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Journal articles on the topic 'Gallstones composition'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Amosova, O. Ye, Е. V. Mashina та S. N. Shanina. "Amino acids as biomarkers of phase сomposition of gallstones". Vestnik of Geosciences 10 (2020): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.19110/geov.2020.10.3.

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Gallstone disease (cholelithiasis) remains one of the most common gastroenterological diseases worldwide. The formation of gallstones has not been fully studied due to the latent course of the initial stage of gallstone disease. The composition of gallstones is diverse. Among the substances present in gallstones, the least studied is the protein component, the structural units of which are amino acids. In this connection, the main goal of the study was to identify patterns of changes in the amino acid composition of gallstones of various phase compositions. The objects of the study were 23 sam

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2

Wee, Seonghyun, Young Hwan Lee, Youe Ree Kim, Kwon Ha Yoon, and Dong-Eun Park. "Determination of Gallstone Composition using Dual-Energy Computed Tomography: An Ex-vivo Study." Korean Journal of Abdominal Radiology 5, no. 1 (2021): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.52668/kjar.2021.00080.

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Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether <i>ex-vivo</i> gallstones are distinguishable by type using dualenergy computed tomography (DECT).Materials and Methods: A total of 124 gallstones from 65 patients with acute or chronic calculous cholecystitis were evaluated using DECT. The extracted gallstones were submerged in distilled water in an acrylic container and scanned at tube voltages of 80/140 kVp and 100/140 kVp. The images were grouped into three sets: 80, 100, and 140 kVp. Qualitative analyses of DECT sensitivity and attenuation patterns in each image set were perform

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Chen, Weixin, Riming Liu, Suo Tao, et al. "Ultrastructural Analysis of Human Gallstones using Synchrotron Radiation µCT." Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 22, no. 1 (2019): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207322666190222122007.

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Objective: Gallstone formation is a pathological process of mineralization in the human body. Determination of the morphology and ultrastructure of gallstones holds the key to understanding the pathophysiology of gallbladder disease. Synchrotron radiation phase-contrast Xray microtomography is a novel technology, which is designed for comprehensive analysis of gallstone ultrastructure. Materials and Methods: Nine human gallstones were obtained from the Department of Pathology, Qingpu branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University (China), and scanned by synchrotron radiation µCT (

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4

Huang, Jie. "Gallstone composition and microbial community structure in gallstones." World Chinese Journal of Digestology 22, no. 17 (2014): 2467. http://dx.doi.org/10.11569/wcjd.v22.i17.2467.

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Kaufman, Howard S., Keith D. Lillemoe, John T. Mastovich, and Henry A. Pitt. "Environmental scanning electron microscopy of fresh human gallstones reveals new morphologies of precipitated calcium salts." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (1992): 1322–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100131243.

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Gallstones contain precipitated cholesterol, calcium salts, and proteins. Calcium (Ca) bilirubinate, palmitate, phosphate, and carbonate occurring in gallstones have variable morphologies but characteristic windowless energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectra. Previous studies of gallstone microstructure and composition using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDX have been limited to dehydrated samples. In this state, Ca bilirubinates appear as either glassy masses, which predominate in black pigment stones, or as clusters, which are found mostly in cholesterol gallstones. The three polymorp

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Yova Meidina, Tri Retno, Ninik Mudjihartini, Dwirini Retno Gunarti, Yulhasri Yulhasri, Syarifah Dewi, and Novi Silvia Hardiany. "Analisis Komposisi dan Distribusi Batu Empedu di Laboratorium Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia (FKUI) Jakarta." Jurnal Biotek Medisiana Indonesia 9, no. 1 (2020): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/jbmi.v9i1.3893.

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Abstrak Batu empedu merupakan penyakit yang banyak ditemukan di Indonesia. Analisis komposisi batu empedu penting untuk mengetahui penyebab, dasar metabolisme pembentukannya, faktor risiko, serta untuk edukasi diet terhadap pasien. Komposisi batu empedu tersebut dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor termasuk usia dan jenis kelamin. Sampai saat ini belum terdapat data analisis komposisi dan distribusi batu empedu di Jakarta. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komposisi dan distribusi batu empedu yang dihubungkan dengan usia dan jenis kelamin. Penelitian ini merupakan

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Saha, E., M. Saha, AL Kumar, et al. "Prevalence of gallstones and biliary sludge formation during pregnancy detected by ultrasonography." Mediscope 4, no. 2 (2017): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mediscope.v4i2.34998.

