Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gall, Franz Joseph

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters

Academic literature on the topic 'Gall, Franz Joseph'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Gall, Franz Joseph"

1

Saß, H. "Franz Joseph Gall (1758–1828)." Der Nervenarzt 73, no. 5 (2002): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00115-002-1341-0.

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Eling, Paul, and Stanley Finger. "Franz Joseph Gall on hemispheric symmetries." Journal of the History of the Neurosciences 29, no. 3 (2020): 325–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0964704x.2020.1732779.

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Marshall, John C., and Jennifer M. Gurd. "Franz Joseph Gall: Genius or charlatan?" Journal of Neurolinguistics 8, no. 4 (1994): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0911-6044(94)90014-0.

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Wijdicks, Eelco. "The galling and gifted Franz Joseph Gall." Lancet Neurology 19, no. 10 (2020): 812–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(19)30225-x.

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VAN WYHE, JOHN. "The authority of human nature: the Schädellehre of Franz Joseph Gall." British Journal for the History of Science 35, no. 1 (2002): 17–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087401004599.

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This essay is the first account in English to examine Franz Joseph Gall and the origins of phrenology. In doing so a host of legends about Gall and the beginnings of phrenology, which exist only in the English-language historiography, are dispelled. An understanding of the context of phrenology's origins is essential to the historicization of the movement as a whole. The first of two sections in the essay, therefore, introduces Gall's biography and the context in which his provocative science emerged. It is shown to what extent Gall borrowed from other thinkers of his time. I show that Gall's
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Anogeianakis, George. "Franz Joseph Gall: Naturalist of the Mind, Visionary of the Brain." Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology 33, no. 2 (2020): 154–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/wnn.0000000000000230.

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Eling, Paul, and Stanley Finger. "Franz Joseph Gall on faculties in the anterior part of the brain." Revue Neurologique 174, no. 10 (2018): 737–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurol.2018.09.003.

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Zola-Morgan, S. "Localization of Brain Function: The Legacy of Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828)." Annual Review of Neuroscience 18, no. 1 (1995): 359–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ne.18.030195.002043.

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Bakharev, Dmitry Vadimovich. "Contribution of Franz Joseph Gall in the establishment of criminal anthropology. Part I. Teaching on Localization of Brain Function." Право и политика, no. 7 (July 2020): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0706.2020.7.33045.

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This article represents a brief overview of the teaching of Austrian medical scholar and natural scientist Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828) on human anthropology and psychology. Soviet science viewed Gall as a creator of pseudoscience of phrenology, although in prerevolutionary period, he received mostly complimentary assessment. For example, the prominent Russian criminalist D. A. Dril called Gall a “father of criminal anthropology”. In order to determine the objectivity of such assessments, the author attempted to distill the essence of Gall’s doctrine and assess h
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Brown, Richard E. "Review of Franz Joseph Gall: Naturalist of the mind, visionary of the brain." History of Psychology 22, no. 4 (2019): 374–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/hop0000135_d.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gall, Franz Joseph"

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Ménestrel, Alexandre. "De l'influence du système de Gall sur l'idéologie thèse présentée et soutenue à la Faculté de médecine de Paris le 10 mars 1836, pour obtenir le grade de docteur en médecine /." Paris : BIUM, 2004. http://www.bium.univ-paris5.fr/histmed/medica/cote?TPAR1836x064.

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Books on the topic "Gall, Franz Joseph"

1

Franz Joseph Gall, 1758-1828: Studien zu Leben, Werk und Wirkung. Georg Olms Verlag, 1991.

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2

Oehler-Klein, Sigrid. Die Schädellehre Franz Joseph Galls in Literatur und Kritik des 19. Jahrhunderts: Zur Rezeptionsgeschichte einer medizinisch-biologisch begründeten Theorie der Physiognomik und Psychologie. Gustav Fischer Verlag, 1990.

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3

Finger, Stanley, and Paul Eling. Franz Joseph Gall. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190464622.001.0001.

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Franz Joseph Gall (1758–1828) viewed himself as a cutting-edge scientist, whose broad goals were to understand the mind and brain, and to be able to account for both group and individual behavioral traits in humans and animals. Starting in Vienna during the 1790s, he argued for many independent faculties of mind (e.g., music, calculation), ultimately settling on 27, with 8 being unique to humans. At the same time, he became the first person to provide evidence for cortical localization of function, the idea that the cerebral cortex is composed of specialized functional areas or organs, as he p
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4

Eling, Paul, and Stanley Finger. Franz Joseph Gall: Naturalist of the Mind, Visionary of the Brain. Oxford University Press, Incorporated, 2019.

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Book chapters on the topic "Gall, Franz Joseph"

1

Bartolucci, Chiara, Giovanni Pietro Lombardo, Roger K. Thomas, et al. "Gall, Franz Josef." In Encyclopedia of the History of Psychological Theories. Springer US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0463-8_158.

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2

Tyler, H. R. "Gall, Franz Joseph." In Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-385157-4.00884-8.

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Tyler, H. Richard. "Gall, Franz Joseph." In Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-12-226870-9/01104-7.

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4

Finger, Stanley. "The Brain and Its Functions Prior to Gall." In Franz Joseph Gall. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190464622.003.0004.

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Very little was known about the brain, its structural organization, and its functions when Gall began his dissections of animals, autopsies on people, and studies of individuals with congenital or acquired brain damage. In particular, the cerebral cortex had been either ignored or looked upon as a unified organ with a single function, such as memory. Emanuel Swedenborg was the only person prior to Gall to conclude with supportive evidence that it must be comprised of a number of distinct functional areas. Swedenborg’s insights from the mid-1700s were based on cases of brain damage, anatomy, and logic, but remained unknown to scientists and physicians when Gall began formulating his own ideas in the rapidly changing Zeitgeist at the end of the century.
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Finger, Stanley. "Formative Years and Childhood Memories." In Franz Joseph Gall. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190464622.003.0001.

