Journal articles: 'Galle Fort (Sri Lanka)'

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SOUTER, C. "Stone anchors near Black Fort, Galle, Sri Lanka." International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 27, no. 4 (November 1998): 331–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1057-2414(98)80005-8.

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Souter, Corioli. "Stone anchors near Black Fort, Galle, Sri Lanka." International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 27, no. 4 (November 1998): 331–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-9270.1998.tb00813.x.

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TAKAMATSU, Kenichiro, Shuji FUNO, Masao ANDO, Kyota YAMADA, and Eiji NEGAMI. "CONSIDERATIONS ON BLOCK FORMATION AND HOUSE TYPES IN GALLE FORT, SRI LANKA." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 67, no. 560 (2002): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.67.229_2.

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Rajapakse, Amanda. "Exploring the Living Heritage of Galle Fort: Residents’ Views on Heritage Values and Cultural Significance." Journal of Heritage Management 2, no. 2 (December 2017): 95–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455929617743583.

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The Galle Fort of Sri Lanka was inscribed as a World Heritage Site in 1988 by UNESCO on the basis of criterion (iv) of the outstanding universal value (OUV), which places clear emphasis on the physical exceptionality of the site. Its living, intangible heritage is only given partial recognition in the definition of cultural and universal significance of the place. At present, the living heritage of Galle Fort is a forgotten and neglected entity. Emerging theories on heritage discourse recognize that the OUV of living heritage sites are in a state of evolution and transformation and is not a, fixed notion that remains unchanged in time and place. This aspect requires frequent exploration in order to determine necessary improvements to be made to conservation and management strategies. The article focuses on heritage values attached to Galle Fort by its living community. In-depth interviews with a cross section of the community disclosed that the residents of Galle Fort lay greater emphasis on the social value of the place. They have pronounced concerns on the risks posed to the social value by commercial and tourism gentrification taking place. The study raises awareness of the importance of the residents’ values in informing, guiding, managing and conserving the cultural significance and OUV of Galle Fort for posterity.

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Gamage, Upeksha. "The Truth about Sale of Antique Items in Sri Lanka: An Inquisitor Study of the Antiques Market in the Galle Fort." International Journal of Archaeology 6, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ija.20180601.11.

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Rathnayake, Nirmala, Janaka Lenora, Gayani Alwis, and Sarath Lekamwasam. "Prevalence and Severity of Menopausal Symptoms and the Quality of Life in Middle-aged Women: A Study from Sri Lanka." Nursing Research and Practice 2019 (July 1, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2081507.

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Menopausal symptoms and quality of life (QOL) of pre- and postmenopausal women in Sri Lanka have not been studied adequately. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms and the QOL of pre- and postmenopausal women in Galle District, Sri Lanka. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a randomly selected sample of premenopausal (n=184) and postmenopausal (n=166) community-dwelling healthy women aged 30-60 years. The mean (SD) ages of pre- and postmenopausal women, respectively, were 46.1(3.7) and 55.8(3.8) years. Menopausal symptoms were evaluated using the menopause rating scale under three subscales: psychological symptoms, somatovegetative symptoms, and urogenital symptoms. The QOL was evaluated using the short form 36 survey under eight domains. Further, sociodemographic status, gynaecologic factors, physical activity pattern (walking, moderate, and vigorous), body mass index, and waist to hip ratio were also evaluated. The prevalence and severity of all the menopausal symptoms were higher among postmenopausal women. In premenopausal women, the most frequently reported menopausal symptoms were mental exhaustion (49.5%), joint and muscular discomforts (48.5%), and irritability (41.3%). Physical and mental exhaustion (53%), irritability (48.2%), depressive mood (43.4%), and hot flushes (42.2%) were the most frequently reported menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women. The QOL was significantly impaired among postmenopausal women [mean (SD); 57.47(18.83)] compared to premenopausal women [mean (SD); 66.82(17.93)] (p<0.001). Psychological symptoms score and somatovegetative symptoms score were associated with the QOL of premenopausal women (adjusted R2; 0.35). Somatovegetative symptoms score, psychological symptoms score, moderate and vigorous physical activity scores, and monthly income were associated with the QOL in postmenopausal women (adjusted R2; 0.38). The current study showed that the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms and impaired QOL were significantly higher among postmenopausal women, compared to premenopausal women. Menopausal symptoms mostly contributed to the poorer QOL in both pre- and postmenopausal women.

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Rathnaweera, R. H. A. I. "Trends of suicides in Galle-Sri Lanka." Medico-Legal Journal of Sri Lanka 2, no. 1 (December 15, 2015): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/mljsl.v2i1.7306.

