. The islands have two protected areas: the “Galapagos National Park” and the “Galapagos Marine Reserve”, considered one of the most ecologically rich areas. Over the years, there has been legal, environmental and social recognition of the islands, which is a great step towards their protection, although this does not mean that they are not facing major challenges.
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Yánez, Alba, Teuvo Ahti, and Frank Bungartz. "The Family Cladoniaceae (Lecanorales) in the Galapagos Islands." Phytotaxa 129, no. 1 (September 5, 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.129.1.1.

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As part of an ongoing comprehensive inventory of the Galapagos lichen flora, all species in the Cladoniaceae from the archipelago have been revised using both historic and recent collections. A total of twenty-six species is reported here, one species of Cladia and twenty-five Cladonia species. One species, Cladonia bungartzii, is described as new to science; seven are records new to Ecuador and the Galapagos: Cladonia corymbosula, C. polyscypha, C. pulverulenta, C. pyxidata, C. aff. sphacelata, and C. strepsilis. Four species have previously been reported from Ecuador, but are new to Galapagos: C. cartilaginea, C. chlorophaea, C. dactylota, and C. grayi. Eight species previously reported cannot be confirmed here. Detailed descriptions are presented for all species. They include diagnostic characteristics to distinguish similar species. An identification key to all Galapagos Cladoniaceae is provided. A brief discussion highlights the importance of baseline inventories and uses the Galapagos Cladoniaceae as a case study to discuss important aspects of lichen biogeography in Galapagos.
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Liu, Stephen J. "Wildlife of the Galapagos Islands." Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 15, no. 3 (September 2004): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1580/1080-6032(2004)15[228:wotgi]2.0.co;2.

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Wiedenfeld, David A. "Aves, The Galapagos Islands, Ecuador." Check List 2, no. 2 (July 1, 2006): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/2.2.1.

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Although the Galapagos avifauna has been described previously, it is necessary to list, clarify, and update the previously published records of birds occurring in the archipelago, and to clarify some recent records that are erroneous or were presented with none or few details. The list of breeding (including endemic species and subspecies and non-endemic breeding species) and regular migrant species totals only 88 species, although including the 57 vagrant species, the number is 145 species. However, endemism in Galapagos is quite high, with half (50%) of the regular avifauna being endemic at the species or subspecies level. If only land birds are considered, the endemism levels are much higher, with 70% of land bird species being endemic, and 58% of the “regular” seabirds being endemic as well. It is hoped this article will stimulate other ornithologists and observers who may have additional records to come forth with their information.
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Ballaria, D., D. Orellana, E. Acostaa, A. Espinoza, and V. Morocho. "UAV MONITORING FOR ENVIROMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN GALAPAGOS ISLANDS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 6, 2016): 1105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b1-1105-2016.

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In the Galapagos Islands, where 97% of the territory is protected and ecosystem dynamics are highly vulnerable, timely and accurate information is key for decision making. An appropriate monitoring system must meet two key features: on one hand, being able to capture information in a systematic and regular basis, and on the other hand, to quickly gather information on demand for specific purposes. The lack of such a system for geographic information limits the ability of Galapagos Islands’ institutions to evaluate and act upon environmental threats such as invasive species spread and vegetation degradation. In this context, the use of UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) for capturing georeferenced images is a promising technology for environmental monitoring and management. This paper explores the potential of UAV images for monitoring degradation of littoral vegetation in Puerto Villamil (Isabela Island, Galapagos, Ecuador). Imagery was captured using two camera types: Red Green Blue (RGB) and Infrarred Red Green (NIR). First, vegetation presence was identified through NDVI. Second, object-based classification was carried out for characterization of vegetation vigor. Results demonstrates the feasibility of UAV technology for base-line studies and monitoring on the amount and vigorousness of littoral vegetation in the Galapagos Islands. It is also showed that UAV images are not only useful for visual interpretation and object delineation, but also to timely produce useful thematic information for environmental management.
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Ballaria, D., D. Orellana, E. Acostaa, A. Espinoza, and V. Morocho. "UAV MONITORING FOR ENVIROMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN GALAPAGOS ISLANDS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 6, 2016): 1105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b1-1105-2016.

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In the Galapagos Islands, where 97% of the territory is protected and ecosystem dynamics are highly vulnerable, timely and accurate information is key for decision making. An appropriate monitoring system must meet two key features: on one hand, being able to capture information in a systematic and regular basis, and on the other hand, to quickly gather information on demand for specific purposes. The lack of such a system for geographic information limits the ability of Galapagos Islands’ institutions to evaluate and act upon environmental threats such as invasive species spread and vegetation degradation. In this context, the use of UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) for capturing georeferenced images is a promising technology for environmental monitoring and management. This paper explores the potential of UAV images for monitoring degradation of littoral vegetation in Puerto Villamil (Isabela Island, Galapagos, Ecuador). Imagery was captured using two camera types: Red Green Blue (RGB) and Infrarred Red Green (NIR). First, vegetation presence was identified through NDVI. Second, object-based classification was carried out for characterization of vegetation vigor. Results demonstrates the feasibility of UAV technology for base-line studies and monitoring on the amount and vigorousness of littoral vegetation in the Galapagos Islands. It is also showed that UAV images are not only useful for visual interpretation and object delineation, but also to timely produce useful thematic information for environmental management.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Galapagos Islands"

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Roque-Albelo, Lazaro. "Diversity and ecology of the Lepidoptera in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2006. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/56156/.