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The risk of gallstones is thought to increase with number of pregnancies. Cholesterol gallstones are more prevalent in women than men and primarily related to sex steroids, particularly progesterone. During pregnancy there are changes in bile composition and gallbladder motility that promote gallstone formation. This study was conducted to determine incidence and outcome of pregnancy related biliary sludge and gallstone formation. Two hundred and nine consecutive expectant women were evaluated by ultrasonography at 1st trimester, 3rd trimester and at 4-6 weeks after delivery. Socio-demographic

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8

Scherber, Philipp Robert, Silvia Eugenia Zúniga, Matthias Glanemann, and Frank Lammert. "Gallensteine – interdisziplinäre Behandlung." DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 145, no. 05 (2020): 287–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0944-8655.

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AbstractGallstones develop in the gallbladder or the bile ducts. According to their chemical composition, gallstones can be divided into cholesterol stones, which are common, and the rare bile pigment stones. Altogether, up to 20 % of all adults develop gallstones and more than 20 % of them symptoms or complications. Female sex, age, pregnancy, physical inactivity, obesity, overnutrition and genetic factors such as ABCB4 deficiency of the hepatic lecithin transporter are kown risk factors for gallstone formation. In about one half of all patients biliary symptoms precede the three common and p

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9

Wentrup-Byrne, E., L. Rintoul, J. L. Smith, and P. M. Fredericks. "Comparison of Vibrational Spectroscopic Techniques for the Characterization of Human Gallstones." Applied Spectroscopy 49, no. 7 (1995): 1028–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702953964813.

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A suite of human gallstones was investigated by vibrational spectroscopic techniques with a view to developing an effective characterization procedure. Using infrared microscopy, microspectroscopic mapping, infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS), and FT-Raman spectroscopy, we have examined both the chemical composition and the microstructure of the different categories of human gallstones. We show how infrared microscopy can be used to determine the chemical identity of particular microstructural features of a stone. Infrared mapping produces functional group maps of the surface of a gallst

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10

Sinicki, Ronald, and Christopher Viney. "Human gallstones: Specimen preparation and light microscopy." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 1 (1992): 734–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100124070.

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Several methods for removing gallstones from the human body are in use or under investigation. They range from noninvasive techniques (dissolving; ultrasound lithotripsy), through minor surgery (use of wire basket lithotriptor; laser lithotripsy), to major surgery. The choice of procedure seeks to accomplish removal of stones while minimizing the cutting of patient tissue, the post-treatment rehabilitation time, and the overall cost. The effectiveness of a given procedure will vary, depending on the size and number of stones present, and especially on their composition and microstructure. Atte

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Stokes, Caroline S., and Frank Lammert. "Transporters in cholelithiasis." Biological Chemistry 393, no. 1-2 (2012): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bc-2011-226.

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Abstract Gallstones are a common and costly disease with a projected increase in prevalence due to the increasing ageing population. Numerous endogenous and environmental factors are aetiologically related to this multifactorial disease, and genetic studies continue to unravel the pathobiological mechanisms related to gallstone formation. In particular, variants of genes encoding hepatobiliary transporters have been implicated in gallstone disease and, given their ability to influence biliary lipid composition, have undergone considerable investigation. Here we summarize the role of enterohepa

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12

Laloum, Eric, Nguyen Quy Dao, and Michel Daudon. "Cluster Analysis of Gallstone FT-IR Spectra: Tests on Simulated Mixture Spectra and Comparison between Spectral and Morphological Classification of Human Gallstones." Applied Spectroscopy 52, no. 9 (1998): 1210–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702981945039.

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Sixty-four combination spectra of three major gallstone components [i.e., cholesterol, calcium bilirubinate, and calcium carbonate (aragonite)] were simulated in accordance with a “fractal” ternary diagram. Comparison between the original pattern of composition and factorial maps of pretreated spectra makes it possible to show the effects of different normalization procedures (Euclidean norm, spectrum maximum, and area under spectrum set to 1). Cluster analysis of these spectra, depending on different agglomerative links (single linkage, complete linkage, average linkage, and Ward's criterion)

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13

Klinkspoor, J. Henriëtte, Michel J. A. van Wijland, Carolien A. M. Koeleman, Willem van Dijk, Guido N. J. Tytgat, and Albert K. Groen. "Heterogeneity of Human Biliary Mucin: Functional Implications." Clinical Science 86, no. 1 (1994): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0860075.