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Rathnaweera, R. H. A. I. "Trends of homicides in Galle-Sri Lanka." Medico-Legal Journal of Sri Lanka 3, no. 1 (January 14, 2016): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/mljsl.v3i1.7318.

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Laura Hernandez. "Rich Ideas and Reconciliation in Galle, Sri Lanka." World Literature Today 86, no. 6 (2012): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.7588/worllitetoda.86.6.0005.

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Zysk, Kenneth G., and Hella Wellmer. "Galle: Geomedizinische Analyse einer Küstenstadt auf Sri Lanka (Ceylon)." Journal of the American Oriental Society 112, no. 1 (January 1992): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/604644.

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Morrissey, Hana, Shukry Zawahir, Sujeewa Hettihewa, and Patrick Ball. "CLINICAL PHARMACY IN GALLE SRI LANKA, COLLABORATION AND FRIENDSHIP." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 14 (August 12, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017v10s3.21354.

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Pharmacy undergraduate courses in Ruhuna, while is more practice focus than many of the other courses in Sri Lanka, it is still missing clinical pharmacy elements. Collaboration between academic staff from Ruhuna University and two international clinical pharmacy academics was established in 2014. The aim of this paper is to report on a clinical pharmacy training program, delivered by the international academics and supported by the Sri Lankan academics to pharmacy students in 2015-2016. After short conceptualisation lecture on each topic, there was a workshop which was structured as team case-based learning progressive case studies. Topics included mental health, pharmacokinetics, interpreting laboratory results, parenteral drug compatibility, special hospital compounding and medication review, of which all were assessed in the final examination. Student found team based learning to be engaging and enabled them to independently and critically think in a safe environment and preferable over the traditional lectures.

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De Silva, K., C. Liyanage, C. Wijesinghe, and B. Perera. "Nutritional status of elders in Galle district, Sri Lanka." Galle Medical Journal 22, no. 1 (March 28, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/gmj.v22i1.7958.

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Thevasiyani, T., and K. Perera. "Statistical analysis of extreme ocean waves in Galle, Sri Lanka." Weather and Climate Extremes 5-6 (October 2014): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2014.07.003.

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Dobrowolska, Ksenia. "Types of weather at selected meteorological stations in Sri Lanka." Contemporary Trends in Geoscience 3, no. 1 (September 1, 2014): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ctg-2014-0028.

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Abstract The paper aims to present the structure of weather types at two meteorological stations Galle and Nuwara Eliya (Sri Lanka). The weather type is determined as a generalized characteristic of the weather by features and gradation of selected meteorological elements. All available data on daily average, maximum and minimum air temperature, the average daily total cloud amount and the daily precipitation amount come from OGIMET database and have been used to designate weather types. The analysis was performed for the period April 2002 - March 2012. The weather types were designated based on the modified A. Woś (2010) classification of weather types. The frequency of groups, subgroups, classes, and types of weather were determined. Additionally, determined frequency of sequences of days with the same weather type. The analysis allows to conclude, that the structure of weather types at both stations was poorly differentiated. There were very stable weather conditions. In Galle, the most frequent was very warm, partly cloudy weather, without precipitation (920) and in Nuwara Eliya warm, partly cloudy weather without precipitation (820).

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Harshani Warnakulasooriya, Pavithra, and S. Mahendra Arnold. "COVID-19 AND ATTITUDES OF GROUND-LEVEL PUBLIC HEALTH STAFF IN SRI LANKA." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 5 (May 31, 2021): 864–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12915.

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Introduction: Health care workers (HCW) face considerable mental and physical stress caring for patients with Covid-19. Their attitudes towards COVID-19 are important both in the prevention as well treatment of the disease. Aims: To assess the attitudes toward coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) among community healthcare workers at Regional Director of Health Services area Galle district, Sri Lanka. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study was carried out between August 2020 and January 2021 at the Regional Director of Health Services area Galle district, Sri Lanka. Methods and Material: All community healthcare workers who were directly involved in COVID-19 in Galle district, Sri Lanka were recruited for the study, and the data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was done to describe the demographic factors and attitudes Chi-square test was used to assess the relationship between the level of attitude and demographic factors. Statistical analysis used: Chi-square test. Results: Of the community health workers 71%(n=84) had a positive attitude indicating a good attitude regarding the COVID-19 prevention strategies. Nearly 91%(n=107) of the population agreed to vaccination against COVID-19. There was no statistically significant association between attitude on COVID-19 with sex, age, marital status, educational level, service period, and category of occupation. Conclusions: A majority of healthcare workers had positive attitudes toward COVID-19. Additional awareness and continuous knowledge updates are required for healthcare workers to sustain positive attitudes during the pandemic.