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Franz Joseph Gall, who was born into a large family in the small German town of Tiefenbronn in 1758. Often called Joseph (not Franz) during his formative years, he enjoyed nature, especially watching and catching birds and wild animals, and also collecting specimens. He began his studies in the house of the brother of an uncle, a priest in the nearby town of Weil der Stadt, before moving on to a lyceum in Baden and then on to Bruchsal. Wanting a secular career, he enrolled in the University of Strasbourg in 1777, where he studied anatomy and medicine. He would later reflect that the good memorizers at Strasbourg and of his earlier years had a correlative physical feature: large, bulging eyes. But at the time, he seemed committed to time-honored theories of mind and brain. Completing his medical education in Vienna in 1785, he aspired to become a physician to the wealthy in the city.
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Finger, Stanley. "An Emerging Theory." In Franz Joseph Gall. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190464622.003.0002.

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Gall built a successful practice after obtaining his medical degree in 1785. He lived in a fashionable part of Vienna and in 1790 married Katharina Leisler, who he knew from Strasbourg. He published his first book in 1791, a philosophical work on the mind and the art of healing, in which he dispensed with metaphysics and loosely presented some ideas (e.g., innate faculties, individual differences) but not others (e.g., localizing faculties) that he would develop in his later “organology.” Shortly after, he met a young musical prodigy named Bianchi, who was ordinary in other ways. Although this convinced him that music had to be an innate faculty of mind, he did not correlate this trait with a distinctive cranial bump at this time. Nonetheless, her case seemed to have reminded him of the good memorizers of his youth, who had bulging eyes, also leading him to his new theory of mind. By 1796, he was lecturing from his home about many independent faculties of mind, the parts of the brain associated with them, and skull markers as a means to correlate behavioral functions with underlying brain structures. Two years later, he published a letter to Joseph Friedrich Freiherr Retzer, the Viennese censor, laying out his doctrine and methods with humans and animals. In it, he presented himself as a physiognomist.
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Finger, Stanley. "Physiognomy." In Franz Joseph Gall. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190464622.003.0003.

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Gall considered his new science a part of physiognomy, the idea that physical features are revealing of character. This idea, accepted by Hippocrates and promoted by the Aristotelians, can also be found in Galen’s influential writings from the second century AD, as well as in later books with pictures of men having features like cows and lions and personalities to match. Lavater’s well-illustrated physiognomy books from the 1770s were still very popular when Gall developed his doctrine. But unlike his predecessors, who he depreciated, Gall focused entirely on the head, and related cranial features to distinct higher brain parts, which he associated with different functions. In brief, his physiognomy, with its emphasis on the brain and its functions, represented a major break with past formulations and was presented as revolutionary.
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Finger, Stanley. "The Nature of Soul, or Is It Just Nature?" In Franz Joseph Gall. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190464622.003.0005.

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Gall wanted to develop a science based on what could be observed and felt—one devoid of metaphysics. Unlike Descartes, whose separation of the soul and the physical body was still very influential, especially among the faithful, he felt speculating about the soul was superfluous for understanding the mind and brain. He was a firm believer in the Great Chain of Being, and viewed humans not as having an “immaterial principle,” but instead as having a more highly developed brain than other animals. And rather than debating the unity of the soul or whether it is immortal, he chose to emphasize how specific behaviors could be affected by brain damage, maturation, cerebral atrophy, and the like. Gall’s faculties of mind helped humans and other animals survive and cope with everyday life, and he saw them as far more dependent on nature than on nurture. With this mindset, he felt able to account for both species differences and individual strengths and weaknesses. More than to anyone else, Gall was indebted to Prussian philosopher Johann Gottfried Herder for providing him with this philosophical orientation.
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Finger, Stanley. "A Man of Skulls, and More." In Franz Joseph Gall. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190464622.003.0006.

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Gall used various methods when studying people and animals, including dissecting brains, studying individuals with brain damage and diseases, and correlating brain development with the advent of specific behaviors. His primary method, however, was examining the heads and skulls of groups of people either very strong or unusually weak in a behavioral trait, or interviewing people with unusual cranial features, and correlating his craniological observations (e.g., bumps, depressions) with specific mental functions. As shown in this chapter, he had to rely heavily on skulls because he did not have access to adequate numbers of brains of exceptional people, other than lunatics and criminals, and because he did not have good ways of preserving the brains he could get. He also collected skulls showing age-related changes, and amassed a large number of head casts of living or deceased exceptional men, women, and children.
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Finger, Stanley. "Of Animal Heads and Animal Tales." In Franz Joseph Gall. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190464622.003.0007.

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Animals played significant roles in Gall’s research program, in which he viewed humans as merely having more complex and better developed brains. Studying lowly animals, barnyard animals, wild animals, and pets helped reveal what makes us human, both behaviorally and with regard to brain development, while providing a natural backdrop on which life can be viewed on a continuum (i.e., a Great Chain of Being, albeit one devoid of supernatural entities). Gall even compared animals to humans with brain injuries and diseases. Further, he was an animal lover who always had pets around him, and he did not hesitate to mention how observing animals, including his pet dogs, birds, and monkeys, helped him discover particular faculties and their locations. He also did everything he could to encourage people to send him stories of exceptional animals and, ideally, their heads or skulls when they died. He did not, however, look favorably on brain lesion experiments with animals, railing against such mutilations as having so many problems that they could not convey clear and reliable information. Nonetheless, he did conduct a few experiments of his own to see if the findings of others, including Pierre Flourens, could be verified.
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