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1. Human gallbladder mucin has been implicated as playing a role in the pathogenesis of gallstones. In previous studies no differences have been found in the content or composition of mucins derived from control bile or cholesterol gallstone bile. Until now, no differences were also found between these two groups of mucins with regard to their ability to cause cholesterol nucleation. In the accompanying paper we have reported that there is a strong heterogeneity of gallbladder mucins derived from individual patients (M. J. A. van Wijland, J. H. Klinkspoor, L. Th. de Wit, R. P. J. Oude Elferink

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14

Malet, Peter F., Clarke E. Williamson, Bruce W. Trotman, and Roger D. Soloway. "Composition of pigmented centers of cholesterol gallstones." Hepatology 6, no. 3 (1986): 477–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.1840060326.

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15

Jahantab, Mohammad Bagher, Amir Abbas Safaripour, Sajad Hassanzadeh, and Mohammad Javad Yavari Barhaghtalab. "Demographic, Chemical, and Helicobacter pylori Positivity Assessment in Different Types of Gallstones and the Bile in a Random Sample of Cholecystectomied Iranian Patients with Cholelithiasis." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2021 (August 9, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3351352.

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Background. The occurrence of stones in the gallbladder or common bile duct and the symptoms and complications they cause is called gallstone disease. The symptoms of gallstone disease range from mild, nonspecific symptoms to a severe right quadrant abdominal pain. Characteristics of gallstone types in an Iranian population have not been well studied before and there are very limited studies on the demographic pattern of stone types in our country, so this study is one of the first studies on its kind on the epidemiology of gallstone types in Iran. As information on chemical components of the

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16

Venkatesh, Y. V. "A Generalized Hermite Pyramid for Ultrasonic Image Analysis II. Gallstones." Ultrasonic Imaging 18, no. 4 (1996): 305–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016173469601800404.

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This paper deals with the problem of extracting information regarding the chemical composition of stones in the human gallbladder from in vitro and in vivo B-scan ultrasonic images. The images are subjected to the Hermite pyramid decomposition technique described in Part I (Venkatesh, Y. V., Ultrasonic Imaging, 18, 261–304, 1996). In an attempt to determine the chemical composition of the gallstones, the gradients of the decomposed images are input to an unsupervised classifier. The outputs of the classifier exhibit some interesting patterns that appear to be related to the chemical compositio

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17

Pasternak, Artur, Jolanta Bugajska, Mirosław Szura, et al. "Biliary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Telocytes in Gallstone Disease." Cell Transplantation 26, no. 1 (2017): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/096368916x692717.

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It has been reported that intake of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) reduces the risk of coronary heart disease. It also influences bile composition, decreasing biliary cholesterol saturation in the bile of patients with gallstones. In addition to bile composition disturbances, gallbladder hypomotility must be a cofactor in the pathogenesis of cholelithiasis, as it leads to the prolonged nucleation phase. Our current knowledge about gallbladder motility has been enhanced by the study of a population of newly described interstitial (stromal) cells—telocytes (TCs). The purpose of this stu

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Grigor’eva, Irina N., and Tatyana I. Romanova. "Gallstone Disease and Microbiome." Microorganisms 8, no. 6 (2020): 835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8060835.

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Gallstone disease (GSD) has, for many years, remained a high-cost, socially significant public health problem. Over the past decade, a number of studies have been carried out—both in humans and in animal models—confirming the role of the microbiota in various sections of the gastrointestinal tract as a new link in the etiopathogenesis of GSD. The microbiome of bile correlates with the bacterial composition of saliva, and the microbiome of the biliary tract has a high similarity with the microbiota of the duodenum. Pathogenic microflora of the oral cavity, through mechanisms of immunomodulation

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19

Miquel, Juan Francisco, Attilio Rigotti, Eduardo Rojas, Enrique Brandan, and Flavio Nervi. "Isolation and purification of human biliary vesicles with potent cholesterol-nucleation-promoting activity." Clinical Science 82, no. 2 (1992): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0820175.

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1. Cholesterol nucleation is a critical step in the formation of cholesterol gallstones. This nucleation takes place after aggregation and fusion of cholesterol-rich biliary vesicles, a process probably modulated by biliary proteins. The present study was conducted to identify specific proteins associated with native cholesterol-rich biliary vesicles and to explore their effect on the cholesterol-nucleation time of supersaturated artificial bile. 2. Hepatic bile was obtained from six patients with cholesterol gallstone disease. Biliary vesicles were isolated by ultracentrifugation and were pur

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20

Gustafsson, U., S. Sahlin, and C. Einarsson. "Biliary lipid composition in patients with cholesterol and pigment gallstones and gallstone-free subjects: deoxycholic acid does not contribute to formation of cholesterol gallstones." European Journal of Clinical Investigation 30, no. 12 (2000): 1099–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2362.2000.00740.x.