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Wijeyewickrema, Anil C., Shusaku Inoue, Priyantha Gunaratna, Manoj Madurapperuma, Hiroyuki Matsumoto, Hiroyuki Miura, and Toru Sekiguchi. "Field Survey of the Tsunami Caused by the Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake of December 26, 2004 and the Restoration of Impacted Inland Water Bodies in Sri Lanka." Journal of Disaster Research 1, no. 1 (August 1, 2006): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2006.p0123.

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The magnitude 9.0 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake on December 26, 2004, was one of the world's largest since 1900. The devastating tsunami resulting from it caused more casualties than any previously reported tsunami. This paper describes two field visits to assess tsunami damage in Sri Lanka by a team of Japanese and Sri Lankan researchers and environmental restoration plans for tsunami-impacted inland water bodies. The first field visit, Dec. 30, 2004-Jan. 04, 2005, covered western, southwestern and southern Sri Lanka and included the cities of Beruwala, Pereliya, Hikkaduwa, Galle, Talpe, Matara, and Hambantota. The second field visit, March 10-18, 2005, covered northeastern, eastern, southeastern and southern Sri Lanka and included Trincomalee, Kuchchaveli, Pasikkudah, Batticaloa, Arugam Bay, Yala (National Park), and Kirinda. Eyewitness information on wave arrival times is also discussed.

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Ubeysekara, H. A., W. M. D. G. B. Wijayaratne, P. Fonseka, and S. Wimalasundara. "Prevalence of low vision among adults in Galle District, Sri Lanka." Galle Medical Journal 25, no. 1 (April 10, 2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/gmj.v25i1.8012.

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Wellmer, Hella. "GALLE - A geomedical approach to a coastal town in Sri Lanka (Ceylon)." Ceylon Journal of Medical Science 43, no. 2 (December 26, 2000): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/cjms.v43i2.4873.

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VD L. A. Vithanage, A. "Prevalence of Burnout among Doctors in Teaching Hospitals in Galle Sri Lanka." European Journal of Preventive Medicine 3, no. 2 (2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.s.2015030201.11.

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Karunarathna, D. M. S. Suranjan, and A. A. Thasun Amarasinghe. "Reptile diversity in Beraliya Mukalana Proposed Forest Reserve, Galle District, Sri Lanka." TAPROBANICA: The Journal of Asian Biodiversity 4, no. 1 (May 31, 2012): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/tapro.v4i1.4378.

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Gong, E. "Road traffic injuries and near misses among adolescents in Galle, Sri Lanka." Annals of Global Health 81, no. 1 (March 12, 2015): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2015.02.967.

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MADUWAGE, KALANA, ANJANA SILVA, KELUM MANAMENDRA-ARACHCHI, and ROHAN PETHIYAGODA. "A taxonomic revision of the South Asian hump-nosed pit vipers (Squamata: Viperidae: Hypnale)." Zootaxa 2232, no. 1 (September 15, 2009): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2232.1.1.

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The hump-nosed pit vipers of the genus Hypnale are of substantial medical importance in Sri Lanka and India, being included among the five snakes most frequently associated with life-threatening envenoming in humans. The genus has hitherto been considered to comprise three species: H. hypnale, common to Sri Lanka and the Western Ghats of peninsular India; and H. nepa and H. walli, both of which are endemic to Sri Lanka. The latter two species have frequently been confused in the literature. Here, through a review of all extant name-bearing types in the genus, supplemented by examination of preserved specimens, we show that H. nepa is restricted to the higher elevations of Sri Lanka’s central mountains; that H. walli is a junior synonym of H. nepa; and that the endemic species widely distributed in the island’s south-western ‘wet-zone’ lowlands is H. zara. We also draw attention to a possibly new species known only from a single specimen collected near Galle in southern Sri Lanka. We illustrate all four species in colour, and provide a key to their identification and maps delineating their distribution.

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Karunasena, Gayani, Raufdeen Rameezdeen, and Dilanthi Amarathunga. "Post-Disaster C&D Waste Management: The Case of COWAM Project in Sri Lanka." Australasian Journal of Construction Economics and Building - Conference Series 1, no. 2 (February 5, 2013): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb-cs.v1i2.3167.

