Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gamma polymerase

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Gamma polymerase'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Gamma polymerase"

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Milone, Margherita, and Rami Massie. "Polymerase Gamma 1 Mutations." Neurologist 16, no. 2 (March 2010): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/nrl.0b013e3181c78a89.

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Ji, Junwei, and Anil Day. "Construction of a highly error-prone DNA polymerase for developing organelle mutation systems." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. 21 (November 2, 2020): 11868–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa929.

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Abstract A novel family of DNA polymerases replicates organelle genomes in a wide distribution of taxa encompassing plants and protozoans. Making error-prone mutator versions of gamma DNA polymerases revolutionised our understanding of animal mitochondrial genomes but similar advances have not been made for the organelle DNA polymerases present in plant mitochondria and chloroplasts. We tested the fidelities of error prone tobacco organelle DNA polymerases using a novel positive selection method involving replication of the phage lambda cI repressor gene. Unlike gamma DNA polymerases, ablation of 3′–5′ exonuclease function resulted in a modest 5–8-fold error rate increase. Combining exonuclease deficiency with a polymerisation domain substitution raised the organelle DNA polymerase error rate by 140-fold relative to the wild type enzyme. This high error rate compares favourably with error-rates of mutator versions of animal gamma DNA polymerases. The error prone organelle DNA polymerase introduced mutations at multiple locations ranging from two to seven sites in half of the mutant cI genes studied. Single base substitutions predominated including frequent A:A (template: dNMP) mispairings. High error rate and semi-dominance to the wild type enzyme in vitro make the error prone organelle DNA polymerase suitable for elevating mutation rates in chloroplasts and mitochondria.
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Saneto, Russell P., and Robert K. Naviaux. "Polymerase gamma disease through the ages." Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews 16, no. 2 (August 27, 2010): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ddrr.105.

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Konradi, Christine. "Polymerase gamma in bipolar disorder: It's complicated." Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 71, no. 8 (August 2017): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12531.

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Tzoulis, Charalampos, Gia Tuong Tran, Jonathan Coxhead, Bjørn Bertelsen, Peer K. Lilleng, Novin Balafkan, Brendan Payne, Hrvoje Miletic, Patrick F. Chinnery, and Laurence A. Bindoff. "Molecular pathogenesis of polymerase gamma–related neurodegeneration." Annals of Neurology 76, no. 1 (June 14, 2014): 66–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ana.24185.

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Ye, F. "The gamma subfamily of DNA polymerases: cloning of a developmentally regulated cDNA encoding Xenopus laevis mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma." Nucleic Acids Research 24, no. 8 (April 15, 1996): 1481–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/24.8.1481.

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Kunkel, Thomas A., and Dale W. Mosbaugh. "Exonucleolytic proofreading by a mammalian DNA polymerase .gamma." Biochemistry 28, no. 3 (February 7, 1989): 988–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00429a011.

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Zhang, Ying-Hui, Ju-Sheng Lin, Yan Li, Lin-Lin Gao, and Xiao-Yan Wang. "Isolation, purification and identification of DNA polymerase gamma." World Chinese Journal of Digestology 15, no. 35 (2007): 3715. http://dx.doi.org/10.11569/wcjd.v15.i35.3715.

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Copeland, William C., Mikhail V. Ponamarev, Dinh Nguyen, Thomas A. Kunkel, and Matthew J. Longley. "Mutations in DNA polymerase gamma cause error prone DNA synthesis in human mitochondrial disorders." Acta Biochimica Polonica 50, no. 1 (March 31, 2003): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2003_3723.