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In this thesis the diversity and ecology of the Lepidoptera fauna of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador are investigated. The study covers aspects of Lepidoptera diversity, their interactions with host plant and their seasonality. Diversity: The Galapagos Lepidoptera fauna is characterized by low diversification, a high level of endemism and prolonged geographic isolation. To date, 313 species of Lepidoptera are known to occur on the Archipelago and 64% of the native component of this fauna is endemic. Humans have introduced 62 species accidentally to the Islands. All Galapagos Lepidoptera are of American origin except the few introduced Old World species that are nearly cosmopolitan. Host plant relationships: Host plant data covering 155 species Galapagos species are reviewed, and new records of larvae of 113 species collected in the study area are presented. Most of the species are herbivores (272), with a few detritivores (13) and carnivores (3). Plants of the families Leguminosae and Asteraceae are the most common hosts for Galapagos species. Monophagy at the plant family level appears to be widespread in Galapagos Lepidoptera. Seasonality: The phenology of adult Sphingidae was studied at one locality in the arid zone of the southern slope of Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos for a period of 28 months (April 1999--August 2001). A total of 14 species, representing eight genera, was recorded during this study period. Sphingidae moths were more abundant in the wet season (December-May) with peaks occurring mid season. The number of specimens recorded decreased in the dry season (June-November) with the lowest numbers found in August. The seasonality and temporal stability (in terms of species diversity, population abundance and niche breadth) of this community is analysed.
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Finston, Terrie L. (Terrie Lynn) Carleton University Dissertation Biology. "Evolution of the Genus Stomion (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in the Galapagos Islands." Ottawa, 1993.

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Seddon, Alistair W. R. "Palaeoecology,Biogeography and Evolution of Benthic Littoral Diatoms from the Galapagos Islands." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533825.

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Pryet, Alexandre. "Hydrogeology of volcanic islands : a case-study in the Galapagos Archipelago (Ecuador)." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066563.

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La population de l’Archipel des Galápagos est croissante, tandis que les ressources en eau sont limitées et inégalement réparties. Dans le cadre de ce travail, une approche intégrée combinant géophysique, géologie structurale, suivis hydro-climatologique et piézométrique est utilisée pour caractériser les modèles conceptuels hydrogéologiques d’une île à l’autre et identifier d’éventuelles ressources complémentaires. La géophysique permet d’identifier des zones d’intérêt hydrogéologique. Les données acquises lors de la mission géophysique SkyTEM réalisée en 2006 sur les îles de Santa Cruz et San Cristóbal ont été mises en perspective avec une nouvelle technique d'interprétation. Avec des outils géostatistiques, cette méthode a permis la construction d'une grille 3D de la résistivité électrique pour chacune des deux îles. Des zones d'intérêts ont été cartographiées en 3D et confrontées aux observations structurale, géomorphologiques et hydrologiques. Un paramètre déterminant en hydrogéologie est la recharge des aquifères. Sur les principales îles de l'Archipel, la présence semi-permanente de brouillard pendant six mois de l'année présente un apport supplémentaire aux précipitations classiques. Pour quantifier cet apport, un réseau de suivi hydrométéorologique a été mis en place sur le versant au vent de l'île de Santa Cruz. L’apport du brouillard a été quantifié avec une méthode basée sur un modèle d'interception à base physique. La vitesse du vent est identifiée comme un facteur déterminant pour l’interception du brouillard. A Santa Cruz, un suivi hydrogéologique de l'aquifère de base a été réalisé. Affecté par l’intrusion saline, cet aquifère est soumis aux variations du niveau de la mer et à la dynamique de recharge. La cartographie de la fracturation a été réalisée sur des affleurements sélectionnés. Combinée à l'analyse de la propagation du signal de marée, elle a permis de caractériser les propriétés hydrodynamiques des basaltes.
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Wauters, Nina. "Genetical and ecological aspects of the invasion of the tropical fire ant Solenopsis geminata in the Galapagos Islands." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209088.

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Invasive species represent a major challenge through their consequences on

biodiversity, human health and economy. Their effects are especially important on fragile and

unique insular biotas such as the Galápagos Islands. Ants in particular are keystone species

implicated in ecosystem functioning and biodiversity and they can be dramatic invaders. In

the Galápagos Islands, the tropical fire ant Solenopsis geminata is considered a high-impact

invasive species, though it remains surprisingly poorly studied. The objectives of this work

are to document the invasion of S. geminata in the Galápagos Islands by 1) updating its

distribution; 2) determining its reproduction and dispersal strategies and reconstruct its

invasion history throughout the archipelago and 3) evaluating its impact on the native fauna

(focusing on ants and arthropods communities and endemic land tortoises).