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Waste management is considered to be the weakest phase in responding to a disaster. This became apparent when Sri Lanka suffered enormously from the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004. The City of Galle located on the south coast was severely affected by this event, causing some 4000 deaths and destroying over 15000 houses. The Construction Waste Management (COWAM) project funded by the European Union from 2005-2009 looked at the most sustainable ways of dealing with Construction & Demolition (C&D) waste after a disaster and devised a pilot C&D recycling plant (COWAM Centre) in Galle. This paper reflects on the C&D waste management practices followed by the city authorities during the recovery and reconstruction phase right up to the operation of the COWAM Centre with the intention of seeking best practices for the future. As part of the COWAM case study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with municipal authorities and voluntary organizations to identify the C&D waste management process followed during recovery and reconstruction. Empirical data was collected from actual demolition sites located in Galle to establish the quantity of C&D waste, composition, hazardous substances found, and collection efficiency. Findings revealed that waste was disposed initially into temporary dumping sites and later re-cycled through the COWAM Centre. However, this study found many issues that could have been avoided if Galle Municipal Council had planned and implemented a quick C&D waste management strategy. Key issues which arose were lack of heavy vehicles, lack of manpower, inability to forecast the amount and composition of waste, and inability to identify suitable temporary dumping sites. The characteristics of C&D waste gave a baseline for the design of COWAM Centre. The paper presents a viable approach to overcome issues pertaining to C&D waste management during the aftermath of a disaster through the lessons learned from the COWAM project.

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Wickramaarachchi, T. N., H. Ishidaira, and J. Magome. "Spatial-statistical Approach to Evaluate Land Use Change in Galle DSD, Sri Lanka." Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 11, no. 10 (December 5, 2015): 1041–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.19026/rjaset.11.2117.

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Nadeesha, Sooriarachchi. "Promotion of agro tourism in rural areas of Galle district in Sri Lanka." MOJ Current Research & Reviews 1, no. 4 (July 26, 2018): 170–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojcrr.2018.01.00027.

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Agampodi, Thilini Chanchala, Suneth Buddhika Agampodi, and Pushpa Fonseka. "Prevalence of Mental Health Problems in Adolescent Schoolchildren in Galle District, Sri Lanka." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 23, no. 4 (May 10, 2010): 588–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539509349866.

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Gong, Enying, Vijitha De Silva, Hemajith Tharindra, and Catherine Staton. "615 Built environment around high schools in galle, Sri Lanka: an observatory study." Injury Prevention 22, Suppl 2 (September 2016): A220.3—A221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042156.615.

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Rolfe, Robert J., Florida Muro, Furaha Lyamuya, Charles M. Kwobah, Tianchen Sheng, Dammalage Lasanthi Bhagya Piyasiri, Champica K. Bodinayake, et al. "158. A multi-site, prospective study of antimicrobial prescribing practices in three low- or middle-income country hospitals." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S88—S89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.203.

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Abstract Background Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are being developed internationally to mitigate the misuse of antimicrobials. An understanding of current practices and prescribing patterns is necessary to determine targets to develop context-specific ASPs in low- and middle-income country (LMIC) hospitals. Methods We conducted a prospective study of patients admitted to the adult medical wards at three LMIC tertiary care centers in 2018- 2019: a 1,800-bed public hospital in Galle, Sri Lanka; a 991-bed public hospital in Eldoret, Kenya; and a 630-bed private hospital in Moshi, Tanzania. Information regarding antimicrobial therapy received during hospitalization, indications for antimicrobial therapy, and duration of antimicrobial use were extracted from the medical record. Results In total, 3150 patients were enrolled: 1297 in Sri Lanka, 750 in Kenya, and 1103 in Tanzania. Antimicrobial use prevalence varied between the three sites, with 56.0% of patients receiving antimicrobials during hospitalization in Sri Lanka, 56.5% in Kenya, and 35.4% in Tanzania. Third-generation cephalosporins were used most frequently in Kenya (70.0%) and Tanzania (73.1%), whereas amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid was used most frequently in Sri Lanka (48.4%). Lower respiratory tract infection was the most common indication for antimicrobial use in all three locations: 37.4% in Sri Lanka, 27.8% in Kenya, and 49.2% in Tanzania. No clear indication for antimicrobial use was documented among 11.6% patients receiving antimicrobials in Sri Lanka, 32.8% in Kenya, and 10.5% in Tanzania. In Tanzania, 8.6% of the patients had documentation of input from the microbiology or infectious diseases teams compared to less than 1% in either Sri Lanka or Kenya. Pertinent culture data related to the primary indication for antimicrobials was present in 16.1% (Sri Lanka), 6.1% (Kenya), and 7.4% (Tanzania). Conclusion Unclear documentation for antimicrobial use was common in all three sites and most patients on antimicrobial therapy did not have pertinent culture data. Improving documentation and the capacity of the local microbiology laboratories could be initial targets for ASPs in these LMIC hospitals. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Charlton, Sally, Gerard O’Reilly, Tamsin Jones, and Mark Fitzgerald. "Emergency care in developing nations: The role of emergency nurses in Galle, Sri Lanka." Australasian Emergency Nursing Journal 14, no. 2 (May 2011): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aenj.2011.03.004.