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21

Subhan, M. A., P. Sarker, and T. Ahmed. "Analysis of Kidney and Gall Stones of Patients from North-East Bangladesh by FTIR." Journal of Scientific Research 6, no. 3 (2014): 553–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i3.16721.

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Kidney and gallstones represent a prevalent and costly health problem. This study aimed to define patterns of stones and identify chemical compositions in the sample of symptomatic kidney and gallstones from North-East part of Bangladesh (Sylhet City, Sylhet) using infrared spectroscopy. Kidney and gallstones were recovered from patients of Osmani Medical College and Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh. A total of 5 kidney and 3 gall stone samples were collected randomly and analyzed for composition by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Among the five kidney stone samples, KDS 01 was mix

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Suvorova, E. I., V. V. Pantushev, and A. E. Voloshin. "Methods of chemical and phase composition analysis of gallstones." Crystallography Reports 62, no. 6 (2017): 817–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063774517060232.

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23

Krivonosov, Y. S., V. E. Asadchikov, A. V. Buzmakov, et al. "Physical Methods for Determining the Phase Composition of Gallstones." Crystallography Reports 64, no. 6 (2019): 920–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063774519060117.

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Mibu, Ryuichi, Ichiro Makino, and Kazuo Chijiiwa. "Gallstones and their composition in patients with ileoanal anastomosis." Journal of Gastroenterology 30, no. 3 (1995): 413–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02347521.

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Stringer, Mark D., Sara Fraser, Keith C. Gordon, Katrina Sharples, and John A. Windsor. "Gallstones in New Zealand: composition, risk factors and ethnic differences." ANZ Journal of Surgery 83, no. 7-8 (2012): 575–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.2012.06234.x.

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Jarari, Abdalla M., Abdelaziz MA AlFaydi, Nouh MH Aljarari, Saeid Omar Al Soaeiti, Ibtisam Cheith Kaziri, and Dhastagir Sultan Sheriff. "BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES RELATED TO ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS IN LIBYAN SUBJECTS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 8 (2020): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i8.2020.1005.

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Acute cholecystitis and cholelithiasis are one of common health problems of Libyans. [1] Acute cholecystitis or bile gallbladder stones are one of the major surgical problems in the Libyan population and account for many hospital admissions and surgical interventions. This study was done to estimate causes and risk factors of AC among general population of Benghazi city in Libya. Reflux of pancreatic secretions into the biliary duct due to a defect in motility of gallbladder or biliary tree or spastic episodes of Sphincter Oddi may cause injury to gallbladder mucosa and biliary tract which may

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Gondal, Bilal, Muhammad A. Gondal, and Mohamed A. Shemis. "Tu1643 Gallstones and Gallbladder Cancer: Gaging Levels of Carcinogens in Gallstones Using Highly Sensitive Laser Based Spectrochemical Composition." Gastroenterology 150, no. 4 (2016): S921—S922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(16)33125-0.

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Asadchikov, V. E., A. V. Buzmakov, I. G. Dyachkova, et al. "X-ray microtomography setup for absorption and diffraction tomography." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 84, no. 12 (2018): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2018-84-12-32-39.

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The results of studying silicon single crystals and gallstones on a laboratory X-ray microtomograph with a spatial resolution of 10 µm (developed at the Federal Scientific Research Centre for «Crystallography and Photonics» of the Russian Academy of Sciences) are reviewed. The method of tomographic experiment included the use of a monochromatic «parallel beam» with subsequent three-dimensional reconstruction based on a set of two-dimensional projections. Topotomographic measurements were performed in the mode of rotation of the samples under study around the normal to the reflecting plane adju

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Jaskiewicz, K., M. J. Weight, K. J. Christopher, A. J. S. Benadé, and D. Kritchevsky. "A comparison of the effects of soya-bean protein and casein on bile composition, cholelithiasis and serum lipoprotein lipids in the vervet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops)." British Journal of Nutrition 58, no. 2 (1987): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19870093.