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This paper summarizes recent advances in understanding the links between the cell's ability to maintain integrity of its mitochondrial genome and mitochondrial genetic diseases. Human mitochondrial DNA is replicated by the two-subunit DNA polymerase gamma (polgamma). We investigated the fidelity of DNA replication by polgamma with and without exonucleolytic proofreading and its p55 accessory subunit. Polgamma has high base substitution fidelity due to efficient base selection and exonucleolytic proofreading, but low frameshift fidelity when copying homopolymeric sequences longer than four nucleotides. Progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO) is a rare disease characterized by the accumulation of large deletions in mitochondrial DNA. Recently, several mutations in the polymerase and exonuclease domains of the human polgamma have been shown to be associated with PEO. We are analyzing the effect of these mutations on the human polgamma enzyme. In particular, three autosomal dominant mutations alter amino acids located within polymerase motif B of polgamma. These residues are highly conserved among family A DNA polymerases, which include T7 DNA polymerase and E.coli pol I. These PEO mutations have been generated in polgamma to analyze their effects on overall polymerase function as well as the effects on the fidelity of DNA synthesis. One mutation in particular, Y955C, was found in several families throughout Europe, including one Belgian family and five unrelated Italian families. The Y955C mutant polgamma retains a wild-type catalytic rate but suffers a 45-fold decrease in apparent binding affinity for the incoming dNTP. The Y955C derivative is also much less accurate than is wild-type polgamma, with error rates for certain mismatches elevated by 10- to 100-fold. The error prone DNA synthesis observed for the Y955C polgamma is consistent with the accumulation of mtDNA mutations in patients with PEO. The effects of other polgamma mutations associated with PEO are discussed.
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Harada, Ryo, Yoshihisa Hirakawa, Akinori Yabuki, Yuichiro Kashiyama, Moe Maruyama, Ryo Onuma, Petr Soukal, et al. "Inventory and Evolution of Mitochondrion-localized Family A DNA Polymerases in Euglenozoa." Pathogens 9, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9040257.

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The order Trypanosomatida has been well studied due to its pathogenicity and the unique biology of the mitochondrion. In Trypanosoma brucei, four DNA polymerases, namely PolIA, PolIB, PolIC, and PolID, related to bacterial DNA polymerase I (PolI), were shown to be localized in mitochondria experimentally. These mitochondrion-localized DNA polymerases are phylogenetically distinct from other family A DNA polymerases, such as bacterial PolI, DNA polymerase gamma (Polγ) in human and yeasts, “plant and protist organellar DNA polymerase (POP)” in diverse eukaryotes. However, the diversity of mitochondrion-localized DNA polymerases in Euglenozoa other than Trypanosomatida is poorly understood. In this study, we discovered putative mitochondrion-localized DNA polymerases in broad members of three major classes of Euglenozoa—Kinetoplastea, Diplonemea, and Euglenida—to explore the origin and evolution of trypanosomatid PolIA-D. We unveiled distinct inventories of mitochondrion-localized DNA polymerases in the three classes: (1) PolIA is ubiquitous across the three euglenozoan classes, (2) PolIB, C, and D are restricted in kinetoplastids, (3) new types of mitochondrion-localized DNA polymerases were identified in a prokinetoplastid and diplonemids, and (4) evolutionarily distinct types of POP were found in euglenids. We finally propose scenarios to explain the inventories of mitochondrion-localized DNA polymerases in Kinetoplastea, Diplonemea, and Euglenida.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gamma polymerase"

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Brammer, Jeffrey M. "Organellar DNA Polymerases Gamma I and II in Arabidopsis thaliana." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2534.

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Plants have two organelles outside the nucleus which carry their own DNA, mitochondria and chloroplasts. These organelles are descendants of bacteria that were engulfed by their host according to the endosymbiotic theory. Over time, DNA has been exchanged between these organelles and the nucleus. Two polymerases, DNA Polymerases Gamma I and II, are encoded in the nucleus and remain under nuclear control, but are transported into the mitochondria and chloroplasts. DNA polymerases gamma I and II are two organelle polymerases which have been studied through sequence analysis and shown to localize to both mitochondria and chloroplasts. Little has been done to characterize the activities of these polymerases. Work in tobacco showed the homology of these polymerases to each other and to DNA Polymerase I in bacteria. They have been characterized as being part of the DNA Polymerase A family of polymerases. In my research I have studied the effect of T-DNA insertions within the DNA Polymerase Gamma I and II genes. Since these DNA Polymerases are targeted to the mitochondria and chloroplasts, I studied the effect of knocking out these genes. A plant heterozygous for an insert in DNA Polymerase Gamma I grows slightly slower than wild type plants with an approximately 20% reduction in mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA copy number. A plant homozygous for an insert in this same gene has a drastic phenotype with stunted plants that grow to around 1 inch tall, with floral stems, and have an approximately 50-55% reduction in mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA copy number. Wild type plants can grow to a height of 12-18 inches with floral stems as a comparison. A plant heterozygous for an insert in the DNA Polymerase Gamma II gene grows slightly slower than wild type plants and has an approximately 15% reduction in mitochondrial DNA copy number and a 50% reduction in chloroplast DNA copy number. These plants also produce much less seed than do other mutants and wild type plants.
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Bakthavatchalu, Vasudevan. "MnSOD AND AUTOPHAGY IN PREVENTION OF OXIDATIVE MITOCHONDRIAL INJURIES INDUCED BY UVB IN MURINE SKIN." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/toxicology_etds/2.