First, we added 66 new records of S. geminata in the Galápagos since 2008. It has

now been recorded on seven islands and 11 islets in a wide range of habitats, including

nesting sites of 24 endemic and/or endangered vertebrate species, for which it constitutes a

potential threat.

Secondly, by combining Bayesian clustering methods, coalescent-based scenario

testing using microsatellite data and historical records, we determined that genetic diversity

of populations of S. geminata collected in Galápagos Islands is significantly lower than the

genetic diversity of populations from native areas (Costa Rica). The Galápagos populations

form three clusters corresponding to an island or groups of islands. They appear to be the

result of a single introduction in the first half of the 19th century, probably from mainland

Ecuador, which acted as a bridgehead population to two subsequent introductions within the

archipelago, corresponding human colonization fluxes in the archipelago.

We sampled ants in all main habitats of Santa Cruz Island. Introduced ant species

were largely prevalent, and S. geminata was the dominant species and was associated with

low evenness of ant communties and lower abundance of native ants. We found that

Galápagos’ ant communities are determined by the vegetation type and altitude, but found

only little evidence for competitively structured assemblages, except in disturbed areas.

The arthropod diversity was investigated in two agricultural sites of Santa Cruz Island

by combining three complementary sampling techniques. More than half of the species were

either endemic or native, but introduced species constituted the majority of the catches.

Solenopsis geminata was by far the most abundant and common species.

Finally, we investigated the mortality of Cheloidis land tortoise’s eggs and hatchlings

in an area infested by S. geminata on Santa Cruz Island with regard to the abundance of fire

ants and the duration of incubation. Egg survival was negatively associated with longer incubation times but we found no direct relation between ant density and tortoise mortality

despite a high abundances of fire ants in the vicinity of the majority of the tortoise burrows.

Our work allows addressing ecological and genetical aspects of the invasion of S.

geminata in the Galápagos Islands. We analyzed our results in the light of an ecoevolutionary

framework presenting different invasion scenarios and discussed S. geminata

as an invasive ant. This provided us with information useful for the study and management of

this invasive species in the Galápagos Islands.

/

Les espèces invasives constituent un défi majeur à cause de leur impact sur la

biodiversité, la santé humaine et l’économie. Leurs effets sont particulièrement importants

sur les environnements insulaires fragiles et uniques comme les île Galápagos. Les fourmis

en particulièr sont des espèces clé de voûte du fonctionnement des écosystèmes et de la

biodiversité. Elles peuvent de ce fait devenir des envahisseurs spectaculaires. Dans les îles

Galápagos, la fourmi de feu tropicale Solenopsis geminata fait partie des espèces invasives

à haut impact et cependant elle a été étonnamment peu étudiée. Les objectifs de ce travail

consistent à documenter l’invasion de S. geminata dans l’archipel des Galápagos: 1) en

mettant à jour sa distribution; 2) en déterminant ses stratégies de reproduction et de

dispersion et en reconstruisant l’histoire de son invasion dans l’archipel et 3) en évaluant son

impact sur la faune native (particulièrement sur les communautés de fourmis et

d’arthropodes et sur les tortues terrestres endémiques).

Tout d’abord, nous avons ajouté 66 nouveaux relevés de S.geminata aux Galápagos

depuis 2008. À ce jour, la fourmi a été observée sur 7 îles et 11 îlots, et ce dans une grande

variété d’habitats. On la trouve également sur les sites de ponte de 24 espèces de vertébrés

endémiques ou en voie de disparition, qu’elle menace ainsi potentiellement.

Ensuite, en combinant des méthodes bayésiennes de regroupement et des

comparaisons de scénarios en se basant sur des séquences microsatellites et des données

historiques, nous avons montré que la diversité génétique des populations de S. geminata

des Galápagos est significativement inférieure à celle des populations des zones d’indigénat

(Costa Rica). Les populations des Galápagos - réparties en 3 groupes correspondant à une

île ou un groupe d’îles – sont le résultat d’une introduction unique ayant eu lieu dans la

première moitié du 19ème siècle. Elles proviennent vraisemblablement de l’Equateur

continental et constituent une population “tête de pont” pour deux introductions ultérieures au

sein de l’archipel. Ces mouvements correspondent aux flux de populations humaines.

Nous avons échantillonné les fourmis dans tous les principaux habitats de l’île de

Santa Cruz. Les fourmis introduites sont largement prévalentes. Solenopsis geminata

constitue l’espèce dominante et se trouve associée avec une faible équitabilité des

communautés de fourmis ainsi qu’avec une diminution de l’abondance des fourmis natives.

Nos résultats indiquent que les communautés de fourmis des Galápagos sont structurées

par le type de végétation et l’altitude, alors que les assemblages de fourmis ne sont pas

structurés compétitivement, à l’exception des zones perturbées.