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1. Two groups of vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus uethiops) were fed on high-cholesterol diets which differed only with respect to the protein source. In one group casein was the only protein source, while the other group received only soya-bean protein.2. Samples of blood, bile and liver biopsy material were collected at the commencement of the study and at 3-monthly intervals until termination 12 months later.3. At the end of the experimental period all the animals (n19) had high plasma cholesterol levels and had developed pigment gallstones, the compositions and weights of which were not relat

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Aho, A. J., E. Vilhonen, S. Peltola, and A. Lehtonen. "An X-Ray Diffraction Study of the Crystalline Composition of Gallstones." Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 20, no. 7 (1985): 901–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365528509088843.

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Pomeranz, Itamar S., Joseph S. Davison, and Eldon A. Shaffer. "The effects of prosthetic gallstones on gallbladder function and bile composition." Journal of Surgical Research 41, no. 1 (1986): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4804(86)90007-7.

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Staritz, M., A. Rambow, U. Wosiewitz, M. Thelen, and K. H. Meyer zum Buschenfelde. "In vivo analysis of gallstones by computed tomography predicts stone composition." Gastroenterology 94, no. 6 (1988): 1527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(88)90722-6.

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Beger, H. G., and A. Schwarz. "Review Article: Spectrum of Biliary Infections in the West and in the East." HPB Surgery 8, no. 4 (1995): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1995/74384.

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Biliary infections are an important cause of morbidity in the Western world. With regard to epidemiology, etiology, microbiological spectrum, prevalence, location and composition of gallstones, pathogenesis, clinical sign and therapy, there are large differences between the spectrum of biliary infections in the East and in the West (Table 1). In Western countries, gallstones are found in 10 to 40%. In Eastern countries, the incidence of gallstones is only 2 to 6%. Some eighty – five percent of the gallstones in the West are cholesterol stones, in contrast to the East, where 97% are bile pigmen

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Bulo, Anyla, Etleva Refatllari, Kosta Koci, Rolanda Zaganjori, and Artan Isaraj. "Infrared spectroscopy in kidney and biliary stone disease." Jugoslovenska medicinska biohemija 23, no. 3 (2004): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmh0403285b.

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Nephrolithiasis is a complex, multifactorial disease resulting from an interaction between environmental and genetic factors. A minority of patients form stones because of well defined systemic diseases. In the rest, who usually are otherwise well expected for stone formation, the pathogenesis of stone is not as cleary defined. Compressive metabolic evaluation has become an important aspect of the management of recurrent nephrolithiasis, yet the role of stone analysis is often neglected or perhaps underestimated. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the chemical composition of kidney and b

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Al-Sibaai, A., A. Kensara, and A. Baghlaf. "Elemental Analysis as a strong tool for the Determination of Gallstones Composition." Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Science 18, no. 1 (2006): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/sci.18-1.4.

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WATANABE, Jun-ichi. "Cholelitholytic therapy for cholesterol gallstones-Dissolution efficacy and biliary bile acid composition." Okayama Igakkai Zasshi (Journal of Okayama Medical Association) 99, no. 3-4 (1987): 239–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4044/joma1947.99.3-4_239.

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Bassi, N., G. Del Favero, T. Meggiato, et al. "Are morphology and composition of gallstones related? An x-ray diffraction study." Current Therapeutic Research 55, no. 10 (1994): 1169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0011-393x(05)80257-7.

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Dhiman, Radha K., Rajashekhar Reddi, Arpita Sharma, et al. "Cisapride improves gallbladder emptying and bile lipid composition in patients with gallstones." Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 16, no. 7 (2001): 816–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1746.2001.02518.x.

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E.V., Mashina, and Shanina S.N. "Amino acid composition of gallstones and its connection with the mineral component." Zapiski RMO (Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society) 148, no. 4 (2019): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.30695/zrmo/2019.1484.07.

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Tharp, Kevin M., Amin Khalifeh-Soltani, Hyo Min Park, et al. "Prevention of gallbladder hypomotility via FATP2 inhibition protects from lithogenic diet-induced cholelithiasis." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 310, no. 10 (2016): G855—G864. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00316.2015.

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Gallstone disease is a widespread disorder costing billions for annual treatment in the United States. The primary mechanisms underlying gallstone formation are biliary cholesterol supersaturation and gallbladder hypomotility. The relative contribution of these two processes has been difficult to dissect, as experimental lithogenic diets cause both bile supersaturation and alterations in gallbladder motility. Importantly, there is no mechanistic explanation for obesity as a major risk factor for cholelithiasis. We discovered that lithogenic diets induce ectopic triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulati

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Veysey, M. J., L. A. Thomas, A. I. Mallet, et al. "Prolonged large bowel transit increases serum deoxycholic acid: a risk factor for octreotide induced gallstones." Gut 44, no. 5 (1999): 675–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.44.5.675.