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UVB radiation is a known environmental carcinogen that causes DNA damage and increase ROS generation in mitochondria. Accumulating evidence suggests that mtDNA damage and increased ROS generation trigger mitochondrial translocation of p53. Within mitochondria, p53 interacts with nucleoid macromolecular complexes such as mitochondrial antioxidant MnSOD, mitochondrial DNA polymerase Polγ, and mtDNA. Mitochondria are considered to be a potential source for damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as mtDNA, cytochrome C, ATP, and formyl peptides. Intracytoplasmic release of DAMPs can trigger inflammasome formation and programmed cell death processes. Autophagic clearance of mitochondria with compromised integrity can inhibit inflammatory and cell death processes. In this study we investigated whether and how MnSOD plays a protective role in UVB-induced mitochondrial damage. The possibility of MnSOD participating in the mtDNA repair process was addressed in vivo using transgenic and pharmacological approaches. The results demonstrate that MnSOD functions as a fidelity protein that maintains the activity of Polγ by preventing UVB-induced nitration and inactivation of Polγ and that MnSOD coordinates with p53 to prevent mtDNA damage. We also investigated whether autophagy is an adaptive response mechanism by which skin cells respond to mitochondrial injury, using mouse keratinocytes (JB6 cells) and C57/BL6 mice as in vitro and in vivo models. The results demonstrate that UVB induces autophagy initiation in murine skin tissues and that down regulation of AKTmTOR levels triggers initiation of autophagy processes. These results suggest that autophagy may play a role in scavenging damaged mitochondria. Taken together, the results from these studies suggest that MnSOD plays a protective role against UVB-induced mitochondria injury beyond its known antioxidant function. Within the mitochondrial matrix, MnSOD acts as an antioxidant and fidelity protein by prevention of UVB-induced nitration of Polγ. The functions of MnSOD may be to enhance mitochondrial membrane integrity and to prevent the genesis of oxidatively damaged mitochondrial components and subsequent intracytoplasmic spillage. Activation of autophagy serves as an additional response that scavenges damaged mitochondria.
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Hill, Donna. "Isolation & Characterization of DNA Polymerase Alpha and Gamma from Turnips (Brassica rapa) and Etiolated Soybeans (Glycine max)." TopSCHOLAR®, 1988. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2483.

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DNA polymerase alpha, the enzyme involved in nuclear DMA replication, and DNA polymerase gamma, the enzyme involved in organellular DNA replication, were isolated and purified from soybean and turnip. The enzymes were characterized following ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAF-cellulcse, phosphocelluloca, and hydroxylapatite chromatography, and by non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Protein banct were electropluted and the enzymes characterized using kinetic studies and sensitivity to divalent cations and inhibitors. Molecular weight and subunit composition studies indicated a molecular weight for the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase alpha in soybean and turnip to be 46kDa. DNA polymeraqe gamma was composed of a catalytic subunit with a molecular weight of 66kDa. Although the two enzymes appear to share common subunits, characterization of their genetic origin remains to be determined before alpha and gamma can be classified as isoenzymes.
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Cupp, John D. "Characterization of the Cellular and Organellar Dynamics that Occur with a Partial Depletion of Mitochondrial DNA when Arabidopsis Organellar DNA Polymerase IB is Mutated." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3747.