Nous avons investigué la diversité arthropodienne de deux sites agricoles de l’île de

Santa Cruz en combinant trois méthodes d’échantillonnage complémentaires. Plus de la moitié des espèces collectées étaient soit endémiques, soit natives. Les espèces introduites

ont toutefois constitué la majorité des individus collectés. Solenopsis geminata était de loin la

plus abondante et la plus commune des espèces récoltées.

Enfin, dans une zones infestées par S. geminata sur l’île de Santa Cruz, nous avons

mis en relation la mortalité des oeufs et juvéniles de tortues terrestres Chelonoidis avec

l’abondance des fourmis de feu et la durée d’incubation des oeufs. Le taux de survie des

oeufs est négativement corrélé à leur durée d’incubation. Cependant, malgré de très hautes

abondances de fourmis de feu à proximité des nids de tortues, nous n’avons pas trouvé de

relation directe avec leur mortalité.

Pour conclure, ce travail aborde les aspects génétiques et écologiques de l’invasion

de la fourmi de feu tropicale dans les îles Galápagos. Nos résultats sont analysés au sein

d’un cadre éco-évolutif présentant différents scénarios d’invasion. Nous discutons également

de S. geminata en tant qu’espèce invasive. Nous espérons apporter des informations utiles

dans le cadre de l’étude et du contrôle de cette espèce invasive aux Galápagos.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Mayorga, Esteban. "Evolution by textual selection: The literary representation of the Galápagos Islands." Thesis, Boston College, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:104031.

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Thesis advisor: Ernesto Livon-Grosman
This dissertation takes a literary and cultural studies model to explain the textual representation of these unique islands since their discovery until present day. The main argument suggests that the depiction of this crucial space for modernity in Western thought, given the rhetoric of travel and fiction writers, deploys the insular area with the intention of conceiving new forms of political displacement and identity endeavors in addition to those of the nation building project that took place in the mainland. As a result of colonial enterprises, scientific excursions, exile, tourism, journalistic pieces, expeditions, etc., travel writings of the Galápagos record the experience of reshaping this space à propos of a theory of travel and travel writing mediated by narratives that complement the formation of the state and its national imagery. The insular space functions as a vacant signifier where travelers are able to communicate their own signified upon narrating the experiences of their journeys. This phenomenon creates a profound conceptual and political division between the identity of the isles and the nation of Ecuador, and the findings of this study can be extrapolated to a historical specificity of explorations and representations that deal with narrative constructions of highly condensed spaces throughout Latin America as a whole, if one can claim they are a case study of an "unfinished" modernity. This separation created a rupture leading to fundamental variations in the manner in which local inhabitants and foreign entities interpret the insular province nowadays. The literature of the Galápagos reflects the scale of friction, migratory tendencies into the islands, and how global interests prevail in the appropriation of the space, reshaping the subjective individuality of the host culture. The first chapter examines texts of discovery written during the colonial enterprise of Spain. Given the anthropological void in the Galápagos, these initial pieces of writing emphasize the monstrosity of the landscape and the biota, but also portray a possibility to find riches. This description ignites a dichotomist infernal-paradisiacal appraisal of the archipelago, and recreates it as a warped textual space which, in turn, develops an imagery that demonstrates the flexibility of the deserted island: writers set forth almost any form of representation that favors imperial interests. The second chapter analyzes travel literature written in English during the nineteenth century. These texts define the islands as a world within itself rather than as a province of Ecuador, and have a major impact on its imagery given the authority of its writers. In the midst of Latin-American independence, the nation-building project, and the quest for a cosmopolitan state, foreign texts are detached from the social and political reality of the entourage, and transmit a fallacious notion of desertedness, which allows for future occupations of transcontinental scope. These books also create a bilingual literature that preludes the migratory movement and touristic commerce that currently defines this province. The final chapter focuses on three books written by local authors and how they combat or appropriate previous insular narratives providing a native perspective. A historiographical novel, defined as a "foundational fiction" that portrays the Galápagos as a prison and pirate hideout, exhibits the violent environment of the newborn Ecuadorian Republic. This piece generates a fissure in the international community that regards the islands as paradise and still is, therefore, largely ignored. A second narrative shows how the Galápagos occupation of the United States during World War II is crucial for interpreting and understanding the archipelago during the twentieth century. It preludes current international interests that dominate policy-undertakings, particularly the ones concerning tourism, environmental, and geopolitical endeavors. Finally, a quarto book exemplifies how texts have enticed and caused not only a critical political and national divorce between the nation and the insular region, but also a market-oriented global milieu triggering migration towards this zone. The discussed works include Tomás de Berlanga's "Carta a su majestad describiendo su viaje" (1535), Sarmiento de Gamboa's Historia de los incas (1572), Darwin's Voyage of the Beagle (1839), Melville's The Encantadas, or Enchanted Isles (1854), Manuel Bilbao's El pirata del Guayas (1855), Bolívar Naveda's Galápagos a la vista (1952), and Hugo Idrovo's Galápagos: huellas en el paraíso (2005). I use critical theory from Adorno, Bartkowski, Bloom, De Certeau, Deleuze, Edmond, Mignolo, Molloy, Musgrove, O'Gorman, Pratt, Sommer, Todorov, Van den Abbeele, and others to show the impact of the construction of an imaginary space that morphs incessantly and responds more to writers' interests than to the inherent qualities of the isles
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2013
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Romance Languages and Literatures
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Brentnall, Stuart James. "The impact of the Galapagos Islands on the dynamics of the equatorial East Pacific." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/42082/.