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SUK, Jihye, Nuwan Prasad Aravinda, Vijitha DeSilva, Shayna Clancy, L. Gayani Tillekeratne, and Truls Østbye. "Knowledge and Attitudes toward HIV and People Living with HIV (PLWH) among Public Health Midwives in the Galle District, Sri Lanka." Gestão e Sociedade 14, no. 40 (August 31, 2020): 3965–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21171/ges.v14i40.3337.

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This cross-sectional study aimed to assess HIV-related knowledge and attitudes of PHMs, the frontline community health workers in Sri Lanka. Two-hundred and ninety-one PHMs were recruited. PHMs’ knowledge level was good (79.9% of answers were correct) but could be improved. Those more knowledgeable about HIV and with higher education demonstrated a more positive attitude toward PLWH. A more negative attitude, less training and older age were associated with having a stronger intention to engage in extra precautionary behaviors. PHMs need further HIV training to improve their knowledge to better educate the community. By reducing PHMs misperceptions about HIV, they may develop a more positive attitude and thus help reduce the general public’s stigma associated with PLWH. Keywords: HIV, PLWH, Stigma, attitude, community health workers, midwives, Asia, Sri Lanka

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Dissanayake, DMSLB. "Land Use Change and Its Impacts on Land Surface Temperature in Galle City, Sri Lanka." Climate 8, no. 5 (May 18, 2020): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli8050065.

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This study investigated the spatiotemporal changes of land use land cover (LULC) and its impact on land surface temperature (LST) in the Galle Municipal Council area (GMCA), Sri Lanka. The same was achieved by employing the multi-temporal satellite data and geo-spatial techniques between 1996 and 2019. The post-classification change detection technique was employed to determine the temporal changes of LULC, and its results were utilized to assess the LST variation over the LULC changes. The results revealed that the area had undergone a drastic LULC transformation. It experienced 38% increase in the built-up area, while vegetation and non-built-up area declined by 26% and 12%, respectively. Rapid urban growth has had a significant effect on the LST, and the built-up area had the highest mean LST of 22.7 °C, 23.2 °C, and 26.3 °C for 1996, 2009, and 2019, correspondingly. The mean LST of the GMCA was 19.2 °C in 1996, 20.1 °C in 2009, and 22.4 °C in 2019. The land area with a temperature above 24 °C increased by 9% and 12% in 2009 and 2019, respectively. The highest LST variation (5.5 °C) was observed from newly added built-up area, which was also transferred from vegetation land. Meanwhile, the lowest mean LST difference was observed from newly added vegetation land. The results show that the mean annual LST increased by 3.2 °C in the last 22 years in GMCA. This study identified significant challenges for urban planners and respective administrative bodies to mitigate and control the negative effect of LST for the long livability of Galle City.

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Jayasinghe, Buddhini Chathurika, G. P. T. S. Hemakumara, and Piyadasa Hewage. "Socio-Demographic Factors Influencing the Extent of Residential Green Spaces in Galle City, Sri Lanka." International Journal of E-Planning Research 10, no. 1 (January 2021): 58–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2021010104.

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Due to increasing urbanization, the distribution of human settlements is changing and this has led to the rapid decline of vegetation cover in cities and townships. Urbanization tends to decrease the proportion of land that is dedicated to public green spaces. Therefore, residential gardens (private gardens) will need to play a major role in contributing to urban green space in future though presently little attention is given to their relative value and importance. Several factors influence the function of residential gardens in an urban area. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the socio demographic factors that influence the size and presence of residential green spaces in an urban residential zone. As a case study, this research selected a primary residential zone in Galle City, Sri Lanka. Every housing unit (n=280) in a residential zone was surveyed to collect the data for multiple regression analysis. The analysis showed that factors such as land extent (LE), nature orientation (NO), perceptions about advantages of growing residential greenery (PA), perception about disadvantages resulting from residential garden (PDA), occupational status (husband and wife are not occupied) (D1), and their educational level (higher than degree) (D2) significantly affect to the extent of green area maintained by an urban residence. The relationship between extent of residential green space (EGA) and socio demographic factors can be explained by this model: EGA = 0.091 + 0.003LE + 0.060NO + 0.030PA – 0.040PDA + 0.198D1 + 0.240D2.

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De Silva, Malith. "Involuntary disaster relocation and its impact on children: a case study in Galle, Sri Lanka." Procedia Engineering 212 (2018): 190–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2018.01.025.

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Sathiparan, Navaratnarajah. "An assessment of building vulnerability to a tsunami in the Galle coastal area, Sri Lanka." Journal of Building Engineering 27 (January 2020): 100952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.100952.