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Plant mitochondrial genomes are large and complex, and the mechanisms for maintaining mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) remain unclear. Arabidopsis thaliana has two DNA polymerase genes, polIA and polIB, that have been shown to be dual localized to mitochondria and chloroplasts but are unequally expressed within primary plant tissues involved in cell division or cell expansion. PolIB expression is observed at higher levels in both shoot and root apexes, suggesting a possible role in organelle DNA replication in rapidly dividing or expanding cells. It is proposed that both polIA and polIB are required for mtDNA replication under wild type conditions. An Arabidopsis T-DNA polIB mutant has a 30% reduction in mtDNA levels but also a 70% induction in polIA gene expression. The polIB mutant shows an increase relative to wild type plants in the number of mitochondria that are significantly smaller in relative size, observed within hypocotyl epidermis cells that have a reduced rate of cell expansion. These mutants exhibit a significant increase in gene expression for components of mitorespiration and photosynthesis, and there is evidence for an increase in both light to dark (transitional) and light respiration levels. There is not a significant difference in dark adjusted total respiration between mutant and wild type plants. Chloroplast numbers are not significantly different in isolated mesophyll protoplasts, but mesophyll cells from the mutant are significantly smaller than wild type. PolIB mutants exhibit a three-day delay in chloroplast development but after 7dpi (days post-imbibition) there is no difference in relative plastid DNA levels between the mutant and wild type. Overall, the polIB mutant exhibits an adjustment in cell homeostasis, which enables the maintenance of functional mitochondria but at the cost of normal cell expansion rates.
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Kampira, Elizabeth. "Pharmacogenetics of stavundine : role of genetic variation in mitochondrial DNA and polymerase gamma among adult Malawian HIV/AIDS patients." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3168.

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Infectious diseases are endemic in Africa, especially tuberculosis (TB), malaria and human immunodefiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Genomics research has the potential to improve the health of Africans through identification of genetic markers associated with either disease susceptibility or therapeutic drug response. This project was set to investigate the genetic correlates for drugs associated with mitochondrial toxicity that are used as part of HIV therapy, especially nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Toxicity from NRTIs manifests through metabolic diseases such as peripheral neuropathy, lipodystrophy, lactic acidosis and hyperlactatemia but show interpatient variability. Studying African populations is likely to open the door for the population to benefit from novel diagnostic tools and drugs developed on the basis of pharmacogenomics knowledge. In an effort to contribute to this knowledge, the role of variation in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and polymerase gamma (POL-γ) on how patients respond to stavudine-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) among adult Malawian HIV/AIDS patients was investigated.
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AQUINO, SIMONE. "Efeitos da radiacao gama no crescimento de Aspergillus flavus produtor de aflatoxinas e no emprego da tecnica da Reacao em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) em amostras de graos de milho inoculadas artificialmente." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2003. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11253.

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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
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Aquino, Simone. "Efeitos da radiação gama no crescimento de aspergillus flavus produtor de aflatoxinas e no emprego da técnica da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) em amostras de grãos de milho inoculadas artificialmente." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-16042012-105910/.

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O presente trabalho teve como objetivos verificar os efeitos da radiação gama em grãos de milho contaminados artificialmente com Aspergillus flavus Link produtor de aflatoxinas; demonstrar a aplicação da técnica da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) no diagnóstico de A. flavus, bem como verificar o efeito da radiação no perfil das bandas de DNA. Vinte amostras de grãos de milho com 200 g cada foram irradiadas individualmente com 20 kGy, para eliminar a contaminação microbiana. Em seguida, as amostras foram inoculadas com A. flavus toxigênico (1 x 106 esporos / ml), incubadas por 15 dias a 25 °C em ambiente com umidade relativa ao redor de 97,5% e irradiadas com 0; 2; 5 e 10 kGy. As amostras, 5 para cada dose de irradiação, foram analisadas individualmente quanto ao número de células fúngicas, atividade de água, teste de viabilidade (diacetato de fluoresceína e brometo de etídio), PCR e detecção de aflatoxinas (AFB). Os resultados demonstraram que as doses utilizadas foram efetivas na redução do número de Unidades Formadoras de Colônias (UFC/g), principalmente as doses de 5 e 10 kGy. Em adição, o teste de viabilidade mostrou uma diminuição de células viáveis com o aumento das doses de irradiação. A redução de AFB1 e AFB2 foi mais eficiente com o emprego de 2 kGy, comparativamente à dose de 5 kGy, enquanto a dose de 10 kGy degradou totalmente as aflatoxinas. Além disso, observou-se que AFB2 apresentou-se mais radiosensível. O emprego da técnica de PCR revelou a presença de bandas de DNA em todas as amostras.
The aim of this present study was to verify the effects of gamma radiation on the growth of Aspergillus flavus Link aflatoxins producer; to demonstrate the application of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique in the diagnostic of A. Flavus, as well to verify the effect of radiation in the profile of DNA bands. Twenty samples of grains maize with 200 g each were individually irradiated with 20 kGy, to eliminate the microbial contamination. In following, the samples were inoculated with an toxigenic A. flavus (1x106 spores/ml), incubated for 15 days at 25 °C with a relative humidity of around 97,5% and irradiated with 0; 2; 5 and 10 kGy. The samples, 5 to each dose of irradiation, were individually analyzed for the number of fungal cells, water activity, viability test (fluorescein diacetate and ethidium bromide), PCR and aflatoxins (AFB) detection. The results showed that the doses used were effectives in reducing the number of Colony Forming Units (CFU/g) mainly the doses of 5 and 10 kGy. In addition, the viability test showed a decrease of viable cells with increase of irradiation doses. The reduction of AFB1 and AFB2, was more efficient with the use of 2 kGy in comparison with the dose of 5 kGy, while the dose of 10 kGy, degraded the aflatoxins. Thereby, it was observed that AFB2 showed to be more radiosensitive. The use of PCR technique showed the presence of DNA bands, in all samples
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Meissner-Roloff, Madelein. "The occurrence of mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma gene mutations in mitochondrial deficiencies, in a selection of South African paediatric patients / Madelein Meissner-Roloff." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5095.