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Small changes in the sea-surface temperature (SST) distribution in the equatorial Pacific are known to have large consequences for the weather and climate on regional and even global scales. A detailed knowledge of the SST patterns is therefore necessary if we are to understand and predict these effects thoroughly. Effort has hitherto been concentrated on understanding the dynamics of the West Pacific Warm Pool, but attention is now shifting to the eastern Cold Tongue region. This thesis contributes to this programme by assessing the impact of one unique feature of the equatorial East Pacific; the presence on the equator of a medium-sized island group - the Galapagos Archipelago. The project is carried through using a combination of: in situ oceanographic data from ships and moorings; satellite SST and colour images; and diagnostics from both a sophisticated ocean general circulation model and a simplified (reduced gravity) model. Each model was run both with and without a representation of the Galapagos. It is found that under typical conditions the islands form the eastern boundary of the cold tongue; the lowest equatorial SSTs in the Pacific occur on the west coast of the main islands of the group. As well as preventing the cold tongue from extending any further east, the islands also cool the sea surface still further for a distance of some 1000 km to the west. For the first 100 km or so the cooling is of the order of 1C; on the larger scale it is more like 0.1C. This cooling is a result of hydraulically enhanced upwelling of waters from the Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC), which is best explained by a Bernoulli-type (non-rotating, non-linear) theory. This theory also predicts that water parcels in the EUC will undergo vertical excursions on their passage around the north and south coasts of the islands; these excursions are observed in at least one numerical model. Downstream of the archipelago the EUC usually reunites and executes inertial oscillations, meandering about the equator. Transport in the EUC is also reduced because of the presence of the islands, by 30-50% to the east of the islands and by up to 20% to the west. Enhanced SST variability north and south of the equator immediately to the west of the Galapagos indicates that tropical instability waves (TIWs) are more active here than they would be were the islands absent. This is due to a pair of barotropically unstable zonal jets originating at the northern and southern tips of the islands. These jets are consistent with the theory of low-frequency flow past equatorial islands on the beta plane (which predicts that the South Equatorial Current will split into two such jets on encountering such an island), although weaker jets are found in models with no representation of the Galapagos. As with the cold tongue, the islands form the eastern limit of the region where these jets are found.
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Renteria, Bustamante Jorge Luis. "Towards an optimal management of the invasive plant Rubus niveus in the Galapagos Islands." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/9237.

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Management actions to mitigate the impacts of invasive plant species require knowledge of the mechanisms influencing invasion success and anticipating interactions with various control options. To meet this need, I examined the impacts of the invasive plant Rubus niveus on the native communities of the Scalesia forest of Santa Cruz Island; its competitive abilities compared to some native, woody, species; and, factors affecting the invasion process. This knowledge was then used to evaluate and understand the failure of a five year eradication attempt of R. niveus on Santiago Island. Increasing densities of R. niveus had a negative effect on plant diversity and abundance also resulting in changes of forest structure. Experimental plots were used to elucidate mechanisms of how it displaced native species. Rubus niveus showed a faster growth rate and biomass production than native woody species; it also had a vastly larger seed bank. Increasing sunlight positively affected the growth, biomass production and reproduction of adult plants whereas germination was optimal at intermediate light conditions. Conversely, water stress affected mainly the performance of R. niveus whereas native species were more resilient. Although increasing native canopy cover negatively affected density of R. niveus, it still survived under low light conditions. The implication is that R. niveus rapidly invades after individual tree-falls or stand dieback but also is capable of invading undisturbed forest. After five years of intensive management of R. niveus in Santiago Island eradication seems unlikely. The invasion area continues to expand because: a failure to find all plants before they fruit, bird dispersal over long distance and the ability to colonize undisturbed areas and outcompete native vegetation. Furthermore, management actions have altered ecosystem processes. A more strategic paradigm in needed for R. niveus in Galapagos.
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Guyot-Tephany, Josselin. "Protéger la nature à l'ère de l'anthropocène : Géo-graphies de l'archipel des Galapagos (Equateur)." Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0022/document.