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Stankevitz, Kayla, Catherine Staton, Ashley Schoenfisch, Vijitha de Silva, Hemajith Tharindra, Marissa Stroo, and Truls Ostbye. "Prevalence of occupational injury and its contributing factors among rubber tappers in Galle, Sri Lanka." International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health 22, no. 4 (October 2016): 333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10773525.2016.1247026.

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Malkanthi, S. H. P., A. M. Thenuwara, and W. A. R. N. Weerasinghe. "Attitude of Vegetable Farmers in Galle District in Sri Lanka Towards Good Agricultural Practices (GAP)." Contemporary Agriculture 70, no. 1-2 (May 26, 2021): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/contagri-2021-0010.

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Summary Vegetable farmers are facing a number of challenges including price fluctuations, production and marketing problems, low level of income etc. One strategy to overcome these problems is adoption of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) in vegetable production. However, there is limited information regarding farmers’ awareness of GAP and its applications under the circumstances of farming in the country. Therefore, assessing farmers’ attitude is a timely requirement for directing farmers towards good agricultural practices. Thus, the objectives of the research were to assess the level of awareness of GAP program, relationship between socio-economic factors and awareness of GAP, farmers’ attitudes towards GAP program, factors affecting the willingness to adopt GAP program and the potentials and constraints in implementing GAP program in Galle District. A sample of 100 vegetable farmers in the district was selected through a multi-stage simple random sampling technique. Data were collected from March to July 2018, through a self-administered questionnaire survey and analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test. The results revealed that the majority of vegetable farmers in the district were middle-aged males who had studied up to GCE ordinary level and they received a monthly income of 24000 LKR. Their age, gender, educational level and experience were significantly associated with the level of awareness of GAP program. However, despite their positive attitude towards GAP, most farmers were unwilling to take a risk to adopt GAP due to many issues such as lack of required inputs, capital, required field conditions, information and technical know-how. There are several potentials and also many constraints for implementing GAP in the district. Therefore, providing firstly better theoretical knowledge and then providing the main requirements will motivate more farmers to adopt GAP in their vegetable production procedures. Research studies related to application of GAP by Sri Lankan farmers are still at a lower level. This research thus will be useful for different stakeholders related to adoption of GAP in Sri Lanka.

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Jayasinghe, D. B. C., G. P. T. S. Hemakumara, and P. Hewage. "Socioeconomic functions of private green spaces in a residential zone of Galle city, Sri Lanka." Bhumi, The Planning Research Journal 8, no. 1 (September 27, 2021): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/bhumi.v8i1.77.

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Laknath, D. P. C., N. R. Josiah, K. A. H. S. Sewwandi, and S. Araki. "SIMULATION OF 2004 TSUNAMI INUNDATION IN GALLE CITY IN SRI LANKA AND REVISIT THE PRESENT EVACUATION MEASURES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36v (December 31, 2020): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36v.papers.36.

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Tsunami inundation was successfully reproduced for the Galle City, Sri Lanka using Delft3D-Flow model and Delft Dashboard Tsunami Tool. Previously identified tsunami hazard maps agreed with the simulation results. Existing tsunami early warning system and preparedness for evacuation are in a favourable condition. Based on the outcome of numerical simulation and field investigations, suitable horizontal evacuation measures were proposed, and vertical evacuation points were suggested primarily considering the identified hazardous zones with lack of proposed buildings and evacuation routes in previous studies.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/g4V0c8GQepE

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Mutucumarana, Charmaine P., Champica K. Bodinayake, Ajith Nagahawatte, Vasantha Devasiri, Ruvini Kurukulasooriya, Thamali Anuradha, Aruna Dharshan De Silva, et al. "Geospatial analysis of dengue emergence in rural areas in the Southern Province of Sri Lanka." Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 114, no. 6 (December 24, 2019): 408–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trz123.

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Abstract Background Dengue is a major cause of acute febrile illness in Sri Lanka. Dengue has historically been considered an urban disease. In 2012–2013, we documented that acute dengue was surprisingly associated with self-reported rural residence in the Southern Province of Sri Lanka. Methods Patients admitted with an acute febrile illness were enrolled from June 2012–May 2013 in a cross-sectional surveillance study at the largest tertiary care hospital in the Southern Province. Acute dengue was diagnosed by serology and virology testing. Site visits were performed to collect residential geographical coordinates. Spatial variation in odds of acute dengue was modeled using a spatial generalized additive model predicted onto a grid of coordinate pairs covering the Southern Province. Results Of 800 patients, 333 (41.6%) had laboratory-confirmed acute dengue. Dengue was spatially heterogeneous (local probability of acute dengue 0.26 to 0.42). There were higher than average odds of acute dengue in the rural northeast of the Southern Province and lower than average odds in the urbanized southwest of the Southern Province, including the city Galle. Conclusions Our study further affirms the emergence of dengue in rural southern Sri Lanka and highlights both the need for real-time geospatial analyses to optimize public health activities as well as the importance of strengthening dengue surveillance in non-urban areas.