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BACKGROUNDTreatment of acromegaly with octreotide increases the proportion of deoxycholic acid in, and the cholesterol saturation of, bile and induces the formation of gallstones. Prolongation of intestinal transit has been proposed as the mechanism for the increase in the proportion of deoxycholic acid in bile.AIMSTo study the effects of octreotide on intestinal transit in acromegalic patients during octreotide treatment, and to examine the relation between intestinal transit and bile acid composition in fasting serum.METHODSMouth to caecum and large bowel transit times, and the proportion of

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Baron, RL, WP Shuman, SP Lee, et al. "MR appearance of gallstones in vitro at 1.5 T: correlation with chemical composition." American Journal of Roentgenology 153, no. 3 (1989): 497–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.153.3.497.

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CHOUDHURI, G., D. K. AGARWAL, R. V. PHADKE, et al. "Geographic variations in structure and composition of gallstones and their correlation with brittleness." Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 9, no. 5 (1994): 452–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.1994.tb01273.x.

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Jayapalan, Ramana Ramya, Jayanthi Venkataraman, Mayank Jain, et al. "7. Regional differences in gall bladder bile acid composition in patients with gallstones." Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology 8 (July 2018): S104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2018.06.464.

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Pichugina, A. A., L. V. Tsyro, and F. G. Unger. "IR Spectroscopy and X-Ray Phase Analysis of the Chemical Composition of Gallstones." Journal of Applied Spectroscopy 84, no. 6 (2018): 1024–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10812-018-0581-0.

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Shah, Syed Mushtaq Ahmed, Tahir Saleem Khan, Ravi Kumar, Tajddin Wani, and Adil Shadab Indrabi. "Etiology and chemical composition of gall stone disease: a prospective observational study from the developing world." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 9, no. 4 (2021): 989. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20210997.

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Background: Aim of the study was to assess the etiology and determine the chemical composition of gallstones in our population.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted at GMC Srinagar from 2018 to 2020. One hundred patients having gall stone disease were enrolled into the study and after cholecystectomy was performed the stones chemical composition was analyzed by fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The data was collated and analysed.Results: 54 patients had mixed stones with chemical composition of cholesterol, calcium carbonate and calcium bilirubinate; 39 ha

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Seliverstov, P. V., T. E. Skvortsova, S. I. Sitkin, and V. G. Radchenko. "Treatment Options for Patients with Gallstones (Cholelithiasis)." Medical Council, no. 14 (October 11, 2019): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2019-14-44-51.

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According to the Recommendations of the Scientific society of gastroenterologists of Russia for the diagnosis and treatment of cholelithiasis (GI), GI is a multifactorial disease of the hepatobiliary system and one of the most common diseases of the digestive system. It is known that in the vast majority of cases, GI develops as a result of the complex influence of many risk factors. Thus, the change in the qualitative and quantitative composition of bile, as well as a history of gastrectomy, papillosphincterotomy, the right-hand hemicolectomy, cholesterosis gall bladder, chronic hepatitis, pe

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Porte, Paulette Lechene de la, Huguette Lafont, Nicole Domingo, et al. "Composition and immunofluorescence studies of biliary “sludge” in patients with cholesterol or mixed gallstones." Journal of Hepatology 33, no. 3 (2000): 352–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-8278(00)80269-x.

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Arrout, Asma, Yassine El Ghallab, Mohammed Rachid Lefriyekh, and Amal Ait Haj Said. "Citrus essential oils and main terpenes: chemical composition and good litholytic activity on gallstones." Vegetos 34, no. 3 (2021): 600–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42535-021-00251-9.

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VATANKHAH, S., K. MOOSAVI, H. PEYROVAN, and J. SALIMI. "COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN TWO KINDS OF HUMAN GALLSTONES." International Journal of PIXE 13, no. 03n04 (2003): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129083503000142.

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Structural composition of 11 trace elements with Z greater than 13 ( Al , P , Si , K , Ca , Mn , Fe , Cu , Zn , Mo , I ) was analyzed for the two main groups of human gallstones according to their cholesterol and pigment types by PIXE (Proton Induced X - ray Emission). In both types of stones, the shell and the center were analyzed separately. The gallstones were obtained from 12 patients in wide age group from 22 to 78 years of age during surgical operation. The results show relatively higher values of heavy elements for ages greater than 40. The values of phosphorous in cholesterol type ston

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