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La présente thèse a pour ambition d’interroger les fondements de la protection de la nature à l’ère de l’anthropocène. Le postulat de départ est que l’incapacité à répondre aux enjeux écologiques reflète les contradictions de l’ontologie naturaliste, laquelle s’est imposée comme la conception hégémonique des rapports entre humains et non humains (Descola 2005). L’argumentaire repose sur une analyse critique des politiquesdéveloppées dans un territoire emblématique du naturalisme : l’archipel des Galapagos (Équateur). Lieu fondateur des sciences naturelles, il représente l’archétype le plus abouti des figures, elles-mêmes archétypales, de l’île-laboratoire et de l’île-conservatoire. Il abrite depuis 1959 un parc national couvrant 97% des terres émergées et depuis 1998 une réserve marine parmi les plus vastes au monde. Archipel tropical le mieux conservé du monde, c’est aussi celui qui connaît la dégradation écologique la plus rapide (Snell et al. 2002). Les territoires protégés ont servi de support au développement d’un tourisme de naturequi a enclenché une intégration croissante des îles à l’économie-monde et au reste de l’espace équatorien, rompant ainsi brutalement l’isolement géographique qui garantissait leur intégrité écologique (Grenier 2000). Le tourisme a surtout été le moteur d’une croissance économique et démographique ayant engendré une rapide anthropisation des enclaves peuplées et une profonde transformation de l’espace archipélagique. Bref, les Galapagos représentent un condensé, dans le temps et l’espace, des logiques ayant conduit à entrer dans anthropocène.La thèse propose d’aborder, à travers l’exemple des Galapagos, les enjeux environnementaux de notre époque par une approche renouvelée de la géographie. Fondée comme la science des relations entre les sociétés et leur environnement, cette discipline a été une victime tardive du grand partage entre Nature et Culture se matérialisant actuellement, à propos des questions environnementales, par un tiraillement entre une géographie naturaliste et une géographie du naturalisme. Le présent travail esquisse une voie alternative à ce dualisme en posant les bases d’une géo-graphie de l’anthropocène, c’est-à-dire une étude conjointe des empreintes humaines sur terre et des récits que les acteurs et les sociétés construisent autour de celles-ci. La première partie traite successivement du rôle des territoires insulaires dans l’émergence et l’évolution des politiques de conservation, de la progressive naturalisation des Galapagos et du cadre théorique et méthodologique qui a guidé l’analyse. La deuxième partie montre comment l’ouverture géographique impulsée par l’essor du tourisme de nature a propulsé l’archipel dans l’anthropocène, mettant ainsi à l’épreuve le modèle conservationniste. La dernière partie s’intéresse à la manière dont la nature et le fait insulaire participent à l’affirmation d’un sentiment identitaire (Ospina Peralta 2001) et à des logiques multiformes et multiscalaires l’insularisation entraînant une archipellisation des Galapagos
The emergence of the conservation movement in the late XIXth century in North America turned natural protected areas into a privileged tool for preserving the living. Designed in the first place as islands of nature shielded from human hold,they were progressively integrated in the 1970s to global environmental policies aiming at reconciling conservation and development. Such a dynamics both led to the increase and diversification of protected areas. However, until now, the development of those structures did not prevent from stopping the reduction of biodiversity, a paradoxical situation that isapplying to all the ecological issues. In spite of a strong global environmental consciousness and an increase of actions, measures and environment-oriented policies, we would have entered into a new epoch characterized by the general and irreversible mark of human activities on the earth : the Anthropocene (Crutzen et Stoermer 2000).This thesis aims at questioning the foundations of nature protection in the Anthropocene era. The starting postulate is that the incapacity to meet environmental issues reflects the contradictions of the naturalist ontology which stood out as thehegemonic conception of the relationships between humans and non-humans (Descola 2005). The argumentation is based on a critical analysis of the policies developed in a territory which is quite emblematic of naturalism, i.e. the Galapagos Archipelago in Ecuador. Being a founding place of natural sciences, it represents the most accomplished archetype of the figures (themselves very archetypical) of the laboratory-island or theconservatory-island. Since 1959, the Galapagos have been sheltering national park covering 97% of the land areas and since 1998 a marine reserve, which is among the largest in the world. As the best-preserved tropical archipelago on earth, it also is the place where the environment deteriorates most rapidly (Snell et al. 2002). The protected areas were used to develop a nature-based tourism leading to an increasing integration of the islands to the world-economy and the rest of the Ecuadorian territory, thus breaking up brutally the geographical isolation that was securing their ecological integrity (ibid.). Above all, tourism was the driving force of the demographic and economic growth, which led to a quick anthropization of populated enclaves and a deep change of the archipelago’s space. In other words, the Galapagos can be seen as a concentrate, in time and space, of the logics leading to the Anthropocene.Through the example of the Galapagos, the thesis deals with the environmental issues of our epoch in order to propose a renewed approach of geography. This discipline, originally founded as the science of the relationships between societies and their environment, was later victim of the great share between Nature and Culture, whichpresently expresses itself by conflicts between a naturalist geography and a geography about naturalism. The present research suggest an alternative way to such a dualism and sets down the bases of a geography of the Anthropocene, i.e. a joint study of the human marks on the earth and the narratives that stakeholders and societies produce about them. The first part successively tackles the role played by insular territories in building conservation policies, the progressive naturalization of the Galapagos and the theoretical and methodological framework conducting our analysis. The second part deals with the way the geographical opening threw the archipelago into the Anthropocene, thus challenging conservation policies. The third part shows how nature and the insular issues pertain to multiform and multiscalar logics, leading to the archipelization of the Galapagos
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Villagomez, Diaz Darwin R. 1973. "Crustal and upper mantle structure beneath the Galapagos arechipelago from seismic tomography." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11071.