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Mitochondria are the "power houses" of each cell, sustaining the cell's energy demands by providing energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is produced inside the mitochondria during cellular oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). During this process, numerous reducing agents work together to finally produce ATP by the last enzyme of the OXPHOS system. Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain (ETC), which is composed by the first four enzymes of the OXPHOS system. The OXPHOS system is an electrochemical pump situated in the mitochondrial inner membrane. It contains subunits that are encoded by nuclear and mitochondrial DNA respectively. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes 13 peptides (part of the OXPHOS system), 22 transfer RNAs and 2 ribosomal RNAs. Disorders of this system can arise from mutations in either mitochondrial or nuclear DNA and are responsible for the most prevalent inborn (inherited) errors of metabolism in children. Various disorders with ranging severity have been linked to mitochondrial disorders that affect the energy production of the cell. This is especially evident when mutations in mtDNA occur. Therefore, the integrity of mtDNA is of utmost importance to primarily ensure the sufficient production of ATP within each cell. Mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma (mtDNA POLG or POLG) is the only nuclear encoded DNA polymerase involved in the replication of mtDNA. It has recently been shown that there is a high probability of POLG1 gene mutations (~25%) in mitochondrial disorders. Very little is known about the aetiology of mitochondrial disorders in the South African population. This study is part of a collaborative study initiated in order to investigate the aetiology of mitochondrial disorders in South African paediatric patients. Patients were previously diagnosed on clinical presentation and/or biochemical enzyme analysis only, without the support of genetic testing. This study was undertaken to elucidate the role of possible mutations in the mtDNA POLG1 gene in a clinically selected paediatric target patient group (TPG). The clinical selection of eight patients from a group of 38 paediatric patients was mainly based on the occurrences of impaired eye function which has previously been associated with possible POLG malfunctioning. The aim of this study was to determine the POLG1 genetic sequence in the selected target patient group and to determine the relative mitochondrial copy number (RMCN) of the entire group of 38 patients. Results obtained from RMCN analysis of the larger paediatric patient group, suggests that the clinical selection of patients for possible POLG mutations is inadequate. No pathogenic mutations, insertions or deletions were found in the selected TPG, but eight known intronic single nudeotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which include two insertion-deletions, were detected. No mutations were found in the POLG gene of patients that, based on their clinical profiles, were suspected to have POLG malfunctioning. However, the number of patients investigated in this study was small and therefore these results are not representative of all South African patients. It is therefore suggested that all the South African patients with confirmed mitochondrial disorders should be sequenced for possible POLG gene mutations, before any final conclusions can be drawn.
Thesis (M.Sc. (Biochemistry))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
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Xia, Yang. "The localisation and regulation of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-Kinase gamma splice variants and the discovery of a new mammalian splice variant, PIP5KIγ_v6." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240633.