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Sandika, AL, and NY Hirimuthugoda. "Socio-Economic and Livelihood Related Issues of Crab Collectors in Koggala Lagoon in Galle Sri Lanka." Tropical Agricultural Research and Extension 14, no. 2 (October 26, 2012): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/tare.v14i2.4837.

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Patabendige, M., PM Lambiyas, N. Liyanagama, M. Medawala, SI Liyanage, MMTM Karunathilaka, and KADLR Kularathna. "Factors related to healthy sexuality among a group of secondary school students in Galle, Sri Lanka." Galle Medical Journal 18, no. 1 (May 8, 2013): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/gmj.v18i1.5518.

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Reynolds, Lindy M., Vijitha De Silva, Shayna Clancy, Anjni Joiner, Catherine A. Staton, and Truls Østbye. "Predictors of ambulance transport to first health facility among injured patients in southern Sri Lanka." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 25, 2021): e0253410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253410.

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Background Injuries account for about 13% of all registered deaths in Sri Lanka and are the leading cause of admission to public hospitals. Prehospital trauma care is new to Sri Lanka, and in 2016, a free ambulance service was launched in the Western and Southern provinces. Objective The aim of this study was to identify the proportion of admitted injury patients at a tertiary hospital who used an ambulance to get to the first health facility and examine patient demographics, injury event, and injury type as predictors of ambulance transport. Methods A cross-sectional survey was administered to 405 patients who were admitted to the emergency trauma center at Teaching Hospital Karapitiya (THK) in Galle, Sri Lanka. Descriptive statistics were tabulated to summarize prehospital transportation variables. Logistic regression models were created to examine predictors of ambulance transport, and ArcGIS Pro was used to calculate the distance between injury location and first facility and THK. Results The proportion of patients with injuries who used an ambulance to get to the first health facility was 20.5%. Factors that were significantly associated with ambulance use were older age, injury mechanism, alcohol use prior to injury, location type, open wound, abrasion, and chest/abdomen injury. Distance from injury location to THK or nearest health facility were not significantly associated with ambulance transport to the first health facility. Conclusion Among lower acuity injury patients in southern Sri Lanka, 20.5% traveled in an ambulance to the first health facility, while over half used a tuk tuk. Older age and injuries at home were associated with lower odds of ambulance transport. Future studies on predictors of ambulance transport should include patients with more severe injuries, gather detailed data on care provided while in transport and examine the association between prehospital care and clinical outcomes.

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Kirkorowicz, JM, P. Sapukotana, PV De Silva, M. Noda, JS De Oliveira, and T. Østbye. "Work-Related Stress and Substance Use as Risk Factors for Chronic Disease Among Three-Wheel Drivers in Galle, Sri Lanka: A Qualitative Study." International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 3, no. 2 (February 10, 2014): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijosh.v3i2.7662.

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Background: Motor three-wheel drivers provide an important means of transportation in Sri Lanka, comprising 15% of motorized road vehicles. Although three-wheel driving is a widespread occupation for Sri Lankan men, little is known about their general health or risk factors.Objectives: This paper investigates chronic illnesses and risk factors for such illnesses in a sample of 33 three-wheel drivers in Galle, Sri Lanka.Methods: A qualitative investigation was conducted between June and August 2012. 20 three-wheel drivers participated in 60-minute semi-structured interviews, and 13 participated in semi- structured focus groups related to their work-related health concerns.Results: Illness reported included musculoskeletal pain, hypercholesteremia, hypertension, and diabetes. Participants identified work-related stress and substance abuse as risk factors.Conclusions: Participants described a cycle of work related stress, substance use, and chronic illness. Community-based education on the risks of substance use and alternative means of coping may be an effective intervention for these workers. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijosh.v3i2.7662

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Rupesinghe, Nadeera. "Navigating Pluralities Reluctantly: The Marriage Contract in Dutch Galle." Itinerario 42, no. 2 (August 2018): 220–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115318000311.

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This article examines diverse practices in the establishment of marriage partnerships in eighteenth-century Sri Lanka,1 parts of which were controlled by the Dutch East India Company (VOC). Family law was an area in which the attempt to transform local practices was conspicuously present, but not fully achieved. Lawful marriage was linked to conversion to Dutch Protestantism and to inheritance of property. In the authoritative space of the provincial board that heard the matrimonial disputes examined in this article, the Company did not proactively attempt to reform family life, an area where it could not easily dictate terms. It made a significant dent as the requirement for marriage registration was recognised by natives. But the limited reach of the introduced law is evident in the Company’s reluctant recognition that its two-step process of reading the banns and subsequent marriage ceremony created confusion and that locals still followed customary practices for forging unions. The VOC faced a normative order in the villages that was characterised by ritual underpinnings. Such local features went unrecognised in official law rules, but their perseverance is testimony to the pluralities in practice in an early colonial encounter in the Indian Ocean world.