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xv, 151 p. : ill. (some col.) A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
To explain the origin of several distinct aspects of the Galápagos volcanic hotspot, such as the broad geographical extent of recent volcanism and the unusual pattern of geochemical anomalies, we conducted seismic tomography studies of the upper mantle and crust beneath the Galápagos Archipelago. The studies combine measurements of group and phase velocities of surface waves and delay times of body waves. We find that upper mantle seismic velocities are lower than those beneath other regions of comparable age in the Pacific and consistent with an excess temperature of 30 to 150°C and ∼0.5% melt. We attribute the excess temperature and presence of melt to an upwelling thermal mantle plume. Crustal seismic velocity is up to 25% lower than that of very young crust at the East Pacific Rise (EPR) and is comparable to that of Hawaii, which we attribute to heating by increased intrusive activity above the Galápagos plume and the construction of a highly porous volcanic platform. In addition, we find that the Galápagos hotspot is underlain by a high-velocity region whose thickness varies from 40 to 100 km. The tomographic images reveal that the upwelling mantle plume tilts northward (towards the nearby Galápagos Spreading Center) as it rises and then spreads laterally when it reaches the bottom the lid. The lid, which we attribute to residuum from melting, is thickest where it is farthest from the spreading center, suggesting that ridge processes may affect the generation and amount of thinning of the residuum layer. In addition, the thickness of the lid correlates well with the geographical pattern of geochemical anomalies of erupted lavas, suggesting that the lid may control the final depth of decompression melting. We conclude that many of the distinct characteristics of the Galápagos can be attributed to the interaction of the upwelling plume with the lid and the nearby ridge. We further suggest that the ridge affects the geometry of plume upwelling in the upper mantle and also the pattern of lateral spreading of the plume due to its effect on the thickness of the residuum layer. This dissertation includes previously published co-authored material.
Committee in charge: Dr. Douglas R. Toomey, Chairperson; Dr. Eugene Humphreys, Member; Dr. Emilie Hooft Toomey, Member; Dr. Paul Wallace, Member; Dr. John Conery, Outside Member
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Books on the topic "Galapagos Islands"

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Roza, Greg. The Galapagos Islands. New York: Rosen Pub. Group, 2003.

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Kras, Sara Louise. The Galapagos Islands. New York: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark, 2009.

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DeFord, Diane E. The amazing Galapagos Islands. Carlsbad, Calif: Dominie Press, 1997.

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Greenspan, Eliot. Ecuador & the Galapagos Islands. 2nd ed. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2009.

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Claudia, Caruana, ed. Galapagos. New York: Gallery Books, 1990.

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Schafer, Susan. The Galapagos tortoise. New York: Dillon Press, 1992.

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Roy, Tui De. Galapagos: Islands born of fire. Shrewsbury: Swan Hill, 1998.

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MacLean, Peter Boyd. Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands. San Ramon, CA: International Video Network, 1995.

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Art, Lane, ed. Galapagos Islands: A traveler's preview. Douglas, Mi: Pavilion Press, 1989.

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Galapagos Islands. Weigl Publishers, Incorporated, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Galapagos Islands"

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Quiroga, Diego, and Ana Sevilla. "Darwin’s Galapagos Myth." In Social and Ecological Interactions in the Galapagos Islands, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-34052-4_1.

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Meyer, Thomas. "The Galapagos Islands of Finance." In Private Equity Unchained, 172–83. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137286826_16.

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Lasso, Lorena, and José Espinosa. "Soils from the Galapagos Islands." In World Soils Book Series, 139–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25319-0_5.

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Laso, Francisco. "Galapagos is a Garden." In Social and Ecological Interactions in the Galapagos Islands, 137–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43973-6_6.

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López Andrade, Jaime Eduardo, and Diego Quiroga Ferri. "The Galapagos Urban Context." In Social and Ecological Interactions in the Galapagos Islands, 9–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99534-2_2.

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Hennessy, Elizabeth. "Mythologizing Darwin’s Islands." In Social and Ecological Interactions in the Galapagos Islands, 65–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-34052-4_5.

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Quiroga, Diego. "Changing Views of the Galapagos." In Social and Ecological Interactions in the Galapagos Islands, 23–48. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5794-7_2.

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Villacis, Byron, and Daniela Carrillo. "The Socioeconomic Paradox of Galapagos." In Social and Ecological Interactions in the Galapagos Islands, 69–85. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5794-7_4.

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Morales, Diego X., Yvon Besanger, and Ricardo D. Medina. "Complex Distribution Networks: Case Study Galapagos Islands." In Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 251–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74412-4_14.

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Valle, Carlos A. "Science and Conservation in the Galapagos Islands." In Social and Ecological Interactions in the Galapagos Islands, 1–22. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5794-7_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Galapagos Islands"

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Urquizo, Javier, Olivia Lajeunesse, Paige Bonvallet, Michael Carrigan, Nathaly Simuy Sanchez Chan, Pritpal Singh, David Lansdale, and Cesar Martin. "Upgrading the Digital Intranet in the Galapagos Islands." In 2021 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ghtc53159.2021.9612443.