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Type I PIP kinases (phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinases, PIP5Ks) catalyse the majority of cellular synthesis of PI(4,5)P2. To date, three mammalian isoforms (r1, r2, r3) have been found. PIP5KIr is subject to complex C-terminal splice variation, enhancing its transcriptional diversity through evolution and producing at least 5 known spliceoforms in the mammals. This study addresses several important questions. (1) Several remarkable differences have been discovered between the neuronal splice variant PIP5KIr_i3 and its close variant, Ir_i2, whose peptide lacks a 26-AA insert near its C-terminus. This study attempts to map these behavioural differences onto motifs within the peptide insert. Furthermore, a site of point mutation is identified near the activation loop, which amplifies the above differences. (2) This study documents properties of the more recently discovered PIP5KIr_i3, about which relatively little is known, for example, the regulation of its subcellular localisation, kinase activity and post-translational modifications. By site-directed mutagenesis and examining more closely several crucial motifs, insight is gained into the putative relationship between the enzyme’s phosphorylation state, cellular localisation, lipid kinase activity and autophosphorylation. (3) The discovery of a new PIP5KIr splice variant, Ir_v6, is described. First discovered in rodents, PIP5KIr_i6 encompasses the 26-AA insert of Ir_i3, but lacks the common C-terminus of Ir_i2 and Ir_i3 which contains peptide motifs that have several roles in vivo. A polyclonal antibody against the C-terminus of Ir_i6 was also developed. Preliminary characterisation of Ir_i6 demonstrates a similar subcellular localisation, but a wider expression profile than its close relative, Ir_i3, suggesting potentially differential functions across tissues and at various developmental stages. (4) The existence of Ir_v3 and Ir_v6 is also confirmed in humans. In light of recent findings of other novel human spliceoforms, this is shown to be a case of intra-exonic splicing producing “alternative 5’ splice site” exons in the human. Overall, this thesis should help to better understand the regulation and physiological roles of PIP5KIr and, specifically, its different splice variants.
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Chehtane, Mounir. "REAL TIME REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION FOR DIRECT DETECTION OF VIABLE MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM SUBSPECIES PARATUBERCULOSIS IN CROHN S DISEASE PATIENTS and ASSOCIATION OF MAP INFECTION WITH DOWNREGUALTION IN INTERFERON-GAMMA RECEPTOR (INFG." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4281.

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Association of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) with Crohn's disease (CD) and not with ulcerative colitis (UC), two forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), has been vigorously debated in recent years. This theory has been strengthened by recent culture of MAP from breast milk, intestinal tissue and Blood from patients with active Crohn's disease. Culture of MAP from clinical samples remained challenging due to the fastidious nature of MAP including its lack of cell wall in infected patients. The advent of real time PCR has proven to be significant in infectious disease diagnostics. In this study, real time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) assay based on targeting mRNA of the IS900 gene unique to MAP has been developed. All variables included in RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis and real time PCR amplification have been optimized. Oligonucleotide primers were designed to amplify 165 bp specific to MAP and the assay demonstrated sensitivity of 4 genomes per sample. In hope this real time RT-PCR may aid in the detection of viable MAP cells in Crohn's disease patients, a total of 45 clinical samples were analyzed. Portion of each sample was also subjected to 12 weeks culture followed by standard nested PCR analysis. The samples consisted of 17 cultures (originated from 13 CD, 1 UC and 3 NIBD subjects), 24 buffy coat blood (originated from 7 CD, 2 UC, 11 NIBD and 4 healthy subjects) and 4 intestinal biopsies from 2 CD patients. Real time RT-PCR detected viable MAP in 11/17 (65%) of iii suspected cultures compared to 12/17 (70%) by nested PCR including 77% and 84% from CD samples by both methods, respectively. Real time RT-PCR detected MAP RNA directly from 3/7 (42%) CD, 2/2 (100%) UC and 0/4 healthy controls similar to results following long term culture incubation and nested PCR analysis. Interestingly, real time RT-PCR detected viable MAP in 2/11 (13%) compared to 4/11 (26%) by culture and nested PCR in NIBD patients. For tissue samples, real time RT-PCR detected viable MAP in one CD patient with the culture outcome remains pending. This study clearly indicates that a 12-hr real time RT-PCR assay provided data that are similar to those from 12 weeks culture and nested PCR analysis. Consequently, use of real time In our laboratory, we previously demonstrated a possible downregulation in the Interferon-gamma receptor gene (IFNGR1) in patients with active Crohn's disease using microarray chip analysis. In this study, measurement of RNA by real time qRT-PCR indicated a possible downregulation in 5/6 CD patients compared to 0/12 controls. The preliminary data suggest that downregulation in INFGR1 gene, and the detection of viable MAP in CD patients provides yet the strongest evidence toward the linkage between MAP and CD etiology.
M.S.
Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology
Burnett College of Biomedical Sciences
Molecular Biology and Microbiology
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Book chapters on the topic "Gamma polymerase"

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Hikmat, Omar, Pirjo Isohanni, Anu Suomalainen, and Laurence A. Bindoff. "Diseases of DNA Polymerase Gamma." In Diagnosis and Management of Mitochondrial Disorders, 113–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05517-2_7.