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Jayasena, Ranjith M. "The historical archaeology of Katuwana, a Dutch East India Company fort in Sri Lanka." Post-Medieval Archaeology 40, no. 1 (April 2006): 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174581306x156391.

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Pushpakumara, T. D. C., and Shohan Gamlath. "GIS Based Tsunami Risk Assessment." International Journal of Advanced Remote Sensing and GIS 10, no. 1 (June 10, 2021): 3438–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.23953/cloud.ijarsg.498.

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Tsunami is a coastal hazard which occur due to undersea earthquakes, Meteorite falls, volcanic eruptions or even nuclear weapon operations. The tsunami hazard which occurred in December 2004 was generated due to an undersea earthquake 400m west of northern Sumatra and it inundated coastal areas of Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand and India. This hazard became one of the worst disasters in the history resulting in over thirty thousand fatalities and over seventy thousand house damage in Sri Lanka. This study is focused towards creation of GIS based Tsunami risk map for Galle city which was badly hit by the 2004 Tsunami. Tsunami vulnerability was assessed using weighted overlay spatial method with input parameters of population density, sex ratio, age ratio, disability ratio and damaged building ratio. Tsunami hazard map was developed based on tsunami inundation map which was published by Coastal research and design, costal conservation and resource management department with assistant from Disaster management centre using the Cornell Multigrid Coupled Tsunami Model (COMCOT). Vulnerable and hazard maps were analysed and incorporated to develop final risk map using GIS tool. Keywords GIS; Tsunami Inundation Map; Tsunami Risk Map; Vulnerability; Disaster

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Hettiarachchi, Samantha, and Kushani De Silva. "Post Tsunami Rehabilitation in the Context of National Initiatives Case Study-port City of Galle Sri Lanka." Procedia Economics and Finance 18 (2014): 865–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(14)01012-0.

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Rajapaksha, T., Saliya De Silva, B. F. A. Basnayake, Lahiru N. Jayakody, R. T. K. Ariyawansha, A. N. Siriwardena, Jos Nolle, and Kyla Pennie. "Effectiveness of health and safety training for municipal waste collectors: a case study from Galle, Sri Lanka." Tropical Agricultural Research 28, no. 4 (December 28, 2017): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/tar.v28i4.8235.

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Perera, B., S. Fernando, R. Perera, and B. Wickramarachchi. "Generative concern; a promising health promotion component for well-being of the elderly in Galle, Sri Lanka." Galle Medical Journal 22, no. 2 (December 11, 2017): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/gmj.v22i2.7968.

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Perera, W. Kathya, Sumith Gunawardane, and Sumith Loku Pathirage. "Applicability of two non-radiographic tooth size prediction methods of unerupted permanent canine and premolars, for Galle district, Sri Lanka." APOS Trends in Orthodontics 9 (September 28, 2019): 178–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/apos_19_2019.

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Introduction: Mixed dentition space analysis necessitates accurate prediction of size of the unerupted permanent teeth. The methods commonly employed are the radiographs, correlation and regression equations, or a combination. Much interest was developed on the application of prediction tables and regression equations to avoid the radiation exposure. However, the predicted values and equations have been reported to be inaccurate on populations other than on which they were developed on. We intended to evaluate the applicability of the Moyer’s probability table and Tanaka Johnston equation in estimating the mesiodistal widths of mandibular and maxillary permanent canines and premolars in adolescents of the Galle District. Material and Methods: Data were collected from study models of 318 randomly selected school students aged 13– 16 years with fully erupted, intact dentitions and no significant malocclusion. The measurements were obtained by a digital caliper with a Vernier scale calibrated to the nearest 0.01 mm. The data were subjected to statistical analysis to compare the actual and predicted values from Moyer’s probability table and Tanaka Johnston equation. Results: There was a statistically significant difference when Pearson correlation two-tailed significance test was used. The actual mesiodistal width of permanent canines and premolars and predicted widths from Moyer’s probability chart at all levels for males and females showed a statistically significant difference at 0.01 level. The values from Tanaka Johnston equation also showed a statistically significant difference at P = 0.01/R = 0.47. Conclusion: Moyer’s prediction table and Tanaka Johnston equation must be carefully used for children in Galle District, Sri Lanka. Therefore, it might be safer to develop regression equations for our population.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Galle Fort (Sri Lanka)'

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