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Mittelstaedt, Eric, Karen Harpp, and Darin Schwartz. "USING GRAVITY MEASUREMENTS FROM SANTA CRUZ ISLAND, GALAPAGOS TO INVESTIGATE DIFFERENCES IN MAGMATIC PLUMBING SYSTEMS BETWEEN EASTERN AND WESTERN GALAPAGOS ISLANDS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-286874.

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Llerena, Omar, Regina Franciélle Silva Paulino, and Celso Eduardo Tuna. "ASSESSING THE CURRENT STATUS OF THE ELECTRICITY SECTOR OF THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS." In 18th Brazilian Congress of Thermal Sciences and Engineering. ABCM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.encit2020.cit20-0281.

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Urquizo, Javier, Pritpal Singh, David Lansdale, Nathaly Sanchez, Karen Bermudez, Tyler Easlick, Cameron Lawrence, et al. "Laying the Foundations for a Digital Literacy Program in the Galapagos Islands." In 2020 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ghtc46280.2020.9342878.

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Murakami, Elizabeth. "Development of a Leadership Identity Among School Principals in the Galapagos Islands." In 2019 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1436172.

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Urquizo, Javier, Nathaly Sanchez, Seung Yeon Jeong, Pritpal Singh, David Lansdale, and Cesar Martin. "Digital Technology Initiatives in Response to COVID-19 Challenges in the Galapagos Islands." In 2021 IEEE Mexican Humanitarian Technology Conference (MHTC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mhtc52069.2021.9419919.

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Barriga Medina, elia. "Exploring fungal pathogens to control invasive raspberry (Rubus niveus) in the Galapagos Islands." In ASPB PLANT BIOLOGY 2020. USA: ASPB, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46678/pb.20.1383218.

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Urquizo, Javier, David Lansdale, Pritpal Singh, Sarah Chen, Lauren Henderson, Karol Pierre, Gibel Sowe, Kellimarie Cooper, Jimmy Cordova, and Cesar Martin. "Improving the Quality of Education on the Galapagos Islands through a Community Intranet." In 2019 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ghtc46095.2019.9033093.

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Jimenez, Bertha T., Audrey Alvear, Abdulazi AlYabes, and Akin Olaoye. "Technology Assessment and Selection of Renewable Energy Sources in the Galapagos Islands - Ecuador." In PICMET '07 - 2007 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/picmet.2007.4349587.

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Valencia, Esteban A., Darwin Jimenez, Victor H. Alulema, Ioannis Roumeliotis, Jimmy Montalvan, Marcelo Pozo, and Edgar Cando. "Modeling of a Series Hybrid Propulsion UAV Used for Monitoring in the Galapagos Islands." In AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2020 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2020-3960.

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Reports on the topic "Galapagos Islands"

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MARQUEST GROUP INC BOURNE MA. Remote Pilot Program Supporting the 1991 Galapagos Island Jason Project. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada251831.

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Microbial Evolution: This report is based on a colloquium convened by the American Academy of Microbiology on August 28-30, 2009, in San Cristobal, Ecuador. American Society for Microbiology, August 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aamcol.28aug.2009.

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The year 2009 marked both the 200th anniversary of Darwin's birth and the 150th anniversary of the publication of his landmark book, On the Origin of Species. In August 2009, to celebrate these milestones, the American Academy of Microbiology convened a colloquium in the Galapagos Islands, where Darwin made some of his most crucial observations, to consider a new question: what would Darwin have made of the microbial world? The ability to sail to remote sites like the Galapagos, and access to specimens collected by himself and other avid naturalists, gave Darwin the information he needed to develop a conceptual framework for understanding life's visible diversity. Today, new discoveries and technical capabilities in microbiology are providing information that for the first time makes it possible to develop a conceptual framework for deepening our understanding of the diversity of the microbial world. Darwin focused his attention on visible life forms, which actually make up only a small fraction of the living world—the invisible world of microorganisms was as yet largely unexplored in his time. Yet Darwin's theory has proven remarkably robust; despite some fundamental differences between microorganisms and the rest of the living world, the two lynchpins of Darwin's theory—descent with modification and natural selection—have proven as powerful in explaining microbial evolution as they have in explaining macrobial evolution. Since Darwin, the advent of Mendelian Genetics and the Modern Synthesis have provided a wealth of new tools to evolutionists; these tools are also of fundamental importance in the modern study of microbiology. The scientists gathered at the colloquium considered two fundamental questions: ▪ Is the balance of evolutionary mechanisms, for example natural selection or drift, or individual and group selection, consistent among microbes and similar between microbes and macrobes? ▪ How are the mode and tempo of microbial evolution influenced by Earth's diversity of environments, and the changing global environment, and how are microbes themselves driving these changes? The colloquium provided an opportunity for individuals with expertise in evolutionary biology, genetic engineering, mycology, virology, microbial ecology, and other fields to discuss these issues and review the areas in which research is needed to fill gaps in our understanding.
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