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Saneto, Russell P., and Bruce H. Cohen. "Alpers–Huttenlocher Syndrome, Polymerase Gamma 1, and Mitochondrial Disease." In Mitochondrial Disorders Caused by Nuclear Genes, 73–89. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3722-2_4.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Gamma." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 334. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_5407.

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Fan, Hongxin, and Ryan S. Robetorye. "Detection of Clonal T-Cell Receptor Beta and Gamma Chain Gene Rearrangement by Polymerase Chain Reaction and Capillary Gel Electrophoresis." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 169–88. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-357-2_11.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Gamma Cellulose." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 334. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_5408.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Gamma Distribution." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 334. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_5409.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Gamma Protein." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 334. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_5410.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Gamma Ray." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 334. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_5411.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Gamma Transition." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 334. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_5412.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Gamma Globulin." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 895. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_13806.

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Conference papers on the topic "Gamma polymerase"

1

Dhar, Sanjit K., Vasudevan Bakthavatchalu, Lu Miao, Jing Chen, Haining Zhu, and Daret K. St. Clair. "Abstract 1700: The nitration of DNA polymerase gamma (pol-gamma) that activates autophagy responses is a novel mechanism by which UVB induces skin cancer." In Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-1700.

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Liyanage, Sanduni, Rose Hurren, Rebecca Laposa, and Aaron Schimmer. "Abstract 3039: Targeting mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma (POLG) as a novel therapeutic strategy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML)." In Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-3039.

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Liyanage, Sanduni, Rose Hurren, Xiaoming Wang, Neil Maclean, Rebecca Laposa, and Aaron Schimmer. "Abstract 210: Targeting the mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma with 2’3’-dideoxycytidine as a novel therapeutic strategy for acute myeloid leukemia." In Proceedings: AACR 107th Annual Meeting 2016; April 16-20, 2016; New Orleans, LA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-210.

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Dhar, Sanjit K., Vasu Bakthavachalu, Tadahide Izumi, Jing Chen, Haining Zhu, and Daret K. St. Clair. "Abstract 2904: Induction of autophagy reveals a cytoprotective mechanism by which DNA polymerase gamma (pol-γ) prevents UVB-induced skin cancer." In Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-2904.

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Liyanage, Sanduni, Rose Hurren, Rebecca Laposa, and Aaron Schimmer. "Abstract 4317: Inhibiting the mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma (POLG) with 2′,3′-dideoxycytidine reduces oxidative phosphorylation and increases apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2014; April 5-9, 2014; San Diego, CA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-4317.

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Ohki, Yoshimichi, Yu Miyazaki, Haolong Zhou, Momoka Sumita, Takumi Someya, and Naoshi Hirai. "Mitigation of Degradation in Polymers by Gamma Rays." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on the Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials (ICPADM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpadm49635.2021.9493858.

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Fifield, Leonard S., Shuaishuai Liu, and Nicola Bowler. "Simultaneous thermal and gamma radiation aging of cable polymers." In 2016 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ceidp.2016.7785479.

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Dispenza, C., S. Alessi, G. Spadaro, Alberto D’Amore, Domenico Acierno, and Luigi Grassia. "CARBON FIBRE COMPOSITE MATERIALS PRODUCED BY GAMMA RADIATION INDUCED CURING OF EPOXY RESINS." In IV INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE TIMES OF POLYMERS (TOP) AND COMPOSITES. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2989004.

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Du, B. X., Fu Shen, and H. J. Liu. "Surface breakdown of gamma-ray irradiated polybutylene polymers under magnetic field." In 2007 Annual Report - Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ceidp.2007.4451590.

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Pandini, S., A. Zenoni, G. Donzella, M. Ferrari, F. Bignotti, A. Andrighetto, A. Salvini, and F. Zelaschi. "Effect of combined gamma and neutron irradiation on EPDM and FPM elastomers." In 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON “TIMES OF POLYMERS AND COMPOSITES”: From Aerospace to Nanotechnology. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5045914.

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You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Gamma polymerase' for particular source types:
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